Committee: Security Council

Main Submitter: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Co-Submitters:
Signatories:
Topic: the situation in Yemen

The security council,

1. calls upon member states to work together to address the severe crisis in Yemen, using the
principles outlined in previous UN initiatives and documents as a guide; this can be done by:
a. Stresses a quick and genuine reconciliation between the Yemeni government and the
Houthis, and exhorts all combatant parties to hold constructive talks aimed at fostering
mutual understanding and achieving peace,
i. encourages the appointment of a neutral, United Nations-backed mediator to ease
communication between the Yemeni government and the Houthis and foster
mutual confidence between the parties, Potential mediators include but not
limited to Malta, Sweden and Switzerland,
1. encourages the neutral third-party mediator to have the knowledge,
experience, and objectivity essential to properly guide the conversation
in addition to being acceptable to both the Yemeni government and the
Houthis,
2. Requests that the UN Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
(DPPA) assist the impartial third-party mediator with resources and
support in order to make sure that the reconciliation process is
successful, inclusive, and long-lasting, This support should include
technical assistance as well as logistical support,
ii. insists that in order to establish an inclusive peace process that serves the
interests and concerns of all Yemenis, all sides participate in constructive
conversation with other political parties, the civil society, and women's
organizations in Yemen,
iii. encourages the creation of a combined transitional authority with members from
the Houthis, the Yemeni government, and other political parties to supervise the
transition process and guarantee a peaceful and inclusive political solution in
Yemen
1. Acknowledges that the creation of transitional authority must be after
the acceptance of the Yemeni government to protect its sovereignty, in
accordance with the principles of the UN Charter, and in particular,
Article 2,
2. Encourages the joint transitional authority to develop a roadmap for
political, economic, and social reform in Yemen, and to engage in
national dialogue to build consensus on key issues, including
decentralization, power-sharing, and constitutional reform,
b. calls for the creation of a demilitarized zone (DMZ) with a minimum width of 20
kilometers on either side of the border between Yemen and Saudi Arabia in order to ease
tensions, stop cross-border assaults, and advance peace and stability in the area,
 i. Necessitates that the Houthis and the Yemeni government provide the free and
secure passage of civilians, aid workers, and supplies through the demilitarized
zone and make it easier for local residents who need it to obtain humanitarian
aid,
1. urges the JVIM to set up coordination processes with other UN entities
and humanitarian groups working in the demilitarized zone to guarantee
the provision of aid and services to impacted communities,
ii. urges the Houthis and the Yemeni government to cooperate with the JVIM in
order to guarantee the safe and secure management, storage, and destruction of
any weapons and ammunition withdrawn from the demilitarized zone and to
prevent the spread of small arms and light weapons in the region,
1. calls for the involvement of the United Nations Mine Action Service
(UNMAS) in the management of ammunition and weaponry, the removal
of explosive remnants of war, and the deactivation of landmines,
iii. requests that the UN study the idea of sending a peacekeeping force to Yemen to
oversee the demilitarization process and to safeguard the security and safety of
civilians and aid workers there,
1. Encourages the UN peacekeeping mission to collaborate closely with the
JVIM and other pertinent parties to put in place a thorough and efficient
monitoring and verification system, ensure that the demilitarization
process is carried out in a transparent, impartial, and accountable
manner, and notify the UN Security Council of any violations or
noncompliance,
c. acknowledges that the conflict in Yemen is a result of the proxy war between Saudi
Arabia and Iran, and that in order to find a political solution, it is necessary to address the
regional implications of the issue,
i. Encourages Saudi Arabia and Iran to assist efforts to find a diplomatic solution to
the crisis and to stop interfering in Yemen's internal affairs in any way, including
by providing military and financial support to opposing factions,
1. Both parties should respect Yemen's sovereignty and territorial integrity
by withdrawing all of their military personnel and equipment from
Yemeni territory,
ii. implores Saudi Arabia and Iran to have a direct and productive conversation with
the goal of easing tensions in the region and settling their disputes peacefully,
particularly the situation in Yemen,
1. calls on Saudi Arabia and Iran to abide by the international law norms of
good neighborliness, non-interference in domestic matters, and peaceful
conflict settlement,
2. encourages both parties to find areas of shared interest and concern, as
well as to look for ways to work together and cooperate, with the goal of
fostering peace, stability, and regional development,
iii. calls on Saudi Arabia and Iran to assist the UN and its special envoy in Yemen in
ensuring the outcomes of any conversations or agreements reached,
1. implores Saudi Arabia and Iran to desist from adopting any acts that
would jeopardize the UN-led peace process, such as imposing unilateral
sanctions or other measures that might hurt Yemen's people or cause
more regional instability,
d. Recognizes that the Yemeni Southern Movement is not a legitimate political entity, and
that all efforts to address the problems and concerns of the people in southern Yemen
must be carried out through established political and legal channels.
i. Demands that the government of Yemen address the genuine concerns and
grievances of the people in southern Yemen through inclusive and transparent
political procedures based on the values of national unity, equality, and the rule
of law.
1. Demands that the Yemeni government take real measures to rectify the
economic and social inequities between the southern provinces and the
rest of the nation, including the distribution of resources and investments
in infrastructure and public services.
2. Requests that the Yemeni government respect the freedom of the people
of southern Yemen to freely express their views and participate in
political decision-making without fear of punishment or intimidation.
ii. Encourages the Yemeni government to take meaningful efforts toward devolving
authority and resources to the southern regions of Yemen in line with
decentralization and local governance principles.
1. Encourages the Yemeni government to evaluate and update its policies
and procedures pertaining to the allocation of resources and development
projects in Yemen's southern regions in order to ensure more justice and
fairness.
iii. Instructs the Yemeni government to secure the involvement of the Yemeni
Southern Movement in any future discussions or political procedures aimed at
ending the conflict, and to defend their rights and interests.
1. Respect the rights of the people of southern Yemen to freely express
their views and participate in political decision-making without fear of
punishment or intimidation.
e. Recognizes Yemen's acute economic crisis and its devastating impact on the
humanitarian situation and chances for the country's long-term stability and development.
i. Encourages the Yemeni government to prioritize the management of resources
and finances, especially those of the Yemeni Central Bank, and to strive toward
developing the economy and ensuring that resources are effectively allocated to
the Yemeni people.
1. Encourages the Yemeni government to reform and strengthen the
Yemeni Central Bank, including via the provision of technical support
from the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), to achieve financial
stability and sustainable economic growth.
2. Encourages the Yemeni government to increase openness and
accountability in the administration of public funds and to combat
corruption by establishing efficient oversight structures, among other
measures.
ii. Urges relevant United Nations organizations, such as the World Bank and the
International Monetary Fund, to expand their help to the Yemeni government in
tackling the economic crisis, particularly via the provision of technical assistance,
financial support, and debt relief.
iii. Calls for all parties to the war to refrain from acts that might deepen Yemen's
economic crisis, particularly the destruction of infrastructure, the blockage of
 ports or other important economic arteries, and the application of economic
sanctions or other punitive measures.
iv. Urges the international community to boost its support for the Yemeni people
and economy, especially by providing humanitarian relief, development
assistance, and technical help for economic recovery and growth.
1. Encourages the international community to assist efforts to diversify the
Yemeni economy and to foster the growth of the private sector,
especially through creating investment and trade possibilities.
f. Expresses concern over the illicit weapons trade in Yemen, which fuels the conflict and
undermines efforts to achieve a sustainable peace in the country.
i. Urges all parties to the conflict to adhere to the arms embargo imposed by the
United Nations Security Council in resolution 2216 (2015), which forbids the
supply, sale, or transfer of arms and associated materiel to Yemen.
1. The significance of effective implementation and enforcement of the
weapons embargo, including the application of targeted penalties against
people or companies found in breach of the embargo, is emphasised.
ii. Urges all states to be more vigilant and to take concrete steps to prevent the illicit
flow of weapons and related materials into Yemen, including the implementation
of effective export controls, border management measures, and enhanced
cooperation with the United Nations and other relevant international actors.
1. Requests that all governments provide the United Nations Panel of
Experts on Yemen with information and intelligence pertaining to the
illicit arms trade in Yemen and assist fully with the panel's
investigations.
2. Encourages governments to enhance their legal frameworks and
regulatory regimes pertaining to arms exports, particularly by adopting
and implementing international norms like the Arms Trade Treaty.
g. Recognizing that the United Nations Panel of Experts on Yemen, formed pursuant to
resolution 2140 (2014), shall continue to carry out its current duties, including monitoring
and reporting on the implementation of the weapons embargo and sanctions measures in
Yemen.
i. The Panel of Experts shall expand its scope in order to conduct exhaustive
investigations and evaluations of the situation in Yemen, including but not
limited to:
1. The impact of the conflict on the civilian population, including the
humanitarian situation, abuses of human rights, and other contributing
elements.
2. The impact of the conflict on Yemen's economy, includes the
interruption of commerce, agriculture, and other economic sectors, as
well as the humanitarian repercussions of the economic catastrophe.
3. The impact of the conflict on Yemen's women, children, and other
vulnerable groups, including the frequency of gender-based violence,
forced displacement, and child recruitment, and the actions required to
protect their rights and interests.
4. The effect of the conflict on regional security and the ramifications of the
conflict for regional stability and safety are discussed.
 5. Other elements that may contribute to the conflict or impede attempts to
achieve sustainable peace in Yemen, as highlighted by the Panel of
Experts in consultation with relevant parties.
ii. The Panel of Experts shall make recommendations to the United Nations
Security Council regarding:
1. Promote respect for human rights and international humanitarian law,
particularly through monitoring and reporting breaches and abuses, and
urge those responsible to accept responsibility.
2. Reduce the severity of the situation in Yemen, especially via the
promotion of humanitarian aid and the protection of civilians, as well as
by addressing the core causes of the war, including as the economic
crisis, political instability, and societal grievances.
iii. The Panel of Experts should work closely with the Yemeni government, the
Houthis, and other relevant actors to ensure that its investigations and
recommendations are informed by the viewpoints of all relevant parties and are
tailored to the specific conditions on the ground.
iv. The Panel of Experts should also coordinate efforts for a permanent peace in
Yemen with regional and international institutions, including the Gulf
Cooperation Council and the League of Arab States, as well as civil society and
other relevant parties.
h. Recognizes the urgent need to offer humanitarian aid to the Yemeni people, who are
suffering severe and deteriorating humanitarian situations due to the ongoing conflict and
other causes.
i. Encourages donor nations to increase their contributions to the United Nations
Humanitarian Response Plan for Yemen and to provide flexible and predictable
funding to support the provision of life-saving assistance and protection to those
in need, including women, children, and other vulnerable populations.
1. Calls for donor nations to prioritize financing for essential sectors such
as health, nutrition, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and to
allocate funds based on the needs of the most vulnerable populations.
ii. Urges all parties to the conflict to respect and safeguard civilians and civilian
infrastructure, including schools, hospitals, and other essential facilities, and to
guarantee that humanitarian relief workers may operate without interference or
harassment.
iii. Calls on the United Nations, including the World Health Organization, UNICEF,
and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), to
intensify their efforts to provide humanitarian aid to the Yemeni people and to
coordinate their activities with the Yemeni government and other relevant actors.
1. Demands that all sides to the war adhere with international humanitarian
law and human rights legislation, and that people and civilian
infrastructure not be targeted or exploited for military reasons.
2. Requests that all parties to the conflict adhere with international
humanitarian law and human rights legislation, and that people and
civilian infrastructure not be targeted or utilised for military objectives.
iv. Urges the international community to offer further support to the United Nations
Refugee Agency (UNHCR) and other relevant organizations to help Yemeni
refugees and asylum seekers who have been compelled to evacuate their homes
as a result of the conflict and other factors.
 1. Urges the international community to prioritize the protection of refugees
and asylum seekers and to guarantee that their rights are recognized and
preserved, including their access to education, healthcare, and other
necessary services.
i. Requests the Secretary-General of the United Nations to appoint a special representative
on middle eastern affairs to monitor the implementation of this resolution and report to
the Security Council on its progress. This special representative's responsibilities should
include, but are not limited to the following:
i. Making consistent reports on the progress that is being made toward the
implementation of this resolution, as well as highlighting the areas in which
additional action is required to reach peace in Yemen,
1. The special representative on middle eastern affairs will need to
establish clear metrics and reporting requirements to measure progress
toward the implementation of this resolution. This could involve
developing a reporting framework that includes key performance
indicators and milestones, as well as establishing reporting deadlines and
requirements for member states and other relevant parties,
a. To provide consistent reports on progress, the special
representative will need to collect and analyze data on the
implementation of this resolution. This may involve developing
data collection tools and methodologies, as well as analyzing
trends and patterns in the data to identify areas in which more
action is required,
ii. Facilitating coordination and cooperation in the implementation of this resolution
among all relevant parties, including member states, international organizations,
and other interested parties,
1. To facilitate coordination and cooperation in the implementation of this
resolution, the special representative will need to establish effective
coordination mechanisms among all relevant parties. This may involve
developing a coordination framework that includes regular meetings and
consultations, as well as establishing working groups and other
mechanisms to address specific issues related to arms trafficking to
Yemen,
2. To promote greater collaboration in the implementation of this
resolution, the special representative may need to facilitate partnerships
and collaboration among member states, international organizations, and
other interested parties. This may involve identifying areas of mutual
interest and concern, establishing joint projects and initiatives, and
promoting the sharing of best practices and lessons learned.
iii. Recommending to the UNSC to impose targeted sanctions on individuals,
entities, and states found to be in violation of this resolution, These sanctions will
will be lifted upon verified compliance with the resolution on progress towards
resolving the conflict in Yemen.