PRE-CALCULUS 11

key concepts and principles of

conic sections, systems of

Pre-Calculus nonlinear equations, series

and mathematical induction,

Curriculum
circular and trigonometric
functions, trigonometric
identities, and polar
coordinate system.
 Content Performance
Standards Standards
The learner The learners shall be
demonstrates able to model
understanding of key situations
concepts of conic appropriately and
sections and systems solve problems
of nonlinear accurately using
equations. conic sections and
systems of nonlinear
equations.
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

01 STEM_PC11AGIa-1
illustrate the different
types of conic sections:
02 STEM_PC11AGIa-2
define a circle;

parabola, ellipse, circle,

hyperbola, and
degenerate cases;

03 STEM_PC11AGIa-3
determine the standard
form of equation of a
circle.
INTRODUCTION TO
CONIC SECTIONS
PRE-CALCULUS 11
 CONE
apex or vertex.

a 3-dimensional shape in geometry formed

by a set of line segments which connects a
common point called the apex or vertex.
axis
Its axis is the segment joining the vertex and
the center of the circular base.
base

RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

 CONE apex or vertex.

a 3-dimensional shape in geometry formed

by a set of line segments which connects a
common point called the apex or vertex.
axis
Its axis is the segment joining the vertex and
the center of the circular base.
base

OBLIQUE CIRCULAR
CONE
 CONE
upper napped
a 3-dimensional shape in geometry formed
by a set of line segments which connects a
common point called the apex or vertex. vertex

Its axis is the segment joining the vertex and

the center of the circular base.
lower napped

DOUBLE RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

CONIC SECTION
generator

Orines (2016) defined conic sections as the

set of points which have a constant ratio on
vertex
the distances from a fixed point to the
distances from a fixed line that is not
passing through the fixed point.

A conic section, or simply conic, is the axis

intersection of a plane and a double right
circular cone. directrix
 generator a line lying entirely on the cone
(or the line that rotates about the center)

upper
napped

vertex the only point where the two

nappes intersect

axis line that remain fixed.

lower
napped

directrix perimeter of the base

 TYPES OF CONICS

Degenerate conics are Non-Degenerate conics

formed when the cutting are formed when the
plane passes through the cutting plane does not
vertex of the double- intersect the vertex of
napped cone. the double-napped cone.
 P
L
A P

DEGENERATE CONICS
I
E
N
INTERSECTING LINES
DEGENERATE CONICS

A point is formed when the

cutting plane cuts the
double-napped cone,
horizontally, in half.
DEGENERATE CONICS

A line is formed when the

cutting plane is in slant
position and cuts the
double-napped cone in half.
DEGENERATE CONICS

An intersecting lines are

formed when the cutting
plane cuts the double-
napped cone, vertically, in
half..
 P
A
R C
A I
B R
NON-DEGENERATE
L
CONICS
L
L
A HYPE RBOLA
L
I
P
S
E
NON-DEGENERATE CONICS

If the cutting plane is

parallel to the base of a
cone, the section is a
circle.
NON-DEGENERATE CONICS

If the cutting plane is

parallel to a plane
tangent the cone, then
the curve of its
intersection is called a
parabola.
NON-DEGENERATE CONICS

If the cutting plane is

not parallel to a plane
tangent to the cone,
then the curve of its
intersection is an
ellipse.
NON-DEGENERATE CONICS

If the cutting plane

intersects to both
nappes, then the curve
of its intersection is a
hyperbola.

ECCENTRICITY
according to Malang, et. Al. (2016), is
a ratio between the distance of a point
called the focus and the distance of a
line called the directrix from a set of
points.
Amount of conic section deviates from
being perfectly circular.
● A parabola has an eccentricity of 1. (e=1)
● An ellipse has an eccentricity that is less than 1.
(e<1)
● A hyperbola has an eccentricity that is greater
than 1. (e>1)
● A circle, which is a special kind of ellipse, has an
eccentricity of 0. (e=0)
GENERAL FORM OF EQUATION OF A CONIC SECTION

𝑨𝒙𝟐 + 𝑩𝒙𝒚 + 𝑪𝒚𝟐 + 𝑫𝒙 + 𝑬𝒚 + 𝑭 = 𝟎

 LET’s TRY! : ACTIVITY # 1
Identify which of the following can be considered as degenerate or
non-degenerate conic section. Write the specific conic section that is
represented by the objects.

1. Orbit of Mars
2. Tip of a pen
3. Coin
4. Edge of a table
5. One arch of the McDonald’s logo