Indian Institute of Technology, IIT

IIT is located in 23 cities all across India. It was founded in 1951 and is governed by the Institutes of
Technology Act of 1961 which has declared the institution an Institute of National Importance. The
popular IIT campuses for pursuing biotechnology courses are IIT Bombay, IIT New Delhi, IIT Madras,
IIT Kharagpur, IIT Kanpur, and IIT Roorkee.

Popular Courses:

MSc in Biotechnology

BE/ B.Tech in Biotechnology

Integrated B.Tech and M.Tech in Bioengineering

University of Delhi (DU)

University of Delhi, Famously known as DU , is a public central university located in thee
capital of India, Delhi. It was founded in 1922 by the Act of the Central Legislative Assembly. s.
Popular Courses:
 MSc in Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
 Ph.D. in Biotechnology
 Medical Biotechnology

National Institute of Technology (NIT)

National Institute of Technology. Also known as NIT, it is a premier autonomous public
university specializing mainly in technology and research. Presently it is located in 31 places
in India and was established in 2007 via the National Institutes of Technology Act. Some of the
famous NIT campuses for biotechnology are NIT Warangal, NIT Delhi, NIT Durgapur, NIT
Calicut, NIT Andhra Pradesh, NIT Raipur, and NIT Sikkim.
Popular Courses:
 BSc in Biotechnology
 B.Tech in Biotechnology
 M.Tech in Biotechnology
 ME/BE in Biotechnology

Biotechnology is a new course of Life science subject that becomes more popular than
the other subjects of Life Science. But its course fees are very high in private, deemed
universities and other institutes because Biotechnology is a practical-based
interdisciplinary subject that needs good capital to invest in its laboratories and
facilities for studies. The average course fees are is 2 to 3 lakh per year that is much
high for normal students.
Students want to study this course from the best universities but a maximum of them
are private or deemed universities. So here we provide the list of the top 10 central
universities in India for Biotechnology studies that provide quality education at low
fees. They also provide good placement to the students after completing this course.
Biotechnology is a new course of Life science subject that becomes more popular than
the other subjects of Life Science. But its course fees are very high in private, deemed
universities and other institutes because Biotechnology is a practical-based
interdisciplinary subject that needs good capital to invest in its laboratories and
facilities for studies. The average course fees are is 2 to 3 lakh per year that is much
high for normal students.
Students want to study this course from the best universities but a maximum of them
are private or deemed universities. So here we provide the list of the top 10 central
universities in India for Biotechnology studies that provide quality education at low
fees. They also provide good placement to the students after completing this course.

Advantages of Studying at Central University

There are lots of advantages to studying from the central universities for the students.
Some of them listed below.
 Central universities well established and known by everyone in the academic or
industry field.
 Central universities get more fund from the central government so there is no
issue with getting scholarships or fund for projects running in the universities.
 Central universities have good infrastructure, well-developed labs, libraries, and
space for educational and other activities.
 Professors do not use regional languages during lecture generally, that is good
for other state's students.
 Admission is through central level exams so the best quality of students gets
admission in the universities.
 Courses fees are less than the private or deemed universities that are very
helpful for poor background students.

List of Top 10 Central Universities in India for Biotechnology

Course
Here we listed central universities name with the offered Biotechnology courses. Many
universities also offer courses like Bioinformatics, Genetic engineering, Molecular
Biology, Agriculture Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology and so on but we listed only
those universities name that offers core Biotechnology course.
1. Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Jawaharlal Nehru University is a very popular public central university in New Delhi. It
was established in 1966 by the government of India. It was in the first six universities
that initiate a postgraduate Biotechnology program in 1985. It has a good placement
and quality education track record. It offers the following Biotechnology courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
2. University Of Hyderabad, Hyderabad

The University of Hyderabad was founded in 1974 as a Central University. Its Institute
of Life science is a public-private partnership initiative that offers lots of Biotechnology
courses which is also known as Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences. It provides good
placement of Biotechnology scholars in the Biotechnology companies. It offers the
following Biotechnology courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
3. Tezpur University, Tezpur

It is a Central University situated in Tezpur, Assam, which is established in 1994. It’s

Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (MBBT) was established on July 24,
1997. It offers the following Biotechnology courses.
 Integrated M.Sc. Bioscience and Bioinformatics
 M.Sc. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
4. Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

Banaras Hindu University (BHU) is a public central university which is situated in

Varanasi and was established in 1916. Its School of Biotechnology was established in
1986. It offers the following Biotechnology courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
5. Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is a public central university of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh.
It was established in 1875 as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College. It became a
university in 1920. It offers the following Biotechnology courses.
  M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
6. Pondicherry University, Pondicherry

Pondicherry University (PU) is a central university that is situated in Kalapet,

Pondicherry. Its Biotechnology department was established in the year 1992. It offers
the following Biotechnology courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 P.G. Diploma in Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
7. Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer

The Central University of Rajasthan is situated in Ajmer, Rajasthan. This central

university was established in 2009 and started its academic session in 2009-10 with two
PG programs. Its Department of Biotechnology established under the School of Life
Sciences in July 2011. It offers the following Biotechnology courses.
 Integrated M.Sc. Biotechnology
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
8. Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar

Formal Sagar University or the University of Saugor is now known as Dr. Hari Singh
Gour University that is a Central University in the Sagar district of Madhya Pradesh. It
was founded on 18 July 1946. Its Department of Biotechnology was established in the
year 2001-02 under the Faculty of Science. It offers the following Biotechnology
courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
9. Mizoram University, Aizwal

Mizoram University is a central university situated in Aizawl and established in the year
2001. Its School of Life Sciences was founded in the year 2005 that offers various
Biotechnology courses.
 M.Sc. Biotechnology
 M.Phil Biotechnology
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
10. University Of Allahabad, Prayagraj

The University of Allahabad is a public central university situated in Prayagraj, Uttar

Pradesh. It was established in the year 1887. It has no specific department of
Biotechnology but it offers the Ph.D. in Biotechnology course under its Faculty of
Science.
 Ph.D. Biotechnology
o select the stream of Biotechnology after 12th after studying PCB, follow some simple
steps:

1. Understand Biotechnology thoroughly & jot down it’s key fields to pursue
your career. E.g. microbiology, agriculture biotechnology, etc.
2. Choose your appropriate degree according to your interest or goal. Choose
between science & engineering.
3. Choose your college/ Entrance exam
Following is a list of competitive exams and colleges one can opt for a degree in
Biotechnology:

 AIIMS Biotechnology Entrance Exam

 JEE (For colleges across the country): and for all IITs
 Combined Biotechnology Entrance Examination (CBEEE)
 Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University Common Entrance Test
 University Of Rajasthan , Jaipur: PET and JEE
 Punjab University, Chandigarh : JEE
 GNDU, Amritsar : JEE and own entrance test
 University of Kerala
 Bharathiar University
 Jamia Milia Islamia
 Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Pune
 Bansthali
 Visverswaraih Technological University, Karnataka
 Various colleges of Delhi University
 Thapar University
 IIIT Hyderabad (JEE, Own test)
 Gulbarga University, Jnana ganga
 Aligarh Muslim University
 Osmania University
 Annamalai University
 NITs (JEE)
 BHU
 Goa University Biotechnology Entrance Examination
  J.N.C.S.R (Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research)
 J.N.T.U (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University)
 M.K.U (Madurai Kamaraj University
 University of Hyderabad
 Sastra University
 University of Kashmir
 Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology
 RGPV
 Khalsa College Chandigarh
 DCE
 All India Pre-Veterinary Test AIPVT 2015
All these colleges offer undergraduate and post-graduate courses. Many of these offer seats
on first come first serve basis as well. Some of the colleges like DU have stringent cut-offs
for 12th marks.

I hope these suggestions will help you in making a wise decision for a career in
Biotechnology right from the beginning

Before jumping on to the recipe for building a successful career in Biotechnology, let’s
understand what exactly is biotechnology. Biotechnology is an interdisciplinary specialisation and
a broad area of biology that uses biological systems, living organisms or their components and
cellular and biomolecular process to make technologies that improve our lives. The applications
of biotechnology are diverse and are most popularly utilised in health and medical
sciences, biomedical engineering, agriculture, cell biology, immunology, seed technology,
virology and plant physiology. It is filled with lucrative opportunities to work in the medical
sector as well as research and development. This blog takes you through the key essentials of
pursuing a career in Biotechnology, from the top courses and universities as well as the rewarding
employment opportunities it offer!

WHAT IS BIOTECHNOLOGY?

Biotechnology and its impact

on today's and tomorrow's
world
#R&D #science #engenharia
Biotechnology is not a new discipline, but it is advancing by leaps and
bounds and it has more and more applications in our day-to-day lives:
from pharmaceutical development to food production and the
treatment of polluting waste. We explore this exciting field below and
try to determine how far it might go in the future.

Biotechnology uses DNA to develop innovative products and services.

Although we literally have biotechnology in our genes, it never ceases to amaze

us with its continuous innovations, almost more akin to science fiction. The
revolutionary spirit of those advances prior to the creation of the term—such as
the fermentation of bread, cheese or wine— has remained intact until the present
day, more than 6,000 years later, just when human beings are wondering
what, if any, are the limits of this technology, that could take us a very long
way in the future.

WHAT IS BIOTECHNOLOGY
Biotechnology uses living cells to develop or manipulate products for
specific purposes, such as genetically modified foods. Biotechnology is thus
linked to genetic engineering and emerged as a field in its own right at the
beginning of the 20th century in the food industry, which was later joined by other
sectors such as medicine and the environment.

Today, the five branches into which modern biotechnology is divided — human,
environmental, industrial, animal and plant — help us fight hunger and disease,
produce more safely, cleanly and efficiently, reduce our ecological footprint and
save energy. The increase in investment and employment in this sector has been
exponential in recent years. From 2018 to 2022, the number of employees
increased by 11%, while the economic impact in the US is estimated at $2.9
trillion, according to BIO Media.

The evolution of biotechnologyover

the last century

Year 2020
Biotechnology innovations lead the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Year 2013
The first bionic eye is produced in the US giving hope to blind people
worldwide.

Year 2010
A group of researchers from the J.Craig Ventere Institute creates the first
synthetic cell.

Year 1998
A draft of the human genome map is created that locates more than 30,000
genes.
Year 1997
Scientists introduce the world to Dolly the sheep, the first clone of a mammal.

Year 1983
The first genetically modified (transgenic) plant is presented.

Year 1969
An enzyme is synthesized in vitro for the first time in history.

Year 1953
Biologists James Watson and Francis Crick describe the double helix of DNA.

Year 1943
Canadian scientist Oswald Theordore Avery discovers that DNA is the carrier of
genes.

Year 1928
Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovers the antibiotic use of
penicillin.
Year 1919
Hungarian agronomist Karl Ereky coins the term biotechnology.

SEE INFOGRAPHIC: The evolution of biotechnology over the last century

[PDF]External link, opens in new window.

USES AND APPLICATIONS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biotechnological innovations are already part of our daily lives and we find them
in pharmacies and supermarkets, among many other places. In addition, they
were of key importance during the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic as
they helped decipher the genome of the virus and in understanding how our
body's defence mechanism works against infectious agents.

Biotechnology will therefore play a crucial role in the society of the future in
preventing and containing potential pathogens. But this is just one of
its many applications... Below, we review some of the most relevant in different
fields:

Medicine
The development of insulin, the growth hormone, molecular identity and
diagnostics, gene therapies and vaccines such as hepatitis B are some of the
milestones of biotechnology and its alliance with genetic engineering. In addition,
it is also used in the diagnosis of diseases due to its ability to perform very
complicated tests in a shorter time and at lower cost.

Industry
The revolution of the new smart materials hand-in-hand with biotechnology has
only just begun, with the main advantage that it can make easily degradable
products. Such products help the environment because they generate less waste
at the time of destruction, as is the case with biodegradable plastics.

Food
In addition to the genetically modified foods mentioned above, thanks to
biotechnology products such as WEMA have been created, a type of crop
resistant to droughts and certain insects that may prove essential in fighting
hunger in Africa.

Environment
Through bioremediation processes, very useful for ecological recovery, the
catabolic properties of microorganisms, fungi, plants and enzymes are used to
restore contaminated ecosystems.

TYPES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Like the stripes of the rainbow, the different biotechnology applications are
grouped generally into seven colours or research and development areas. In this
section, we highlight the most relevant of each of them.

 Red biotechnology. This is the health branch and responsible, according

to the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO), for the development
of more than 250 vaccines and medications such as antibiotics,
regenerative therapies and the production of artificial organs.

 Green biotechnology. It is used by more than 13 million farmers

worldwide to fight pests and nourish crops and strengthen them against
microorganisms and extreme weather events, such as droughts and frosts.
  White biotechnology. The industrial branch works to improve
manufacturing processes, the development of biofuels and other
technologies to make industry more efficient and sustainable.

 Yellow biotechnology. This branch is focused on food production and, for

example, it carries out research to reduce the levels of saturated fats in
cooking oils. Its main function is to genetically improve products so that
there is a higher quantity or quality of food

 Blue biotechnology. This exploits marine resources to obtain aquaculture,

cosmetics and health care products. At the environemntal level, the aim is
to preserve marine species and ecosystems. In addition, it is the branch
most widely used to obtain biofuels from certain microalgae.

 Grey biotechnology. Its purpose is the conservation and restoration of

contaminated natural ecosystems through, as mentioned above,
bioremediation processes.

 Gold biotechnology. Also known as bioinformatics it is responsible for

obtaining, storing, analysing and separating biological information,
especially that related to DNA and amino acid sequences.

To these typologies, four further sub-categories with corresponding colours have

more recently been added:

 Brown biotechnology. This comes from green biotechnology with the aim
of taking advantage of arid and desert soils to include highly resistant plant
species that increase the flora and biodiversity of these environments.

 Purple biotechnology. It deals with the legal study of the very aspects of
this science. They are closely related to intellectual property, patents and
the biosafety of processes involving living organisms.
  Orange biotechnology. This includes the dissemination of information of
interest to the other branches. t is carried out both in the fields of education
and scientific dissemination with new advances in biotechnologies.

 Black biotechnology. This includes all research work on micro-organisms

that can be manipulated to attack human health. Its main activities are
related to biological warfare and bioterrorism.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF

BIOTECHNOLOGY
The benefits of biotechnology are tangible, but at the same time some warn of
its possible adverse effects on the environment, health and ethics. The
advantages of BIO are as follows:

 It reduces CO2 emissions by 52 %, optimises the use of water and

reduces waste and chemical processes thanks to techniques such as
recombinant DNA.

 It improves medical diagnosis, reduces infection rates, minimises the

side effects of medications and favours progress in developing countries.

 It favours healthy and sustainable agriculture — it provides more

nutritious, toxin and allergen-free food — — it limits the use of pesticides
and chemicals —.

 Helping to reduce poverty and hunger: One of the objectives of

biotechnology is to enable more land to be cultivated and more food to be
produced.

Its main risks include:

 The proliferation of laboratory foodscould end crop diversity. It may also

affect the balance of ecosystems.
 The risks include unforeseen allergies, poisoning of living organisms and
modified bacteria escaping from a laboratory.

 Cloning, the modification of the human genome and assisted reproduction

are matters of ethical debate and social controversy.

 Decrease in labour and small farmers. Increased yields mean that fewer
workers are needed and the high cost prevents smaller landowners from
taking advantage of the benefits.