ANSWERS

Chapter 1 · Motion

Level-l
SECTION-A
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
7. 50 m
8. 10J2 m

Short Answer Typo Questions :

1. 6.67 m/s
2. 24 kmlh
4. 2750n m, 500 m
5. 100m
6. (i) 1 rnJs2. (ii) o. (iii) -2 m/s2
8. 0.37 m/sz.
9. 72 kmlh
10. 14m, 10m
12. JU', 2r
13. 125m

Long Answer Type Questions :

2. (i) 6 m. (ii) 10 s, (iii) 50 m "
3. Averted
4. (i) 100m, (ii) 20 rnls
8. 17.2 s

SECTION·B
1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (3) 4. (4) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (2)
8. (2) 9. (3) 10. (1) 11. (4) 12. (3) 13. (4) 14. (2)
15. (2) 16. (4) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (2) 21. (3)
22. (1) 23. (2) 24. (2) 25. (4) 26. (2) 27. (2) 28. (3)
29. (2) 30. (2) 31. (1) 32. (4) 33. (3) 34. (3) 35. (2)
36. (2)

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 Phplca . a.. IX (~ • ~I) I
Level-It
SECTION-A

3. 10 em
4. 30 s
7. 10 s

8
. [v' + v' ]~
_,_,
2
9. 1 minute

SECTION-S
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (3) 5. (3) 6. (1) 7 . (3)
8. (1) 9. (3) 10. (1)

SECTION-C
1. (1) 2. (3) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (2)

SECTION-0
1. (1) 2. (1)

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Motion
CHAPTER

Answers &Solutions I
(Level-l)
SECTION-A : Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. When an object enters from one end of a circular track and completes one round and reaches at
the same point, then the displacement is zero and distance travelled is 2nr.

2. The body is moving with constant velocity or body has unifom1 motion.

3. Path length means distance travelled, it can be <:efll Qflly for an object at rest. II is greater than
magnitude of displacement of the object if the direction of motion of an object changes.

4. Odometer of an automobile measures the distance travelled in kilometres.

5. The displacement·time grapt> is non-linear for oon-uniform motion,

e.g., • The motion of a body falling freely under gravity is an example of non-uniform motion.

6. Displacement = area under velocity-time curve.

7. Distance travelled= Area of t.OAC

= 2-x oC x CA
2
1
=
2 x 10 x 10 = 50 m
Distance travelled by the object in 10 s Is 50 m.

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8. Let the person enters from A in a square park of side 10 m.
. .... ·~.,::-------,8
Time taken in 1 round trip (i.e. ABCDA) is 40 s. In three

minutes (180 seconds) it completes 4 and ~ rounds.

So it reaches at C.
Therefore, the displacement at the end of 3 minutes Is
the shortest distance between A and C. o'-------"c

Short Answer Type Questions :

Total distance travelled

1. We have, the average speed =
Time taken
Total distance = 10 + 10 = 20 km
0 10 km 10 km 8
20min A 30min
Time taken = t1 + ~ = 20 + 30 = 50 min
= 50•60
t = 3000s
20km 20x 1000 20
Therefore, average speed = s- m/s =
3000 3000 3 = 6.67 mls
The average speed of the car is 6.67 mls.

X+X 2X
2. Average speed= _x + -x - ( 30 + 20 )
20 30 X 20 ~ 30

= 20 x 30x 2 24 kmlh Starting point School

50 X

The average speed = 24 kmlh

Short-cut
2vv
Average speed = - 1- 2
v1 + V:z

2x 20 x 30 _ 24 km/h
50
3. Stopping distance(s) = 20 m,
Final velocity v = 0
Initial velocity u = 54 kmlh = 54 x ~mls = 15 mls
18
From the equation of motion,
v2=u2+2as
v2 - u2
= 8 = .:....,=--=-
2s

0 - 152 - 225 2
:; 8 = - - = - - = - 5.625 mls
2 x 20 40

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4. We have,
Diameter D = 500 m
Time laken to complete one round trip = 1 minute = 60 s
i.e. 1 minute= 1 round
5 minute = 5 round
1
30 s = - round
2
rr:D
Total dlslance covered in 5 minute 30 second=' 5 x n0+T

= 5 • n • 500 +25011
= 2750 n m
Displacement at 5 minute 30 s = PQ = 500 m
5. We know that, the displacement of an object is equal to the area under velocity-time graph.
Velocity (mis)
10 mls
c

0 10s Time (s)

For 10 s. displacement = area of closed figure ABCO
= OA x AB -= 10 x 10 = 100m
In a straight line motion with oonstant velocity, the magnttude of displacement is equal to distance travelled.
.. Distance covered by the body is 100 m.
6. (i) The slope of the velocity-time graph gives accelerallon
Acceleration of the ball durtng first 10 sis equal to slope of line OA.

AB 10 2
Slope = acceleration = = = 1 rn/s
08 10
(ii) Acceleration between 10 to 35 s is zero because \'elocity is constant and

. _ Change In velocity _
Acceleration - Time - 0

(iii) Acceleration durtng 35 to 40 s is equal to slope of line CE

0-10 -10 2
= - - = - 2m/s
40-35 5
7. y
,a
I
I
II
I

u ____________ J Ic
A I I
I
IO
~----------~=---•x
0 Time- 1

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 Poslllon-Time Relallon
Displacement of the body(s) = Area under the velocity-time curve
s = Area of !lABC + Area of rectangle OACD
1
s= x AC x 8C + OA x OD
2
s = ~(t - O)(v - u) + u{t - 0)

.. I s = ut + ~at2 1 ( ·: v- u = at)

This is the second equation of motion.

8. u = 0,
t = 30 s
5 100
v = 40 km/h = 40x - ml s = - m/s
18 9
v = u +at

100
. v-u - 9 - O 100 2 2
Acceleration = - - = =- m/s = 0.37 m/s
I 30 270

The acceleration of the car is 0.37 rnJs2.

9. Let the speed for next 150 km is x

Average speed = Total distance travelled

Total time taken

200
= 60 = 50 150
- +-
40 X

200 • 40• X
= 60
= SOx + 6000
= 60(50x + 6000) = 200 • 40 • x
= 6(5x+600) = 2•40xx
= 30x + 3600 = sox
= 50x = 3600

3600
:) x= - -
50
= 72 kmlh
10. Total distance travelled
= OA +AB
= 8 + 6 =14m
Displacement = shortest distance from 0 to B

08 = JoA 2 + AB 2 = .J64 + 36 = .J100

0
=10m
.. Distance travelled is 14m and displacement is 10m.

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11. y
- - - - -- ---- B
t v :
~
·o
:
1
0 :
~ I
u ____________ ..JI c
A lI
lo
~----------~--+X
0 lime - 1
Position-Velocity Relation
The velocity-time graph, the displacement covered by the object in time I. moving with uniform acceleration
a, is given by the area of trapezium OABD.

v- u
But v = u + at => t = - -
a

·1v2 = u2 + 2as I
This is the third equation of motion.
12. Displacement =Diameter =2r
Distance = Half of circumference = 1tr
13. Given,
a= -10 mls2 -a
-v
I= 5 s, v = 0
s= ?
We have,
lil=u2+2as
But, we need to know the initial velocity of car u, so we use velocity time relation.
v = u +at
u = v-at = 0- (-10) x 5 = 50 mls
2
0 - (50) 50 x 50 = m
.. s 125
2x(- 10) 20
The car will stop after 125 m.

Long Answer Type Questions :

1. Velocity-Time Relation
Let the object is moving with unfforrn acceleration .and has some initial velocity u and its velocity increases
to v in time I. We plot a graph between velocity and time for the motion.
At t = 0, velocity = u m/s
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 At I = I second, the velocity becomes v mls
y
------------- 8
t v :
I
·~
0
:I
~u ____________ , :c
I

A I
I

~----------~--+ X
lo
0 lime -+ I
We know that the acceleration of a body is eqLJal to the slope of the velocity-time graph.

BC v- u
8= - = ---
AC t- 0
v- u =at
IV = U + al I
This is the first equation of motion.
(i) Particle A will move fastest because slope <>fA is greater than Band C.
(ii) A will meet C at M and B at N.
(iii) All are travelling with uniform velocity. ( ·: Slope is same for a particulljr straighHine)
2. Given,
u = 2.5 m/s,
I =2s
a= 0.5 m/s2
(i) Distance travelled by the particle in flfst 2 s, is

s = ut +.! at2
2 ;s
= s = 2.5 x 2+ ~X 0.50x(2)2
= 5.0 + 1.0 = 6.0 m
(ii) We have velocity-time relation

v=u+at = 1 = - - -
v- u
a
= I = 7.5 - 2.5 10 s
0.5
(ill) .-1 = u2 + 2as

= -"-
(7.:..:,
.5:--'f-=--':::(2;..:.
.5,_'1
2 x0.50

= IO x S = 50 m [Use a2 - b' =(a+ b)(a - b))

1
2x -
2
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3. Let the initial velocities of two cars be u1 and u 2 and the distances travelled by them before coming to
rest be s 1 and s 2 respectively.

5
Here, u1 = 72 km/h = 72x = 20 m/s
18
5 = -m/s
u2 = 60 km/h =60x- 50
18 3
Final velocity of both the cars, v1 =v2 =0
and acceleration of both the cars,
a 1 =a2 =- 5 m/s2 (retardation)
For first car,

vi - tl, = 2a,s,
=> o• - (20)2 = 2 (-5)s,
400
=> s, = - = 40m
10
For second car,

v~ -t4 = 2a2~

=> 0 2 - (~r = 2x(-5)~

=> = 2500 = 27 78
~ 9 x 10 '

.. Total distance covered by the two cars

= s1 + s2 = 40 + 27.78 = 67.78 m
As the distance between the two cars, when the brakes were applied i.e., 80 m is greater than the
distance in which they come to rest.
:. The collision will be averted.
4. Let the car and the truck meet after time t.
Given,
a=2m/s2
c ,
v1 = 10 m/s

From second equation of motion s = ut + iat2 ... (i)

Distance travelled by car sc = i x 2x 12 = 12 ... (ii)

Distance travelled by the truck

s 1 = 10 x /+0 (·: a = 0 for truck)
s 1 = 101 ... (iii)
According to our problem.
sc =s1 => £1 =101
I= 10, 0

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(i) The distance travelled by the car in overtaking the truck is sc; = 10 x 10 = 100m

(ii) The speed of car at t = 10 s

v = u + at= o+ 2 x 10 = 20 mls
(iii) The position-time graph from equation (ii) and (iii) are drawn in the figure.

Position-time graph of car and truck

120

l1oo
80
True : l'
60
l
40 Carj

20 l
j
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Tome(s) _ .

5. A body is said to have uniform velocity, if it c;overs equal distance in equal intervals of time in a partlc;ular
direroon. no matter how small these time intervals may be.

The shape of velocity-time and position-time graph for such motion is given below.

tX
Position Veloci

Tome t -+ Tome 1-+

Positior>-time graph
• Velocity-time graph

6. Distance is a total movement of a body in given time. II is also known as path length.

Characteristics :

(i) It is the actual path length covered by the object.

(ii) It is a scalar quantity.

(iii) It never decreases with time.

Dlsplacamant is the minimum distance between starting position to terminal position.

Characteristics :

(I) It is minimum distance in a given direroon.

(ii) It Is a vector quantity.

(iii) It may be negative. positive and zero.

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For example -A partide moves from A to B then B to C as shown in figure, then
A

s~--------------~.c
Distance = AB + BC
_Displacement = AC
7.

I, l2
Area of the shaded region (ABCD) under v-t

v=v+at1
30=0+ax5
a=6mls2
.,2 - rl- = 2as1
=0 302 - 0 : 2 X 6 X St

30 x30
=> s, = = 75m (Distance travelled during acceleration)
2x6
let the distance covered when the body is moving with uniform velocity iss, and distance travelled during
uniform retardation is ~· then
s, + 52 + ~ = 395
=> 75 + s, + 45 = 395
=> 52+ 120 = 395
=> s, = 395 - 120 =275m

Time taken to cover this distance 12 = ; = ~5

= 9.16 s
let the Ume taken to cover 45 m with uniform retardation = 13
v=O u = 30mls s3 = 45s
= .,2- rl- = 2as
=> 0 - 3()2 : 2 X 8 X 45

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=> a - -30 x 30 - -10 mls2
2 x 45
.. Retardation, a = - 10 mfs2
30
0 = 30- 10 t3 => t3 = 10 = 3s
.. Total time of travelling = 11 + 12 + ~

=5s+9.16s+3s
= 17.16 s
: 17.2 s
9. Velocity-Time Relation
Let the object is moving with un~orm aooeleration and has some initial velocity u and its velocity increases
to v in time t. We plot a graph between velocity and time for the motion.
At t " 0. velocity = u mls
At t = t second, the velocity becomes v mls
y
------------ 8
t v :
I
·E'
0
: I
~ : I
u A-------------1 c I
I
I
IO
~----------~--+X
0 lime_. t
We know that the acceleration ol a body is equal to the slope of the velocity-time graph.
Thus,
BC v-u
a =-=--
AC t- O
v - u =at
Iv=u+at I
This is the first equation of motion.
Position-Time Relation
Displacement of the body(s) =Area under the velocity-time curve
s = Area of MBC + Area of rectangle OACD

s = i x ACx BC +OA x OD

s =~(/ - O)(v - u) + u(t - 0)

2

( ·: v - u =at)

This is the second equation of motion.

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Position-Velocity Relation

The velocity-time graph, the displacement covered by the object In time t, moving with unifonn acceleratioo
a, is given by the area of trapezium OABD.

:. s (OA;BD)xOD = (u;v}t

v-u
but v = u+ at=> t = - -
a

.. s= (u; v ) ( ' : u)

Iv 2 2
= u + 2as I
This is the third equation of motion.

SECTION·B : Objective Type Questions :

1. Answer (2)
The velocity of the car Is equal to slope or velocity-time graph.

Velocity In first two seconds = ~ = 10mls

20
Velocity in next lour seconds = = 5 mls
4

Ratio =~ = ~=2 : 1
5 1
2. Answer (3)
· -+ 20 mlmin B
. Total displacement
Average veloaty = Time taken A 30m/min+-
Total displacement = zero, because the body started moving from A and came baCk to A.
3. Answer (3)
4. Answer (4)
A body cannot have different velocities at same time.
5. Answer (3)
6. Answer (2) r>V
7. Answer (2)
(1) -> Graph shows unffonn speed
(2) .., Rest
(3) -> Constant velocity
(4) -> Constant acceleration
8. Answer (2)
Let the total distance be x.
Total distance travelled
Average speed= Total time taken
X
= --;.,..--:::_.,..,._ km/h
x 2x
- - +- -
3x 20 3 x 60

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X X
X 2X X X
60 + 180 60 + 90

= 60 • 90 = 36 km/h
90+60
9. Answer (3)

Magnitude of velocity = lvelocityj

Speed = !velocity(
:. Ratio of speed to the magnitude of velocity is 1.

10. Answer (1)

Total distance travelled
Average speed =
Total time taken

15+75+ 10 100 _ 100 x 2 k /h

= 15 75 10 3 1
1 5 m
- +- + - - +- +-
30 50 20 2 2 2
Average speed = 40 km/h

11. Answer (4)

Displacement = 0
12. Answer (3)
t.v =5- (- 5) = 10 m/s.
13. Answer (4)
14. Answer (2)
15. Answer (2)
Acceleration = Slope of velocity-time graph.
16. Answer (4)

s =ut +~at2
2

Distance travelled in first 10 s; x, "' ia(10)" = 50a [·: u = OJ

Distance travelled in total 20 s, x1 + x2 = ia(20)'2 = 200a = 4(50a) = 4x1

x1 + x2 = 4x 1
=> x2 = 3x1
17. Answer (1)
18. Answer (2)
19. Answer (2)
A particle cannot possess two velocities at the same time.
20. Answer (2)
If a ball is thrown vertically upwards, then at max imum height v = 0. but acceleration is not zero.
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21 . Answer (3)
---1m
v = u +at

=> a= v - u = (50 - 20) x 1000 = 30,000 ~=~= 0 . 83 m/s2

t 10 3600 36,000 18 6
22. Answer (1)

a = ..:C..:h::,an;;'g'-'e'i-:,.n.,.ve..:l..:oc..:i"-ty
Time taken
If velocity is constan~ !hen change in velocity = 0

0
a = - =0
I
23. Answer (2)
24. Answer (2)
v = u +at
.. ati = S => 30 = u+5a ... Q)
at t = 12 => 58 = u + 12a ...(ii)
at I = 22 => 98 =u + 22a ...(iii)
Subtract (i) from (ii),
28 = 7a => a= 4 rn!s2
Subtract (ii) from (iii),
40 = 10a
=> a = 4m/s2

25. Answer (4)

26. Answer (2)
27. Answer (2)
28. Answer (3)
Correct equation is v2 = u2 + 2as
29. Answer (2)
In 1"' portion of v-t graph, acceleration is constant.
In 2"" portion of v-t graph, acceleration is zero.
In 3"' portion of v-1 graph, acceleration is constant.
These are reflected in (2).
30. Answer (2)
v2- u2 = 2as
v2 - u2
as = (a x sIs the area of lhe graph)
2
31 . Answer (1)

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m,.._
32. Answer {4)
For constant acceleration, 11-1 graph must have same slope at all points, i.e., option {4).
33. Answer {3)
34. Answer {3)
35. Answer {2)
36. Answer {2)

0 1:1 0

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Motion
CHAPTER

Answers & Solutions I

(Level-II)
SECTION-A : Subjective Type Questions :
1. Displacement i s a vector quantity.

2. v =
ltl}

where,

v-> Linear speed

"' _, Angular speed

r-> Radius of circular path

3. let I is the length of the seconds hand.

In 60 s the seconds hand travels a distance 2n1.

Speed = Distance
Time

.. 2nl = 1.05
60

_ 60x 1.05 x 7
1
2x22

441
=-
44

= 10.02 em

= 10 em

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4. If vis the maximum velocity attai ned, then

~- ()2 =2 • 5 • s 1, Also, ()2 - ~ =-2 • 10 • s2

v2 v2
=> s, =10 and s, = 20

=> v2 = 1500x 20 _ 10000

3

=> v = 100 rn/s

.. v = u+at
.. 100 =0 + 5 t, => t, =20 s
0 = 100- 10 12 => Lz = 10 s
.. Total time = (20 + 10) s = 30 s

5. Let the unifonn acceleration =a

For time inteJVal 11

Let initial velocity = u

Then final velocity = u + at,

u + u + af, a~
::::) V.., = V1 = 2 = U+2

.•. Q)

For time inteJVal 12, initial velocity = u + at1

Final velocity = u + at, + at2

... (ii) [from equation (i)]

1
Similarly for time inteJVal t3 , v, = v, + a(t, + t,) ...(iii)
2

.
From equatoons (1'), (11") and ("' v, --
111), - v, = -
t, +-
12
v2 - v3 t2 + t3

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6.
A
"t, B c
Let for the portion AB acceleration be a and time taken be 11 and for BC deceleration be tl and time
taken be 12 • Let maximum velocity be vm
.. vm =at1

Similarly 12 = v;

<X{ll
::). v =- -
m (a+tl)

Let distance AB be s 1 and BC be s2

~ = u2+2as

7. 10 second

8.

9. s = ul + .2.al2
2

1
·: U = O :. s = - a12
2

Let the required time be ~· then

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60(60 + 210 ) : 3 X 60 X 60

60+210 =180

2/0 = 120

fo = 60s
= 1 minute

1o. Let the initial velocity of the bullet be u.

u - ~ u = ~~
The velocity of the bullet after passing through one plank.
2
2
19u) -
( 20 u2 = 2 ax (x - width of the plank]. .. (i)

If the bullet stops after passing through n sucho planks, then

02- u2 = 2 anx ... (ii)
OMde (ii) by (i),

-u2 1
2 2
n- (19 ) - 1 ( 19)
20u - if - 20

~ n_ 20x 20 _ 400 = 10.3

(20 + 19)(20-19) 39

So, the bullet shall stop after passing through 11 &JCh planks. ~

SECTION-S : Objective Ty;pe Questions : ~

1. Answer (1) ~' \

• c?> ... Q)

s."1 = u + 2a[.2(n + 1) - 1) = u + a2(2n + 1) ... (ii)

Adding (I) & (li),

s.... s,.1 =2u ... 2an = 2(u ... an) =50
=> u+an=25
v = u + an (using equation of motion) (v = u + at)

. . v = 25 and -v =-25 =5
u 5
2. Answer (2)
v2 - u2 = 2as

v2 - u2
as = (a x sis the area of the graph)
2
~ -6--afl'hpb·a..IX~
3. Answer(1)

4. Answer (3)

5. Answer (3)
6 . Answer (1)

Distance covered is equal to the area under v-t curve.

Distance covered = .!x 10 x 8 = 40 m

2
7. Answer (3)

8. Answer (1)

9. Answer (3)

Change in velocity = 20 • (-2) = -40 m/s

So,

v - u = -40
v = -40+u
= -40 + 45
= 5 m/s
10. Answer (1)

SECTION-C : Assertion & Reason Type Que!ltions ;

1. Answer (1)

A el • _ Total displacement
verage v ooty- Total time taken

Displacement can be zero, but distance travelled cannot be zero.

2. Answer (3)

An object moving with constant_.accelet:ation can m6mentarily have zero velocity. But if an object is moving
with zero acceleration it means lhat the velocity is constant, but not zero.

3. Answer(1)

This graph is not possible because it is showing two values of velocity at the same time which is not
possible.

4. Answer(1)

In circular motion, the speed of the body may be constant but the velocity is not constant because direction
of motion changes with time.

Reason is the correct explanation of the statement.

5. Answer (2)

The particle changing its position with time does not define uniform motion. In uniform motion, an objecl
travels equal displacement In equal interval of time.

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SECTION-0 : Match the Columns Type Questions :
1. Answer (1)

If the position-time graph is a straight line parallel to time axis. H represents that the position of the body
is not changing with time therefore, the body is at rest. If the velocity-time graph is a straight line parallel
to time axis, It represents velocity is constant therefore, uniform motion. If the velocity-time graph Is a
straight line inclined at an angle of 45• with time :axis, it represents uniform acceleration. The position-time
graph parallel to position axis is not possible because, it represents different positions of the body at the
same time.

2. Answer(1)

3. Answer (3)

4. Answer (1)

5. Answer (3)

D 0 0

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