!
" # $

   



  

            !"
"12#$!  % !& ' ()*+ ,-$ ./ 0'

     



            ! "# $% &
4( 5   !65
6   (7( " 89 .'( )* +, $-.& / 012
 A$ * B< C@" D: .)"$*: ';; 87(<= 8 > ?@1&: 8 12
.$E 5: FG "  HI 5JK L(<*
4U: . " , M,N OPQ RF5 (G 5JK L(<* STJ A , 0:
[(\(] ?^&   Y 'ZU M,@J  ':U M,@J ! Y M,N 'FV $WW1X&
Q UK: 'E : ',E D: '"U_ 7D :.2: !: 5 ] '1_
M +, @0$  R_ "  aXF " 'Z  M,N OUT : .'J5JK "1`<:
E0 ' V( '5;. M < @"@& +,: b5JK L(<* Cc  $dF P1JK
.5JK L(<* e2 O _  f 5&
]  $dF PJK A%J     5JK L(<* M G5&:
E +, bjklm A,  8h2J P  b   i]U 7: . 1 1g
U % "  p:  E qE i*&: .5JK L(<* '"n @"@  A% J: o12 ]
M   Mv2J jkuk A, P : .5JK L(<* M08 J rs t19
' Q M ;: . 5JK L(<* (%  ! U w \( : '"$f7 MD1* x1 F
h5 x F] ((< ^y ! U ,  Mz_ Z    5JK L(<*
: M ;] {$|"|  }v " ^y D.G !: .5JK L(<* Cc  U 1w
! e$ +,: .    'zy M$K A%J : 5JK L(<* M"D:
HE : ~y $< H 'T  ME5& 8, Bf€&€ M"D( 8 5|&| ! 
 U(_< †] "'E8„ Eh7 ‚FZ" ^ " 8  #0 9 b< 5 ‚Fy : ~1y
ˆK  RF5 (G PG: .jkl‡ A   MJ_*: M?  '17T&
."^Z" 8Tz(] ',(Ff rPG   8

-1-
C Q < "     'zy M$K A% 1 †15& 17:
b ‚Z M( 5 C(f9 .7( '\  5JK L(<* C(* p:  a1(d‰
h5  p:  E ‹ rF J ( T"   ] 5JK L(<* ^Z Šf ;
 7: 'E0w : ] A ,K MD*: }  'V$2 A Œ ; H B< ‚H " ,
 '7$ M7 U8f\: Š(2 CTV J: {$2 !, Š9  ;] 5 
] '_: 5JK L(<* M08 J  (d‰ ‚e ,T :U: ‚H0 ME c
E ‹ +, 5JK L(<* M08 J ‚-v&: 5JK L(<* A$ *: 17  $1<T
. 
R;: 'FV C(* 'T  \(  'Ž; i*$V b ‚Z '1J: :
E, [(\: "@&  4@|"|  !dI: ']‘ 'DU AE GD PG ^ ": .^y E,
.^y E, C(* $ [$f|&| D.; ju !, M] '<-( rPG A <&: .^1y
'Ž; ’&: .',$T 8 Q: 5JK L(<* ' Q E] 'Ž; rPG ! U , B ":
(J< 8\:: G Z 'T0: 8E,: ^y] }"$  H1 h15 1`"
.)z_ Z:

 
  

MŽG ! ',$9 'ŽG aG ("' q" ] a" E9 E5) 5JK L(<* ' Q
JQ •‹ —2 ""  +,   LH – ": .a,E D: OU_ 7D •‹
v2J 7: . " 5JK L(<* @"@&  !: a,E D: OU1_ 7D C1‹ 
()

L(<= †& *: b "PT &  Q bjkl‡ A1,  C: t,E 1  b•1‹
: .(d* H˜ !  q &G }v &  $<&: . $ @0$„ 'JH: 5JK
•‹ 8FŒ " ':U m™ aH˜ 5JK L(<* ' Q '"(`, `& b$1\‰ i17(
. a,E D: OU_ 7D
()

-2-
;]  '9:$ ',$T 8 ŽG b $ˆF 8 "(d& R<, b' q Mv2J:
' q" ;] a" E9 8 2) 8 "n: 5JK L(<* @"@  ',$T ' 1q
C:  8FŒ & ‚FZ š‡ ! }v & / b',$T ' q  M 1;: .("'1,$T
› <&: ' q œ Sv& M; ] A< 8 ] ! Mz_ Z ' b' q  `,
.Mz( 
 S /  ! $ T  }   ]; ' ;  "( ; ' q E s:
}   b•f5e/ž  ]; '-#-  ',$T ' q E s: ."$]/15J
.',$T ' q: ' q 'J 8Tz(] 5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T E&: .`"

  
+, ' q M@0 bG 8, h: aT9 . 5 $ +, ' q E, ‚X& <
L(<‰ a #,K Š:$2 M ,: .5JK L(<= '<  'T Œ ‚" \:
H: ';5: 'J  L(<‰] Ÿ * B " !"P :  !1" 8: 15JK
a5h$ O  Fz b<] ¡S ]: .'9<H: ',E D: '"U_ 7D L(<‰]
•‹ E , jklu A, : .5JK L(<* M08 JD O _  (G ' q A1
$ O S¢D 'f; '" ' q i5" tJ +, – " $7 a,E D: OU_ 7D
. "5JK L(<= B & 4(dˆ O rs
()

ž(  ! '"U$T 4:d2 ! U , bjk‡m A,  bi<& ' q  ‚e

 bRF5 P£ bM$f\ 7: .4:d2 ¡& x F 'hG o(X` i\$&: <"$9
+, `< jk‡u A,  ¥: .'"$_  '`<] ¤F&$& h5 'Q M$ \:
L(<* '* x F –_ , ^Z B"$9 ' q Mv2J * M(1%¦ 1*
a<"$9 ž( Q  '‰ C* {$_  RV 4U: . a<"$9 ž( Q  5JK
()

. ()
U w  ] C(* ', '27  $  '‰] $7K 

-3-
aT9 .jkum A,  D 4$Z '* O 'Q ' q !5 "  t1J ‚1e
\ tˆ( ] ( 5e: C$ Q jku™ A,  aˆ  t] A7 OP ž#<JD ž1<,
'* ';  __ #, <"$9 jkum A,  ' q Mv2J bO 1 •1h$
 B"$T w ‚FZ: ~Z $< * jkuk A, : .aˆ  5JK L(<*
B"$T ' q Mv2J bjk§¨ A, : .aˆ  T Œ ~Œˆ ‚_ x1 F
.  ©   O$5< T ZD MD* ';  bT ZD MD= ª 
M"  O _  ^Œ M 2J  'JE 'U i««7 b‰ ¡1S P 1:
(© +, M rPG A%J BFf& ­" ] ¥: . © ¬ˆ  5JK L(1<*
. "@  M08 JD Cdˆ  R; & x= 8Td&: d ] $H0
MD* ';U 'E8  G: ,5 5JK L(<* ^® ' q  15&:
'* ¯ G iJ0 Žˆ ^y D.G E, '_* iJ°(° 0 b 5 $ +,: . U 1w
+, 5JK L(<* ±UF BFf& œ  " / R;  (G: D t1 " 1ˆ
4( 5 +, ',(\(: ‚ 5 M27  ;   PG vG: .17( ²
 * ! ‚H0  M(d5 +, :^ !"P b" ` [&: .p:  a(d‰
! rS¢ aXF "  C(* M(d‰  (  ;; dˆ E0 b8 Ez !, ($³
.'"E‰ @"@  ';(E ‚] &
p(* A <": .^y E, 5JK L(<* ' q '"( 5 :  ´7 1&:
µ] A 7: . ¯("(J   g ' 'EQ  `" G$"<& ^y x-
.  g ]  ! •c  M( b'¶ ‚e (_] b^y
! "
#$
% &
'(
) *+, -./ 



$ +,: 8h2J P  b5JK L(<= '    @8 M 81ˆ
U , z: bš¨¨¨ ^E9(J/H !"$2& aT9 .·(  d2] 87fJ Š5& b 5
l™  ] 5JK L(<* Cc  ^Œ0 5 : C$ ! (E" !1

-4-
'<  h5 ! Š(  ';: 'ThV afX& '"D: ™‡ 8 M ;: . ‚FZ: ‚FZ
L(<* ' Q iJ0: .',E D: ';5: '"U_ 7D: '9<H: 'J  L(<‰1]
b' 'EQ ) ; *: '"D:  H ;] bM"D(  M ; / aG 5JK
.' 5 M,N  CTV ¯$ˆ] '<  '"D( aG
'‰] ª ^y B"$9 jk‡u A,  iŽ2J  P  b' q i; 7:
b$\‰ i7( : . U w '"$f7 MD* ';U  Œ;  <& b<"$9 ž(  
'"$f< M"D( rPG Ed 5|&|: . ^Z  5 4$Z '"$f7 '"D: jl ¯ 1G
( )

L(<‰ ! ';: 'Thf] B & ,(\( šš afX& '  \( –1¢ M1"D(]
'"D: A 7 9 br$0S BF; E0: .',E D: '9<H: '"U_ 7D: ';5: 'J 
b¡S ]: .O$5< T ZD MD= i<&: jk§¨ A,  M 1; /1 a1G
bž$7 i7: : .';5: 'J  L(<‰] 'fF&$ h5 +, D: ' q M@0
%  7(: .'9<H: ',E D: '"U_ 7D L(<‰ +, AE 1GD R1_J
',E D: '"U_ 7D L(<‰ Cc  iJ0 jkkm A, P  15 M1"D(
.'9<H:
RF5]: MD‰ µ]  b!d: . *: ‚FZ  '"D( 5|&|  U1,:
! ' '7$9 }v &: .#, ^Z B"$9 ' q —2 & b$%  7 'v5 '1FV
 ] •Ey 'E7K M,(E‹ ! ',(Ec 0 !, U$9 O bU$9 '15¸
.']$X ]::: '7$2 ]::: bº"d: ' &# d"$: b; : ,<"$9 a1G:
MD= ª  B"$T Ÿ ^y '7$9 ! <"$9 E" b$1\‰ i17( :
.aT5  ?q *D] ª  B"$T: O$5< T ZD
Cc  E @0$&  F µ] C:* b ‚Z M( 5 4  +1,:
'E   B‰ Fz b¡S +,  ]: .'E ] 'fF&$ h5 +, 5JK L(<*
¡& ! '* 0 aT9 .\ AE G \( ad£ }d ] 'fF1&$ h15:

-5-
p:U , B"$9 !: < 5 ‚FZ ! }v &  Fˆ MS '1 1(& MD1‰
‚e ME% : F7$: C:  EQ '*( T ' '7$9 rPG '"(`,: .a(d*
.'(d‰
&
'(
2 1  0
L(<* Cc  ?F M_Œ2 ! G ‚FZ l™ GU , »F ^y
bh`< :.5 F0 ^y ] !: . ‰ a*  ¬ˆ  (E ": 15JK
(<];: (* `,: ("U_ 7 ^Z: (w: (IU0: b<]5: ‰
 (E " G: .    T¼( F0 + 7: b'(d* ‚e ME% 1 
: .M‚FZ  ZD U(8Q ! "@ CP] b ‚Z M( 5 : .BV 1 1
.M‚FZ j¨ ¯ G $\‰ i7(
;< 9 b4$Z  '"D: ! } ³ @0$  \(  ! e$ +,:
 M Z › <& +, (_"$* 4( 5 (9 U$9 ½ (G ^y ] ¯$ 12
 ( ": (J< @0$ •T ]  ( E " G: .]< :U   
t: +, U°°  ½ 88 {# Z ! e$ +,: .aE%  d£ •TJ 1V
b ­8  •TJ * Re  (<Ff" ½9 8 ;U ž(f '  1<9: '17 
.a" ˜ ` ; EF5*

&
'(
)  456
7  3

. ^y +, 'T  ME5& ' q Bf& bt ˆK i<F1; EF15*
H˜ : A  H˜ : < 5 ‚Fy : ~y $< ME5  rP1G E12&:
+, O(f & D ½ E0 aT¼: ¾ & O !, 'T Œ ME5  rPG $6F6& D: .' q
. ';5 M\:TE 'q J U$c ½ ] b‚Fy  5 Mf5 +, 'DU '"
. 5JK L(<* ' Q M$7  ¿_& ½ ‚Fy  5 '"D( (G —ˆ 1G:

-6-
'd2  +, : M08 J !, $"<& U , +, M"D( rPG @0$&  !dE9
$H0 : z_ Z ! ­"@ +, : ' <  ,5 › <&  'Ÿ5 +, : b' 
.Mz_ ZD rPG !
&
'(
8 59 :;
1  
. ‚Fy  Œ; ! U À OP (G '"D( —2  a(d‰ p:  $< 
e$ +,: .' q aH˜: zy !"$< U   ³ OP (G ' q •1h$9
U(" $< 9 b' q R d  •h$ :2 " v] a`<" O5 {$  !
Xˆ  ": .‚T; 'F&$ ! a;(]U U, (G ' q •h: .•h$  '"8  
.' q R d  'H˜  aG: 'E7K M,(E‹ ] ž: ] •h$ R_ 
^y µ]: A  aH˜  ³ OP (G  g A :
.5JK L(<‰ a5 ²(T ! 'z(& +,  ] b< 5
 aXF " b¡P: .'"D( '7 _ 'F5 ] '¶* 'v5 ‚F1y 1 Z:
#" $<& 7: .5JK L(<= '<E, '"U t: 4( 5 9 _Œˆ ‚Fy (1d"
' T 8" O U$T '_Œ2: ' 8 MT_  b^y  Z , bAE GD
. "@  A ,: '#< ;D: 'GN: '"D( Cc  ^y:
( )

<=(
*+, >  ? @$ A    

M"D( ²$ ;  ": b'__Œ '"$f< M"D( "( ; ' q ²$ 5&
UE , ' q +,  " '"D( 'z(: .M( ; Á#- 0 '  \(„ 'fF1&$
.87f ] }"$ : '"D( " q ] U w $7
½ 8 "D: ! ^y µ] T,K C:  µ] ¤X`& b‰: ‰ ]:
L#VK +, F7 ! Á À : .89 5JK L(<* '* U< J  (V$T" ½ 4$&

-7-
$E 5"  !dE ! 0 jkkk A, ¬*: .t "D: ! ‚FZ O •h$ +1T, 
.'"; '"D( M$E ; V Šf<J #] t E8  ‚Fy
O '"D( 4(_<  (d&  ' q M$7 bjkkk "$]/5J :
'F5 ] i7. ‚] 0 '9\ M( ; Á#- +, $< –J: .M( ; i; aG ‚FZ
 `" ' q M$7: .i5 M( 5 `<J +, 8 "D: i9$ˆ !"P ^Œ
¡S B< "  +," b`" ' '7$9  ^y ' Z  ž: & ¯ G (1d"
. "'< J M( ; Á#- $ 9 4  +, '  M(f®
( )

2 @-B C 
!BD &
'(
> 5*   

A<] 8\(T&:   8 6& !"P 5JK L(<* ^Z _À D
A< (F<" G: . ¡S ]< 4$Z ' v9d '" : ( '" +1, 818„
   E, v] 8 , 7: 5JK L(<* rs 8@  Bf  ! 88„
.Š\: 5  OU."  !dI C‹ PG

<=(
 EFD  

¡S: b 5 M"D( 0  E R; ] L5&D !  7 ¯ 1G
}z( 'T  Xz A Œ 5& M"D( 'Ž12  M$1<  !1 e$1 +1,
¾(½  b 5 :$„ b(z( "   ^1y Šf 1; 17: .M1z_ ZD
O( 5 ^y ŠE  E , bjkkk A, : .8E] Š#f\# U w Mq8 :
.E R; 8 ] ! ( ' _T ] !66F" #U U5
( )

: b' q H b':  '(d‰ MŽ£  $"<& ^y 1 A 1<":
µ] M"D: a` <&: .)z(&: ) ; v2] b  g ' '1EQ
:$Z F " E ] '"$%  M;  $ +, ;; 8E G :@0$"  ^1y
.'E a*(  +, @0$& ­G 

-8-
((<": bAE G# ‚H h5 ';U: x=  (<E " ^y %:
L(<* M08 J " \ ! 4:dˆ ! tJ(< "  (1; ": '"$1f7 M"@1]
bMD‰ µ] : ." ` D.G !, '] ] M(d‰ 4  (Z ": b5JK
.ª<  :  ­^] `" ^y az("
  ()
a;; $_ , (G 5JK L(<* M08 J " \ !, '] ] Z  
,  Â ¯8 JD  +, 'DU Ov9 .5JK L(<* Cc  E $1z , !1
'* {:$¼  B< ]   A7 U$c : 8E G -: 1 1
.M?:q  * \( * µ]  90 J(d"  !dI b' 
L(<‰ ¯8 J Á: = '  M,U: M( ^y 1% +< 1":
08 J   ] S '(d‰  ', M J (8(" bMD‰ µ] : .5JK
: ] 'h (© (8(" ^y µ]: .Á À  ¡ˆ: +, 5JK L(<‰ E5
O F (<Ff" ¡P] G: .h;$ rPœ U, ' q (XF" G: .' ; 10  1J
M( U_ '":5  ~$9 '1*& ^1y C:1À: .L15&D: '9T12
'<  M08 JD ! 'T  Š(J +, MD‰ µ] O(f &: .'  M(d :
.GU(8 B5 & +, ^y °q ° 2|"| bF< PG ! MD* : .^Z , M"D(]
   (ž)
: .ª F "? '"$f< '"D( ::S ^y 8,$" / M"(: !
8  b4$Z  ] "@] ((<" Ph ,: õ9$] "@ RV Ä]Ä<" * µ]
. '_ O:S ,T $h;: Ž#  M#]< $K bª F :‹  F
.' 5  &$ : $ '   F ^y :@" v]   'J@ E15&:
.M"@ ! "@„ A< 'J@ !, 'Z MF&$& * µ]  `"  &:

-9-
Mz_ Z 8E2& /  F "? \(„ (  ^y $<" 17:
d U,   'J@ E5&: .M( ! tJ(< "  ; +, b8 "D:
 F "?  '"$f< M"D( ::S ^y +5": . "$f7 &"? $] ‚FZ
! : 85TJ ^y ! UF„  "@ RV Åv": . BV 1 1 
. U w $7  5JK L(<* ' Q RJ
(  )

] O  'E8  (8( " D 89 .'¶ A8„ D ^y f1`" D:

 B"$9  B5 ] U, M"@ % &  ": .'_ ΠMf5 '1<9( :U
R d :  g ~y B5  t;$" OP: bª F  U(( 1
.a#,K  
+, (d‰ ‚e: (d‰ ,T  )"?  - ^y  1":
MÆ2  C(ZU ¡S  „ bM"$  $ '"$= 8 > O:$` !: .(; *
.'(d‰ ‚e ME%  aHE„ C_&D: b?q *D @0$: (q5 H '_ MS
O `³ Dv] M 0v& '  '(d‰ ! (Ff" ^y  t, { 1 !1:
: ž< : ¾,?K : " 8  b' ¶$ : '"U$T t T_] b8 1& –Œ1ˆ
 ¡S: bœ A< $< ! 0 M"? X T] ¥ 7: .'h`< '1<*#
A$ *D : '  !0  C(z( '"$= ^Œ [E5  5 !d&  M(d‰
M"@ '#,K 'fX  OU.&  ‚H0: .8E, t] 5 " OP < 15 ]1f
.A Ç<    _ @0$  5JK L(<= '<  h5 ¾U  '"$f<
S '0$ 2 M"@] A< ^y ! ' q Rf& b1* µ1] :
U   02 aG U ¦ '‰ 8, O(f & / 5JK L(<* 02 i1J0
(E&  M,N L;  F< PG ! '0$ 2 M"? M$ 17: .U1]
T !  85TJ ^y 4$" b* µ] : .'<]5 9#;(e(": '7$12
.^y ] B5  Cdˆ ! d2 Pœ R*$  aXF ": .'0$ 2 MHF] A<

-10-
    !" #  (¾)
Cc  8<Ff  'q* MS ‚": ,(7 \:  ^y µ] +15"
 ZU !"U$2 ~Œˆ] ª A g ~y HE E, <9 .81E,
'<  'J(J< ,(< ! ',(Ec : U ,K :  J(J< ^y ! B"$9
±UF U ,K ;v0 ,(< rPG ~y HE A Œ 1; È b1ZU "$12 ]
iV* bjkk§ "$]/5J : .ZU !"U$2 ~Œˆ '"n v2] '8(&
R* OP MD0( ] '0$ 2 'Eh  ' q $<]: ±UF rPœ E, ' 1q
85c '02„ 8<Ff& +, ' q  `, MD0( qˆ: ±UF1 rP1œ
Mf5 : C:  (H˜ œ ˆ$ 5" E0 ±UF rPG i\|:| 7: .'"P1T 
'(d‰ ‚e ME% : '(d‰ ':  ME% : U$9: M,(E‹: 4$1Z
.ZU "$2 ] 'fF&$ h5 'Q ,
'5¸ ! °(° d baT5  ?q *D] ª  B"$T \: bH1]:
bjkkk ^E5"U/C: (J0 m  'Z. m 7 t :  aT9 .E V b^Z
a5E  aT5  ?q *D MD* 'Q ‚" B"$T \: bCH F1; +1,
:.2 '5   '\(T  B5 ] ¥ OP bE PG 0: .(q
.'(d‰ ‚e ME% : C:  ! U , RJ ! R*$& \( bŽ#
 !" (U)
F_": .)z(&: ) ; v2] M(d‰  M(* ^y <"
O _  '?# UK 8"   +,   M(d‰ A <&  ,  1T (1‰
'(d*  bCH F; +, b¡S ! .^y 8 , ž$, / B< t: '1" É
'V$2] D:.5 b F t&"?  - bR"P  'v5„ ª ~y $<E i °,  0
 - ~y $< C:.5 PG B9: ,~y $<  B5  9 4( 5 +1,
b¯8 J !, 'sJ Š\:  _  '"(9 ME&  z] MF;  ,  A7: t H]

-11-
?q * @q w –Œˆ !, ¾$9K : !"@q ¦ µF ' 'Ff '",$1 H1
.']  M$ ! CT $K Pœ  , ~y $< $7: .T5&
.^y Mz(&: M ;D '9d ']  +, A%  '9 E 1&:
/ Mz( ] 'Eh7 ª"  R_ ] ª ~y $< , bCH F1; +19
› <& 8  FV M(d‰  '":U 'T_] Mz(  rPG À (G: .r$"$<& 8 E`&
b­" ] (: bPT & E0 GS¢ A@ & : )P¢ /1 ‚] 1 1]: )<1&
( 6E`" G: .'-˜ R; (<Ff" :$Z ^Z PZ: .8 2 M1z( 
.M(d‰ RJ ! 9 U:U ! (< "  G$"<&
$%&'( )* +   ( G)
a` <& " , M"D:  ¡S .G *: C:  +, ^y & $_ <" D
bš¨¨¨: jkk‡ a, ] ET9 .'(d* ‚e MJ0    8 5|&| !˜
M08 JD !, $"<& C(_  5JK L(<* '= '  '< 5 ‚Fy i 7
M$K `" i: &: . F ¡S  M2 U7: ž$‰ E,? 8Fd& /
. C(_  '"@0$ '(d* že ¼    MD10: 1)P¢ /1
':  M(< v] 'h< M,U# jkk§ A G$"$<& ! ‚F0 @ i__Z:
.C(_  GU(:  - M08 J iFd&
. ':  M5;. M"D( ! "@  U , C: " b$\‰ i17( :
b' y (" : ad£ }d : 'E ] 8  B "  'zZ: bM"D( µF9
p:  ¡ F M5;. H b' M5;. M;; ‚-v1& '1;U  { 1)
'f<J ½ aG M"D( rPG 'E7: .5JK L(<* +, bp:  < 1 L: 1z:
.h5 rPG C(* Ç<  L#fJ

-12-
 %&'( )*  #," -. (:)
A%  #hG E,U ' V(: 'E7K: ':  '(d‰ ‚e ME%  A 1<&
@0$ 5JK L(<= 'E 8 '(d‰ ‚e ME%  i *: .'1zy M$1K
!, ';; M(: M# A <& aG: . U w M"D: 2J] U    _
A(<": . U ¦ \( ! ‚Hd] B " E9: " ,  ]  5JK L(<* '*
M(d‰  * ! ‚H0  ½(À: M( rPG !1 B< 1] ^1y
'¦ G$h:U  (8EQ }"$ ] '(d‰ ‚e ME%  A(<&: .18h E 1D
PG @"@  '(d‰ ‚e ME%  t <& OP ‚Fd A8;K +%À: .^y 1E]
^ ": .  : ^y: M(d‰ RJ ! Lf  ;( $" < ] A% 1
E2" D 9$ , š¨¨¨ A,  5JK L(<* !, 9  v12] '1"D: 12J
`" E2" ] R5 9 '(d‰ ‚e ME%  RJ ! 8 , †e D / 'Ÿ15
}"(Œ : ¾,?Ê (\$ " 5JK L(<* !, 9  ! !"‚H10  '<1<*
‚9(& :$`] {$ , tJ E0 b5JK L(<* Cc  81E] 817 RF15]
.£ '"E‰

<GH &
'(
I  
/

/ MD‰ +, b' q  G$"<& C#Z ! b(` ^1y ¤15"
'‰ 'E667 M# +, G$"<& O(f & b* ! ‚H0 : .B< +, x1F&
AE G $"<  µ] iT 5&: .t ] Š(\( v2] : t ] ]  5JK L(<*
µ]: . ':    R;  (  +, ¾ |&  "`7  p:  E ‹
(  )

. £ 'F5 ] 5JK L(<* ¯8 J] M,UD U(&: ;D] " ` U  $"< 
E, 0 !Ž: ." ` !, '] ] ^y ! "  Z " b' 5  1 +1,:
4@|&|  P  !E9 b‚X   85& '9U (7 b* ! ‚H0  b^ " ^1y
}7( & ‚H0 ( ¯ 89 . *: ,  5JK L(<* Cc  ';(E ­h 1 

-13-
M08 JD rs p:  E ‹:  ]    E ‹: M(d‰ 9 U:U +1,
.)z(&: ^y M ; rs:
D p:  E ‹  " ` F" z(  d2] '  '* ';U  ‚e
L(<* (d8  " bPdG: .8% !, ‚F  'z$T 8f": b8 w Gq 1"
89 5JK L(<* q; – 9  '  Mf5 &: .'F7$ i ½ 5JK
µ]  b¡S OU.": .'J5JK: 'hÂK: ';5 MF ,D +, ‚-v& t (d;
.`9 (© ‚X  : '5 5  b*
+, b¡S ! .$dF PJ ']H„ ^y $"<& (d& b* 1% :
A ,K: `< LfJ ¾Z A ,K MD= ª ~y $<  bCH1 F1;
',EQ U]K ME, ŠD J F7  J:$ "@] A7 T5& : @( M$1]
T U p:  E ‹ F" : .‚fZ a7$, } , ! Á À E, $"$<& A 7: b89
.A£ $dF PJK PG ? R; 
"  q ": .^y 8<<À / ';(E ­h  +, " , 'H ¯ G:
(J0 aT9 ." ` {_J +, ,5  b'"$f< M"@1  1- b8 1
 5JK L(<* '= ª ~y $< Ë bCH F; +, bjkkš $" "/H
A ,K '](<, " F ] Ì RË •h$ ! a;h $17  1_ ;   15JX9
., š¨  !q5] '](<,  _Œˆ jjl (© +, '\:$T
JKL5
2 M
) N OPC &
'(
Q 


Uz U w M$7  ' \( U w A8„ Š#f\D ^y ! R1f|"|
88„ (f`" : 8 "D: U: = (@ "  8  7( |": .  1 !1,
+%À C#< ;D PG: . a(d* ‚e : a(d* ‚-v& O !,  ] A1& C#< 1;]
o$ˆ (G: .'(d‰ ‚e ME% : M(d‰: " ` RJ ! »] $" < ]
(  )

-14-
A b  g A  !, '] ] b7 EF5*: .'"D( U [q  t  ]D
L(<* Cc  '"D( ž z UU$  A  C#< ;D D(" ':  C 1 '1Edw
5JK L(<‰ ':  ‚" M08 J !, ¿#]K  (zy :$<: 5JK
. "œ "  :
(  )

b!"$Z ,T  (‰: B5   ² " D C#< 1;D  ‚1e

G <&:   M$7 q2&: .   '(%  ZU 'zZ 'T_]:
A  ! +$"  U, bM"D( 'Ž2  M$< : .(‰ '7 +, (<]
! p , : a;5 ,  b;; b¡S ! 8T|"|: .^y E ,  › <&
g '5 '\(T ! ' < ,5 ¡P0:  g '1"U '1J@
,  › <&   MD0: ¬ˆ ! `" Rf|"|: .5JK L(<‰ 1
.^y E
GU(:  -: Ã^y E, 85& 5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T ( &:
. 8E, 85& ª F    p:.5 ‚F0 ( " '1J  MH1] 
¯("(J    'J  'E%  M:2 `" ^y ! "  O$1‘:
g ']  '"$f< '7$9 ! A < ,  D(: .'__Œ  MD0( ¬ˆ 1:
. ‚H0 M](_ 5JK L(<* Cc    ^Z E, ²°$°   b 1
l  i$] 5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T  bCH F1; +1, b¡1S !1
8F(„ : " ahÂK   ­J$]  GT& $0P jkk§ 1/S
!" <-: J:& 5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T  ahÂK   ­J$1]
A%J V  \(„ '<  M"D(: '"$f< M"D(  '  RJ( PT & 
  ­J$] ] :  ! ²$X: ."' '7$9: 'zy M$1K
a_<& MH] T0: '9 U"? (G 5JK L(<‰ '5 '1\(T: ah1ÂK
'¦ ahÂK   ­J$] R&d A <&: .5JK L(<* Cc  Bh1<‰

-15-
U:@": .œ Š#f\D  -: MHF] Š#f\D F7 /5(: a,(\( 1, 
.)"? $<  F v2] t"  '*  <  L:: r$"< ] `" MHF ­J^
&
'T U 
RS!
 

Cc   g M"D(] (f`" !"P ^Œ (J< } _  
M?  '7T&  U(_< †] "A8„ (Eh7 ^Z" ½ (G 15JK L(1<*
8 "D(] 8,#f\ $ 9 C(V ^y  E ": .jkl‡ A   MJ_*:
U  b( ' !E\ b " ] ' F: 8 T¼(] 'J$ < MJ_‰: M? D]
:a"  E2& aG: .'7T&D ! šš Š$T ! ';U5
8   U_ !: _Œˆ G?q *: 8T7(& ! 'J1_‰ (1)"
Ã'_Œ2
MJF] B " E9 'J(J< M$K Š(J  ! 'J_‰ (3)
V  œ ((<" / C9]: 8 , U_ '"$"$ 1 : '"(T12
 ‚Fy M Z 8 J ] ¬* 'J_‰ rPG $E 5&: .8 E8 8 1"Uv&
à  g œ f\ / 'E8
ÃBh-(: L: EÉ 5 A , (4)
 ] )D_& ²$e ?($ ( Œ 5"   8<* (.)
 : ';(]  'F<‰ * B"$V !, M#;$ : L: A# ; :
Ã'(  Rh<*
'E : º  <  +, U(<] '<  M#815  •1TJ ( 5)
Ã' 7. '¶ MH]  !" 9( 'F  M(d‰ aHE '*( E:
'*( E: '_Œ2 8  v] '<  M#85 : MJ_‰ •TJ (-)
.";(]  -(FE

-16-
O2 ; O Š(\( )J_*: ' q ^Z M?  iJ0 b$Z.:
8" 'Ed¦ M z bjkkk "$]/5J šk aT9 .':  C  'Edw !,  z
`< C#< ; 'v5„ ª ~y $< ba(;(0 A1] (1&U '1`7 
Rf µ"(  q* »] b"@  ‚82& 4:,U , r \ i9|| OP b¦:
.ad"$ D:U jjš¨¨¨ œ B  $` !, t]
'7T& ! šš Š$T ! ';U5 U  ':  C 1 '1Edw M:
a(;(0 5 '`7 +, "BFf  'F:" )J_*:
(  )
  M? 
Cdˆ ! d1ˆ O 1\ 'J1_‰]  1E  t B11À" t1J  M1ˆ:
$2|J|: t i"$ ']<  - t , U_ F] B " E9 "'J(J< M$1K
International " ',(Ff !jkkm $11FE9(J/H !11"$2& U 11,  8_J
 RF5 "  a(;(0 5"v] 'Ed¦ i`7: ."Commercial Litigation
'zZ 'T_]: b'"@ 0¦ t, 8 \$9 / ' }1d  v12] $1\ O
O$ ¿#]] 'Ä@Ä  '"@ "'(d‰  'Ed¦ M: ."'F"$` '\y }d 
B&, +, '7( ':  M@ D STJK ¡S: '"@ 0 E1 O12 ;D
. "a(;(0 5 œ  E " / 'J_‰ A$ *D: b"@
( )

V
!WX :M &
'(
 Y9  
8

! •9 .a;; ] MS h5 (Q" 15JK L(1<* ^1Z 
µ]  CÎ5& \( 8E, U(: ^y ?© A , (d"  bp ] ž$X 5
.*
i7(  ba,$&: ^y E, +, {$ˆK 5JK L(<* ' Q >:
! 'J_‰] ( E ": (< 5 ½: 88 ! ^y T, ?(‘ D tJ bt15TJ
‚Fy E] R*$ ]  M$7 PŒ &: G$"<&  $% & aG: .'J(J< M$K
Y jkkk $ T 4  +,: .t] E, 'V*K U$q„ : t MU< 1JD t1( ] :

-17-
 M E , b¡P 'q J: .^y E , \$ ; ' 1q M$1 bš¨¨¨
iÏ: .^y E, T0 5  '$ M$< ! U , š¨¨¨ "$]/5J
M"D( ž z 'F5 ] 8 ˆK B]5 ' @ 8 "  E  ‚] 1
.G Z , 5h  d2" ^y C#< ;  +, 0v  $d&:
'27   g ' 'EQ V  O$s b¡1S  '91\K]:
! „ bA8  !" 9( ^y  +, 8<Ff& A@ |"| ¯(5 ,(<] 'J:  Š:$2
r ] OP a5h$ e2: . 5JK L(<* Cc 
( )
  ^Z 89
(,9 ½ '<<* R;  (  +, a,$" D tJ (G 'J:  Š:$2 rs ^1y
(< " p ]: $ (\< " !"2 5 (5: b$1 (1\< " D: (< 15
5 '"D( Mz_ ZD <9: (9$_ "  8  a` <& 8 E8  ¡S .ME&
.5JK L(<* (J7: h7( ; +,: bG$hE\ 8, t> : 8
bjkk™ A, P : .8E ÅP %  !  7 `" ^1y 1I:
(H F" bM,E D ¡& : .)"D(] 'fF&$ h5 C(* ´7  "( ; (E ‘
²(T  M27  `" :$‘: .8E, Bh$V H b¯$ 2 AE GD MS Ð_
1   MŽG ;Î: 5JK L(<* ' Q R d: 5JK L(<‰ a5
';;   M G R(„ v2 : b5JK L(<= '  '1" G 
M,E D rPG —): .'(d‰ ‚e ME% : b 5JK L(<* Cc  i5
( )

.£ C(* U‘  a5: 02 !, x"  'z$9

&
'T  5
@8


9
¿$T  ; +, }h¼: (X2" ( 8 1G ^1y   $% 1]
­&J ',(J 9 bi7( ! @ ; +,    )1 Z (1 <":
'5 '\(T ! tJ(< " OP ,  ',(J +, b‚F0 *  b E 1& 81E,
b$\‰ i7( : .E P£ (T¼( 8;$d" / $ T +,: 5JK L(1<‰

-18-
 *: '"D(] Š#f\D +, ,5E *: }¼( M Z › <& '\(T f 5&
.¿$T  ; +, ' 5  E, (8ˆ '-#- CU& $ T
˜ ^0 R] A%  E A ,  '* 'Ñ  C:  '1Fe ¯ 1&:
M"D: 2J :$\ J* ²$T& 5JK L(<* MD*  ‚e .tWEW  f 15"
'*  U(  U"? 8F0(& D / b 5 M"D( U , U"? OU.&: . " 
.5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T B&, +, '9\ F, <  b, 
 - ,5„ b';U U , !"‚FZ ! '\(T iFV bjkkk A1, :
S¢] ';  iz:: .8 F& 'T0: ' Ò ^y M * v2] bT¼( !
'9 5: Ã' M  '9 U"@ ‚] & :A%  @"@ 1 ‚1] & '15¸
–_¢ C#Z ! ,  U"?: Ã']  Bh$V 5: ñ(f MD‰ ']q ;D
U( U"? ‚]  rPG PT & a` <": . MJF ,7 2J: 9\ T¼(
( )

.5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(TE * '* 

Z[
\ - , &
'(
 ]C ^
K KB*  
:

 
" 

²(T 'T¼: ' 'EQ Mv2J bjkk™ ^E5"U/C: (J0 š¨ 

a5 ²(T 9 b^y •d, +,: .5JK L(<‰  1g a15
.t & ' 'EQ E &: A  t 6"  ] 4( 5 9 C:.5
. ^y E, , & / b5JK L(<‰ '5 '\(T a5 ²(1T $1":
'<]5 '5h$ b(5 ]: O aG 5JK L(<‰ '1‰ '15 '1\(T:
²(T 0: .jkku ^E F;/C("  8F_  A8 iE5& 7: . $" '"(8EQ
.(;DY D" t;(Z (G 5JK L(<‰ B]5 a5
(d& * aT9 .^y: a5 ²(T ] ,T  ! ‚F0  7 ¯ G:
²(T '"D: 9 b!°° Š(\( : !°° ] +, @0$&: U w ^1y M1"D:

-19-
'9<H: 'J  b5JK L(<*  '"n: @"@& E2&: Lf  '1;: a15
(& b(  PG +,: . ©   b',E D: ';5: '"U1_ 7D:
 ": . 'zy M$K M : a5 ²(T '"D: ] Z & U(1: '1Jd
.B5  B"$V !, Z  PG OUT&
 - :@_ 4S, `![



)v2J '; : x F] 'TÓÓd ^Z ',(Ec !, F, aG ',$T ' q
] ! 0 ba\ : .' ° $G(¼  BE  ‚dT  C#Z ! G ,5  ' q
$%  ‚": ,(< "2 U , ',$T ' q œ if\ / '5h$ A8
.‚": ,(< ¡& ! U , ' 'EQ M E ,: .' q 89
 ' ; 0 (E ‘ G: .#< 5 ‚FZ š‡ ! ',$T ' q }v 1&:
p ": .5JK L(<* "`7 v2] C:  }   •f5e/ž  ]; '1-#-
(d& /  b',$T ' q A MJF] '(d‰ ‚1e ME% 1: C: 1 (H1˜
\(] Mz(& ' q  ',$T ' q 9$&: .(8Eq U, '*( T ),E 
. 89 $%  Rf & /
( )

 z:  Š(\( 8T& BE&  ',$T ' 1q M1;U { 1):

\: 'E, !, M;  rPG µ] $T5& 7: .t Q 'Td] ' q  Mz(&
. "  M 2J  $Z µF OU.": b‚"

&
'^  1 ![

&
'^  459  

Eh7 ^Z" b' q ^Z vˆ ¡S  ½vˆ b',$T ' q ^Z ^ "
7: .jkl‡ A )J_*:   M?  '7T&  U(_< †] "'E8„
(J0 jm  U_ O2 ;D 8"  ':  C 1 '1Edw ¡1S M 10
. ; & '`7 ;] '9:$ '`<  jk§k ^E5"U/C:
D G: . M;  $ aG ',$T ' q ^1y '1;; '1E8:
D ½ E0 .M (d‰  ', M J (8(" D: '"U$9 "`7 b U, b(: "

-20-
C(V ^y E ' ,: '`T 5 '27  O$s: .Bh<‰ a_<  MHF] (1TÔÔd"
! ';U \( Š(\( 0 (d": .]; '-#- L$X 5& / ',$T ' q :U
Ã',$T ' q ]  zy !"$< ! $H0 : *: ~1Z $1< R1J
'; ] }ÓÓd ‚Fy A <" bU  : .7 +, M( ; Á#- ';  L$X 5&:
.a y $"$<  È *$ $"$<& È : $"$<& È E, '7:
: IU0 ! ',$T ' q ^Z  Z  " b1* R1e :
U 8  7( |" tJ ‚e .)(d* aH˜ ! b* µ]  b: `< : ¦
.a(d* ‚e : a(d* ‚-v& O !, 4v „ ',$T ' q  8E,
'J RJ ! {$ˆ O b< 5 ^Z 8Tz(] b^y 1`³ D:
L(<‰ '5 '\(T £ 8 <& / ,5 ! e$ +,: . 1 1
U( '"U: w  $% ]: .'J !, < 5 d2] 8-(= :$‘ ½9 b5JK
GU( +, ^y E "  ‚H0 bt ˆK i<F; EF5* b'1Jg '* 1
.8-(= ,  '&P


+, bB< " E0 "(* :U  ] 5JK L(<* ^Z OU.1"
.MÆ9d : ( '" (\< " D G: .?( : {(y ! $  ba 4( 5
8Tz(] b5JK L(<* STJ F;  E !, \$] (2 a1G )v19d:
.5JK L(<‰ a #,K   EF5* b"$2F t f "  +¶"
.t&Jd  B<À ad aTd" ˜ ‚Hd] 7 A%  '*  U( C@& D:
a A$ *D { G B< ! t dE  A%  @"@&  '$ U(8Q CP] $E 5":
:  B"$V !, ·(  (© +, t 9 U"? !dE !: .5JK L(<* EQ
‚e Šf<:   MŽG: M(d‰ 'zZ 'T_]: b,T ¬1ˆ 1]
.a(d‰

-21-


.         ()
 !"# $ %& ' ( )* +, !-. ' / 01 2 3$ ()
F (==E C 1 D, )
@ ;$ AB :
> == 9:;#</ ( )8 7& 3 /&45 ' 3+" 
) )I F( ==) ) < F (== ) & JI F ( == ) ) H3@I F (== ) 3-G&
F (== ) 9:NO$ F (== ) ( J # F (== ) $ M:I F (==E ) KL & < F (== )
F(==E) U# F(==E) -$# F(==) K) &# F (==E ) RST# F (== ) 2 PQO$
!RX$ !:&Y. F (==E ) !HT$ !#;"$ !:U> . F( ==E ) ;VW. F (==E ) -T: Q
P)R$ !:&YZ F(==) :&J !:&YZ F(==E) !:&$ !#;"$ !:&Y. F( == )
HN F(==) )  & F (==E ) _HG F ( ==E ) +:;]< ^-G F ( ==E ) ![;+\$
F (==E) B QL F (== ) `$ F (== ) -T:N@ F (==E ) 2 P-$ F ( == )
( U R$ F(==) ;Mc F ( ==E ) C ) b] F ( ==E ) a: W3-3] F (== ) 3);]
F (==) H$J F (==E ) R:& @J F ( ==E ) #J F ( ==E ) -3J F ( ==E )
eR  F ( ==) ;+3XL F ( ==E ) :W3$  F (== ) :UH3$ F (== ) 3dQB
-$;:5 fg"$ ) M:O$   !RT  F ( ==E ) !: "$ !#;"$ !3RT  F ( == )
:US) F( ==) ;S-$ F ( == ) h: ;-$ F ( == ) 7X:& F ( ==E ) !$ 3X$
.(== ) ( # $ F(== ) !R:;   j :B$ F( ==E ) -i F (== )
!-. &;+ (opm) (n 8 ) mn
1 GB K `cB kTl &;c (E)
.opm ;: -:/ r $ () J ' +"  q  %& ' & `$ ( )* +,
. ;+d$ Fopm F E/259 !+s$ F( E )  &;+$ (p)
K `cB kTl 1 F( )* +, !-.  t3TM$ !# S3@ (n)
1 uXRQ v$ jB  !@&# (4< Kw$ om C "$ ( p8 ) E &;+$
1 GB
( p8 ) n=E |&;c tG} FkTl z{ .( )* +, j J Y)  ; x3y
; xy 1 uXRQ v$ ~ RX$ € !: ;# ‚T"Q j/;GI Fom= C 1 ' 3" 
. ( )* + !. j J Y)B 
!:B$ j<#) !Tƒ !-MTd$
{& :
> !:;M+$ j :B$ |w3> ()
K) &# F ( op) (!a@* 8 ! :&YZ ) (;:I F ( op ) ( ) P]< F(ooE C 31 '
F ( ooE) ( $ F (oom ) ) & F ( oop ) ![;+\$ P)R$ !3:&YZ F ( oon )
& y  F(ooE) : HJ F(ooE) !V@B -L F( oo ) ;"$ F( ooE ) 2 `$
.(oo ) !+# $ ]a@L: F(oon ) v: > F ( oo )

-22-
 ( z# Q )

:
> $ , „ aM{B K& . !-" z{} !+T"3  j 3:B$  (m)
‡ d"Q < WG j/;Gˆ# < / 0+$ ‰& † C1* jB , Š (o= ) K;+$ / d†B
2 d[ z# Š ( om) !cWQ;  Š ( o ) ‹:$ t`"$ Š(on ) t3:w"$ Š(o )
( ;X  Š (oo)
d"$ N S,B Š ( oo= ) !"T   ' / PH$ ' iaP3@
UH"$ K<;$ !:;, Š(ooE) t) G |;J !:;`-"T$ ;Œ "  2 R Š (oo ) T†
 ƒ 0+$ 2a+@ Š (ooE ) !T  j 31$ ' 2 3d[ Ž;3I Š (ooE )
Š (oo ) zc  ;+ d$Š(oon) !$ j : d-$ Š(oop ) <;  { u-3"$ Š (oop )
' ‚ Š (ooo ) :;G Y  +, Š ( oo ) T"$ ' ‚ Š( oo ) !-$ ' ‚3
( )* +, 1 (3"]  Š (=== ) /w3P$ ' ‚3 Š ( === ) ‚3Va$ R3$
' :B$ # z. ) !3G&  (3:$
T3Ri u3R$ j 3@ @Š ( === )
.(=== C 1
# 9 "$ ‚:;d$ ;:;+Q  m ;+d$ F2   9H3@ fT31 F;3g)< ()
.(E/CN.4/2000/112) ( )* +, j $5 !$ "] W:W"# ‹"  j& $
01 F!) $ !-$ ' :01 Fq  !-$ ' :01 2H@ : (o)
F E/CN.4/2000/112 ) !$ +)B ;d$ / -s< !33:&;@B : ‘ F!$ $ !-3$ '
.(= ;+d$
!T "$ !c;] / @’& /O /Œ  T  /Œ  :&;+  9$ (= )
!+s$) !:& X@B j  h );# ( )* +, !-. ' !Œ  j/;G* C g) (“X#
.(ooo O: / 2  () J  ' !†&”  E/CN.4/2000/5
;:& +Q • z{} (-"  /O Cc F{  -$ ~ fT1 (  )
‚[ - zZ ' F
T: ] >’ –< ;Q F!$ EE 1 9+: B  qI % "# 1 !-3ST$ qI
F-L < F ) )I F ) < F ) H$< F( ) P]< : % :B# !TŒ j4 !Œ † : 0c (“X# F— "$
F!RX$ !:&Y. F!c;X$ &Q Fk)Q F J;Q F U# F RST# F( 3J # F-3$;:5
F( $ F R)B K;@ F )  & F +:;]< ^-G F!+# $ !]a@L$ ) + !3:&YZ
F :W$  F -J F H$J F #J F( U R$ FC ) b] F
S] Fa: ] FB QL F
T3
F-$> F :& P-> Fv: > F!$ X$ -$;:5 fg"$ ) M:O$   !3RT  Fe3R 
. , UH†  ;J< %& :W# C c (TH$ |w> ˜"# . $

-23-
 ( z# Q )

C1* jB € ‹"  ™  &;+  (< F2   9H@ fT1 Fe3$4 3 (  )
/ -$ 9c !$“ !$ $ -G fT1 ‰& < c d"Q < WG j/;Gˆ# < / 0+$ ‰& †
›$ ! "$ !". j1 F === O]) /r $ :;XQ ' .š;X$ 1 ]$ @ #
{ !T:[ +"$ F^ +1 ( Ft3RQ;œœQ bT v$ !\;. |w> !) ˆ# i &;c 2 <  
!dŒ j;X) F=== O]) /r $ :;XQ n ' . — "$ / ž<  :"$ ' / -$ šB5
"(H:;Q $U> 2 ) );)" !dŒ j 1< Š {  2, !, ] !$ + " W\ Q Ž&:) "
— "$  ;†5 < ( R ' !-@ 9J / -$ šB5 2 PœœQ": Y] / G v$ F!$ +  |w3> ;3X)
e$4 ' } F!TV "$ š; k ¡< fT1 Y$I ;g-œœ: 2 "]< fT1 # +1 %†I < YV #5 K:“#
!{ c$ < t:;L ¢£ z -T1 &Yg$ < F‰ W$ # :$$ ;< ( `1 < F )W$
 2H+# BI ¤A B ¡< ( +": ™ £  :"$ 2W: B !\;G > 8 ^ `LB
;:& +Q Y-1 YT Œ T#  1   ›$ !Œ  !++ƒ bPT#< FC "$ w> . !0$
# & < @5 ^-G x@  ;X$ ' š;X$ 1 ]$ @ # jB L c# 3dQ
." +:;]< !-Qa$ R:;<
# 9 "$ ‚:;d$ ;:;+Q  = ;+d$ F2   9H@ fT31 F;3g)< ( E )
.(E/CN.4/2000/112) ( )* +, !-. j $5 !$ "] W:W"# ‹"  j& $
            nn ;+d$ (p )
%& '() *+  ,-. (“X# K& X@B K<;$ '      ! " # $
./0 1 2 34 #      5'4 67% 8+ !9. #:
!9. #: %& '() *+  ,-. (“X# K& X@B K<;$ (n )
o ' & `$ </0 1 2 34 #       5'4 67 %  8+
.ooo 9:;#< / ( )
!-. j $5 !$ "] :W# ‹"  j& $ # 9 "$ ‚:;d$ ;:;+Q ;g)< (  )
.(E/CN.4/2000/112) ( )* +,
!) 
d ša¥ $ ”  WJ; g-$ ¦;+ 
@ @ C g-$ ( m )
.(A/54/695) !@ @ % HG Yc+, !Y} V +$ /O ! "$

-24-
 ( z# Q )

!)  + # ™  § $ Y"$ :
> !$ $ j> 3"  |w3> (  )
!c dQB F!] +$ !1 GB !: `cB + # ™  § $ 3Y"$ F!3@ $
zZ fT1 / 0+T$ !$ $ !c dQB FK;`-"$ W$ 2 R< zZ fT1 / 30+T$ !3$ $
!#+"$ < !T "  ^ ;{  |UL t:w"$ !0> - !c dQ F <;  { W$ 2 R3<
. 9dM$ +, !c dQ F!-Y  < !) )Ia$ < !@ +$
"Capacity building to strengthen the special : ;3
3g) ( o )
procedures system of the United Nations human rights programme",
Thomas Hammersberg and Mona Rishmawi, 30 June 1999

 -$ !"@ !dV [ !1;d$ !-ST$ K;3¨ ;3{  b3c$ ' (= )
UL +, :!$ $ z{ # (-"  (Œ  ( &;+  „ C+: j @&
> . j @&$
Š( )* +€ 9 R$ z$ fT1 >Us“Q ! "$ Š© ª* 9"$ !@& ‘ CYd Š-[ 
Yca1 !TŒ ^"X$ Š!TdM$ <;  !Œ ' ;s”Q v$ !:T+$ j @&   fT1 / 0+$
(“X# 91 j c& 1ˆ# e$wJ !1;d$ !-ST$ C+Q Š( )* +, ^ >&* Š«& #
ŽR`$ D YT1 ¢-Q v$ U#$ F
1 GB 9Π< 9"$ 7 @< fT1 V +$ W$
t$ @< fT1 !HQ;  & s¬ F >[Q ![;+\$ W:W"Q 2 ­ ' ( )* + !3$ $
‚T": ] !-[$ O1 j J;X$ 2 $ !$ ” F YMX)< !-[$ O1 j J;X$ 91
+, U: " wd-# j J;X$ C c !dR# !Œ  j/;G* F( )* +, zZ Ž Y) #
F!V -@B !V 0+$ j Œ `†B !:;R"$ J ƒ 2a†  2"$ !3 cI F( 3)*
/ 0+$ C g) ' W$ F!$ "] š `) 9H@ U]# j W$B wd-$ !T"$ !Tƒ U#$
C 1 ' !-ST$ qI !1;d$ !-ST$ bHT[ Fe$4 qI !] {* # .(S$ !`£`† F
V -3.
# !ca"$ Š;SP$ !: ® ( )* +, 9J X :
> Fj @& z#&< fT1 !+]  ===
Š^;X$ |  ' ‚ 2 1I W:W"Q # !] +$ !1 GB !: `cB + # z3 $
.( )* +, j> " fT1 j gd$ Š¯Q $ ” ( )* +,

-25-
 :
   
(  )     
(  )       
         !"#$% &#'  
(  )
(!)* +,- &   
./* 0 1 !/* +,- 23  *4 51* 67 
(  ) 8 9 :; < .  =>?% &% 
5@$7 A' &=B 
(  )    C 41 
D 4AE -  
5>9   
0B  &=BF7 < 8>* G &%  
./* 0 1 H4 =I  J  
   K 2     
A*   L-M<  
  O *  P4 : $       
(  ) , 3 1B% !Q/R%   J  
(!)* IS J  
& 4RE   
  !T 0!0* U  &$V   
 WBC    

-26-
 ($ Y-$   X  
P4 R>% :<  Z 0 1  
L>UE = +A  [V \ "I ! 4  &$"1   
Y!B]  L1*   
   .  =C? &%  
8>* ^P %7 _*  5* X!>  
+  ab DA' Y!"  c7 ] U "-! d%V$  *`$  

-27-
     e@R  f+A   
 89&+:9 . !" #$%&' ( )*+, - .+/0 123 4!56
%;< 9< =>2 "? @AB C 123 4!56 DE  )+F G!HI
.JK
!NO )G !    e@R  f+A  ML9
- PQR: 0 $ Q+9 %""- 123 4!56 STU 6 @G V"9<
8HGU @G )GH 6+, %9 %W?9 #N+ X9  Q: D'<  )*+,
.6 9 [Q \]< D ( ^_!:9 %2I  e@R  f+A .4!5Y Z:
`G a>? %b )*+, - cd ef gK< cd hU !5& Ji?
123 4!5Y )*+, -  =Ki? J3 N' `%9 #c !+j e%d:
.L k PRJ!? P%U )T, 9G9 Z?

Inquiries should be addressed to: hU cR+"l P'!:

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
United Nations Office at Geneva
8-14, avenue de la Paix
1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland

New York Office:

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
United Nations
New York 10017
United States of America

Printed at United Nations, Geneva ISSN 1014-5567

GE.01-41108-April 2001-17,515

-28-