Units & Dimensions "ERRORS"

ERRORS
Q.51Errors/51 Consider the vernier calipers as shown, the instrument has no zero
error. What is the length of the rod shown, if 1 msd = 1mm? Use 7 msd = 8
vsd.
(A) 4.6 mm (B) 4.5 mm (C*) 4.3 mm (D) none
Q.52Errors/52 Which of the following reading is most accurate
(A) 4.00 cm (B) 0.004 mm (C*) 40.00 cm (D) 4.00 m
Q.53Errors/53 Let the end error on the LHS and RHS be equal to one cm.
For the balance point at O, find out the percentage error in the value
of X? (If the end error is 1 cm from both sides then it means the
corrected reading
will become 10cm + 1cm from LHS and 90cm + 1cm from the RHS)
(A) 4.2% (B*) 8.1% (C) 9.2% (D) None
Q.54Errors/54 Number 1.6454(21) means
(A) 1.645421 (B) 1.6454 × 1021 (C) 1.6454  21 (D*)1.6454  0.0021
Q.55Errors/55 A graph is plotted between extension and load. The first two
readings do not fall on the straight line whereas almost all the read- Extension
ings taken there after fall on a straight line. What is the main reason
behind it?
(A) The wire gets heated up during the course of the experiment.
(B*) Initially the wire was not free from kinks.
(C) In the initial state the wire has less elasticity as compared to
later stages.
(D) The wire has some plastic deformation in the later stages. load
Q.56Errors/56 When we operate a wheat stone bridge then in starting the key of the battery is closed first and
the key of the G is closed later. When the circuit is to be closed then switches are released in the oppo-
site order. Why?
(A) Look at the diagram of the PO box, the switch is battery is always on the right hand hence it is
easier to press it first.
(B*) This is done to avoid the damage of the galvanometer due to induced emf.
(C*) If the G switch is pressed before the battery switch then large sparking takes place at the battery
switch.
(D*) While disconnecting if we open the battery switch before the G switch then we can observe
induced current in the circuit till the G switch is not opened.
Z

Q.57Errors/57 In the relation P = e k P is pressure, Z is distance ,k is Boltzmann constant and is the temperature.

The dimensional formula of  will be(A*) [M0L2T0] (B) [M1L2T1] (C) [M1L0T–1] (D) [M0L2T–1]
Q.58Errors/58 For the post office box arrangement to determine the value of unknown
resistance, the unknown resistance should be connected between

(A) B and C (B) C and D

(C*) A and D (D) B1 and C1

Q.59Errors/59 Graph of position of image vs position of point object from a

convex lens is shown. Then, focal length of the lens is
(A) 0.50 ± 0.05 cm
(B) 0.50 ± 0.10 cm
(C*) 5.00 ± 0.05 cm
(D) 5.00 ± 0.10 cm

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 Units & Dimensions "ERRORS"
Q.60Errors/60 In a battery as well as ammeter, there is sign of + and – at two terminals.
(A) Current comes out of +ve terminal of a battery and ammeter.
(B) Current comes out of –ve terminal of a battery and ammeter.
(C*) Current comes out of +ve terminal of battery but enters the +ve terminal of ammeter.
(D) Current comes out of –ve terminal of battery but enters the –ve terminal of ammeter.
Q.61Errors/61 One digital watch 'A' was showing 1:12:32 and an old clock 'B', not having seconds hand was
showing 1:10, at the moment actual time was 1:10:15
(A*) A is more precise but less accurate than B (B) A is less precise but more accurate than B
(C) A is both more accurate and precise (D) B is both more accurate and precise
Q.62Errors/62 A student is calculating the thickness of a single sheet of paper. She measures the thickness of a stack
of 80 sheets with vernier calipers, and finds the thickness to be l = 1.27 cm. To calculate the thickness of
a single sheet she divides the total thickness of sheets with number of sheets. Which of the following
answer has the correct number of significant digits?
(A) 0.15875 mm (B*) 0.159 mm (C) 0.16 mm (D) 0.2 mm
T 1.27
[Sol. t= t= cm = 0.015875 cm = 0.15875 mm
80 80
 t = 0.159 mm ]
Q.63Errors/63 A current of (2.5 0.05) A flows through a wire and develops a potential difference of
( 10 ± 0.1) volt. Resistance of the wire in ohm, is
(A*) 4 ± 0.12 (B) 4 ± 0.04 (C) 4 ± 0.08 (D) 4 ± 0.02
Q.64Errors/64 In a resonance column experiment, the length of air column at 1st resonance is measured to be
13.1 cm with a possible indeterminate error of 0.1 cm. With the same scale, the 2nd resonance occurs
at 39.2 cm. The possible wavelength of the sound can be
(A*) 52.2 cm (B*) 52.4 cm (C*) 52.5 cm (D*) 51. 9 cm

[Sol. = l1 + d [d  end correction]
4
3
= l2 + d
4

 = l2 – l1   = 2(l2 – l1)
2
  may be equal to [2(39.3 – 13)] to [2(39.1 – 13.2)]  may range from 51.8 cm to 52.6 cm]
Paragraph for question nos. 65 to 67
Physics is a science which deals with practical life. As such, in most of the situations we are not con-
cerned with exact values but approximate values. While studying theory, we often deal with approxima-
tions which can be taken to nearly represent the real situations. Rigorous analysis has shown that a given
approximation can be said to be correct if the error in the quantity concerned is less than or equal to 5%.
The error is defined as
A ideal  A real
= A ideal × 100

Aideal is the value of the quantity in ideal situation and Areal is the value of the quantity in real situation. e.g.
2R 2R
we say that the centre of mass of a semicircular ring is at R . This is Aideal. But in
 

4(R12  R1R  R 2 )
reality, ring is an annular disc. R Its centre of mass can be found to be at .
R1 3(R1  R )
This is Areal. In a given situation, we can find error in estimation of centre of mass of the ring.

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 Units & Dimensions "ERRORS"
Q.65Errors/65 What should be the inner radius/outer radius so that error is just acceptable ?
17  3009 28  459 23  1083
(A*) (B) (C) (D) None of these
80 60 70
2 2
2R 4(R1  RR 1  R )
 2 2
 3(R1  R ) 5 2 (R 1  RR 1  R ) 1
[Sol. 2R = , 1– =
100 3 R (R1  R ) 20

2 2
19 2 (R1  RR 1  R )
= , 57(RR1 + R2) = 40 (R12 + RR1 + R2), 40R12 – 17RR1 – 17R2 = 0
20 3 R (R1  R )

R1 17  289  160  17 17  3009

= = ]
R 80 80
R
Q.66Errors/66 We want to find moment of inertia of an annular disc. For what ratio of R can we approximate
1
it to be a ring having the same mass.

R
R1

10 9 8 6
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
9 8 7 5
1
1 MR 2  M (R 2  R 12 ) 1
[Sol. Idisc = M(R2 + R12), IRing = MR 2 2 =
2 MR 2 20

1 (R 2  R12 ) 1 19 R12 R1 9
1– 2 = , =1+ 2 , = ]
2 R 20 10 R R 10
Q.67Errors/67 A charged wire is 20 cm long. At what maximum distance from the wire (on points lying on its
perpendicular erected at the middle) can the electric field be regarded as the field of an infinitely charged
10 5 5 7
wire ? (A*) 39 cm (B) 37 cm (C) 42 cm (D) 63 cm
19 17 12 15
2 k k
 (2 sin )
r R 1   a
[Sol. 2 k =
20 20
r

1 19 10
 1 – sin  = sin  = =
20 20 100  a 2
361 100
= , 36100 + 361a2 = 100 × 400
400 100  a 2

100 39
361a2 = 100 × 39 a= ]
361
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