Systematic way of solving

Good criteria

Types of studies

Reporting: fact

Descriptive: How, why when etc.

Cause effect/causal studies: explanatory and predictive

Research philosophies:

Positivism

Interpretivism: social research

Business economic research is in between which is called realism.

Social world is viewed objectively Researcher is part of what is being observed.

Thickness of description and sample size: you have to make a trade off,you cannot have big sample
size and large thickness of description.

Inductive and deductive:

Most likely, guaranteed

Deductive:

You need both induction and deduction.

Scientific method,

 make observations
 Think of interesting questions
 Formulate hypotheses
 Develop testable predictions,
 Gather date to test prediction.
 develop general theories.

what problems will an organisation face? Academic literature review is a important part.

Session 2

Concept: fairly concrete, culturally shared and accepted proper definition still necessary

Construct: more abstract, specifically developed for research purposes, can combine multiple
concepts , concepts such as height width material combined

First line supervisor: concept

Employee morale construct

Conceptual definition: Make a construct more concrete for a research purpose

Operational definition

Theoretical level

Service quality- customer loyalty operationalization

Empirical level

Do more business

Variables:

IV: independent salary

DV dependent: employee longevity

Moderating variable: tests the relationship between iv and DV

Control variables: independent variables without research purpose, reasons that effect the
dependent variable

If the control variable has impact on the independent variable meaning both arrows lead to iv as well
as dv.

Confounding variable: is effecting both iv and dv, the positive effect between salary and longevity will
disappear since the confounding variable explains both iv and dv.

Include control variables because they might include confounding variables.

Mediating: Employee satisfaction what does the independent variable cause for the dependent
variable

Hypotheses:

Descriptive: is something that you see, een waarneming die je doet bijvoorbeeld de studenten van de
premaster zijn 50% vrouwelijk

Relational:

Correlation: people who order a hamburger order a cola

Explanatory hypothesis: One thing leads to another. Parents smoking has impact on the kids
behaviour.

Theory: whatever we know, we can use to make predictions on

Summary

Problem statement

Literature review

Research