A

Self Study On
“Sustainable Development 15th Goal”
(Life on Land)

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of Degree in Masters of Business

Administration (MBA)

Submitted To-: Submitted By-:

Ritu Bajaj Bharat Bhushan
Roll No-: 2219
(220010501008)

Department of Management
Indira Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari-123401
2023-24
Index:-

 Introduction

 Overview

 What are the sustainable Development goal (SDG)

 Sustainable development goal no 15 (Life on Land)

 Global Picture

 Target

 Measures were taken by the Indian Government

 Challenges

 Conclusion
Introduction:-

Sustainable development is a concept that aims to meet the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is a holistic approach to
economic, social, and environmental development that seeks to balance economic growth with the
protection of the natural environment and the promotion of social equity. The concept of
sustainable development has gained increased attention in recent decades as concerns about the
impacts of human activities on the planet and its resources have grown. The goal of sustainable
development is to create a better future for all, in which economic prosperity, social well-being,
and environmental health are integrated and sustained over time.

Overview:-
Sustainable development is a long-term approach to economic, social, and environmental
progress that balances the needs of the present with those of future generations. It aims to create
a world where human societies can thrive in a healthy and safe environment, while conserving
natural resources and biodiversity. This approach encompasses three interconnected pillars:
economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection. To achieve sustainable
development, it is important to pursue economic growth that is inclusive and sustainable, promote
social well-being and equality, and protect the environment and natural resources. Effective and
integrated policies and practices in these areas can create a more sustainable future for all.

What are the sustainable Development goal (SDG) :-

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 global goals adopted by the United Nations in
2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These goals provide a blueprint
for creating a more sustainable future for all by addressing the world's most pressing economic,
social, and environmental challenges. The 17 SDGs are:
1. No Poverty
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Well-Being
4. Quality Education
5. Gender Equality
6. Clean Water and Sanitation
7. Affordable and Clean Energy
 8. Decent Work and Economic Growth
9. Industry Innovation and Infrastructure
10. Reduced Inequalities
11. Sustainable Cities and Communities
12. Responsible Consumption and Production
13. Climate Action
14. Life Below Water
15. Life On Land
16. Peace Justice and Strong Institutions
17. Partnerships for the Goals.
The SDGs provide a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all
people enjoy peace and prosperity. Achieving the SDGs will require collaboration and action by
governments, businesses, civil society, and individuals alike.

Sustainable development goal no 15 (Life on Land) :-

Goal 15 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is "Life on Land." The goal aims to protect,
restore, and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, forests, deserts, and other
land-based ecosystems. The objectives of Goal 15 include:

1. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, forests, deserts,
and other land-based ecosystems.
2. End deforestation, restore degraded land, and halt and reverse land degradation and loss.
3. Promote sustainable agriculture and reduce the impact of agriculture on biodiversity.
4. Strengthen the contribution of protected areas to biodiversity conservation.
5. Take urgent and significant action to reduce the degradation of natural habitats, halt the
loss of biodiversity, and protect and prevent the extinction of threatened species.

Achieving this goal requires action from governments, businesses, and individuals to protect and
restore the world's ecosystems and biodiversity. This includes reducing the impact of human
activities on land-based ecosystems, promoting sustainable agriculture and forestry practices, and
conserving and restoring degraded land. By protecting and restoring life on land, we can ensure a
more sustainable future for all species and the ecosystems they depend on.

Global Picture:-
The global picture of life on land is alarming and characterized by rapid loss of biodiversity and
degradation of ecosystems due to human activities. Some of the key challenges include:
 1. Deforestation: Large areas of forests are being cleared for agriculture, urbanization, and
other uses, leading to the loss of critical habitats for many species.
2. Land degradation: Soil erosion, desertification, and other forms of land degradation are
reducing the productivity of land and affecting the livelihoods of millions of people.
3. Biodiversity loss: Many species are facing extinction due to habitat loss, overexploitation,
pollution, and climate change.
4. Climate change: Changes in temperature, rainfall patterns, and other factors are affecting
the distribution and abundance of species, as well as the functioning of ecosystems.
5. Unsustainable land use practices: Practices such as intensive agriculture, overgrazing, and
urbanization are having a significant impact on the health of ecosystems and the services
they provide.

Despite these challenges, there are also efforts underway to protect and restore life on land.
Governments, businesses, and communities are working to adopt sustainable land use practices,
restore degraded land, and conserve important habitats and species. With continued action and
investment, it is possible to reverse the trends of loss and degradation and ensure a more
sustainable future for life on land.

Target:-
The targets of Goal 15 "Life on Land" of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are:
 By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland
freshwater ecosystems and their services, in particular forests, wetlands, mountains and
drylands, in line with obligations under international agreements.
 By 2020, promote the implementation of sustainable management of all types of forests,
halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and
reforestation globally.
 By 2030, combat desertification, restore degraded land and soil, including land affected by
desertification, drought and floods, and strive to achieve a land-degradation neutral world.
 By 2020, promote the conservation and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater
ecosystems, their habitats and species.
 By 2020, take urgent and significant action to reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity
and promote sustainable use, as set out by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention
on Biological Diversity.
 By 2020, prevent the extinction of known threatened species and implement measures to
enhance their conservation and recovery.
  By 2030, increase the area of protected terrestrial and coastal and marine areas, in line
with agreed biodiversity targets and sustainable development goals.

These targets aim to protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial and inland
freshwater ecosystems, as well as prevent the extinction of threatened species and conserve
biodiversity. Achieving these targets will require sustained efforts by governments, businesses,
communities, and individuals to adopt sustainable land use practices and conserve important
habitats and species

Measure were taken by Indian Government:-

The Indian government has taken a number of measures to conserve and enhance life on land:

 Forest Conservation Act 1980: This act regulates the diversion of forest land for non-forest
purposes and provides for the conservation of forests and wildlife.
 Wildlife Protection Act 1972: This act provides for the protection of wild animals and plants,
and regulates hunting and trade in wildlife.
 National Biodiversity Act 2002: This act provides for the conservation of biodiversity, the
sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising
from the use of genetic resources.
 National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board: This board is responsible for the
promotion of afforestation, eco-development and the conservation of natural resources.
 Project Tiger: This project was launched in 1972 to protect the tiger and its habitat, and has
helped to increase the tiger population in India.
 National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries: India has a number of national parks and wildlife
sanctuaries that provide critical habitats for a variety of species, including tigers, elephants,
and rhinoceroses.
 Green India Mission: This mission aims to increase forest cover and improve the quality of
forests in India, and includes a focus on the conservation of biodiversity.
 Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: This campaign aims to clean up the streets, roads and
infrastructure of India's cities, towns and rural areas, and has helped to reduce plastic
waste and other forms of pollution in forests and wildlife habitats.

These measures demonstrate the Indian government's commitment to conserving and enhancing
life on land, and its efforts to adopt sustainable land use practices and protect important habitats
and species. However, much more needs to be done to fully achieve the targets of the Sustainable
Development Goal 15, "Life on Land".
Challenges:-
The challenges facing the sustainable development of life on land include:
 Deforestation and land degradation: Human activities, such as agriculture, urbanization,
and industrial development, have resulted in large-scale deforestation and land
degradation, causing significant harm to ecosystems and biodiversity.
 Climate change: Climate change is causing unprecedented changes to land-based
ecosystems and biodiversity, including rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns,
and increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.
 Biodiversity loss: Many species of plants and animals are facing extinction due to habitat
loss, hunting, and other human activities.
 Soil degradation: Soil degradation, caused by overuse, pollution, and climate change, is
reducing the productivity of lands and contributing to land degradation.
 Overfishing and marine pollution: Overfishing and marine pollution are affecting the health
and resilience of marine ecosystems and the species that depend on them.
 Lack of political will: Despite the pressing need for action, many governments lack the
political will to implement policies and measures that are necessary to conserve and
enhance life on land.
 Limited financial resources: The financial resources available for the sustainable
development of life on land are limited, and more investment is needed to support
conservation efforts and sustainable land use practices.
 Lack of public awareness: A lack of public awareness about the importance of conserving
life on land, and the need for sustainable land use practices, can hinder efforts to address
these challenges.

These challenges must be addressed in order to achieve the sustainable development of life on
land. Addressing these challenges will require concerted efforts by governments, businesses,
communities, and individuals to adopt sustainable land use practices, conserve important habitats
and species, and reduce the impacts of human activities on ecosystems and biodiversity.

Conclusion:-
In conclusion, the sustainable development of life on land is crucial for maintaining the health and
resilience of ecosystems, conserving biodiversity, and ensuring a sustainable future for all. Despite
significant progress in recent years, many challenges remain, including deforestation and land
degradation, climate change, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, overfishing and marine pollution,
lack of political will, limited financial resources, and a lack of public awareness. Addressing these
challenges will require a coordinated and sustained effort from governments, businesses,
communities, and individuals, and a commitment to adopt sustainable land use practices, protect
important habitats and species, and reduce the impacts of human activities on ecosystems and
biodiversity. The sustainable development of life on land is essential for securing a healthy planet
and a sustainable future for all

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