CHAPTER 3

The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit

Parts of Man:
1. Spirit – the deepest part of man, belonging to the spiritual
level, and contacts the things of God.
2. Soul – is the mental faculty, belonging to the psychological
level, contacting the things of the mental realm, and is a
deeper part.
3. Body – is simply the physical body, belonging to the
physiological level, contacting the things of the material
realm, and is the most superficial part.
FOR PROBLEMS OF THE BODY ONE MAY SEE A DOCTOR.
FOR PROBLEMS OD THE MIND ONER MAY VISIT A PSYCHIATRIST.
YET ONLY GOD CAN SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF THE SPIRIT
TERMS RELATED TO HUMAN PERSON
1. Man – is the general term commonly used to refer to the
entire human race. Other related terms include humanity,
mankind, and humankind.
2. Human – refers to man as species – Homo sapiens sapiens or
modern human beings.
3. Human being – is also used to distinguish man from other
animals.
4. Person – is a much more complex term which generally
refers to a human being granted recognition of certain
rights, protection, responsibilities, and dignity, above all.
5. Human nature – refers to the characteristics that distinguish
humans from all other creatures. These traits are assumed to
arise independent of the influence of culture and society.
(examples: thinking, feeling, and acting.)
TRAITS THAT DEFINE A PERSON
1. SELF-AWARENESS
 The first trait that defines a person
 It refers to the person having a clear perception of oneself,
including his or her thoughts, emotions, identity, and
actions.

This awareness gives rise to the notion of the:

SELF – which philosophers describe as the person who is
actively aware that he or she is perceiving and experiencing
reality.
2. SELF-DETERMINATION
 The second trait that defines a person
 It refers to the capability of persons to make choices and
decisions based on their own preferences, monitor and
regulate their actions, and being goal-oriented and self-
directed.
3. DIGNITY
 The final trait that distinguishes the human person
 It is the innate right to be valued and respected.
 Philosophers consider all humans as having an inherent
worth or value.
 Each person is priceless, unique, unrepeatable, and
irreplaceable.
 Human dignity is rooted in the nature of human being. This
means that a human person has dignity simply because of
the fact that he or she is human.
  This does not apply to completeness of a person, even to
those who have no legs, arms or the so-called PWD.
 Human dignity also drives us to seek what is good.
 Doing good actions, therefore, upholds and promotes the
dignity of the human person.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE BODY AND THE SPIRIT

Human Person
 philosophers consider the human person as defined by union
of the body and the spirit.
 Not only that it is the union of the body and the spirit but
the two are integrated with each other.
 That means the two are inseparable.
 The human body also stands as the mediator between the
material world and the spiritual world.

TRANSCENDING FROM LIMITATION

 We should realize that an embodied spirit provides numerous
opportunities to explore everything around us and even
within us, our human nature still imposes limitations.
 Human person enjoys a number of advantages compared to
other beings, but there are still a number of things that
humans naturally cannot do.
 In other words, we human beings are limited beings.
 Compared to other animals, we have limited capabilities
with regard to strength, speed, and the use of our senses.
  Despite these natural limitations, we have used our intellect
to devise means to achieve several feats. (ex. Many
inventions made by men)
 This the very way for us to surpass, to transcend our
limitations.
Transcendence
 It is the ability to surpass limits
 It is also one important trait that distinguishes the human
person from other beings in existence.
 We should not be confined to the limitations of our life.
 We should have to find ways in order for us to do what we
cannot do.
 There are people who are called PWD, but they were not
discourage of being such.
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ASSIGNMENT: PWD’s WHO CHANGE THE WORLD
Choose two to research.
1. Walt Disney 14. Stephen Hawking
2. Harriet Tubman 15. Tony Coelho
3. Hellen Keller
4. Alexander Graham Bell
5. Maya Angelou
6. Albert Einstein
7. Rosa May Billinghurst
8. Ludwig van Beethoven
9. Fannie Lou Hamer
10. Thomas Edison
11. Temple Grandin
12. Franklin D. Roosevelt
13. Sojourner Truth