UPM-CALC/PIE2411/GD PORTFOLIO

PIE2411 SPEAKING AND PRESENTATION SKILLS

SEMESTER 1, 2023/2024

TASK 1: GROUP DISCUSSION PORTFOLIO (10%)

Name Matric No.

SHI LUTONG GS68890
WANG SIMAN GS68912
BAO YAHAN GS68603
ZHANG BOTAO GS69027
XING YUQING GS68891
WANG JUNHAO GS68853

Group No. : ____________GROUP1_______________

Teacher’s Name : _________SITI SARRAH ISA___________

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PIE 2411 SPEAKING AND PRESENTATION SKILLS

SEMESTER 1, 2023/2024
Assessment 1:
Task 1- Group Discussion Portfolio (10%)

Instructions:

1. In groups of five, find three articles related to the given issue.

2. The articles should:
a. come from reliable sources – avoid using articles from blogs, e-forums, or personal
websites
b. have a focus on the issue given
3. Provide a reference list of all the articles selected in the APA style.
4. All responses must be typed using the font Arial 11 and 1.5 spacing.
5. Submit the portfolio in PDF on PutraBlast in Week 5 before the Group Discussion (20%),
which will be conducted in Week 6.
6. Complete the following table using information gathered from the selected articles.

ISSUE: __ Artificial intelligence poses a threat to human jobs __

i. Describe the problem:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has grown rapidly in recent years and its applications are becoming
more widespread. While AI has the potential to revolutionize the way we live, its potential
impact on work and society, notably with regard to ethics, privacy, and employment
displacement, is also a source of worry, which raises significant doubts and questions. The
increasing use of AI in the job market may lead to job displacement in certain industries.

According to research, the integration of AI and machine learning can lead to some problems
as below:

1. exacerbating unemployment

2. income inequality

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3. increase the economy and society's challenges.

4. change the nature of work

5. lead to some psychological problems when faced with AI issues.

6. impact the way people work, live, and relate to each other

ii. Present evidence from the three articles that the problem truly exists (e.g., statistics,
facts, personal experience, quotations, or incidence):

1. According to Berg et al. (2018), AI has the potential to bring about negative outcomes, one
of which could be the elimination of more than 45% of all jobs. Chen and Xu (2018) predict
that within the next 20 years, AI will replace 76.76% of China’s currently employed
workforce.

2. Other researchers found that companies that implement AI technology tend to decrease
their need for workers with low levels of skill or education (Li et al., 2021).

3. Al and machine learning are likely to lead to significant job displacement, particularly for
low-skilled and routine jobs, up to 800 million jobs could be displaced by automation by
2030, with 375 million requiring significant retraining.

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4. Previous research has suggested that low-skilled and routine jobs are the most
susceptible to automation (Frey and Osborne, 2017)

6. Acemoglu and Restrepo (2018) have looked into the evidence from US labor markets and
found that robots and automation lead to job displacement, lower wages, and increasing
income inequality.

7. Although the development of science and technology has shown exponential growth and
benefits, it has also been associated with numerous adverse effects. This negative impact
includes a highly negative work output, destroying the employment relationship, making
employees feel extremely insecure at work, and impeding their future professional
development Today, employees face tremendous pressure because of increasingly
emerging technology, which, despite offering numerous benefits, poses an impending threat
to them. Employees in today’s work environment must endure the usual pressures of their
daily work while dealing with the effects of technological advancement. When emerging
technologies erode employees’ original professional knowledge, they feel psychologically
threatened, which leads to anxiety, sadness, and even depression. Studies have shown
that artificial intelligence awareness is significantly related to turnover intentions and this
increasing trend in technology usage has led to employment uncertainty and higher turnover
intention among employees.

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Iii. Describe the consequences of the problem:

1. the potential impact of AI and machine learning on the job market, and that there is
evidence to suggest that certain types of jobs are more susceptible to automation than
others.
2. No regulation of the AI market and urgent need for regulation， Automation-spurred job
losses, job displacement
3. When some AI technologies are used extensively for tasks that require human creativity,
such as content creation, writing, or strategy development, it can potentially diminish and
lessen human contributions and reduce the need for human involvement in such tasks.
4. There is an algorithmic bias caused by bad data. Algorithms can systematically introduce
inadvertent bias, reinforce historical discrimination, favor a political orientation, or
reinforce undesired practices
5. Led to uncertainty in employment and higher employee turnover

iv. Explain the causes of the problem:

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1. The increasing use of AI and machine learning technologies is leading to changes in the
types of skills that are in demand in the job market. Advances in AI and machine learning
technologies are making it possible to automate tasks that were previously thought to be
the domain of human workers. This means that certain types of jobs are becoming
increasingly susceptible to automation, particularly low-skilled and routine jobs.
2. the lack of regulation of the AI market, poor quality control of AI models, automation-
spurred job losses, and socio-economic factors such as skills gaps and capital deficits.
3. the continuous development of AI technology erodes employees’ professional
knowledge, adoption of AI and machine learning technologies is also being driven by
economic factors such as cost savings and increased efficiency, these factors have led
to an increasing number of positions being replaced by AI.

v. Present possible solutions to the problem:

1. Regulation: there is an urgent need for regulation of the AI market to address the identified
threats and disadvantages of AI.
2. Education and training: invest in education and training programs that can help workers
develop the skills they need to adapt to the changing job market.
3. The tutorials can address user concerns and alleviate the techno-complexity and
uncertainty aspect of technostress.

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4. Governments and organizations: Governments and organizations can also implement

policies that mitigate the negative impact of AI and machine learning on job displacement
while maximizing their potential benefits. put in place to encourage the development of new
industries and job opportunities that are less susceptible to automation, or to provide
financial support and retraining programs for workers who are displaced by automation.

5. Social: offering fair compensation, recognition, and opportunities for career advancement.
all organization should consider implementing AI in a way that complements and enhance
human work rather than replacing it.

6. Companies: companies can aid their employees in recognizing the skills necessary for AI
implementation, enhancing their current competencies, and acquiring new ones.
Morandini et al. suggest that organizations need to establish procedures to assist their
workers by offering customized training and development opportunities, ensuring that their
attitudes and perceptions towards AI are receptive and adaptable to the evolving job
market and its associated complexities (Morandini et al., 2023).

7. Managers: If managers can provide high-level support to employees in terms of changing

management policies and leadership styles when hotel employees are facing AI threats,
they will feel more satisfied and loyal to their hotels.

8. With the gradual application of artificial intelligence technology in different industries, this
study provides recommendations for management to address the threat of artificial
intelligence technology, namely providing high-level organizational support to employees,
psychologically helping them reduce their willingness to leave their occupation due to
significant changes in the work environment and the anxiety of future careers caused by
artificial intelligence threats.

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vi. References:

1. A.K. Singh, P.K. Tyagi, A.K. Singh, P. Tyagi, S. Kapure, E.R. Singh, Robotics and artificial
intelligence in the hotel industry: a systematic literature review, in:2022 8th International
Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, 1, 2022, pp. 1788–1792,
2. Frey, C. B., and Osborne, M. A. "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to
Computerization?" Technological Forecasting and Social Change, vol. 114, 2017, pp. 254-280.
3. Manyika, J., et al. "Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained: What the Future of Work Will Mean for Jobs, Skills,
andWages." McKinsey Global Institute, 2017
4. Yanan, L. I. (2023). Relationship between the perceived threat of artificial intelligence and
turnover intention in luxury hotels. Heliyon, 9(8).
5. Wach, K., Duong, C. D., Ejdys, J., Kazlauskaitė, R., Korzynski, P., Mazurek, G., ... & Ziemba,
E. (2023). The dark side of generative artificial intelligence: A critical analysis of controversies
and risks of ChatGPT. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 11(2), 7-30.