PIPE BENDING MACHINE WITH POWER MULTIPLIER MECHANISM

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A Research Paper

Presented to the Senior High School faculty

of New Lucena National Comprehensive High School

New Lucena, Iloilo

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In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the

Practical Research 2

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by

Lovelyn M. Gallego

April 2020
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of Study

The research study was related to a tool used in bending formation of common pipes

used in the installation of water pipe lines, automobiles chassis and bicycle frame, railings etc.

Pipe bending tool is the most important tools used in the sector of steel fabrication industry. This

tool forms and fabricates ductile materials used in water pipe line, automobile chassis, vehicle

frames and pipe railings. Specifically, it is used to bend or form the pipes in a proper angle in

order get an even bending for production. It is also to avoid wrinkling to produce a finished

smooth surface. It can prevent misaligning and slipping portions of bend to lessen the time of

work and produce continues quality of bend.

There were inventions which create an efficient way of pipe bending were already in the

market. This has been disclosed in the study of

Objectives of study

Generally, this study aimed to design, construct and evaluate the new features of pipe

bending tool as used in fabricating ductile pipe materials.

Specifically, this study aimed to:

1. To innovate the bending tool in terms of input power mechanism to multiply power output

with slip guide.

2. Evaluate the level of acceptability of mechanical pipe bender with power multiplier in

terms of the following.

A. Design

B. Accuracy

1. Acceptable angle of pipe bending

2. No bending defects like wrinkling, slipping, and misaligning

C. Time

1. Loading and unloading of workpiece

2. Bending operations
 D. Capability

Conceptual Framework

The study followed the input-througthput-output approach as shown in Figure 1.

The paradigm shows the three processes adopted in the study.

Input Throughput Output

 Concepts/Ideas  Fabrication
 Prior Art.  Pilot Testing
Mechanical pipe bender
 Planning and  Technical
with power multiplier.
designing Evaluation and
 Materials ,tools, Instrumentation
and equipments  Final Evaluation

Feedbacks

The input of the study comprises the ideas and concepts/ideas, and prior arts from the

present trend on the development of the tool that is under study. Books and other references

provided further clarification on the necessity to conduct this study. In addition, planning and

design, tools, equipment, supply, and materials for the development of the said gadget were

secured to pursue this study.

The project’s main objectives were the fabrication, pilot testing, technical evaluation and

instrumentation, and final evaluation of the gadget by group of experts; after which, the gadget

was subjected to evaluation in terms of design, accuracy, timeliness, and portability.

The tool was subjected to two series of evaluations, the Technical Evaluation and

Instrumentation, and Final Evaluation. The Technical and Instrumentation was applied to

determine the accuracy, timeliness and other data that answered some of the items in the Final

Evaluation to determine the acceptability of the tool. According to Twirsky and Lindblom (2012),

evaluation involves the systematic collection of information about the activities, characteristics
and outcomes of product to reduce uncertainties, improve effectiveness, and make decisions

with regard to what those products are doing and affecting.

The output of the project was the hydraulic swaging and flaring hand tool with an

innovated die and tube holder. Constant feedback was provided in the entire process of the

project. The arrows show the interactions between the various components of the conceptual

model. The direction and flow of the arrows indicates a guide for reflection for each area of

conceptual model.

Definition of Terms

For further information that can help to understand this study, the following terms were

conceptually and operationally defined.

Acceptability- It is an adjective which means capable or worthy of being accepted satisfactorily

(Webster 1998).

In this study, it refers to the level of acceptance of the mechanical pipe bender with

power multiplier in terms of design, operation, accuracy, capability and timeliness.

Accuracy –the condition or quality of being true, correct, or exact; freedom from error or defect;

precision or exactness; correctness.( thesaurus Dictionary, 1987)

In this study, the accuracy means the ability of mechanical pipe bending tool with power

multiplier to bend the any desired angle want to produce, and to bend pipes uniformly.

Bending - to force (an object, especially a long or thin one) from a straight form into a curved or

angular one, or from a curved or angular form into some different form ( thesaurus Dectionary,

1987)

In this study, bending means that the “mechanical pipe bender with power multiplier” can

bend pipes in different angles with less force actuated.

Capability – is the quality of being capable, the ability to undergo or be affected by given

treatment of action. Capability is the ability to perform or achieve certain action or outcomes

though a set of controllable and measurable faculties, features, functions, processes, or

services (dictionary reference.com).

 In this study, capability means the range of sizes of pipe which can be bending without

any defects.

Construction. It is the art, process, or manner of building; it is something built, created, or

established (Merriam Webster Dictionary, 2002).

In this study, construction refers to the process making a pipe bending machine.

Design. It is a method devised for making something or achieving an end; in its widest sense,

regularly implies mental formulation of method (Merriam Dictionary, 2012).

In this study, design refers to the drawing of design of pipe bending machine.

Evaluate. Evaluation is a selective exercise that attempts to systematically and objectively

assess progress towards and achievement of an outcome (Mertens, 2010).

In this study, evaluate refers to the scores that will be given by the evaluators in terms of

the design, construction, and functionality.

Mechanical. Machines employ power to achieve desired forces and movement (motion).

A machine has a power source and actuators that generate forces and movement, and a

system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output

forces and movement. Modern machines often include computers and sensors that monitor

performance and plan movement, and are called mechanical systems. (Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia, 2014)

In this study, mechanical means the vertical rotary movement that is exerted with lesser

force, then is transferred to a horizontal rotary movement but multiplies the force from the

previous.

Pipe. A tube of metal, plastic, or other material used to convey water, gas, oil, or other fluid

substances. (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, 2014)

In this study, pipe means only for metal tubing with specific properties intended for the

purpose.

Bender. A machine or device used for or in bending or molding a metal pipe

(english.oxforddictionaries.com)
 In this study, bender is a manually operated tool which capable bending with less force

applied than usual.

Power. The energy or motive force by which a physical system or machine is operated: turbines

turned by steam power; a sailing ship driven by wind power. The capacity of a system or

machine to operate: a vehicle that runs under its own power. Electrical or mechanical energy,

especially as used to assist or replace human energy (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/power).

In this study, power means that the bender reduces the input power and doubles the

output power.

Mechanism. A mechanism is a device designed to transform input forces and movement into a

desired set of output forces and the movement. Mechanisms generally consist of moving

components such as gears and gear trains, belt and chain drives, cam

and follower mechanisms, and linkages as well as friction devices such as brakes and clutches,

and structural components such as the frame, fasteners, bearings, springs, lubricants and seals,

as well as a variety of specialized machine elements such as splines, pins and keys. (Wikipedia,

the free encyclopedia, 2014)

In this study, mechanism means the specific part of the bender which multiplies the

power by means of a planetary gear.

Mechanical pipe bender with power multiplier mechanism. The mechanical pipe bender with

power multiplier is a manually operated bending tool which multiplies power being exerted

through a planetary gear that reduces input and doubles the output of the previous. The

movement of actuation is by first, a vertical rotary hand crank which produces a horizontal rotary

movement with double the power to bend the range of pipe sizes specified. The bender is only

exclusive for the bending of metallic materials.

Timeliness. It is the time passed from the moment of event happened to when the data

representing that is available. The quality of data is improved if the event is documented by data

at the moment it happens (Kirch, 2008).

In this study,
Significance of the Study

The result of this study will be beneficial to:

SMAW learners.

SMAW teachers.

Community.

School Administrators.

Department of Education.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study was limited only to the learners of New Lucena National Comprehensive High

School, Poblacion, New Lucena, Iloilo.