REACTORS

INDUSTRIAL PLANT
ENGINEERING
GROUP 2 | NOVEMBER 9, 2023
 MEMBERS

ANDRES RODRIGUEZ
Researcher Researcher
Reporter Reporter

BALICANTA TARLAC
Researcher Editor
Reporter Reporter
 What is a
reactor?
A piece of equipment in which the feedstock is
converted into the desired product
COMMON INFO ABOUT REACTOR

ONE TWO

Are designed to add chemicals give maximum yield in a chemical

and conduct chemical reactions reaction and carry out different
and consists of several parts types of reactions
REACTOR
TYPES
 01.

BATCH REACTOR
the simplest type of reactor that consists of an agitator
and had a provision to apply utilities to heat or cool the
reaction mass
BATCH REACTOR

a closed vessel in which reactions

happen and it is a non-continuous
type of reactor
 02.

CONTINUOUS STIRRED
TANK REACTOR
allow adding continuous raw material into the reactor and
continuous removal of product
 CSTR

are batch reactors with open

systems and have an impeller
equipped with it
 03.

PLUG FLOW
REACTOR
had a tube-like design where one or more chemicals as
a fluid injected or pumped
PLUG FLOW REACTOR

Also called as called a continuous

tubular reactor
 04.

SEMI-BATCH
REACTOR
These types are reactors are a combination of batch and
continuous reactors
SEMI-BATCH REACTOR

can carry out multiple reactions

and have great control over the
yield or selectivity of the products
 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

FERMENTATION PHARMACEUTICAL
01. Also used in colorant & 02. Used in biological processes
margarine manufacturing and cell cultures

TWO-PHASE
BIOREACTORS
REACTION
03. Used in gasoline production, 04. Used for unwanted side
synthesis of ammonia and
reaction or high heat reaction
oxidation
 IMPORTANCE

It is considered as the heart of

chemical processes and produce
significant cost savings and revenue
potentials for the chemical plants.
 IMPORTANCE
They can also be used to power
desalination plants, provide heat for
metal refining, and even generate
hydrogen as a clean burning
alternative fuel for vehicles.
REACTOR
IMPORTANCE
CHEMICAL
PROCESSES
● Reactors play a crucial role in chemical engineering
for conducting various chemical reactions.
● They are essential in industries like petrochemicals,
pharmaceuticals, and materials manufacturing.
● Reactors facilitate the transformation of raw
materials into desired products, making them
central to chemical production.
ENERGY
PRODUCTION
● Nuclear reactors are vital for electricity generation in
nuclear power plants.
● They harness nuclear fission to produce heat, which
is then converted into electrical energy.
● These reactors provide a significant portion of the
world's electricity.
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT
● Reactors can have a substantial impact on the
environment.
● The proper design and operation of reactors are
critical for minimizing emissions and ensuring that
processes are environmentally friendly.
● For example, catalytic converters in automobiles are
a type of reactor used to reduce harmful emissions.
SAFETY AND
REGULATION
● Reactors require strict safety measures and
regulation to prevent accidents and ensure the
well-being of workers and the public.
● Safety is of paramount importance in nuclear
reactors, and regulatory bodies oversee their
operation to prevent accidents and radiation
exposure.
RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
● Reactors are used in research and development for
studying fundamental principles, materials, and
processes.
● They provide a controlled environment to investigate
various phenomena, which can lead to scientific
discoveries and innovations.
MEDICAL
APPLICATION
● Reactors are used in the production of medical
isotopes for diagnostic imaging and cancer
treatment.
● These isotopes play a critical role in healthcare,
aiding in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
SPACE
EXPLORATION
● In space exploration, reactors like radioisotope
thermoelectric generators (RTGs) are used to
provide power to spacecraft and rovers for
missions in remote and harsh environments, such
as those on Mars.
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Chemical Reactor:
used in the production of chemicals,
synthesis of pharmaceuticals, the
manufacturing of petrochemicals, or the
creation of polymers. It facilitates
chemical reactions and can be in any
type of reactor depending on the specific
process.
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Nuclear Reactor:
used in nuclear power plants to
generate electricity. They utilize nuclear
fission to produce heat, which is then
converted into electrical energy.
Examples include pressurized water
reactors (PWRs) and boiling water
reactors (BWRs).
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Catalytic Converter:
reduces harmful emissions from the
engine exhaust by facilitating chemical
reactions that convert pollutants like
carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and
unburned hydrocarbons into less
harmful substances.
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Polymerization Reactor:
In the plastics industry, polymerization
reactors are used to create various
types of polymers, such as polyethylene
or polypropylene. These reactors enable
the formation of long-chain polymer
molecules from monomers.
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Research Reactor:
used in scientific research and
experimentation. They provide controlled
conditions for studying nuclear physics,
material properties, and other scientific
phenomena.
EXAMPLES OF REACTORS BASED ON
APPLICATION:

Radioisotope Reactor:
use the decay of radioactive isotopes,
such as plutonium-238, to generate
electricity. They have been used in
space missions, like the Mars rovers, to
provide power for extended periods.
In summary, reactors are important tools in various fields,
ranging from chemical and nuclear engineering to energy
production, research, and medical applications. Their
significance lies in their ability to enable specific processes,
provide energy, contribute to scientific understanding, and
impact our daily lives in numerous ways. Proper design,
operation, and safety measures are essential to harness
their benefits while mitigating potential risks.
—GROUP 2