2022 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA) | 978-1-6654-5594-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/TSSA56819.2022.

10063898

Proceeding of
2022 The 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems
Services and Applications (TSSA2022)
October 13-14, 2022
Bali, Indonesia

ISBN:
978-1-6654-5594-7 (XPLORE COMPLIANT)
2022 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA) | 978-1-6654-5594-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/TSSA56819.2022.10063915

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 Table of Content
Fuzzy Logic Control for Modeling Multi Robot AGV Maneuver Based on Inverted Camera
2022 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA) | 978-1-6654-5594-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/TSSA56819.2022.10063882

Aan Eko Setiawan, Angga Rusdinar, Syamsul Rizal, Rina Mardiati, Abdul Wasik and Eki Ahmad Zaki
Hamidi

Speed Control System of BLDC Motor Based on DSP TMS320F28027F

Rifal Faturrohman, Nanang Ismail and Mufid Ridlo Effendi

Power Monitoring System of Home-scale Internet of Things (IoT

Sulhan Saharo, Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, Rin Rin Nurmalasari

Design of 3D Printed Slotted Waveguide Antenna Array by Using Composite Material for Frequency
S-Band
Nadya Glaudira and Joko Suryana

Simulation and Analysis Optimization Ku-Band Satellite Transponder

Iskandar Iskandar and Rustanto Rustanto

On the Design of Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna with U-Slot for 5G Applications

Taopik Romdoni, Nanang Ismail and Levy Olivia Nur

Design and Control of Swerve Drive Mechanism for Autonomous Mobile Robot
Muhammad Haniff, Hendri Maja Saputra, Catur Hilman A.H.B. Baskoro, Saip Ardo Pratama and Eki
Ahmad Zaki Hamidi

Statistical and Spectral Feature Extraction of Oryzias Celebensis Heart Rate

Putra Wisnu Agung Sucipto, Khusnul Yaqin, Muhammad Amin Bakri, Setyo Supratno, Annisa
Firasanti and Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi

Interest Flooding Attack in Named Data Network: Case Study on Palapa Ring Topology
Jupriyadi Jupriyadi, Syaiful Ahdan, Adi Sucipto, Eki Ahmad Zaki H., Hasan Nur Arifin and Nana
Rachmana Syambas

Table Information Extraction Using Data Augmentation On Deep Learning And Image Processing
Izuardo Zulkarnain, Rin Rin Nurmalasari and Fazat Nur Azizah

Modification of Monopole Flower-Shaped Patch Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Communication

Systems
Nurul Fahmi Arief Hakim, Azwar Mudzakkir Ridwan and Tommi Hariyadi

Pending Interest Table (PIT) Performance Analysis in Named Data Networking on Palapa Ring
Topology
Adi Sucipto, Jupriyadi Jupriyadi, Syaiful Ahdan, Eki Az Hamidi, Hasan Nur Arifin and Nana
Rachmana Syambas

Road Segmentation with U-Net Architecture Using Jetson AGX Xavier For Autonomous Vehicle
Gunawan Gunawan, Muhammad Fikri Fadillah, Esa Prakasa, Bambang Sugiarto, Teguh Nurhadi
Suharsono and Rini Nuraini Sukmana
Selective Six-Pole Microstrip Bandpass Filters for 4G Applications
Ghaith Mansour, Faisel Tubbal, Ekasit Nugoolcharoenlap, Mana Abu Dirbalah, Raad Raad and
Wajid Ali Khan

Application of Certainty Factor Method to Diagnose Venereal Diseases Using Confusion Matrix For
Multi-Class Classification
Sumiati Sumiati, Eugenia Audrey, Lia Kamelia and Agung Triayudi

Performance Enhancement of 13.56 MHz Crystal Oscillator with Component Optimization for
Wireless Power Charging
Dinda Prameswari, Azwar Mudzakkir Ridwan, Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, Nurul Fahmi Arief
Hakim, Arip Budiman and Ahmad Fairozi

Design Microstrip Patch Ground Mirror Rectangular Slit Horizontal Antenna As DTV Antenna
Receiver
Sri Marini, Abdul Hafid Paronda, Andi Hasad, Sukwati Dewi Asrika, Muhammad Ilyas Sikki,
Muhammad Fikri Bivani Al Qohar, Muhammad Viki Nisfani Al Azis and Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi

Antenna Design for V2X Application in 5G Network

Vina Amalia Fitrianingrum and Joko Suryana

Effect of Different Locations of Millimeter Wave HAPS on the Downlink Sum Rate
Dwi Harinitha, Irma Zakia, Iskandar and Adit Kurniawan

A Web-Based Accounting Information System Application using CodeIngniter Framework: (A Case

Study Approach
Aryanti Ratnawati, Endah Kartikasari, Audita Setiawan, Ketut Abimanyu Munastha, Bambang
Susanto and Bambang Rustandi

Design of Monitoring System for Water Levels and Turbidity Water Canals Based on NodeMCU
Ayu Rosyida Zain, Maria Agustin, Prihatin Oktivasari, Nur Fauzi Soelaiman, Muhammad Fatih
Fahroji

Comparison of Reconstruction Algorithm on Sparse Representation based Classification (SRC) for

Face Recognition
Susmini Indriani Lestariningati, Andriyan Bayu Suksmono, Koredianto Usman, Ian Joseph Matheus
Edward and Dewi Iswaratika

Prototype Sorting Items for Disinfection Sterilization Using Smart Relay

Nivika Tiffany Somantri, Mughofa Zani, Azwar Mudzakkir Ridwan, Naftalin Winanti and Dede
Furqon Nurjaman

Smart Greenhouse System for Cultivation of Chili (Capsicum Annum L.) with Raspberry Pi 3B Based
on MQTT Protocol
Muhammad Alvito Aditya, Nur Rokhman, Mufid Ridlo Eff, Sugih Gumilar, Padlan Alqinsi and
Nanang Ismail

Security and Risk Assessment of Academic Information System By Using NIST Framework (A Case
Study Approach
Rangga Satria Perdana, Asep Effendy, Hendra Garnida, Abdul Fidayan, Femmy Nazar and Didin
Saepudin
Individual And Eligibility Verifiability Method For Verification Mechanism of Voter On E-Voting
System
Teguh Nurhadi Suharsono, H.R. Ricky Agusiady, Rini Nuraini Sukmana, Gunawan Gunawan,
Wahyudi Wahyudi and R. Rita Avianty

Design of Torque Controller Based on Field Oriented Control (FOC) Method on BLDC Motor
Ruli Jauhar, Nanang Ismail and Nike Sartika

Classification of interfaces on Named Data Networking Using machine learning

Ratna Mayasari, Nana Rachmana Syambas and Eueung Mulyana

Utilization of PLC control on pneumatic powered tofu press machine

Wisnu Wijaya, Dian Rosdiana, Mohamad Agus Fhaizal, Asep Apriyani, Winardi Sani dan Ricky
Agusiady

News Classification Based On News Headline Using SVC Classifier

Goldius Leonard, Fukriandy Sisnadi, Nicholas Vigo Wardhana, Muhammad Abdul Aziz Al-Ghofari,
Abba Suganda Girsang

Wireless Position Control of an Electric Power Steering System for Energy Optimization
Rina Ristiana, Rina Mardiati, Sunarto Kaleg, Abdul Hapid, Alexander Christantho Budiman, Aam
Muharam, Sudirja, Amin, Kristian Ismail

Gamification Implementation in The Learning Media for Waste Separation

Rini Nuraini Sukmana, Andessya Julian Pradinda, Teguh Nurhadi Suharsono, Gunawan Gunawan
and Riffa Haviani Laluma

Wideband Quadrature Coupler Implementation for a Balanced S Band Amplifier

Muhammad Rizqi, Nuh Theofilus Dwi Putra Hardjowono, Joko Suryana and Ahmad Izzuddin

Design and Implementation of UAV Remote Control and Monitoring in Cloud Infrastructure for IoT
Services
Agil Fuad Gumelar, Nadifa Rose Rachmawati, Nathan Tenka, Vieri Fajar Firdaus, Mochammad Faiq
Al-Harits, Nana Rachmana Syambas and Sulthon Furqandhani Araska

Cascade PID Control Loop Implementation For Liquid Tank Level in LabVIEW PC-Based Control
Using Arduino Mega as Data Acquisition
Dede Irawan Saputra, Aditiya Eko Pambudi, Asep Najmurrokhman, Zul Fakhri, Nenny Hendajany
and Didin Saepudin

Fire Fighting Robot Using Flame Detector and Ultrasonic Based on Fuzzy Logic Control
Rofid Komarul Ikbar, Edi Mulyana, Rina Mardiati and Rin Rin Nurmalasari

Design of Bias Tee for an S Band Power Amplifier

Muhammad Rizqi, Nuh Theofilus Dwi Putra Hardjowono, Joko Suryana and Ahmad Izzuddin

Factors That Affect The Effectiveness of Management Accounting Software

Lilis Puspitawati, Hanhan Hanafiah Solihin, Sukadwilinda Sukadwilinda, Ivany Syarief, Dody
Kusmana and Cecep Deni Mulyadi
Comparative Analysis of Network Congestion on IP and Named Data Networking
Hasan Nur Arifin, Nana Rachmana Syambas, Jupriyadi Jupriyadi, Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi and Adi
Sucipto

Wireless Interface Communication System On Water Level Monitoring Device Using NRF24L01+
PA LNA Transceiver Module
Adhitya Naufal Firdaus, Kusmadi Kusmadi, Nina Lestari, Bambang Susanto, Slamet Risnanto and
Erna Garnia

QGIS Implementation For Assesing Stock Estimation Of Blue Carbon On Seagrass Ecosystem (A
Case Study Approach
Muhammad Aliq Khalingga, Yudi Nurul Ihsan, Subiyanto, Aryanti Ratnawati, Sheila Zallesa, Ketut
Abimanyu Munastha

Load Balancing on Named Data Networking, Case Study: UIN Topology in Indonesia
Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, Syaiful Ahdan, Jupriyadi Jupriyadi, Adi Sucipto, Hasan Nur Arifin and
Nana Rachmana Syambas

On The Design of Object Stamping System Using Electro-Pneumatic Based on PLC OMRON CP1E
Agung Tri Wahyudi, Taufik Ramadhan, Fadli Afdhalash Adam, Nanang Ismail, Feri Rivaldi and
Mufid Ridlo Effendi

Implementation of 80MHz NodeMCU Lolin for Realtime Precision Maintenance Scheduler CPS
Calculation on a Volvo In-Line D16C610 Engine
Aditya Kurniawan, Kholilatul Wardani and Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi

An Automatic Sorting Machine Using Weight Sensor and Moisture Content Measurement for Sweet
Potatoes
Nina Lestari, Daffa Akbar Badri, Ahmad Khadafi, Ketut Abimanyu Munastha, Ivany Sarief and Wisnu
Wijaya

Joint Synchronization and Channel Equalization of Preamble-based GFDM

Vincent Vincent and Effrina Yanti Hamid

Performance Evaluation of 3 DOF Arm Robot With Forward Kinematics Denavit-Hartenberg Method
For Coffee Maker Machine
Hardy Purnama Nurba, Deden Hadian, Nina Lestari, Ketut Abimanyu Munastha, Hartuti
Mistialustina and Eva Rachmawati

Design of Multi Robot AGV Prototype Manuever Control Based on Inverted Camera
Aan Eko Setiawan, Angga Rusdinar, Syamsul Rizal, Rina Mardiati and Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi

Interference Analysis between LEO and GSO Satellites at Ku Band Frequency: Case Study on
Starlink and Telkom-3S
Agus Susanto and Iskandar Iskandar

Time Sorting Method for TOA-Based 3D Hyperbolic Positioning System

Haifa Nabila, Aisyah Novfitri, Raisah Nur Afifah
Autonomous Vehicle Guided with RFID Position Detection for Warehouse Management System
Rudy Gunawan, Parama Dicki Chandra, Kusmadi Kusmadi, Ade Geovania Azwar, Nurwathi
Nurwathi and Slamet Risnanto

Two-Axis Balancing System for Ship-Table Based on The Proportional Integral Derivative Controller
(PID) Methods
Hendra Noor Aditya, Rina Mardiati and Lia Kamelia

Security Implementation of Wifi Password Asset Sharing With One Way Hash Cryptography Method
Sha256 And QR Code
Dede Sudirman, Teguh Nurhadi Suharsono and Rina Mardiati

Analysis of UWB Wilkinson Power Divider Design Using 4-Stepped Patch and Ring Structure
Nurul Fahmi Arief Hakim, Nike Sartika, Mariya Al Qibtiya, Silmi Ath Thahirah Al Azhima, Tommi
Hariyadi and Iwan Kustiawan

IOT PROTOTYPE AIR QUALITY MONITORING USING LORA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

ON FREQUENCY 433 MHZ
Iskandar Iskandar and Adam Baihaqi

Boarding House Water Usage Monitoring System Using Internet of Things-Based Application
Doni Pradana Wira Ambara Arifin, Rina Mardiati, Mufid Ridlo Effendi and Nike Sartika

Design of a compact antenna and rectifier for a dual band rectenna operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz
Wajid Ali Khan, Raad Raad, Faisel Tubbal and Ghaith Mansour

Analysis Efficiency Network Performance of 4G LTE in Video Conference Applications

Dwi Pratiwi and Ian Joseph Matheus Edward

Web Dashboard Development for Cloud Server-Based Air Quality Monitoring System
Iskandar Iskandar and Via Nabila Hidayati

A PLC-BASED FLOWMETER CALIBRATION USING PID METODE

Cecep Deni Mulyadi, Ali Waliyullah Muwaffaq, Ivani Syarief, Dody Kusmana, Wisnu Wijaya and
Hanhan Hanafiah Solihin

Implementation of Geographic Information System for Road Maintenance Management Application

in Bandung Regency
Hendra Saepudin, Teguh Nurhadi Suharsono and Abdul Chalid

Double Slot Antipodal Vivaldi Structure for Ultrawideband Applications

Farrel Raditya Eduardi, Hepi Ludiyati and Hanny Madiawati

Performance of Some Frequency Reuse Schemes on LTE 900 MHz for Cell-Edge Users in Multi-
Layer LTE
Amran Paso Salmeno and Iskandar

Employing AI to Develop Green Space in Urban Area

A. Andini Radisya Pratiwi, Slamet Risnanto, Abdul Chalid, Kusmadi Kusmadi, Doni Romdhoni
Witarsa and Ketut Abimanyu Munastha
 Wireless Interface Communication System On
Water Level Monitoring Device Using NRF24L01+
PA LNA Transceiver Module
Adhitya Naufal Firdaus Kusmadi Nina Lestari
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
2022 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA) | 978-1-6654-5594-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/TSSA56819.2022.10063875

Universitas Sangga Buana Universitas Sangga Buana Universitas Sangga Buana

Bandung, Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia
adhityanaufal18@gmail.com kusmadi@usbypkp.ac.id nina.lestari@usbypkp.ac.id

Bambang Susanto Slamet Risnanto Erna Garnia

Universitas Sangga Buana Department of Informatics Engineering Universitas Sangga Buana
Bandung, Indonesia Universitas Sangga Buana Bandung, Indonesia
bambang.susanto@usbypkp.ac.id Bandung, Indonesia erna.garnia@usbypkp.ac.id
slamet.risnanto@usbypkp.ac.id

Abstract—Well Measurement of water level is very
important for Geothermal Well operations. Manual
measurement is very ineffective and inefficient because the
water level cannot be monitored in real time. So, a wireless
interface communication system was designed to monitor water
level using ultrasonic sensor and the NRF24L01+ PA LNA
transceiver communication module. The NRF24L01+ PA LNA
is a long-distance wireless communication module that utilizes a
2.4-2.5 GHz radio wave frequency equipped with a Low Noise
Amplifier and Power Amplifier. The distance data from the
sensor transmitted by the NRF24L01+ PA LNA communication
module will be displayed on the LCD and the thingspeak website
platform. By using this method, the water level can be
monitored quickly in real time and efficiently. The test results of
communication modules show that the capability of the
NRF24L01+ PA LNA module is quite good and effective in
transmitting data at a maximum distance of 200 meters.
Keywords—wireless interface communication, ultrasonic
sensor, NRF24L01+ PA LNA, thingspeak, IOT
I. INTRODUCTION
Geothermal is a source of heat energy contained and
formed in the earth's crust. Geothermal is a source of thermal
energy contained in hot water, steam and rock along with
minerals and gases which are genetically inseparable in a
geothermal system and for their use a mining process is
required. Geothermal energy can be used as a substitute for
electric power that uses fuel oil so that it can be used as an
alternative energy source to save national oil reserves[1].
Geothermal field are divided into two types of areas, the
dominant steam phase and the dominant water phase. The
Ulubelu geothermal area, in Lampung Province, is an area that
has a dominant type of water. So that each geothermal well
cluster is required to have a cooling water pond or water
reservoir when testing production wells.
Geothermal wells in the Ulubelu Area have a greater water
content than steam with a percentage of 80% : 20%. Therefore
the pond level must be maintained in geothermal well
operations. Especially when the process of testing and
manoeuvring geothermal production wells. However, some
cooling water ponds or water reservoirs in production well
clusters are not equipped with a Level Transmitter as a water
level monitoring tool. So the pond level is measured manually
This work is partially supported by the 2022 Research Competitive
Grants contract number 3/20/KP-HIBER/LPPM/IV/2022 from the Institute
of Research and Community Services, Universitas Sangga Buana, YPKP.
by the operator. This method is ineffective and inefficient
because the water level cannot be monitored in real time and
potentially cause flooding to the environment.
Therefore, we need a method to monitor the water level in
real time that is easy to operate. So a wireless interface
communication system was designed to monitor water level
using the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor and the NRF24L01+
PA LNA transceiver communication module. The altitude
data is then displayed wirelessly on the LCD and the
thingspeak website platform. By using this method, the water
level can be monitored quickly in real time and more
efficiently.
A. Wireless Communication System
Wireless communication is a form of sending information
between two or more points that are not connected by
electrical conductors or cables. Connection between points
requires a radio channel as a medium for transmitting the
information signal sent. As it passes through the radio channel,
the signal passes through various obstacles in the propagation
path. This results in attenuation of the signal at the receiver
device[2].
Wireless channels are the main factor limiting the
performance of wireless communication systems. The
transmission distance between the transmitter and the receiver
can vary from LOS (line of sight) to being covered by
obstructions such as buildings, hills and trees (NLOS). In
contrast to channels that use predictable cables, radio channels
are random and cannot be analyzed easily[3].
B. NRF24L01+ PA LNA Transceiver Module
The NRF24L01 module is a long-range wireless
communication module that utilizes the 2.4-2.5 GHz ISM
(Industrial Scientific and Medical). The data transmission
speed of this module is quite high up to 2 Mbps. The output
power, frequency channel, and protocol settings are
programmed through the Serial Parallel Interface (SPI)
interface to communicate with the microcontroller. The
current consumption of this module is very low, which is only
9.0 mA at -6 dBm output power and 12.3 mA in receiver
mode[4].
In addition, the NRF24L01 module also features a ULP
solution or Ultra Low Power, which allows months to years

978-1-6654-5594-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: Institut Teknologi Bandung. Downloaded on March 23,2023 at 06:42:01 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
of battery life[5]. The NRF24L01+ PA LNA module are The specification of the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor can
shown in Figures 1. below. be seen table II.

TABLE II. SPECIFICATION OF JSN-SR04T ULTRASONIC SENSOR

No Parameters Specification
1 Operating Voltage DC 3.0 – 5.5 V
2 Working Current Less than 8 mA
3 Probe Frequency 40 kHz
4 Farthest Range 600 cm
5 Recent Range 20 cm
6 Distance Accuracy +- 1 cm
7 Resolution 1 mm
8 Measuring Angle 75 degrees
Fig. 1. NRF24L01+ PA LNA Transceiver Module
1, 10 uS above the TTL pulse
9 Enter the trigger signal 2, the serial port to send
The specifications of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module
instructions 0X55
can be seen in table I. below.
Output pulse width level signal,
10 Output the echo signal
TABLE I. SPECIFICATION OF NRF24L01+ PA LNA MODULE or TTL
3– 5.5 V (power positive)
No Parameters Specification Trig (RX) RX
1 Maximum output power +20 dBm 11 Wiring
Echo (Output) TX
2 Emission mode current (peak) 115 mA GND (power supply) negative
3 Receive Mode Current (peak) 45 mA 12 Product Size L42*W29*H12 mm
4 Power-down mode current 4.2 μA 13 Operating temperature -20˚C to +70˚C
5 Sensitivity 2Mbps mode in received -92 dBm 15 Product color PCB board is blue
6 Sensitivity 1Mbps mode in received -95 dBm
Sensitivity 6000kbps mode in D. Arduino Nano
7 -104 dBm
received Arduino Nano is a board development of a small
8 PA gain 20 dB microcontroller based on the ATmega328P chip.
9 LNA gain 10 dB Functionally, Arduino nano is almost the same as Arduino
10 LNA Noise figure 2.6 dB Uno.
11 Antenna Gain (peak) 2 dBI
The specifications of Arduino Nano can be seen in table
III. below.
C. JSN-SR04T Ultrasonic Sensor TABLE III. SPECIFICATION OF ARDUINO NANO
JSN-SR04T sensor is a waterproof ultrasonic sensor No Parameters Specification
equipped with a 2.5meter long cable connected to the breakout 1 Microcontroller ATmega328
board as a sensor controller and signal processor. Ultrasonic 2 Operating voltage 5V
sensors work by emitting ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic waves 3 Input voltage 7-12 V
are reflected from the object being directed and then detected 4 Input voltage range 6-20 V
by ultrasonic sensors[6]. The JSN-SR04T sensor is shown in 14 (6 used for output
5 Pin I/O Digital
Fig 2. below. PWM)
6 Pin Input Analog 8
7 DC current per pin I/O 40 mA
16 kB (ATmega168) 32
8 Flash Memory
kB (ATmega328
1 kB (ATmega168) 2 kB
9 SRAM
(ATmega328
512 Bytes (ATmega168)
10 EEPROM
1 kB (ATmega328
11 Clock speed 16 MHz
12 Dimension 0.73 cm × 1.70 cm
13 Panjang 45 mm
14 Lebar 18 mm
15 weight 5g
Fig. 2. JSN-SR04T Ultrasonic Sensor

To calculate the distance between the sensor and the object
being directed, it can be done by calculating the elapsed time
between transmitting and receiving sound waves as in the
following equation[6].
!"#$%&' (") = +,''- ./ +.0%- (&1 / ") × #!1' (3")
What sets it apart is that the Arduino nano uses a Mini-B
USB connector and doesn't have a power jack and has two
more analog pins than the Arduino Uno[7]. Arduino nano is
shown in Fig. 3. below.
(1)

Authorized licensed use limited to: Institut Teknologi Bandung. Downloaded on March 23,2023 at 06:42:01 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Mount Tanggamus, Lampung Province. The Ulubelu
Geothermal Area has production wells that have two-phase
properties with the dominance of brine (80%) and steam
(20%) so that each cluster has an average of two to four
cooling ponds. The view of the cooling pond in the geothermal
field is shown in Fig. 5. below.

Fig. 3. Arduino Nano

E. NodeMCU ESP8266
The ESP8266 module is a fully supported low-cost WiFi
module. Via TCP/IP or UDP. ESP8266 was developed by
Chinese developer, "Espreffif". This WiFi module is a SoC
(system on chip), so it can be programmed directly with the Fig. 5. Ulubelu Geothermal Cooling Pond
ESP8266 without the need for an additional microcontroller.
The Esp8266 module also offers unmatched functionality to II. RESEARCH METHODS
incorporate WiFi functionality into other systems and act as a A. Block Diagram
standalone application with minimal footprint at low cost[8].
The block diagram below describes the communication
NodeMCU ESP8266 is shown in Fig. 4. below.
system process from input to output. The process is described
in Fig. 6. below.

Transmitter Receiver LCD

Power Supply Ultrasonic module module
sensor JSN- NRF24L01+ NRF24L01+
3.3 - 5 VDC SR04T PA PA
LNA+PA/LNA LNA+PA/LNA Thingspeak

Fig. 6. Communication Systems Block Diagram

Fig. 4. NodeMCU ESP8266
B. Design
The specifications of NodeMCU ESP8266 can be seen in
The design are very important in this research. The design
table IV. Below.
is divided into mechanical design, program design, transmitter
TABLE IV. SPECIFICATION OF NODEMCU ESP8266 module design and receiver module design.
No Parameters Specification a). Mechanical Design
1 Operating Voltage 2.5 – 3.6 VDC After the system can function properly, a mechanical
2 Input Voltage 5 VDC design is needed to maintain the reliability of sensors and
3 GPIO 13 other devices. The mechanical design carried out is making
4 ADC 1 Pin (10 Bit) the cover module transmitter and the cover module the
5 Wi-fi Protocol 802.11 b/g/n/e/i receiver. The mechanical design of the cover module
transmitter and receiver can be seen in Fig. 7. below.
F. Thingspeak
Thingspeak is an open source website based on internet of
things that provides services for IoT needs and can receive
information using the HTTP protocol over the internet
network[9]. Platform is able to collect, store, analyze,
visualize, and perform actions on information sent from
sensors such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Black BeagleBone,
and other hardware[10].
Fig. 7. Mechanical design of the transmitter and receiver module
G. Cooling Pond
Cooling pond is a reservoir in the geothermal field that b). Program Design
serves to accommodate brine or water from production wells Program design or coding is done so that the device can
during the well testing process or geothermal production well operate according to the concept. The program is designed
maneuvers. In addition, the cooling pond also functions to using Arduino IDE including the transmitter or sensor side and
maximize the brine before it is channeled to the reinjection the receiver or user interface.
well using a pump[11].
c). Design of the Transmitter Module
The Ulubelu Geothermal Area is one of Pertamina
Geothermal Energy's working areas located in the area of The transmitter module includes port as a power source
connector, the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor as a distance

Authorized licensed use limited to: Institut Teknologi Bandung. Downloaded on March 23,2023 at 06:42:01 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
detection sensor, Arduino Nano as a controller and the
NRF24L01+ PA LNA module as a communication medium
that will transmit distance or altitude data wirelessly. Module
transmitter is done using the software Eagle. The design can
be seen in Fig. 8 below.
d. Tools and Materials
In conducting research, tools and materials are needed to
design tools according to the concept. The equipment used in
this study is shown in table V. below.

TABLE V. TOOLS AND MATERIALS

No Name Total
1 NRF24L01+ PA LNA 2
2 Arduino Nano 1
3 ESP8266 NodeMCU 1
4 DC Jack Barrel 2
5 Voltage to current converter 0-5v to 4-20m 1
6 Power Supply 12V 1A 1
7 Push Button 1
Fig. 8. Design of transmitter module
8 Female Header 2
9 Male Header 1
d). Design of the Receiver Module
10 LCD with I2C 1602 1
The receiver module includes NRF24L01+ PA LNA as a 11 Capacitor 1000uF 6.8V 1
communication medium that will receive data wirelessly from 12 Waterproof Ultrasonic sensor JSN-SR04T 1
the transmitter, NodeMCU ESP8266 as an additional 13 Buzzer 1
controller that converts distance or altitude data to an LCD 14 LED 1
15 Resistor 220 ½ W 1
display and the thingspeak as a platform IoT as a cloud and
16 Buck Converter MP1584 1
user interface to display data via an internet connection.
Module design receiver is done using software Eagle. The
design can be seen in Fig. 9 below. D. Flowchart
The flow chart of the wireless interface communication
system based on the NRF24L01+ PA LNA transceiver
module is shown in Fig. 10 below.
Start

Send Ultrasonic
Pulse

Time Count

Fig. 9. Design of receiver module Receive Ultrasonic

Pulse

C. Testing Method
Count Distance =
At this stage, the data collection method is carried out to duration*0.034/2
test the function and reliability of the system. The data
collection includes the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor data
collection and the NRF24L01+ PA LNA wireless module. Data Valid?
No

a. JSN-SR04T Ultrasonic Sensor Data Collecting

JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor data collection was done by
placing the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor in an aquarium filled
with water with different height variations. The water level
data detected by the sensor is then sent by the NRF24L01+ PA
LNA wireless module to be displayed on the LCD display and
web thingspeak.
b. Data retrieval of Communication Distance of NRF24L01+
PA LNA Module
Data retrieval of communication distance of NRF24L01+
PA LNA module is done by moving the receiver at different
distance variations.
c. Time and Place
Research This research was conducted from May 2022 to
June 2022. The place of research was conducted at PT.
Pertamina Geothermal Energy Ulubelu Area, Tanggamus
Regency, Lampung Province.
Yes
Send Data
Send Out of Range
Fig. 10. Transmitter module flowchart
III. TESTING AND THE RESULT
The implementation of the research is to design a wireless
interface communication system on a portable water level
device using the transceiver NRF24L01+ PA LNA. The
system consists of two main devices, namely transmitter that
functions as a signal sender in the form of distance data from
the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor and receiver that functions
as a signal receiver in the form of distance data which will then
be displayed on the interface display.

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A. Testing of Communication Module NRF24L01+ PA LNA The results of data collection that have been obtained are
Testing the communication range of the NRF24L01+ PA described in table VI below.
LNA module is done by moving the transmitter. In this test,
TABLE VI. TEST RESULT OF NRF24L01+ PA LNA MODULE
the transmitter used to measure the distance or water level in
the culvert every 10 meters module the receiver is placed in a Manual Sensor
Deviati Buzzer
room that is blocked by a building. To test the communication Range Measure Measure Error
No on (ON/O
of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module, measurements were (m) ment ment (%)
(cm) FF)
(cm) (cm)
taken at a distance of less than 100 cm. Buzzer will sound 1 10 57.2 57 0.2 0.35% ON
when the measured distance is less than 100 cm. When the
buzzer does not sound and the reading on the LCD display is 2 20 59.15 59 0.15 0.25% ON
stuck at a measurement of less than 100 cm, it indicates that 3 30 59.6 59 0.6 1.01% ON
the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module is no longer able to 4 40 60.2 60 0.2 0.33% ON
communicate. So, from this test obtained the maximum
distance range that can be operated. An overview of data 5 50 60.4 60 0.4 0.66% ON
collection can be seen in Fig. 11 below. 6 60 65.4 65 0.4 0.61% ON
7 70 65.7 65 0.7 1.07% ON
8 80 61.8 61 0.8 1.29% ON
9 90 69.5 69 0.5 0.72% ON
10 100 69.8 69 0.8 1.15% ON
11 110 74.1 73 1.1 1.48% ON
12 120 73.9 73 0.9 1.22% ON
13 130 71 70 1 1.41% ON
14 140 69.2 68 1.2 1.73% ON
15 150 69.1 68 1.1 1.59% ON
16 160 71 70 1 1.41% ON
Fig. 11. Placement of transmitter module
17 170 72.2 71 1.2 1.66% ON
18 180 72.4 71 1.4 1.93% ON
19 190 73.2 72 1.2 1.64% ON
20 200 74.5 73 1.5 2.01% ON
21 210 75 0 75 100% OFF
22 220 75.3 0 75.3 100% OFF
23 230 75.8 0 75.8 100% OFF
AVERAGE 68.50 57.96 10.54 14%

The data in table VI above shows the results of measuring

Fig. 12. Placement of receiver module
a). Data retrieval of Communication Module
NRF24L01+ PA LNA
Communication distance of NRF24L01+ PA LNA module
is tested by moving the transmitter at different distance
variations. So that from this test data is obtained how far the
range of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module is in transmitting
signals or data. The data is taken every 10 meters in the culvert
to assess the communication range capability of the
NRF24L01+ PA module. The sampling point is shown in Fig.
13 below.
the water level flowing in culverts with different distance
variations. From the test results of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA
communication module above, the results show that the
average error is 14% and it is known that there are fluctuations
in the deviation value. The measurement deviation
fluctuations that occur are due to the influence of the ripples
of water flowing in the culverts.
The Graph of NRF24L01+ PA LNA Error to Range
100,00%
90,00%
80,00%
70,00%
Error (%)

60,00%
50,00%
40,00%
30,00%
20,00%
10,00%
0,00%
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230

Distance Range (meters)

Fig. 13. NRF24L01+ PA LNA sampling point Fig. 14. Graph of NRF24L01+ PA LNA Error to Range

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 Then it analyzed for the maximum communication
distance range testing of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module.
The analysis is shown in the graph in Fig. 14.
The graph above shows the communication range for
measurement errors that occur. From the graph, it is known
that at a distance of more than 200 meters, the measurement
error shows a value of 100% which is indicated by an LCD
display that shows a zero value and buzzer that does not
sound. This indicates that the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module
is no longer able to receive communication signals.
One of the factors that causes the limited range of
communication distance of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module
is the occurrence of fading during signal reception. Fading is
a symptom of collision in the radio wave path which results in
increased attenuation of the received signal. The attenuation is
in the form of buildings and elevation differences at the time
of testing so that it hinders the data transmission process. In
fixed geographical conditions, fading can be affected by
changes in the weather in the atmosphere. Because the
propagation of radio waves must be one line of sight and
changing atmospheric conditions allow reflection, diffraction
and refraction to occur[12].
It can also be seen that the range of communication
distances that can be covered by the NRF24L01+ PA LNA
module is proven to be further when compared to the previous
version of the NRF24L01 module which has a maximum
mileage specification of 100 meters in unobstructed
conditions (Line of Sight) [4].
So, from the tests that have been carried out it can be seen
that the ability of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module is quite
good and effective in transmitting data at a maximum distance
of 200 meters.
IV. CONCLUSION
After doing this research, we know that the
communication system on portable water level monitoring
device using NRF24L01+ PA LNA transceiver module has
been successfully implemented. Based on the test, it can be
seen that the ability of the NRF24L01+ PA LNA module is
quite good and effective in transmitting data at 200 meters
maximum distance.
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