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All numbers and specifications listed in this program are used for illustration
purposes only. Current information can be found in the Service Manuals located on
QuickServe Online.

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After completing this course you should be able to:

Trace the flow through various versions of the X series engine and

Identify major lube system components

1050 0049 Scene Number:

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The lubricating oil flow begins as oil is drawn from the oil pan through a screen in
the end of the rigid, internal suction tube by the gear driven oil pump. The suction
tube configuration depends on whether the oil pan is to be mounted as a front or
rear sump configuration.

The standard oil pan for the X Series engine has an oil capacity of 12 gallons.

With filters and coolers the total system capacity is 13 gallons.

Other capacities are determined by the application of the engine.

1060 0049 Scene Number:

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The suction tube delivers oil to the gear driven oil pump. The gears in the oil pump
supply oil pressure to the lubrication system. At normal operating temperature,
minimum oil pressure at low idle is 20 psi. At no load governed speed the oil
pressure will reach 35 to 45 psi.

1070 0049 Scene Number:

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The lubricating oil high pressure relief valve in the oil pump limits the maximum
output of the oil pump. This valve is held closed by spring force. If the pressure from
the oil pump reaches approximately 130 psi, the relief valve opens and allows some
oil flow to return to the oil pan through an opening in the pump.

1080 0049 Scene Number:

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The oil pressure regulator position is controlled by engine oil pressure. This regulator
controls the system oil pressure by bleeding off excess oil flow to reduce the
pressure to the desired level.

Oil flowing through the open regulator is returned to the inlet side of the oil pump.

1090 0049 Scene Number:

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The pump then delivers the lubricating oil through an internal vertical passage in the
engine block to the oil cooler housing.

1100 0049 Scene Number:

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Oil flows from the front of the oil cooler housing to the oil thermostat. If the oil is
cold, the thermostat will be open through the center of the thermostat. Bypassing
the oil cooler when the oil is cold helps the oil to reach operating temperature more
quickly, which reduces engine parasitic loads and improves efficiency.

1110 0049 Scene Number:

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As the temperature of the oil increases, the thermostat closes off the oil cooler
bypass passage and directs the oil flow to the transfer tube in the oil cooler housing.
This transfer tube is shaped to balance the flow of oil into the two oil cooler
elements.

1120 0049 Scene Number:

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The oil is cooled as it flows through the low restriction oil cooler elements and
coolant is passed on the outside of the plates.

1130 0049 Scene Number:

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Oil from the cooler, or the cooler bypass passage, flows to the combination oil filter.

1140 0049 Scene Number:

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The new Fleetguard StrataPore combination oil filter combines full-flow and bypass
filtration into one innovative package called the Venturi Combo. This filter provides
30 micron filtration of oil passing through the full flow media and10 micron filtration
of oil passing through the bypass media. This filter eliminates the need for a separate
bypass oil circuit. 15 to 20 percent of the flow passes through the bypass media,
with the remaining oil flow passing through the full-flow media. The bypass media is
more efficient at removing sludge and fine particles from the oil.

By increasing the flow through the bypass media, the filter provides increased
uptime, better engine protection, reduced wear, and lower operating costs.
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The oil filter bypass valve is designed to protect the engine in case of low oil flow
through the oil filter.

This valve opens when the pressure differential across the oil filter element is
greater than 125 psi. This maintains oil flow if a filter becomes plugged and prevents
filter collapse due to high pressure differential at cold start-up.

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The turbocharger oil supply line connects to a fitting in the oil filter head. The supply
line directs the filtered oil under pressure to the turbocharger. Once in the
turbocharger, the oil flows to the bearing journals and the thrust bearing to cool the
turbocharger. Once the oil is supplied through the bearings, it flows, under gravity,
back into the engine oil pan through the turbocharger drain line.

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The remaining cooled and filtered oil enters the oil circuit in the block through a cast
passage. Oil entering the main oil rifle on the exhaust side of the engine splits and
travels to the front and rear of the engine.

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Seven angled transfer drillings connect the main oil rifle with the seven main bearing
saddles. Oil flows down these drillings to the main bearing upper shells. The groove
in the upper main bearing shell directs the flow of oil into the bearing surface.

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From the main bearings, oil enters the cross drillings in the crankshaft. Oil in the
crankshaft flows through cross drillings to the connecting rod journal bearings.

1200 0049 Scene Number:

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Some of the oil at the rod bearing surface flows through a drilled passage in the rod
to lubricate the piston pin.

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On the exhaust side of the engine, oil travels to the overhead through vertical
passages at the front and rear of the engine block and cylinder head. These passages
supply oil to the center of the valve rocker shafts. Oil travels through a center drilling
to supply oil to each of the rockers.

Cross drillings in the shaft allow the oil to transfer from inside the shaft to the rocker
lever bores.

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If the engine is equipped with engine brakes, the drilling in the center of the rocker
shaft supplies oil for brake activation. Additional information about the Engine brake
can be found in the engine brake course.

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Cross drillings in the valve rocker shafts connect with a drilling in the head. This
drilling supplies oil to the camshaft bushings.
1240 0049 Scene Number:

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Oil at the front and rear of the main oil rifle enters a cavity on the front and rear face
of the engine block. Oil entering these cavities flows across the block to the fuel
pump side of the engine.

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Part of the oil enters each end of the fuel pump side main oil rifle and flows toward
the center of the block.

Vertical drillings intersecting this piston cooling oil rifle provide a flow path for oil to
the piston cooling nozzles.

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The piston cooling nozzle is held in position by a special drilled cap screw. Oil from
the fuel pump side main oil rifle feeds through the cap screw and into the piston
cooling nozzle. The piston cooling nozzle bodies are made of a composite material
and targeted to control the oil spray.

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Oil from the nozzles is directed to the underside of the piston to cool the piston head
for each cylinder.

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Oil on the fuel pump side of the engine also flows to the overhead through vertical
drillings at the front and rear of the engine block and cylinder head.

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Oil transfers from vertical drillings through a groove in the outer diameter of the
front and rear camshaft journals. A cross drilling in the journal supplies oil to the oil
rifle in the center of the camshaft.

Cross drillings in the camshaft supply oil to each of the remaining injector camshaft
journals.

1300 0049 Scene Number:

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The groove in the front and rear camshaft journals also direct oil flow to the injector
rocker shafts. A center drilling through each of the shafts and cross drillings provide
lubrication for the injector rocker levers.

1310 0049 Scene Number:

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Oil flow from the overhead drains into a passage at the front and rear of the fuel
pump side of the cylinder head. At the rear of the engine, oil flows directly back to
the oil pan. At the front of the engine, oil flows through an opening in the Injector
camshaft retainer and into the gear cover. This provides splash lubrication for the
front gear train before the oil returns to the oil pan.

1320 0049 Scene Number:

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The slotted opening in the gasket, along with the channel in the rear face of the gear
housing, provides a flow path for oil to transfer to the air compressor and the oil
pressure regulator in the oil pump.

1330 0049 Scene Number:

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The channel in the back of the gear housing is connected by drillings in the block to
the pressure regulator in the oil pump. The pressure regulating valve is held in the
closed position by spring force. When the pressure from the sensing line reaches
approximately 40 psi, the valve opens. Oil flow through the open valve returns to the
inlet side of the oil pump through internal drillings in the pump.

1340 0049 Scene Number:

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Passages in the gear housing also direct the flow of oil to a drilling in the air
compressor mounting flange. Oil flow in the air compressor lubricates the
compressor crankshaft, cylinder, and connecting rod. From the air compressor
crankcase, the oil drains through the gear housing and returns to the oil pan.

1350 0049 Scene Number:

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A passage in the front face of the engine block aligns with a drilling in the Lower Idler
Concept Gear shaft. Oil flowing through this opening lubricates the idler gear and
shaft.
1360 0049 Scene Number:

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A passage connected to the vertical drilling in the engine block supplies oil to the
adjustable idler spacer. Oil flowing through this opening is directed to lubricate the
adjustable idler gear shaft.

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"You are about to leave the Virtual Classroom and take the assessment. Select
""Next"" to continue to the assessment. Select ""Back"" to return to the Virtual
Classroom or click on the Program Guide icon to view the program guide. Note: If
you are in Review Mode selecting ""Next"" will either return you to the Main Menu if
you have completed all of the modules in your Play List, or it will take you to the next
module in your Play List.

1560 0049 Scene Number:

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The slotted opening in the gear housing gasket and the rear face of the gear housing
supply oil to which of the following components?

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Which of the following is TRUE about the oil flow through the piston cooling nozzles?

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Which of the following does NOT contain a center drilling to supply oil to engine
components?

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What percent of the oil flows through the bypass filter media?

1600 0049 Scene Number:

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With the oil temperature of the engine at 230 degrees, the oil flows from the oil
pump to the oil cooler and next to the…