REPUBLIC OF KENYA AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK

PREPARATION MISSION FOR THE NATIONAL URBAN WATER

SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROGRAM

AIDE MEMOIRE

Preparation Mission: 30 October – 10 November 2023

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. AnAfrican Development Bank (AfDB)team comprisingEmily Kilongi (Water &
Sanitation Officer), Nancy Ogal (Water and Sanitation Engineer), Mursal Ardale Abi (Young
Professional), David Gacheru (Procurement Officer), David Muthusi (Financial Management
specialist), Kalekye Mwau (Disbursement Assistant), Sadok Hidri (Financial Analyst), Janinah
Gasanah (Gender Officer), Muthoni Nduhiu (Climate Change and Green Growth Specialist),
Emmanuel Nyirinkwaya (Fragility and Resilience Officer), Kingsley Ejim ( Environment and
Social Safeguards Officer), Martin Wafula Nandelenga (Macro-economist)Chikanne Ezeigbo
(Civil Society Engagement Expert) and Susan O’lango (Social development Officer),undertook
a preparation mission in Kenya from 30 October to 10November 2023 for the proposed
“National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Program (NUWSSP) to be financedthrough a loan
from the African Development Bank(ADB).

1.2. The missionfollowed the initial request for financing from the Government of the
Republic of Kenya (GoK) dated 20 January 2023 and subsequent inclusion of the National
Urban Water Supply and Sanitation program in the Country Strategy Paper (CSP) covering the
period 2024 – 2028. The Bank also received a correspondence from the Government dated 31 st
October 2023 confirming that the program is among the priority list of projects to be included in
the lending program for 2024.

1.3. The mission held discussions with officials of the GoK including the National Treasury,
Ministry of Water, Sanitation and Irrigation (MoWSI), the nine (9) Water Works Development
Agencies (WWDAs), namely Athi Water Works Development Agency(AWWDA), Coast Water
Works Development Agency (CWWDA), Lake Victoria North Water Works Development
Agency (LVNWWDA), Lake Victoria South Water Works Development Agency
(LVSWWDA), Northern Water Works Development Agency (NWWDA), Central Rift Valley
Water Works Development Agency (CRVWWDA), North Rift Valley Water Works
Development Agency (NRVWWDA), Tana Water Works Development Agency (TWWDA) and
Tanathi Water Works Development Agency(TAWWDA). The mission also met; Water Services
Regulatory Board (WASREB), Water Resources Authority (WRA), Regional Center on Ground
Water Resources Education, Research and Training (RCGWRERT) and the Kenya Water
Institute (KEWI). The mission visited the following towns: Nairobi, Kikuyu, Migori, Kehancha,
Homa Bay and Oyugis and met with various stakeholders, including the Governors of Migori

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and Homa Bay counties, County Government staff,water services providers (WSPs),potential
project beneficiaries and civil society organisations.

1.4. The mission also held consultative meetings with Development Partners who are active
in the water sector such as the World Bank (WB), French Development Agency (AFD), German
Development Agency (KfW), European Investment Bank (EIB), theJapan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Global Center on Adaptation (GCA).

1.5. This Aide Memoire summarizes the findings of the mission and agreements reached with
the GoK on the outcome of the mission. It is understood that the conclusions and
recommendations recorded herein are signed “ad referendum”, subject to the approval of the
Senior Management of the Bank.

2. MISSION FINDINGS
2.1. Sector Brief

2.1.1. Access to water and sanitation in Kenya lags population growth, as only 70% of Kenyans
have access to basic drinking water and only 32% have access to basic sanitation. The 2019
Kenya Population and Housing Census estimates the population at 47.5 million, 31% of whom
are urban dwellers, with an annual population growth rate of 2.2%. As people move to cities,
estimates suggest that 30 million Kenyans (48% of the population) are expected to live in urban
areas by 2030. This places increased demands on urban infrastructure and stretches the limited
available sector finance for services.

2.1.2. It is widely acknowledged that rapid urbanization in Kenya has been highly successful in
supporting the gross domestic product (GDP) growth, economic transformation, productivity
increases, income, and employment creation. Towns are the engines of sustainable economic
growth and social development. Furthermore, following the promulgation of the Constitution of
Kenya 2010, the 47 County Governments are now responsible for devolved services resulting in
an increase in the urban population.

2.1.3. The Ministry of Water, Sanitation and Irrigation aims to achieve progressive realization
of access to clean and safe water in adequate quantities, provision of reasonable standards of
sanitation and attainment of food security as stipulated in article 43 (b) (c) and (d) of the
Constitution. The Ministry has thus developed a national water sector investment and financing
plan aggregated from county government plans known as the National Water and Sanitation
Investment and Financing Plan (NAWASIP). The NAWASIP provides key result areas in the
period 2023-2030 for rural and urban water supply and sanitation. By the year 2030 it is
projected that KES 236 billion (USD 1.6 billion)will be required for water supply in urban areas
and urban sanitation will require KES 365 billion (USD 2.4 billion). This program is therefore
aligned in supporting both the National and County Governments in bridging the financing
deficitfor water supply and sanitation infrastructure development in urban towns in Kenya.

2.2. Program objective

2.2.1. The Government of Kenya has prioritized attainment of universal access to Water
Services and Sanitation by the year 2030. The sector goal is to contribute to the health and
quality of life and reduce poverty levels through spurring private sector growth as a result of
investment in water and sanitation services on a sustainable basis.

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2.2.2. The specific objective of the program is to implement water supply and sewerage
projects in various towns in Kenya with a view to catalyzing commercial activities, driving
economic growth, improving quality of life of the people and building resilience against climate
variability and change. It will increase both water and sewerage coverage in the country and
contribute to promotion of private sector growth.

2.3. Proposed Program

2.3.1. Proposed program components and activities:The proposed program will comprise of
four (4) components: a) Water Supply&Sanitation Infrastructure; b) Institutional Development
Support; c) Program Management; and d) Knowledge Management.

Component A: Water Supply&Sanitation Infrastructure

This component includes the construction and rehabilitation of water supply infrastructure
(intakes, pipelines, water treatment plants, reservoirs, distribution networks, last mile
connections and metering) and construction and rehabilitation ofsanitation infrastructure
( construction of wastewater treatment plants, trunk sewers, lateral sewers, last mile connections,
Ablution blocks). From discussions with the Government, it was agreed that the first priority in
the program will be provision of last mile connectivity to the projects that were implemented
under the Bank financed Kenya Towns Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation Program in
order to ensure functionality of the installed infrastructure and ultimate access to services for the
project beneficiaries.
The mission recommended that under this component, agencies to include climate change
adaptation and mitigation measures that will be incorporated in the program such as climate
proofing of infrastructure, watershed management practices and solarization of pumps. The
mission also recommended integration of some city wide inclusive sanitation practices for non-
sewered areas in sub-projects that have sanitation components.

Indicative list of sub-projects and their readiness are provided in Annex 1. It was agreed that all
documents that have not been submitted to the Bank to be submitted by 31 January 2024.

Component B: Institutional Development Support

This component will ensure sustainability of the infrastructure constructed and also guarantee
return on investment. The component will: assist in provision of water and wastewater testing
laboratories and equipment to Water Service Providers and KEWI; provision of equipment to
manage Non-revenue water; provision of equipment for sewer maintenance; support to
WASREB, WRA and the RCGWRERT; enhance the capacity of WSPs to improve technical,
commercial, and financial performance as well as in preparation of bankable projects; support to
improve the billing and revenue collection systems; and sanitation and hygiene promotion;

Preparation of future investment projects will also be supported under this component.

Component C: Program Management

A program implementation team will be created for each cluster of WWDAs, staffed by

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adequately skilled personnel. This component will entail support to the daily operation of the
program, implementation of environmental and social management plans (ESMPs), program
financial and technical audits and monitoring and evaluation.

Component D: Knowledge Management

This component will involve capturing, storing and sharing of knowledge and experience in
order to improve productivity and retain critical information relating to the program. Specific
activities will include; training of women and youth on management of water and sanitation
businesses arising out of the program; organizing workshops and seminars for knowledge and
experience sharing; research and formulating an innovation hub.

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2.3.2. Indicative Program Cost and Financing Arrangements:Indicative cost of the program
is KES17.7 billion (approximately UA91 million) net of tax and duties. The funding required
and the tentative source of funding to finance the program is presented below.
Source of funds (million)
Source of Funds USD KES UA %
ADB Loan 100 15,100 78 86
GoK 17 2,600 13 14
Total 117 17,700 91 100

NB: Actual program cost will be confirmed based on firming up co-financing from other development partners and other grant
sources

2.4. Implementation Arrangement

2.4.1. The executing agency (EA) for the program is the MoWSI, who will have a coordinating
role and it is recommended that a program implementation team (PIT) be established at the
MOWSI for coordination purposes. The actual implementation will be done by the(PITs)
established in the WWDAs and KEWI.The program will have 13 agencies under the Ministry of
Water, Sanitation and Irrigation benefitting from the National Urban Water Supply and
Sanitation Program.Though the MOWSI and WWDAs proposed that each agency implements
their project components directly, the Bank reviewed the implementation arrangements and
recommendthat for efficiency and effectiveness, the agencies to be clustered and only five (5)
agencies to act as implementing agencies as follows;

i. Athi Water Works Development Agency as lead agency to be clustered with Tanathi
Water Works Development Agency, Coast Water Works Development Agency, Water
Resources Authority, Water Services Regulatory Board and Regional Center on Ground
Water Resources Education, Research and Training.

ii. Tana Water Works Development Agency as lead agency to be clustered with Northern
Water Works Development Agency.

iii. Lake Victoria North Water Works Development Agency as lead agency to be clustered
with North Rift Valley Water Works Development Agency.

iv. Lake Victoria South Water Works Development Agency as lead agency to be clustered
with Central Rift Valley Water Works Development Agency.

v. Kenya Water Institute to act as an implementing agency.

2.4.2. Further assessment of the implementing capacities of the proposed WWDAs and KEWI
will be done at appraisalwith appropriate measures stipulated to fill any capacity shortfalls.
Lessons learnt from previous implementation of the projects in clusters to be incorporated in
order to enhance implementation of the program in clusters.

2.4.3. Each PIT will have the following key personnel: Program Coordinator; Water and
sanitationEngineer; Procurement expert;Accountant; Environment and Social Safeguards expert
and Monitoring and Evaluation Officer. These positions will be assigned to the program by the
time of appraisal.Any additional positions will be identified and agreed during the appraisal. In
addition to the PITs, the program will ensure the recruitment of qualified design review and
supervision consultant to support the implementation of the program.

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2.4.4. At national level, a steering committee (SC) will be established composed of
representatives of NT, MoWSI, the nine (9) WWDAs, Water Resources Authority (WRA),
WASREB, KEWI,RCGWRERT and the PITs to provide program oversight and coordinate the
implementation.

2.5. Procurement Arrangements

2.5.1. All procurements of works, goods and acquisition of consulting and non-consulting
services financed by the Bank will be in accordance with the Procurement Policy, dated October
2015 as may be amended from time to time (the “Procurement Framework”) and the relevant
Bank Standard Bidding Documents, and the provisions stipulated in the Financing Agreement.

2.5.2. Specifically, all contracts designated for procurement with International Advertising, will
follow Bank Procurement Methods and Procedures, using the relevant Bank Standard or Model
Solicitation Documents. Based on detailed risk assessments to be done at appraisal, some of the
contracts may follow Borrower Procurement Methods and Procedures, using the relevant
National Standard or Model Solicitation Documents.

2.5.3. The decision to use the National Procurement System in Bank-financed operations will
depend on the outcome of the sector market analysis, project and executing agency risk analysis.
The preliminary assessment for this project is that it may be considered for specific procurement
transactions or groups of similar transactions subject to the safeguards specified in the Bank’s
procurement policy.

2.5.4. Review of the Executing Agencies Procurement Capacity- A detailed assessment of

procurement capacity for the selected executing agencies will be done during the appraisal of the
project. Assessment of the Procurement Capacity of the selected executing agencies will focus
on the organizational structure, staffing and practical experiences of the department to carry out
required procurement transactions under this project.

2.5.5. The details related to contract packaging will be determined at appraisal.

2.5.6. It is agreed that a detailed Procurement Plan covering at least the first 18 months of the
Project implementation period will be prepared and submitted for Bank’s review and
concurrence before project appraisal. In order to expedite project implementation, the GOK
may submit a request for advance contracting, accompanied by procurement plan for contracts
to be expedited, by project appraisal.

2.6. Disbursements

2.6.1. The following Disbursement Methods may be used for the project.
i. Method I Reimbursement
ii. Method II Reimbursement Guarantee
iii. Method III Revolving Fund/Special Account
iv. Method IV Direct payment

2.6.2. However, during the mission it was noted that the Direct Payment and Special Account
methods are most suited for the project activities. The Borrower has experience in the use of the
two disbursement methods from the implementation of similar projects in the country and in the
sector.

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2.7. Environmental and Social Safeguards

2.7.1. Environmental and Social Safeguards Categorization : In-country environmental

assessment, legal and institutional framework, and the Banks Integrated Safeguards Systems
Operational Safeguards (ISS, OS) are key to determining project categorization based on the
level of Environmental and Social risks and impacts. The National Urban Water Supply and
Sanitation program/project components, sub-components, and activities related to the
construction of wastewater treatment plants, trunk sewers, lateral sewers, last mile connections,
Ablution blocks will trigger High-intrinsic environmental and social risks and impacts. The
National Urban water and Sanitation program/project is proposed as Category 1.

2.7.2. Applicable Safeguards Instruments: The project executing agency Ministry of Water,
Sanitation and Irrigation and its Implementation agencies are required to prepared Location/site
specific Environmental and Social Impacts Assessments ESIA embedded with an Environmental
and Social Management Plan ESMP, Resettlement Action Plan RAP per component as
applicable and general Stakeholder Engagement Plan SEP and Grievance Redress Mechanism to
be reviewed, cleared, and subsequently disclosed in-country and by the Bank in compliance with
the Bank and Borrower information sharing and disclosure policies. The GoK will submit to the
Bank outstanding ESIAs, RAPs and accompanying management plans (Stakeholder
Engagement Plan and Grievance Redress Management Plan) by 31st January 2024.

2.7.3. Institutional capacity to implement the safeguards Instruments : The Ministry of Water,
Sanitation and Irrigation as the Executing Agency will have a Coordination E&S/OHS Unit that
will coordinate all E&S aspect of the project. at the Level of the Implementation Agencies, there
are existing E&S/OHS units with qualified E&S safeguards and compliance officers.
Institutional capacity in E&S risk management is confirmed adequate.

2.7.4. Stakeholder Engagement: Stakeholder engagement processes has been assessed,

evaluated, and confirmed that comprehensive consultations were undertaken during preparation
mission and will continue at appraisal. This will be evidenced by the preparation of a standalone
Stakeholder's Engagement Plan (SEP) which details consultation processes throughout the
project lifecycle at the national, regional, and community/local levels, including the involvement
of the affected populations.

2.7.5. Compliance: The project will be implemented in compliance with the Bank’s ESS
policy/procedure and In-country legislations/policies. The Ministry of Water, Sanitation and
Irrigation will be the Executing Agency. The PITs will be located at (Athi Water Works
Development Agency, Tana Water Works Development Agency, Lake Victoria North Water
Works Development Agency, Lake Victoria South Water Works Development Agency and
Kenya Water Institute) for smooth implementation of the project. The E&S measures
implementation reporting will be done on a monthly basis, while an annual E&S
performance/compliance audit conducted by an independent external expert will be submitted at
the end of every project year (annual basis). These compliance aspects of the project will be
further consolidated at appraisal.

2.8. Climate Change Risk Assessment

2.8.1. Various discussions were held during the mission with representatives from the Ministry
of Water, Sanitation and Irrigation, various water works development agencies, country officials
and communities to identify the key climate risks posed to the project and ensure incorporation
of appropriate measures to mitigate these risks.

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2.8.2. Climate risks identified include high temperatures and drought which cause water
scarcity and contamination as well as torrential rains and flooding, which pose the risk of
submerging or damaging of key infrastructure and soil erosion which causes siltation and water
turbidity.

2.8.3. To address these risks, the project will incorporate various climate adaptation measures
such as climate proofing of infrastructure to withstand the impact of extreme weather events,
siting of infrastructure away from water bodies that could pose the risk of submerging, water
conservation measures such as rainwater harvesting and watershed management practices to
reduce soil erosion and enhance water quality. Where feasible, circular economy practices will
be incorporated to manage sludge from wastewater treatment plants and in addition, create jobs
and economic opportunities for community members.

2.8.4. The project will also promote the full adoption of green energy (solar) for pumping, with
grid electricity complementing the same. This will align with Kenya’s mitigation action
priorities as outlined in its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) which seeks to promote
low carbon development, while at the same time significantly reducing electricity bills at the
water treatment plants.

2.9. Fragility and Resilience

2.9.1. From a perspective of fragility and resilience, the mission report identifies a vulnerable
area that impedes the entire water and sanitation sector. This pocket of fragility originates from a
fragmented sector and is exacerbated by additional conflicts that arise from community
exclusion to accessing clean water. The water source provides the water resources on
community land, but potable or clean water is not readily available. Furthermore, unplanned
urban development has resulted in a lack of employment opportunities and high poverty rates,
which in turn reveal security and crime challenges.

2.9.2. To address these challenges, the ongoing National Urban Water and Sanitation Program
must formalize the integration of unskilled workers in the program implementation to mitigate
risks related to material vandalism that can delay the project deliverables. In addition, the report
notes that community consultation revealed the sensitivity of child and women abuse.
Communities in high vulnerability are more susceptible to conflicts from the beneficiary
community and the contractor's employees. Therefore, early CSO involvement is critical to
prevent such conflicts.

2.9.3. Lastly, the report highlights the importance of Lake Victoria, the starting and ending
point of the water and sanitation value chain in most towns in the Northern-West part of Kenya.
A cycle of water and sanitation activities puts the lake ecosystem at risk and can have negative
consequences for the fishermen community that relies on fishery activities for their livelihood.

2.9.4. As the program is still in preparation, the mission suggests integrating activities such as
rainwater harvesting and storage for each house in urban areas. This strategy will help build
community resilience for the population living in non-arid zones and contribute to reducing the
risk of water treatment plant pollution and contamination. Additionally, the program must
consider community engagement through sensitization of local leaders. This initiative will help
address social inequity by building strong community ownership and reinforcing solid social
cohesion, enabling investment sustainability, and improving the marketing relationship between
the water supply service provider and the customers.

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2.10. Civil Society Organizations engagements

2.10.1. The Mission held discussions with Kenyan civil society organizations (CSOs) focused on
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) at the community level. The CSOs expressed their
appreciation for the project and offered valuable insights to maximize its impact.

2.10.2. Key issues highlighted by the CSOs included the importance of involving project
beneficiaries at all stages to foster ownership and identifying critical areas for attention. They
recommended conducting a gender mainstreaming and social analysis assessment and
implementing a digital platform for real-time information sharing and access. Additionally, they
stressed the significance of thorough project sensitization to inform ahead of time the project
affected individuals and communities members.

2.10.3. Emphasizing the need for consultation, the CSOs believed it would instill a sense of
ownership and help prevent conflicts during project implementation. They also made
suggestions concerning the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM), advocating for Grievance
Redress Committee capacity building and an inclusive committee selection process. The CSOs
expressed their willingness to support the project by reviewing design documents for policy
alignment, sharing information, raising awareness at the community level, conducting
assessments (e.g., gender mainstreaming, child labor), and offering capacity-building based on
their expertise in the WASH sector. Finally, they stressed the importance of involving CSOs in
selected project communities to avoid duplicating activities.

2.11. Sustainability

2.11.1. In order to address the post implementation financial and technical sustainability of the
interventions, a number of soft interventions will be proposed to be implemented under the
program. These will include, building the capacities of the WSPs to address issues of NRW,
billing systems, cost recovery tariff setting, watershed and water resources management. The
approach for delivering the capacity development initiatives will be firmed up at appraisal.

2.11.2. Furthermore, it is envisaged that the proposed interventions, will, as practicably as is

possible, reduce dependence on pumping for both water supply and sewerage, as this has been
observed to be the biggest drain on the financial sustainability of utilities.

2.12. Monitoring and Evaluation

2.12.1. The program will be monitored using Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) at input,
output, outcome and impact levels, which will be reflected in the program’s results based logical
framework (logframe). The outcome objectives will be measured through monitoring access to
services provision, including water service coverage ratio, level of NRW, number of water
service connections, sewerage services coverage, growth of industries and SMEs and improved
quality of sewage effluent. The outputs will mainly be measured through production capacity for
treated water and volume of wastewater removed and treated, as well as the key facilities
constructed.

2.12.2. The PITs will be responsible for the overall monitoring and supervision of the sub-
project activities including environmental and social management plan (ESMP) implementation.
They will produce monthly, quarterly and annual progress reports on the status of the various
sub-project activities under the program including financial and procurement status, asset
management, stakeholder participation, safeguards, risks and mitigation measures.

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2.12.3. A program mid-term review will be carried out to re-examine the implementation
arrangements and further strengthen the system if necessary. Once the program approaches
substantial completion, a completion report will be prepared that includes details of the
achievements against the indicators in the logframe. The Bank shall also conduct regular
program monitoring through supervision missions.

2.13. Risks identified

2.13.1. Some of the major risks identified include; inadequate counterpart financing from the
Government for compensation leading to a lengthy program implementation period with
subsequent claims from consultants and contractors; Inadequate coordination between the
various actors implementing the program from both the National and County Governments
leading to sustainability of the projects not being achieved; Pollution control for fresh water
sources and Negative impacts of climate change on the water and sanitation infrastructure.

2.14. Indicative Milestones

Activity Responsible Target Date
Appraisal GoK/ AfDB Feb. 2024
Loan Negotiation GoK/ AfDB June. 2024
Loan Approval AfDB July. 2024
Signing of Loan Agreement GoK/ AfDB Oct. 2024
Launching mission GoK/ AfDB Jan. 2025
Supervision (twice annually) AfDB 2025-2029
Mid-Term Review GoK/ AfDB Mar. 2027
Completion GoK/ AfDB Oct. 2029

3. AGREED ACTIONS BEFORE APPRAISAL

 Discussions with other Development Partners: Following discussions with various
development partners, AFD and EIB expressed interest in financing some of the program
components through a parallel co-financing model. GCA is interested in providing a TA
for locally led adaptation measures for watershed management and sustainability of fresh
water sources in Homa Bay county. Further discussions on this to be done with the
MoWSI, NT and the DPs by 31st January 2024.
 Outstanding studies and designs:The GoK will submit all outstanding feasibility studies,
detailed designs and tender documents by 31st January 2024.
 Field visit observations in Kehancha town: LVSWWDA and the Homa Bay County to
come up with an elaborate management plan on how to deal with illegal miners in
Kehanchatown as the mining activities have serious pollution effects on the rivers whereby
heavy metals such as mercury and cyanide are discharged directly to the rivers within
Kehancha town. The management plan to be shared with the Bank by 31st January 2024.
 Field visit observations in Homa Bay town:The mission noted that despite the current
installed capacity of water for the town being at 5,900m3/day against a water demand of
8,000m3/day, many residents complained of inadequacy of water supply with some of
them receiving water once a month and a section of the beneficiaries once a week.
LVSWWDA, Homa Bay County and the Homawassco to undertake a detailed diagnostic
analysis of the water distribution system within Homa Bay town and come up with
recommendations on how the distribution system can be improved to effectively distribute

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 the available water. This report to be shared with the Bank by 31st January 2024.
 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA):The GoK will submit to the
Bankall outstanding ESIAs and RAPs by 31st January 2024.
 Designation of the Key PIT Staff:Implementing WWDA will designate the key PIT
staff, and submit the list together with the CVs to the Bank by 31st January 2024.
 Appraisal: Indicative date for the appraisal of the program isFebruary 2023 in order to
present the program for AfDB Board’s approval in the third quarter of 2023.

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 4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
4.1. The mission would like to express its sincere gratitude to the Government of the
Republic of Kenya including; The National Treasury, The Ministry of Water, Sanitation and
Irrigation, staff of the various WWDAs, Counties, WSPs and various stakeholders met, for
availing themselves to engage with and facilitate the mission’s work during the preparation
mission.

Nairobi,November17, 2023

Julius Korir, CBS Dr. Chris Kiptoo, CBS Emily Kilongi

Principal Secretary,
Ministry of Water, Sanitation
and Irrigation
State Department for Water and
Sanitation
Principal Secretary, Senior Water and Sanitation
The National Treasury Officer
African Development Bank

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ANNEX 1: INDICATIVE LIST OF SUB-PROJECTS AND THEIR READINESS

The mission team and the MoWSI have assessed the readiness of the proposed sub-projects, and
the preliminary results are shown below. It was agreed that the readiness will be a major factor
in drawing the final list of sub-projects to be included the proposed program.

N Sub-Project Estimated cost Feasibili Detailed ESIA and Bid

o. in millions ty Study Design RAP Document
(KES) s
1. ATHI WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
Nairobi Cluster Last mile Water/Sanitation Projects
1 Nairobi Informal
Settlements Water and 600 Available Available x x
Sanitation interventions
2 Kawangware,
KangemiWestlands
Component 60 km of x x x
480 Available
reticulation sewers and 65
Kms of water distribution
networks
3 Nairobi-Kitengela/EPZ
500 x- Available x x
water supply system
4 Kikuyu urban water and
Sanitation 39 Kms
reticulation sewers and 20 150 x available x x
Kms water distribution
networks
5 Utawala, Ruai, Kamulu
Component: 40 km of 450 x x x x
reticulation sewers and
6 Langata, South B/ South C
Component, 50 km of
reticulation sewers and 44 470 x x x x
Kms of water distribution
networks
2. TANATHI WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
1 Kiserian Sewerage 800
2 Machakos Sewerage Last 350 RAP only
x Available Available
mile Available
3 Water distribution lastmile 600
connectivity for Nairobi
x x x x
Satellite Towns_Ongata
Rongai, Kiserian.
3. COAST WATER WORKS DEVELOMENT AGENCY
1 Mombasa North Mainland 800
Water Supply Distribution Available Available x x
networks Lot 1B
4. NORTHERN WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
1 Maralal Town Sewerage 1,500
x Available x x
Project
2 Loiyangalani Water and 700
Available Available x x
Sewerage
5. TANA WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
1 Chogoria last mile water
205 x x x x
project

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N Sub-Project Estimated cost Feasibili Detailed ESIA and Bid
o. in millions ty Study Design RAP Document
(KES) s
2 Chogoria last mile sewerage
170 x x x x
project
3 Chuka Last Mile Water
185 x x x x
Project
4 Kerugoya – Kutus last mile
225 x x x x
water project
6. LAKE VICTORIA NORTH WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT
AGENCY
1 Kapsabet Town Sewerage
Project northern treatment 700 x x x x
system
2 Last Mile Connectivity
Project for Kiptogot- 400 x x x x
Kolongolo Water Project
3 Last Mile Connectivity
Project for Malaba Water
200 x x x x
Supply and sanitation
Project
4 Last Mile Connectivity
200 x x x x
Project for Vihiga cluster
7. CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT
AGENCY
1 Construction of Kinamba
Kayole Water Supply 950 x x x x
Project
2 Last Mile connectivity for
204 x x x x
Narok Sewerage
3 Last mile connectivity for
205 x x x x
Olkalou Town Sewerage
8. LAKE VICTORIA SOUTH WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT
AGENCY
1 Kehancha Water supply and
600 x x x x
Sanitation Project
2 Bomet Town Sewerage
300 x x x x
Expansion Project
3 Bomet – Mulot Last Mile
150 x x x x
Connectivity Project
4 Homa Bay LMC Project 300 x x x x
9. NORTH RIFT VALLEY WATER WORKS DEVELOPMENT
AGENCY
Kimanich-Kapsowar-Chesoi 1,400
x x x x
water supply project
Lodwar WSP Phase I 800 x x x x
10. REGIONAL CENTRE ON GROUND WATER RESOURCES
EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND TRAINING
1 200

Managed Aquifer Recharge

Feasibility Study in Nairobi
County and its Environs for
Urban Water Supply And
Sanitation Development

Page 14 of 21
N Sub-Project Estimated cost Feasibili Detailed ESIA and Bid
o. in millions ty Study Design RAP Document
(KES) s
11. KENYA WATER INSTITUTE
1 Skills and Capacity 200
Development in Urban and
Peri-Urban Sanitation
Management as an
Accelerator To SDG 6
12. WATER RESOURCES AUTHORITY
1 Assessment and Legalization
of Existing Dams and Flood 242
Control Structures in Kenya
2 Upgrading of Manual Water
Resources Monitoring
Stations in Kenya to Real 100
Time Data Transmission
(Telemetric)
13. WATER SERVICES REGULATORY BOARD
1 Develop and implement a 10
framework for regulating
water services in Rural and
underserved areas
2 Support Counties in the 20
implementation of various
models for service provision
in rural and underserved
areas
14. CONSULTANCIES
1 Mosoriot Town Water and 50
Sanitation Project
2 Kipkurere Dam Water 50
Supply and Sanitation
Project
3 Feasibility study and
technical designs for
Chepalungu-Sigor-Ndanai 60
Cluster Water supply and
sanitation project
4 Feasibility study and
technical designs for
50
Muhoroni – Kipsitet water
supply & Sanitation project
5 Feasibility study and
technical designs for
Ogembo – Kiereni – 80
Mokubo Water and
Sanitation Project
6 Feasibility study and
technical designs for Ekonge 60
– Ekerengo Water supply
7 Consultancy Services for
Feasibility Studies,
Preliminary and Detailed 60
Design for Iten Sewerage
Project

Page 15 of 21
N Sub-Project Estimated cost Feasibili Detailed ESIA and Bid
o. in millions ty Study Design RAP Document
(KES) s
8 Consultancy Services for
Feasibility Studies,
Preliminary and Detailed 60
Design for Lodwar Town
Sewerage Project
9 Consultancy Services for
update of Uasin Gishu 100
County Water Master Plan
10 Consultancy Services for
Feasibility Study, Detailed
design and Tender
100
documentation for
Kapcherop-Kapsowar
Towns Sewerage Project
11 Eldoret economic zone water
and sewerage project (2 50
dams Kerita and Endaragwa)
12 Consultancy Services for
Feasibility Studies,
Preliminary and Detailed 60
Design for Matuu, Mwingi
Towns Sanitation Project
13 Consultancy Services for
Feasibility Studies,
Preliminary and Detailed
60
Design for Tala-Kangundo,
Wote, Water Towns Supply
and Sanitation Project
GRAND TOTAL 16,206

Page 16 of 21
ANNEX2: LIST OF PERSONS MET

Name Organization Designation Email

National Treasury of Kenya
1. Michael Kahiti National Treasury PC/ADB
2. Eliud Manyao National Treasury Resource Mobilization
Officer
3. Yusuf Karo National Treasury Resource mobilization
Officer
4. Linet Vitisia National Treasury Resource mobilization
Officer
5. Christine Chimayi National Treasury Accountant
Ministry of Water and Sanitation and Irrigation of Kenya
Ministry Headquarters
6. Mr. Julius Korir, MWSI Principal Secretary
CBS
7. Eng. SAO Alima MWSI Water Secretary
8. Joseph Kariuki MWSI PO/ADB
9. Patrick Malita MWSI Assist PO/ADB
10. Catherine MWSI M&E Officer
Mutwiwa
11. Charles Kimani MWSI Water Inspector chamkima@gmail.com
Kenya Water Institute
12. Nelson Kwamini KEWI Deputy Director nkwgonina@kewi.or.ke
13. Beatrice Langat KEWI Lecturer langat@kewi.or.ke
14. Virginia Nanetia KEWI Lecturer vnanetia@kewi.or.ke
15. Elvis Songa KEWI Lecturer lsonga@kewi.or.ke
16. Simon Ndeweni KEWI Lecturer ndeweni@kewi.or.ke
Regional Centre for Ground Water
17. Agnes Mbugua RCGW CEO
18. Janiffer Ndibary RCGW Auditor janifferndibary@yahoo.com
19. Patrick murunga RCGW Ass. Director patrickmurunga@gmail.com
20. Fredrick Njuki RCGW Engineer Fred.njuki@gmail.com
21. Stella Kagiri RCGW Senior Planning Stella.kagiri@rcgw.go.ke
Officer
22. Brian Letuati RCGW Procurement Officer Brian Letuati@rcgw.go.ke
Water Resources Authority
23. Simon Mwangi WRA Engineer simonmwangi@yahoo.com

Water Services Regulatory Board

24. Richard Cheruiyot WASREB Officer
Athi Water Works Development Agency
25. Eng Bonnie AWWDA Technical Manager bnyandwa@gmail.com
Nyandwaro
26. Janet Langat AWWDA Head Procurement jlangat@awwda.go.ke

27. Eng James Muturi AWWDA PC/ADB jmutani@awwda.go.ke

28. Christine Mawia AWWDA Accountant Cmawia@awwda.go.ke

29. Keziah Adhiambo AWWDA Social Safeguards Kadhiambo@awwda.go.ke

Officer

Page 17 of 21
 Name Organization Designation Email
30. Alphaxard AWWDA Principal Engineer akitheku@awwda.go.ke
Kitheko
31. Mirriam Kariuki AWWDA Engineer mmuthani@awwda.go.ke
32. Irene Ng’etich AWWDA Sociologist ingetich@awwda.go.ke

33. Ivy Gathii AWWDA Engineer

34. Rahab Kingori AWWDA Engineer iwambui@awwda.go.ke
35. Ian Wangusi AWWDA Consulting Eng
36. Kelvin Maina AWWDA Consulting Eng
37. Vienna Kibunja AWWDA Sociologist vkibunja@awwda.go.ke
38. Grace Nyagaki AWWDA Consulting Eng
Tana Water Works Development Agency
39. Eng Philip TWWDA CEO Pgichuki1966@gmail.com
Gichuki
40. Daniel Ngugi TWWDA Technical Manager dngugi@twwda.go.ke
41. Jackson Munuve TWWDA Manager P&D jmunure@tanawwda.go.ke
42. Patrick Mwangi TWWDA Resource Mobilization pmwangi@twwda.go.ke
Central Rift Valley Water Works Development Agency
43. Joseph Salee CRVWWDA Engineer jmsalee@crvwwda.go.ke
North Rift Valley Water Works Development Agency
44. Edwin C. Rotich NRVWWDA CEO erotich@nrvwwda@go.ke
45. Titus Chesire NRVWWDA Accountant tchesire@nrvwwda.go.ke
Lake Victoria South Water Works Development Agency
46. Paul Agwanda LVSWWDA Technical Manager pagwanda@lvswwda.go.ke
47. Daniel Oronje LVSWWDA MSWS doronje@lvswwda@go.ke
48. Sharon Otieno LVSWWDA MWWD satieno@lvswwda.go.ke
49. Geoffrey Kurgat LVSWWDA Principal Engineer
50. Daniel Owino LVSWWDA SMCS
51. Daniel Rading LVSWWDA PSCMO
52. Rebecca Brown LVSWWDA SAOA
53. Diana Adhiambo LVSWWDA CDO
54. Maureen Oduor LVSWWDA SCCO
55. Vincent LVSWWDA Senior Engineer
Kipng’eno
56. Samuel chacha LVSWWDA Senior Engineer
57. Okayo Electas LVSWWDA Auditor
58. George Ageng’o LVSWWDA PEO
59. Maurice Onyango LVSWWDA Driver
60. Austine Busena LVSWWDA Driver
61. Robert Kimathi LVSWWDA Driver
62. Sarinkon Pempa LVSWWDA Driver
63. Reagan Ojore LVSWWDA Driver
64. Orambo Benson LVSWWDA Driver
65. Eric Juma LVSWWDA SORC
Lake Victoria North Water Works Development Agency
66. George Odedeh LVNWWDA Technical Manager godadeh@lvnwwda.go.ke
67. James Ngugi LVNWWDA Technical Officer Jngugi@lvwwda.go.ke
68. Christopher Bwire LVNWWDA Engineer cbwire@rnvwwda.go.ke

Page 18 of 21
 Name Organization Designation Email
69. Humphrey LVNWWDA Procurement Officer hnamboza@ lvnwwda.go.ke
Namboza
Coast Water Works Development Agency
70. David Kanui CWWDA Principal Engineer Dkanui@gmail.com
71. Joachim Macharia CWWDA Senior Engineer Joachim.macharia@cwwda.go.
ke
Northern Water Works Development Agency
72. Andrew Rage NWWDA CEO
73. Collins K. Owiti NWWDA Chief Engineer ckomora@nwwda.go.ke
74. Geoffrey NWWDA Accountant gittorome@yahoo.com
Nyasagare
Tanathi Water Works Development Agency
75. Francis Siva TAWWDA Technical Manager
76. David Mwango TAWWDA Engineer dmwango@tanathi.go.ke
77. Duncan Mulandi TAWWDA Finance Manager Dmulandi@tenath.go.ke
78. Ng’alu Eric TAWWDA Senior Engineer Ngalu.eric@gmail.com
79. Leshinka TAWWDA Senior Engineer Leshimae1@gmail.com
Lemamei
Nairobi County
80. Mario Kainga Nairobi City County Director
81. Dennis Kumani Nairobi City County Officer
Mugambi
82. Isaac Molly Beru Nairobi City County Officer
83. Anthony K. Nairobi City County Community Member
Waweru
84. George K. Nairobi City County Community Member
Mwaura
85. Electine Nairobi City County Senior chief Gatina
Wamalwa
86. Moses Wachira Nairobi City County Water Officer
87. Mary N. Mwangi Nairobi City County Officer
88. Samson Kaindi Nairobi City County Ngao-snr chief
89. Silvester K.Maluu Nairobi City County Community Member
90. Nicholas Rono Nairobi City County Asst chief mutuini
91. Peter Maina Nairobi City County PA-MCA
92. Jackson Mbuvi Nairobi City County MCA office
Kiambu County
93. Jane Murage Kiambu MD KIWASCO Nyarandi09@gmail.com
94. John Kinuthia Kiambu Officer kinnusjohn@yahoo.com
95. Richard Munge Kiambu Officer mungemuthua@gmail.con
96. Joyce Kung’u Kiambu SCWO Joycekungu50@gmail.com
97. Joseph Kamau Kiambu Ass. Director Njugunakamau2030.jn@gmail.
com
98. Ng’ang’a P. Kiwaco Water Officer Ngashimpnet1@gmail.com
Njogu
99. Stephen Ngatia Kiwaco Water Officer Sam.ugati@gmail.com
100. Paul Gichuki Water Officer pgicguki@gmail.com
101. George Muriithi HHEA HHEA George.munthia@humphrey.co
.ke
102. Abraham Mantim Nmedk NMEDK Mantimchenyoti@gmail.com

Page 19 of 21
 Name Organization Designation Email
Migori County
103. HE Ochilo Migori Governor
Ayacko
104. Anne Magoko Migori Community member
105. Mary Mwita Migori Community member
106. Pauline Nyairabu Migori Community member
107. Mary Robi Migori Community member
108. Joseph Sibora Migori Community member
109. David Mwita Migori chairman
110. Samwel Migori Community member
Kebondori
111. Angeline Boke Migori DDC
112. Marwa Daniel Migori Scheme manager
113. Marua Muhingire Migori Community member
114. Reuben Mwita Migori Snr. Supervisor
115. Heche Joseph Migori Cammunity member
116. Nashon Migori KHC
Mwikwabe
117. Millicent Sungura Migori Community member
118. Christopher Migori Community member
Mohara
119. Matiko Bohoko Migori Chairman Kehancha
120. Virian Achieng Migori NEMA Officer
121. Bellinder Akoth Migori NEMA Officer
122. Nicholas Migori Officer
Muchuma
123. John Ngariba Migori CM
124. Stephen Nkinina Migori Ward administrator
125. Kennedy O. Migori SCA-KIE
Adonogo
126. Thomas Omahi Migori Board member
127. Makuri Migori Board member
128. James M. Gitiba Migori Board member
129. Peter Maroa Migori Board member
130. Joseph Karanja Migori Water TM
131. Juliet Odhilo Migori Water Officer
132. Jacob Geitwot Migori Water MD
133. Lucas Agesa Migori Communication
Officer
134. Alphoncy Chacha Migori Communication
Officer
135. Peter Sinda Migori Stakeholder
136. Chacha Musa Migori Youth Representative
137. Joseph Mosone Migori Water Officer
138. Martin Owino Mema NEMA Officer
Homa Bay County
139. H.E. Gladys Homa Bay Governor
Wanga
140. Rosemary Apanja Homa Bay Health Officer

Page 20 of 21
 Name Organization Designation Email
141. Mary Odongo Homa Bay Water Officer
142. Kawuor Aline Homa Bay Health Officer
143. Evariyn Otieno Homa Bay Water Officer
144. Ongado Charles Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
145. Julia Anne Muga Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
146. Millicent A. Julie Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
147. Dorcas Atieno Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
148. Maurice Onyango Homa Bay Manager
Ouma
149. Mc’ Millan Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
Ownor
150. Churchil Ogada Homa Bay Health Officer
151. Collins O. Homa Bay CGHB
Obango
152. Pauline Asara Homa Bay SMO
153. Leanard Adika Homa Bay SM
154. Sena Atieno Homa Bay Executive admin
155. Benter Kennas Homa Bay Water Beneficiary
156. Molo Desmone Homa Bay Communication
Officer
157. Martin Oloo Homa Bay Commercial Manager
158. Okayo Electors Homa Bay Auditor
159. Samuel Odira Homa Bay Property manager

Page 21 of 21