Lesson 2

Inverse Variation
Quarter 2
Prepared by:
| ALVIN D. TAGANAS, LPT |
 REVIEW

1. What is direct variation?

2. What is the mathematical equation for
direct variation?
3. Give one real-life scenario where direct
variation can be seen/applied.
ENGAGE
 ENGAGE
As deforestation increases,
biodiversity decreases. This is
because trees provide habitat for
many different species of plants
and animals. When trees are cut
down, these species lose their
homes and can no longer survive
in the area.
 Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you can:
• illustrates situations that involve inverse
variation
• translate into variation statement a
relationship involving inverse variation
between two quantities given by a table of
values, a mathematical equation, and a graph,
and vice versa.
• solve problems involving inverse variations.
 ACTIVITY: Smoggyville EXPLORE
In the heart of Smoggyville, Emily
Questions:
noticed the air was thick and
hazy, making it difficult to
1. What happens to the air
breathe. She learned smog was
quality when the pollution is
caused by a combination of
doubled? tripled?
chemicals and sunlight and could
2. How many parts per million of
cause health problems. She
pollution is needed to achieve
presented her findings to the
100 air quality index? Write a
village council and urged them to
mathematical statement that
take action.
will relate the two quantities
Pollution 10 20 30 40 50 60 involved.
(P)
ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm
3. In what way are you able to
Air
Quality
90 80 70 60 50 40 help clean the environment by
(Q) AQI AQI AQI AQI AQI AQI reducing pollution?
 EXPLAIN
An inverse variation is when two variables change in an
inverse proportion. It is also known as indirect variation.
Inverse variation statements include,

• y varies inversely as x
• y is inversely proportional to x

𝒌𝒌
Its mathematical equation is 𝐲𝐲 = or
𝒙𝒙
𝒌𝒌 = 𝒙𝒙𝒙𝒙, where k is the constant of variation.
 EXPLAIN
If the Air Quality (Q) varies inversely as the number of
pollution (P), then the relationship can be translated into a
𝑘𝑘
mathematical statement as 𝑄𝑄 = , where k is the constant of
𝑃𝑃
variation.

Pollution 10 20 30 40 50 60
(P) ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm

Air
Quality
90 80 70 60 50 40
(Q) AQI AQI AQI AQI AQI AQI
 EXPLAIN
SMOGGYVILLE
100
90
80
The graph on the
70
side describes an
Air Quality (Q)

60
50 inverse variation
𝑘𝑘
40 of the form𝑄𝑄 = .
30 𝑃𝑃
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Pollution (P)
 EXPLAIN
EXAMPLE 1 SOLUTION:

Find the equation and solve ● The relation y varies

for k: y varies inversely as x inversely as x translates to
and y = 6 when x = 18. 𝑘𝑘
𝑦𝑦 = . Substitute the
𝑥𝑥
● Form the equation of the values to find k:
variation by substituting 4 𝑘𝑘
𝑘𝑘 𝑦𝑦 =
in the statement,𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 𝑘𝑘
6=
108 18
𝑦𝑦 = 6 18 = 𝑘𝑘
𝑥𝑥
108 = 𝑘𝑘
 SOLUTION:
EXPLAIN
EXAMPLE 2
● Since the time t varies inversely as the
The table below shows that the speed s, then
time t varies inversely as the speed 𝑘𝑘
𝑡𝑡 =
S. Find the constant of variation 𝑠𝑠
and the equation which describes ● Using one of the pairs of values, (80, 6),
the relation. from the table, substitute the values of
𝑘𝑘
s and t in 𝑡𝑡 = and solve for k.
𝑠𝑠
𝑘𝑘 = 480
● Therefore, the constant of variation is
Speed (S) 80 60 40 20 10 480.
Time (t) 6 8 12 24 48 ● Form the mathematical equation of the
variation by substituting 10 in the
𝑘𝑘
statement 𝑡𝑡 = .
𝑠𝑠
480
𝑡𝑡 =
𝑠𝑠
EXAMPLE 3 ● The equation of variation is
20
If y varies inversely as x and y =
𝑦𝑦 = .
𝑥𝑥
10 when x = 2, find y when x = 10. ● Next, find y when x = 10 by
substituting the value of x in
the equation,
SOLUTION: 20
𝑦𝑦 =
● First, set the relation, and 𝑥𝑥
then find the constant of
variation, k. 20
𝑘𝑘 = 𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 =
10
𝑘𝑘 = 2 10
𝑘𝑘 = 20 𝑦𝑦 = 2
EXPLAIN
 ELABORATE
A. Express each of the following statements as a mathematical
equation.
1. The number of pizza slices p varies inversely as the
number of persons n sharing a whole pizza.
2. The number of pechay plants n in a row varies inversely
as the space s between them.
3. The number of persons n needed to do a job varies
inversely as the number of days d to finish the job.
4. The rate r at which a person types a certain manuscript
varies inversely as the time t spent in typing.
5. The cost c per person of renting a private resort varies
inversely as the number n of persons sharing the rent.
 EVALUATE
A. Express each of the following statements as a mathematical
equation.
1. The length l of a rectangular field varies inversely as its
width w.
2. The density d of air varies inversely as the volume v of
water in the atmosphere.
3. The acceleration a of a car is inversely proportional to its
mass m.
4. The base b of a triangle varies inversely as its altitude h.
5. The mass m of an object varies inversely as the
acceleration due to gravity g.
 EVALUATE
B. Find the constant of variation and write the equation
representing the relationship between the quantities in
each of the following:
3
1

2
 EVALUATE
B. Find the constant of variation and write the equation
representing the relationship between the quantities
in each of the following:
4. y varies inversely as x and y = 12 when x = 5.
5. y varies inversely as x and y = 18 when x = 3.
C. Solve for the indicated variable in each of the
following.
1. If y varies inversely as x and y = 3 when x = 4, find y
when x = 6.
2. If r varies inversely as s and r = 100 when s = 27, find
the value of r when s = 45.