13 KINDS OF TEXT

1. NARRATIVE TEXT

he Legend of Surabaya

A long time ago, there were two animals, Sura and Baya. Sura was the name of a shark and Baya
was a crocodile. They lived in a sea.

Once Sura and Baya were looking for some food. Suddenly, Baya saw a goat “Yummy, this is
my lunch,” said Baya. “No way! This is my lunch. You are greedy” said Sura. Then they fought
for the goat. After several hours, they were very tired.

Feeling tired of fighting, they lived in the different places. Sura lived in the water and Baya lived
in the land. The border was the beach, so they would never fight again.

One day, Sura went to the land and looked for some food in the river. He was very hungry and
there was not much food in the sea. Baya was very angry when he knew that Sura broke the
promise. They fought again.

They both hit each other. Sura bit Baya’s tail. Baya did the same thing to Sura. He bit very hard
until Sura finally gave up and went back to the sea. Baya was happy.

The Lion and The Mouse

When he was awakened by a tiny Mouse running across his body, a mighty Lion was sleeping in
his lair. The lion then grabbed the frightened mouse with his huge paws and opened his mouth to
swallow him directly. “Please, King,” begged the Mouse, “Spare me this time and of course I
will never forget your kindness. Someday I may be able to repay you. “The Lion thought that it
was such an amusing idea that he let the poor creature go.

Sometimes later the Lion was caught in a net laid by some hunters. Despite his great strength, the
Lion could not break free. Soon the forest echoed with angry load roars.

The Little Mouse heard the Lion and ran to see what was wrong. As soon as he succeeded to
make the Lion free “There!” said the Mouse proudly, ” You laughed at me when I promised to
repay your kindness, but now you know that even a tiny Mouse can help a mighty Lion.”

2. SPOOF TEXT

Broom
A young man hired by a supermarket reported for his first day of work. The manager
greeted him with a warm handshake and a smile, gave him a broom and said, “Your first
job will be to sweep out the store.”
“But I’m a college graduate,” the young man replied indignantly.
“Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t know that,” said the manager. “Here, give me the broom. I’ll
show you how.”

Half Day
One day there was a class of kids at school. They were having a hard time concentrating
 on the work because it was snowing so hard outside. They were just waiting for that
blessed announcement of the rest of the day off.
Suddenly, the intercom beeped and they heard the voice of their principal; “Attention,
students. Due to the weather conditions, we will only be attending school a half of the
day this morning.”
After all the students’ cheers had stopped, the principal continued; “And we will be
attending the other half this afternoon.”

3. PROCEDURE TEXT

How To Make Healthy Juice

Ingredients:

 3 celery stalks
 1 apple, cut into pieces
 ½ cucumber, cut into pieces
 1 pear, cut into pieces
How to make:

1. Cut all the ingredients into small pieces and put them in a blender.
2. Turn on the blender wait until all the ingredients are soft.
3. After softening, serve the juice.
4. If you want a waste-free drink use a sieve.
5. Add a few drops of lemon.

How To Make Orange Juice

Ingredients:

 Mature 50 ml water
 The sweet orange fruit (orange Sunkist)
 Ice Cubes
Steps:

1. Prepare the fresh orange fruit

2. Peel the skin and fiber
3. Enter into a blender (may use a juicer to make it more practical)
4. Combine water and ice cubes (you can also mix honey)
5. Blender for about 3 minutes and then pour into a glass
6. Orange juice are ready to be enjoyed.

4. REPORT TEXT

Pigeon
Pigeon refers to all birds of the family Columbidae and order Columbiformes. They consist of
310 species. Pigeons exhibit various size and color based on their species. The smallest species
may have the size of 15 cm and weight 30 g.

The largest species can grow up to 75 cm with the body weight of 2 kg. Some of their color are:
pale gray, white, brown, reddish and black. They have a small head with short beak. Their body
is compact with two large and muscular wings and two short legs on it. Pigeon comes in large,
varied species, and it is indeed fascinating animals.

Laptop

Laptop, often called a notebook, is a portable personal computer with a clamshell form factor,
suitable for mobile use. Although originally there was a distinction between laptops and
notebooks, the former being bigger and heavier than the latter, as of 2014, there is often no
longer any difference. Laptops are commonly used in a variety of settings, such as at work, in
education, and for personal multimedia.

A laptop combines the components, inputs, outputs and capabilities of a desktop computer,
including the display screen, speakers, a keyboard, and pointing devices (such as a touchpad or
trackpad) into a single unit. Most 2016-era laptops also have integrated webcams and built-in
microphones.

The device can be powered either from a rechargeable battery or by mains electricity from an AC
adapter. Laptops are diverse devices and specialised kinds, such as rugged notebooks for use in
construction or convertible computers, have been optimized for specific uses. The hardware
specifications, such as the processor speed and memory capacity significantly vary between
different types, makes, and models.

5. REVIEW TEXT

Ban Semi Slick Advan Neova

 Introduction

The Japanese manufacturer, Yokohama, has created the best semi-slick tires in its class at
affordable prices. Especially if it is none other than the Yokohama Advan Neova series. This
semi slick tire has specifications capable of both dry and wet roads. That's because the grip
offered is very rigid.
 Evaluation

This Yokohama Advan Neova Slick semi tire is made using high quality F1 standard rubber with
emphasis on driving stability performance. Not only that, this one tire also has a sporty line
development.

 Interpretation

The first impression to see this tire is very sporty and designed for high performance. This is
certainly very evocative of many people to buy it.

 Summary

In conclusion, this Yokohama Advan Neova is a tire that is highly recommended for your car
and has high durability.

Novel Laskar Pelangi

 Introduction

Laskar Pelangi film is a fictional novel by Andrea Hirata. In 2008, this novel was adapted into a
movie with the same title. The movie was directed by Riri Riza and fenomenal rating on sites.

 Evaluation

The Laskar Pelangi novel tells a story of 10 elementary school students in Gantong Village,
Bangka Belitung Province. The novel describes the real condition of the poor villagers.
Happiness and sadness are mixed together. No wonder so many people cry when reading the
novel.

 Interpretation

The story of Laskar Pelangi really touched my heart. This novel is very inspiring, especially for
children who strive for their dreams. I have read this book so many times. I give it an 9.5 / 10
rating for the moral value told in the novel.

 Summary
The Laskar Pelangi novel is very worth reading. Especially to fill in spare time. The Laskar
Pelangi school was built to be a tourist location.

6. EXPLANATION

*Explanation Text Tsunami

In Indonesia, we are very familiar with the word " Tsunami ". This natural disaster has ever
killed thousands of lives in Banda Aceh a few years ago. Indonesia mourned, the world mourned.
Then, how the Tsunami happens? Here is a brief explanation of the process of how the Asian
tsunami happens.

Tsunamis can occur if there is a phenomenon which causes the displacement of large amounts of
water in the ocean, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, and meteors that fall to
Earth. However, 90% of tsunamis is the result of underwater earthquakes.Vertical movement in
the Earth's crust in the bottom of the ocean causes a sudden up or down movement of sea floor
which then causes the water balance disorders above it. This disturbance causes the occurrence
of the flow of the massive sea water energy, that once it reaches the shore, it becomes huge
waves resulting Tsunami.

*Explanation Text about Rainbow

Almost everyone very likes a natural phenomenon called the rainbow. To the extent that a lot of
people create an art work like song, cake, and the other work after seeing the beautiful colors of
the rainbow. But, do you know how the phenomenon of the appearance of the rainbow happens?

Rainbow occurs because of the refraction of light. The sunlight that shines in between the rain
drops is refracted by the rain drops. This process separates the white light of the sunlight into a
spectrum of different colors. The spectrum of colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo,
and violet. Or what we often memorize as the abbreviation "ROY G BIV / mejikuhibiniu.” Then
the colors reflect in the back drops of rain, resulting the light which looks arched and becomes
the rainbow

7. DISCUSSION TEXT

Homeschooling

Homeschooling is an alternative way to educate our kids besides sending them to public school.
Homeschooling is becoming more popular every day. There are about two million children
currently learning at home. However, it has some advantages and disadvantages.

Parents choose to homeschool to educate their kids because they believe that homeschooling can
be a personalized schedule. Homeschooling allows parents and children to work out a schedule
that will best work for the child. Another advantage is flexibility in time and curriculum. By
homeschooling, parents can set the curriculum freely.

On the other hand, homeschooling can spoil parents' time. Homeschooling needs a lot of time in
preparation and delivery. Parents have to research topics, prepare the lessons, set up the projects,
and field the trips.
So, when thinking about putting children through home school, I believe we should make sure
that we understand all of the criteria involved in home education.

Distance Learning

A few years ago, distance learning was seen as an inferior way but nowadays even famous and
established traditional colleges and universities are providing distance learning courses and it is
generally considered a way to improve one's life.

However, people still argue whether distance learning give more advantages or disadvantages.
Some of them who see the benefit of distance learning will say that distance learning needs no
commuting. Of course, it saves money and time that students would take. Furthermore, distance
learning can be done at any student’s convenience. Most of the classes of distance learning are
asynchronous. It means that students do not have to attend a lecture at a fixed particular time and
place. Students can review the assignments and do their homework during off-hours or from
home. Additionally, distance learning gives more accessibility. No one can deny it. People with
limited mobility may encounter problems when they take traditional classes. With the online
class system, the problem is absent.

Despite the many advantages, other people will see that distance learning is costly and needs
complex technology. To attend online learning, students must have a computer with possible
access to the internet. Admitted or not, such technology devices are not always available for
common students. Another disadvantage of distance learning is that it does not provide
immediate feedback. Unlikely in a traditional classroom, students have to wait for feedback and
comment until the instructor has reviewed the works and sent a response to them. Most of the
time students will study alone. Distance learners may feel isolated or miss that social and
physical interaction that comes with attending a traditional classroom

Regarding the individual’s learning style, some students are able to learn when there is a live
interaction between them and the availability of an accompanying teacher while others don’t
really need it. So before deciding a choice of attending distance learning or not, each student
needs to do a fair analysis regarding the kind of person he/she is.

8. NEWS ITEM TEXT

Town ‘Contaminated
 (Main Event)
Moscow – A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another Soviet nuclear
catastrophe, whichkilled10 sailors and contaminated an entire town.

(Background Event)
Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who witnessed the
explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of shkotovo – 22 near Vladivostock.

The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster, spread radio
active fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was covered up by officials of the
Soviet Union. Residents were told the explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class
submarine during a refit had been a ‘thermal’ and not a nuclear explosion. And those
involved in the clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated
material were sworn to secrecy.

(Sources)
A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst accident in the history of the
Soviet Navy.

Indonesian Maid Beheaded

(Main Event)
An Indonesian housemaid has been executed in Saudi Arabia after being convicted of
killing her employer, the Saudi Interior Minister said.

(Background Event)
The woman was beheaded in the Southern Asir province in what was the second
execution in the country.The maid was earlier found of suffocating her female boss and
stealing her jewellery. Rape, murder and other serious crimes can carry the death penalty
in the conservative desert kingdom.

(Sources)
Last year, Saudi Arabia, which follow a strict intepretation of Syaria, Islamic law
executed more than 130 people.(From BBC)

9. RECOUNT

My Grandpas Hometown
Two weeks ago, I and my family were in my grandpa’s hometown. it is our annual agenda every
holiday in the end of Semester. Unfortunately, it was rainy season there.it rained almost every
day there. We had no enough time to visit some tourism places there because of the rain. Wehad
no enough sunlight even to dry up our laundries. As a result, we just stayed at home almost all
day long. Seeing the condition, we decided to make an interesting activity indoor to spend the
holiday together. The activity we chose that day was making funny videos directed by me.
Finishing the videos, we edited them and made them uploaded in youtube.By doing this, we
could kill our boredom of staying at home because of the rain and made a creative activity
instead

Fishing

Last week, l went to the lake for fishing. It was the suitable time for fishing because I had
nothing to do. I went there with my friends.

I woke up earlier in the morning and prepared everything. Not long after that, my friends came
and we went to the lake we have decided before to start fishing. Arriving at the lake, I directly
searched the best spot to get a giant fish. After searching for about ten minutes, finally I found
the spot. It was under the big tree at the bank of the lake. I threw my hook as far as I could then I
waited for the fish eating my bait. It had been 15 minutes and i finally saw the sign that there was
a fish eating my bait. I tried to pull it up and i succeeded. I got a three kilogram fish. I was so
excited. I threw the hook again and again. I got more than ten fish that day. I enjoyed the
moment so much that i didn’t realized that the sun had already set. I called my friends and we
went home.I got so many fish that day even though i was so tired. I think i will visit the spot
again in the next holiday

10. ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Why We Shouldn't Skip Breakfast?

Thesis: Breakfast is the first of three important meals you should eat during the day. It can be
hard to eat breakfast if you’re busy, but skipping your first meal of the day can affect the rest of
your day. Learn the importance of eating breakfast and some breakfast ideas.

Arguments: Breakfast is important for many reasons. Breakfast gives you the energy you need
to start the day.

When you eat breakfast, you are not as hungry during the day. You will have more energy for
school and other activities.

Breakfast keeps your bones healthy and helps you maintain a healthier weight.

If you don’t eat breakfast, you might gain extra weight. This is because eating breakfast
jumpstarts your metabolism (how your body breaks down food to use as energy). When you skip
breakfast, your metabolism slows down.

Reiteration: It’s important for your family to model healthy eating behaviors and not skip meals.
If your family eats breakfast every day, the children are more likely to eat breakfast every day
too. Breakfast the most important meal of the day to keep energize us throughout the day.
 The Importance of Drinking Water

Thesis: Getting enough water every day is important for your health. Drinking water can prevent
dehydration, a condition that can cause unclear thinking, result in mood change, cause your body
to overheat, and lead to constipation and kidney stones. Here is how the water helps your body.

Arguments: Water helps your body to keep a normal temperature, lubricate and cushion joints,
and protect your spinal cord and other sensitive tissues.

Water also help you to get rid of wastes through urination, perspiration, and bowel movements.

Your body needs more water when you are in hot climates, more physically active, has a fever,
having diarrhea or vomiting.

Everyone should consume water from foods and beverages every day. Although there is no
recommendation for how much plain water everyone should drink daily, there are
recommendations for how much daily total water intake should come from a variety of beverages
and foods.

Reiteration: Water is important to maintain our body fluid, so our body can function properly.

11. HORTATORY EXPOSITION

The Importance of Trash Management

I personally think that the trash of the world is in critical condition. So, it’s important to do the
trash management properly.

Why? First, the amount of trash is getting higher day by day. It can float in the ocean or become
a trash mountain. Second, many people are not aware of the environment.

They are throwing trash everywhere including rivers, parks, and others. In addition, the collected
trash can cause some serious diseases for humans, animals, and plants.

Therefore, it’s obvious that trash management is needed to manage the trash all over the world.

The Role of Education in Life

I personally think that having a higher education can bring more opportunities for people to
succeed in their life.

How can? First, having a higher education means possessing more knowledge and skill. It will
be useful for the people to adapt to their working environment.

Second, having a higher education can enhance the critical thinking and mature behavior of
people. So, people will struggle more in their life.

Therefore, it’s obvious that education plays a big role in life.

 12. ANECDOT

Great Cake Seller

Caca bought some cakes from an old lady on the roadside, but she couldn't continue on her way
home because suddenly it started to rain heavily. Finally Caca and the cake seller's grandmother
both took shelter.

In order not to feel too doubtful, Caca started the dialogue "Grandma, have you been selling
cakes for a long time?" "It's been about 35 years, son," replied the grandmother. Caca asked
again, “Isn't there anything to help, Grandma? Where are the grandma's children?"

"My children are busy working, some are at the Regional Police, hospitals, and schools." Caca
was amazed to hear the grandmother's answer, "Wow, that's great! Even though they only sell
cakes, grandma's children are all successful, right?” "Yes, it's the same, son, he works like me,
selling cakes."

Pedicabs are Prohibited from Entering

The story is that there is a pedicab driver from Madura who was once caught by the police when
he violated the sign “No rickshaws are allowed to enter”. The pedicab driver enters the road
where there is a sign that depicts a rickshaw crossed with a black line, which means that
rickshaws are not allowed to enter that road.

"Didn't you see that picture? That's a picture of a rickshaw, you can't enter this road!” snapped
the policeman. "Oh I saw sir, but that's a picture of an empty rickshaw without a driver. My
rickshaw is driving, if it's not empty, it means you can enter," replied the rickshaw driver

13. DESCRIPTION

Singapore is a South-east Asian country located between Malaysia and Indonesia

(identification).

Despite its small size, Singapore is known for its transition as a third-world country to the first-
world country. Singapore also was known as the Asian Tiger economy, based on external trade
and its workforce. Singapore size is not as big as Indonesia, but the city ranks highly in
numerous international rankings for its education, entertainment, finance, healthcare, human
capital, innovation, logistics, manufacturing, technology, tourism, trade, and transport. Singapore
is home to 5.6 million people with a diverse culture. Majority ethnic groups in Singapore are
Chinese, Malay, and Indian. Singapore Independence Day was on the 9th of August 1965.
Merlion Statue is the official mascot of Singapore. Singapore is famous for its Garden by the
Bay, Marina Bay Sands, dan Orchard Road (description).

My father bought me a present I’ve wanted for years. It’s a dog. A puppy to be exact. I
called him Ross (identification).

Ross is a small puppy. His size is as big as the palm of my hand. Ross is so fragile. Sometimes I
afraid I will hurt him if I want to take him up. Dad said he found Ross near our house, crying
looking for his mom. But Dad can’t see her, so Dad decides to bring him home and give him
some comfort. Ross is a good eater. He always finished everything we gave him. Now, it’s been
a year since Ross come to our family. His small body has grown up into a size of a football ball.
Ross is a good dog, and we love him so much (description).