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n
2. (b) We have, S= 2 (a+l)
Also, l=a+(n−1)d
l−a l−a
⇒ d= =
n−1 2 S
−1
a+l
2 2
l −a
⇒ d=
2 S−(l+a)
2 2
l −a
On comparing with , we get
k−(l+a)
k =2 S
4. (b) Let the digits at ones, tens and hundreds places be (a−d ), a and
(a+ d) , respectively.
Then, the number is
(a+ d)×100+ a ×10+(a−d )=111a +99 d
¿−40−7 ×(−3)
¿−40+21=−19
25 15
∴ The numbers are a−3 d= − =5
2 2
25 5 25 5
a−d ¿ − =10 , a+ d= + =15
2 2 2 2
25 15
a+ 3 d ¿ + =20
2 2
9. The natural numbers between 200 and 1502 which are exactly
divisible by 3 are 201,204,207 , … , 1497 1500.
These numbers form an AP whose first term, a=201, common difference,
d=3 and last term, l=1500 .
n 434
Required sum ¿ 2 (a+l)= 2 (201+1500)
¿ 217(1701)=369117
Then, a n+1=5−6(n+1)=−1−6 n
a n+1−an=(−1−6 n)−(5−6 n)=−6
which is independent of n.
∴ { an } is an AP.
( ) ( )[ ]
a1 +a n −1+5−6 n n
Sn=n =n ∵ Sn = (a+l)
2 2 2
¿n ( 4−62 n )
¿ n (2−3 n)
−11 1
12.Here, a=−6 and d= 2 −(−6)= 2
⇒ n−5=0 or n−20=0
⇒ n=5 or n=20
13.In the given AP, let first term be a and common difference be d .
Then, T n=a+(n−1)d
⇒ T 8=a+(8−1)d , T 38=a+(38−1)d
and T 18=a+(18−1)d
⇒T 8=(a+7 d), T 38=(a+37 d)
and T 18=(a+17 d )
Hence proved.
1 2
14.Given progression is 19 , 18 5 ,17 5 , …
91 87
or 19 , 5 , 5 , …
91 91−95 −4
Here, T 2−T 1 = 5 −19= 5 = 5
87 91 −4
and T 3−T 2= 5 − 5 = 5
Therefore, Eq. (i) is an AP with first term, a=19 and common difference,
−4
d= .
5
Let the nth term of the given AP be the first negative term. Then, nth term
¿0
⇒ T n< 0
[
⇒ 19+(n−1) (−45 )]<0 [ ∵ T =a+(n−1)d ]
n
⇒ 95−4 n+ 4<0
⇒ (99−4 n) ¿ 0 99
¿ n> ¿
⇒ ¿ ¿ 4
So, n=25 i.e. 25 th term is the first negative term of the given AP.
∴ (a +2 d)×(a+6 d )=8
1
When, d= 2
1
From Eq. (i), we have a+ 4 2 =3 ()
⇒ a+2=3 or a=3−2=1
n
Now, on using Sn= 2 [2 a+(n−1)d ], we get
S16=
16
2 [ 1
] [
2(1)+(16−1)× =8 2+
2
15
2 ]
¿ 16+60=76 i.e. the sum of first 16 terms =76
When,
−1
d=
2
−1
From Eq (i), we have a+ 4 2 =3( )
⇒ a−2=3⇒ a=5
S16 ¿
16
2 [
2(5)+(16−1)×
−1
2 ( )]
¿ ¿
But it is given,
Sn 5 n+1
'
¿
S n
2 n+17
5 n+1 2 a1 +(n−1)d 1
∴ ¿
2 n+17 2 a2 +(n−1)d 2
For finding the ratio of the m th terms of the two given AP's, we replace n
by (2 m−1) in Eq. (i), we get
2 a1+(2 m−1−1)d 1 5 (2 m−1)+1
=
2 a2+(2 m−1−1)d 2 2(2m−1)+17
2 a 1+(2 m−2)d 1 10 m−4
⇒ =
2 a 2+(2 m−2)d 2 4 m+15
a +(m−1)d 1 10 m−4
⇒ 1 =
a 2+(m−1)d 2 4 m+15
Hence, the ratio of the m th terms of the two AP's is (10 m−4):(4 m+ 15)