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How the Foxboro 43AP Pneumatic Controller Works

The Foxboro 43AP pneumatic controller is a versatile process instrument controller that can
be used to control pressure, temperature , flow and level. As with all process controllers, the
Foxboro 43AP pneumatic controller continuously detects the difference between a process
measurement and its set point, and produces an output air signal that is a function of this
difference and the type of control.

Controller Loop for a Pneumatic Controller

The output signal is transmitted to a control valve or other control device. The process
measurement, set point, and output signal are indicated on the controller.

Foxboro Pneumatic Controller with Proportional, Reset and Derivative Actions and Automatic Manual Transfer
 System. Photo Credit: Foxboro

Principe of Operation of the 43AP Pneumatic Controller

The above schematic shows the basic internal parts of the mechanism of operation of a
Foxboro 43AP pneumatic controller. The principle of operation of the device is explained
below:

1. A differential linkage measures difference between measurement pointer and setting

index positions as shown in the schematic above. This error signal moves
proportioning lever.
2. The proportioning lever pivots at its center on the end of a flat spring.
3. This motion of the proportioning lever changes flapper nozzle relationship, causing
relay to establish an output pressure.
4. This output pressure is fed back to the proportioning bellows, which acts through the
proportioning lever to re-balance flapper nozzle.

As shown above, this particular controller model has reset bellows as well as a derivative
tank. The reset bellows and tank assembly are used when measurement must be
maintained exactly at control point -that is without “offset”. The derivative tank assembly is
used to improve system response to a slow process.

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