Electrical Engineering Lab 3rd SEMESTER

Lab Instructor: Engr. Ali Hassan

Session: ME-14 Section: C Workstation No: 10
Group Details

Names Registration Lab Listen Tota

Lab Report
No. Performance Learnt/ l
(4)
(4) Viva (2) (10)
Abdullah 412773
Abdullah Tahir 405142
Wasiq Saleem 412088

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing

Engineering
 TITLE
Developing a variable voltage supply using variable resistor.
OBJECTIVES
 To learn how rheostat works and its uses.
 To learn about potentiometer.
 Calculate the percentage error between R measured and R calculated across the
two terminals of potentiometer at different voltages.
 To understand the effect of load addition on voltage

COMPONENTS USED
 Breadboard
 Wires
 Resistor (rheostat)

EQUIPMENT USED
 variable resistor
 power supply
 multimeter

1. M. Wasiq Saleem:

Simulation:
 Procedure:

2. Abdullah Tahir:

Simulation:

Procedure:

 Using the proteus software I designed the following circuit.

 In this circuit, I connected a potentiometer’s (500kΩ) 1st and 3rd terminal
with the positive and negative ends of the battery as shown above.
 Then across the 1st and 2nd terminal, I connected a voltmeter, with the help
of which I varied the voltage between these 2 terminals and calculated the
resistance.
 I varied the voltage in regular intervals and calculated the value of
resistance.

3. Abdullah:
 Simulation:

Procedure:

Procedure For Hardware:

 We first simulated the circuit on simulation software.
 Then we gathered all the equipment’s required.
AB R
 By using this formula Vo= R ×V we calculated Resistance Rab.
AC

 Where, V is the voltage from the power supply (at our standard, we affix its
value at 20V, a DC power supply source.
 Rac is the resistance of the potentiometer, considering it to be 494 kΩ
 For percentage error:

Theoretical Value−Experimental Value

Percentage Error= x 100
Experimental Value
Results and discussions:

S.N Voltage (V) Measured Calculated Percentage

O Resistance Resistance (kΩ) Error (%)
(kΩ)
1 2 52.6 49.4 5.8
2 4 103 98.8 4.9
3 6 154 148.2 5.2
4 8 204 197.6 4.8
5 10 252 247 4.3
 6 12 303 296.4 4.7
7 14 353 345.8 5.8
8 16 401 395.2 4.6
9 18 447 444.6 2.1
10 20 500 494 3.9

Lesson Learnt:

Abdullah Tahir:
 Rheostat is an electrical instrument used to control a current by varying the
resistance.
 Ohmmeter supplies voltage to the resistance by itself and then it calculates
the voltage drop across the resistance and calculates the resistance according
to the amount of voltage drop across the resistor.
 Power delivered to a system shall be maximum when the value of load
resistance matches with that of internal resistance of battery.

Muhammad Wasiq Saleem:

 If only two terminals of potentiometer are used, one end and the wiper, it
acts as a variable resistor or rheostat.
 The circuit should be completed using the middle portion of the
potentiometer, unless resistance cannot be varied.
 Potentiometer has voltage source attached to a rheostat
Abdullah: