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‫‪T‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫‪7‬‬ ‫‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‪ :‬ﺑﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪ 1-1‬‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫ ‬ ‫‪ 1-1-1‬‬
‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪ 2-1‬‬
‫‪17‬‬ ‫ ‬ ‫‪ 1-2-1‬‬
‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪ !" 2-2-1‬‬
‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪ #$ 3-2-1‬‬
‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪%& '$( ) $* 4-2-1‬‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪+ , - 5-2-1‬‬
‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ ./ " 6-2-1‬‬
‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪ 0 1 23 7-2-1‬‬
‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪456 ( 7/8 8-2-1‬‬
‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪456 ( 7/8 :;1 −‬‬
‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪7/8 7< −‬‬
‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪ 7/@ +=>? −‬‬
‫‪48‬‬ ‫‪ 7=A 9-2-1‬‬
‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪B>C D ( 7E 3 3-1‬‬
‫‪51‬‬ ‫ ‪+F GH‬‬
‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬

‫‪57‬‬ ‫‪I ( 6 JK$ L=? 1-2‬‬
‫‪57‬‬ ‫‪ C 1-1-2‬‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫‪ C #$ 2-1-2‬‬
‫‪58‬‬ ‫‪ 6C 6 −‬‬
‫‪61‬‬ ‫‪;;MC 6 −‬‬
‫‪72‬‬ ‫‪ C‬‬ ‫‪ H" 3-1-2‬‬
75 6 - 4-1-2
91 6 NKB 2-2
91 O"BPC 'H (Q 6 GKB 1-2-2
92 R6)=$M GKBC 2-2-2
96 6 NKB - 3-2-2
101 +F GH
105 ‫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬

107 S,>* T L, JK$ UB 1-3
107 1-1-3
108 S,>* V/C 2-1-3
111 O"BP(>* W65C 3-1-3
112 T L, JKB ?& ,>* D6 4-1-3
113 T L, JK$ 2-3
114 T L, VX - 3-3
126 T Y; Z816 GK$ #$ 4-3
127 Z =BC [,H Q Z816 JK$ $* 1-4-3
127 Z =BC [,H Q Z816 JK$ 2-4-3
128 Z816 JK$ - 3-4-3
132 P86 \5 #$ 5-3
132 P86 W65 $* 1-5-3
133 P86 W65 H" 2-5-3
133 P86 W65 3-5-3
134 P86 W65 - 4-5-3
139 S,>* T L, VX & B>C D ( 7E 3 6-3
140 +F GH
143 ‫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ‬

145 > "( +$] JK$ $* 1-4
145 +$] JK$ $* 1-1-4
152 +$] JK$ 2-1-4
‫‪153‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +$] ; _ 3-1-4‬‬
‫‪161‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +$] ; " 4-1-4‬‬
‫‪163‬‬ ‫‪ \,`C #$ 2-4‬‬
‫‪173‬‬ ‫‪+aP` \,`C #$ 3-4‬‬
‫‪174‬‬ ‫‪+aP` \,`C - 4-4‬‬
‫‪179‬‬ ‫‪0 LbE 5-4‬‬
‫‪180‬‬ ‫ ‪+F GH‬‬
‫‪181‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫‪183‬‬ ‫‪> "( +@] JK$ $* 1-5‬‬
‫‪184‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +@] JK$‬‬ ‫‪ 2-5‬‬
‫‪184‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +@] ; _ 3-5‬‬
‫‪186‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +@] ; " 4-5‬‬
‫‪190‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ +@] JK$ $ 5-5‬‬
‫‪190‬‬ ‫‪ 5 c36 +@d JK$ +; 1-5-5‬‬
‫‪194‬‬ ‫‪e/6 ( $ +@] JK$ 2-5-5‬‬
‫‪203‬‬ ‫‪c& fd #? +@d JK$ 3-5-5‬‬
‫‪207‬‬ ‫‪g h Lb 4-5-5‬‬
‫‪210‬‬ ‫ ‪+F GH‬‬
‫‪211‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬

‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪ 1-6‬‬
‫‪213‬‬ ‫‪1 1-1-6‬‬
‫‪214‬‬ ‫‪+ ^ i?= \ JK$‬‬ ‫‪ H" 2-1-6‬‬
‫‪214‬‬ ‫‪ i?= \ JK$ $* 3-1-6‬‬
‫‪217‬‬ ‫‪ i?< \) JK$ H/ 4-1-6‬‬
‫‪222‬‬ ‫‪> H"( i?= \ K$E ,>* $* 5-1-6‬‬
‫‪228‬‬ ‫‪i?= \ K$ +1 6-1-6‬‬
‫‪231‬‬ ‫‪ i?< \) - 7-1-6‬‬
‫‪232‬‬ ‫‪i?= \ JK$ ^ ,>* D6 - 8-1-6‬‬
233 B>C D ( 7E 3 9-1-6
264 GH6
272 ! 2-6
273 j` I BC +; $* 1-2-6
277 j` I BC - 2-2-6
287 GH6
291 " # 3-6
292 V/C k(; 23 ; 1-3-6
292 DF 2H k<>?( C 23 <>? 2-3-6
293 S*$*C C 23 <>? 3-3-6
294 e/6 C( C 7/@ 23 <>? 4-3-6
295 e/6 W `( l= %Pb m 5-3-6
297 n6 o +F ?; B 6-3-6
299 k=& ^ ;3 H B 7-3-6
301 "ABS" es Lb q 5 r\,*C 2 6F qB <>? 5p( 8-3-6
304 j` I B6 9-3-6
305 k!!E J=!!F 10-3-6
306 k + $, F - 11-3-6
316 GH6
319 $% & ' ( ! ( )* ! 4-6
319 + t( ; <>? ^ ,>* D6 1-4-6
320 + ^ S,>* 6 VD) s " 2-4-6
321 + t( ; <>? ^ S,>* 6 VD) s " 3-4-6
323 I6 u "( + ^ tC( ; <>? 'T 4-4-6
335 GH6
339 -./ + ,
345 ! ( 0 + ,
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;<%2 * =
Lead peroxide :‫ﺝ( ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ‬
k # ,H" 2 .%= Z1 2! , m & { +JK @; Q: 'v ' X'
+4D4 w%= wS
Spongy Lead :‫ﺩ( ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬

Z1 , > 0 (, , |#U X, - { +&vM JK 'v ' X'
+4D4 w@ wS k # H" 2 .@ Z1 2! ,.%=
Separator :‫ﻩ( ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ‬
9 4 4K om @ /, 2Y# E w*u ; qM]. /, 2Y# d5 Z; &(
, ; %%0 l1 ; & @= n= ; Cv# ' 2*'= $44@' l'1 R'
Kb h ,.@ .%= Z1 ]# 2'= -.' 'M 2' '# N ' 'M]
+@ Z1 \ -. M - ! |!@ @
(Battery Cells) :‫ﻭ( ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

A K# .%= .@ Z1 \'! ' H' I -.' '4b E'#
,X$ "
l]m ? h YYD= / vI ? !v= g( 2# ,Z1 2! XG B$" Y
+D= q B4)! 94!= -.
15
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
A '%
BY)4 f -. ]b k # ,dU 2 g-S A />' '4u c'#
+W4−1T * }5 ,e4= V
.4−1, #$+
> $
Battery Terminals :‫ﺯ( ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
; S w%= wS 0! -. ; ? K e; E# C -.' ' ' " ?
R! 1 E4 E > ,E1 ; o*# & C' ]" 8U '; 0'!# ' ,w@' w'S
+ -.4 " K L EH q w@ wS R! ,M1 E4 w%= wS
: ? @! 1 A B9B 6
+(L) O wS − +&.5V wS −e +QMN ; wS −;
+W5−1T * }5
.5−1, #$+
? @A
16
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
Electrolyte :‫ﺡ( ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
UR'' W% 36T 0'' # .@'' H 2SO 4 q'' ''> B''4[ '' -.'' ''M E''
+W6−1T * }5 ,W%64T .@ S 9 U ,³a`L % W1,835T
+³a `_% 1,29 – 1,26 \ -. B4)= UR Z a# E; &r.
.6−1, #$+
C $
ZòÜöbÛa@òíŠbİjÛa@ÝàÇ@c‡jß@ 1-2-1
d a ,KK -. ? (H 2SO 4 ) S= 9'= 'D= q' '> LD@'
, 20o C /- > %-, 1.285kg / L A # )O
A 5)*= -. ? 8'UR 4.'# +W&' B'4[T
Z B" 4 (PbO 2 ) JK @; Q: 4u ? .%= Z " 4 E'#
w%= l 9:; & -# X~ WPb &vM JK-T & @= JK .@'
.@ Z1 - X~U -. b, ; +w@ l <]MN $% ' -.'4
q > C 0% 4)# q 9:; +W-4 'h g'NT .'%= Z'1 d' a
@; Q: ? ,%= (O 2 ) \v@ 1 2 )# w%= Z4 (H) \% -h C5 ; S# >
&! ? ,%= JK 2 WSO4 C5 ;T s I * )' (H 2 O) 9' ' J'K
C Z1 E# , 4! 95 + (PbSO 2 ) J'K C' ' Z'1
+ 1.14kg / L f> d a ? I UR k. +V ? U X; E N ,JK
+W7−1T * }5
17
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
.7−1, #$+
#D EF
ZpbíŠbİjÛa@Ýî–ìm@Ö‹ @ 2-2-1
A
C>* ; dU W12T X @ % /orY C-@ ? 4D= /0'%1 q4@'#
-. K# ! 85U \.M= V - BY)4 ,d'U W24T f'> q4@'U /o'.
: \S >
:‫ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﱄ‬
\ - !"@# & /o. C>* ? S gG( LD@'#
A %
BY)4 ,dUW12T g-S A &'"# /'> '
/0%1 84@# XG ( : "'M d'U W24T '% '
w%= wS k q' _' /o'. C>*' ? '
w''S ,''5R -.''4 w@'' w''S 2'' 1 -.''4
.8−1, #$+ -.4 w%= wS ,/-@ _@v 1 -.4 w@'

G 2 H #I2 !@# 4!" gG( ,W4@T& I 9 < )! 5R
2!V ,V P! ( V E G( ,f K
+W8−1T * }5 ,C -.
18
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
:E JK
A
+ I _: -. ? x y N > H". e1 ; H". \U K# N •
A %
+dU W12T g-S A &"# -. !"# /-M \ - K# N •
:‫ﺏ(ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬
-# K G( ? Y)5 ,<aON C-@ r*# 9:; K ' P' G'( LD@'

A &' 'V E' ,B'
,X$ 4K= C -.4 C"@ P! X @# "@ ,:
+W9−1T * }5 ,H" 2 .@ e1 H" 2 .%= e1 k q _
.9−1, #$+
LM 2 H #I2
19
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
NpbíŠbİjÛa@Ýî–ìm ZåíŠànÛa@áa
:‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬

+f C -. K −1
+X$ C -. K −2
:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬

+}# −6 dU 12 L} /-M −1
+/ K - −7 +dU 24 L} >O −2
+W@p 2=T _)O ; \$U −8 +W<aOT C -. K# <]M; −3
+C-M & ! / −9 + -. C]K# 2 K# <]M; −4
+\: , WdU 12T C - −5
:‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬

! G ' $] '. - C]@' 0'% −1
A
+W10−1T * ? ,]
−2
+!" ] #-
:N OP G 2 H ? @A #I −3
.10−1, #$+ L}5 >* Wd'U 12T \' - w'- −;
>; e; E# E; M; ' d'U 24
+ b1
2 C -. '> w%'= w'S 'K −e
+5R4 w@ wS
4K 5R -.4 w%= w'S 'K −
+>*4 .%=
.11−1, #$+ w''S 2'' >*''4 .@'' 4''K ''K −,
G 2 H #I2 +W11−1T * ? , 1 -.4 w@
20
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
LM 2 H ? @A #I −4

:N OP .Q R+ ,
'''> w@''' w'''S '''K −;
w''S 2'' Wd''U 12T C -.''
L'''}5 /-@''' -.''' w@'''
.12−1, #$+ +" = WdU 12T
LM 2 H #I2 2 -.'4 w%'= w'S 'K −e
,/-@ -. w%'= w'S
+W12−1T * ?
21
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
(Types of Batteries)@ZpbíŠbİjÛa@Êaìãc 3-2-1

:ST 1 A
Capacity :‫ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬
8]M != - '! '{p "@' l '"# ,'Mò'. ; />' -.' "'M l '"#
> 4 M /= o. ; 80 "M - E Ep +\" $ B]b Lz > C -.'
+A z #
: 6W # U H 0 U= V@26
+Z1 /, 0 -. "M ,,0# > ,4b ? .@ .%= Z1 , −
+>@= gG( /, 0 "@ ,,0# > , I ? -!r= Z1 |M >@ −
UR iS5 X,¡ ,³_M`_% 1,28 UR D5 "@ 'S# '> , 'I UR' −
+"M 12`1 g-S -. "M ? iS5 ³_M` _%0,01 -S!
; Mò. ; 50 ; 'Mò'. ; 40 ; 'Mò'. ; 35T 4'6 C"@' C' - %'# G'h
+W13−1T * }5 +WMò. ; 150 ; Mò. ; 100
.13−1, #$+
U ST 1 A
Voltage :‫ﺏ( ﺍﳉﻬﺪ‬
: V > C -. E5 %

,dU 2 X @# 4b , ]b y]: C -. gG( X ,X/ .6, −;
+! S C-@ ? LD@# d5
22
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
C-@ ? LD@# dU 2 X @# 4b ]b dM X ,X/ .12, −e

+W14−1T * }5 ,R I
.14−1, #$+
Y0 ST 1 A
Size :‫ﺝ( ﺍﳊﺠﻢ‬
P5; 46 ? 4!"@'= ' "@' ,'V '!}5; l]'b C -.' L'v>; 4'¢
A
.M C -. _v> E > B0 C )! C>* ; _vI M ; /orY C-@'
+W15−1T * }5 +C-@ gGh 4= ,V C"@4
.15−1, #$+
)ZTA
23
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ZÁÜ©a@kãë@òíŠbİjÛa@Ýöb/@pbãìØß@ 4-2-1
M UR w@> k4u .@5 E# , S= 9= 0 = d ' -.' 'M E'
+ -. M oH) .M= C! W1−1T B V \. , -.
.1−1,
[D" DP E ] 3] DP
#5= /(P \@E
³\= ³\=
210 790 1,230 1
255 745 1,280 2
:‫• ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﲡﻬﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

+k4u 9 ? S= 9= wK −;
9= wKT " $£ N ,2U- kb O wY E ) 9= I w'K −e
+-v5N X,¡ 851 W I
_ > X , * 9k. &%%$ ; &M] e.5p wY 9:; B'4)= k'4b '4!" _' −
+% * k4u
,°L 80 /- I %-, 0# N ) qG Ju a a M B4)= /- > %-, ' −,
+, B4)= < # q d"#-
L ; ? 3_M`_% 1,23 UR E# E; w£ ,a -h $% M ,-. B4)= UR −g
; ; 4D= /9 S > ? B4)= "# w£ ,9* L' ; ? 3_'M`_'% 1,28 ; Y'
_: D S= 9= wY UR C,$ , I lH UR d4 > , 'R;
+ -. 9= 8"M !
24
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ZñŠbîÛa@òíŠbİi@ÞbİÇc@@5-2-1
+ -.4 C>]K e.M1 B1 _(; \. W2−1T B V
.2−1,
^9I_ ` # U \@E
+ -. B.M −1 > ? &' x'S −1 §G''' ''' −1
+ -. ]b + -.4
+ % b¥ B4)= B.M −2 +HD B4)= UR −2
+= |4K; −3 +% * !" N = −3
+-u -. }5 −4 + -. |M ¦@# −4
+UR % AN4[ LDM −5 '' N B''4[ LD''M −5

+))Y CK=
B''' , '''S= 9'''= '''; −6 B''4)= @'' ''D5 −6
+ -. )O C @ /oY CaU ?
B ''% w@''> -.'' 5''K −1 + , 5Y −1 '''''! x''''' −2
+2Y= 5K C$0(] -. "# −2 + -.
A
+% -. d.: −2 h V d.R L w.@
+ ]u l]# X,¡ ¨
,/0 /- I -. "; −3 /- I -.' '"# −3
+ - I B$" p# +/0

-.''' B"'''M L''' −4
_: , -. )O )* U −4
+4 Ca
+-S Ca 4!" -
+- = 2 ~ )* −5
A
+ A
)O -. )O −5
l-"= 0' )*' −6
+WU /, $T 84
+@ @ EYS5 −7
25
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ZòíŠbİjÛa@˜zÏ@Ö‹ @@6-2-1
:§ &( , y]: %# , -.4 9,1 )* > -.b i)
Visual Inspection:‫( ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﻱ‬a
: &( -.4 %-u e" l*M }>]= /, v= \" LDM _

; C 0 b@# ; t Cb5 ; ¦ © ; -@ ,'% ' -.' 9'm _@'% i')U −;
+ #; ; L)*
+t & eS: ,@5 L .R# p C,M m; i)U −e
+<]M1 k = 4# 9¢- @p# L p ¥ -. e; i)U −
+4# L p /-@ -. d.R# E i)U −,
A
+UO A
or B4)= E E p4 C) B]b B4)= } −g
:‫• ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
+W16−1T * }5 ,%-u -. e U "=
.16−1, #$+
7 ?U
26
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
Electrolyte Level Check :‫( ﻓﺤﺺ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﶈﻠﻮﻝ‬b
: B4)= @ i)U _

\ $ \SU; \b B]b l* _@V C H!I -. ? B4)= @ ' p' −;
:
+B4)!4 X4" I o* MAX X4" ku −
+B4)!4 @ I o* MIN @ ku −
+W17−1T * }5 ,\u G( \ E E; w£ B4)= @
.17−1, #$+
C a2
b, } ]u C,M m; 2U q _@V !" -. ? B4)= @ p −e
P#- S E ,)4 @ " @ ' B'4)= E' E; w'£ '> '4u )'U
+W18−1T * }5 ,B4)= iS5 > ? S= 9= lH ,_ 10 −5 B4)=
.18−1, #$+
\0 D2U b c] a2 d@
27
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
&( %%$ \' M .U B4)= @ p ! ]m !)= C -. " ? −
,4u b, z UO M \" gGh , ]u > ? 2'# J'b ' 9'm ' /-.'
.# \" EU B4)= D ,9,M \" .# B'4)= ? 'MN ' { '!r# '
m; |U E , B4)= @ p ! S gGt ,B4)= iS5 &'" G'( , '
+W19−1T * }5 , -.
.19−1, #$+
M e = c] a2 d@
:‫( ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﲜﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﻣﻴﺘﺮ‬c

l "5 , -. > U "= H!I -. @ & E$ S a -h !"@'
+W (g / C 3 ) ; 3_M`L % &( 8U S /> T ,i) S 84! ;. 8#5
: 2 3 4! Rf MY $2 −A
+&= X ¦= −
+%%$ .5; −
+B4)= UR C9 \.# C%-# t %%$ −
+& L b 2 SR /,M −
+W20−1T * }5
.20−1, #$+
Rf MY
28
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
: 9> gc/ EF Rf MY #D A −?

X ' ¦''= ' krH'' ''" $''V ''!"
A 1 4u ? L u { 2
>; 9 &=
X ' ¦''= '' krH'' q'' , -.'' l ' ;
%%0 .'51 ? '; B'4)= i'!U &'=
A
B4)= UR , B'4)= ? '" 'U
/9 S Gb; ! B4)= |M (} 'M B'
-. ' ]b 'S i')U _' G'( /, 'v= \'"
_S N 9 4¢ N > ' 'U /9 'S '5-S
.21−1, #$+
d4b , 'b ©¡' X; &'" N G'( 4'4
#5 % M d@
W 50 −25T /9 S U E ' ]u '" ? /9 'S
Rf MYZ
q4# 4# &" GU ' ]u &' ' '; ' E; X;
+W21−1T * ? }5 , -. B.M w£ , ]u
:Rf i ] T jk .3−1, 0 − h

.3−1,
Rf i ] T
% M c+ T
1,265 1,299 )O
1,235 1,265 )* P-; :]:
1,205 1,235 )* Y5
1,170 1,205 )* 2-
1,140 1,170 W)* HD T ( -.
1,110 1,140 W)* m T -.
29
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
:‫• ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﳏﻜﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﻏﻼﻕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻻ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬
/,% %%$ \ /-. ( -. @ & E$ S k@' $'% !"@'
U ,t & S E U " \" gG( ? } B]b -. > U " 2@5 , -. 8'%
S d5 ; ,B.M %) -. E; &" GU ,E om UO ; 9 'K S' d'5
,/% -. E; &" qGU 9ªb S d5 )O %) -. E; &" q E'U 9,'M
+W22−1T * }5
.22−1, #$+
l9m_ D$C #5 % M d@
30
‫‪NòíŠbİjÛa@˜zÏ‬‬ ‫‪ZåíŠànÛa@áa‬‬
‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪+ -.4 &%-u _@V i) −1‬‬
‫‪+@ @ S −2‬‬
‫‪+a -h M -. @ & E$ S −3‬‬
‫‪+ -. ]b i) −4‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‪:‬‬

‫‪+}# 9 −5‬‬ ‫‪+ - −1‬‬
‫‪+}# −6‬‬ ‫‪+a U1 $% −2‬‬
‫‪+ S 9 −7‬‬ ‫‪+ S 9 9 −3‬‬
‫‪+C-M & ! /' −8‬‬ ‫‪+}# C ,; −4‬‬
‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪:‬‬
‫‪G'' '' $] ''. - C]@'' 0''% −1‬‬
‫! ‪+W23−1T * ? ,‬‬
‫‪ −2‬‬
‫‪+!" ] #-‬‬
‫‪.23−1, #$+‬‬
‫‪:N OP , 7 \0 gc/ −3‬‬
‫;‪+W24−1T * ? , -. k qU −‬‬
‫‪.24−1, #$+‬‬
‫‪ n E o/‬‬
‫‪31‬‬
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
? ''' , -.''' d'''.R# 4'''K q'''U −e

+W25−1T *
.25−1, #$+
X(6 I o/
? '' ,/-@'' '' '' -.'' 2''U- −
+W26−1T *
.26−1, #$+
H i/
''#1 ¦''M 1 '' -.'' ''}5 −,
,,Y 9= B4)! /@1 C 0'
+W27 −1T * ?
.27−1, #$+
a*p cD Vq%6
} " '} 9'= -.' '}5 −g
+W28−1T * ? ,,Y B4)!
.28−1, #$+
3] Vq%6
32
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
) -.4 &%-u _@'V 'S# −

i'')# Cb''5 ; S''O ; -@''
+¥ -. e;
4# C9'¢-N ' C]' i')# −$
+B$"
''' C -.''' WE«T k ''' i''')# −Z
''K i'')# -@'' ; /@''1
.29−1, #$+
+W29−1T * ? ,d.R
7 ?U
'' '' C,''M e''S: i'')# −n

+W30−1T * ? ,,@5N
.30−1, #$+
;<%2 * =
-. d.R# C]'K E' '}5 −X

+W31−1T * ? ,4
.31−1, #$+
X(6 9I $ Vq%6
:N OP b c] a2 ;@ −4
C C -. ? B4)= @ i')U −;
'' &''b B]''b '' l*'' _@''V
? , -. -% B'4)= @'
.32−1, #$+
+W32−1T *
H c] a2 K >
33
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
'' ]b C)'''U '' ''S= 9''= ''; −e

,,)= @= B4)= 2U ' -.'
+W33−1T * ?
.33−1, #$+
E ] 3] /kr
C C -. ? B4)= @ i')U −
B4)= @ }5 _'"= _@'V
@ @= E > 4u )U
+W34−1T * ? ,4u )U "
.34−1, #$+
\2U] \0 s b c] a2
MYZ #5 % M ;@ −5
t
: 2 7 U2 Rf
a -h $V = / kr' −;
+ 2Kp
? 1 4u a -h e.'5; 'b,; −e
+ -. l ; l X;
w)@ 9k. = / krH qU −
&'''%%0 e.'''51 '''b, B'''4)=
.35−1, #$+ ,UR _ _: "
Rf MYZ #5 % M d@ +W35−1T * ?
A 'SU; ' }5 −,
/9 ' \''" @'' '' '
+@ @ 2 .# & "
_ ,/,)= /9 S ? e= _ ' ; ' −g
+8
34
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
.4−1, 2U = / b; / ' kr' −

Rf i ] T jk &%%0 e.51 'b, ' B'4)=
% M c+ T +4u 5
1,265 1,299 #P c+ + ]u & 2 4!" 5 - −$
1,235 1,265 cu 1 A B9B C5'''' 2'''' B''''4)= UR'''' E-'''' −Z
1,205 1,235 cu Vp +W4−1T B V
1,170 1,205 cu i
:N OP 9> gc/ −6
1,140 1,170
1,110 1,140 2 E N; ]u \ B4)= UR E- −;
+%-, W50 −25T C9 'S 'U
]u q4# -ª# &'" G'U C'% E
+ -. B.M w£
4! 9':; -.' 'M E' '}5 −e
E4 C.M # 'U C'% E'U )*'
w£ 4u -ª# B G( EU ,M1
+ -. B.M
35
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
Ander Battery Capacity Test@ZòíŠbİjÜÛ@òîÜ‚a‡Ûa@òÈÛa@‘bîÓ@ 7-2-1

A
,h I } E E -.4 " )4 'U A
5' &' E$' -.'b '" N
:\( ? V -.b w£ , -. R; C 4" BY)4
:‫ﺃ( ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﳊﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
_ -. &. \ o. 2 q X £ Wf -# w)MT 2 ~ -.b !@'
¬>N -. /- p4 d 5 ? -. % S ,o'. ; W 150 – 300T w)'M
W3_M`_%1,225T -. B4[ UR S# N; w£ - /o. ! q4# w)M 9:; V
: -.bN 9 % ! ,°L W 33−16T -. /- > %-,
:#D" i Y0 MYZ H #v 2> •
e; ? $V WC]'K#T C'] 2'#
w)M 4!" $V ? !I Z |' -.'
-. E > 5: 15 /= -' ' /o'. '!
t & - ! -S %50 &"# lM /V
,$V -. >]K U " /9 S Gb; _
.36−1, #$+ +W36−1T * ?

#D" i Y0 MYZ H #v 2>
:R/! MYZ H #v 2> •

&( -. -.bN G( 9 '% '!
r* 9 < [ /-, B"O / , " /-@'
_: , -. e; ? ' '% 'S q' 9':; ?
2'' '5: W15T r@'' N; ' ~'' -.'b 9 '%
dU W9,6T ' D N V E; }>] /-
+W37−1T * ? ,-.bN 9:;
.37−1, #$+
R/! MYZ H #v 2>
36
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
Voltage test open Circuit :‫ﺏ(ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬
LDM -.4 >= / '% -.'b 9 '% _' '> ' E ' 'V -.'b ''(
! ! ,w@ wS w@ l -.4 w%= wS w%= 8U 'K a'
A -.bN G'(
5K N & C -.4 q a -h LDM H!I UR -.bN ]
A
84 , -. % ? A
or# y -. 2 # E; G % +)* ]'m '!)=
+ -. )O > N " &" E; ! -.4 >= / % -.b EU
: qT9
" -.' -.'b '4! 9 '% L' w'£
/- I w.@ b /9 &"# {1 ©.' )'O
E# E; w£ ,C$r 2! w.@ qG "# =
E; X; °L W37,7 – 15,5T \ -. /- > %-,
.38−1, #$+
_ ; -. )O ' C'M /' <a'#
R2< ) w2= T2<] E5 Y 2>
+W38−1T * }5 +5: 15 /= 2 ~
+ -. > U "= -.bN 9:; V $V C" 5-S= W5−1T B % LD@
.5−1,
cu T .X/, T2<] E5 Y
% 100 R; ; 12,6
%100 −75 12,6 −12,4
% 100−50 12,4 −12,2
% 100−25 12,2−12,00
% 25 − K 12,00 −11,7
K ; ; 11,7
37
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
NòíŠbİjÜÛ@òîÜ‚a‡Ûa@òÈÛa@‘bîÓ ZåíŠànÛa@áa

+>= / 4 -. % S −1
+/-@ ? !I 2 -. % S −2
+!I 2 V -.b $v -. % S −3

+a U1 $% −3 +/-M −1
+!I 2 V -.b $% −4 + - −2

A ! G $] C]@ 0% −1
+]
−2
+!" ] #-
: >= / 4 -. % −3
+ /-@ ®; −;
+{ ? : /-@ E; p# −e
-'' ''% '' a'' U1 $''% k.'' −
+WdU 50T !@=
-. w ? .%= $V 4K# 2 −,
+w%=
w''S ? .@'' $''V 4''K# 2'' −g
&.39−1, #$+
+w@
T2<] E5 Y d@
S N; $V > V ; ' −
+W39−1T * ? ,dU W12,6T
38
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
.6−1,
W6−1T B V & C5. 2'%- −$
T Y0 e
+ -. > V \ 5-S!4
T2<] E5 Y
cu T
.X/,
% 100 R; ; 12,6
%100 −75 12,6 −12,4
% 100−50 12,4 −12,2
% 100−25 12,2−12,00
% 25 − K 12,00 −11,7
K 11,7
b #D" i Y ;@ −4

:N OP
''4 '' f''" krH'' q4''M Y''U −;
2''= -¯'' P$'' ''K B"''O
? '' ,/-@'' < '')= "*''# y ''>
+W40 −1T *
.40−1, #$+
U+_ V GU n:x o #p/
/oY''' /'''= '''I 9''' < '''[ -,; −e
? '' ,-'' '' /o''. ''! w)@''
+W41−1T *
.41−1, #$+
39
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
$''v -.''4 &'' ''V '' −

? I 9 < [ # I ? a U1
+5: 15 / RU
$''% E'' >'' ' ''V !'' ; ' −,
,dU W9,6T ' 'S N; ' a' U1
+W42−1T * ?
.42−1, #$+
R/! MYZ #D" i Y0 d@
i Y0 2> MYZ Y ;@ −5

:N OP #D"
+ -. d.R# 4K qU −;
" /-@ -.' 2'U- −e
+ -1
-.'' e''p $''V C]'' w''- −
+.S E 0 - w@>
.43−1, #$+
#D" i Y0 2> MYZ Y d@
+$V ? ,%= !I Z kr −,
> ? -. > 'V C5' ; ' −g
+W43−1T * ? ,$V E
40
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ZÍí‹ÐnÛaë@åz“Ûa@òîÜàÇ 8-2-1
:‫ﺃ( ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‬
# q -. ? ' C]' )' '4!" gG'( iD4'#
+
H2 \'''% -h SO4 C''' Y''' 2H2SO4 -.''' ? &''' B'''4)= E '''>
C 5 .%= .@ JK Z; 2 C )# ,.%= Z1 ' O \v@'1
, I UR S# qG 2H2O 9= A5 \% -h 2' \v@'1 )' ' PbSO4 J'K
+We −44−1T * }5
:‫ﺏ(ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬
_: & B4)= .%= S = - o@U '" y' '4!" gG'( ?
4) .%= .@ Z1 SO4 C Y# > b; / = 8 w@ wS
5 \% -h 2 JK C )U H2 \% -( O \v@'; '!I ? ,'%= 9'=
JK @; Q: A5 .%= Z1 \v@'1 8v' ' 2H2SO4 q' ' B'4[
+W; −44−1T * }5 ,PbO2
.44−1, #$+
y E<2 cu D
41
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
:‫• ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ‬

:y E<2 D % 5O$ *U] −A
→ PbO2 + Pb + 2H2SO4
PbSO4 + PbSO4 + 2H2O 
:cu D % 5O$ *U] −?

PbO2 + Pb + 2H2SO4 
→ PbSO4 + PbSO4 + 2H2O
:‫• ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺤﻦ‬

:f )* $
+ -. "M −;
+)* -# /O −e
: " *U] −
-. "M
= )* $
)* -# /O
: ( −
?)* $ w@> +A8 )* -# /O A/h120"M -
A / h 120
h15 = = )* $
A8
42
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
:‫• ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺷﺤﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

: /," )O /0%; C -. )* LD@#
:X ( 2 cu 4YA −A
S= $V X ,C>= LDM !@ -# or= - ># 4! ? !'"#
A
S )* -# E C - /' )* $V LDM ,)* -# ? _)'4 /o'r=
+ - rK1
+Wo. ; 5T 8#O -# C-# Gbp# >* k.H# - X1 L$] - U " L > ?
X; y N -. ]b 23 ? B4)!4 & E$' d.'R '> C -.' )'O !@'
D )* E; o*# - /9 E; }>] ; )* { \M " U P'#-
+o. ; K ; 1
:X ( Y0 cu 4YA −?

S. % ,,,0 -. % E; > -. )O > dR V )* /0%; !'"#
A S. )*
+:
A %
> ,W=− < [T /> E : A c B[ '' /-.' dR' 'V >*'
WdU 5T g-S % c ,A !@ -#
A 0£ XG '= - ' ,,a' -'# ' < ')= '!"
+WdU 12T -. WdU 15T WdU 6T -.
+W45−1T * }5 ,)* $% l "4
.45−1, #$+
cu MY
43
‫’‪NòÜöbÛa@òíŠbİjÛa@åz‬‬ ‫‪ZåíŠànÛa@áa‬‬
‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪A )O‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪4@ -. )* −1‬‬
‫‪A ² )O‬‬
‫"‪+‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪4@ -. )* −2‬‬

‫‪+d: % ; -# )O $% −1‬‬
‫‪+ - −2‬‬
‫‪+ -. e; }# C ,; −3‬‬
‫‪+C-M & / −4‬‬
‫‪G'' '' $] ''. - C]@'' 0''% −1‬‬
‫! ‪+W46−1T * ? ,‬‬
‫‪ −2‬‬
‫‪+!" ] #-‬‬
‫‪.46−1, #$+‬‬
‫‪t‬‬
‫‪:N OP z‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬
‫‪%c+‬‬ ‫‪ c+ −3‬‬
‫;‪? ''''' , -.''''' e'''''; '''''}5 −‬‬

‫* ‪+W47−1T‬‬
‫‪.47−1, #$+‬‬
‫‪ ? @A Vq%6‬‬
‫‪44‬‬
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
-. ]b ' C,'M |'U −e

]u / D1 C$r Y'# '>
E''' ''' -'''v5 y''' N &'''
,'''' C)''''U ? ,@''''5 <''''(
+W48−1T * ?
.48−1, #$+
9> ;<%2 * = j2/
Q''# ''> ? B''4)= @'' i'')U −
? '' ,9''= '' ''4S ''; @''=
+W49−1T *
.49−1, #$+
{r E ] 3] /kr
$V w%= q4M We]T .'S w'- −,
+ -.4 w%= wS )*
$V w@ q4M We]T .'S w'- −g
? '' , -.''4 w@'' w''S )*''
+W50−1T *
.50−1, #$+
Tu MY 9P `PE6
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/or= S= .S! 4= "@ ' −

"M 0,1 )* -# -S E '>
+C -. )O $% ? -.
,)* $% M -.' )*' _' −$
+W51−1T * ?
+E-R B4)= ;. > }5 −Z
+)* $% 4m; −n
+$V C] 2U- qU −X
.51−1, #$+
cu MYZ c+
A + -.' '% ' −<
wM= V Ep 4
+dU W12T X @
? '' ,''M /''= ,''# -.'' < ''# −B
+W52−1T *
.52−1, #$+
Y d@
A
Ep'' ''4 + -.'' ''M UR'' '' −L
''''' Z a'''''# .'''''M= UR'''''
? '''' ,³ '''''`L ''''% 1,26 – 1,28
+W53−1T *
.53−1, #$+
#5= /(P d@
46
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
+ -. ]b C,M w- −E
k = k- /-@ ' -.' w'- −

''h .''M= e''1 ' -.'' WE«T
m _: _)*' ' 'b S.' 'm
,< )= 9m 2 2= &' 9'r
+W54−1T * ?
B$ 9m
.54−1, #$+
H `PE6
A
+W55−1T * ? ,% { ? .: −P
.55−1, #$+
|$ b X(6
t } %c+
:N OP U t c+ −4
+( .M & )* C9 % _ −;
/'= o'. ; 30 )*' '! ' −e
+W56−1T * ? ,S, 45 – 30
.56−1, #$+
c+
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µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ZpbíŠbİjÛa@åí@¦@ 9-2-1
> P.# w£ 0¢ ; B"M E s B4)! /p."= C -.' < '# '> ?
:#
8#O - .A S# O -. )*5 −SM
A 8 5©; XG'− §G' ' -; w'v −;
C] H '"# /a gG( B]b t d5# & C S. $ q' o'. ; 2
+=
Y5 /= % )*# S= 9= z I _: ' % ' -.' )*'# −e
E ? E0¢ ,v w*u \" w4S# } 9= @r# 9'= ' _': ,'M
+\M /= )*# , -. @ z h"M ,4 /= l%
48
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
@bènßý/@åß@‡×dnÜÛ@òíŠbİjÛa@˜zÏ@òîÜàÇ@õa‹u⁄@ïÈibnm@Áİ¬
: > A T P2 gc/

&` E T gc/ −1
&=A * gc/ −2
%%0 \" B]b i)U

S= 9= B4)= /, 0 _ ,B4)= ? iS5 ³
/% -. E; }# %%0 \" D )* E; }# \"
-. "M i)U 9 %

$V i) Cb
−3 −2 −1
dU 9.7 ; -. U dU 9.7 ; -. U
!4M -. E; &"
}# > 2 ~ )* Cb 9 %

B.@# N )* /% -. E; \"
5: / -.4 "@ i)U
dU 9.7 ; dU 9.7 ;

!4M -. E; &" -. B.M &"
& 2= %U – ~ •

& J$ &&& 2 7 16 %U – •
49
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
Zòîäè¾a@òßýÛaë@åßþa@‡ÇaìÓ@ 3-1
: 2 ) 42~ ` > %
+ -. b Bp Ju X0 . −;
+!"4 IY C ,1 B"M −e
+/9 /% ; ? u 9 % −
i)U }# 9:; ; s!I B4)= 0 4! ' C0'U4V ' C-}' 9'#- −,
+C -.
+qG M]. 1 B"M w£ s!I B4)= 0v ))Y P.# −g
& BY#N 2= _#u ; @ 24b w£ /-@ ? (-.b ; -. k q'U ' −
+ ? > C >
+qG Ku /,1 B"M ; C% E 4 & S= -. 2U- −$
} 9= K 2 @m ? P² w£ _@'V ; \'" '!I ' # '> ? −Z
+qG $] CU"M 9 % X-V
A
-v5 w.@ q E1 ;i) ; )* 9:; \b ; -. U -5 4"'O w 'S# 2'! −n
+ -. /Y / D1 w.@
; ? 2# ]m ![ E# t Kb ; ? C 4S 1 R' ,'= E0'¢ −X
+Kb
+e-= l© d N !" 2! −<
50
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ñ‡yìÛa@áíìÔm
ð‹ÄäÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZOüëc
: O/ ccp _ H 8E" T E5 * ik :1d
: T b 5 EYP @F {r 5O$ @ # K H #DU MY -1
+)* −;
+ −e
+ )* −
:% 5 EY$ @ * r N #DU6 −2
+< )= # −;
+kSU /-@ oM −e
+< )= /-, 9 9:; −
: b ) w2=~ U5+ −3
+ 4S -. −;
+H I -. −e
+ I - −
: 1%p 89m −4
+E"= −;
+E −e
+qM]. ; nrH= n= −
:$6 x" > b ^ ! * −5
+.%= Z1 , 2 @ −;
+/> .%= Z1 0# −e
/> .@ Z1 0# .%= Z1 −
51
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
:N O/ zF7 U )A .×, 9 , ccp U )A .T, 9 ik :2d
W T +5Y 4M C -. &( I C -. −;
9 K# 4S C -. ? LM#. @ -( B4[ !" −e
W T +Z1 \
W T + -. > * !" -. "M -.b −
W T +0 = d 9= w@ s!I B4)= 0 −,
W T + -. 9,; \@ !"# /0 /- I −g
:.A, DZ] #P )A `=%] DU #U2 .?, DZ] b `2P :3d
.?, DZ] .A, DZ]
` #U2 E q
A ' '
g-''S A '% a''! ' } −1
+ -. ? dU 12.6
+ -. ¦5 −2
+ !@ * -. B4[ EYS5 −3
+ -.4 §G −4
w''S k ' ''U B$' 9''m w '# −5

+ -.4 w%=
52
µëþa@ñ†yìÛa
ïÜàÈÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZObîãbq
NñŠbîÛa@òíŠbİi@òãbî– Z‰bjnüa@áa

+a -( −6 + - −1
+a!U −7 + -. )O $% −2
+}4 9 −8 + S 9 −3
+}4 " −9 +& ! / −4
+.*b ; > P#-N M −10 + -. }# C ,; −5
:‫• ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬

+ -. }# −1
+/9 S v@# 2 , )* > ? -. M UR i)U −2
+/-@ Y &( -. % i)U −3
+ o. 1 /9 S v@# 2 ,9& )O -. )O −4
P.# h.M ; ]M p4 -. i)U 4! @ &'" k'D= ? '%; −5
+!4@
:‫• ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
.57−1, #$+
53
‫‪òîãbrÛa@ñ†yìÛa‬‬
‫‪ñ‡yìÛa‬‬
‫‪…^{{{éjÖ]‚{{{éÖçiÝ^{{¿Þ‬‬
‫‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﳛﺪﺩ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻳﺼﻮﻥ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻳﺼﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳉﻬﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻝ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻭﻳﺼﻠﺤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪55‬‬
òîãbrÛa@ñ†yìÛa
@ZéÜàÇ@c‡jßë@ŠbînÛa@‡îÛìm@âbÄã@õauc@ 1-2
, ! "
#$ %& '( )( ! " * +, - .&/0 #' % ' #, 102
34 56 78 #0 9 : ,; +, <' = > * +, %?+@A %B, 9 : + C+4
# %*& +3' H3 I J %?+K & L( M NO G & ; DEF =/0 , 102
S/O >* +, T3U * +, %?+@A ? 9 : #$ %& 'R > Q P
:>\ −Q1−2P ,$ − ;?@F '=X #0 YZ , G %& T3U VW
1−2
!"
Generators@Zpa‡Ûì¾a@ 1-1-2
b c=3 d T30P _` D Na * + - ` )( ,Z , - " ^
G7& 6 YZ S/O Q_` D
:‫• ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﺎﺭﺍﺩﺍﻱ‬

j K " #,= Q G& GiP * + 6& %- I :\ h /` D0 he X I0 f - g(
GlD= 3 kD=36 %' - 4 kD/
57
:‫• ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻓﻠﻴﻤﻨﺞ ﻟﻠﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻴﻤﲎ‬

)( 5 no +p <' %0 0 Ql 4 / noP lD= f IF m3@ g(
kD/ j K )( 5 l 4 R6 /` D q r j K )( 5 / I O j K
GI
:‫• ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ‬

G +3 sC % / * +, %?+@A ft &0( −F
G* +, %?+@v 0 , = D' m E +c #$ −u
GpTUD d 'w D' #$ −!
:#$%& '() * ! + ,-.
Gd :: d 0 d& +@o =" −F
GMca I −u
GZ +4 −!
@Zpa‡Ûì¾a@Êaìãc@ 2-1-2
: x 1/* 1'Z )( d M/D
G=/ 0 :bA •
G&&z 0 :y B •
:‫ﺃ( ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
e( d #0 .D :\ =/ {
<' = :\ =' YZ &a H|F
#0 T D| gR6 ,_` D Na
D O }D@ ~$ 1/` D0 1 - 1 I0
* + 6& %- T3 \ Z&F F T3 j:\
2−2 S 4 )( S@0 #0 V` - 5
GQ2−2P , , j K S/O
58
<' 1 E 1$6 f| M 3O D V` D3I g( #, Q50P &&z0 <' Z DZF 7F
R6 f- #0 ,6 h @0 F 6 h 4 h E
h D $6 R6 D 3a
! D4e p' l=/ 7O p' <' 3 d T3 #0 5 &' <' O 30 <' 7 e
QO p'P 4 Z ;?@F +6`F M3 %$ %& ? ~ <' h 0 d T3 ft I
D' 6 4 F 6 @0 @0 <' Z 1 Q3−2P , ,d T3 &' f0 \&' S4 D
G- 3a U4 $6
3−2
G1 1 & D' %O bCJ + lDD0 Q4−2P ,$ |
4−2
59
:‫• ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬

* #0 fD Q2P ! D4 p' #0 S z NO =/ 0 S 1 Q5−2P ,
p' f0 +6`F I +3J ! D4e d T30 f| 7 c #0 '=X n ,0 a #0
p' 0F Q9P 0 O <' Q9P Z, T 4 kD/ :J NO ,Q4P O
Q8P Q% EoP =3 D d T30 Q1P =3 >@ r VC3 J <' @ Q4P O
u -A )( 6 |o n 0 D' /` D u -A #, _` D b c +6 kD/ >
+D D' f| (Ball Bearing) 0 <' Z& ; DEF ! D4e p' = ,Q7P B
G =3 Q5P T3r Q6P 0 0A
5−2
#0 ,0 ! D4e p' F OC

d 3 9 g a #0 *
cZ a #0 2D > 'o
S / > _` D T f
GQVC P S m 0 −6 G% Eo TT −1 ! D4e p' %O @& . T

GQA $6P :J20 −7 GS - ;:O −2 1 Q6−2P , ,d T3 3 -
GQOP f=X −8 G! Zo p' TT −3
4A S z3 / 0
GQB $6P :J20 −9 GS - ;:O −4
G% Eo TT −5 G7s <' I =/
6−2
60
(Alternators) :‫ﺏ( ﻣﻮﻟﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺩﺩ‬
G@F ECE dg d 0 >\ ,d / MY0 h O 0U/ * >\ .ZA j:\
:0 1$! 2 !3 $4 •
GC ' D' 4 % #0 %30 l NO C ' D' #$ #,= (
GIF 4 dg U4 +/ (
Gs TJ Mca I (
GZ 3 @ O 3- (
#0 , _` D b c p' \ *& p' 4 &&z d 0 + ! D4 M
h
%$ M, 7: p MYD= 0 #0 D d T30 )( &0( M h - 12
G !r + MYD > dYD )( 6 |o &&z 3 O= &? , D d T30
Q7−2P ,$ :0 1$! 2 $5% 67 •
7−2
_` D0+ 30 +3J = /` D0 u -F #' % ' D p' = &=' #0 ,
>ECEP d T30 ECE #0 ,0 m E p' ,T +3' H ?D 4 Z 3O &= <' S 0
I M ,J <' 0 @& 120 ? 's0 VC <' 0 Q@A
:1 h 0 ECB d T3
:Y #:;< $5% #=7 :8.9
+@ U p NO U p = 3 7 / U +@ I p @ 7 / I , NO
G+ MYD +/ NO U4C * >\ j:\ ,@
61
:∆ ! $5% #=7 :#$<>

G@ I p NO @ + h /0 U +@ , +6
GkD/ O dO0 9 F 6 #0 Z,0 '=X @
:1$! $?% #=7 •

GQ8−2P ,$ |0 \ ,6 @ Z O O O0 90U4 #,=
8−2
,% D- #, Q&& 4P dO0 fF U/Z F D3' SL ZR6 30 @0 OZ F Z&F g(
GQ9−2P ,$ |0 \
9−2
62
|0 \ :\ O && 6 6 U/Z F #,= ZR6 @F ECB O 0F
GT3U O O0 0 j K QC−B−10−2P ,$ | ,QA−10−2P ,$
u -A M+ M M+D0 3 d #0 .D :\ O && U/ -
GQD−10−2P ,$ |0 \ ,6 /` D
10−2
63
:‫• ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺩﺩ‬

>ECE .Z \ , U4e f* .D #0 50 7g 0 ;?@F Q11−2P , 1
:>\ ;?@A #0 <' 7 ,À
G%, −s G −F
GO − Gd& −u
G% Eo d T30 −q G! D4e 30 −!
GZ, T −7 GQkZ5P = −&
GI V`F − G ?D0 3O −j
Gu -A −
11−2
64
: '6 ;?@F #0 , ;?@A j:\

: $219 1 . @A −
3 u -F #0 , 0 ;?@ \
d T +3J VT30 &=' <' 0
% r 6 B M, d T3 j:\ ,% Eo
<' E > 0 #0 >\ /` D
T 4 d T3 j:\ : M NO ,
JA 4 %O , NO Z,
M, 7: MYD #0 & #0 @0
12−2 kD S/O ' S/O

:B 1 . @A GQ12−2P ,$ YZ G
:DE> @A −C
/` D 3I %& ? 9 g geT #0 - * #0 .D0 e m E ;?@ \
+p f0 3I0 ! D4C d T30 CE <' 7 ,Q13−2P ,$ 'o d <' S3
+6 ,Q14−2P ,$ m B p <' 6T30 QD S/O F & F =cZ ,$ <'P
G=/0 )( &&z0 #0 3" @F #0 d& )( S\: 7: 5
14−2
F!G!3H IB JB
13−2
:B DE> @A
65
:2K( −F
= =/ d& 2 V0 \
! D4e d T30 A G6 O j K
h
# D0 %& T4e #,= e &&z0 h kD

,T3U * +, %?+@A F
@ NO d& S M 9 :
4 CE @0 +D0 ECE ,d&& 4 O
<' , N ! D4e 30 f0 30
<' +t f| GS 4 J^ S@0 && 30
15−2 #0 % %a 0 a :\ 0 O
#2 !" L M) 2N OP GQ15−2P ,$ YZ G ; DEF d&
:K I #$<E QI −

9 g , #0 fD T j:\
%a @& ,Oe =
GQ16−2P ,$ >* +, I I J
NO 4 JA @0 xOF $6 @
#0 % Eo d T30 )( MYD #0 Z )
16−2
4 D d 3a Z, T /0C0 bCJ
L M) 2N OP #$<E QI GM' D / dg

#2 !"
66
:$5! S 7 −R
: 0 j:\ 3B0F #0 ,& NO #0 JF )( #0 d I q Z 3
DF, D−, B, D + :>\ q Z fF y A −1
DF, D−, B, D + :>\ q Z CE >,0A −2
DF, D−, B, D + :>\ q Z m4 y −3
: :B TE +2 . U" . . #?. −.

&=' <' O %, S M
O 54 4 #0 O :J2 7:
; f6 9 g ;?@F O
%a @& cZ 3 e lO J& )(
;?@A 1 ,Oe #' K D
TI0 R6 5/ /D GQ17−2P ,$
M= S/O JF )( % 4 #0 3
17−2 3= 6 0 0F , =3 D
E. U3
G%* ;?@A a +/
: W" −V
G3J& T3U ;?@F Mp \ ,* 4 F D0 A #0 %& ' M/@ fD
: X(2 −X
>+6 - 0F G +@ <' = # 0 ,=3 OCI " <' =
3= F lO %; |o =/ =3 T0 6 D' %; |( M 33-
' h & T D \
# 0 V`F I ,%@ F <' C
G# MYD0 1 I0 J V T0
67
Regulator :WZG −Y
%$ Qm T P + R6 ~ %50 d 'w 7: #0 O =/

h D' 3 C
, h 5/ ; DEF u/ = F ,=4 5 % % Q5 0AP
> F SL : G%50 3 # O F 9 g )( V p ,; 6 D' 6
<' = MYD '=c= d &? 9 : , & ' 5 #0 M h E +@
h
S 0 +D0 J& S 0 +D=6 \\@ T0 +D, %5B .ZF D\ ,3= j:\ MYD
Gyz, o F _` D0+, .Z #0 @ J
:‫• ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬
¡TZ <' Q2P J^ 3= f0 .T <' bI Q1P 3 )( V p S 0 30 4
:\ 0 #' $ D _` D b c F N ,C+4e %& f0 /3/ <' bI0 %D
GQ18−2P , /0 x 9 : ,Q1P 3 b X j K ¡TZ 3
18−2
JP@% JB2 [2 %% WZG2
u:@ %- d&s C+4e $ gR6 G6 C+4e 0 ; DEF Q2P y B 3 =' F kD/Z
GMYD = & + i6 =- mpTUZ ` .g
68
:J Q2VP QC+4 7F &@ 'P h OT0 , 0D' =3 + i6 " #,= , :+ 6
D' Qm 6 6.3P )( TUD = F :\ b B #0 cZ ,Qm 6 8.5P )( /0 Q18−2P , #0
:Q5 0F 20P $ C+4
:1$! WZG2 #\3 E −
%& f0 /3/ <' % ¢ J MYD= Q1P f0 z Q2P 3 b /Z F #,=
GQ19−2P ,$ ,C+4e
19−2
1$! WZG2 [2 %% WZG2
Q2uP f` .g S3 h 6 , k D _` D b c R6 1 a #' C+4e &&s l=6
h TUD6 Q1 P 6 |o 0 k+ 30 = h p +p #' Q2iP f Z TD6
,> | )( & f` u:@ %- 6 %$ T S / +@ i6 9 :
D kD F f` ? :,\ G@ #0 %$ &&?6 +p f0 Q2iP f Z
MYD0 O P 1= 1 \ 40 Z 'A %$ £ 0 D3I ,1=- 1
h
#$ , Q%3 J^ 3 OP 1=YD0 +6 =/ > % / F : @ GQ+
Gm EF &@F +
69
Gb ¤N
Gd6 ¤F
G ¤B
G ¤L
GdF ¤E
Gb $( T0 ¤1G
20−2
#$<E$ 1$" !" ]$7G^2._ WZG2 ` < ?
a2b% Y=<. a$7G^2. # 1. JB2 2 +!.
21−2
#$<E$ 1$" !" Tc . d1) e.0 f KZG2 2 B
b52 R 2 +!.
70
: :P _$BP dGE d! #ZG −C

7& 6 YZ #0 %& T4e M
f - g( ZF <' ¥D > ='
0 /` D0 O 4 q J I0
6& %- I :\ +3'
s - % j:\ = ,* +
O / q J 6 B f ' f
GQ22−2P , YZ ,/` D
22−2
!" W$:(% _$BP dGE d! #ZG gh
:1$! F!G!3 2 −F

ZR6 }D@ ~$ _` D0 b X bCJ O :O ,$ <' 934 #0 'D0 3O %&( D'
V` <' 14 Z 1Z0 13O I +D0 %& T4e #,= * + 6& %- +6 ,
z= 6 s +@ )( CJ #0 kD/ 7w Z % $6 3O ¡0C 93/ V`F #0
h / h D= 6
G&&z0 \ F <' & 9 g
23−2
j!G 1$! #:$k. + 1. .V ,"? OP 02 1$% OP i(N #$I$
71
@Z‡Ûì¾a@ÝàÇ@òÔí‹ @ 3-1-2
&@ ' <' & :\P p6 )( #0 ¦2 =3 T0 6 D'
MYD0 ' )( 7w #, bJ dO =/ e NO # MYD0 )( ME Q#$
GS / r )( Z =, Z, T H` #' p )( #
f - p & cZ ! D4e p' kD & & D'
" 3= > dO ' 7w Q&&z0 P :\ _` D b c q J
a j:\ # MYD0 ' )( 7w ME #$ <' & - =/0 )( &&z
h
3=' F F <' & :\ %*& #' S / r f YZ ; T Z
6 J& kD/ &&? h 0 § # & ' &&? 0D' ,#
G =3 VW S/O # 3=' | MYD \D' MYD
h
#$ O %&0 de O ZR6 =3 T3U %& VY YZ
:~ >\
: iA2 2 k _l 1 =2 −
#0 7w6 , +@ #0 -F +@ , D' a j:\ "
& >* +, M ,# b ¨3 ' <' e& p 7: # 0 bCJ
S / r )( & =, ME (DF) Z ' D d T30 )( ME 3 )( ¡0C q Z bCJ j=
NO ! D4e p' )( #0 >* + 0 #,= e a j:\ Q©AP
GQdO ¥* J f@P j0 fD= dO
: m
_l ."2 _l 1 =2 −C
#0 7w6 # b0 f0 + / NO 'w D' a j:\ "
q Z )( (D+) V H` #' D d T30 : , , S@0 )( dO bCJ
# +D0 '=X dO #0 d '=X CE D\ F OC (DF) )( ME ¡0C
G D I J >+6 B B '=c 0F
72
:$B=E #1\ _ 2 OP _ 1 =2 −F

=6 # +@ #' +@ ? NO , =3 4 'w D' a j:\ "
S3 S4 <' /` D =6 Q3P MYD S3- )( ME (D+) V )( dO bCJ
)( 0 ' )( D p6 ,¡0C q Z 1 D +3L MYD f6 7:
Y +@ ~ D +@ 3 <' 0 =6 D d T30 S@0 )( ME (DF)
G# +@ ::0
_ o2 Uo>E OoP o o_ 1 o=2 −
:#1\
'w D' a j:\ "
h
:*D6 ,5B +@ ? NO
7: MYD S3- 3= _` D b c
¡0C lO f66 B F S3 S/
(D−) S / 3 ¡0C q Z f0
30 , 9 : h 4 b

1 5E2 m" h - p D
G D3 D\ , C6 1 4
d 0 U/ dYD #0 .D :\
q Z 3 ' sF #0 ,%5 u
Zz, ( dYD= 4 M 9 : ¡0C
GdCI j $F &0 #0
> M4 | Q24−2P ,
YD U/ # %*& ª D
24−2 Gy A
nGA d\$\ ! W3 gh
e9 ZG !"
73
:‫• ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ ﺟﻬﺪ ﺍﳌﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﺍﻷﻭﺟﻪ‬

=- ' <' kD/ + -
M, H` #' MYD M u -A
b0 &s 3 ,I F f u -A 30
GkD/ + TUZ 3 I f
kD/ + 1 -C 1 Q25−2P ,
, ; D' ZF OC , D u -F 30
Z )( Z lO 5 kD/ + 5 u -A
25−2
G« TUZe u -A F 6 MYD
' D' t #0? I kD/ I exc Qu -A 30P % Eo 1 -C 1 Q26−2P ,
40 « TUZ )( &F &s f I b0 F OC +6 n 2 <'F ' D' n 1 pTUD0
G I m 2 % Eo
26−2
74
ZŠbînÛa@‡Ûìß@ÞbİÇc@ 4-1-2
G 0 b 'F | Q1−2P b@
1−2 i.
1$! 2 i\P
FbA ," \A
d cZ5 0 5 ( G3 U4e %z6 ( 0 3 1
G G Z ' ( Qd cZ5 P

G%@ Z 6 5 ( G3 U4e %z6 ( Z, T ¬ 2
?D d 3a (

GZ, T
G ?D d 3a YD ( <' ms F 4F M ( 3 | 3
GZ, T 5 ( Gd 3a

T ?D d 3a ¬ (
GZ,
GI q Z YD ( GI q Z D &@ ( 3 ' 4
G =3 3J %* ¥6 ( 3J %* . Z (

G =3
G@ 0 5 ( G J& ¡0C O ( d T3 izO 5
GI d £ ,Z (
G%@ d 0I 5 ( GS@ S / £ ,Z ( d 0 3 6
GZ,3/
75
Nòj×‹¾a@óÜÇ@‡Ûì¾a@˜zÏ ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa
:‫• ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬

G <' ¥6 3=' ;@(
:‫• ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬

G%' D$ −1
Gz0 s +@ −2
G5/ %$ ¥6 s +@ −3
GAVO Qz06AP + £ - s +@ −4
:‫• ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳋﺎﻡ‬

GS3 % 4
:p q$G%
S / NO ,*& h * u -F 6 ' SL <' ¥6 ;@( D'
G =, %?+@F Zz, o M, dO 3 9 g
:‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬

:#1\ ' * −1
n ®F &@ ' 0C4 #0 2 SL
\5 SL 9 g &@ O d F
, ; /0 ¥6 M ,%c
SL ,u3 a )( ( SL Z O
s +@ H` #' =a 6 B £ -
27−2 <' C0F &@ ' #0 2 SL ,z0

#1\ r:N #*> s$k ' F @ , + ' F u -F
0$2.1$t V_ u7 P G )( 3I , 0C4
76
Belt Chech : U3 ' * −2
0 O 54 $ 0 ¥6

¢ r Z ! 3 M
s +@ 4 =3 D
F −Q28−2P ,$− 5/ $ ¥6
5/ ¥6 M ,% /0 4
Je : I J %' U4 SST ?0
j3J Z0 %&@ 0C4 #0 2
28−2
−Q29−2P ,$− d 3 #0
U" 1!c _ ` < rAE
, $ ds #0 S4 &@ F
j5 SL 6 S' &@ O
G% 0
: V$I −3
' #0 2 dsT ¥6 SL
=- 0 9 : 6 f - &@
29−2 ¢ r Z !3 3 =3
U" u= %. [\=! G
:$5! S 7 −4
b 4 T0 MYD 1 dCI3 m B %&@ 0C4 #0 2
G T F VÀ +D0
: ' * −5
5 dIF &@ ' #0 2 M 9 : F / &@ ' #0 2
G O ; DEF `
77
: :B 1$! . _l 6* s$k −6

<' £ s +@ I H` #' =3 + i6 £ - M NO £ :\ 7L
=a ' D' d Je ;@( M ,~ <' s + I M6 %$ £ - 0F ,7s
ft f0 0 , =a D' 9 : %&@ * +, %?+@A ZA %; |( &
f0 +/TZ ¢ r ! , %&@ M 0 %&@ * +, %?+@A
G£ s +@ <' @ r M
30−2
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E :B 1$! . _l 6* s$k
:WZG ' * −7
9 : ,= ` NO #0 HT #, ,¥T ` .ZA , NO #0 dYD 3
/3/ S/O ¥T3 d r 3 MYD ¢ r Z u , .@ SL
G
: vw # ' * −8

;?@A ft ; T`( M - ME %O )( lO M
,;¯ # :" F #0 2 (ON) f| <' b $o T0 %&( M \ ,6 |o
+,6 M =3 =' ' O ,d2T Z # :" F #0 2 $ \
G-z mZ g( \5 +6
78
NŠbjn‚üa@ò—äß@óÜÇ@êŠbjn‚aë@òj×‹¾a@åß@‡Ûì¾a@ÙÏ ZïãbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

G #0 !J(

G%' iDI −1
G * +, %?+@A I J ¥6 D0 −2

GS3 % 4

S 9T 9 g 6 −1
SL ,S@ S ME heF S /
3 e lO ¢O , , 96
9T I r % 4 u -A
G u -F
I r dCI 96 \ −2
=' M +,6 ,I
H #0 +TYD 9 g Z I
I <' ba p n 3
31−2
* +, d?+c 1
g$ ( "B"! ,"? #1\ [E5 x*
G 0
79
d r . SL 5/ 9T M- −3

#0 @J( D' 9 : 9T3 =3/
,®F 7A « e N Z ,0
#0 d? #0 3' Y6
Z O JF %0 4 @F
Gb4C h a I @
h
32−2
U3 x*
m B dCI 50 /0 96 −4

'- . I r % U4
G0C/
¢ Z ,0 #0 3 M 96 −5
<' | `4 ' #=p
G= `
S/O J D0 <' m E −6
Z 3 d r
Gs +c3
&@ d r S/O s + $ −7
Gs + u
33−2
#5) ' I (G2 ` < ?
#E #$E_ _9E
80
@NéÈîà¤ë@bè—zÏë@‡Ûì¾a@õauc@ÙÏ ZsÛbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

G - ¥6 =3 *?c 3=' ;@(

G% iDI −1
G ?' T0 −2
G¡ ,0 −3
GQz0AP + £ - s +@ −4
GZ dg 0- −5
G% /0 −6
G −7
GD@s −8

G 0 −1
GS3I 934 −2
81

: #z
M/@ <' d 0C' f| SL −1
+4 @F #0 9 g ,6 -
GJF %0
G I r 50 / 96 −2
34−2 ;? #0 * >0 0A M/ !J( −3
DE> l 2 = d229 W"l F cy :a >J f0 9T0 4 m B
xI2 #\3 E G B d T3 OF 3 e lO
GO 0 I 96 −4
35−2
A X!I2 #\3 E #?. # 25 x*
>0 0A ;? #0 p !J( −5

G¡ , 4
36−2
a #\3 E d229 l 2 1 . @A F cy
82
: ' * C

:1 . @A ,B= ' * −1
4 p ¥6 M
Qz0AP 0 £ - s +@
#0 ¥T −Q37−2P ,$−
9 : 4 D d 3a 1 b e
i(%
1 b &@ ' #0 2
37−2
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E 1 . @A ' * p ?D d 3a
=BN E i(%H 2 {!B 4 ¥6 M ,Q38−2P ,$
' #0 2 ?D d 3a
.Cè ?3 ,Q39−2P ,$ ZJ
f I r Z u <'
=/ s c &O 6
38−2 +4 - M > M d 3a
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E 1 . @A ' * 4 +TYD ,u3 + 0
i(% . P 2 {!B
p ¥T ,=' Z %TDI
1 . @A W". =BN E
/, C4A . Z #0
%4 9 : /` D u -A
G&=
39−2
1 . @AB #= G =BN ' *
83
:F!G!3H @P DE> @A ' * −2

s +@ 4 m B p ¥6 M
¥T Qz0AP 0 £ -
d T3 V`F 1 b e
&@ ' #0 2 ,Q40−2P ,$
p d T3 V`F 1 b
40−2
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E DE> @A ' *
.Cè ?3 ,Q41−2P ,$ m B
=BN E i(%H 2 {!B f ¢ r Z u <'

+ 0 =4e M 6
G \:JF M > M f0
41−2
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E DE> @A ' *
i(% . P 2 {!B
DE> @A W". =BN E
84
:2K( Rectifier ? ' * −3

dO V`F 1 b e ¥T Qz0AP 0 £ - s +@ U/ dO
M= j Ke >* +, / @ dO =' ' #0 2
6 f ¢ r Z u <' .Cè ?3 GQ42−2P ,$ O
J | b ,$A ,b 4e 3=' D' =3 3 dO d TI0
GZ % / À >ECE dO
42−2
0$2.9 #2.= s$k V_ #\3 E ? ' * #=7
85
:K I QI ' * −4

<' .Cè ?3 ,Q43−2P ,$ % / dT b` £ I r dT ¥T
' D' ,dT b =4e = 6 f ¢ r Z u
4 D0 #0 2 SL ,Q44−2P ,$ , 4 4 SL 3 = + 0
GQd cZ4eP dT ¢ r 7
44−2 43−2

#. #\3 E K * i !3 #=7 \" #\3 E K * i7 s$k
:+2 2 ' * −5

d F / F +6 ` 5 dIF &@ ' +0C4 #0 23 0 ¥6 M
GQ46−2P ,$ ,D@? 4 = !J( M ,0A ? g( 4 Q45−2P ,$
46−2 45−2

#G$1 #\3 E : F cy :B +2 2 ' * #=7
86
: [$:z \c F

4 +3' p ME ,Q47−2P ,$ , 4 p I r 0 S −1
GQ48−2P ,$ ,¡ ,
48−2 47−2

a #\3 E 1 . @A : ,$% $ #\3 E 1 . @A : ,$%
¡ , 4 3' p ME ,Q49−2P ,$ , 4 0 0A 0 = S M −2
GQ50−2P ,$ ,I r %
50−2 49−2

a #\3 E #$229 #2= : ,$% $ #\3 E #$229 #2= : ,$%
#3G A .
87
+ O %, S M −3

GQ51−2P ,$ , ? T0 4
51−2
A X!I2 #\3 E #?. . |E1
934 4 dT | M −4

*s SE bCJ #0 S3I
bJ& H e N >T3r ò
GQ52−2P ,$ , p
52−2
V ,=} ibc 2 ,B5 xB3 #\3 E K I |^h
dIB) 17f #~
88
d 0C S/O f=K M −5

9T - +| M >
ME ,Q53−2P ,$
I r 50 / 4
S4 M \ ,Q54−2P ,$
53−2 § @F #0 S3 93/
2bA ,"? [$:z
Gd 3a <' +43@ dT
54−2
qE #5) U2" #\3 E |E1
S z 0C4 #0 2 M −6

F d I & &
GQ55−2P ,$ ,dIF
55−2
$ #\3 E .% u7 P ,$0 #2b3 2 {!
89
@Nòj×‹¾a@óÜÇ@‡Ûì¾a@kî×‹m ZÉiaŠÛa@åíŠànÛa

GQ <' S P )( %& '(

Gd 4 >* + %' iDI −

GS3 % 4 −1
G 0 −2

G& f #0 , 3J #0 2 −1
G , f| −2
h
G5B h
' ,@ h B Z ,0 m B −3
G I r dCI I −4
¢ r c <' 43@ #0 2 5/ S −5
<' f| I J 3' 4 j$ ME ,
° ? S/O u3 ,
56−2
G!3,
#B!A #\3 E U" #=7
+ ,S / S ME heF 3 S@ S S M N S −6
dO 3 9 g S / NO u -F ¡,' #0 :a SL ,@ ,
G =, %?+@F Zz, o M, dO 9 :
G =3 dIF &@ ' #0 2 −7
G5/ $ ¥6 & V ( M H* -& ¡± #0 B F % −8
90
@ZŠbînÛa@pbàÄäß@ 2-2
G9 g 74?Zz MYD U4 ME ,_` D S3 g MYD0 U4 -
@Zï;î bäÌ¾a@kÜÔÛa@ëˆ@ŠbînÛa@áÄäß@ 1-2-2

| .D +D0 T3 .ZF @ 4 Z Z g p MYD0 h Z OF 3' H3
GQ57−2P ,
:‫• ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
; D' G D d T30 f0 p MYD * +, dCI Q57−2P , |
13 £ > Z )( ME p MYD= Q3P V ME T0 )( #0 = % /
G«A f0 D 30 %*& =, MYD (F) V bCJ #0 b c d T30 )( ME Q£P
D #0 =6 MYD 3 _` D u: %& s 5E2 Q£P ¡0C q Z T + %& s D'
0 bJ cZ :\ G©A ME D 30 ME (F) D ME R 0 )( MYD Q3P
& JF %0 p6 kD/ + 6 , D TJ )( 7& %* (R)
h d 'w D' , D &&? H3 f| )( Q£P q D
3 _` D T , @
h
0 )( 7& T4A u:@ O 30 +3 Q£ ,£P q D K @ @ h ' MYD
q D bCJ #0 ©A )( MY0 =6 ,Q¢ ,£P q D )( MYD Q3P V #0
,3' f| &6 JF %0 + lO D 30 )( 0 h f D ,Q¢P
G & ' f0 S4 D b= 3 f 3=' ,
57−2
91
h
7: 74?Zz MYD b4 M ,dCI j $F U4 5 h
dYD d -
: ?=
G J& #,= Mca 5I −1
h
G ! Z( &&? ~ 5 h 93+/ e −2

GZ ! e b`F j=' R6 : 0 ;?@F <' 7 e −3
@ZðŠìn@ãaAÛa@áÄä¾a@ 2-2-2
Q58−2P ,$ :EE14V3 ‫ﺃ( ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻃﺮﺍﺯ‬
xO( ;(Ic) 30 ,0 *& MYD :\ ;?@F M\F

0 (T1 ) 4?Zz <' 7" > (TWZ) %*&
%* GM, %O B§ ( ZD) Zs && (R 4 )
0 (T2 ) 4?Zz <' 7" > (TWT) JA
M ,% F !r 3O0 B§ (T3 ) 4?Z? (R 3 )
d& @ ,9054 <' d 0 >- f=K
58−2
G%&TD0 dO d TB,
f| Q% EoP D , 0D' MYD =' | QF −59−2P , | %*
G6 (OFF) f| % Eo , 0D' | Qu −59−2P , ,I (ON)
C
59−2
92
:‫( ﻭﺻﻞ‬ON) ‫• ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬
bCJ = e −Zs && +@ #0 -F 7F− MYD +@ m" d +@ , 0D'
M," = D\ ,h 30 , ~ (T1 ) 4?Zz %' = e ~ ,Zs & .T
h
CI0 3c (T2 ) 4?Zz %' - ME (R 6 ) 0 ME (D+) V ME % Eo d&& bCJ #0
h
+@ fT56 (B−) ©A f0 % Eo %*& =, CI0 6 (T3 ) %' I6
GZs && + d/0 D' + fT m- ¡TZ , ( U G )
:‫( ﻓﺼﻞ‬OFF) ‫• ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬
h
O CI0 Zs && L F f / 7: + \ MYD +@ lO +@ fT 0D'
h
S / CI0 (T1 ) 4?Zz %' - )( ( ZD) ME (D+) #0 = _,' s Z
h 30 (T3 ) ~ ,h 30 N' 3 /D h T )( (T2 ) %' - <' + « TUZ
7& - % Eo 30 Z? /` D0 - ` &@ )( % Eo %*& ,0 M+3' H3 (T3 , T2 ) h pF
#0 3 , (T3 , T2 ) 4?Zz 3 - + %5I =- ,$ <' f . T O )(
,Z , %a %3 3=' 0 \ a & 3' H3 7: (D 3 ) & I M 9 g
G (D+) )( JF %0 + . Te :\ = % Eo 30 f0 7s <'
93
Q60−2P ,$ :Hybrid Type-EL ‫ﺏ( ﻣﻨﻈﻢ‬
:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻭﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
|0 \ %* ,

GQ61−2P ,
Zs (D 2 ) , ( NTC) .Z #0 O 0 0 (R 2 )
60−2 , T= = d4?Z (TR 2 , TR 1 ) &&

, j K d&& (D1 , D 2 )
G+c3 d/= = d 0 0 (R 4 , R 3 , R 1 )
a ; D' j K Q61−2P , |
)( #0 |0 \ = 6
, (TR 1 ) 4?Zz T6 (D1 ) )( (R 1 ) )(
4?Zz :\ N' %' 1 = NO
b c ,6 ©A )( D = =/6
& Gu -A _` D
D / ¡TZ
S@0 #0 S@0 5E2 m"
61−2 G #0

#$ <' =' T D6 TI + 3 , 9 :
, 9 : (R 2 ) 0 %O @& fT 3 M #' +@ %& s D' ,Q62−2P ,
#0 = (TR 2 ) N' %' 1 = ~ ,T h 6 Zs && <' 3/ +
D NO (Blocked) T- O (TR 1 ) 4?Zz , 9 : ©A )( N' )( f=c
/` D u -A d T30 #' D f D6 4?Zz :\ N' %' %*& <' + i6
u -A _` D b c e cZ +@ TUD6 ,Q63 −2P , |0 \
f T6 Zs && ` <' 3/ + TUD6 (R 2 ) 0 %O @& TUD ~
94
+@ i6 2D NO (TR 1 ) 4?Zz T T f| )( &6 (TR 2 ) 4?Zz <' %'
d0 %' 3= j:\ , :,\ ,JF %0 D = 4?Zz :\ N' %' 1
G+ MYD ' S/O Z B
63−2 62−2
95
@ZŠbînÛa@‡Ûìß@pbàÄäß@ÞbİÇc@ 3-2-2
G 0 MYD0 b 'F | Q2−2P b@
2−2 i.
1$! 2 WZG2 i\P
FbA ," \A
G +D0 2 dCI ¥6 ( GI C4F VCJ ( %*s ZU4 &@ 1
S / J ¥6 ( GS@ S / ¡0C ( GMYD

GS@
G MYD0 % 0 ( G| !J ( f 0 dI O 2
+ 0 F I q Z 5 ( J& I q Z ¬ ( GMYD

G 3 U4 GMYD
G U S/O q D I ( GI C4F VCJ ( I C4F izO 3
G ?' dCI ¥6 ( S / 1 ¡0C O ( GMYD=3

GS@
GI q Z YD ( <' FI M F 4F &@ ( G 3 I ' 4
GI C4F ¥6 ( GI q Z

GI C4F . Z (
G@ MYD0 5 ( . T S / %a @& . T ( GMYD 30 izO 5
G %$
96
@N‡è§aë@ŠbînÛa@áÄäß@pýî–ìm@˜zÏ ZåíŠànÛa@áa

GMYD dCI ¥6

Gd 4 >* + %' iDI −1
GAVO z06F ¥6 s +@ −2

G MYD0 −

:|@ . ' I −1
¥6 - dCI 0C4 J −F
GMYD
64−2
d T3 . Z 7F &@ ' #0 2 −u

GJ #0
65−2
97
NO #0 ¡0C q Z 4F J −!

GizOe F 3
66−2
F ; e NO #0 d T3 ³ J −&

G+c3 I '
67−2
:_l |h −2
MYD0 | .g >D M- p M >, −F
G+
Gm 6 14.8 – 13.8 :MYD +@ −u
68−2
98
:S 79 E #2.= s$k −3

:+ MYD0 6` x (F − 1G ) 6 −F
0 , ¡0C q Z H3 D6
G F Q11P
0 , ¡0C q Z 6 D'
GTI Q0P
69−2
: (L − E ) MYD ` 1 0 −u

G F 100 = 0 R6 q D H3 D'
GTI 0 = 0 R6 q D 6 D'
70−2
:MYD (B − E ) 16 1 0 −!

G F 100 = 0 R6 q D H3 D'
G e 0 = 0 R6 q D 6 D'
71−2
99
:MYD (B − L) 16 1 0 −&

GTI 0 = 0 R6 q D H3 D'
G e 0 = 0 R6 q D 6 D'
72−2
:MYD ( N − E ) 1 0 −j

G F 23 = h
73−2
100
ð‹ÄäÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZGüëc
:{ 4 1P # $ ( #Ef OP i SN i? [h :1s
:<' % 0 Z, T ¡0C −1
G O0 −F
GO p' −u
G p −!
Gm B p −&
:d YZ U/ −2
G#?D −F
Gb? −u
G U −!
Gs −&
GH 4 0 −j
: 4 &&z d 0 O M −3

Gm B p −F
G p −u
GQdOP d 0 −!
Gd 0 + m B p −&
:'w D' &&z 0 F −4

G −F
GpTUD −u
G 4 −!
G + 4 −&
101
:\ Q P MYD0 TW −5

G+ f6 −F
G f6 −u
G# MYD −!
G f6 + + f6 −&
:#3G 1A . #:B E #$%& :l : :2s

GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG H` #' O 0 :J2 −F
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGG , GGGGGGGGGGGGGGG >\ d / U/ > d 0 #0 'Z @ −u
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG ?0 YZ ?0 −!
_$ y 1 g$ ( W3H 2 i 2 ,! Wo} , o E #Go$ oA OoP SoA% :3s
:W_39E
:&&z 0 ;?@F −F
Q P G p (
Q P G (
Q P GO (
:=/ 0 ;?@F −u
Q P Gu -A VC (
Q P Gb c 30 (
Q P Gf=c (
: 0 ;?@F −!
Q P GMYD ¡0C0 (
Q P G: 30 (
Q P GMYD 0 0 (
102
:{ K$* #7) 1A 2 × #2bP. ,# $ ( 1A 2 T #2bP [h :4s
Q P GheF -F " SL S 3=' - −F
Q P G6 b? d ¡0C f` dYD U/ −u
Q P G= #' - R6 O 54 . Z D' −!
1ooP oo2 oot #oo3G 1ooA oo2 C #Poo:; 1ooP oo2 # $ (oo 1ooA Wook1 [ooh :5s
: #P:;
C #P:; #P:;
@ 5 Z, T f| −F
GQf=cP O YD −1 Q P
Gf=c <'
GTYD O ¶3@ −2 Q P Gm? ¶ 30 F ¶/0 O −u
GT b 4 −3 Q P G+D0 O O −!
G +TYD T <' , −4 Q P GZ, T V`F izO −&
G! Zo p' 5 −5
Gf=c f| | −6
103
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@NŠbînÛa@‡Ûìß@âbÄã@òãbî– Z‰bjnüa@áa
:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬

G 0 YD %@ O = B F F −1
GQz06FP £ - ¥6 s +@ −2
G¥6 −3
G ¥6 s +@ −4
Gd 4 >* + %' iDI −5
GQ%TDI + I £· + 0 + Z 6P %@ f - −6
GQ!3 P $ & −7
GQ# - + YD $6 + bzP YD d&F −8
:‫• ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ‬

G% / <' 0 YZ ¥6 −1
G%?+@A U4 YD J −2
G 4 +6 ;?@F 96 −3
G+ MYD0 ¥6 −4
GMYD % 0 + MYD b 4 −5
104
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‫‪ (2‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺰﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
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‫‪105‬‬
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% X0e/ ^%T# "V*% %T wV `m :$0;" b >i $5S −W
> / 4 Ge / UV \o 8 $T% Kf% GF& aT9
,? > m|4 z # X {*% `m Y zH / 9 'v; wV "T 9jR
l
,- ," $ ' F x8%/ ,$ % \:# U8 OF b e `|-
)7W −13−35 "* +
j −13−3
2 −13−3
]f $0;I $5S
]f b >i $5S
113
Zò×‹ä@õ‡i@Ú‹«@ÞbİÇc@ 3-3
)- 4 ' ( \0B ^/ 71−35 \ P
1−3 7# &
]f 7 j
9 FQÙ 2 \' 7 ' ,3
F@ −1 )T /0 = )1 - 4 ' ( 1
\ %N −2 )9-% r 7a@5 O - )2 )w /

\ %N −3 )&% B 9-% d T )3
\ %N −4 k8 B "-# B =% i &# )4
)NF a3j + q -
g&E X 7GN5 sR "j% -% )5
)7x9N5 ' F
\; −6 )g&P \o aT9 D q - k8 )6
\; −7 E d T D $ - k8 )7
)\2 vT {e*# G& 0V
\ %N −8 )UV %T e # B "-# )8
F@ −1 )T /0 )1 - 4 ' ( 2
G- # −2 %T Xm `9& + ":m )2 ) /

)`9& )UV
)\ %N −3 )UV %T ~H= )3
)\ %N −4 )]%r \o aT9 + ":m ~H= )4
114
NñŠbî!Ûa@åÇ@ò×‹ä@õ‡i@Ú‹«@ÙÏ ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa

)- 4 ' ( Ec a3j% `T/ −1
)- 4 ' ( Kf# A& `T/ −2

)G/ %9 N −1
)aN $ - " a B −2
)x%9 d,8 08 −3

,/ % |T% 23 a3 &% ; E −1
)714−35 "* + ,-
)" [ 3 # −2
14−3
(S" k$:" )EQ 9Q$-" ]f ( $ 9Q$`!" nM −3
:o X
G& G0e w ":m −B
$ - z = X /09
' ( a3j% ":m
15−3
)715−35 "* + ,- ,- 4
5 4 - 4> ( l 1 mM
115
G0e a3 `m −W

L; ,30 UV %T9
,%T + 50 0e Xm `9&
)716−35 "* + ,-
16−3
6$/ 0)# d ":1 ( ]Q\'# 9Q$ nM
3Q - 4 ' ( Kf# A& `m −4

)717−35 "* + ,- ,m|4
17−3
]f p$"I q) -) nM
+ ,- ,m|4 0Q - 4 ' ( L; −5

)718−35 "*
18−3
Mk ? () ]f O%
116
‫‪òrÛbrÛa@ñ†yìÛa‬‬
‫‪Nò×‹ä@õ‡i@Ú‹«@kî×‹më@ÙÏ‬‬ ‫‪ZïãbrÛa@åíŠànÛa‬‬
‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫‪)- 4 ' ( `T/ −1‬‬
‫‪)r Y z # ":T/ −2‬‬
‫‪)- 4 ' ( G- / −3‬‬
‫‪)$ - 4 ' ( −1‬‬
‫‪)aN $ - " −2‬‬
‫‪);9 X " U −3‬‬
‫‪,/ % |T% 23 a3 &% ; E −1‬‬
‫‪)719−35 "* + ,-‬‬
‫‪)" [ 3 # −2‬‬
‫ ‪19−3‬‬
‫"‪)EQ 9Q$-‬‬
‫‪:o X ]f nM −3‬‬
‫‪ U ! - 4 ' ( `T g8 −B‬‬
‫")‬
‫‪G0e \o x9 `9N ":m −W‬‬
‫‪,UV‬‬ ‫ ‪ %T9‬‬
‫‪)720−35 "* + ,-‬‬
‫ ‪20−3‬‬
‫‪7 81 <5) n5\ mM‬‬
‫‪117‬‬
%T Kf# A& `m −]

+ ,- ,UV
)721−35 "*
21−3
6$/ 0)# d ":1 G$HI q) -) nM
UV %T L; −

/ 4 Ge ":m ' F
+ ,- 7\35 m
)722−35 "*
22−3
]_1 ( 6$/ 0)# d ":1 O%
0QR D 7e%5 3 X −n

,m G-H 9 " &% g&P
)723−35 "* + ,- ,
23−3
>" )Q Lr#
X 0QR Kf# A& `m −

)724−35 "* + ,- ,g&P
24−3
$?' G$HI q) -) nM
118
+ ,- ,g&P $T9c 0V L; −2

)725−35 "*
25−3
:5+ 0 O%
$R 0V g&P L; −

+ ,- ,r
)726−35 "*
26−3
sNU N!S# ) )' 0 ( ,-. O%
Y z # r ":m −

+ ,- ,$R 0V
)727−35 "*
sNU N!S () !$ JI nM −4

27−3
:o X
) )' 0 ( !$ JI# sNU N!S mM
l
U ! / r X −B
)* 08 ~m "
l l B = −W
08 ze
)zH D 9E
%f 9P ! M WR X −]
28−3
N!SC t "H1 5. t u C1 2!' Lr# )728−35 "* + ,- , !
119
$ 8 0 !R ~ −

i e94 9P `T#
+ ,- ,"TNR > {;#
)729−35 "*
29−3
5. nM $5S
+ i e94 L; −n
+ ,- ,j /;
)730−35 "*
30−3
$V >5 O% $5S
Y z # 9P ] B −

)731−35 "* + ,- ,r
31−3
!$ JK Tvi
," U ! X0e "- X −2
)732−35 "* + ,-
+ e8 @R A& "- X −
)t em T% j 9
- 4 ' ( ;EB G- # B −5
32−3
)`T a0 G# # [
SC # / t L>
120
NòÐÛbnÛa@õa<uþa@Þa‡jn=aë@ò×‹ä@õ‡i@Ú‹«@õa<uc@˜zÏ ZsÛbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

) i aT9 FT/ −1
)K f i 7\o5 aT9 FT/ −2
)r ( O - \ %&/ −3
) a@ T \ %&/ −4
)- 4 9 a3j% FT/ −5

) Fm : −5 )- 4 ' ( −1
) / E ( O - −6 )HmB 2 E −2
) / E - a@ m −7 )" U −3
)N /0 −8 )aN $ - " −4

,/ % |T% 23 a3 &% ; E −1
)733−35 "* + ,-
)" [ 3 # −2
:o X # !V T "U 9 :5) g_M −3
9 :51 x' 7 mIw "v ,3 −1−3
:o X # !V T "U
33−3 ! %T X HmR 2 E w −B
)EQ 9Q$-" ) e \
121
2 P a3j% UB =B X −W

i NF a3j !
i g&E ! y R , =%
)734−35 "* + ,- ,M
Y = + , i \ %N −]
34−3 ! \ / | Yum 2 P ! 8
# !V T "U 9 :51 =y 7 mIw "v ) i + sR \:#
m: F!":1 s "v ,3 −2−3

:o X # !V T "U 9 :5)
%T X HmR 2 E w −B
) e \ !
! 2 P a3j# UB X −W
i T9% NF a3j
)735−35 "* + ,- , =%
1 = + , i \ %N −]
35−3
| Yum Y = ! 8 p
T "U 9 :5) m: F!":1 s "v
aT9 + ":m E ! \ /
# !V
)]%r
:o X G H !VC 7 81 9 :5) g_M −4

{ −1−4
:o X z> sN "v &j
\ ! HmR 2 E w −B
) e
2 P a3j# UB =B X −W
Mf 0 \o x9 d m =
+ ,- ,M0N g&P +
36−3
)736−35 "*
G H !VC 7 81 9 :5) g_M
122
Y = + 8 a E ¡= −]

E ! \ / ` Yum 2 P
)k8
\ %N B ke Y \; −
)x9
{
m: F!":1 s "v &j −2−4
:o X
\ ! HmR 2 E w −B
) e
2 P a3j# UB =B X −W
0 \o x9 0
37−3
+ ,- ,\o a,Fm =B ! Mf
F!":1 s "v
)737−35 "*
= + \o x9 \ %N B ^9jB −]
)2 P ! 8 p 1
:o X !_1 | 7 "\ −5

"F O - r ( [8 −1−5
$T9c $R 0V + 7a@5
:/ ,- $ ' F9
O - r a/t " B −B
)0QR + G- "F
a/t D 7yc5 G9 -# −W
+ "F O - r
38−3
2 o%/ b9c ,0QR
@! ) _1 |# sNU N!S !f J $3
)738−35 "* + ,- ,g70,25
123
)9o ! 0QR X −2−5

0e M0N g&E B WB "%N −3−5
)"F O -
)"F O - ! WR X −4−5
B $ wQi WR wV −5−5
O ] %N 8 0 ?8 U
)0QR
O Y / P O X −6−5
)/ e
B wVi 0QR + O " −7−5
x9# X %N3 8 0 9 ~ 0
39−3 )739−35 "* + ,- , m UB
@! ) f | 7 "\ $5S
:o X $! @: 7 "\ −6

\ x9 e d m '3NB ":m −B
/ B $Qv `T K f G0e
)1F9
40−3 ]c > d T ¢ W|E −W
@: ]Q\j mM + ,- ,$F / = `9N \,%N
)740−35 "*
) e d T L; −]
%N d T \U [8 −
+ ,- g7 105 "8 K-
41−3
)741−35 "*
@: 7!/ J $3
124
l m \ %N −n
e & d T \ / E @
:% [/e G&F
)g 19 a 9- 0,6 d m -
)g 16 a 9- 0,8 d m -
)742−35 "* + ,-
42−3
> - @: ( )j s & @M 7 "\ $-v2 Y; @ T 'v; 8 [8 −1−6
:% [/e G&=
@: O! ]D% s!3
a 9- 0,6 − go- 1,35 −1,05
a 9- 0,8 −W go- 1,38 – 1,02
m 'H/ $% F9 + Y; e | −B

l
+ ,- ,@ T X 3:% ¢
43−3
)743−35 "*
DE %$S s : ]D% s!3 J $3
+ ke −H R 2 o − v% −2−6

e g&E E d T 8
)744−35 "* + ,- ,G&
+ / E e d T 8 \ %N −3−6
E ! \ / | Yum 8 E =
44−3
&!1 @: s > z> sN "v )k8
-B + E & d T G- −4−6
]c > ¢ W|o ::
) 8 > d T \
125
Zò×‹ä@ù†bjÛ@Õî“ÈnÛa@áÄã@Êaìãc@ 4-3
Bendix Drive :‫ﺃ( ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺸﻴﻖ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﻨﺪﻛﺲ‬
+ 9%& R w& B $ [- B

)m|4 a- ( D ":T {*%
{*% g%/ %& > R LR $
45−3 )745−35 "* + ,- ,$ ' F "V*#

} O! W$;C"
Over Rnning Churtck Drive :‫ﺏ( ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺸﻴﻖ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﺾ ﺍﳌﱰﻟﻖ‬
l
+ 1/R n| *% f-B $ R n|
,- ,\,%N @ a& + 1 %N
)746−35 "* +
46−3
W%1 a > 9P W$;C"
Dyre Drive :‫ﺝ( ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺸﻴﻖ ﺩﻳﺮ‬
A a& + R n| 1 %&#

\;/ "# $% a& +
¢ e [- B D X $
47−3 Y "8 {*% g%/ m ,{;
N W$;C" )747−35 "* + ,- ,' F
126
ZÕÛ<ä¾a@GibÔÛa@ðˆ@Õî“ÈnÛa@âbÄã@pbãìØß@ 1-4-3
:() W$;C" !"
)$R 0V )1
)7\35 m )2
)M ;94 y o )3
){; ¢ e )4
)Y zH )5
+ ,- ,r ( )6
)748−35 "*
48−3
W%1 a > =P W$;C" 9 !)
ZÕÛ<ä¾a@GibÔÛa@ðˆ@Õî“ÈnÛa@âbÄã@ÝàÇ@c‡jß@ 2-4-3
7Y5 {*% z # Xm ! UV %T "/ - 4 %T ! wVi
g: r M ;94 zH ! ? \3 m|4 zH {*%/ ,7\35 m 0N
' ( "V*# ,e8 + 300 > 200 m|4 # $ ' F Y `
8 | e8 + 1000 > m|4 z # X ? G& Y z # a ;# &
z # {*% `T/ [- wVi Y zH Kf {; ¢ e "/ ZR n| + ?T9# + G&/
' F + ?8 > Y z # / ,a£ D GN% 1 G& m|4 z # Y
)$
127
ZÕî“ÈnÛa@âbÄã@ÞbİÇc 3-4-3
){*% 1 \0B ^/ 72−35 \ P
2−3 7# &
W$;C" 7 j
9 FQÙ 2 \' 7 ' ,3
)Y z # \ %N )Y z # YNB "-# −1 / - 4 ' ( 1
)m|4 z # \ %N )m|4 z # YNB "-# −2 ){*%/

)0V \ %N ) ¤ Y z # 0Q −3
)¢ \ %N ¢ + £- B x −4
¢ e g:# + {*%
){;
X zH \ %N ":T Y z # −1 X {*%/ "V*% ' ( 2
){; ¢ e ){; ¢ e ' ( ; / m|4

) / &
)%T \ %N "V*% %T e −1 z # D # `m 1 3
)e:%9 )"V*% m|4 Y
)'v; \ %N G9e 'v2 + £- −2

)UV %T9
128
NÕ“îÈnÛa@âbÄã@pbãìØß@˜zÏ ZåíŠànÛa@áa

)7\35Xm L FT/ −1
)r + ;94 o FT/ −2
)$8; ¢ e Y z # FT/ −3
) / 4 Ge - = FT/ −4
)m|4 z # FT/ −5
)UV %T aT9 FT/ −6

)" a B −4 )$ - 4 ' ( −1
)H R 2 E −5 )N −2
)x# d,8 −3

|T% 23 / % a3 &% ; E −1
)749−35 "* + ,- ,/ %
)" [ 3 # −2
49−3
<= 7\35 Xm L Fm −3
)EQ 9Q$-"
+ ,- ,'%= -B + "-% x9%
)750−35 "*
50−3
LM OP g_M
129
+ ;94 o Fm −4

<= Y z # + o r
)751−35 "* + ,- ,x9% "-%
51−3
= 81# sNU N!S e $#%5 = 81 g_M
!$ JI e
y ! Y z # - = v% −5
)752−35 "* + ,- ,r
52−3
^sNU N!S ~[ t !$ JI F "v
YNR e Y z # Fm −6

)753−25"* + ,- ,x9% "-% <=
53−3
\' ) >)# !$ JI g_M
<5"# " p$F ()
) = n + / YB zH B −7

+ ,- ,g9N $8; ¢ e YB $/ |
)754−35 "*
54−3
3w%w a > g_M
130
x9% m|4 z # YNB Fm −8

)755−35 "* + ,- ,"-%
55−3
Mk JI \j g_M
` UV %T aT9 Fm −9

aT9 + 7":T5 =%T %
:/ ,- H R 2 E 0N GF&
G0e ! 2 P UB =B X −B
aT9 `9N ? w / |
)\o
,50 0e + 2 o9 Mf 0 X −W
)756−35 "* + ,-
56−3
1 = + UV %T \ %N −]
4_- 9 :5) e m: F!":1 s "v
K$)#' E & \! )2 P Y = + 8 p
H R 2 E 0N Kf% x9 v% −10

:/ ,-
)50 0e ! 2 P UB =B X −B
M g&P ! Mf 0 X −W
+ ,- ,UV %T9
57−3 )757−35 "*

K$)#' E & \! G$H" <5) "v = + UV %T \ %N −]
) e p 1
131
@ZÝîÌ“nÛa@|îmbÐß@Êaìãc@ 5-3
:$ ^#T @ LB - 4 ' ( "V*# + 1 %&#
%T- 1 %&/ : 0V $0;" d ":) −j
? %N g%/ <= \@r %T ":T
,& ' ( "V*% \@r {9Q
)758−35 "* + ,-
58−3
0V $0;" d ":)
: > N C") $0;" d ":) −2

& + T9% "V*# e
% ^%T# {9V# = U +
)"V*% %T & +
59−3
> N C") $0;" d ":)
ZÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@pbãìØß@ 1-5-3
:$ " %&' () $0;" d ":) !"
)"V*% %T M 3V −B
)[3% W08R %N3 9 −W
%N3 9 Kf% e9= −]
)"V*% %T M 3V "
,& '3N %T "j# e −
)760−35 "*
60−3
$0;" d ":) 9 !)
132
ZÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@Ýî–ìm@òÔí‹ @ 2-5-3
| ) = Y + 9- TU 9V*# r = %T + & + R x9% "j#
l
g > ; # 9- YR T9% -3NB l
B 2 "¦ $ "j# e "V*% %T gj
:h%- $ (
)aeF9 ACC −] )\@r IG B 15 −W )- 4 1 ST B 50 −B
)761−35 "* + ,- )/0 B B 30 − )sB 31 −
61−3
$0;" d ":) $`!I >/
ZÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@ÝàÇ@c‡jß@ 3-5-3
$ % - 4 1 ~3Q ! "V*% %T "/
)?9V*% - 4 ' ( > /0
)7W ,B −62−35 "* + ,- - 4 ' ( e/ § V % X ^%T/
62−3
$ s 5 $0;" d ":) "M# W5? $5S
133
Ignition Switch Problem@ZÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@ÞbİÇc 4-5-3

)"V*% %T \0B ^/ 73−35 \ P
3−3 7# &
$0;" d ":) 7 j
9 FQÙ 2 \' 7 ' ,3
W08R &# B : B x9#
1 > y/ %T9 9
%T \ %N ) ^%m B ":m −1
%T > $ %
)UV
%T9 9 W08R 1F%
l
B : G& i i
W08R ":m 'v2 + £-
%T \ %N )%T W08B D k8 −2
% "j# / %N > /
` / $ ' F >
)?T9# ?8 = >
134
NÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@˜zÏ ZåíŠànÛa@áa

)"j% -%9 H B e 2 o "V*% %T FT/ −1
)H KT 2 o & + "V*% %T FT/ −2

) Fm : −4 )G/ %9 N −1
)x%9 d,8 08 −5 )"V*% %T −2
)HmR 2 E −3

|T% 23 / % a3 &% ; E −1
)763−35 "* + ,-)/ %
)" [ 3 # −2
63−3
:o X K$)#' E 8 $0;" d ":) g_M −3
)EQ 9Q$-"
e ! e Fm 2 E "V@ −B
)N
0e ! 2 P UB =B X −W
)"V*% %T 7B B 305
,7ST B 505 0e ! Mf 0 X −]
64−3 )764−35 "* + ,-

$0;" d ":) > t E . 9Q$`!I Lr#
135
,- 4 0e > "V*% %T ¨ −

)765−35 "* + ,-
1 = + "V*% %T \ %N −n
x9# G& 2 P ! 8 p
)W08R
65−3
$0;" d ":) $0;I
$0;" d ":) > Y 7 mIw g_M −4

:o X s $- t K) G!:
9j# 7505 0e Xm `9& L; −B
)UV %T + *
0e a/; B #R `9& x0 −W
)T d,8
%& # (20V5 ! %T w −]
)HmR 2 E !
66−3
U ! 2 o9 GE 0 X −
$0;" d ":) > Y 7 mIw g_M
)7505 9j# `9&
s $- tK) G!:
g&E ! 2 o9 G& 0 X −n
)766−35 "* + ,- ,&
+ ,- ,/ > "V*% %T B −
)767−35 "*
1 = + "V*% %T \ %N −2
67−3 ) 8 p
d ":1 $0;I
136
NòÐÛbnÛa@ÝîÌ“nÛa@'bnÐß@õa<uc@@Þa‡jn=a ZåíŠànÛa@áa

)T% "V*% %T ;EB \ %&/ −1
:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬

)G/ %9 N −1
)[3% e %N3 9 −2
)aN $ - " −3
)x%9 d,8 08 −4

/ % |T% 23 a3 &% ; E −1
l
)768−35 "* + ,- ,3-
)" [ 3 # −2
68−3
)EQ 9Q$-"
: " $0;" d ":) %&j 7 "\ −3

:o X
"V*% %T Kf# $Q `m −B
= K¦ R =9
)769−35 "* + ,-)e
69−3
$0;" d ":) G$HI ? nM
137
%N3 9 Kf# $Q `m −W

"V*% %T [3% e
+ ,- ,M 3V T%
) 770−35 "*
70−3
$$"\Q 5C G$HI ? nM
% '3NR a3j# `m −]

,"V*% %T %N3 99
)771−35 "* + ,-
%N3 G9 3V G- −

%T '3NR a3j# / P
71−3
)`T a0 [ "V*%
$$"\Q 5C5 C " ]Q\' 9Q$`!I nM
$0;" d ":1
138
Zïöbi‹èØÛa@ò×‹ä@õ‡i@Ú‹«@òß‡©@òîäè¾a@òßý!Ûaë@åßþa@‡ÇaìÓ@ 6-3
)" [ 3 # −B
)r / % E T -B + " −W
)"9 4: "%N −]
)$ z,% X & ' F `m "8 G& /0 G08 ":m −
)/ 9 T w l E & KZ −n
)%& Y + & x8 B −
)" U ! `T 9 g8 −2
)/; x% 9 ZB D % X/ −
)" % j -B + a R X0e X −
)` _ K¦ FT G-H `T 9 g8 −
139
ð‹ÄäÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZNüëc
: X$M _$_m &U t 7 b 7!F sN Lr :1J

:e N 9P 9 f h"-I ^1
)AV: a& −B
)\;/ a- ( a a=* + −W
)a& LB "- + −]
:Mk JI # !$ JI F j ^2
)e8 + 300 −200 −B
)e8 + 600 −500 −W
)e8 + 1000 −]
:6$/ 0) d ":1 9 :5) N ^3
)YT9 −B
)aT9 Z3Z −W
)aT9 B −]
: # !V 9 :5) S-I ^4
)\o aT9 −B
)Kf% aT9 −W
)]%r aT9 −]
:sN ]_S5 :5+ 0 e 4 ^5
)E d T −B
)& d T −W
)d T 8 −]
140
:o X$M / + s C )j × )Q# ,_$_m s C )j T )Q Lr :2J
7 5 )]%r i d T [3# −B
7 5 )h% ! \o aT9 G- # −W
7 5 )- 4 1 sR "j% "# - 4 ' F & d T −]
7 5 )UV %T T9 C GF& Kf% T9 −
7 5 )UV %T9 & W08R D ":T/ "j/ OF b e −n
:o X$M 4\ 1 ,\w ,3 )j 4\ 1 %) ,3 Lr :3J

%) ,3 &U %) ,\ ,3
31 1 aeF9 1
15 2 - 4 2
30 3 \@r 3
50 4 sB 4
ACC 5 /0 5
141
ïÜàÈÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZNbîãbq
Nò×‹ä@õ‡i@âbÄã@òãbî– Z‰bjnüa@áa

)- 4 ' ( )1
)HmB )2
)" U )3
)x%9 d,8 08 )4
)aN $ - " )5
:‫• ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬

)- 4 ' ( G- # `m -
)]%r \o aT9 Fm -
)d T 8 Fm -
)UV %T Fm -
)"V*% %T Fm -
:‫• ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻱ ﻟﻼﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
72−3
142
‫‪òÈiaŠÛa@ñ†yìÛa‬‬
‫‪ñ‡yìÛa‬‬
‫‪ì…^é{{ŠÖ]ê{Êì…^{Þý]Ý^{¿Þ‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪M‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﳐﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻳﺼﻮﻥ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﻳﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﻭﺃﻋﻄﺎﳍﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪143‬‬
òÈiaŠÛa@ñ†yìÛa
!" #$%& '& (" ) * +,-
%@ 9,- AB ,9:;" 8- <= & >- 6 $ 7%8 5+, ./%" 0 1 %2 3 4
G D" EFD #"
4;:" K" AL 0 EC " 0 D" @J- 8- H"I C"
5(" M:"
ZbèîÜ–ìm@Ö‹ ë@LñŠbã⁄a@âbÄã@pbãìØß@ 1-4

ZñŠbã⁄a@âbÄã@pbãìØß 1-1-4
:T" S1−4Q N8J" 9OP% %8 >- & >- 6 E 7%8
1−4
! "
145
:#$% " & '( )*+ , -. / 0

Main Light Switch :‫• ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬
%" <%P 4X Y --V D$" <%PV N(J 0 )8O" ) W4 I@ +%
:7&% %@ #$D" E- !" %" 0 ,@Z[ )/" <%P !"
: 3 2.
5]$" <%PV W4- \& # S2−4Q N8J" \OP%
2−4
4 5% 6 7 89:& 3 .
:< @+! 2−4 " ;#& < =$ 3 . ,>?> 4 5% 6 7 89:
2 ^:- Z[ W4 9_ )8O `" <%PV ab 7%8 :"o" A −1
2)/" <%P 4X <%PV 7" %" <%P Y <%PV <c :" 1 " A −2
. `" <%PV <! a- ,Se4F,-dT&Q --V D$" <%PV <c :"2 " AB −3
2 ^:- " 1 " aP%" '& ^:-
S3−4Q N8f :@D 3 2C
3−4
@D 3 89:&
146
:‫• ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻷﺿﻮﺍﺀ‬

=2 D e4F, T;" g <%:" N" N ;D :):& G F( 6 7 #E 89B:&
% )l ,E!" N ; W4- N ;D 7 #D" 0 5]$" <%PV W4- >- " h%i jk
'& 7%8 , !" m& >- M!" - " N ; N W4- N ;D n2 ./%" 0 i
S4−4Q N8f P% 5f6 <%PV W4 <%PV N" _P6 oI" I@ N ; ,op N8f
5W4 " `=X Ni%" S5−4Q N8f P% s, ,<%PV N W4 qr" Ni%"
5−4
4−4
89:HI JK L 9
89:HI MN L 9
:(relay) ‫• ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻞ‬
6−4
! " ,&9! ?P% O. 3 . ;#
147
u2 D" 0 ,D" 0 4t a- N ;D s , --V D$" <%PV a- EFD
G
: "" M+v" H"p ,! G
" N8" ;+ \-F+ i
z y u2 $98" 9=V wx –
7!_ {| 3 } ~ , --V D$" <%PV 9_ s h&
T" " Ci%- h% >- N! N %= 7_ T" , $98" " 0 "%4"
5 "%4" 4F
" >- W4 j! s2 3 } ~ ,<%PV N(J W4- 0 N 2 - N a, −M
5!_ N - 9_
:‫• ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺮﺣﻼﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬
:9,- D" 0 -FD C >- 4t o% ,@

:On- Off Relay : L P%&
," W4- N(J ,& 9_ " Ni '& N ; ,S7−4Q N8J" 0 9 s %@
5A ; \"
MN L 9 −R P% D& −C JK Q – .
7−4
/ %S. ,*+. : L P%&
148
change over relay : #9 P%&

G 7C ; | g4t g g " N! h \ 0 #D" N >& ,A D \"
;-
Ni%" -" `=X N8J" S9−4Q N8J" 9 ,87a 87 g_" hCr >- H"p
5N IB qr"
MN L 9 −R P% D& −C JK Q −.
8−4
/ %S7 ,!HK T #9 P%&
A '& ";" <%PV Ni% <%P h S9−4Q N8f N I@ EF+ >8
W4 N(J ,& ";" <%PV <c ,S87 aQ A '& :4F, <%PV S87Q
5\4/% ,& :4F, <%PV
9−4
6 7 #9 #9 P%& O=*90
149
:6 7 #9 #9 P%& O=*90

N W4- y D$" <%PV W4- >- N " 7_ #D" S9−4Q N8J" >- 9 s
s" MIm_ N - y " 3 N(J" ;P '& W4 aP ,;_ 5S86 AQ <%PV
G
A!6 ;P '& W4 aP ,& - , ";" <%PV N(J" 3 } ~ S87Q A Ci%- N4+v"
a- O s" -C" 3 } ~ , "%i%- . `" +s" N4,_ N - >& " a!,
5S !"Q :4F, <%PV <c_ 87 a A
:‫• ﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﲞﻠﻴﺔ ﺿﻮﺋﻴﺔ‬

/D" T;" <%:" >- ," ZD" 1 % >- N!" 8"6 & 0 Ni2 E!" m
<c O ! D" +, <%:" N(J '& N ; $%P Cr hs;+ ) ! D" >-
| 0 + ,@ 7%8 -,& e4F, <%:" !- + ,@ 7%8 | -,& T;" <%:"
<%PV Es@| >- #$D" \ V ZD" 1 % a,- 0 Z -V IB S10−4Q N8f N!
5+, ./%" 0 +, <%:" N(J y _P
f -,;_ 9& /D" <%:" f Z(" m 9-!- Z( '& $%:" X N & " ;
e4F, <%PV Ni% O <%PV N y 3 }_ 9-!- X '& /D" <%:"
5 !- + ,@ 7%8 -,& 8;" 1 ,T;" <%:" N4,
G
,$! 4X --V <%PV - 9 ;- a, ,$" %8- y `$98" " Ni% '& N ;
7%8 ,`$98" " i%- Z[ N " O" -!- s h; )l ,Z N8J _%- Ni%"
D- 3Q HD" )m +, 7 , "%9D $98" $" 0 9K ( 4t 7%"
Ni%- EF+ 7 , HD" / { " { s ,\_ " a- S ;!-
y 3 } ,+,- N8J $" N(J '& / Z[ \; M% >- N/ a!- D- 3p SH+Q
5" ";" \-!- D SHD"Q Ni% %F+
:(‫• ﺍﳌﺼﻬﺮﺍﺕ )ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻮﺯﺍﺕ‬

f N O O 9 ) ) 9- 0 g$ $9 $ N8"
/ 1 ,& + 3V " / { ,;_ , $" `" 9D4 `@ ,g;- `$9
G
\" _%_ {9Y >& " a!,_ 9, $" T%" '& $9 Ni% 3I" 9 7_ `$9
4, = r 9 \"+ )l \=C& " { + >& O" ,@ , -{C" s2
4, 9- EF+ >- 9 h+ ,& ,Z-V \& 8 9 / 7 Z-V
3 } / N/ {%_ 5 ;/%- Z[ Gr G! D+ 9- EF+ 7 Z-V
O," >- 8+ :4" >- H+ >- 9 a, , $98" " N(J < ,& 9 y
5" f a- +, ; !
:,:I9Y WX$ O. %VHI
11−4
! " ,&9! %VHI ,:I9 = H9 ;#
151
Lighting Systems@ZñŠbã⁄a@âbÄã@ÝàÇ@c‡jß@ 2-1-4

- <c_ ,C+V & `$9 _ $98" $" #( S1Q )/ W4- Ni% ,&
<P6 N W4- y `$98" " D S2Q )/ W4- N(J ,& 5!_ Z(" 6
G
5S_J8"Q D$" 6 <c_ , :4F, <P6 ";" <P6 Ci%- 7%8
12−4
,#$% " %5 Z Y
152
Circuit Diagram@ZñŠbî#Ûa@À@ñŠbã⁄a@paŠa†@pbİİ¬ 3-1-4

o% @J- >- C_ ,=%"8" >- $98" {%-" </ 9- = >- M >8 `8"
_;- 4 >- &% m C+V 7%" {%- '& 3%x `" $98" F >- 4t
iX $98" F >- &% '& oC| +% H"p ,7%"V {%-" I@ x
G / 7p M 7%8+ 5 >- 4t o% V $" I@ # ,;- a-
:'&
5 " $98" $" t </ −
57%"V $98" {%-" O OO" !" EF+ −M
5 " M8" Nu-V EF+| −w
`@ {%- aP ) @O" ,H+ N 4L %" >- C+ & =%
X F '& </ ; 0 9" h%i%" N= >- %" O" A >& &
5{%-" I@ g S1−4Q hY 59D4
1−4 OJ
[ I D&% [ I D&%
T! O R
¢r = G Q £{ = U L
`mD4, P %+ B
4i Y _ ¢r LG
3 - = S GR `, = N BR
e W
57%" N E- mD {%-" 9 ACr| ,r y w% >- 4t {%-" I@
153
'& f6 D '& %=% hV A2 h O ,S−Q f6 s9, 7,l ,@ 7%8 7 >8
:T" N8J" 0 P%- %@ s 3% u" 7%" '& f6 g '& %=% ¤u" A2 ¥+V 7%"
13−4
]?07 ^( , [ 7 \ &
:‫• ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬

:MH* D&% −.
14−4
, IH* \ &%+ , !+ %5 Z Y
:_% D&% −C
15−4
, % \ &%+ , !+ %5 Z Y
154
Light Diagram Symbols :‫• ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‬
5 6 $ ¦,; iX {%-" P% S2−4Q h=

2−4 OJ
%5 Z '*+ ,LK \ &%
D&% ` %*9
Battery 5
DOUBLE-THROW SWITCH 5<P6 h- W4-
RELAY 5#(" aP 0 N-
RELAY 54" aP 0 N-
RELAY DOUBLE THROW 5w - N N-
HEAD LAMP 5N4 6 W-
HEAD LAMP 5g4 6 W-
155
D&% ` %*9
IGNITION SWITCH 5h;f6 W4-
MANUAL SWITCH OPEN 54" aP 0 3 W4-
MANUAL SWITCH CLOSE 5#(" aP 0 3 W4-
FUSE 59-
FUSIBLE LINK 5`-% & 9-
LAMP 5
GROUND 5§
WIRES 5N- Z[ aP 0 C+
WIRES 5N- aP 0 C+
156
16−4
, &&7 6 Y ;#
17−4
%Na 6 9b 6 & %: 6 c& $ Y ;#
157
18−4
ÌK dU 3 J% 6 . Y ;#
19−4
Z * DVJ7 P 6 . Y ;#
158
20−4
, % ef9 , #g %5 Z Y ;#
159
21−4
, ! 5% %5 Z Y
160
@ZñŠbî#Ûa@À@ñŠbã⁄a@paŠa†@Ýî–ìm@Ö‹ 4-1-4
NÝy‹ß@æë‡i@ñŠbã⁄a@ñ‹öa‡Û@Ýî–ìnÛa@òÔí‹ ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa
22−4
?P%& [+ , ! 5% %5 Z Y
:‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬

5> " I4," -{C" " C9D" 9=
5 6 " 3I4," F /
5`" wp% ," '& C+V
5 +,- h% C+V a/
5E ," ¦,;" +,-SJ Q +
5 6 N(J W4- A
5 6 N W4- A
5 D$" <P6 A
5F 0 s C+V Ni
5M A¨ $" N(f
161
NÝy‹¾a@Éß@ñŠbã⁄a@ñ‹öa†@Ýî–ìm ZïãbrÛa@åíŠànÛa
23−4
?P%& A& , ! 5% %5 Z Y
:‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬
5> " I4," -{C" " C9D" 9=
5 6 " 3I4," F /
5`" wp% ," '& C+V
5 +, h%V C+V a/
5E ," ¦,;" +,- SJ Q +
5 6 N(J W4- A
5 6 N W4- A
5N A
5 D$" <P6 A
5F 0 s C+V Ni
5M A¨ $" N(f
162
Zòî#îö‹Ûa@|îib—¾a@Êaìãc@ 2-4
:9_ EFD {(" o% D D" 0 -FD <%PV -
:‫ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻏﺔ‬1-2-4
"% 2 a, ~ <%B >- [4- w={ Nr >- o%," I@ 0 7%Dm," N_ aP%
D 4" S£Q D E& y _P ,W w=" qr" D" y N 2 h! | >- 9_
gmD V M[
:‫ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻮﺀﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺎﺯ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﻞ‬2-2-4

g=," ,7%[V Nu- -X {(" W =={ <N- ) >- o%," I@ 0
4" 9& N ; `" 2 = a_ s 4" £ '& &D | {(" I@ , (:" .x
7 7 [4 >- u - T%O W <P f { '& N ; ~ ,S2600CQ y
5W w={ %+ 4" 7; ${ F y H"p 3 }
24−4
h< 9 8#& & ;#
163
:‫ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﳍﺎﻟﻮﺟﻴﻨﻴﺔ‬3-2-4
© %/ - ^10 7_ -X {(" N ;D `" 0 \ V H"p
%" %4" %8" E" %" Nu- ,=%"B &% >- ,; <N- ) ,W
G
F a- g=%"B {[ N&4 (:" .x W 0 {(" >! ) ,-F+ u V `@
O N W =={ q& u8" N/ Z[ I@ ,7%Dm," "@ G %8- 7%Dm,"
G
= '& N ;" 4" aD I yV \" y g=%"B %; s, ,9& 7%Dm," +- N4"
G
AC[ a, ,7%" e ;+ G<%P `;" W ª@% H"I" m S2900CQ y N
5\r "% ";" 2 E! `8" H"p ,%8" >- W =={
25−4
;J i 3 c& 8#& ;#
164
:(‫ ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻎ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﻳﺔ )ﻣﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﻧﻮﻥ‬4-2-4

`$9 %/ hCr >- >- o%," I@ 0 <%:" '& h%2 ) \ V )+| I . +
s ,=%"B N ;D `" V >- ";_ u <%P "% ,W Nr g_" g
5 --V D$" <%PV Z( m D" -!- Z( 0 &D
:, ! 5 6 DJ. ,>?> c& , \j k %:9 +& [ 9E

:8# −
, [4- N-X {(" <%~ ,=%"@ >- , !" >& N8J N ;
5W I@ N & - N8J" g 5\(J" "& "%_ y >- o%," I@ w
26−4
_\j k %:9 H( .#&
:ballast ,\ −M

% "%4" y " >- "%4" h% ,)8x h;f '& E ," I@ 3%
5W N & + N- ,W N(J"
:&&7 6 l ,( Hm −R
G
! D" 8" , !" o% V \ 0 \J
5'& \;, "8 N; ~
165
%@ s W 0 g!" g ª, `$9 %/ %@ >- o%," I@ 0 <%:" - 7
%8" >- W AC[ a, ,S)- 4Q g!" g _D © ,S27−4Q N8f 0 g-
{[ ; WC-V #$" >- r '& W 3% ;" 2 = 0 ,`=="
G 7% " <c <%PV W4- N(J ,& ,(:" .x N-X 7% "
WC-V #$" F_ %_
57%" '& ; WC-V l} s, <%:" "[ #$" ª, ;
27−4
[ D 8#& _\j k %:9 8#&
166
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NòÐÛbnÛa@òî#îö‹Ûa@|îib—¾a@Þa‡jn:aë@˜zÏ ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa
28−4
4 5% 8#& 9n ,o %S
:‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬
:O7 3
5%" 8" £% 3p ]$" W Z-D- H_
5 OOi ! W >- C+V H_
5\ 8- >- £2 AJ8" wr
5= Ni% 7s:" Ni%"
54i% 4, = r W h+

5]8& N8J >8" ,N ;" %r 4, W &
29−4
6j L 9 p#$ R %NU
167
30−4
, ! 5% 6 8#& q#X& rn ,o %S
:sX 3
5W " Ni%" O+
5 V < M" a ` <(" o
5W " .u" !
5\ 8- >- "" W wr
5 !D" 4i%" 4, G= G-
5]8& N8J >8" N ;" %r 4, W &
:,P?&
2uU 222,!9& \: . , * + s gi 8# ,# t +. p&?E b
t v: :y *+ v# $%E (. [ < `:Y . O f+ v: E wx n !9&
2&z t RJD 0 [$ TU
:‫ﻃﺮﻕ ﻭﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ‬

D" . i H"I" , : | >- ¬ {% | <%PV hs;+ ,&
;! +% $%:" -2 I@ '& h%2 >8 ,g;- 0 ;fV - N+ O
ST;"Q aD" <%:" '& NO N8f >- {%- a, I@ ;f ab w _8- a/ N8J
Z-D- '& =% ,S-40 :4F, 6Q ,- 100 _D = 8" ,94 ,& <=V e; N >8 O 4,- <= \^@ '& −1
5" V %" %Y N(J" N-%&
31−4
.Dx , &&7 6 8#& V& [ 9 9 6 DJ7 ;#
G
\ _ 9,- <= ,& >8" ,FV V %" P - 8 `@ N-8- N8f '& a, −2
G W N )
5
32−4
P ,*o , &&7 6 8#& V& [ 9 9 6 DJ7 ;#
169
:p$* SQ
;fV \=% a{% a '& ;" E%!
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V E- %+ E N8f '&
,@| N 0 J- 4" >- w
5- N8f '& a,
33−4
,l: " ,! ,*7 ;#
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h%O" ;" +% 8;, <%:" o{%
aP% ,a: w=" >- a, ;fV '&
5¤;- \;- ;" E-
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7%8 7 ,-100 ";" 6 ,- 40
34−4 6 o%," +,- N8J ;fV j%!+

, * " ,! ,*7 ;# 5N8J" 0 P%- %@ s -FD
170
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5G- %D- P '& D" aP
h =% | \ Cm;" P >-
5D" '& _P
5D" --V <%PV w={
3{%- N8J W N!- N;" {9= N;=

,:" EF+ H"p D" -!
35−4 '& g '&V Gp X « 7
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‫‪211‬‬
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,f 1" ">%b ~4 A A6% $ )A
h9−6g 4!
/%L &'% −2 K ! -1

9−6
& -L
ZpaŠbîÛa@xbuŒ@|(bß@âbÄã@pbÔzÜß@ 4-1-4
Battery :‫ﺃ( ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬
b%/ j? @% 5 4 Ab%L 6Ax [A: A5,

%C4 MEA(N 6V1A F=A , @%>AB
%> O@%>B4 % " 4"BA
~% Z K%
h10−6g 4! ,%0 b8 &
10−6
NO M N BK
Fuse :(‫ﺏ( ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻬﺮ )ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻮﺯ‬
38 @%>AB4 A@" A6%` " A' A5,6

, [: K@ w8 6 Z ,@EA % A
B#C 9> o5 3: % KA! i AJ
,H"AA 3AA8 KAA AA6+ % A AA8 wAAL-C
11−6
h11−6g 4!
PP 0
217
:(‫ﺝ( ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ )ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ‬

Wires
%C48 j? O@%>B4 % [: 5,
h12−6g 4! ,K
12−6
J G* A <Q !JL'
Wiper Switch :‫ﺩ( ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺳﺤﺔ‬
K% - "z: $ )6 :d> n4&%> F-6 + , @%>B4 K Q"q > o% F-6
h14 ,13−6g 4! ,Q@% F%8
13−6
14−6
& B @-* + :U* V *0
-L < @-* + :U* V *0 S T# RM
W
:‫ ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﻭﺃﻭﺿﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﳌﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬
12 %^ i8 n4& o% 8 [: (A6

j? K% AA' 3AA8 H"AAt D%(EAA %&AA'%8 K
15−6 c " c5 5# e6 h15−6g 4A! ,A^
-L V *0 :U* H X+.+ o% V
218
0 AZ ,:dA%> n4&A" %Ae Am 9A ~A46 ~ 3A456

- we :OW %e ,> A^ %C%
12 we BJ w> we %8 , %, ~ : we ,< =I ~ : we ,~4
,I# % 8 )&> ^ j? K% ' 38 n4& o% 8 + 5# H"t ,wL-
:‫ ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺢ ﻟﻠﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬
:%} ~%:C %BI8 (6

Intermittent Switch :Y+ 9* H9 −
[: %&'% 12 o%A VAW F=A6

(6 | Z H ] L M%I ,L-A8 AJ

% 38 2 wIA D%(EA [A: %A M%A8
h16−6g 4! ,D%(E
, " D+I 5, -6/ nB'N c. Z

16−6
hS , −17−6g 4!
Y+ 9* V *0
Y .
, 8 : −3 < =I8 : −2 hwL-g S%I 12 −1

hg 42 $ S%I : ;>%e −5 =< 12 −4
17−6
Y+ 9* V *0
219
Mist Switch :Z O= H9 −
M%IAA &AA'% 12AA IAA VAAW F=AA6

%.< o% c.6 h18−6g 4! S%.<
=< 12 −3 < =I8 : −1

hS%.<g &'%8 12 −4 , 8 : −2
18−6
Z O= V *0
:‫ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﺢ ﻟﻠﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﳋﻠﻔﻲ‬
F%GC 12 o%A 8 cA.6 h19−6g 4A!

O "]
%-6_ −3 &'% 12 −1

=< 12 −2
19−6
501[ :U# V *0
‫ﺎﺭﺓ‬TT‫ﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻹﻧ‬TT‫ﺴﺢ ﳌ‬TT‫ﺎﻡ ﺍﳌ‬TT‫ﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻧﻈ‬TT‫ﺘﺎﺡ ﺗ‬TT‫ ﻣﻔ‬
:‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬
F%GC 12 o%A 8 cA.6 h20−6g 4A!

8%8N K%C_ >%#
20−6
' \ < K :U# V *0
220
:‫ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬
K: n<6 o% 8 (A6 XA6 % A $

12 F=6 ,F%, o% 56 A% 8
12 O "] O8%8N D%(EA %&A'%8 3A8
h21−6g 4! ,=<
D%(E %&'%8 12 % 8 38 6, %IW
=< 12 −1
%% 8 ,C%# % )Z
"] Z% −2
8%8N %&'% −3
21−6
& 9 :U# V *0
: & V c d _X *
U% AA5" KAAJ%C (AA XAA6 % AA $
=<5> # 9 GI D%(E Sb we
,f1 L'> K%.8 Kf1 ZA8
o% 8 L'> A& %A-6? 12A 3A456
U% ~E^ $ ( M% =< , -8
22−6
9,J K% %> D%(E %&'%8 KA@> %A]
& V ]^ % _X à
h22−6g 4! ,9 GI D%(E [: K2>
221
ZbèÜàÇ@òÔí‹ ë@xbuÛa@|ß@òàÄãþ@òîöbi‹èØÛa@paŠa‡Ûa@pbãìØß@ 5-1-4

:‫ﺃ( ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬
hS−23−6g 4! h−23−6g 4! : ME(N 38 D%(E 8 F%GI @%>B4 K@ ~4
−5 o% 8 −4 hi Jg B#I8 −3 k%,!_ o% 8 −2 6%L. −1

. −23−6
A <Q B eNf
Y −23−6
A <Q B eNf
222
:‫ﺏ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬

:‫• ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬
%WZ C> h+&Jg rJ um [: Av ,~%A: K% A" OA8%8N D%(EA A8 A&
5 hCg 28 !J OBJ X%X A! %A8 ,hHg A%, :dA" A^N hLg A L. :dA"
8%, !
:g NO h −
5&J &'% o% 8 %'% km^ % d6 L. :d ,e [: &'% o% 8 wAe IA:
L> :d> & 6 V@I: hK% g N j? hCg 2 5& hLg L. :dA
hS −24−6g 4! h −24−6g 4! ,D%(E &'%8 9,8 v
k%,!_ o% 8 −2 6%L. −1

o% 8 −4 hi Jg B#I8 −3
−5
Y −24−6 . −24−6

!- g NO h eNf !- g NO h eNf
223
: > h −
5&J &'% o% 8 %'% km^ % d6 , %, :d ,e [: &'% o% 8 we IA:
9,8 v %: :d> A& A6 V@IA: ,N j? hCg 2A A5& hHg A%, :dA
h25−6g 4! ,D%(E &'%8
hi Jg B#I8 −3 k%,!_ o% 8 −2 6%L. −1

−5 o% 8 −4
25−6
!- > h eNf
224
:/ \ RX+ −
K@ $ ^6 %-6_ o% 8 ~J 5: | (OFF) %-6_ ,e j? &'% o%A 8 A6 %8IA:
j? we8 38 &6 Z &'% 35e (8 8%4%> 5,6 c,e %-6_ o% 8 ~A46
o% 8 ~J ,%-6_ we8 $ &'% ~4 %8IA: A&5" K A M%IA $ KAZ
0 KA8
0 A^
^N %eN I: %8 %-6_ o% 8 km^ % A dA6 | hPg +A IA: ~A46 %A-6_
0
^ + [: hSpringg s>%C ;1e e %R %-6_ o% 8 ~4 J &'+"
~J ,%-6_ we8 I: %&'% ~4 | %8I: ,hoffg %-6_ ,e j? &'% o% 8 6 J
~%> & 56 ' hLg L. :d 5&J j? %-6_ o% 8 km^ 38 d6 ' % A
+ j? &6 ' %-6_ o% 8 ~J L-I Y" I: %-6_ we8 j? &'% #A ~ j?
hS −26−6g 4! h −26−6g 4! ,% " ~%6 Hb6 ' hpg
k%,!_ o% 8 −2 6%L. −1

o% 8 −4 hi Jg B#I8 −3
−5
. −26−6
Y −26−6
!- / \ RX+ eNf
!- / \ RX+ eNf
225
‫• ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﳐﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪:‬‬
‫ ‪h27−6g 4! :567 8 9: 2 3 ?4‬‬ ‫‪1 5 ' & 9 A <Q B eNf −‬‬
‫‪%-6_ % "8 / −3‬‬ ‫‪)( )L- w8 # & / −1‬‬
‫‪aV %-6_ / −4‬‬ ‫‪i % "8 / −2‬‬
‫ ‪27−6‬‬
‫‪/01 2 3 ?4 5 ' & 9 A <Q B eNf‬‬
‫ ‪h28−6g 4! :@AB C 9: ?4‬‬ ‫‪< 5 ' & 9 A <Q B eNf −‬‬
‫ ‪28−6‬‬
‫‪@AB C 9: ?4 5 ' & 9 A <Q B eNf‬‬
‫‪226‬‬
‫ﺝ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺍﳋﻠﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫‪K% " O "] D%(E 8 F%GI @%>B4 K ;L h29−6g 4! c.6‬‬
‫‪k%,!_ o% 8 −3‬‬ ‫‪hi g B#I −2‬‬ ‫‪ −1‬‬

‫‪ o% 8 −6‬‬ ‫‪=< −5‬‬ ‫‪6%L. −4‬‬
‫ ‪29−6‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪1 501[ & 9 A <Q B eNf‬‬
‫ﺩ( ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﺴﺢ ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‪:‬‬

‫!‪K% " 8%8N >%# 8 F%GI @%>B4 K ;L c.6 h30−6g 4‬‬
‫‪6%L. −3‬‬ ‫‪hi g B#I −2‬‬ ‫‪ −1‬‬

‫‪ o% 8 −5‬‬ ‫‪=< −4‬‬
‫ ‪30−6‬‬
‫‬ ‫‪1 ' \ < K 9 A <Q B eNf‬‬
‫‪227‬‬
ZxbuÛa@|ß@òàÄãc@ñ‹íbÈß@ 6-1-4
~4 M%I &'% j? D%(E / ' 38 J% 6x :%&'% K6%,5> #-6
:‫ﺃ( ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺃﺫﺭﻉ ﺍﳌﺎﺳﺤﺎﺕ‬
%&'% K6%,8 ,h31−6g 42 cA.6
38 %J% ~4 Z K% " (E 8%8N
:6 + %&'% j? D%(E '
n8 35 ÷ n825 = a
31−6
n8 65 ÷ n830 = b
+i& ' -L >
8%8N &A'% KA6%,8 ,h32−6g 42A cA.6

j? D%(E ' 38 a J% ~4 Z ,KA
38 %J% UVW H"t Ab ,hnA8 55g &A'%
%AA % AA 8 )AAZ AA^ j? K% AA'
32−6 ,C%#

i0 ' -L >
A "] &AA'% KAA6%,8 ,h33−6g 42AA cAA.6

j? D%(E / 38 J% ~A4 AZ ,KA
n830 &'%
33−6
i0 01[ -L >
228
K "] &'% ,h34−6g 42 c.6
34−6
i0 01[ -L >
AAA "] &AAA'% ,h35−6g 42AAA cAAA.6 +AAA

(E
&'% y .X hNut) 8% YA > KA6%, nA
$ we &'% Y A,> w A VA [A:
8%# 2 n 38 K& J% )Z %%48
35−6 6( 38

+i& 01[ -L
229
:‫ﺏ( ﻣﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﳏﺮﻙ ﺍﳌﺴﺢ‬

K%:? )* C% #" &'% YJ IA:
A &> AA N wAAe j? N AA&
M% /? I: c,8 we j? A& A,6
5 ' & !- /M RX+ −. &'%

hE − KI'g KA6%,8 LA'> YA nA6
K6%, 6i H"t -C ~%A48
% 8 )Z ^ j? K% ' 38
hS , −36−6g 4! ,,C%#
501[ & !- /M RX+ −Y
36−6
!" >
230
ZpaŠbîÛa@xbuŒ@|(bß@ÞbİÇc@ 7-1-4
%, p/ %%.' k%L:N nW c.6 h1−6g k(
1−6 2+B
& L 2 N.
Pj > SO PPN>
&'% k.' - AAAA/%L &AAAA'% AAAA! AAAA -
AAAA& %&AAAA'% 1
%B--2
D%(Eg 8 D%(E
~"6%C ,L-> &'% HGC - /%L &'% % -
hu"8
K6( &'%8 ) - %B&L' Q-2 Z% K"( Fb -
& %> nb i k.' - B#I8 i -
FE"6 %8 5: o% &J - n4& 12 o% 8 $ "^ -
pI - - pI $ )L: -
L, " & &J - $ L: - AAA& | %Z%AAA 2
@%>B4 m'N n &" ¡ : - @%>B4 m $ #J wLb - h 5, |g
N "# m - - "#AA mAA $ #AAJ dAA -

N
H" %Z $ 9.' 9 "6 &J - 9 "6 $ L: -
K6( &'%8 ) - )C Z 38 6"8 &'% - AAAZ $ AAA( AAA 3
9.' V " - &'% D%(: - $ ¢ AAAA' )CAAAA
^ )C%
FE"6 %8 5: 9 "6 &J - w L- 9 "6 $ L: -
| %&AAA'% AAA 4
"] 3: &> o% &J - o% $ L: -
wAAAe IAAA: AAA5,6
"] 3: &> & &J - L: -
wL-
"] " - @%>B4 m $ "^ -
231
ZxbuÛa@|ß@âbÄã@À@òîöbi‹èØÛa@pýî–ìnÛa@ÞbİÇc@ 8-1-4
F- OBJ , @%>B K 6 $ '%'N %C4 38 h @%>B4 m'N g @%>B4 m ,
K ME( w £ j? % > F- % + ,%0<,> %B<,.> @%>B4 K ME( ;>>
:l J G* 2 N. @k. (+

Y" $ #J wLb −
/N I: ¢ ' k%# −S
hShortg N w8 h%Ig Y" k%# −D
Y"" i%, K% −
^ Y"' w8 Y"' k%# −U
& o%.#8 8JN i%B( k+,' @%>B4 K w.> k%L:N UVW 6x H2 3456
@ $ k%L:N J, A¤ OA A @ %A & 3A8 A,6 @%>AB4 m A A&J ~?
0
%L-C| 38 %<6 & , @%>B4 K%> ¥I, ¦%-C y .X K( & Z , @%>AB4
O@%>B4 % " F: ).6 %R ,M%t| Q-2
w8 6 Y" 56 ,ULb 6x Y" kA/ % Ab nA6 mA'N AZ k.A' j? A(% IA:
m'N :5l w8 ;>6 ,%&'%%> n4& 12 o% 8 j? & j? " m'N :5l
ki%: ;6> kE,6 F%&" F='%>
232
Zòîäè¾a@òßýÛaë@åßþa@‡ÇaìÓ@ 9-1-4
IB 8m
>m8 −
)6 M%I 5, S FE −S
5, M%I K KM%e_ ,K 6B ( K§ −D
0 %,I8
n"G ~%4 $ @%>B k+: ¨> F% - %%> 0 wI56 −
0 i%B VW #J )* O@%>B i%B( C%
# 3: %8% om _ −U
Q6 %©? % n ,K%.8 % wLb )z J O@%>B ).' N Q6Z #Z ? −
G yC% +B8 w. _ L'> @%> B K@ $ & ME(N F: −i
5, M%I K
ª ME(N KL^ 38 Z −o
0 D%(E ~% ? %&'% 12 | −¦
D%(E r^ j? Y «6 -J ,%J%(
%&'% F%GC 5: L,6 ~ VW ~¨! 35J ,¬"X%> K48 yC% ? %&'% 12 | −
%B,b8 j? %%:? )6 ,> 5, H GI −
233
NñŠbîÛa@À@bçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïßbßþa@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa

;L= )Z K% $ O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 6 −1
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 126 −2
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K T −3

)6 K% ' −1
hK% g O8%8N D%(E '%8 K@ ;L −2

V AA I AA8im AA.6 m BAA EAAB( -1
365
,h)% )L-g 6%L. >% #AJ -2
h37−6g 4!
37−6
& h2C%4g @%>B4 m A -3

h38−6g 4! ,O8%8N D%(E 8
38−6
234
h39−6g 4! ,6%L. >% -4
39−6
12AA ,AAe [AA: k%,AA!_ o%AA 8 wAAe -5

h40−6g 4! ,hON)
40−6
:d ,e [: D%(E &'%8 o% 8 we -6

,%&AA'% AAZ ®AAZ| hLow) AA L.
h41−6g 4!
41−6
235
:d ,e [: D%(E &'%8 o% 8 we -7

,%&AA'% AAZ ®AAZ| hHigh) A %,
h42−6g 4!
42−6
,AAe [AA: D%(EAA &AA'%8 o%AA 8 wAAe -8

,%&AA'% HAAb ®AAZ| hOff) %AA-6_
h43−6g 4!
43−6
%AA-6? ,AAe [AA: k%,AA!_ o%AA 8 wAAe -9

h44−6g 4! ,hOFF)
44−6
236
NÝàÈÛa@òÛëb @óÜÇ@bçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïßbßþa@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZïãbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

;L= )Z O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 6 −1
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 126 −2
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K T −3

hi Jg B#I8 −5 O8%8N D%(E '%8 K@ ;L −1
D%(E 8 o% 8 −6 k%,!_ o% 8 −2
@%>B m' −7 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −3
O@%>B K: pI −8 O8%8N D%(E 8 −4

V AA I AA8im AA.6 m BAA EAAB( -1
365
&'% o% 8 c> @%>AB4 " A A -2
h45−6g 4! ,;L= )Z
o%AA 8 cAA> @%>AAB4 m AA AA -3
)Z 6%L.A" )(A )AL- k%,A!_
h45−6g 4! ,;L=
B#I j? k%,!_ o% 8 38 Y"' -4
j? B#I5" A^ AL 3A8 Y"A' A -5
45−6
hBg / o% 8
237
B#I ) -6
6%L. >% -7
hONg we [: k%,!_ o% 8 we -8
& Z ®Z| ,hLOWg L. :d we [: &'% o% we -9
& Z ®Z| ,hHI g %, :d we [: &'% o% 8 we -10
& Hb ®Z| ,hOFFg %-6_ we [: &'% o% 8 we -11
hOFFg %-6_ we [: k%,!_ o% 8 we -12
6%L. >% #J -13
5, ~%48 HGC %BI%8 j? N : -14
238
NbçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïÐÜ©a@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZsÛbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

;L= )Z 5, %/ [: O "] D%(E '%8 K 6 −1
O "] D%(E '%8 K 126 −2
O "] D%(E '%8 K T −3

hi Jg B#I8 −5 O "] D%(E '%8 K@ ;L −1
@%>B m' −6 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −2
O@%>B K: pI −7 O "] D%(E 8 −3
k%,!? o% 8 −8 D%(E 8 o% 8 −4

V I 8im .6 m B EB( −1
365
o%AA 8 cAA> @%>AAB4 " A A −2
,;L= )Z A &A'%
h46−6g 4!
o% 8 c> @%>B4 m A A −3
6%L.AA" )(AA )AAL- k%,AA!_
h46−6g 4! ,;L= )Z
j? k%,AA!_ o%AA 8 3AA8 Y"AA' AA −4
46−6
B#I
239
hBg / o% 8 j? B#I5" ^ L 38 Y"' −5

B#I ) −6
6%L. >% −7
hONg 12 we [: k%,!_ o% 8 we −8
&'% Z ®Z| hONg 12 we [: &'% o% 8 we −9
&'% Hb ®Z| hOFFg %-6_ we [: &'% o% 8 we −10
hOFFg %-6_ we [: k%,!_ o% 8 we −11
6%L. >% #J −12
5, ~%48 HGC %BI%8 j? N : −13
240
NbçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@òîßbßþa@|îib—¾a@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZÉiaŠÛa@åíŠànÛa

;L= )Z 5, %/ [: 8%8N >%# '%8 K 6 −1
8%8N >%# '%8 K 126 −2
8%8N >%# '%8 K T −3

8%8N >%# 8 o% 8 −4 8%8N >%# '%8 K@ ;L −1
@%>B m' −5 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −2
O@%>B K: pI −6 8%8N >%# 8 −3

365 V I 8im .6 m B EB( −1
o%A cA> @%>AB4 m A A −2
h47−6g 4! ,;L= )Z
hBg / o% c> @%>AB4 " A A −3
h47−6g 4! ,;L= )Z B#I
B#I ) −4
)Lb j? B#I5" ^ L 38 Y"A' A −5
h47−6g 4! ,;L= )Z )( 6%L.
,hONg 12 we [: &A'% o%A 8 wAe −6
& Z ®Z|
,hOFFg %-6_ we [: &'% o%A 8 wAe −7
& Hb ®Z|
47−6
6%L. >% #J −8
5, ~%48 HGC %BI%8 j? N : −9
241
NñŠbîÛa@xbuŒ@|(bß@âbÄã@òãbî– Zßbä@åíŠànÛa

D%(E 8 F%GC Y 6 −1
O8%8N D%(E 8 T −2
D%(E 8 & 6 −3
% ME(N k.6 −4
D%(E 8 F%GC )6 −5

n:%C K I p −5 )6 K% ' −1
n&! −6 O4 C%4 8 K: pI −2
C 8- −7 8J i%B( −3
> −8 F%GI % q wLb −4

: ( & %&. oa :nm+.
V AA I AA8im AA.6 m BAA EAAB( −1
365
,6%L. h)% )AL-g A>% YAJ −2
h48−6g 4!
48−6
242
nz> &'% ;> O 8%#A YAJ −3

%/ [: )'%I8 ~%A48 $ %B,Ae K% A
h49−6g 4! , 5,
49−6
, AA5, AA%/ [AA: %B,AAe VAA wAAJ −4

h50−6g 4!
50−6
, w8 "# mA'N "A YAJ −5

h51−6g 4!
51−6
nz> & K:%b ;> O 8# YJ −6

%/ [: )A'%I8 ~%A48 $ %B,Ae K% A
h52−6g 4! , 5,
52−6
243
%/ [: 9,e 9C%48 38 &'% wJ −7

h54 ,53−6g 4! , 5,
53−6
54−6
L. :d [: A A ~ TA^ −8

e8 AW +A ,A6%L> F=A'%> A%,
nb , 6 ¯ J h55−6g 42A%>
ME( Y >
55−6
: !" %&. oa :n p
%B,AAe AA& y AA.X 8%AA YAAJ −1
, AAA5, AAA%/ [AAA: )AAA'%I8 ~%AAA48 $
h56−6g 4!
56−6
244
, 5, %/ [: %B,Ae A& YAJ −2

h57−6g 4!
57−6
,KAAA:%-%> AAA& y AAA.X f8%AAA8 YAAAJ −3

h58−6g 4!
58−6
,&AAAA'% AAAA 3AAAA: KAAAA:%- YAAAAJ −4

h59−6g 4!
59−6
,AAA pIAAA y AAA.X f8%AAA8 YAAAJ −5

h60−6g 4!
60−6
245
h61−6g 4! , pI M%Lq J −6
61−6
)'%I8 ~%48 $ 9,e ,hGearg A YAJ −7

h62−6g 4! , 5, %/ [:
62−6
,&5" y>%X <A, y A.X f8%A8 YAJ −8

h63−6g 4!
63−6
,AAA&5" hStatorg y>%XAAA <AAA, YAAAJ −9

h64−6g 4!
64−6
246
hD%IAA'| <AA:g AA <AA, #AAJ −10

, C>AA4 rAA AA8%Z 3AA: Armature
h65−6g 4!
65−6
C>4 rA A8%Z y A.X f8%A8 YAJ −11

h66−6g 4! ,n%>
66−6
, 5, %/ [: C>4 r 8%Z we −12

h67−6g 4!
67−6
,> >m F=A'%> A5& {A YAJ −13

h68−6g 4!
68−6
247
: K + q-0 : n 6 p
38 hCommutatorg AZ <A: HAGC −1
,5:%C K I b F='%> pAZ| %A
h69−6g 4!
69−6
h%AAz AAZg AA % °AA HAAGC −2

F=AAA'%> AAAZ <AAA: @% AAA cAAA>
,hHacksaw Bladeg %2AAI 2AA6 AAJ%Z
h70−6g 4!
70−6
8- L'> Z 5: Lb % A-> nAb −3

9> o5 3A8 Ab ~%A AJ , AC
h71−6g 4! ,D%I'| <: k.'
71−6
h+AA& g C>AA4 rAA kAA/ AAb −4

b yC% J , C 8- F=A'%>
, C>4 r k.A' ,9A> o5A 3A8
h72−6g 4!
72−6
248
," +& b& +& k.' −5

h73−6g 4!
73−6
<: 5: [: A 8JN i%AB( A/ wAe −6

<: [: i%Bz" A^ AL D%IA'|
hk%#AAg KMAAb %IAAW yAAC% AAJ , A Z
h74−6g 4! ,D%I'| <: k.'
74−6
k%# ( 8JN i%B( F='%> TA^ −7

346 ¯ ? h Z <:g % " / c>
<: k.' ,cAL-C cA> k%#A %IAW
h75−6g 4! ,hArmatureg D%I'|
75−6
yC% ? hBearingg 5& { k.' −8

h76−6g 4! ,hM^g K@i Z %IW
76−6
249
%'N >N 38 hGearg %II HAGC −9

h77−6g 4! ,-%,
77−6
nb hfg %II $ ( ®Z| −10

h78−6g 4! ,K± I: %.'%>
78−6
%II [: hGreaseg n&2 38 -./ we −11

h79−6g 4! ,hfg
79−6
8mAAAAAA ²AAAAAA6 %AAAAAA AAAAAAb −12

h&5" O4 %8N %-6_ o%A 8 ²A6g
d %IW ~% AJ Auto stop switch
h80−6g 4! ,%.' ,M
80−6
250
5, hSteal Ballg AC, KA4 A&J −13

IAA: %.AA' ,D%IAA'| <AA: hShaftg
h81−6g 4! ,K±
81−6
:!- %&. S T# :n ><

nAA%> C>AA4 rAA AA8%Z )AA −1
h82−6g 4! hCarbon Brush Holderg
82−6
h83−6g 4! , 5& { ) −2
83−6
D%I'| <: A5, AC, KA4 )A −3

h84−6g 4! ,n &2 w8 6%I,>
84−6
251
,nAAAA $ D%IAAAA'| <AAAA: )AAAA −4

h85−6g 4!
85−6
D%I'| <: A5, AC, KA4 )A −5

h86−6g 4! ,n &2 w8 6%I,>
86−6
,hStatorg y>%XAAAAAA <AAAAAA, )AAAAAA −6

h87−6g 4!
87−6
,y>%XAAA <AAA, y AAA.X f8%AAA8 )AAA −7

h88−6g 4!
88−6
252
,F%4Z> y>%X <A," y A.X f8%A8 A! −8

h89−6g 4!
89−6
h91 ,90−6g 4! ,n &2 w8 hfg %II ) −9
91−6 90−6
[: O4 %8N %A-6_ o%A 8 ²A6 wAe −10

h92−6g 4! ,%-6_ we
92−6
253
f8%8 A! A pIA M%ALq )A −11

h93−6g 4! ,y .X
93−6
,y .X f8%A8 A! A& KA:%b )A −12

h94−6g 4!
94−6
y AA.X 8%AA AA! AA& )AA −13

h95−6g 4! ,F%4Z>
95−6
: W -L !" S T# :n r

AA! K% AA nAA( $ &AA'% AA wAAe −1
h96−6g 4! ,F%4Z> y .X 8
96−6
254
AA AA& @%>AAB4 " AA AA −2

h97−6g 4! ,h2I4g
% AA 8 )AAZ AA AA AA6%: −3
,C%#
97−6
,y A.X 8%A AA! &A'% )A −4

h98−6g 4!
% 8 )Z &A'% A6%: −5

,C%#
98−6
: -L + H 4' q-a :n Li L
, /%L &'% A&J A wAJ −1
%.'%J --28 @B8 %> yC% AJ
h99−6g 4! ,K6( ^¨>
M %IW ~%A AJ &A'% A&J −2
99−6 V k.'
¨ A m#A 8 A&J −3
%B5&! K ( %&> % 38
%BIAA%8 j? A, A: A5, wAb8 HAGC −4
5 "'
255
NxbuÛa@|ß@ñŠa†@BbnÐß@òãbî– Z…bÛa@åíŠànÛa

D%(E '%8 o% 8 Y 6 −1
D%(E '%8 o% 8 & 6 −2
H" %Z $ D%(E 8 K o% 8 k.6 −3
D%(E '%8 o% 8 )6 −4

D%(E '%8 o% 8 −3 )6 K% ' −1
% q wLb −4 8J i%B( −2

365 V I 8im .6 m B EB(
: & -L V *0 oa :nm+.
h100−6g 4! ,6%L. >% #J −1
100−6
$ 9,AAe ,OAA@%>B4 9.AAI hig M%AALq YAAJ −2

h101−6g 4! ,)'%I8 ~%48
101−6
256
9.AAAI EAAA @%>AAAB4 m AAA YAAAJ −3

h102−6g 4! ,O@%>B4
102−6
%B,e K% - "z: y.X O 8%# YAJ −4

h103−6g 4! ,)'%I8 ~%48 $
103−6
,[:N j? K% - A"z: Y6A6 OA"4> wAJ −5

h104−6g 4!
104−6
257
h105−6g 4! ,K% - "z: EC −6
105−6
", A M%AL1 y A.X f8%A8 YAJ −7

,)AA'%I YAA F=AA'%> K% AA- AA"z,
h106−6g 4!
106−6
h107−6g 4! , M%L1 YJ −8
107−6
258
h108−6g 4! ,", M%L1 YJ −9
108−6
@%>AAB4 hm AA g mAA'N #AAJ −10

h109−6g 4! ,o% %> %]
109−6
$ nB,e &'% o% 8 y .X f8%A8 YAJ −11

, AAA5, AAA%/ [AAA: )AAA'%I8 ~%AAA48
h110−6g 4!
110−6
AA%/ [AA: 9,AAe &AA'% o%AA 8 )&AA' −12

h111−6g 4! , 5,
111−6
259
: & i V *0 q-a :n p

%'N >N 38 &'% o% 8 HGC −1
³ ´ A( ®AZ| −2
m $ Q-2A wALb
h112−6g 4! ,o% 5" @%>B4
L- C 9 6( ^> L- Y" fAq −3
kL
112−6
~% ? m'N c> h) 32 "!g ki%: we −4
nBI > + %IW
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h1g L hBg hL-Ig L c> k%#
113−6
¯ J L. :d [: o% 12A IA:
6( ^> &'% o% 8 fq
µ ,k%#A (A6
h113−6g 4! ,% C 9
AA( AA 8JN i%AAB( F=AA'%> AA&J −6
IAA: h2g AAL hBg AAL cAA> k%#AA
(6 ¯ J %, :d [: o% 12
C 9 6( ^> &'% o% 8 fq
µ ,k%#
h113−6g 4! ,%
AA( AA 8JN i%AAB( F=AA'%> AA&J −7
IAA: hSg AAL h1g AAL cAA> k%#AA
J hOFFg we [: &'% o% 8 we
6( ^> &'% o% 8 fq
µ ,k%# (6 ¯
h113−6g 4! ,% C 9
260
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, &#AA 9AAC%48 $ &AA'% o%AA 8 wAAe −1
h114−6g 4!
114−6
,F%AA4Z> AA o%AA 8 y A .X f8%AA8 AA! −2

h115−6g 4!
115−6
@%>AAAB4 hm AA g mAA'N AA −3

h116−6g 4! , o% 5> %]
116−6
h117−6g 4! ,", M%L1 ) −4
117−6
261
h118−6g 4! , M%L1 ) −5
118−6
A", M%AL1 y A.X f8%A8 A! −6

h119−6g 4! ,F%4Z>
119−6
, &#AA %AA%48 $ K% AA- AA"z: wAAe −7

h120−6g 4!
120−6
,F%AA4Z> K% A- AA"z: y A.X 8%AA AA! −8

h121−6g 4!
121−6
262
,O@%>B4 9.I E @%>B4 m'N A −9

h122−6g 4!
122−6
,OAAAA@%>B4 9.AAAAI hig M%AAAALq )AAAA −10

h123−6g 4!
123−6
h124−6g 4! ,6%L. >% −11
%BIAA%8 j? A, A: A5, wAb8 HAGC −12

5 "'
124−6
263
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ð‹ÄäÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZDüëc
:- -K 1 < #$ j T. :1D

Q6/ 3: %&'% j? % #6 &'% o% 8 pmq? I: −
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D%(E o 38 34R ME( T J%GC [: GJ%& OW \ −
38 n@ /%I1 & y>%X <, ~46 −U
: s -K 1 * < W & L Ai V *0 o0 Nr S# :2D

o% y .X f8%8 YJ h g
K% - "z: YJ h g
365 V I 8im m B EB( h g
o% )&' h g
9.I M%Lq YJ h g
6%L. >% #J h g
@%>B4 hm g m'N #J h g
:vw x a g [ O> . × J+ ,- -K O> . J RX :3D
h g K% $ '%'N %C4 38 D%(E 8 F%GC ,6 −
h g 9:d> n4& & j? 38 % #J [: &'% 12 o% 8 5,6 −S
h g K@ 6 $ '%'N %C4 38 @%>B4 m , −D
h g ;-J KZ : K% " O8%8N D%(E 8 & −
264
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Y 3 . 3
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& 6T −6
:l x a @Q @M . 125−6 W @Q y ^ Ù ?I %&j @L S*T :5D

−1
−2
−3
−4
−5
−6
−7
−8
125−6
265
ïÜàÈÛa@Šbjn‚üa@ZDbîãbq
NñŠbîÛa@À@bçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïßbßþa@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZÞëþa@‰bjn"üa

)6 K% ' −1
O8%8N D%(E 8 K ;L −2

K ;L KMb −1
M%L^ ~> O8%8N D%(E '%8 K −2
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 12 −3
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K %.^ −4
266
NÝàÈÛa@òÛëb @óÜÇ@bçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïßbßþa@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZïãbrÛa@‰bjn"üa

D%(E 8 o% 8 −5 O8%8N D%(E '%8 K@ ;L −1
@%>B m' −6 hi Jg B#I8 −2
% ' O@%>B K: pI −7 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −3
k%,!? o% 8 −8 O8%8N D%(E '%8 −4

6%I,> K ;L KMb −1
M%L^ ~> ;L= )Z O8%8N D%(E '%8 K −2
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K 12 −3
O8%8N D%(E '%8 K %.^ −4
267
NbçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@ïÐÜ©a@xbuÛa@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZsÛbrÛa@‰bjn"üa

D%(E '%8 o% 8 −5 O "] D%(E '%8 K@ ;L −1
@%>B m' −6 hi Jg B#I8 −2
% ' O@%>B K: pI −7 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −3
k%,!? o% 8 −8 O "] D%(E '%8 −4

6%I,> K ;L KMb −1
M%L^ ~> ;L= )Z O "] D%(E '%8 K −2
O "] D%(E '%8 K 12 −3
O "] D%(E '%8 K %.^ −4
268
NbçŠbjn‚aë@bèÜîÌ“më@òîßbßþa@|îib—¾a@|(bß@ñŠa†@Ýî–ìm ZÉiaŠÛa@‰bjn"üa

@%>B m' −5 8%8N >%# '%8 K@ ;L −1
% ' O@%>B K: pI −6 hK% ' 6%L>g B( #8 −2
hi Jg B#I8 −7 8%8N >%# '%8 −3
D%(E '%8 o% 8 −4

6%I,> K ;L KMb −1
M%L^ ~> ;L= )Z 8%8N >%# '%8 K −2
8%8N >%# '%8 K 12 −3
8%8N >%# '%8 K %.^ −4
269
NñŠbîÛa@xbuŒ@|(bß@âbÄã@òãbî– Zßbä@‰bjn"üa

n:%C K I p −5 )6 K% ' −1
% ' O@%>B K: pI −6 F%GC % q wLb −2
H GI p^
´ n&! −7 8J i%B( −3
> −8 C 8- −4

D%(E '%8 F%GC YJ −1
D%(E '%8 %.^ −2
D%(E '%8 &J −3
% ME(N k.' −4
D%(E '%8 F%GC ) −5
270
NxbuÛa@|ß@ñŠa†@BbnÐß@òãbî– Z…bÛa@‰bjn"üa

)6 K% ' −1
8J i%B( −2
D%(E '%8 o% 8 −3
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D%(E '%8 o% 8 YJ −1
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H" %Z $ D%(E '%8 K o% 8 k.' −3
D%(E '%8 o% 8 ) −4
271
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272
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9.I 5, )%%> O@%>B4 % ;^ k+> F-6 V :e~ = −D
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273
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h6g V [: %B6% « hcC, -8 m^|g h5g (EA - bA A- ).A6 %AR h4g
E 6T U% 6%, K ( I: (H) 3^%' U%¤ $ c5 AB( h7g «A A&6 VA
(E C, - b V^¨ h4g H" $ % % K! -J & KZ " H#C K% 8%-8
(C) %> U%¤ $ % B( h7g « &6 Y I: 42%> e { we
298
:‫• ﻣﺼﺒﺎﺡ ﲢﺬﻳﺮ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﱪﻳﺪ‬

%8? 5, K ( %IA .8 ~AJ .Ab 3A8 %IA' +A
KZ y.X ¸ /%I18B4 H" ·, Di| 6AGI>
6T M%A8 [A: A& °A $ hIA %g %C% A. k%A'?
% K! E NTC C 38 8%-8 3: K%.: OW A&%>
154−6 ~, O@%I OI&I6 K ( % w8 ? ,.5" M%< AZ
h154−6g 4! ,6V& o%.#8 K@ k%# n
@Zæa©a@À@†ìÓìÛa@Ša‡Ôß@pbäîjß@ 7-3-4
c. k%, O "8 ¸ /%I1 c. ,b %I .8 AC 3A8 ~% A @ ~%:AC (A6
k+,'| w@%2 W kN I
:‫• ﻣﺒﲔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺫﻭ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﲔ‬
k%,!| o% 8 km^ 38 6%L.%> c. KZ 9 J h155−6g 42 $ +A )A6 AW
$ n4&6 h6g 8%-8 38 ~E] KZ ~4 A^N AB 3A8 h6g ~EA] KAZ A8%-8 wA8 h2g
VW Q6/ 3: N 9%# B4 % 546 h8g 8, ,J 6% [A: y.AX8 h7g %WA-8
I: 6%L. 38 %}% ~56 hS ,g c /%I18 c "8 [: c. KZ Ax , 42A%> +A VA
K@ $ "^ h6g 8%- -8 [: hg H" $ %A % A HbA6 ,h2g k%,A!_ o%A 8 A
h155−6g 4! ,~E] KZ> >B4
6%L. −1
k%,!_ o% 8 −2
«8 −3
¬I −4
B4 % −5
8%-8 −6
i%> h6g 8%- w8 #6 H"8 − + −7
%> h6g 8%- w8 #6 H"8 −S 8, −8

8, −9
155−6
299
:‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺒﲔ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ ﺫﻱ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﲔ‬

0
U%¤ ~46 hb 38 © [: v %8I: %q%J 0
~E] f.,g Q"L6 %q%J ~E] ~%A ? −
, ' j? ;. 8, ~J °%J ~E] ~N , 42 $ cA.8 AW +A AB4 % A fA'
,¹N &C h7g + V> 56 hSg H" % A i%A* hSg HA" KA@ 3A8 h6g A8%-
0 Kf1 hg H"%> O % K! ~A4 ¹N%A> cA " k%#A|
+I > %%}? 3456 ( (
SV( [: hSg H"5" ¸ /%I1 k%z -6 5G: 6% j? hSg H" $ % % K! #A
(E) °%J B( % &C h3g « h4g ¬I
h6g 8%- E h156−6g 42 $ + [A:N 8A, w A Ab%> ~EA] ¢A"56 %8IA: −S
% 5 b <J j? # Z h7g + Q6/ 3: %0 *
6%L. −1
k%,!_ o% 8 −2
c.5" ;1< nGI8 −3
−4
«8 −5
Z H"8 −6
c " cC,8 38 - b −7
8%-8 −8
% −9
8, ,J −10
156−6
8, −11
|01 ?4 iM B |O X ~E] −12
:(ABS) ‫• ﺿﻮﺀ ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ ﲢﺬﻳﺮ‬

K: ,> (ON) we [: 12 o% 8 6 %8I: M< VAW ABG6 (
? M< VW ¢ LI6 ~
w. O ME(N $ %8 ~%48 $ L: ( [: k6 VW ~J cA % c,Ae 3A8 $ uAZ
VC_ Mº6 F%GI
M%<8
0 -.6 Um: 8 W + 42 $ W + M< BG6 | (
K% - M%I M< BG6 (
300
8AA ¡>%AA4 %.AAZ wIAA8 i%AAB( AAL, AA AAZ

K#> 5,6 G6 A' >%A4 i%AB( ~AJ h157−6g 4A!
VC? Meg M%0<8 (ABS) VC? Me ~46 %8I: 34 6%:
0 LI8 8A i%AB(
5: :%A6 | 8A %.A&C ~AJ h%A
157−6
O@%z b km^ mz, - ~ 3456 &> 8A
(ABS) I I^ %X |O K% &J )* -i p/ L' [: b
ZH"ABS"@‹í‰¥@õìš@ÉßI@Ýßa‹ÐÛa@O|ibØ¾a@‘bjnya@Éäß@Œbèu@òÐîÃë@ 8-3-4
O@%z Hb M%I %0 @%-" mAz, k%A b? wIA n5#A8 8A ¡>%A4 %.AZ i%AB( ~?
UVW yx . 5: 9 ( OW%¤| -'| c8¨ $ :%6 VAW ,A-i Q6A/ LA' [A: HbA
G
158−6
< D O* R9 Q |O
0 %
Z 38 X . : i ~4 ~ ,> 5," % 8 ¡>%4 %.Z wI8 i%B( .#A6
:%'¡n 5 Z . : s =I6 %8I: 5, 3: Hb6 W :%'¡n 10
. 12 ,> 0|%Z & 12 I: ~ K, & K#-8 $ %
0 w5 b
( [: k6 | ,aV & we $ W 8 ¡>%A4 %.AZ wIA8 i%AB( ~ OAI,6 VAW
L:
301
:(ABS - Brake Pedal) ‫• ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﻭﺍﺳﺔ‬

w5 s.I 8 '> %Z_ YI456 8 ¡>%4 %.AZ wIA8 i%AB( A5: M%IA
0 zAe
j? 8 ' [: ;1e −Y%# 5,6 8 %.Z wI8 i%B( ,− % UVAW $ %z
J%8 ,* 8 ' e ~J ,: %Z $ 8 ' 8 < | ,AX K2A> A'N
k/ Hb
159−6
:(SRS) ‫• ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺋﻲ‬

@ K#> ~46 (SRS) @ % N F%GC ~?
:h160−6g 42 $ &e % ¶%I, 38
h I K O@ 4g O@ 4 F%GC −1
(SRS) O@ 4 VC? Me −2
O8%8N O@ 4" % i%B −3
160−6
O@ 4 %'% ¸ @ i%B −4
As D T' { 9 |O
O@ 4" ¸Z i%B( Ob ¸Z i%B( 38 O@ 4" :5z ~4
302
12> F%GI VW F-6 ,:d ¹% =C KEB(N ®&" 6! OA8%8 F%#A uAZ A%Z $
F%' fq i%1> O@ 4 M 8 j? w6 42> J%I $ + :% «6 nA OA@ A4 J%AC
Q@%" 8%8N ;.e [: 5,"
h161−6g 42 $ e O@ 4 I6 %8IA:
0
~%ÂA sAA,> QAA"L6 m5AA 0 zAAe #AA6 9AACJ
%z
%e fq F%' fq i%q w8 )'
| YV C%X 38 ME( $ uv O@ 4 % AC ~?
F%GI VW ~ w8 "@%W K-> O@ A4 AI6 ~ A>
0
%<6 ).6 Ab 9ACJ KfAL] %>%A _ A"- n5#A8
161−6
0
F %=" %bZ
5As C 0* |O
0
9C? %I^%' ~46 3 9 C O@ 0
4 ~ |? Q@%b K, %I^%A' ~A46 Ab mAz, A-8 s.A-8 ~?
;-J KZ K8 I6 O4 n5#8
:(SRS) ‫• ﻣﺆﺷﺮ ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻴﺲ ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺋﻲ‬

(ACC) ,e j? & 12 o% 8 6 %8I: h162−6g 42 $ e « VAW ABG6
& & K#> 5,6 (SRS) O@ 4 ~ OI,6 VW · h6g Z ,> « ¢ LI6 (ON)
O8%8N M 4 ¸ i%B O@ .45" :5z )b6 VAW VAC_ MAe F%AGC ~?
@%>B4 %# "^ k%#| m' VC_ I K
162−6
5As C I^ |O
303
@Zïmì—Ûa@éîjänÛa@ 9-3-4
0 .I OL,6 %^ cC 3: K%.A:
, %, :d ,~%8N FEZ ,S>N X8 c,8 M» 3: Q@%" %B
:K@ k+_ c/ J 38 > | 9C ®Zm 42 38 h163−6g 42 $ +
k%,!_ o% 8 K@ k+ :kN −
o 8 S%. :·%X −
163−6
vK y O9* Ai |O
¸ /%I18 k%l ¨2I J N j? (L) H" j? k%,!_ o% 8 38 % A ~%A--v ~%/A ~VAW
K@ J 'N (C) 8m L-C SV*
K@ $ ®Zm6 cC uv + %L-C # k%z ¦AL^ A8m AC% KA8 % A A >
+I > (D1 ) + OL-C T: % % K:% H" $ % % K%6i [: 5,6 %}Z 36A6 A(
KZ a# 9.I n5#6 b K@ wLb I: k%z ¦L^ »m : [: (D 2 ) ·%X 6 A5,6
9CJ o 8 S%. #8 k%,!_ o% 8 ~46 %8I,J 9 .I i%B( ;b| ^ n5#6 b 9AC +A ,"#A I8
K-> 0
34 9.I 5,6 ~ [: %b %0 /%I18 0|%l C48 ;bm H"8 km^ % 38 " "b A5 A
9 .I i%B(
304
@Zæbßþa@âay@10-3-4
~%8N I b K% %> ~%8N @%' 35Ae ~%A8N FEAZ A^ F1975 F%A: kmA^
Y j? H e FE ;> F: %Z $ Mº ~% > . %IW ~46 ~ OW , %^ % 5> 9> A5,
~%8N 8EZ s>%-8 5, ~%8N 8EZ s>%-8 n 5# $ f1 Y )"L Y 9>%! %8 a 9 .I
" ,-8 % 8 K! $ n4&" ¸ /%I18B H"8 ;bm m U%.! 38 " nGI>
0 £ ;> %8I: 8EZN K@ ~4 8%8N :%- [:
F,> %B J/ c> B pJ $ 6%8 %,
.AA5" MºAA cCAA w5AAJ F+#AA ;AAbm 5, AAJ %B JAA/ cAA> AAB pAAJ H"AA 8EAAZN
h164−6g 42 $ +
164−6
) ' &7 5A= I-* Ai |O
K@ H"8 $ % % E6 %8I,J cC" K@ C ^ 5, %BJ%e? 3A456 AI8i KA@ %IAW
.5" ¨ L cC H-6 K@ wL-IJ %B "8 346 I8E
305
ZHæìÜjİÛaI@ñŠbîÛa@pbãbîi@òyìÛ@ÞbİÇc@11-3-4
h~".Lg K% %C% > Z k%L: e6 h4−6g k(
4−6 2+B
vK yO9 2 N.
J> SO N>
9.' i &J ( Z"%> %] 6+ i J H" ( o%.#8 KM%e? FA: 1
%.' >%# &J ( >%# H" ( $ 6V& >%#8 3A8

m &J ( mAAA' $ %AAAL-C #AAAJ ( F='| M%I ZA"
m>%AAAAA4 P H AAAAAGI ( 12
%2I4 ¦%AA-C $ I>AA AA nAA (

i k.' &J ( 6+ i J H" ( 38 «8 Z F: 2
%.' « &J ( « H"8 pZ ( ~".AAL $ «AA

m' &J ( m $ #J %L-C ( 12 M%I
8mAAAA ¦%AAAA-C H AAAAGI ( ¦%AA-C $ I>AA AA nAA (
8m
m &J ( h 8mg K@ ¥b uZ ( j? «AAA %AAA 3
AA& $ ZAA AA&J ( h94g & KZ H" ( IAAA: ¼AAAbN AAA
%.' 12
hL.]g Y"' &J ( hL.]g Y"' %L-C ( «AA8 AAZ FAA: 4
« $ L.] y .8 &J ( « $ L.] y .8 H" ( 4 C%4 :d

/ 38 ¨ ( /N Z $ #J (
306
NHæìÜjİÛaI@ñŠbîÛa@pbãbîi@òyìÛ@pýî–ìm@˜zÏ ZÞëþa@åíŠànÛa

KEB(N F='%> h~".Lg K% Z %C% > & 6 −1
KEB(N F='%> h~".Lg K% Z «8 & 6 −2
h~".Lg K% Z «8 %C% > m & 6 −3

% ' O@%>B K: pI −1
(AVO) 8J % b &J i%B( −2
)6" 5, K% ' −3

k¨> 0| L] " )* m O@%>B4 @ & > F% - I: A,8 AW +A
0 365 VW $ m 8m' L, H24 &e z C [: k# nA6 A&>
)* mX8
:a %.
OW jN KAL] Ae6 h165−6g 42A -1
F='%> Y ,¸ @ A6+ i AJ A&J
L i%AB A/ wAe A 8N i%AB(
L 6+ i J ^8 Y"' L-C $ kN
YV> 6+ i J D Y"' A/ $ ·%XA
i Zm 38 ¨ n6
165−6
307
o%AAA 8 AAA&J AAAe6 h166−6g 42AAA -2

OAA@%>B4 % A kAA AZ 3AA8 k%,AA!_
we6 5 i%B( F='%> Y o% 5"
o% )%A' Y"A' $ )%A i%AB A/
o% 5" )(A Y"A $ )(A AL
% k J,8 n6 i%B !%! km^ 38
166−6
98:
c.8 >%#8 &J e6 h167−6g 42A -3
,> 5 i%B( F='%> YA ,3&2A
we (ON) we [: k%,!_ o% 8 AJ
$ )% o%.# / [A: i%AB A/
!%! km^ 38 )( $ )( )%A
167−6 c.5" Zm# z C J,8 n6 i%B

c.8 >%#8 &J e6 h168−6g 42A -4
YAA k%1AA! AA& 3&2AA M%IAA 3&2AA
o%AA 8 AAJ AA,> AA 8N i%AAB( F=AA'%>
AA/ wAAe (ON) wAAe [AA: k%,AA!_
%B"#J ,> o%.# m' A/ [A: i%AB
168−6 o% Zm x i%B !%! km^ 38

c.8 &J A"5: Ae6 h169−6g 42A -5
8N i%B( F='%> Y Ab A8
«AA AA/ $ kN i%AAB AA/ wAAe6
«AA AA/ $ ·%XAA AAL hkAA^g
, n6 i%B !%! km^ 3A8 hDA^g
169−6 « Zm z C [:
308
«AA AA&J AAe6 h170−6g 42AA -6

K% 12 M%I ~".L j? GI%> %IA .
%B.I « Zm M J,8
170−6
% k &J e6 h171−6g 42A -7

YAA 12AA M%IAA AAb AA8 cAA.
B 5 b J,8 A 5 i%AB( F=A'%>
i%B !%! km^ 38 «5"
171−6
% k &J e6 h172−6g 42A -8

Y 12 M%I K ( A8 cA.
B 5 b J,8 5 i%B( F='%>
172−6
m' &J e6 h173−6g 42 -9

o%AA 8 wAe IA: YAA y6EA ;1Ae cA.8
AA& nAA6 (ON) wAAe [AA: k%,AA!_
!%! km^ 3A8 A 5 i%AB( F=A'%>
;1e c.8 o%.#8 Zm JA,8 nA6 i%AB
173−6 y6E
309
%I . &J "5: e6 h174−6g 42 -10

8AA ,KM%AAe_ , 8AA XAA8 AA^N
YAA % AA kAA AAZ 3AA8 6 AA
!%! km^ 3A8 A 5 i%AB( F=A'%>
« j? % ( J,8 nA6 i%AB
@<
174−6
3AA8 ÄA A "5: AAe6 h175−6g 42AA -11

Y & ,> %I . « Zm
12 ,> ~".L j? GI km^ 38
175−6
310
NHæìÜjİÛaI@ñŠbîÛa@pbãbîi@òyìÛ@‹öaë†@À@ÑÛbnÛa@Þa‡jn(a ZïãbrÛa@åíŠànÛa

KEB(N F='%> K% %C% > Z @ & 6 −1
K% %C% > Z @ $ L, v −2
K% %C% > Z @ $ H% k.6 −3

% ' O@%>B K: pI −1
(AVO) 8J % b &J i%B( −2
)6" 5, K% ' −3
.‫• ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﳋﺎﻡ‬

" %'%Z −

F: H% ME 38 ¨ ,b> K@ &J )* @%>B K@ $ H% MEA( k.A' IA:
K@ $ L-C H,e 9CN 6+ i J W @%>B4 K@ $ 9#&J )A* %A8 k %0 A@% 9 ZmA
:% w.C k%X VW $ K@ ¥b 8m uZ I: H"" ¹,6 38 k
311
i J 38 :5l Ae6 h176−6g 42A -1

B# %Am^ 3A8 ®AZmC "A= A6+
:c-6L> %B#&J n6 %# %
$ AAW +AA Zm#AA JAA,8 AAGI LAA'> -
42
%.^| . 8N & KEB( LA'> -
12 I:
B#AA i A k.AA' )AA* H"AA IA:
9% 8 9b I>
176−6
8 c.8 &J Ae6 h177−6g 42A -2

AA 8N i%AAB( F=AA'%> ZAA" $ KAA
/ OL-C [: i%B / wAe> YA
$ 9 Zm J,8 «5" mA'
% KL] j? -I « 8m' %Z
177−6
& KZ &J e6 h178−6g 42A -3

i%B( F='%> h94 K ( %AZg
[: kN L i%B / w< A 8N
[: ·%XA AL A& nA( $ )%A
z I KMb h94g %&" Y"'
n Zm# JA, i%AB A!%! kmA^ 3A8
178−6
% KL] j? k%-C|
312
%AA AA&J AAe6 h179−6g 42AA -4

h 8mg K@ ¥Ab A( 3A8 Ä" A4
%AA 3AA8 AA Y"AA' EAAI> YAA
i%B / we6 8N i%AB( F=A'%>
L % $ AL-C [A: kN
z I - %IW )%' & n( $ ·%XA
179−6
%IW ~% ? i%B A!%! kmA^ 3A8
9.' )* %0 % hK g % , J
% I>
%AA AA&J AAe6 h180−6g 42AA -5
3AA8 9AAC? A Z Zm#AA A Z 3AA8 AA6
9. ¥I, 8m' 38 ¨ ±A
8N i%B( F='%> Y
180−6
313
KAAb 3AA8 ÄA AAe6 h181−6g 42AA -6

[: ) .b A6 %A % A 8
nAA( [AA: (AA % A UVAAW AA&
n6 & % - i%B( F='%> %
Y J,8
181−6
8 c.8 &J Ae6 h182−6g 42A -7

3AA8 IAA VAAW $ ,o%.#AA8 y6EAA ;1AAe
h~".Lg ~% . Z $ o%.#8 (6 %IA .
8N i%B( F=A'%> o%.#A A&J nA6
¦%-C / [: i%B A/ wAe> YA
9 Zm J,8 Z" $ o%.#5"
182−6
y6E KZ &J Ae6 h183−6g 42A -8

n6 "5, UVW $ h94 y6E ;1e %Zg
L] I> y6E A %AZ k.A'
K ( %Z k.' $ %W n OA
0
%.%q K% $ y6E ;1e %Z $ 4
%'% H" uv %8
183−6
314
8mAA' 3AA8 ÄA AAe6 h184−6g 42AA -9

K- Z 38 Y ,y6EA ;1Ae %AZ
% - i%B( F='%> Y n6 % A
& [: 9. .b &
184−6
«AA AA5: AAe6 h185−6g 42AA -10

L] UV H% k.A' A,> %IA .
%C% . Z $ c.8 «8 k.' nA6
% [A: EA AW YA $ %A8 nAW
%B"5: 38 Ä k.A'| IA: A&
Y e6 k%L:N k(
185−6
315
@áíìÔnÛa
:vw x a g [ O> . × J+ ,- -K O> . T J RX :1D
h g . 12 .b KEB(N nW 38 K% ~"./ $ ~% . KEB( , −
h g . f' 12 M%I K «8 3: M%I1'| 3456 −S
h g ~".L $ « Q6/ 3: . ~E^ $ b 5 6x 3456 −D
h g 0 ± 38 −
. $ y6E ;1e 8 c.8 ( (
:vw O - -K < \ c 2B /7 2 Ai RX :2D

:8 6x $ 8, F= −1
& y6i −
M% KZ ( −S
K% $ b 8 −D
Q.' %8 −
:a E8 km^ 38 y6E ;1e 8 J,8 w LC −2

TEMP −
TANK −S
OIL −D
BATER −
316
:. 3 ( s OL 9 O> . Y 3 O ( - -K O> @M RX :3D

Y 3 . 3
~E] $ ( b 5 6x −1 h g c.6 y6E c.8 −
& $ M% KZ ( 8 −2 h g b 8 c.8 −S
& $ y6E 5 6x −3 h g K 8 c.8 −D
6%L. 3&! Kb 6x −4 h g 3&2 8 c.8 −
3&2 Kb −5
:. 3 ( y OL 9 O> . Y 3 ( -K & @M RX :4D

Y 3 . 3
TEMP −1 h g y6E 8 c.8 −
TANK −2 h g b 8 c.8 −S
OIL −3 h g K 8 c.8 −D
BATER −4 h g 3&2 8 c.8 −
:OL 9 O> +. 1 < #$ j T. :5D

~".L $ K( Q6/ 3: ~E] $ ( b 5 J,8 n6 −1
& $ 8 e6 K% ~"./ $ K «8 −2
~".L $ ®ZmIJ 5,6 % 8 ~% ? −3
~".L $ 0
®ZmIJ %#b%C & y6i ~% ? −4
317
@Nñ†bîÔÛa@òyìÛ@À@æbîjÛa@ñèuc@˜zÏ Z‰bjn"üa@áa

% ' O@%>B K: LI! −1
(AVO) 8J %.^ &J i%B( −2
)6" 5, K% ' −3

b 8 c.8 &J −1
K ( 8 c.8 &J −2
3&2 c.8 o%.#8 &J −3
y6E ;1e c.8 &J −4
318
@ZñŠbîÛa@óÜÇ@wß‡¾a@™‹ÔÛaë@ìí†a‹Ûaë@Ýv¾a@ñ‹öa†@ 4-4
ZñŠbîÛa@Ývßë@ìí†aŠ@Œbèu@À@òîöbi‹èØÛa@pýî–ìnÛa 1-4-4
The electrical connections on the Radio/Cassette of the Car
K% z8 6 i%B( $ @%>B4 m h186−6g 42 e6
,I# % 8 )Z ^ j? i%B( 38 m H"t 34
hInputs for connection CD changer) CD CL' k.8 ¡ ^8 −1

Input for connection antenna O@ ^8 −2
The wire's antenna O@ Y"' −3
^ y6%C.5 i%B( CD l %CL'| k.8 ^8 −4
Input for the wiring hamess K%ª $ ( m'N 8% ^8 −5
Rear ground terminal O "] s6¨ / −6
186−6
3 i Q W A <Q J G* |O
319
@ZñŠbîÛa@À@ïöbi‹èØÛa@Ýî–ìnÛa@Úý(c@‡í‡¥@Ö‹ @@ 2-4-4
:6 + K%ª $ O@%>B4 m' 6x n6
6%L." )% 6V1 ;^ W K% " ·, 4 ,6 −
:6 + 8JN i%B( L'> hyJ12g 6V1 B( % b −S
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h g K% $ z5" %:+' w> F=' ± 38 −U
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338
pbzÜİ—¾a@òàöbÓ

Armature
Wires
Cables
Head Lights
Fog lamps
Terminal
Vehicle - Car –
Ammeter
OFF !"#
Adjusting bolt *)( $ %&'
battery "+'
Acid Battery , "+'

Low %+'
Pulley -.'
Dashboard *2 /'+( -
1 /'0
pinion 2 3 40
Assembling – Combination 789 − 50
ON :;0
Contact <0
Parallel => 0
Series ? 0
Connection 0
339

Electrical connections '@ A 0
Current 0
Diode / %3B
Radio/cassette unite F E "C >@D
Voltage G@D
Wiring hamess ,
Carbon Brush Holder H '. IJ ,
Cell /K
Circuit -C
Short Circuit LM -C
Integrated circuit /. -C
Degree of temperature -N DC
Grease QRS EOPC
Brake pedal T UC
Wiper arm VW XY
mist YY
Wiper Blade VW "
Counter – Meter CG) )
Negative 5
Capacity Z
Wire [/
Speaker )\
Front speaker )\
Rear speaker J/K )\
340

Left speaker ]^" )\
Right speaker _38" )\
Cassette $"`
HackSaw Blade ;3W -JS
Nut
Lockout ab0
Sound A
High Beam ?Z
Low Beam cJd3W

Terminal stud
Reflector <Z
High ?)
Lens GZ
Armature e Hf )
Commutator G, 0 )
Stator a'B )
Rotor UC )
Defect – Fault +)
shaft C 8)
Carbon prush A\RT
Brushes IT
Carbon Brush H ' ST
Maine fuse *g(% 8) > T
Short *- hM -C( LM
341

Electrode 5+M
Alkaline = /M
Detector iS
Bearing j k
Steal ball RH -
Control plate Q.R ,
Trim plate 3"l ,
Fuse block A> J ,
CD-changer CD H + mG
n o
Field mp
Magnetic field g3: mp
Bearings j
Limiter CGj
Motor j
Wiper Motor VW j
Electrolyte %'@ m /j
Jaurnal bearing %MqlH 8j
Circuit Diagram -G $+r
Input KG
Relay ,
Handle
1
Car player (car recorder) - F
Mounting bolt 50 \
Stay (option) ab0 *XY( G3
342

gear * D( 33
Lamb sh
Fuse @h
Frequency converter CC :
Lighting Switches -Hf V0J
Switch s J
Eject $"t eK# s J
Ignition switch mZS# s J
Auto Stop Switch %.0 0 !"# s J
Main Lighting Switch g s J
Control Switch Q.R s J
Volume A h' Q.R s J
Solenoid Switch g3:U@. s JW
Radio/Tape switch FE "C "G0 s J
Turns signal switch u9q G"Gv s J
Hazard warning flasher ""wR ASf :;0 s J
Dimmer Switch mG s J

Intermittent Switch U3 s J
Stop light switch iM V'h s J
Back up light sw. i/d/ X D V'h s J
Resister U!
Turn signal flasher Hx -Sf 0 7+!

Audio Amplifier A h y.
Relay <
343

Coil i/
Excitation winding +M i/
Current Coil i/
Pullin Winding 5R i/
Field Coil mFW i/

Horn z3
Fuse @h3
Positive 5D W
Wire
Generator G
Contact points <0 {!H
Antenna % P
Hydrometer UGP
Car’s chassis - .P
Joint Link /hJ U
Spring c'H E="
344
Š†b—¾aë@Éua‹¾a@òàöbÓ
:‫ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬:‫ﻻ‬
‫• ﺃﻭ ﹰ‬
' ->U − ! "# −2U|KU |8F) O|, E −1
|P1426E2005 −~U Z+ −}+/T UC −?Z Q/Z U
->U −mU lx − $%& ! "# −2U|KU C| G|8j E −2
|P1426E2005 −~U Z+ −}+/T UC −?Z Q/Z U '
'Z ./8W − %3@W 5"G U %3J Q|/Z / |Z | W − '# ( ") *+ −3
|P1429 Z −"C Z
−" 'Z " @8x − - . '/0 −2UKU ,_J+h V8| −4
1983 −1982 3 Z+
5"G U %3J Q/Z / Z W − + '# 1 )2 −2U|KU ,<|H ["G"|T −5
1985 −Hb Z+ − HW −A9 S −a/ aH# t3 UCU %3@W
−"C Z 'Z ./8W −%3@W 5"G U %3J Q/Z / Z W −$ 3 % ! ") −6
|P1427 Z
−<J3|| C − ( ") "0 − 4 − |!J G||) G|8j E −7
1996 −23 −AU '
%||3J Q||/Z ->U − . 5'0 − 4 ! "# −k||N V|| h||3 E −8
2010 −Z3 −38 " @8x − P3W -C# −%3@W 5"G U
− + '#. 6 $% /7 −/S D E|P `' } G3@WU }3@W } GW O ) 8p −9
−HW −A9 S −a/ aH# t3 UCU %3@W 5"G U %|3J Q|/Z / |Z | W
1985 Hb Z+
'Z ./8W − %3@W 5"G U %3J Q/Z / Z W −'# 841 ! "# 9:9 −10
|P1429 Z −"C Z
t3/ Z 78 FW . – ~U Z+ – '# 1 )2 −eN T 0 2J E4G3@W −11
2008 – 2C – 2\)
–7"> U
345
/8Z 5 . C −. 5'0 ;9 4 ! "# < //7 −+) ) +) E4G3@W −12
2005 −-P! −'Z L " @ − 7"> U t3/
−'Z Z+ − ! "# = 0# −) O, G|8j 4G3|@W U , |/D G"| E4G3|@W −13
2005 −8/Z =U> C −2C −2\)

−@ 1 A49 > : 9/? −/. W )3h| |"G AG, | −3|Z G|8j E4G3|@W −14
1988 −2C −3 Z+W −~U Z+
t3/ /8Z 5 . C − . 5'0 ;9 4 ! "# −+) |) |+)E4G3|@W −15
1998 −-P! −'Z L " @ − 7"> U
− 2\)
–Q/Z A3!0U P38/ Z ""GW −#B !/ CD E/F%% , ' 9/? E/F% −16
2003E|P1423 – Z+ – 2G& Z+ −2C
:‫ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬:‫• ﺛﺎﻧﻴ ﹰﺎ‬

1- 21R, 22R, ENGINES REPAIR MANUAL ISSUE Aug 1980 –
Prepared by: TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION.
2- DELOREZO, Hydraulic brakes, DLAM11, (Milano Italy,
DELORENZO SRL, 1996- 2000).
3- Robert Bosch GmpH. Technische Vnterrichtung Generatoren fur
Krafifahrzeuge Stuttgart Robet Bosch Gmbh. 1974.
4- TOYOTA HAYNES REPAIR MANUAL.
5- TOYOTA, (COROLLA Repair manual for chassis & body), Japan,
TOYOTA Motor Corporation, 1987.
6- TOYOTA, (DYAN & COASTER Repair manual for chassis &
body), Japan, TOYOTA Motor Corporation, 1980.
7- TOYOTA, (LAND CRUISER Repair manual for chassis & body),
Japan, TOYOTA Motor Corporation, 1983.
8- TOYOTA, (STOUT Repair manual for chassis & body), Japan,
TOYOTA Motor Corporation, 1983.
9- Verlag Hand werk Anel Technik GmbH fachkenntnisse
kraftfahrzeug mechaniker Hamburg. Verlag Hand werk Anel
Technik Gmbh 1986.
346
347

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‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻠﺠﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬

‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬

105 ‫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺑﺪﺀ ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬

143 ‫ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬:‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ‬

‫‪181‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬

‫‪211‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬

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Lead Acid Battery@ZHï›ßb¨a@™b–‹ÛaI@òÜöbÛa@òíŠbİjÛa 2-1

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Lead peroxide :‫ﺝ( ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ‬

Spongy Lead :‫ﺩ( ﺃﻟﻮﺍﺡ ﺷﺒﻜﻴﺔ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ‬

Separator :‫ﻩ( ﻓﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻋﺎﺯﻟﺔ‬

(Battery Cells) :‫ﻭ( ﺧﻼﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

Battery Terminals :‫ﺯ( ﺃﻗﻄﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

Electrolyte :‫ﺡ( ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

.8−1, #$+ -.4 w%= wS ,/-@ _@v  1 -.4 w@'

:‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬

:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬

:‫• ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬

LM 2 H  ? @A #I −4

(Types of Batteries)@ZpbíŠbİjÛa@Êaìãc 3-2-1

Voltage :‫ﺏ( ﺍﳉﻬﺪ‬

: V >  C -.  E5 %

C-@ ? LD@# dU 2 X @# 4b  ]b dM  X ,X/ .12,  −e

Size :‫ﺝ( ﺍﳊﺠﻢ‬

210 790 1,230 1

255 745 1,280 2

:‫• ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﲡﻬﻴﺰ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

+ % b¥ B4)= B.M −2 +HD B4)= UR −2

+= |4K; −3 +% * !" N = −3

+-u  -. }5 −4 + -. |M ¦@# −4

+UR % AN4[ LDM −5 '' N B''4[ LD''M −5

+ - I B$"  p# +/0

:  &( -.4 %-u e" l*M }>]= /, v= \" LDM _

:‫• ﻋﻴﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬

+W16−1T * }5 ,%-u -. e U "=

Electrolyte Level Check :‫( ﻓﺤﺺ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﶈﻠﻮﻝ‬b

:   B4)= @ i)U _

:‫( ﻗﻴﺎﺱ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻄﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﲜﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﻣﻴﺘﺮ‬c

:  9> gc/  EF Rf MY #D A −?

:Rf i ]  T jk .3−1, 0 − h

1,265 1,299   )O

1,235 1,265 )* P-; :]:

1,205 1,235 )* Y5

1,170 1,205 )* 2-

1,140 1,170 W)* HD T ( -.

1,110 1,140 W)*  m  T  -.

‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‪:‬‬

? ''' , -.''' d'''.R# 4'''K q'''U −e

 ) -.4 &%-u _@'V 'S# −

'' '' C,''M e''S: i'')# −n

 -. d.R# C]'K E' '}5 −X

'' ]b C)'''U '' ''S= 9''= ''; −e

.4−1,  2U = /    b; / ' kr' −

Ander Battery Capacity Test@ZòíŠbİjÜÛ@òîÜ‚a‡Ûa@òÈÛa@‘bîÓ@ 7-2-1

.36−1, #$+ +W36−1T * ? 

:R/! MYZ  H #v 2> •

Voltage test open Circuit :‫ﺏ(ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﳉﻬﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬

:‫• ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ – ﻳﺘﻮﻗﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺭﺏ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺍﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ‬

:‫• ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬

@*# +% 8 "6 !D[

Lead Acid Battery@ZHï›ßb¨a@™b–‹ÛaI@òÜöbÛa@òíŠbİjÛa 2-1

.8−1, #$+ -.4 w%= wS ,/-@ _@v 1 -.4 w@'

LM 2 H ? @A #I −4

: V > C -. E5 %

C-@ ? LD@# dU 2 X @# 4b ]b dM X ,X/ .12, −e

+ % b¥ B4)= B.M −2 +HD B4)= UR −2

+= |4K; −3 +% * !" N = −3

+-u -. }5 −4 + -. |M ¦@# −4

+UR % AN4[ LDM −5 '' N B''4[ LD''M −5

+ - I B$" p# +/0

: &( -.4 %-u e" l*M }>]= /, v= \" LDM _

+W16−1T * }5 ,%-u -. e U "=

: B4)= @ i)U _

: 9> gc/ EF Rf MY #D A −?

:Rf i ] T jk .3−1, 0 − h

1,265 1,299 )O

1,235 1,265 )* P-; :]:

1,205 1,235 )* Y5

1,170 1,205 )* 2-

1,140 1,170 W)* HD T ( -.

1,110 1,140 W)* m T -.

? ''' , -.''' d'''.R# 4'''K q'''U −e

) -.4 &%-u _@'V 'S# −

'' '' C,''M e''S: i'')# −n

-. d.R# C]'K E' '}5 −X

'' ]b C)'''U '' ''S= 9''= ''; −e

.4−1, 2U = / b; / ' kr' −

Ander Battery Capacity Test@ZòíŠbİjÜÛ@òîÜ‚a‡Ûa@òÈÛa@‘bîÓ@ 7-2-1

.36−1, #$+ +W36−1T * ?

:R/! MYZ H #v 2> •

+!I 2 V -.b $% −4 + - −2

b #D" i Y ;@ −4

$''v -.''4 &'' ''V '' −

i Y0 2> MYZ Y ;@ −5

:cu D % 5O$ *U] −?

:X ( Y0 cu 4YA −?

‫;‪? ''''' , -.''''' e'''''; '''''}5 −‬‬

-. ]b ' C,'M |'U −e

/or= S= .S! 4= "@ ' −

+ -. ]b C,M w- −E

k = k- /-@ ' -.' w'- −

: > A T P2 gc/

%%0 \" B]b i)U

/% -. E; }# %%0 \" D )* E; }# \"

-. "M i)U 9 %

}# > 2 ~ )* Cb 9 %

5: / -.4 "@ i)U

dU 9.7 ; dU 9.7 ;

& 2= %U – ~ •

+ !@ * -. B4[ EYS5 −3

+ -.4 §G −4

w''S k ' ''U B$' 9''m w '# −5

G1 1 & D' %O bCJ + lDD0 Q4−2P ,$ |

#0 ,0 ! D4e p' F OC

GQVC P S m 0 −6 G% Eo TT −1 ! D4e p' %O @& . T

Q7−2P ,$ :0 1$! 2 $5% 67 •

:∆ ! $5% #=7 :#$<>

:1$! $?% #=7 •

: '6 ;?@F #0 , ;?@A j:\

12−2 kD S/O ' S/O

:K I #$<E QI −

L M) 2N OP #$<E QI GM' D / dg

: :B TE +2 . U" . . #?. −.

%$ Qm T P + R6 ~ %50 d 'w 7: #0 O =/

: :P _$BP dGE d! #ZG −C

:1$! F!G!3 2 −F

:$B=E #1\ _ 2 OP _ 1 =2 −F

30 , 9 : h 4 b

G G Z ' ( Qd cZ5 P

?D d 3a (

GZ, T 5 ( Gd 3a

G =3 3J % ¥6 ( 3J % . Z (

27−2 <' C0F &@ ' #0 2 SL ,z0

Belt Chech : U3 ' * −2

0 O 54 $ 0 ¥6

: :B 1$! . _l 6* s$k −6

: vw # ' * −8