Herbert- tipos de interpretación en ingles

Interpretation may be given alongside and simultaneously with the original speech (simultaneous), or
immediately after the speaker completed his speech or one part of it (consecutive interpretation).
There are 3 varieties of simultaneous interpretation:
(a) Whispering: the interpreter whispers into the ear of 1 or 2 delegates (occasionally three) what is
being said by the speaker.
(b) Telephonic simultaneous: the interpreter, who listens to the original speech through ear-phones,
speaks into a microphone.
(c) Translation at sight: the interpreter is given a written text which he has never seen before and,
directly or through a microphone, reads aloud at normal reading-speed in a L other than the one in
which it is written.

Consecutive interpretation may be given

(a) either from the rostrum /podium or from the floor;
(b) by telephone, in what is wrongly termed “semi-simultaneous interpretation”. This latter method is
resorted to when the same speech has to be translated into several L, and the standard which normally
goes with consecutive interpretation is required.
In most cases, one of the interpreters follows upon the speaker, either from the rostrum or the floor, and
the others speak from booths, all at the same time, but in complete independence one of another.
Simultaneous interpretation is expected to be integral; consecutive may be full, or more or less
summarized and abbreviated.
Although the choice of the method is a question to be decided by the organizers of the meeting, the
advice of interpreters is often sought. The following remarks may help them to give a balanced answer:
(a) Simultaneous interpretation can reach a satisfactory level of correctness and accuracy only with a
good original speaker and a good interpreter.
(b) It occupies no time apart from that taken by the original speech. Consecutive interpretation occupies
a varying proportion of the time of the Assembly, depending on the quality of the interpreter and on the
degree to which he is allowed or instructed to abbreviate the original.
(c) Telephonic interpretation—consecutive or simultaneous—requires expensive equipment and a
greater number of interpreters.
(d) Consecutive interpretation offers hardly any advantage when the speakers read their speeches and
can supply the interpreters with a copy beforehand.
(e) Direct consecutive interpretation can be used only with two, or 3 working L, and in the latter case
only where interpreters may abbreviate to a considerable extent. Normally, whenever more than two
working L are used, a telephonic equipment is advisable which can serve for consecutive or for
simultaneous interpretation.
(f) Several of these methods may be used concurrently during the same session. It is possible to have
simultaneous interpretation for long speeches which are read —and occupy whole meetings— and
consecutive interpretation for actual debates. Also, when only one member requires interpretation into
one L, such interpretation may be whispered to him while other interpretations are being given by
different methods.