Chapter II

Review of Related Literature And Studies

Local Literature

According to Punzalan (2022), gender stereotypes can

influence the STEM interests and future career

perspectives of junior high school students in the

Philippines. The study found that boys were more

interested in STEM fields than girls, and that gender

stereotypes played a role in shaping these interests.

Makarova et al. (2019) found that the gender

stereotype of math and science negatively impacted

secondary students' career aspirations in STEM fields in

the Philippines. The study found that girls were less

likely to aspire to STEM careers than boys due to the

stereotype that math and science are male domains.

De Guzman (2019) found that gender stereotypes

impacted the career choices of high school students in

the Philippines. The study found that male students were

more likely to choose careers in STEM fields, while

female students were more likely to choose careers in the

humanities and social sciences.

 Taher (2021) found that gender stereotyping

influenced academic choice at the University of Debrecen.

The study found that female students were more likely to

choose social science and humanities majors, while male

students were more likely to choose STEM majors.

Wrigley-Asante (2019) found gender differences in

academic performance of students studying STEM subjects

at the University of Ghana. The study found that male

students performed better than female students in STEM

subjects, which the authors attributed to gender

stereotypes and societal expectations.

Foreign Literature