PMLS 2

LECTURE / LESSON 1 / TEXTBOOK

HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY PROFESSION The use of chemistry was pivotal in the diagnosis of
diabetes, anemia, diphtheria, and syphilis during this
TOPIC OUTLINE period.
1 History of Medical Technology in a Global Context
2 History of Medical Technology in the United States Medical technology that allowed physicians to examine
3 History of Medical Technology in the Philippines body parts used to be observed only in cadavers.
4 Inventions and Innovations in the Field of Medical o Thermometer
Laboratory o Stethoscope
o Microscope
HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL o Ophthalmoscope
CONTEXT o Laryngoscope
o X-ray
HIPPOCRATES
→ The “father of medicine” PEPTIDE/PROTEIN HORMONES
→ The author of Hippocratic Oath STETHOSCOPE → 1816
→Advocates the tasting of urine, listening to the lungs, → First diagnostic medical
and observing outward appearances of bubbles, blood, breakthrough
and pus in urine indicated kidney disease. → Invented by Rene
GALEN Läennec
→ Greek physician and philosopher → Acquire information
→ Instigated a rudimentary and qualitative assessment about the lungs and
of disorder by measuring body fluids (also called the heartbeats
four humors. Which are, MICROSCOPE → 1840
o Blood → First practical microscope
o Phlegm → Devised by Antonie van
o Yellow bile Leeuwenhoek
o Black bile
In relation to seasons.
→Describe diabetes as “diarrhea of urine”
→Establish the relationship between fluid intake and
urine volume. OPHTHALMOSCOPE → 1850
→First visual technology
In medieval Europe, diagnosis by “water casting” invented by Hermann von
(uroscopy) was widely practiced. Helmholz
900 AD → First book detailing the characteristics of
urine;
o Color
o Density LARYNGOSCOPE → 1855
o Quality →Devised by Manuel
was written. Garcia using two mirrors to
Early 11th century → medical practitioners were not observe the throat and
allowed to conduct physical examination of the larynx
patient’s body.
18th century → mechanical techniques and cadaver X-RAY → 1859
dissection were used to provide more objective and →Invented by Wilhelm
accurate diagnosis and to understand the inside of the Roentgen
body. →Discovered accidentally
19th century → physicians began using machines for that radiation could
diagnosis or therapeutics penetrate solid objects
→Allowed physicians to
John Hutchinson’s spirometer → measuring vital view the inside of the body
capacity of the lungs without surgery
Jules Herisson’s sphygmomanometer → measuring →Used to diagnose
blood pressure. pneumonia, pleurisy, &
tuberculosis since World
War II

CARANDANG CGC 1
PMLS 2
LECTURE / LESSON 1 / TEXTBOOK

1941 CARDIAC →First operated

Mid-1800s → Laboratories designed for analyzing CATHETERIZATION AND by Forsmann in
medical specimens were organized by chemical experts. ANGIOGRAPHY 1929 and
Mid-1900s → Technical laboratories regulated by the developed by
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began Moniz, Reboul,
to be used for medical diagnostics in the US. and Rousthoi
Early 20th century → Improvements in basic sciences between 1930 &
and integration of scientific and technological 1940.
discoveries. →Discovered as
safe method in
humans by
SUCH AS: Cournand in
1903 ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH →Developed by 1941
William →Made seeing
Einthoven the heart, lung
→Measure vessels, and
electrical valves by
changes during inserting a
the beating of cannula in an
the heart arm vein and
into the heart
1910 KENNY METHOD →Pioneering with an injection
work for modern of radiopaque
physical therapy dye for X-ray
→Devised by visualization.
Elizabeth Kenny
in the treatment
ELECTRON → Visualization of small cells
of polio (infantile
MICROSCOPE including tumor cells
paralysis) using
TOMOGRAPHY → developed through adaption of
hot packs and
AND computers in medical researches
muscle
MAGNETIC
manipulation
RESONANCE
→prompted the
IMAGING
invention of a
(MRI)
new stretcher
(called Slyvia
stretcher in PROTHESIS SUCH AS:
1927) intended
for transporting o Artificial heart valves
patients in shock o Artificial blood vessels
1927 DRINKER RESPIRATOR →Invented by o Functional electromechanical limbs
Philip Drinker o Reconstructive skeletal joints
→ Help patients
with paralytic Medical technology
anterior
poliomyelitis → breakthroughs persist through robotics, keyhole
surgery procedures, genetic engineering, and
recover normal
telemedicine (information technology).
respiration
→has improve quality life and increased life
1939 HEART-LUNG MACHINE →First visual expectancy.
technology
→Invented by
Hermann von
Helmholz

CARANDANG CGC 2