Pilgrimage (Hajj)

• Holy Prophet pbuh said that nothing but Paradise is the reward of an approved
pilgrimage to the Holy Kabah.

• The first House of Worship appointed for mankind is that at Makkah, a blessed place and
source of guidance to the people. (Al-Quran)

• Haj is the combination of all obligatory worship.

• Haj is the largest spiritual gathering of the believers.

• Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam.

• The literal meaning of the word 'Hajj' is 'to set out, to depart or to make a pilgrimage.

• It refers to a Muslim’s act of worship, performed annually in the month of Dhil-Haj, the
12 month of the lunar calendar.

• To perform Hajj is incumbent at least once in a lifetime, upon every Muslim, who is an
adult, free, in good health and has sufficient money for the expenses of the journey and
for the provision for his dependents during the period of his absence.
Women have to be accompanied by a close relative (Mahram) like a husband, father,
son or brother. It is said in the Holy Quran, "Pilgrimage to the House is a duty which
man owes to Allah, who can find a way to it." (3:96)

• Hajj is not obligatory on children, the sick, insane and those who are unable to bear the
expenses for
Hajj.
Religious Significance of Hajj

• Performing of Hajj is an unprecedented spiritual experience.

• Hajj provide the opportunity to get and feel closer to Almighty Allah.

• The reward of an accepted Hajj is Paradise.

• Pilgrim purifies himself from all the previous minor sins.

Pilgrimage is one of the fundamental religious institutions of lslam.
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It is the greatest of all acts of worship; it brings great rewards and purifies from sins.
The Holy Prophet pbuh said,

• "Anyone who performs pilgrimage and does not involve himself in sins and indecent
words, he gets purified from all sins as he was on the day of birth” . (Muslim)

• At another place, the Holy Prophet pbuh Said,

• "Hajj, which is free from sins and defects, is rewarded with Paradise." (Agreed upon)

• If any believer does not perform Hajj despite that he is financially, Physically and
mentally able, he is warned by the Holy Prophet pbuh in these words,

• "lf a person is not hampered by any disease, real necessities or a tyrannical ruler and
yet does not perform Hajj, his death and the death of a Jew or a Christian are the
same.” (Tirmidhi)
Pilgrimage is the only pillar of lslam which requires both physical and financial
sacrifices. It reminds of the grand assembly on the Day of
Judgement when people will stand equally before God, waiting for their final destiny and
where no superior race or creed can be claimed, nor any person will be underestimated
or degraded due to his class, race or color.
Social Significance

• Haj is the largest religious gathering of Muslims.

• Hajj demonstrates the true picture of Muslim brotherhood.

• It is the means to get familiar with Muslims of other regions of the world.

• It serves as a forum of discussing various issues of the Muslim Ummah.

• Hajj is the wholesome demonstration of the universality of Islam, Muslim brotherhood

and equality from all walks of life, from all trades and classes, and from every corner of
the globe, Muslims assemble at Makkah in response to Allah’s call.
 They dress in the same simple way, follow the same regulations, and utter the same
supplications at all times in the same way tor the same end.

• During Hajj, the Islamic fraternity becomes particularly evident and can be experienced
in a special way by everyone who takes part.

• Barriers of language, territory, color and race disappear, and the bond of faith is the
uppermost.

• Everyone has the same status: the status of Allah’s servant.

• There is no royalty, but loyalty towards Allah.

• There is no superiority or arrogance but humility and devotion towards Allah.

• Hajj is the greatest regular conference of peace known in the history of mankind.

• In the course of Hajj- peace is the main theme; peace with God and ones soul, peace
with one another and with animals, peace with birds and even with insects.

• To disturb the peace of anyone or any creatures in any shape or form is strictly
prohibited.
Types of Hajj
There are three types of Hajj

• Haj-e- irad, it is to put on Ihram for Haj alone.

• Hajj-e-Qiran, it is to put on lhram for both Umrah and Hajj.

• Hajj e Tamat'u, it is to put on Ihram for Umrah and then to put on lhram again for Haj on
8th of Dhil- Haj.

Hajj-e-Ifrad:

• The person who performs Haj-e-ifrad is called, "Mufrid.

• Haj-e-Ifrad is a type of Haj in which pilgrim puts on Ihram for Hajj only, and no Umrah is
performed before the performance of Haj.
Hajj-e-Qiran:
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• In this type of Hajj. the pilgrim enters into the state of Ihram for both Umrah and Haj at
one time. Hajj-e-Tamatt'u:

• This is a type of Hajj in which pilgrim performs Umrah before the Haj. The pilgrim
removes Ihram for Umrah on the 8th of Dhil-Hajj and Re-enters into the state of Ihram
again for Hajj.

• Pilgrim who preforms Hajj-e-Tamatt'u is called 'Mutamatte.

Method of Hajj

• Miqat : As soon as a pilgrim approaches the boundary line of the Holy Land, i.e., the
Miqat, he or she must follow all the restrictions ot lhram.
Tawaf ul Qudoom :

• On reaching Makkah the pilgrim goes to the Sacred Masjid-e-Haram around the Kabah
and then preforms an optional Tawaf, called Tlawaf-ulQudoom.
Day 1: 8th Dhil-Hajj

• Mina : On the 8th day of Dhil-Haj the pilgrim goes to Mina, before the time of Zuhr
prayer, a town three miles from Makkah, and spends the rest of the day and the whole
night there.
Day 2: 9th Dhil-Haljj

• WUQUF-E-ARAFAH : After offering the Fajr prayer of the 9th Dhil-Hajj, the pilgrim
proceeds to Arafat, a place about seven miles from Makkah, and stops anywhere in the
Mauqafs ( staying places) in the area surrounding the Jabal e Rahmat, i. e the hill of
Mercy.

• This is the most important part of Hajj.

• Without this, Hajj cannot be considered complete.

• Pilgrimage spends this time in the remembrances of Allah and listens to the sermon at
the plane of Arafat and combines the Zuhr and Asr prayers.

• He stays at Arafat till sunset.

MUZDALIFAH : Just after the sunset of the 9th DhilHajj, the pilgrim leaves the plain of
ARAFAT without offering Maghrib prayer, and proceeds to Muzdalifah, a place between Mina
 and Arafat, where he or she offers Maghrib and Isha Prayers (combined) and picks at least
49 pebbles from there.
Day 3 : 10th Dhil-Haj
The Pilgrim proceeds from Muzdalifah after the Fajr prayer of the 10th of Dhil Hajj
(picking at least 49 pebbles from there) and comes to Mina.
RAMMI: The pilgrim then takes up seven pebbles, and holding each between the index finger
and the thumb of the right hand, throws them one by one at the pillar called Jamrat-ul-
Uqubah on the same day, i.e. the 10th of Dhil- Hajj. This act is known ‘Rami’.
SACRIFICE : The pilgrim then, if he or she can afford, makes a sacrifice of a goat or a sheep or
joins with six others in the sacrifice of a camel or a bull.
HALQ: The pilgrim then, shaves off preferably the whole head or at least a quarter head, If the
pilgrim is a male, and in the Case of a female pilgrim, she should cut off at least an inch of a
lock of her hair. This act is known as 'Halq.’
TAWAF E ZIARA : The pilgrim then moves towards Makkah for Tawaf-e-Ziara' which is also called
"Tawaf-e-Ifada. It is one of the obligatory acts of pilgrimage.
• The pilgrim circumambulates round the Kabah seven times and offers two Rakkat at the
Maqam-eIbrahim the station of Prophet Ibrahim .

• Afterwards, the pilgrim runs between the Hills of Safa and Marwa which is called 'Sa'i.

• The pilgrim returns to Mina and spends the night of the 11th of Dhil-Haj there.

Ayyam Ut-Tashriq. 11th, 12th, 13th of Dhil-Haji

RAMMI :

• The pilgrim comes to Mina and remains here for two or three days which are Known as
Ayyam ut-Tashriq.

• After the noon of the 11th and the 12th of Dhil- Hajj

• Pilgrim approaches Jamaraat (the pillars) in the prescribed manner, (These Pillars are
called Jamratul-Ula, Jamrat-ul-Wusta and Jamrat-ul-"Uqubah) and throws seven pebbles
against each of them, reciting at each throw: "Bismillahi Alahu Akbar.” (Bukhari)
It a pilgrim stays on the 13th of Dhil-Hajj as well, he or she throws seven pebbles at the
pillars as on the two previous days.
TAWAF – Ul- WIDA:
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• The pilgrim must perform a departing Tawaf, called Tawaf-ul-Wida, before leaving
Makkah for one’s own country. This act completes the performance of pilgrimage.

Importance of the Rituals of Hajj in Muslim. Beliefs& Practices • Ihram

• Ihram is not only a kind of dress but a mark of believers' servitude and symbol of
sacrifice in the way of Allah.

• The first basic rite of pilgrimage is the "Ihram which legally means entering Upon the
state of pilgrimage.

• Ihram' is the dress of two sheets of unsewn white cloth for men.
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This is a very simple from of dress a pilgrim must wear in place of his normal everyday
clothes with the intentiort of performing Haj or 'Umrah, ad

• abstaining trom all things that are unlawful for those intending to pertorn 1ajj or Umrah.
For a woman,

• Ihram is her ordinary dress, Ihram is the uniform for appearing in the court of the King of
the Universe, quite plain, informal and free from decoration.

• It is, on the one hand, a mark of mans servitude, and on the other, a symbol of his
sacrifice.

• This appearance of a pilgrim shows that he is nothing but a humble servant of Allah. He
is indifferent to everything except the divine pleasure.

• He abandons all worldly luxuries, pleasures, adornments and amusements and is

imbued with the spirit to sacrifice himself on a command of Allah. Moreover, when
pilgrims from all corners of the world put off their ordinary dress and wear this sacred
robe, the universal Islamic brotherhood becomes a visible reality.
Restrictions of Ihram:

• The pilgrim should faithfully observe all that Allah has made obligatory, such as the daily
prayers at proper time.

• He should avoid what Allah has prohibited such as wrong-doing. quarrelling and commit
sins, He should also guard against injuring the Muslims by deed or by word. Besides, he
should abstain the following acts:

• Cutting a tree.

• Cropping or shaving of hair or paring (filing) of nails. Covering of head or face in anyway
whatsoever.

• Use of gloves or socks.

• Wearing of any kind of sewn clothes.

• Using perfume either on dress or body.

• Killing or even dislodging and throwing away lice.

Difference between the adoption of Ihram by men and women .
Women can wear sewn clothes.

• She can cover her head. However, she should not put on a veil in such a manner that the
fabric may touch her face.

• She can put on socks or gloves.

• All the other things which are unlawful for a man are also unlawful for her.
Talbiyah

• The slogan of pilgrims "I am preset at thy service, O Allah' is the answer to the call
made by Prophet Ibrahim by the command of Allah, 'And proclaim into mankind the
pilgrimage (22:27))

• The following declaration is called., Talbiyah:

• "I stand up for Thy service, O Allah! I stand up! I stand up! There is no partner with Thee!
I stand up: I stand up ! Verily Thine is the Praise, the Blessing and the Kingdom ! There is
no partner with Thee. (Bukhari)
As soon as the pilgrim says these words, He enters into the state of lhram.
He goes on repeating these words on every occasion after every prayer on ascending
every height and descending every slope, at awakening ,on meeting a caravan in short in
all the events these words are at his lips.

• I stand up! O Allah, I stand up for Thy service!" is not an empty slogan. It is an
expression of a craving to Submit oneself to Allah.

• It is a declaration that a humble servant is at the command of his master and submits to
him.

• When the pilgrims from all corners of the world shout the same slogan , Talbiyah , they
exhibit the strong and profound Islamic nationhood.

• They proclaim that the relationship of Islam is stronger than any other link. The real
bond that unites them is the relationship of faith.