International Indian School Al - JUBAIL

CLASS-VIII SUBJECT:PHYSICS

CHAPTER 12 – FRICTION –PART VII JUNE 2020

Instructions:
1. Read the chapter.
2. Write answer the following question neatly in your Note
book-It will be evaluated after the school reopens.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Define the types of Friction.
Ans. The types of friction are -

1] Static friction – The maximum frictional force present between any two
objects, when one object just tends to move over the surface of other object, is
called static friction.

[The body just tends to move when the maximum limit of static friction is
reached, called limiting friction].

2] Sliding friction – The frictional force present when one object slides over the
surface of another object , is known as sliding friction.

[It prevents uniform motion of the body].

3] Rolling friction – When an object rolls over the surface of another object, the
force of friction existing between their surfaces is called rolling friction.

[It is caused by the deformation of the surfaces in contact].

2. Give two ways each by which you can -
A] Reduce friction B]Increase friction

Ans. Ways to reduce friction -

1] Applying lubricants like oil, grease , graphite etc between moving parts of
vehicle.

2] Polishing the surfaces to make them smooth.

3] Adding wheels, rollers or ball bearings.

Ways to increase friction -

1] By increasing the roughness of surfaces in contact.

2] By treading tyres of vehicles, providing grooves on shoe soles etc.

3. Define fluid friction or drag.

Ans. The frictional force exerted by a fluid on an object moving through is called
fluid friction or drag.

4. State the factors on which fluid friction depend.

Ans. The factors on which fluid friction depend are -

1] Speed of the object.

2] Shape and size of the object.

3] Nature of the fluid{viscosity}.

5. Define streamlined shape.
Ans. A body shape which offers very little resistance to the flow of air or water
around it is called streamlined shape.

6. Why are cars, aeroplanes , speedboats streamlined in shape?

Ans. To reduce drag due to air , water so that the fluid can flow past the moving
object [ car , aeroplane , speedboats] smoothly.

Text Book Questions

1. Alida runs her toy car on dry marble floor, wet marble floor ,
newspaper and towel spread on the floor. The force of friction
acting on the car on different surfaces in increasing order will
be
[A] Wet marble floor , dry marble floor , newspaper and towel.

Since friction depends on the nature of surfaces in contact . The rougher surface
provides more friction as compared to smoother surface.

2. Suppose your writing desk is titled a little. A book kept on it

starts sliding down . Show the direction of frictional force acting
on it .
Ans . The direction of frictional force is always opposite to the direction of
motion. Since the book slides downward the frictional force between the surface
of the book and desk acts upwards
3. Explain why sliding friction is less than static friction.
Ans. During sliding , the irregularities on its surface do not get enough time to lock
into the irregularities on the other surface completely. Since interlockings are less
, Hence sliding friction is less than static friction.

4. Explain why objects moving in fluids must have special

shapes.
Ans. When an object moves through a fluid ,it experiences frictional force called
drag , which opposes its motion and slows it down. This frictional force depend on
the shape of the body , By giving a special shape to these objects called
streamlined shape, the force of friction acting on it can be minimized so that it
can easily move through the fluid.

Prepared By

Mrs. Shabana Begum

(Coordinator – GS)