Ethiopia has been a member of the United Nations since June 26, 1945.

The membership
stipulated to prevent from external attacks and invasions and to maintain envisaged "collective
security" despite the being ineffective and the League shortcomings following Italian invasion of
the country in 1935. were incredibly resourceful on being able to do their job effectively
with minimum equipment and had no reluctance to help local farmers harvest their
fields. The Ethiopian government continues to reiterate its commitment and willingness
to make UN peacekeeping contributions. To this day, Ethiopia is still present in
numerous UN peacekeeping operations in Darfur (UNAMI), in Sudan (UNISFA), in South
Sudan (UNMISS), in Liberia (UNMIL) and in Ivory Coast (UNOCI). It also contributes to the
AU peacekeeping mission in Somalia (AMISOM). It is seen by the Ethiopian government
to be a significant instrument for following different foreign policy and national security
objectives, particularly to contribute in stabilising the sub-region and Africa more
globally. Even though Ethiopia’s peacekeeping contribution is militarily substantial, a
major challenge for increasing police contributions and participating in training is the
problem of language skills that drastically needs to be improved according to UN
experts. The Ethiopian government is addressing this problem by having police officers
trained in English at the British council in Addis Ababa. Another shortcoming is that
Ethiopia has a low presence in senior and middle level leadership positions in UN
peacekeeping missions and in DPKO despite being one of the top contributing countries.
On a final note, since March 2016, Ethiopia began its campaign for a non-permanent
seat at the United Nations Security Council for the term 2017-2018 and has used its
extensive historical presence in UN peacekeeping missions to leverage and promote
their nomination. In an effort to have other African states support their campaign,
Ethiopian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Tedros Adhanom stated during the African Union’s
26th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government that “Ethiopia
has always responded to UN calls for collective action on international peace and
security. Since the inception of the UN, Ethiopia has deployed over 80,000 military and
police personnel to more than 10 peacekeeping missions worldwide.” Dalil Djinnit
infographic_pay_play_updated_800x640.png Sources consulted: AllAfrica.com. (2016).
Ethiopia: Governmentt Campaigns for Seat On UN Security Council. [online] Available at:
http://allafrica.com/stories/201603080837.html [Accessed 5 Apr. 2016]. Dersso, S. (2013).
Peacekeeping Contributor Profile: Ethiopia. [online] Providing for Peacekeeping.
Available at: http://www.providingforpeacekeeping.org/2014/04/03/contributor-profile-
ethiopia/ [Accessed 5 Apr. 2016]. Hailemariam, Z. (2016). Africa: Ethiopia’s Contribution
Toward Peacekeeping Mission. [online] allAfrica.com. Available at:
http://allafrica.com/stories/201601081051.html [Accessed 5 Apr. 2016]. Info-graphic
source: Peaceoperationsreview.org. (2015). Top 10 Financial Contributors to UN
peacekeeping Budget. [online] Available at:
http://peaceoperationsreview.org/infographic/top-10-financial-contributors-to-un-
peacekeeping-budget/ [Accessed 5 Apr. 2016]. Smidt, W. and Abraham, K. (2007).
Discussing conflict in Ethiopia. Wien: Lit, pp.181-183. Sponsored Content [Photos] Her
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Ethiopia, the only uncolonized country of Africa, has a long history of participation in
United Nations (UN) peace operations dating back to the 1950s. It was also the only
African member state of the League of Nations, it is thus undeniable that the country
had an important presence in the international relations scene since the early 20th
century. Moreover, Ethiopia is one of the founding members of the UN and of the
Organization of the African Unity (OAU), which is now called the African Union (AU)
headquartered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The capital of the old african nation is a
diplomatic hub, it hosts a multitude of international organisations, NGOs and diplomatic
representations which makes it the center for continental discussions. Ethiopia has since
its participation in international organisations always endorsed the principle of
maintaining peace and collective security both in the context of the UN and the
OAU/AU. As a result of this principle, Ethiopian forces were engaged in several UN
peacekeeping and Humanitarian missions throughout history. It has participated in
peacekeeping missions in Korea, Congo, Ivory Coast, Rwanda, Burundi, Liberia, Sudan,
South Sudan and Somalia. Nowadays, it contributes 8297 troops, police and military
experts to UN peacekeeping operations in the world and holds the position of the
second top contributor by supplying around 8% of the UN peacekeeping force.
Moreover, it is currently a leading contributor of female peacekeepers to UN missions. In
part, this is a result of a rather strong representation of women in the army but also as a
policy to involve more women in peacekeeping efforts. Ethiopia also significantly
contributes to the AU peacekeeping force in Somalia (AMISOM), according to the
mission’s website it has provided 4395 uniformed personnel to the operation. Since the
creation of the UN in 1945, Ethiopia which was at that time one of the few African
independent nation has always adhered to the principle and policy of maintaining peace
and collective security. This article will delve into three different UN peacekeeping
missions (Korea in the 1950s, Congo in the 1960s and Rwanda in 1990s) in three different
periods in which Ethiopia has successfully shown its commitment and ability to
participate in global peacekeeping operations. In 1951, some 6000 soldiers of the
Imperial Guard of Ethiopia, renamed for the purpose of the mission the Kagnew
Battalion, were sent to Korea to fight along the UN forces as part of the United States led
seventh division. Hence, Ethiopia was one of sixteen nations to intervene in the Korean
crisis and was one of the few non-Nato states to contribute a contingent of UN forces in
South Korea and the only independent African state to participate. South Koreans have
greatly appreciated the commitment for peace, the heroism and military ethics that
Ethiopian troops showed during their time in Korea. Moreover, this episode was very
esteemed and praised by the UN community, and other involved countries. Hereafter,
the world and largely the UN have had solid confidence over Ethiopia’s commitment and
contribution for world peace and stability. Congo was in a serious political crisis in the
1960s, following the official request from the UN to intervene in the crisis to stabilise the
country, Ethiopia played an important role in 1960-63 by sending three brigades
consisting of 10,000 personnel in total. Ethiopian Lieutenant.General Kebede Gebre, who
was previously the commander of the Ethiopian Peacekeeping force in Korea, was
nominated to be commander chief of the UN Peacekeeping operation in Congo, which
included soldiers from over 30 countries. This showed how much respect and confidence
the UN had at that time on Ethiopia’s commitment to world peace. Ethiopia has also sent
its military forces to the UN peacekeeping mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR) with the troops
arriving in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide of 1994. Force Commander of
UNAMIR, Roméo Dallaire noted that despite their lack of equipment, the Ethiopian
contingent were
05:42
Ethiopia is a founding member of the United Nations. The UN System in Ethiopia is one
of the largest in the world and covers both development and humanitarian assistance.
The UN Country Team (UNCT) in Ethiopia is composed of representatives of 28 UN funds
and programmes and specialized agencies. Some of the UN agencies in the UNCT have
regional mandate or act as liaison offices to the UN Economic Commission in Africa and
the African Union. The UN works through a harmonized assistance framework to support
Ethiopia to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and national development
priorities. The UN in Ethiopia is also in the process of developing the United Nations
Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework. Milestones 1 The United Nations
helps to strengthen the country’s capacity to generate and manage data and to use it to
inform decision making and policy development. The support includes implementation
of the National Statistical Development Strategy II; preparation of the Voluntary National
Review report on the SDGs; completion of the Ethiopian 2016 Demographic and Health
Survey; as well as the preparations for the upcoming Census in Ethiopia. 2 The UN
supports to move the agriculture sector toward climate smart and productivity through
establishing and strengthening the Agricultural Transformation Agency and
modernization of the agriculture sector through mass procurement of machinery for the
Ethiopian agricultural research centers. 3 The United Nations generates evidence
including a gender gap analysis of the public finance management system of Ethiopia
(2018), a gender statistics report (2017) and an assessment report on the gender
responsive budgeting that are essential for policy decision making on gender equality
and women empowerment. 4 The UN supported the implementation of a
Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework (CRRF) that aims to deliver a more
predictable and sustainable approach to refugee management for refugees’ self-reliance,
enhanced basic and social services for refugees and the realization of basic rights
including access to birth certification and increased enrolment in education. 5 The United
Nations has supported Ethiopia to boost its industrial and service sector growth and
increasing employment opportunities for women, youth and vulnerable groups.
Interventions are giving micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises, including small
farming businesses, the skills and capacities they need to produce. 6 The United Nations
has coordinated effective humanitarian response to recurrent drought and internally
displaced people (IDPs). In 2018, the UN closely worked with the Ethiopian government,
donors and partners to provide humanitarian assistance to 7.9 million people. The
Sustainable Development Goals in Ethiopia The Sustainable Development Goals are a call
for action by all countries – poor, rich and middle-income – to promote prosperity while
protecting the planet. They recognize that ending poverty must go hand-in-hand with
strategies that build economic growth and address a range of social needs including
education, health, social protection, and job opportunities, while tackling climate change
and environmental protection. These are the goals the UN is working on in Ethiopia:
05:44
The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) was established by the
United Nations Security Council in July 2000[1] to monitor a ceasefire in the border war
that began in 1998 between Ethiopia and Eritrea. First military troops Netherlands -
Canadian battalion 'NECBAT' arrived and established bases in the region in December
2000. The mission was formally abandoned in July 2008[2] after experiencing serious
difficulties in sustaining its troops due to fuel stoppages[3] and after due consideration
of remaining options.[4] History On July 31, 2000, the Security Council adopted
Resolution 1312 and established UNMEE. The mission was put in place in order to
formally demarcate the border between the two countries. The border followed the
route as declared by an international commission in The Hague but Ethiopia refused to
accept the ruling, despite originally agreeing to binding arbitration.[5] The mission
maintained headquarters in Asmara (Eritrea), and Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), and consisted
of 1,676 military personnel, amid high tensions between the two countries. About 1,500
of these peacekeepers were from the Indian Army. In addition, there were about 147
international civilians, 202 local civilians and 67 UN Volunteers. Their area of
responsibility was a buffer zone 25 kilometers (15 miles) wide on the Eritrean side of the
Ethiopian-Eritrean border. There have been recorded 20 fatalities: 13 military personnel,
3 international civilian personnel and 4 local civilian personnel. The approved budget for
the mission between 1 July 2007 and 30 June 2008 was $118.99 million.[citation needed]
The border between Ethiopia and Eritrea has remained closed and thousands of people
live in refugee camps while perhaps a million people remain displaced. In October 2005,
the Eritrean government restricted UNMEE helicopter flights along the border and
demanded the reduction of the UNMEE force by 300 staffers. Eritrea also restricted
movement of ground patrols inside the buffer zone. United Nations Security Council
Resolution 1640 in November 2005 threatened sanctions on both parties if there was no
resolution. In September 2007, United Nations special envoy to the Horn of Africa, Kjell
Magne Bondevik, warned that war could resume between Ethiopia and Eritrea over their
border conflict. In November, Eritrea accepted the border line demarcated by the
international boundary commission, which was rejected by Ethiopia. In January 2008 the
UN extended the mandate of peacekeepers on Ethiopia-Eritrea border for six months,
and UN Security Council demanded Eritrea lift fuel restrictions imposed on UN
peacekeepers at the Eritrea-Ethiopia border area. Eritrea declined, saying troops must
leave border, and in February the UN began pulling out the 1,700-strong peacekeeper
force due to lack of fuel supplies following Eritrean government restrictions. In April, UN
Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon warned of the likelihood of new war between Ethiopia
and Eritrea if peacekeeping mission is withdrawn completely, and outlines options for
the future of the UN mission in the two countries. In May, Eritrea called on UN to
terminate the peacekeeping mission.[6] The mission was ended with effect from 31 July
2008 with a UNSC resolution adopted on 30 July 2008. Peacekeepers had been driven
from the border zone by Eritrea by February 2008, and Ethiopia had refused to accept a
binding International Court of Justice ruling on the border issue. There are fears that this
may set a precedent to show that a country can force out UN peacekeepers. Analysts
also fear a new war may erupt between Ethiopia and Eritrea over the border dispute.[7]
Eritrea has, however, tried to allay fears over a new war.[8]
05:46
has been a member of the United Nations since June 26, 1945.[1] The membership
stipulated to prevent from external attacks and invasions and to maintain envisaged
"collective security" despite the being ineffective and the League shortcomings following
Italian invasion of the country in 1935. Since 1950s, Ethiopia dispatched its first
peacekeeping forces to Korea and Congo and evolved in personnels after 1990s missions
some African states. Currently, Ethiopia has 80,000 peacekeeping active forces. The UN
largely covers development and humanitarian plan in Ethiopia. The UN Country Team
(UNCT) composed of 28 UN funds representatives and programmes specialized
agencies. Currently, Ethiopia is non- member of the UN Security Council with auspices of
regional organizations like the African Union and the Intergovernmental Authority on
Development (IGAD). History After World War I, Ethiopia was one of few independent
African countries when it was accepted into League of Nations on 28 September 1923,
by unanimous vote at the League General Assembly. It was not colonized by European
powers during the 19th century Scramble for Africa. Historians argued that Ethiopia's
membership to the League was to prevent external attacks and invasions in line with
covenant of the organization.[1] Membership to the League of Nations did not deter the
Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and subsequent Italian invasion of the country,
which "collective security" envisaged by the League did not meet requirement and
ineffective for both protection and invasion. The failure of the League remained Ethiopia
badly damaged and less reputable regarding the international organization. After
liberation, in 1950s and 1960s, Ethiopia dispatched its first peacekeeping missions to
Korea (to Korean War) and Congo (Congo Crisis). Since 1990s, Ethiopia has sent forces to
UN operations in Rwanda, Burundi, Liberia, Cote D'Ivoire, Sudan, South Sudan and
Somalia. Currently, Ethiopia has over 8,000 peacekeeping forces operating in different
UN missions, becoming the largest personnel estimating around 80,000 since 1950s.[1]
Mandate The UN is largely covers development and humanitarian assistance for Ethiopia,
becoming the largest system in the world. The UN Country Team (UNCT) in Ethiopia
composed of 28 UN funds representatives and programs specialized agencies.[2] Some
of UN agencies in the UNCT have regional mandate or act as liaison office to the United
Nations Commission in Africa and the African Union. The UN works to support Ethiopia
with two developmental framework: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and national
development priorities. The UN also aimed for developing the United Nations
Sustainable Development Cooperation.[2][3] On 29 November 2020, the Government of
Ethiopia signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Enhanced Coordinated Mechanism
for Humanitarian Access (MoU) in the Tigray Region with UN agencies. This MoU
entrusts these agencies for providing humanitarian assistance to the affected population
during the Tigray War.[4] UN Security Council Despite Ethiopia has been non-permanent
member of the United Nations Security Council in the past, the country is responsible for
member of global community under the auspices of the United Nations and continental
and regional organizations such as the African Union and the Intergovernmental
Authority on Development (IGAD).[4] References
05:47
The UN System in Ethiopia is one of the largest in the world and covers both
development and humanitarian assistance. The UN Country Team (UNCT) in Ethiopia is
composed of representatives of 28 UN funds and programmes and specialized agencies.
05:49
The United Nations in Ethiopia Ethiopia is a founding member of the United Nations.
The UN System in Ethiopia is one of the largest in the world and covers both
development and humanitarian assistance. The UN Country Team (UNCT) in Ethiopia is
composed of representatives of 28 UN funds and programmes and specialized agencies.
Some of the UN agencies in the UNCT have regional mandate or act as liaison offices to
the UN Economic Commission in Africa and the African Union. The UN works through a
harmonized assistance framework to support Ethiopia to deliver the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) and national development priorities. The UN in Ethiopia is
also in the process of developing the United Nations Sustainable Development
Cooperation Framework. Milestones The United Nations helps to strengthen the
country’s capacity to generate and manage data and to use it to inform decision making
and policy development. The support includes implementation of the National Statistical
Development Strategy II; preparation of the Voluntary National Review report on the
SDGs; completion of the Ethiopian 2016 Demographic and Health Survey; as well as the
preparations for the upcoming Census in Ethiopia. The UN supports to move the
agriculture sector toward climate smart and productivity through establishing and
strengthening the Agricultural Transformation Agency and modernization of the
agriculture sector through mass procurement of machinery for the Ethiopian agricultural
research centers. The United Nations generates evidence including a gender gap
analysis of the public finance management system of Ethiopia (2018), a gender statistics
report (2017) and an assessment report on the gender responsive budgeting that are
essential for policy decision making on gender equality and women empowerment. The
UN supported the implementation of a Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework
(CRRF) that aims to deliver a more predictable and sustainable approach to refugee
management for refugees’ self-reliance, enhanced basic and social services for refugees
and the realization of basic rights including access to birth certification and increased
enrolment in education. The United Nations has supported Ethiopia to boost its
industrial and service sector growth and increasing employment opportunities for
women, youth and vulnerable groups. Interventions are giving micro, small- and
medium-sized enterprises, including small farming businesses, the skills and capacities
they need to produce. The United Nations has coordinated effective humanitarian
response to recurrent drought and internally displaced people (IDPs). In 2018, the UN
closely worked with the Ethiopian government, donors and partners to provide
humanitarian assistance to 7.9 million people.