inca/k

'kCn vkSj in& in dh jpuk ,d 'kCn ls gksrh gSA tc fdlh 'kCn dk iz;ksx
okD; esa fd;k tkrk gS rks og igys in curk gSA 'kCn Lora= vkSj lkFkZd /ofu
lewg gS] tcfd okD; esa iz;qDr mldk O;kogkfjd vkSj vuq'kkflr :i in dk
dk;Z djrk gSA
¼v½ ';ke vPNk yM+dk gSA
¼c½ Xokyk vkt ugha vk;kA
¼l½ yM+fd;ksa dks vanj cqyk ykvksA
mi;qZDr okD;ksa esa ^';ke*] ^Xokyk*] ^yM+fd;ksa* 'kCn laKk gSA bUgha okD;ksa dks fuEu
izdkj fy[kus ls ,d uohurk vk tkrh gS&
¼v½ cjkcj ds edku esa jgus okyk ';ke vPNk yM+dk gSA
¼c½ jkstkuk nw/k nsus okyk Xokyk vkt ugha vk;kA
mi;qZDr mnkgj.kksa esa ^cjkcj ds edku esa jgus okyk*] ^jkst nw/k nsus okyk*
rFkk ^cxhps esa xkus okyh* in lewg Øe'k% ';ke] Xokyk rFkk yM+fd;ksa ls tqM+dj
,d O;kdjf.kd bdkbZ cu jgs gSaA ,d ls vf/kd inksa ds lewg dks inca/k dgk
tkrk gSA
ifjHkk"kk& okD; esa dksbZ ,d O;kdjf.kd dk;Z djus okys
,dkf/kd inksa ds lewg dks inca/k dgrs gSaA
vFkok
inksa ds ,sls lewg ¼ca/k½ dks tks ijLij feydj ogh O;kdjf.kd
izdk;Z djs tks vdsyk ,d ^in* djrk gSA
inca/k esa fodkjh rFkk vfodkjh nksuksa izdkj ds 'kCn gks ldrs gSa
vkSj os lHkh feydj vius O;kdjf.kd dk;Z dk laiknu djrs gSaA
jpuk dh n`f"V ls inca/k esa rhu ckrsa izeq[k gSa&
¼1½ buesa ,d ls vf/kd in gksrs gSaA
¼2½ ;s in bl izdkj ls lEc) gksrs gSa fd muls ,d bdkbZ cu
tkrh gSA
¼3½ ;g fdlh okD; dk va'k ek= gksrk gSA
'kh"kZ in vkSj vkfJr in& inca/k esa Hkh ,d 'kh"kZ in gksrk
gSA og vU; inksa dk vk/kkj ;k dsUnz gksrk gSA 'ks"k in ij
vkfJr gksrs gSaA tSls& n'kjFk&iq= jke us jko.k dks ekjkA
^n'kjFk&iq= jke* esa ^jke* 'kh"kZ&in gSA ^n'kjFk&iq=*
^jke* ij vkfJr gSA 'kh"kZ in dks fuEu fp= ls le>k tk
ldrk gS&
n'kjFk & iq= jke
 inca/k ds izdkj (Kinds of Phrase)
inca/k ik¡p izdkj ds gksrs gSa& budk ukedj.k eq[; in ds vuqlkj gksrk gSA
1- laKk inca/k (Noun Phrases) 2- loZuke inca/k (Pronoun Phrase)
3- fo'ks"k.k inca/k (Adjective Phrase) 4- fØ;k inca/k (Verb Phrase)
5- fØ;k&fo'ks"k.k inca/k (Indeclinable Phrase)
¼1½ laKk inca/k& okD; esa lKk inksa dk dke djus okys inca/k laKk inca/k
dgykrs gSaA ftl izdkj laKk 'kCnksa ds lkFk fHkUu&fHkUu dkjd fpg~uksa dk
iz;ksx gksrk gSA mlh izdkj laKk inca/k esa Hkh fHkUu&fHkUu dkjdksa dk iz;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA tSls&
¼1½ cjkcj ds dejs esa jgus okyk jke Nr ls fxj x;kA
¼2½ f'k{kk iznku djus okys v/;kidksa dk gesa lEeku djuk pkfg,A
¼3½ izfrfnu O;k;ke djus okys yksx LoLFk jgrs gSaA
¼4½ vkxjk esa fLFkr rktegy vR;Ur lqUnj bekjr gSA
¼5½ n'kjFk iq= jke us jko.k dks ekj fxjk;kA
¼2½ loZuke inca/k& okD; esa loZuke in dk dk;Z djus okys
inca/k ^loZuke* inca/k dgykrs gSaA
tc dksbZ lewg in okD; esa loZuke dk dke nsrk gS] mls
loZuke inca/k dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k&
¼1½ ckgj ls vk, gq, Nk=ksa esa dqN ekalkgkjh gSA
¼2½ tks yM+dh dy vkbZ Fkh og dkuiqj esa jgrh gSA
¼3½ ijs'kkuh esa my>k gqvk og esjh dqN Hkh enn ugha dj
ldkA
¼4½ vkids fe=ksa esa ls dksbZ le; ij ugha igq¡pkA
¼5½ 'ksj dh rjg ngkM+us okys rqe dk¡i D;ksa jgs gks \
¼3½ fo'ks"k.k inca/k& okD; esa tc dksbZ in lewg fdlh laKk
vFkok loZuke dh fo'ks"krk dk cks/k djk, rks og fo'ks"k.k inca/k
dgykrk gSA tSls&
mnkgj.k&
¼1½ xhr xkrh gqbZ fL=;k¡ ikuh Hkjus tk jgh gSaA
¼2½ 'ksj dh rjg ngkM+us okys rqe dk¡i D;ksa jgs gks \
¼3½ nhu nqf[k;ksa ij vlk/kkj.k nok fn[kkus okys vki lPps
ns'kHkDr gSaA
¼4½ cjkcj ds dejs esa jgus okyk vkneh Nr ls fxj x;kA
¼5½ esjs fnYyh okys fe= us eq>s ,d lfp= rFkk eksVh iqLrd nh
FkhA
¼4½ fØ;k inca/k& tc dksbZ in lewg okD; esa fØ;k dk dke
djrk gS] rks og fØ;k inca/k dgykrk gSA
,dkf/kd fØ;kinksa ls cuus okys fØ;k&:iksa dks
fØ;k&inca/k dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k&
¼1½ Nk= i<+dj lks x;k gSA
¼2½ eSa i<+ ldrk gw¡A
¼3½ rqe dke djuk pkgrs gksA
¼4½ dqlqe dye ls i= fy[k jgh gSA
¼5½ js[kk us [kkuk [kk fy;k gSA
¼5½ fØ;k fo'ks"k.k inca/k vFkok vO;; inca/k& tc dksbZ in
lewg o fØ;kfo'ks"k.k vFkok vO;; dk dke nsrs gSa rks fØ;k&fo'ks"k.k
vFkok vO;; inca/k dgykrs gSaA
fØ;kfo'ks"k.k dh txg iz;qDr gksus okys ,dkf/kd inksa dk
lewg fØ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/k dgykrk gSA
^fØ;kfo'ks"k.k* os 'kCn gSa tks fØ;k dh fo'ks"krk ¼jhfr] LFkku]
le;] vkfn½ crkrs gSa] tSls& rsth ls ¼jhfr½] cgqr ¼ifjek.k½]
ckjh&ckjh ls ¼de½] vPNk ¼xq.k½] b/kj&m/kj ¼fn'kk½ nks cts ¼le;½ ]
;gk¡&ogk¡ ¼LFkku½ vkfnA

fØ;kfo'ks"k.k inca/k esa 'kh"kZ ds LFkku ij dksbZ fØ;kfo'ks"k.k 'kCn gh

vkrk gSA blds eq[; rhu Hksn gSa&
¼1½ le;okpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k
¼2½ LFkkuokpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k
¼3½ jhfrokpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k
¼1½ le;okpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k&
1- va/ksjk gks tkus ds ckn ?kj ls ckgj ugha fudyuk pkfg,A
2- pkj fnu ls eSa mldh izrh{kk dj jgk gw¡A
¼2½ LFkkuokpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k&
1- ?kj ds ihNs dh vksj unh gSA
2- ml igkM+h ds ihNs esjk Ldwy gSA
¼3½ jhfrokpd fØ;kfo'ks"k.k&
1- fcuk lksps le>s rqe ;g dke dj jgs gksA
2- og /khjs&/khjs cM+cM+krk gqvk tk jgk FkkA
fØ;k&fo'ks"k.k inca/k ds vU; mnkgj.k&
1- d'ehj ls dU;kdqekjh rd Hkkjr ,d gSA
2- fiNys fnuksa dh vis{kk vkt xehZ vf/kd gSA
3- og igys ls cgqr /khjs cksyhA
4- fe=eaMyh ds lkFk jke ?kj ij cSBk gSA
5- fuR;izfr dh Hkk¡fr og Ldwy pyk x;kA
fuEufyf[kr inca/kksa ds uke fyf[k,&
¼1½ ckyd nw/k ih jgk FkkA
¼2½ fe= e.Myh ds lkFk nhid cktkj x;k gSA
¼3½ lsok dk;Z esa yxs jgus okys dHkh Qy dh dkeuk ugha djrsA
¼4½ Qjhnkckn esa jgus okyh lkfo=h us uxj fuxe dk pquko yM+kA
¼5½ n'kjFk&iq= jke us jko.k dks ekjkA
¼6½ og yM+dh pyrh tk jgh gSA
¼7½ vkidks lqukbZ iM+ jgk gSA
¼8½ Jhyadk ls vk, gq, f[kykM+h v'kksd gksVy esa Bgjs gSaA
¼9½ og rks fgju dh rjg Nyk¡x yxkrk gSA
¼10½ gjs&gjs dPps dsyksa dk D;k djksxs \