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QB-SQ Ch05 Food and humans

Short Question

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Vegetarians eat only foods of plant origin.
a. Vegetarians are often recommended to include beans or bean products in
their diets. Explain why. (2 marks)
b. Foods of plant origin usually contain a lot of dietary fibre. What is the
function of dietary fibre in our body? (2 marks)

Ans
a. Most foods of plant origin are low in protein content. 1m
Bean or bean products are rich in proteins. Including them in the diets
ensures the vegetarians get enough proteins. 1m
b. Dietary fibre holds a lot of water. 1m
This allows the faeces to remain soft. 1m

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 OR
Dietary fibre adds bulk to food 1m
to stimulate its movement along the gut / peristalsis. 1m

[10146626]
You are given three test tubes, each containing one of the following three
solutions but without labelling:
albumin, sucrose, invertase
Albumin is a plasma protein and invertase is an enzyme that catalyses the
breakdown of sucrose.
Describe how you can use Benedict’s solution and protein test paper to
identify
the solution in each test tube. State clearly the procedures and the results of
the
tests. (5 marks)

Ans
Dip the test ends of the protein test paper into the three solutions. 1m
The solution that does not lead to a colour change in the test end of the
test paper is
sucrose solution. 1m
Mix the two unknown solutions with an equal volume of sucrose solution
and wait for
30 minutes. 1m
Add Benedict’s solution to the two mixtures and boil the mixtures for 5
minutes. 1m
The one that gives a brick-red precipitate with sucrose solution is
invertase, while the
one that does not give a brick-red precipitate with sucrose solution is
albumin. 1m

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a. i. 381.7 g 1m
ii. 166.7 g 1m
b. ‘Healthy’ burger contains less lipids. 1m

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a Fructose 1m
b Hydrolysis 1m

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 c i Boil the solution with Benedict’s solution. 1m
If the products, which are reducing sugars, are present in the solution, a
brick-red precipitate will be formed. 1m
ii Dip the test end of protein test paper into the solution. 1m
If the enzyme, which is a protein, is present in the solution, a colour
change
will be observed. 1m

[10146663]
Sucrose, a disaccharide, can be broken down into monosaccharides. The
reaction
is catalysed by invertase. A student carried out an experiment. He first
tested
whether sucrose is a reducing sugar.
a i Describe a test that can be carried out to find out whether a sugar is a
reducing sugar. (3 marks)
ii State the result of the test on sucrose. (1 mark)
The student then mixed the sucrose solution with invertase. The mixture was
left
at room temperature for 5 minutes. The test described in a i was carried out
on
the mixture.
b State and explain the result of the test. (2 marks)

Ans

a i Mix equal volumes of the sugar solution and Benedict’s solution in a

test tube. 1m
Boil the mixture in a water bath for 5 minutes. 1m
If the sugar is a reducing sugar, a brick-red precipitate will be formed.
1m
ii No brick-red precipitate is formed. 1m
b A brick-red precipitate was formed. 1m
Sucrose was broken down into glucose and fructose, which are reducing
sugars. 1m

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a The DCPIP solution changes from blue to colourless. 1m

b Y, Z, X 1m
c No 1m
Boiling destroys vitamin C. Therefore, the colour of the DCPIP solution
will not
change. 1m

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Calcium and iron are two essential minerals.

a Calcium is one of the main components of some tissues in our body. Give
two examples of these tissues. (2 marks)
b Name the molecule in blood that contains iron. (1 mark)
c What diseases may result if a person is deficient in calcium and iron?

Ans
a Bones and teeth 1m x 2
b Haemoglobin 1m
c A deficiency in calcium may lead to rickets. 1m
A deficiency in iron may lead to anaemia. 1m

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a Dipeptide 1m
Water 1m
b Peptide bond 1m

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a Give two functions of lipids in the human body. (2 marks)
b More carbohydrates could be found in liver tissue than in heart tissue.
Suggest a reason for this. (1 mark)
c State one health problem that may arise if we have improper diet. How is
the problem caused? (2 marks)

Ans

[10146749]

a) Describe how you would test for the presence of lipids in a liquid food
sample. (4 marks)
b) Lipids can provide more than twice the amount of energy of

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 carbohydrates
per gram. Would you advise people to take in more lipids to replace the
carbohydrates to provide energy? Explain your answer. (2 marks)

Ans
a) Add a drop of the liquid food sample on a piece of filter paper. 1m
Let the drop dry in the air for 20 minutes and observe any translucent
spot. 1m
Immerse the filter paper into an organic solvent. Let it dry and observe
again.
1m
If lipids are present in the liquid food, a translucent spot will be formed
on the filter
paper. The spot will disappear after the paper is immersed into the
solvent. 1m
b) No. Taking in too much lipids can lead to high blood cholesterol
levels. 1m
High blood cholesterol levels will increase the risk of heart attack and
stroke.
1m

[Structure Question]

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 📒 QB-Essay Ch05 Food and humans
MCQ / Short Q / Structure Q

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