NEW MOVEMENT

According to academics, Rizal's execution sparked a larger uprising against the

Spanish authorities. The Philippine Revolution, which started in 1896 under the leadership of
heroes like Bonifacio, involved numerous conflicts with Spanish forces on various fronts. By
1898, Spain was engaged in the Spanish-American War and battling to put an end to the
rebellion in the Philippines.
After several decades, the Philippines began to move forward to independence
under the charismatic leadership of nationalists like Jose Rizal, who was sentenced to be
executed in 1896. But the Philippines were given to the USA after Spain lost the battle against
Cuba. The Americans encouraged quick political, economic, and social development by
characterizing their position as one of conservatorship and mentorship.
Fundamentally, on May 1, 1898, the Philippines saw the Battle of Manila Bay
altered both the history of the United States and its relations with Southeast Asia. Spanish
colonialism in the Philippines was dissolved in the following months, and American sovereignty
took its place. As a result of this transformation, the United States (US) became, for the first
time, the ruler of a far-off region rather than a republic based on the consent of the governed.
A running theme in the history of the Philippine City Beautiful is the year 1905,
the cities of Manila and Baguio, and the urban architect Daniel Burnham. The Filipinization of
city planning by the colonization public sector after 1916 is still an underdeveloped aspect of
development history. Given the power mediation between Americans and Filipinos in the years
leading up to the founding of the Philippine Commonwealth in 1935, this study examined the
planning strategies used by the Bureau of Public Works Division of Architecture, which was
directed by a Filipino from 1919 on.
Filipino migrants to the United States between 1903 and 1956 were government
scholars and workers. Their experiences and roles in the Philippines were unique in the two
cases. In evaluating the impact of these migrants on their place of origin, the essay raises the
question of whether they are rooted in or estranged from Filipino culture.
Due to the fact that these students were paying for their education through the
colonial administration, they were known as Pensionados. Since the program's goal was to teach
the students about the United States, the majority of the degrees they acquired were in
government and administration. to ensure that they could run the government in the same way
when they returned to the Philippines.
There were no architecture schools in the Philippines during the Spanish era. Being
a Maestro de Obra was the closest thing a Filipino could come to the title of an architect or
practicing architecture. Felix Roxas y Arroyo, who attended school in London and started his
architectural firm in 1858, was the first Filipino architect.
The "second generation" of architects—Andres Luna de San Pedro, Fernando
Ocampo, Pablo Antonio, and Juan F. Nakpil—emerged in the late 1920s and early 1930s and
popularized the Art Deco style, which is distinguished by extravagant exoticism and
ornamentation. The ELPO Building and the Bautista-Nakpil Pylon are two examples of buildings
with Art Deco facades.
Similar to the preceding Arts and Crafts Movement, Art Nouveau, the curvilinear
Art Nouveau design style, and the German Bauhaus design school concept, Art Deco integrated
both fines and applied arts. In addition to the decorative arts of architecture, painting, and
graphics, it was also used in the applied decorative arts of jewelry, textiles, fashion, and
industrial design.
The art movement known as ART Deco was first introduced during a 1925 Paris
exhibition. Although it peaked in popularity throughout the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, Art Deco
had been a movement in the works for more than a decade before it was officially declared. Art
Deco was once thought to be a very ornamental art form, but artists rapidly experimented with
other design, painting, furniture, architectural, and building genres within its aesthetic
boundaries.
Despite various efforts by the Standing Committee for Culture and the Arts to
save it, the Manila Jai Alai structure was destroyed in 2000. In the 1930s and 1940s, the
Philippines underwent an art deco architectural transformation as a result of the construction of
several art deco-inspired constructions.