DESCRIPTION OF TRENDS FOR ROMANIA (2011-2020)

Total Fertility Rate:

The total fertility rate in Romania in 2011 was 2.83 births per woman, which was considerably
reducing with a sharp drop from the year 2012 to 2013, afterwards a gradual reduction continued
up till 2020. The reduction in the fertility rates observed will lead children to have fewer siblings
or to have no siblings at all; (low birth rate) which can be attributed to the following factors:

 Education and Empowerment of Women

 Access to Contraception
 Urbanization
 Economic Development:
 Delayed Marriage and Childbearing
 Changes in Cultural Norms
 Women's Participation in the Labor Force
 Infant and Child Mortality Reduction
 Social and Economic Pressures
 Government Policies

Total Fertility Rate in Romania (2011-

Number of Children birth per

2020)
3.00
woman

2.00

1.00

0.00
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Year

Crude Birth Rate:

The observation from the results of the crude birth rate is similar to the results obtained from
the total fertility rate. The rate was sustained at the global crude birth rate in 2016 of 19 per
1,000 populations but suddenly dropped at 2013 to 9.03 which is considered low. From the
results observed we can say that the women in Romania give births to not many children in their
lifetime.
 Crude Birth Rate in Romania (per 1000
population)
25.00
Birth per 1000 population

20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Year

Mean Age at childbirth compared with Mean Age at first order childbirth of Romania:
In Romania, the age of women at childbirth was observed from 2011 to 2020. Interestingly, the
average age (28.45 years) for women at childbirth was almost identical in 2018 and 2020, the
same was observed for the average age (26.29) in 2013 and 2019 mean age at first childbirth.
The graph below shows MAB at childbirth steadily increasing age at childbirth in Romania from
2011 up till 2018, afterwards a decline and recovery in 2020. In 2012 the average age for women
having their first born child was 27.57 years, and the average age for first childbirth declined to
26.29 years in 2013. From 2013 to 2018 the average age for the first born child plateaued around
27.09 years of age, with a sharp drop and recovery between 2019 to 2020.

Mean Age at childbirth compared with Mean

Age at first order childbirth of Romania (2011-
2020)
29.00
28.50
Age of Children

28.00
27.50
27.00
26.50
26.00
25.50
25.00
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

MAB MAB(1ST)
Gross and Net Reproduction rates (GRR and NRR:
The GRR was observed from 2011 as 1.38 which signifies that each generation is replacing itself
and continues to decrease below 1 up till 2013 as 0.54 with a steady flow observed from 2013 till
2020 which signifies that there the population of Romania between 2013 to 2020 is declining.
The NRR is similar to the GRR with a struggle to increase to from 0.95 in 2011 to 1 but suddenly
declined 0.44 in 2013 from 0.98 in 2012 and a steady flow up till 2020 which also signifies a
declining population.

GROSS AND NET REPRODUCTION RATES,

ROMANIA (2011-2020)
1.50
GRR and NRR

1.00

0.50

0.00
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year

GRR NRR

General Fertility Rates:

This trend was able to help observe the reproductive behavior of Romania population between
the period of 2011 to 2020 for ages 15-49. The GFR observed considerably grew from 2011 to
2012 but suddenly declined from 83.21 (2012) to 40.29 (2013) and plateaued till 45.24 in 2020.

General Fertility Rate in Romania (2011-2020)

100.00
Children per woman

80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Year
Age specific fertility rate:

 The fertility rate is a measure of the annual number of births to women of a specified age
or age group, per 1,000 women in age group 15-49.
 The chart shows the age-specific fertility rates for calendar years between 2011 and 2020.
 The rates for women under 20, as well as those aged 40 and over, are based on the female
populations aged 15 to 19 and 44 to 49, respectively.
The graph below depicts a consistent and gradual decline in fertility over time. The reduction in
ASFR was most significant from 2012. However, the decline in ASFRs in 2012–13 and 2017–18
was negligible among middle age groups (30–34 years) and older age groups (25–29 years), while
substantial decline was observed among old-aged age groups (35–39 years). The fertility rate was
highest among women aged 25–29, with most women achieving their desired number of children
by age 39. After age 29, fertility started declining, and this decline tended to become more
pronounced as woman’s age increased.

Age Specific Fertility Rates, 2011-2020

(Romania)
180.00
160.00
140.00
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49