CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM: RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND

Since they are on a crucial crossroads in their life, today’s young people

are often misunderstood, alienated from their elders. The irony is, their elders

(their parents, their teachers, their spiritual advisers) are the very people who

could guide them and lead them to the straight-and-narrow path (philstar.com).

Campus Ministry, as a concept, has been evolving through the years,

adapting to the changing times and the changing needs of today’s youth. In this

fast-paced, frenzied world, it is imperative for the Church (in the macro level) and

the Campus Ministry movement (in the micro level) to engage the youth in active

dialogue and to address their needs and concerns in the process (philstar.com).

Campus ministry is an important missional opportunity in developing

young adult leaders. The current generation of college students is the largest

since the Baby Boom, but the lowest percentage to grow up in church. The

campus ministry and spiritual life is a missional outpost to the campus. Colleges

are mini-cities with residents who have their own language, rules and values.

Campus ministries are important in developing young adult leaders. A campus

ministry is a gathered community of traditional aged students for worship,

service, small groups and fellowship. (greatplainsumc.org)

Spiritual growth in the same way is a journey with many twists and turns.

But there are clear stages we can recognize on our path to spiritual wholeness.

Spiritual growth can be achieved in many ways. There is no prescribed path that

leads to enlightenment. In addition, the journey can sometimes feel like two steps

1
forward followed by three steps backward. The stage you are at is not

necessarily that important. However, it is nice to check where you are on your

journey to see how far you have come and what might be round the next corner.

Essentially, student affairs professionals, in tandem with the faculty, are

the lifeblood of the institution and the front line of student support and advocacy.

Student affairs professionals and practitioners, however, often neglect a very

important aspect of many students' lives: religion, faith, spirituality, and overall

spiritual development of college students. This leads to a critical aspect of

student development essentially being unaddressed, and therefore a drift from

developing the whole student. . Despite these issues, it is important that a

student's spirituality is an essential component of a student's overall development

while in college, therefore deserves appropriate attention and research (Zachary

D. Samples, 2016).

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this study was to determine and gain understanding of the

impacts of campus ministry involvement on students’ spiritual development.

Specifically, this study aimed to answer the following questions:

1. What are the programs, events or activities that this campus ministry is

conducting that impact the lives of these college students?

2. How do students describe the way campus ministry organizations help

them develop their faith, leadership and relationship in the campus, family

and community?

2
 3. What are impacts of campus ministry involvement on the spiritual

development of selected college students of Mindanao State University

General Santos City Campus?

Theoretical Framework

The campus ministry is one of the instruments that brings impact to the

continuous development of the students as they pursue their education. Many

students are seeking more ways to grow than just going to school and

accomplish things concerning academic activities. They not just want to learn

and grow intellectually but they also want to develop personally in their own faith

and spirituality.

Fowler's Stages of Faith. Generally considered to be the foremost

authority on spiritual development, James W. Fowler's theory of faith

development was first published, in book form, in 1981 (as cited in Evans,

Forney, Guido, Patton, & Renn, 2010) when he published Stages of Faith. This

proved to be a watershed moment in the faith development literature. Fowler

began formulating his theory shortly following his training as a Methodist minister

while working with both Methodist clergy members and Methodist laypeople at a

Methodist retreat center (as cited in Evans et al., 2010). Fowler's (1981) theory of

faith development is closely related to, and loosely based upon, Erik Erikson's

theory of identity development, Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral

development, and Jean Piaget's theory of intellectual development.

3
 Parks's Faith Development Theory. A second, widely accepted, theory

of faith and spiritual development was developed by Sharon Daloz Parks in two

books: The Critical Years: Young Adults and the Search for Meaning, Faith, and

Commitment (1986), and Big Questions, Worthy Dreams: Mentoring Young

Adults in Their Search for Meaning, Purpose, and Faith (2000) (as cited in Evans

et a!., 20 I 0). Parks bases her theory on her firsthand experience working with

students in higher education and religious settings throughout the course of her

professional life (as cited in Evans eta!., 2010).

Character Development. Several studies suggest that campus ministry

involvement leads to a better sense of worldview and pro-social character

development. For example, Jenney (2012) hypothesized that students involved in

campus ministry organizations experience a heightened sense of what she

referred to as pro-social character development. According to Jenney (2012),

character development is largely based upon spiritual identity, and that campus

ministry involvement, in addition to strong spirituality, directly leads to a better

sense of personal character. Overall, Jenney's hypothesis that a higher sense of

spirituality and spiritual activity leads to a stronger character proved to be correct

in nearly every level of pro-social character development.

4
 Campus
MInistry Spiritual
Development
Faith
Development
Character
Development
Leadership
Students Relationship

Figure 1 Shows the parameter of the study.

Assumptions

The research study is anchored on the assumption that the respondents

are honest in expressing their thoughts, perception and testimonies on how the

campus ministry impacts their life. They can tell their story before they become a

member of the organization and what development or changes they experienced

or still experiencing while they continue to participate and contribute in the

campus ministry. The selected students can also testify how they are

transformed, grown and personally, socially and spiritually developed through the

programs and activities this campus ministry is conducting.

Significance of the Study

Youth was said to be the hope of the country, so the need to pursue the

program of developing students to be responsible leaders of the community is

5
now on high demand. The creation of campus ministries is one of the answer to

reinforce these programs because one of the aspect of human development that

could bring great impact to the turnaround of ones way of life is through

developing the spiritual life of the students. Campus ministry coordinators and

ministers try to seek more ways on how to reach out students and training them

to grow in their individual capacities and passion towards spiritual development.

These trainings help students not only in their spiritual development but also

training them to be the future leaders.

The findings of this study benefit several audiences. Campus ministry

organizations and campus ministry staffs will benefit due to the fact that the

findings will assist them in their efforts to foster the spiritual development of

college students. The findings will help campus ministry organization at this

institution to refine their approach to ensure that they are accomplishing their

own aims and goals and will provide greater opportunity to raise up more

students leader that are growing socially and spiritually through new ideas and

programs that will be organized or conducted. Student affairs professionals at

this institution will also benefit from the findings of this study. As it will assist

these professionals in their endeavors to encourage the holistic development of

their students through multiple avenues of development, focusing or paying

attention to the needs of the students as they pursue their education and

preparing for their future.

Scope and Limitations

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 Due to the qualitative nature of the study, and the fact that the sample was

comprised of a limited number of students, one limitation was the

representativeness of the sample to the larger population of students involved in

campus ministry. This study focuses only on the impacts of being involved in

campus ministry on the spiritual development of the selected students. While this

type of study can never be generalizable, every effort was made to ensure that

the sample was representative. The study was conducted on a state university

based in General Santos City, a city in south-central part of Mindanao,

Philippines.

Definition of Terms

Campus Ministry. Any student-based religious and/or spiritual organization that

exists solely to foster the spiritual growth and development of students.

Faith. The generally strong belief and feelings that a higher power, especially

God, exists and intervenes on behalf of the individual in times of need and in

times of positivity in the individual’s life.

Spiritual Development. The process by which individuals develop their own

personal spiritual awareness through ideas of faith, religion, and belief or

disbelief in a higher power.

Spirituality. This refers to the process by which individuals construct knowledge

and meaning, and how individuals connect themselves to the world.

Student affairs professional. A person employed by the school, college or

university who focuses on the holistic development and academic success of the

7
students by linking experiences occurring inside the confines of the classroom

with experiences occurring outside of the classroom.

Character. This refers to the way someone thinks, feels, and behaves

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes the studies and literature related to the present

study that may of great help in the process of determining the desired outcome of

the study.

Why Campus Ministry Is Important To Me

And why it should be important to the church

Elizabeth Cribbs, 23 May 2016 // At Murray State University

I grew up as a preacher’s kid. I was in the church building every time the

doors were open and sometimes even when they weren’t. I know all the Bible

stories and can recite all the right scriptures. However, growing up as a PK,

church was just something I had to do. My faith was my father’s, not my own. I

was held to unreasonable standards of living just because of whose daughter I

happened to be. I was always being watched. I couldn’t wait to get to college and

be free from the microscope that I was always under. I came to Murray State

thinking that I was just going to take a break from church for a while. Then I

found Murray Christian Fellowship.

I walked into MCF hoping to just slip into the background, unnoticed, and

to continue to live my life the way I wanted. When I walked into the house on my

8
first day, I was met with a very different scene. Every person in the room said

hello to me. Within five minutes of being there, I felt like I had found what I had

been searching for my whole life; somewhere to really belong.

I have been a part of MCF for almost two years now. I am a member of

the leadership team and I am a regular attender. My faith has become more than

just my father’s. It is mine. I am able to be, for the first time in my life, more than

just the PK. I am still held to a higher standard, but it is because I proclaim myself

as a Christian, not because of my parents. I have a support system full of fellow

believers who share the same love in Christ that I do. When I struggle with daily

life, I have people who want to share in my struggles and help me through them.

I belong.

Knowing that I have people willing to help me through any obstacle in my

life is a great feeling. Murray Christian Fellowship gave me a family and a home

when I can’t be with my family. Through this group I have gained lifelong

friendships and relationships with people I never would have expected to be

close with. I have a deeper faith that is my own. Church isn’t something I have to

do anymore. It is something I look forward to doing. Wednesday night is the best

part about my week and it’s all because I took a chance on a small group of

college-aged Christians known as Murray Christian Fellowship.

5 Reasons to Get Involved In a Campus Ministry

Molly George

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 As midterm season approaches, it's hard to believe that half of another

semester is over. As a freshman, I remember being so worried at this point of my

college career. Everyone else seemed to be finding his or her "group," and I was

still searching for a small group of people to call friends. It felt like I would never

find the right people that would be at the center of all my college stories for years

to come.

Now, as a sophomore, with the wealth of knowledge I have obtained

(haha), I can see things a little differently.

So, it's not the first week of school and there won't be activities fairs or sign-ups

for clubs every single day, but it isn't too late to get involved. It is never too late to

get involved on campus. One of the most influential parts of my college

experience this far has been my involvement in a campus ministry. I didn't get

involved right away, though. It took me an entire semester to find this group, and

finding them has not only impacted my college life, but also my life outside of

campus. Here are a few reasons why I believe it is absolutely vital for young

Christians to get involved in a campus ministry.

1. You Cannot Do It Alone

It is so important to have a community of believers around you when given

this new found independence. College is an amazing time of new things and

without a steady group of people to hold you accountable, it is so easy to lose

focus. Those involved in a campus ministry will be your supporters. They will be

the ones praying for you and with you. It is incredibly difficult to keep a steady

relationship with Christ without a group of people supporting your choices.

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2. Get in the Routine of Worship

College is so busy. From classes to homework to part time jobs to

managing a social calendar, it is easy for God to slip to the bottom of your

schedule. Being a part of a campus ministry means that you have a set time

each week to focus solely on the Lord and how He is working in your life. This

might be worship with music, small group bible study, or one-on-one discipleship

with someone you look up to. It doesn't matter how you are specifically spending

your time with the Lord as long as you have a routine of keeping your relationship

with God at the forefront.

3. Leadership Opportunities

Maybe you have a great way with words and you are super passionate

about the ways in which God is using you and you just haven't found a way to

share your story, campus ministry is for you! Getting involved with a campus

ministry opens up so many doors to create a leadership role for yourself.

Whether it's leading a bible study, delivering the message, or simply supporting

fellow believers, a campus ministry is the perfect place to put your leadership

skills to work.

4. Surrounding Yourself with the Right People

Like I said, it is important to have a community of believers supporting you

and your faith. Campus ministries will introduce you to people that will grow into

great friendships. As a young person, most of us are very malleable and need

positive influences in our lives. Thankfully, the people that I have met through my

campus ministry have molded the decisions that I have made.

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5. Leaving your Home Church is Hard

I was very uninterested in finding a new, traditional church setting when I

left for college. My home church is the place where I have worshiped for years,

and I was very apprehensive about trying a different one. The campus ministry

that I am apart of provides an outlet so that I still receive that fulfillment but can

maintain my membership and loyalty with my home church. Maybe that's you and

you are nervous about going to a large church alone or with only a few friends.

The good news is that traditional church is not the only way to worship anymore.

Colleges all across the country, whether they are affiliated with a religion

or not, offer religious outlets for students. From Baptist Student Unions to Wesley

Foundation Ministries, there are countless organizations for college students like

us! If you are at a small school, perhaps there are not as many opportunities for

you, but why couldn't you be the one to begin a ministry for other students

seeking religious fulfillment on a college campus? If any of these reasons are

calling you to join a campus ministry, then don't hesitate. There is no time like the

present to get involved and start creating change on your campus!

How God Is Using Campus Ministry in the Philippines

In the 1980s, an intelligent young woman received a scholarship to attend

the University of the Philippines. While there, she came to faith in Jesus Christ.

She went on to earn several degrees and she has now served as a college

president for many years. In 2005, she became the president of what is now

known as Southern Luzon State University (SLSU) in Lucban, Quezon.

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 Pastor Paul Peñarroyo was serving in Quezon province at the time. He

had attended an OMF training in church multiplication movements a few years

before. Since the training, he had been asking God what else needed to be done

in order to start a church in the hundreds of communities in the province that

lacked one.

Someone told him that the new president of SLSU was a believer so he

went to visit her. She told him, “I heard the gospel as a college student and came

to faith. I want all the students on my campus to have the same opportunity.

Open a ministry on my campus.”

Pastor Paul and OMF went to work figuring out how this could be done.

A location was found for rent across the street from the main gate, which

became the initial student center, and someone was asked to come and be the

campus ministry worker. A year later, Pastor Paul urged a Manila-based pastor

to be his consultant. This pastor had served in campus ministry for three

decades. With his help, the disciple-making movement slowly gained momentum.

Because she was so gifted, the SLSU president was made head over

some smaller colleges in the province. Through her, Pastor Paul was able to

open additional ministries on them, too. He was even allowed to build a breezy

bamboo hut on each campus! Students love to meet in them for Bible studies,

evangelism, and fellowship activities.

Key Components of Campus Ministry

13
Introduction

Campus ministry is an important missional opportunityin developing young adult

leaders. The current generation of college students is the largest since the Baby

Boom, but the lowest percentage to grow up in church. Approximately 80%

of college students have never had significant church experience. More

significant life choices (vocation, lifestyle, relationships, spiritual) are made

during college than any other stage of life. Ninety percent of students who

have grown up in the church may never return after graduation.

The campus ministry and spiritual life is a missional outpost to the campus.

Colleges are mini‐cities with residents who have their own language, rules and

values. Our campus ministers, just like any out of country missionary, must

learn this culture in order to minister to this society in which the college student is

immersed. Also, just like an out‐of- country missionary, our campus ministries

must raise money in order to support themselves. The Conference supports only

a portion of their budgets and everything else, from volunteer hours, building

needs and ministerial funds come from generous donors who understand the

importance of campus ministryto college students.

Core Purposes

Campus ministries are important in developing young adult leaders. A

campus ministry is a gathered community of traditional aged students for

worship, service, small groups and fellowship.

The mission of all Great Plains campus ministries is a movement of grace,

empowering students to live transformed lives to transform the world.

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Grace. Empowerment. Transformation.

We do this by inviting (a movement of grace), equipping (empowering

students to live transformed lives) and sending students(totransform the

world) so that they may betransformed leaders who can change the world.

The core purposes of the United Methodistcampus ministry are:

Invite– A desire forevery college student to knowthe all‐encompassing

love of God. Bypersonal invitation, students practicea life of faith in a

community who is living out what it means to bea disciple of Christ.

The faith community is always open and inclusive to all people and

authentically reflects the diversity and unity of the kingdom of God.

Equip –Providingopportunities forstudents to becomegrowing, serving,

learningand leading disciples of Jesus Christ in the United Methodist

tradition. Equipping happens through worship, service and smallgroups

so that they may live transformed lives and the worldwill be

changed.

Student Leadership – Campusesare primary places that young

adults have anopportunity to put their ideasto action, practicehow to

lead and make a difference in the worldaround them. Campus

ministries are a leadership incubator that encourageand foster

leadership inside and outside the church. Because of a student’s

participation in campusministry, the student would beable to knowthey

are called by God to make a difference in the worldthrough their gifts

and calling to serve Christ in lay or clergy vocations.

15
Service– Campus ministries serve the campus, by providing

opportunities forstudents to grow in their faith through serving others.

Service opportunities can also occur through instillinga sense of justice

and morality in key issues in our society oncampus, addressing the

needs and pain in the communities in which the campusresides,and

partnering in mission through international mission trips.

Small Groups– Like the early days of Methodism, smallgroups are

pivotal in building covenant relationships with God and others. Small

groups can bestudent led with common oversight and structure. The

smallgroups provide a way to grow in faith and learn more about

practicing a life of faith. Most smallgroups can have a progression of

faith formational materials that can help students clearly articulate

their faith.

Worship – An intentional gathering of the student community to

share faith, learn how to bea disciple of Christ, and besent out to

transform the world. Retreats and conferences can also help

stimulate the purposes of a gathered community who seek to follow

Christ and transform the world.

Sent – Helping all students hear God’s name their gifts, experiment

with their leadership and acknowledge a call to serve and lead in the

church and in the worldboth lay vocations and ministry in the church.

Innovation ‐ with student leadership, beincubators fornew and

effective ways for doing ministry as United Methodists, particularly

with young adults

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 Hope ‐ to embodyhope forthe future of the United Methodist Church, as

we raise upa new generationof disciples of Jesus Christ for the

transformation of the world.

What is personal spiritual growth?

There is no official and exact definition of spiritual growth. We - and many

others - use personal spiritual growth as synonyms for other terms like e.g.

personal spiritual development, to develop higher awareness or to develop

higher consciousness.

With our understanding of spirituality, one can also define personal spiritual

growth as way to integrate spirituality to a higher and higher degree in our daily

live. Personal spiritual growth: Awareness or consciousness as a sphere of light

around our body

We have seen here that we can compare human development with the

achievement of virtuosity in a particular activity (for example making music, sport,

handcrafts etc.). The basic rights of existence (the equal right of all beings to be

on the earth, to develop and to carry out their tasks) must be so strongly

internalized that in every situation we automatically act according to these rights

without having to think about it. We refer to this ability in the following as

awareness or consciousness. Spiritual growth means developing this ability

further.

17
 We can use the model of a bright lamp to represent our level of

awareness or level of consciousness: Our body represents the lamp which is lit

ever more brightly as our awareness (consciousness) increases. The brightness

of our awareness (consciousness) lights up our surroundings so that we can see

and hence perceive additional aspects of ourselves and our surroundings.

The light fully illuminates a space around us which is approximately the

shape of a sphere. In the following we will describe this space as the awareness

sphere or consciousness sphere. It serves as model for our spiritual level or

spiritual growth: We can clearly perceive everything within the sphere with our

common sense or our intuition. Outside the awareness sphere (consciousness

sphere) the brightness of our lamp is no longer sufficient. The further away

something is from our sphere the less easy it is to perceive it.

We can now define personal spiritual growth as follows: Personal spiritual

growth is the personal development to enlarge the diameter of the above

mentioned sphere of consciousness. As such, personal spiritual growth is an

integral part of our purpose of life.

The Importance of Spiritual Development in my Life

By Emily Dahlberg - December 1, 2008

My spiritual teacher always says live one day at a time, ask God for your

daily bread and focus on the now. These are the things I find most important to

remember in these trying times. They are so simple and a good reminder that

spiritual development doesn’t have to be hard or confusing. If we can just learn to

18
step out of the mess and see the bigger picture, we will all have an easier time

facing what is right in front of us.

It is so important for us right now as human beings to help each other

develop spiritually. Spiritual Development is not something that was meant to be

done alone, in a monastery or in seclusion. We are meant to be in the world

together experiencing everything we possibly can and loving every minute of it,

because we are learning – and that is so important. Things are changing in our

world today and we are faced with a lot of change. This change is meant to help

us to grow spiritually at a much more rapid rate than in times past.

As a young girl, I made a promise to myself that I would never get stuck

and stop growing. I never wanted to get old (this is what I said at the time). I

thought that when people got old they stopped growing spiritually. Now that I am

older, I have learned that it is not so much age, but a choice. As we continue to

grow, things can get harder and we can choose to stay put for a while until we

get our bearings down. For me, I never want to slow down for too long. I feel like

I came here to do so much work that there isn’t time to take a break. Perhaps my

break will come when I am on the other side.

I am currently working with a group of ladies. We call ourselves The Circle

Mpls, LLC. There are five of us. We are all psychic, but we all work a little

differently. We have combined our gifts and created multi-perspective psychic

readings. Our mission is to help guide people on their highest spiritual path

through psychic consultation and discussion. We are not merely here as

psychics, but as souls on a mission for spiritual development.

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 When I give psychic readings, I always ask the universe to give me the

information that is for the client’s highest good. I work very hard to keep my own

thoughts and opinions out of the reading and simply channel information that is

for the highest good of all. I do so with the intention of helping people on their

spiritual path. When I am working with individuals who are seeking help with their

spiritual development, things within me begin to light up. Just by helping them to

grow spiritually, I am growing as well. In every reading that I give, I try to learn

something about myself. I look at things within others and see if perhaps we

share a common thread. Something they may be struggling with will be

something I have been working on. Suddenly, as the information is given to

them, something clicks and I get it too.

I encourage you all to continue to grow spiritually, at the pace that is right

for you. We all grow and learn in our own unique way, and it is important for us

all to remember and honor that within ourselves. And if some things take a little

longer to learn, then remember to thank yourself for allowing the proper time to

really understand what it is that you are experiencing.

The times when we feel like we simply cannot go any further are the most

essential times of our spiritual growth. This is when you know you are in it and

really truly experiencing the things you came here to learn.

Spiritual Growth and Development

By Sushant

20
 Spiritual growth is the process of evolving your inner self, your

consciousness. It is a method through which you awaken the soul within through

meditation and feel the energetic vibrations within. Spiritual growth and

development helps you know more about yourself.

When we grow spiritually our perception changes and the way we see the

world around us also changes. Spiritual growth and development brings about a

positive change in our life. Not only we become optimistic and positive in life but

also become calmer and peaceful. This growth helps us to deal with negativity

around us. We reflect upon life and look for deeper meanings. Anger and other

negative emotions take a back seat and we start feeling happy and comfortable

in any circumstances.

Spiritual Growth and Development As we grow spiritually, our attitude

toward life also changes for the better in a number of ways. Most of our problems

stem from our own perceptions and expectations of ourselves and of the world.

Spirituality and inner engineering may not help you to change the world but it

definitely helps you to change the way you perceive the world. One will realize

that this solves half the problems of your life. Someone has aptly put it that

spiritual journey makes you see the world with a new pair of glasses!

Spiritual growth and development helps you to imbibe humility. As we

embark on a spiritual journey, pride, jealously, selfishness starts to melt away.

You start becoming humble, generous and nonviolent. Every experience in our

life can teach us something if we have a humble approach towards life. When we

are spiritually inclined we can keep stress at bay and spread the message of love

21
and peace around. We realize that our equations with people around us change.

We value relationships and there is also a tendency of helping others.

Spirituality helps us to develop detachment, which leads to inner peace.

We learn to rise above frustration and disappointment. Meditation, a part of

spiritual growth and development not just has physical health benefits but also

increases our concentration and sharpens our mind. People, who are spiritually

inclined, lead a balanced lifestyle. A holistic approach towards our life and our

overall mental and physical being comes into play as we start to realize that

everything is related to our spiritual growth.

Spiritual growth is also characterized by a growing connection with God

and hence prayers play an important part in spiritual growth and development.

Chanting ancient scriptures also helps us to achieve peace which most of us

miss in our busy stressful lives. Spiritual growth and development helps us

develop a deep understanding of who we really are and how we can grow

internally. Our inner power and strength increases tremendously.

Spirituality and inner peace is a way of life. It helps you to develop great

strength and courage. It builds our endurance levels and we can take a complete

charge of our life thereby living a life that has no regrets, no guilt and/or no

anger. Spiritual growth and development can help to make human beings better

citizens.

SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILD AND ADOLESCENCE

Eugene C. Roehlkepartain (October, 2005)

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 Spiritual development may be at a “tipping point” for becoming a major theme

in child and adolescent development. A growing number of scholars in various

disciplines have invested themselves in this field. The public imagination appears

to be ready in numerous cultures, traditions, and contexts, all of which are

struggling with social changes that threaten to undermine the spiritual lives of

young people.

It is impossible to know whether the current popular interest in spirituality is a

passing fad or a long-term trend. Perhaps this interest will be eclipsed by other

crises or concerns. Perhaps it will just fade from public consciousness. Or

perhaps we are only at the beginning of a major, lasting resurgence in things

spiritual that will be sustained for decades.

In some senses, it hardly matters. As documented by the contributors to this

handbook, the evidence is growing that spiritual development is a vital process

and resource in young people’s developmental journey from birth through

adolescence. Indeed, when human development marginalizes spiritual

development, it does a great disservice to itself and to young people. Without

accounting for the spiritual dimension, human development builds theories,

research endeavors, and, by extension, practices on an incomplete

understanding of our humanness.

Just as important, the developmental sciences add too little to vital questions of

our time if they do not apply themselves to these complex issues. As Benson et

al. (2003) write: “Spiritual development is likely a wellspring for the best of human

life (e.g., generosity, unit, sacrifice, altruism, and social justice) as well as for our

darkest side (e.g., genocide, terrorism, slavery). Using social science to examine

23
this potent force in society and individual lives of young people has been

neglected for too long” (p. 210). The Handbook of Spiritual Development in

Childhood and Adolescence seeks to ensure that this oversight does not persist.

Fowler's Stages of Faith

Generally considered to be the foremost authority on spiritual development,

James W. Fowler's theory of faith development was first published, in book form,

in 1981 (as cited in Evans, Forney, Guido, Patton, & Renn, 2010) when he

published Stages of Faith. This proved to be a watershed moment in the faith

development literature. Fowler began formulating his theory shortly following his

training as a Methodist minister while working with both Methodist clergy

members and Methodist laypeople at a Methodist retreat center (as cited in

Evans et al., 2010). Fowler's (1981) theory of faith development is closely related

to, and loosely based upon, Erik Erikson's theory of identity development,

Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, and Jean Piaget's theory of

intellectual development.

Due to the fact that Fowler was an ordained Christian minister, this theory

is primarily associated with the Christian faith tradition and how Christians

develop their own faith and spirituality. This theory also looks at the lifelong

process of spiritual development, and not necessarily just the young adult or

adolescent years. Fowler's theory states that there are seven general stages of

an individual's faith development.

24
 Fowler starts his theory with pre-stage 1: primal faith. In this pre-stage,

the individual begins to develop faith in relationship with the faith of their primary

caretakers ( e.g. parents, guardians, etc.), and the conceptualization of the

Christian God begins (as cited in Evans et al., 2010).

In stage 1: intuitive-projective faith, the child around the age of two

begins to develop language and their first images of God based upon ideas

conveyed to them by primary caretakers (as cited in Evans et al., 2010).

Stage 2: mythic-literal faith begins to develop within the individual during

the ages of six to seven while the child is enrolled in elementary school

During this time, the child begins to attain the ability to understand the point of

view of others. Here, they take stories about faith told to them by authority figures

as truth and they work to form their own basis of faith. It is possible to stay in this

stage past elementary school into adulthood (as cited in Evans et al., 201 0).

College students coming into college during this stage of faith development may

be open to faith traditions that are different than their own, but they are more

likely to hold true to the beliefs given to them by their parents.

The third stage, stage 3: synthetic-conventional faith, begins during

the early adolescence years. During this stage, adolescents begin to think more

conceptually and base their ideas of faith upon their faith community, caretakers,

friends, media, and other outlets. Despite these advances, some college

students still may not be able to make decisions about faith on their own (as cited

in Evans et al., 201 0). As with stage 2, it is possible to stay in this stage through

adulthood. College students in this stage likely still see their parents as their most

important faith influence and will participate with those communities with which

25
they grew up in; however, in college they may begin being influenced by friends,

faculty, staff, and campus ministers in exploring their faith.

At some point, most college students will be in stage 4: individuate-

reflective faith, where the individual begins to own their faith and spirituality by

independently self-defining and self-authoring their own beliefs (as cited in Evans

eta!., 2010). It is possible that these beliefs are centered on an organized

religion's belief structure, but the individual must accept these beliefs as his or

her own. This stage typically begins in early adulthood, but may take until much

later in life to develop (as cited in Evans et al., 2010). College students at this

level will likely become involved in their faith development by becoming active

members of their faith community, engage with others in and out of their faith

community, and begin to question what they believe and why.

Stage 5: conjunctive faith, happens during the middle part of the

individual's life, and sometimes closer to the end of one's life. The individual

becomes increasingly aware oflife's complexities, and becomes more tolerant of

the faith traditions of others while maintaining their own beliefs (as cited in Evans

eta!., 2010). It is not likely to see college students who are in this stage of faith

development.

The final stage, stage 6: universalizing faith, occurs when the individual

begins to know and see the world through other people, and by linking their love

and value of God through others (as cited in Evans et a!., 201 0). This theory

gives a framework by which the student affairs professional and/or campus

minister can determine what stage in faith development students are located in,

and what stage their students are at. This will help to tailor programming and the

26
approaches needed to work with students of all ages and at all stages of faith

development.

Parks's Faith Development Theory

A second, widely accepted, theory of faith and spiritual development was

developed by Sharon Daloz Parks in two books: The Critical Years: Young Adults

and the Search for Meaning, Faith, and Commitment (1986), and Big Questions,

Worthy Dreams: Mentoring Young Adults in Their Search for Meaning, Purpose,

and Faith (2000) (as cited in Evans et a!., 20 I 0). Parks bases her theory on her

firsthand experience working with students in higher education and religious

settings throughout the course of her professional life (as cited in Evans eta!.,

2010). Much like James Fowler, Parks's theory is linked to Piaget, Erikson, and

Kohlberg; however, she also utilized Carol Gilligan's theory, William Perry's

theory, and Robert Kegan's theory to form a basis of her own theory.

Parks suggests that while Fowler's theory is important, and largely

accurate, it is missing an essential time period of faith development: young

adulthood (as cited in Evans et al., 2010). She stated that due to the fact that

young adulthood is dominated by a quest to determine vocation, career path, and

an overall sense of purpose and belonging, young adulthood is a pivotal time

period for faith development. Due to this, Parks argued, Fowler's theory, while

generally acceptable, is flawed (as cited in Evans et al., 2010). Parks determined

through her research that three forms of student development contribute to

spiritual development. These three forms of development are as follows:

cognition, dependent, and community (as cited in Evans et al., 2010). Cognition,

dependent, and community then lead to four periods of faith development:

27
adolescence or conventional, young adult, tested adult, and mature adult (as

cited in Evans et al., 20 10). Parks' theory is very multi-faceted, and includes

many working parts.

However, one of the most compelling components of Parks' theory is that

of the role that community plays in the spiritual growth and development of

college and university students. She identifies five areas of community that are

deemed essential components of development: conventional, diffuse, mentoring,

self-selected, and open to the other. Each of these components are important,

but Parks strongly stressed that the need for a mentoring community with young

adults was very much a necessity in terms of overall spiritual development (as

cited in Evans et al., 201 0). Parks (2005) argues that higher education

institutions are uniquely qualified to be places of spiritual growth. Faculty and

staff, in tandem with campus ministry organizations, have the ability to really

assist students with their spiritual development (Parks, 2005). Mentoring

communities and relationships, such as those that exist in higher education

institutions, can be on the front lines of the spiritual development of college

students.

Developing the Whole Student: Campus Ministry’s Impact on Spiritual

Development - Zachary D. Samples (2016), Eastern Illinois University

College students at both public and private institutions across the country are

involved in campus ministry organization; however, not much is known about

how such involvement translates in to the students’ faith and spiritual

development. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of how students

28
are involved in campus ministry organizations, how faith and spiritual

development is affected, and how students are generally impacted by campus

ministry organization involvement. The researcher conducted six interviews with

juniors and seniors involved in three different campus ministry organizations.

Result showed that participants have grown in their faith and spirituality through

membership in campus ministry organizations. The results also provided

evidences that students involved in leadership capacities within campus ministry

organizations developed leadership skills.

Keywords: faith development, spiritual development, religious organizations,

campus ministry organizations, college students, student affairs

CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER No. 09 Series of 2013

ENHANCED POLICIES AND GUIDELINES ON STUDENT AFFAIRS AND

SERVICES

Republic Act (RA) No, 7722, otherwise known as the “Higher Education Act of

1994”, Batas Pambansa 232, Resolution No, 321-2013

Republic Act (RA) No. 7722

29
Article IX INSTITUTIONAL STUDENT PROGRAMS AND SERVICES

Section 30 Multi-faith Services – refer to the provisions of an environment

conducive to free expressions of one’s religious orientation in accordance with

institutional principles and policies.

30.1 The HEI shall be encouraged to ensure that the right of religion is

respected.

30.2 The HEI must provide mechanism for the use of school facilities.

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

The chapter outlines the methodology that the researchers employed in

this study of the impact that campus ministry organization has upon the holistic

development, specifically spiritual development of college students. The chapter

includes the research method, sampling design, research locale, the

30
respondents, research instruments, data gathering procedures, treatment of data

and data analysis.

Research Method

Descriptive research method was used in this study which focuses more on

the present situation or the “what is” of the research subject. The purpose is to

find new truth. The research is valuable in providing facts, providing essential

knowledge about the nature of objects and person and for closer observation into

the practices, behaviors and conditions. A qualitative approach was used to allow

respondents share their experiences, and to allow the researchers to go in depth

to understand the individual students’ experiences related to their involvement in

the campus ministry organization through the survey questions provided.

Sampling Design

Purposive sampling was used in this study which is based on selecting the

individuals as samples according to the purposes of the researchers as controls.

An individual is chosen as a part of a sample due to good evidence that he/she is

a representative of the total population. The researchers chose seven (7)

individuals as representative in each of the three (3) campus ministry

organization.

Research Locale

The research was conducted at Mindanao State University – General Santos

City (MSU-GSC). Located at the south-

west part of the City of General Santos,

South Cotabato, Philippines. Mindanao

31
State University is the only state university in the Philippines with the special

mandate of integrating the cultural communities in Mindanao into the mainstream

of the nation’s socio-cultural and political life by providing them with opportunities

for quality and relevant quality education for their self-development and providing

trained manpower skills and technical know-how for the economic development

of the region.

Figure 3.1 Shows the area map of the research locale.

The Respondents

The respondents in this study were undergraduate students who are involved

in a campus ministry organization at the selected institution. There are a total of

21 respondents involved in this study. The selected students were identified in

consultation with the campus ministry heads and staff at each of the three (3)

campus ministry organization in this study: Values Core Group Campus Ministry

(VCG), Circle of Friends Campus Ministry (COF) and Philippine Student Alliance

Lay Movement (PSALM) Campus Ministry Organization. Campus ministry

presidents were asked to identify members of their organization who have been

actively involved with the organization for at least two academic years and

leaders who are involved for an extended period of time who can speak to their

experiences over the course of that time (e.g. retreat leaders, worship leaders,

etc.). At the outset of the study, respondents were informed that their

32
participation in this study was entirely voluntary and up to their own personal

discretion.

Name Sex Course and Type of Campus Other

Major Population Ministry Organization
Organization
Marz M BA English Rural PSALM
Ritz M Diploma in Urban PSALM ETSO
Machine Shop
Janiza F BS Mechanical Rural PSALM
Engineering
Gina F BS Urban PSALM JPIA
Accountancy
Mitch F BS Urban PSALM COA, JPIA
Accountancy
Hanna F BS Rural PSALM JPIA,
h Accountancy BAASCO
Trez F BS Urban PSALM
Accountancy
Zela F BS Biology Urban VCG NASSA
Ralph M BS Mechanical Rural VCG ESO, JPSME
Engineering
Jay M BS Agricultural Urban VCG
and
Biosystems
Engineering
Elise F BS Marine Rural VCG MBSS, FSO
Biology
Rina F BS Mechanical Rural VCG ESO, JPSME
Engineering
Lyn F BS Agriculture Urban VCG MSU
Major in Badminton

33
 Agronomy Club
Iza F AB Filipino Urban VCG SSC
Alex M BS Mechanical Urban COF
Engineering
Allen F BSED Math Urban COF
Tina F BS Rural COF
Accountancy
Jes F BS Agricultural Rural COF
and
Biosystems
Engineering
Dell F BS Agricultural Urban COF
Engineering
Ira F BS Agricultural Urban COF
Engineering
Nelle M AB Filipino Rural COF

Table 3.1 Shows the demographic information about the respondents.

Research Instruments

For this study, the researchers developed a series of survey questions

(Appendix A) that coincide with the three (3) primary research questions in this

study. The goal was to find answers to the research questions by distributing

survey question to the selected respondents. The researchers also provided

each respondent with a demographic survey (Appendix B) to complete. The

survey asked basic questions regarding the student’s course and major, where

34
they live, what Christian denomination they were part of, which campus ministry

organization they were affiliated with, and what leadership roles they have held

on campus.

Data Gathering Procedure

A letter of permission was sent to the Office of the Student Affairs

(Appendix C) to allow the researchers to distribute the instruments for gathering

the data needed in this study. Campus ministry presidents were asked to initiate

the distribution of the instruments to their chosen representatives to answer the

survey questions provided. After all the questions were answered, the presidents

collected the instruments and return the forms to the Office of the Student Affairs

of the research institution for centralized retrieval of the instruments. The data

was then collected by the researchers with the assistance of the student affairs

professionals, and then encoded in the computer.

Treatment of Data

The researchers safely stored the instruments used in gathering the data in a

locked space that only the researchers had access to. The names of each

respondents were kept anonymous, and were given pseudonyms for the purpose

of maintaining confidentiality in this study.

35
Data Analysis

The data that the researchers collected was consolidated and analyzed. The

data was categorized according to the key concepts from the data collected

which helped to answer the primary research questions of the study. The thesis

adviser also reviewed the data to further support the results of the present study.

CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

This chapter presents and summarizes the findings that manifested from the

qualitative research surveys that were conducted with twenty-one respondents

36
from the three different campus ministry organization at the site institution.

Discussions were also provided to support the results of these study. The study

was designed to determine what, if any, impact that membership in campus

ministry organizations has upon a student’s spiritual development. The research

questions utilized to guide this study were (a.) What are the programs, events or

activities that this campus ministry is conducting that impacts the lives of these

college students? (b.) How do students describe the way campus ministry

organizations help them develop their faith, leadership and relationship in the

campus, family and community?(c.)What are the impacts of campus ministry

involvement on the spiritual development of selected college students of

Mindanao State University General Santos City Campus?

Results

While transcribing and analyzing each of the survey questions answered by

the respondent, the researchers come up with themes that each work to provide

a framework for a better understanding the three primary research questions

involved in this study. Each theme provide an overview into how campus ministry

organizational involvement directly impacts students. This chapter will utilize

these themes in order to determine answers to the three primary research

questions present in this study.

Campus Ministry Organization Programs, Events and Activities that

Bring Impacts to the Lives of these College Students.

Students were asked to enumerate the programs, events and activities

that their campus ministry is conducting that helped them develop in every

aspects of their life. They were also asked if these activities significantly

37
impact their personal and spiritual development. Below are the lists of

faith-based and social activities that each of the campus ministry

organization is conducting.

Campus Ministry Organization Programs, Events and Activities

Values Core Group Campus  Prayer Meeting

Ministry  Seminars/ Leadership

Trainings
 Evangelism
 Discipleship
 Spiritual Retreats
 Freshmen Treat
 Big Day
 Sem-end Fellowship
 Tree Planting
 Clean and Green
Program/Solid Waste
Management Program
Philippine Student Alliance Lay  Prayer Meeting
Movement  Evangelism
 Discipleship
 Fellowship
 Seminars/Leadership Training
 Counseling
 Big Nights
 Awareness Impact Group
 CCL Lessons

Circle Of Friends  Freshmen Treat

38
  Evangelism/Soul Winning
 Discipleship
 Seminars
 Fellowship

Table 4.1 Shows the list of programs, events and activities that each of

the campus ministry organization is conducting.

Personal Impacts of these Programs, Events and Activities to the Lives

of these Students. Students were asked if these events are helpful in their

spiritual growth and development. Several of these students responded how

these events brings a lot of development especially in their faith and spirituality.

Hannah stated:

Every first and third Tuesday of the month, PSALM Ministry is

conducting prayer meetings while during the second and last Tuesday of

the month, we are having a fellowship. The ministry organization also

conducts evangelism and discipleship. These events and activities really

helped me to get closer to God. I can also learn many things especially on

how to live with Jesus. I can also share my thoughts, experiences and

testimonies and the word of God to others.

Janiza said:

Our campus ministry is conducting evangelism, fellowship, prayer

meeting, leadership training and a refuge to those people who needs

comfort. The events that I’ve experienced are helpful in my spiritual

39
 development. Through this I myself have witnessed the changes in my

life. If before I prayed because I needed to but now I am praying because

I love and I want to.

Rina also stated:

In Values Core Group Ministry, we are conducting prayer meeting

every Wednesday, Freshmen Treat, Big Day, Sem-end Fellowship and

other spiritual or faith-based activities. All of these events help me in my

spiritual development. It made me close to God and renewed my

commitment to Him. It also help cope up with the hardships I am facing

daily.

Allen also stated:

In Circle of Friends Campus Ministry, we do Freshmen Treat,

Evangelism, Discipleship, Fellowship and seminars. And these activities

teaches me to be closer to God though reading the Bible daily and through

these it allows me to be an encouragement to others.

Students Describe how their Involvement in the Organization Help them

Develop their Faith, Leadership, and Relationship in the Campus, their

Family and Community.

Student were asked to describe their campus ministry organization, how they

first became involved in the organization and how long they have been involved

40
in the organization. Taking this a step further, student were asked to describe

what they see as the best part of being involved in the campus ministry

organization an how leadership in the organization has affected their ability as

student leaders. Themes that were developed through the responses to the

questions were friendship and relationship building, social enhancement, and

worship, fellowship evangelism and discipleship opportunities and leadership

development. .

Friendship and Relationship Building. Respondents stated that one of

the most beneficial aspects of being involved in campus ministry organizations

are friendship and relationship that are fostered through involvement in the

campus ministry organization’s faith-based. One who experienced these was

Jay.

Jay stated:

I have been involved in the ministry for 4 years because I was a member

of this organization which is also established during my high school years

and automatically when I entered college I am involved in the same

campus ministry organization. The best part of being involved in campus

ministry organization is that you have friends and family in Christ that you

can lean on when you are burdened, discouraged, down and even when

you are struggling in any aspect of your life. My friends, brothers and

sisters in the ministry are used by God to encourage one with another,

pray for one another and help each other in times of need.

Trez also said:

41
 I have been in the ministry for almost 2 years already. The people in the

ministry serves as my second family and they help me grow mentally and

spiritually as I am far away from my family. And I was able to learn things

outside my family and my own understanding.

Social Enhancement. Students who were involved in campus ministry

organization for a period of time testified that they are socially developed with the

help of the campus ministry organization. Self-confidence were developed and

they started exposing themselves with other social activities in the campus

ministry organization and extracurricular activities inside and outside the campus.

They also have the boldness to reach out other students who need help

emotionally and spiritually.

When asked what is the best part of being involved in campus ministry Lyn

stated:

I was involved in the campus ministry organization in this institution

because I was already a member of the same organization since high

school. But before that, I was influenced by my older sister. Because of

my involvement in this ministry, I was able to gain confidence when I face

a larger crowd. I have the opportunity to share and show my talents

especially when this organization conduct activities. And most importantly,

I had the best experience having a relationship with Christ and have faith

in Him. Through my involvement in this organization, it changes the way I

42
 treat my family and everyone around me because I was able to know what

is right and wrong based on what is written on the Bible.

Rina also said:

I have been a part of the campus ministry organization for 5 years

already because it was during high school when I was able to join in this

ministry and when I went to college my membership continues. Aside from

academic purposes, being here in Mindanao State University with this

organization is a challenge and also a great outlet for me to get involve

with the community and the campus while I study. This organization is the

instrument of God in helping me develop my confidence in getting

involved with the community and it allowed me to easily reach out people

who were in need of comfort and restoration.

Worship, Fellowship, Evangelism and Discipleship Opportunities.

Campus ministry organizations is an extension of the church in the school

campus. One of the objectives of campus ministry organizations is to have

programs like worship, evangelism and discipleship. Several students have

stated that they have the opportunity to share the gospel and worship in the

campus where they said to be a home away from home (church).

Hannah Stated:

Before I got involved in the organization, my aunt told me to join the

PSALM ministry and I’m enjoying to be a part of it so I continue joining

43
 every activities and programs of the ministry. The best part of being

involve in this campus ministry organization was the sharing of gospel

through evangelism and discipleship, where we can share the word of

God and also in this campus ministry, I found another family that will help

me in my journey with God.

Elise also stated:

I was involved in the ministry way back high school. Our values teacher,

shared to us the love of God and since that moment I am new person and

get involved with the ministry. My involvement in the ministry right now as

an officer is my faithful commitment to God. The best part of being

involved in campus ministry is that I am strengthened and motivated to

live my life and share God’s love to others. This organization helped me

develop my relationship in the campus, family and community by being a

responsible person not engaging into various acts of violence but even as

an individual I set my self as an example of a good influence to others.

Trez said:

The ministry was introduced first in our church and when I entered

college I decided to join in the organization. I was able to worship the Lord

with my fellow believers and share my faith to others. Worshipping with

my fellow believers also helped me in growing with the Lord. It serves as

my second family and helps me mentally as I am far away from my family.

This helped me grow spiritually. And I consider this as a blessing.

44
Leadership Development. Students frequently stated how the campus ministry

organization help them develop leadership skills and believe that this came as a

result of being called. This call was defined as finding a sense of purpose

allowing them to engage in the leadership within the campus ministry

organization.

Iza said:

I was a member of the Values Core Group Campus Ministry since high

school and I’ve been with the organization for 7 years and still counting. I

was born in a Christian family but I never felt that intimacy with Christ

before until I became a member of this ministry. In this ministry I was

trained to be a leader and these trainings that I gained, I used this in our

church where I was called. And being the business manager of our

campus ministry organization and the Undersecretary of Supreme Student

Council Senators of Mindanao State University, I also consider this as a

calling.

Impacts of Campus Ministry Involvement on the Spiritual Development of

Students

Spiritual growth and development brings about a positive change in our life.

Not only we become optimistic and positive in life but also become calmer and

peaceful. This growth helps us to deal with negativity around us (Sushant). Faith

is one of the factors that impacts the personal and spiritual development of an

individual. Furthermore, students were asked how important their faith was

45
before being involved in the organization and does this changed since being

involved with campus ministry. They were also asked how involvement in the

campus ministry organization play on their academics and how important it is to

them and does faith play a role in that. Students were also asked how they deal

and act when struggling on campus with a problem and how they handled it. And

finally, students were asked to share what has their overall college experience

and does involvement in campus ministry affected and influenced these

experiences and what changes and development they’ve experience while being

involved in the organization. Themes that were developed from the response of

the students were: Faith development, character development and commitment

to prayer and devotion.

Faith Development. Campus ministry organizations exist, in large part, to

assist students as they grow in their own faith and spirituality. Faith development

is the main focus of the campus ministry organization experience. Students

frequently stated that before faith is not important to them until they got involved

in campus ministry organization which led them to the development of their

personal faith in God and draw them more closely to God. And through their faith

they learn to have confidence in their academics and continue to serve God in

campus and off campus.

Character Development. Jenney (2012) theorized that involvement in

campus ministry organizations directly led to a heightened sense of character

development including ability to set life direction, establish goals, and grow as

leaders. Each student stated that their involvement in campus ministry made

them a better person. Their personality and conduct were changed and through

46
the ministry God molded their character. Their actions, words and the way they

respond to situations is the evidence of the good development in their life.

Commitment to Prayer and Devotion. Prayer and devotion is a must and

important act to Christians. It is where Christians communicate and exercise their

faith and trust to God. Through the campus ministry organization’s faith-based

activities students were taught to pray and read the Bible. Several students

shared that when struggling on campus with a problem they handle it by praying

and seeking God for help and also asking for prayers and advises from their

fellow members, friends and brothers and sisters in the Lord.

Students shared their experiences and significant development how and what

impacts does involvement in campus ministry organization brings to their lives:

When asked about the importance of faith and how this changed since her

involvement in the ministry Elise shared:

Before getting involved with campus ministry, I don’t really see the

importance of faith and spirituality in my life. It has changed when I joined

Values Core Group Campus Ministry. Every day is a process of

development. Through God’s word, prayer and activities such as

fellowship and prayer meetings, changes in me happen gradually.

When asked about the importance of her academics and what impacts of

her involvement in campus ministry play on it she said:

My academics is so important. In academics I get to learn and grow

also. Even if it is a secular thing. It is still a field where I could glorify God

and do my best for Him. My involvement in campus ministry has a big

impact on my academics. Through the help of the ministry, I know how to

47
 choose the right action and choices. Also, God molds my perspective on

how I see and respond to everything.

When struggling on campus with a problem, whatever that problem may be,

how did she handled it?

When struggling on campus I handle it by first seeking God and sharing

my struggles to my brethren that I may be prayed for and be motivated.

Absolutely, it is also motivated by faith, for it fuels me to be determined

and never give up. Faith is a trust-based action. Whenever I’m facing

different problems it is my foundation of strength that it is God that I am

always with.

Elise shared her overall college experience while being involved in campus

ministry organization:

My experience in the institution so far is very much like so challenging in

the sense that if you won’t stand and thrive you won’t realize how

important it is to grow as a person. The environment is so dynamic and

the way how some professors teach us will really challenge us. My

involvement in the ministry truly affects the my experience in a way that it

gives me strength, comfort, and hope that even I am away from my family

this ministry (VCG-MSU) is a family to me --- a home away from home.

And of course, it encourages me to love God and see and experience His

love work in my heart and life.

Through these my faith become stronger despite of the testing. I’m

growing in my service to God and in doing my responsibilities in terms of

leadership. In terms of relationship, I get to be friends with some and be

48
 sensitive. In conduct, I’m learning to deal with others in a good way. My

actions, words and behavior has built me a good manner for I always

wanted others to be blessed by my life. Spiritually, there are many

challenges in managing my time, but then currently I got to spend time

with God everyday through prayer, worship, and His words. Despite of

everything, I am spiritually being molded by God to work hard, do my best

and to always prevail. Through knowing God more, my perspective as a

person, as a student and as a daughter have shifted.

Marz shared his experiences in the campus and how campus ministry helped

him to be a better person:

I’ve experienced so much fun and also joy as the organization

conducts many activities that I knew helped me become a better person.

The interesting also is the academe is quite tough which made be a hard

working person. I was then involved in the campus ministry organization

through the flyers posted. The best part of being involved in the ministry is

that it was my training ground to be a leader. Through the activities of

PSALM, it mold me to become a tough person at any circumstances in

life. It also opened my mind to different races, personalities and family

backgrounds. Therefore, I was able to develop my personality and be

more considerate, tolerant, and understanding to each person I face.

Every activities that the organization is conducting it promotes

Godliness and teach about the Bible. As a Pastor’s kid, I always seek for

the meaning of faith and spirituality. Hence, knowing these things is very

49
 important for I lived many years without understanding it. But when I

joined the campus ministry, it change so much through the trainings and

equipping and it revealed many things in me. As I continue my journey in

this institution, I want to be a competent worker and citizen of this country

in the future. Thus, I make sure that I am doing well in my academics.

Through the campus ministry where I was involved, I was able to be more

competitive academically. It inspires me to aim higher because I was

blessed to all of the alumni of PSALM. Many of them were able to become

Cum Laude despite of heavy loads.

When I’m struggling on campus with a problem. I just pray and entrust

it to God. For I believe that God is in control. Overall, I can say that my

college experience is amazing because of the people that I met through

PSALM ministry. I am so blessed and joyful. Through my involvement in

campus ministry my boring college experience back then turns into

amazing, joyful and full of adventure. I was able to develop my leadership

skills. Not just that but also in my spiritual aspect. My communication skills

turns to be more effective.

Zela also shared:

Mindanao State University is a place where people with different

religions, denomination and beliefs are situated. And to be in such place is

not easy especially in standing still and firm with what you believe.

Because of the ministry I had a home away from home (church). Being a

Christian leader it always help and reminds me to be vulnerable, honest

and extrovert to everyone. Every event teaches about faith and a lot more

50
 and every teachings, God deals with each individual personally. Before

my faith and spirituality was not really important to me. But when I was

involved in campus ministry, gradually, as my faith is being nurtured, my

bad habits are gone and my faith increased. My academic as well is very

much important and being with the ministry, it help me have firm

confidence in God into whatever I do in school.

When struggling on campus with a problem, I go directly to God

in prayer. I believe prayer without faith is like throwing a stone towards the

sky and it just fall back and nothing happened. My college experience was

not that easy. It was actually hard, especially with the schedules and

availabilities. Sometimes, I tend to choose my studies first than my faith.

But I was always reminded and corrected by God that it should be Him. I

learned also to stand with my faith. God is amazing! Jesus has been my

all in my college life and actually in my whole life.

Gina shared:

My experience here in the institution is so challenging. And the best

thing for me of being involve in the ministry is growing spiritually. It makes

me mature enough to guard my own decisions and be a better person and

citizen considering the feeling of everyone. Every event teaches me how I

should reflect on God’s word in everything I do and always ask the

question: “What does the Bible say about this?” Speaking about faith my

faith, if I’m going to rate it from 1 up to 10 I would say it’s only on 6. But

when I joined campus ministry organization I know now what matters the

most faith id indeed important for us to grow. My academic as well is very

51
 important and through my involvement in the ministry, it reminds me and

encourage me in my everyday struggles. I go to God in prayer and let Him

be in control and my faith makes it all possible when I am struggling in the

campus. It made me matured spiritually and have a wider scope of

understanding and higher critical thinking.

According to Ralph, the organization has brought a lot of good things in his life,

he shared:

The organization has been like a family to me. The fellowship, weekly

meeting has been a part of my life. In Values Core Group I was able to

have a support group helping me with my spiritual aspect. The ministry

has introduced me to different kinds of people. As a student leader it

helped me learn the thing that I could only learn leading a group. My faith

and spirituality is the most important thing for me. It increased my sense

of responsibility as a Christian in serving God through the campus ministry

organization. My academics is just a part of my preparation for my future

to protect my best interest. The campus ministry boost up my academics

by being encouraged by God and my fellow believers. When I am

struggling on campus, first, it is handled on spiritual terms. Prayer avails

much for me, after that it will be taken care of whatever terms it is needed.

My faith plays such a big role in solving these problems. Overall, my

experience in the campus was fun, challenging and composed of variety

of experiences. While in the campus ministry my faith was developed. My

leadership skills was practiced. I had developed good relationship with

other members and finally my spirituality was improved.

52
Mitch as well as shared her experience briefly:

The best past for me of being involved in campus ministry is I have

the moment to worship and know God intimately. I get to meet and know

new people with the same passion in serving God. Through this my faith

gets stronger and my fears get weaker and it strengthened my spiritual

life. My academics is also important in a way that through this God’s glory

will be reflected in me. It also strengthens my whole being. This helps me

to overcome mental and financial breakdown. When in times of struggle, I

pray with faith.

Trez also shared:

Because of my involvement in PSALM ministry, I was able to learn

things outside my family and my own understanding. And because I grew

up in a Christian family and church, my faith is very important to me and it

continue to improve since being involve in the campus ministry. I treat my

academics as my second priority because as I believe that God must

always come first. Doing things in honor of Him and he will the rest for me.

If I am struggling with a problem in campus, I surrender it all to God.

As human being, it is inevitable to experience these things but God is

always reminding me that with Him nothing ids impossible. It is very

stressing considering my course but God’s intervention helps me go

through everything. This ministry support me mentally and emotionally as

the ministry serves as my “refresher” in my weekly life. It also taught me

new things, mainly strengthening my faith in the Lord and corrects my

manners in some things.

53
When asked about her overall college experience since being involved in the

campus ministry organization Iza said:

My experience in the institution has been a blast. Because of the

requirements, activities, and the demands of the institution. But as a

member of campus ministry every event counts because these events

encourages me in many ways. It increases my confidence and faith. My

faith as well is important to me because I felt God but no one taught me

what kind of God He is or what he is capable of doing. So through the

help of the campus ministry where I belong I have seen my purpose not

just a student but also a citizen in MSU that serves as a light in the

campus.

I can say that being a student is difficult but without God, it is more

difficult. I thank God because He is my partner as I go to school. I have

struggles but I know God is with me and I will have that moment with Him

and pray. Being a part of an organization like this is an advantage to a

student because many would not see the beauty of God’s goodness in

everything if they do not seek God through involving themselves on

activities where God is involved. I had the opportunity to cope up easily on

my struggles because of this ministry. I become more confident and my

faith increased as I continue to participate in the campus ministry

organization.

Lyn was a member of Values Core Group Campus Ministry since her high school

years she testified how the ministry was used by God for her to be a better

person. She also shared her experiences in the campus:

54
 In the campus, I experienced a lot of pressure. They demand

quality on every performance that we do. My involvement in campus

ministry organization has help me gain confidence when I face a larger

crowd. I have the opportunity to share and show my talents especially

when this organization will conduct activities. And the most important is, I

had the opportunity to have a relationship with Christ and have faith in

Him. It changes the way I treat my family and everyone around me

because I was able to know what is right and wrong based on what is

written on the Bible.

Before I knew God, faith and spirituality were not important to me.

But through the ministry, I was able to have faith and know my purpose

and cling to His promises. Even in my academics he helped me gain

confidence. In times of trials, I pray directly to God first and sometimes

God uses my fellow believers to help me out and encourage me in every

problem or situation I’m in. I can say that college life is stressful but yet,

God is so amazing because he is always there when I feel down and

struggling in my studies. It is not easy but I trust God along the way.

Finally, through this ministry, this changed how I view education. I see the

school as a simple learning institute. But now I consider this as a training

ground where I can be a leader. I learned how to treat others in a right

way. I can say that my campus ministry is my headquarter and God is my

Commander.

Allen also said:

55
 I was a member of Circle of Friends Campus Ministry for already 4

years and counting. I was invited by my classmate and I enjoyed the

fellowship. The best part of being involve in the ministry was I get to meet

new friends and allowed me to be an encouragement. Every activities and

events help me and encourage me to read my Bible daily. Now my faith is

very important and it gets deeper and deeper as I continue joining the

group. My involvement in campus ministry organization has led to the

development of my faith, leadership, relationship to others and God and

strengthened my spirituality.

Jes is a 5th year BS Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering student of the site

institution, she shared briefly about her experience in campus while involving

herself in Circle of Friends campus ministry:

I enjoyed the fellowship when I was invited to join. It helps me how

to socialize with different people with different personalities and

experiences. My faith in God increased because of every activities that

our campus ministry is conducting like discipleship, evangelism and

seminars. I’m not into spiritual activities before I was in this ministry. But

now this ministry allow me to have a deep knowledge of our God. My

academic as well is very important to me and through this organization, it

encourages me to excel in my field. This ministry affected so much of my

personal life and it helped me develop leadership skill and especially my

spiritual life.

Janiza is a member of PSALM ministry and she also shared her experiences:

56
 I got involved in PSALM ministry through the Mindanao State

University Organization Fare. Having fellowship and talk about the word of

God and at the same time hearing testimonies from other people is the

best part that I enjoyed in the ministry. I am the secretary of the

organization. I accepted this leadership role because I want to challenge

myself if I am really capable in this position and to be able to learn new

things that will help to develop myself.

My faith and spirituality before was important until now because

with my faith I am sure that I can do anything because God will bless me.

But my belief before is vain because my faith is just important if I need

something and I realized that faith without works is dead. The impact of

my involvement in campus ministry plays also a big role in my academics.

I’m a type of person who easily gets disappointed but with the help of this

organization, I was able to overcome my anxieties because of the help of

the good people that surround me. And even when I’m struggling in the

campus, I admit that I can’t handle it by myself, so I seek the help of my

fellow student leaders and ask some advice.

The organization helped me in developing my spiritual aspect, my

emotional and mental aspect and it help me grow not just socially but

spiritually that enable me to become stronger and optimistic than before.

Also through this, I was able to have a healthy relationship with my family

as well as to the community. Now, I am more closer to God and mature

than before, I gain more confidence, I am more sociable and sanguine, I

become more careful and prudent. My involvement in the ministry

57
 contributes a great change and impact in my college experience. So far, I

am still growing with the help of this organization and every day I am

thankful because without the help of the people belonged here, maybe I

am not the same person as now.

Ritz shared how he was motivated to continue his journey with the ministry even

the institution has brought a lot of challenge in his life:

My experience in this institution was hard and challenging. But as I

joined the campus ministry organization through the school’s organization

fair I learn to be strong. From being a worrier to a warrior. The best part

for me of being involve in the ministry was, I get to share God’s word and

fulfill the great commission. This made me closer to Christ. My faith as

well is very important to me because before I was enrolled in a Christian

school. Now it challenge my responsibility as a leader and also changed

my perspective in life. When in times of problems and testing, I pray and

as for help from my parents, my mentor and friends. This organization

taught me to be a prayerful Christian. It helped me to cling to Jesus more

and more.

Hannah a BS Accountancy student and also a member of Junior Philippine

Institute of Accountants (JPIA), and currently an active member of PSALM

Ministry also shared her experience of being involve in campus ministry

organization and what changes this involvement brought to her life:

My college experience so far is an adventure. There were many

struggles, temptations and problems that I faced but it can’t stop me from

achieving my goals. My involvement in campus ministry helped me to

58
 overcome my problems. Before I involve myself in this organization, I

have a fear on talking in front of people but it helped me to slowly develop

my skills in communicating with people specially sharing my ideas and

thoughts. I also found a circle of people that help me maintain my close

relationship with God. This organization helped me in my spiritual life. It

helped to maintain my Christ-centered life. PSALM ministry also molded

me to be a better person and strengthen my relationship with my family.

Rina a member of Values Core Group Ministry taking BS Mechanical

Engineering share how campus ministry molded her to become a leader and how

she experience the positive development bought by her faith in God:

My experience in this institution was hard for me especially it

requires a high standard result when it comes to academics. Since then, I

always give importance to my studies and I always see to it that I excel in

the field I am in. My campus ministry is my outlet of comfort, love and joy

when everything is not going well with my academics. It is also my source

of hope because it reminds me always of my relationship with God. Trials

and problems are inevitable, so when I’m struggling with these, I pray

because praying in times of trouble is always my weapon when facing

daily challenges.

In two years’ time, I was able to witness how difficult it is to cope up

and to continue your day with all the demands your college course has.

My involvement in campus ministry drives me to continue to study hard

and achieve the goals and dreams I have in my heart. The events and

activities of our ministry as well as helped me in my spiritual development.

59
 It made me closer to God and renewed my commitment to Him. It also

help me cope up with the hardships I am facing daily. Faith and spirituality

was not important and significant to me until I got involved with campus

ministry. I was saved through this and I got to know the truth and has

been set free from the bondage of sin from the past. Overall, my

involvement in campus ministry organization has strengthened my faith,

developed my leadership, extended my relationship, made my conduct

right and I am growing spiritually.

Currently, Jay is a BS Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering and currently the

president of the Values Core Group Campus Ministry and belonged to Jesus

Christ the Living God Lifeline Church shared his testimony on how he was

changed and continually growing because of his involvement in campus ministry:

My experience in this institution is so challenging. The demands

and expectations that will make you pressured and stressed is at its best.

But if you will know how to handle it and how to stand from it you will grow

as a person day by day. When experiencing such things, I handle it with

the help of God. I surrender it all to Him and seek for His wisdom on how

to overcome these problems. I put my full trust and confidence to God that

everything will just pass by.

As a president of this organization, being in this kind of position, I

consider this as a calling and I believe that God chose me in this. This

organization helped me develop my relationship in the campus, in my

family and community. It taught me how to socialize with confidence and

how to deal with different kinds of people, personalities and how to

60
 respect and honor the authorities. The organization focuses on teaching

what the Bible teaches. My involvement in campus ministry has also a big

impact on my academics because it helps me and teaches me to be

honest and teaches me the right perspective on how to handle situations

and how to respond to it.

I don’t care about faith and spirituality before but now that I’ve

been with this campus ministry organization my faith is so important. Day

by day it changes my way of life and undergo the process of change in my

life. The campus ministry organization and its activities changed me as a

person, my way of living, it stretched out my faith. It helps me exercise my

leadership through the responsibilities I have and do it with joy and

gladness. It build my relationship with one another and able to create a

spiritual family. My personality and conduct changed and molded my

character. Lastly, I can say that I am growing spiritually in the grace and

knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Discussions

Astin (1993) identified a link between students partaking in events, programs,

and initiatives sponsored by the campus and by campus partners as a way for

the students to become further engaged at the institution. The participants of this

study talked about the events sponsored by campus ministry organizations,

specifically those geared to incoming students, and how they provided

opportunities for the students to get involved and connected to the campus

ministry organization. Students who attended events sponsored by the campus

61
ministry organization became more connected to the organization, and therefore

more involved in a campus-based organization. This involvement then led to a

heighted sense of self awareness and growth.

Astin (1993) theorized that campus involvement directly impacts student

development. A critical aspect of student development is faith and spiritual

development. This study has shown that faith and spiritual development is

directly related to membership in a campus ministry organization. Each of the

participants discussed how their involvement led to new opportunities and

through these opportunities they found themselves becoming better leaders,

more connected, and stepping into greater leadership opportunities. This study

specifically showed that students involved in leadership positions within campus

ministry organizations grew spiritually and in their faith. The study showed that

involvement in the campus ministry organization impacted the development of

participants' faith, spirituality, leadership, and led to increased involvement.

According to Astin (1993), the more involved a student is, the more that he or

she is going to feel connected to the institution, and therefore the more likely the

student will retain at the institution. Each of the participants indicated that

membership in the campus ministry organization is what they enjoyed most

about being a student at the site institution. Each of the participants indicated that

both the social and faith-based events that are sponsored by campus ministry

organizations fostered the connections that they have made. Evangelism, prayer

meetings, discipleship, fellowship, freshmen treat, seminars and leadership

trainings and spiritual retreats were each mentioned as important aspects of the

campus ministry organization. They have developed friendships among their

62
fellow students and have created mentoring relationships with their campus

ministers. This directly related to their level of increased involvement in the

campus ministry organization, and their level of connection to the institution.

Jenney (2012) hypothesized that students involved in campus ministry

organizations experience a heightened sense of what she referred to as pro-

social character development. According to Jenney (2012), character

development is largely based upon spiritual identity, and that campus ministry

involvement, in addition to strong spirituality, directly leads to a better sense of

personal character. Overall, Jenney's hypothesis that a higher sense of

spirituality and spiritual activity leads to a stronger character proved to be correct

in nearly every level of pro-social character development. Each student stated

that their involvement in campus ministry made them a better person. Their

personality and conduct were changed and through the ministry God molded

their character. Their actions, words and the way they respond to situations is the

evidence of the good development in their life.

Spirituality helps us to develop detachment, which leads to inner peace. We

learn to rise above frustration and disappointment. Meditation, a part of spiritual

growth and development not just has physical health benefits but also increases

our concentration and sharpens our mind. People, who are spiritually inclined,

lead a balanced lifestyle. A holistic approach towards our life and our overall

mental and physical being comes into play as we start to realize that everything

is related to our spiritual growth.

Spiritual growth is also characterized by a growing connection with God and

hence prayers play an important part in spiritual growth and development.

63
Chanting ancient scriptures also helps us to achieve peace which most of us

miss in our busy stressful lives. Spiritual growth and development helps us

develop a deep understanding of who we really are and how we can grow

internally. Our inner power and strength increases tremendously.

Spirituality and inner peace is a way of life. It helps you to develop great

strength and courage. It builds our endurance levels and we can take a complete

charge of our life thereby living a life that has no regrets, no guilt and/or no

anger. Spiritual growth and development can help to make human beings better

citizens.

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 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The purpose of this final chapter is to provide the summary of the study,

conclusions, and also to provide recommendations for student affairs

professionals, campus ministers, students and colleges and university institutions

that doesn’t have established or organized campus ministry organization.

Recommendation for future research will also be provided.

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine what, if any impact, that membership

or student participation in campus ministry organizations has upon a student’s

faith and spiritual development. The research questions utilized to guide this

study were:

(a.) What are the programs, events or activities that this campus ministry is

conducting that impacts the lives of these college students?

(b.) How do students describe how the involvement in the organization help them

develop their faith, leadership and relationship in the campus, family and

community?

65
 (c.)What are the impacts of campus ministry involvement on the spiritual

development of selected college students of Mindanao State University General

Santos City Campus?

The respondents in this study were undergraduate students who are

involved in a campus ministry organization at the selected institution. There are a

total of 21 respondents involved in this study. The selected students were

identified in consultation with the campus ministry heads and staff at each of the

three (3) campus ministry organization in this study: Values Core Group Campus

Ministry (VCG), Circle of Friends Campus Ministry (COF) and Philippine Student

Alliance Lay Movement (PSALM) Campus Ministry Organization.

This study shows that membership in campus ministry organizations is

important for students as they develop their faith, spirituality, character,

relationship, leadership abilities and overall college experience at the institution.

Student affairs professionals play a vital role in the development of college

students. Campus ministers are on the front lines of faith and spiritual

development of college students. They need to ensure that the work that they are

doing directly impacts their students’ faith and spiritual development and even

leadership development. Students play a critical role in the day-to-day operations

of the campus ministry organization, and therefore directly impact the faith and

spiritual development of their peers and of themselves.

The development of the student was also made possible with the help of

the programs, events and activities that a campus ministry organization is

conducting. These events play a significant role in the holistic development of the

students as they participate in the campus ministry organization. As students

66
involve themselves in campus ministry through the programs and events the

organization is conducting, students build friendships, rapport and develop and

stretch out their faith through prayer, devotion, worship, discipleship and

evangelism. It has also molded the character and personality of each individual.

Their devotion to God was also strengthened and they developed intimacy with

the Lord.

Conclusion

Campus ministry organizations are critically important to the college

campus. They provide a safe space for students to discover, grow, and

develop their own faith and spiritual development. They provide an avenue for

students to get involved and connected with a strong group of students with

similar backgrounds, beliefs, morals, spirituality, and outlook of the world in an

environment that includes both social and faith-based activities, initiatives, and

programs. It is clear that students are positively impacted through involvement

in campus ministry organizations as they develop spiritually, grow as leaders,

and reach out to new students as they get engaged in the organization and

the programs the organization is conducting. Student affairs professionals,

campus ministers, and student leaders are all vital to the success of the

campus ministry organization. Most importantly, however, is the fact that

membership in campus ministry organizations directly impact the student faith

development, spiritual development, and character development, and

commitment to prayer and devotion, which leads to the student's overall

67
 development as a student. At the end of the day, that is the goal of higher

education.

Recommendations for Student Affairs Professionals, Campus Ministers,

Students and College and University Institution

Student Affairs Professionals. As such, student affairs professionals need to

have a better understanding of the campus ministry organizations and how they

impact the students that they serve. At the same time, student affairs

professionals need to assess their own personal faith and spirituality. This

assessment would not only benefit themselves, but would also benefit the

students they are serving. The more comfortable student affairs professionals are

with their own sense of faith and spiritual development, the more comfortable and

better equipped, they will be having faith and spirituality-based conversations

with the students they are serving. When a student comes to the office of a

student affairs professional and begins to ask questions about faith and

spirituality, the student affairs professional needs to be able to have an intelligent

and coherent conversation with that student. Student affairs professionals are

called to meet students where they are at, and to work with them to foster their

own development as a student.

Campus Ministers. Campus ministers are on the front lines of the faith and

spiritual development of the students that they serve. As such, they play a

68
significant role in that development and need to make sure that the faith and

spiritual development of their students is the first priority. This means engaging in

spiritual direction with their student leaders, being present at all faith-based

events, educating their students about central tenets of the faith, checking in with

their students to see how their prayer life is going, and living a life in line with the

teachings of the faith. Campus ministers also need to ensure that there is a place

for each of their student leaders to be successful within the organization. As

such, campus ministers need to partner with student affairs professionals and

departments to further advance their mission, meet students where they are at,

and continue to accomplish the aims and goals of their campus ministry

organization.

Students. Students involved in campus ministry organizations can serve as a

natural bridge between the campus ministry organization and the institution.

Obviously, there would be no need for either the campus ministry organization or

the institution if there were no students to serve. Students involved in campus

ministry organizations need to be proud of that fact, and need to be willing to

have tough conversations about faith and spirituality with their faculty, staff, and

fellow students at the institution. Students involved in campus ministry

organizations need to be open to stepping in to leadership roles and open to

questioning how the campus ministry organization operates. Student leaders

involved in campus ministry organizations should not be afraid to exert their

influence, advance the campus ministry organization, ask questions implement

fresh ideas, and reach out to their fellow students to get them fully engaged in

the campus ministry organization.

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 Other College and University Institution. This study shows that

membership in campus ministry organizations is important for students as they

develop their faith, spirituality, character, relationship, leadership abilities and

overall college experience at the institution. This study was conducted in an

institution that allows and permits the organizing of groups such as social

organizations and campus ministry organizations. There are other colleges and

universities who don’t have an organized and established campus ministry

organizations. As the results of these study show that the involvement in

campus ministry organization impacts the whole development especially the faith

and spiritual development of a student, in line with this the researchers

encourage and recommend that colleges and universities with the help of the

student affair professional should have in mind the creation of campus ministry

organization in their campuses and encourage students to organized such

organization with a proposal from off-campus individual who wishes to extend the

mission and vision of the church inside the campus with respect to any religion

they belong.

Recommendations for Future Research

In view of the foregoing findings and conclusions, the following recommendations

are hereby proposed for future research:

1. This study needs to be repeated in the site institution with the

alumni/graduates who are also member of campus ministry organization

who graduated from the site institution to gain more knowledge and

information because they can testify more on how they achieve the

70
 success with the help of the campus ministry organization. The

researchers also recommend that this must be done through one-on-one

interviews.

2. This study needs also to be repeated utilizing other campus ministry

present in the site institution aside from the campus ministry organization

included in this study.

3. The study of faith and spiritual development of the student affairs

professionals and other academic staff, specifically those involved in

campus ministry organization, needs also to be conducted.

4. A study needs also to be conducted to compare students’ development of

those who are involved and those who are not involved in social and

campus ministry organization.

5. A study should also be conducted of the impacts of campus ministry

involvement on the academic performance of college students and

determining the progress of development and achievement before and

after the students’ involvement in campus ministry organization.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Astin, A. (1993). What matters in college? Four critical years revisited.

San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

 Bowman, N. A., & Small, J. L. (2012). Exploring a hidden form of minority

status: College students' religious affiliation and well-being. Journal of

College Student Development, 53(4), 491-509. doi:

10.1353/csd.2012.0050

 Jenney, T. J. (2012). The holistic development of college students:

Spirituality as a predictor of college student's pro-social character

development. Culture & Religion Review Journal, 2012(4), 56-145.

 Parks, S. (2005). The journey toward mature adult faith: A model. In M.E.

Wilson, L.E. WolfWendel, (Eds.), ASHE Reader on College Student

Development Theory. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing

 Samples Z.D. (2016). Developing the Whole Student: Campus Ministry’s

Impact on Spiritual Development - Eastern Illinois University

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  Small, J. L. (2014). Understanding change: Spirituality, faith, religion, and

life purpose in student affairs. About Campus, 19(2), 11-16.

 Cribbs, E. (2016). Why is Campus Ministry Important to Me// At Murray

State University

 George, M. (2015). 5 Reasons To Get Involved In A Campus Ministry// At

The University of the South, Sewanee, TN 37383

 Fowler, J.W. (1981). Stages of Faith. Paperback Book Publishing. East

Lansing, MI

 Roehlkepartin, E. C. Spiritual Development in Childhood and

Adolescence. SAGE Publications. New Delhi

Websites:

 https://www.philstar.com> What the Campus Ministry is all about |

Philstar.com – Philippine Star

 https://ww.greatplains.org> Key Components of Campus Ministry – Great

Plains Conference

 https://omf.org/us/god-using-campus-ministry-philippines/

 https://ched.gov.ph/cmo-9-s-2013/

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APPENDICES

74
Appendix A

75
 SURVEY QUESTIONS

1.) What has your experience at the institution been like?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2.) What where you involved with in high school? (Students activities,
religious/faith-based organizations, community organizations etc.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

3.) Now that you’ve been at this institution for a while, what else have you
gotten involved in?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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4.) What campus ministry organization are you involved with?
________________________________________________________
a. How did you get involved in the organization?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. How long have you been a part of that community?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. What’s the best part of being involved in your campus ministry
organization?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
d. How do this organization help you develop your relationship in the
campus, in your family and your community?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
5.) Have you held any leadership positions in the campus ministry
organization?_________________________________________
a. If so, what position?_________________________________

b. What made you decide to get involved in a leadership role?

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
c. Does this help you develop your leadership skills?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
6.) What are the programs, events or activities that your campus ministry
is conducting?

77
 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
a. Where these events helpful in your spiritual development? How?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
7.) Before getting involved with campus ministry, how important was your
faith and spirituality?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________

a. How does this changed since being involved with campus ministry?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
8.) Let’s talk a little bit about academics. How important is this to you?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
a. What impact does your involvement in campus ministry play on
your academics?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
9.) When you are struggling on campus with a problem, whatever that
problem may be, how do you handle it?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

78
 a. Does faith play a role in that?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
10.) What has your college experience been like overall?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

a. How has your involvement in campus ministry affected your overall

college experience?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
b. What are the changes and development that you experienced while
being involved in this campus ministry? (Faith, Leadership,
Relationship, Conduct, Spirituality)
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

79
Appendix B

80
 DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEY
Name: __________________________________________________________
Age: _______________
Sex: Male Female
Course and Major__________________________________________________
Address: _________________________________________________________
Type of Population (e.g. urban, rural, suburban)? _________________________
What is your religious denomination? How long have you been practicing?
________________________________________________________________
Do your parents share the same religious denomination? If not, what faith
tradition do they practice?
_______________________________________________________________
What campus ministry organization are you involved with?
________________________________________________________________
What other organizations are you involved with on the campus?
________________________________________________________________

81
Appendix C

82
83
 CURRICULUM VITAE

JHON MARCH MANDARIZA VILLARUBIA

09467220125

jmvillarubia95@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Present Address: Prk. 6 Brgy. Polo, Polomolok, South Cotabato

Age: 24 Yrs. Old

Birthdate: March 16, 1995

Birthplace: Polomolok, South Cotabato

Religion: Evangelical Christian

Father’s Name: Emiliano Canen Villarubia Jr.

Mothers’ Name: Ma. Lina Mandariza Villarubia

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:

Dole Cannery Central Elementary School (DCCES) (2001-2007)

Secondary:

Polomolok National High School (PNHS) (2007-2011)

Tertiary:

General Santos National School of Arts and Trades (GSNSAT) (2011-2012)

Course: Electrical Installation and Maintenance NCII (EIM NCII)

B.E.S.T. College of Polomolok Inc. (2016 – 2020)

Course: Bachelor in Technical Teacher Education major in Electrical Technology

84
TRAININGS, SEMINARS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Career Festival 2019 – Resource Speaker and Judge

(Polomolok National High School))
August 2, 2019
National Certificate II in Electrical Installation and Maintenance
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
March 21, 2019
Training/Workshop on PCB Sampling, Sample Handling Sample Collection
and Field Safety
(CLE Room 1 – Dole Philippines Inc.)
May 9, 2017
FUCHS Cassida Lubricants Seminar
(Platinum International Supply and Services, Inc)
DOLE Employee Development Center – DOLE Phils. Inc., Polomolok, South
Cotabato
(September 1, 2015)
SKF Bearing Damage Analysis - WE204
(SKF Philippines Inc. – Training Solutions)
DOLE Employee Development Center – DOLE Phils. Inc., Polomolok, South
Cotabato
(August 7-8, 2014)
Maintenance Repair and Overhaul Solutions
(Cro-Magnon Corporation)
Facilities Engineering - DOLE Phils. Inc., Polomolok, South Cotabato
(July 17, 2014)
Values Club President
Polomolok National High School
(S.Y. 2010-2011)

85
 CURRICULUM VITAE

DANILO SANAMA BAGI JR.

09099064787

bagidanilo@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Present Address: Prk. 2 Lote Brgy. Rubber, Polomolok, South Cotabato

Age: 25 Yrs. Old

Birthdate: September 7, 1994

Birthplace: Polomolok, South Cotabato

Religion: United Pentecostal Church

Father’s Name: Danilo E. Bagi Sr.

Mothers’ Name: Julia S. Bagi

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:

Jose Nativedad Jr Elementary School (2002-2009)

Secondary:

Poblacion Polomolok National High School (PNHS) (2009-2015)

Tertiary:

B.E.S.T. College of Polomolok Inc. (2016 – 2020)

Course: Bachelor in Technical Teacher Education major in Electrical Technology

86
TRAININGS, SEMINARS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

Kabugwason Paglaum Scholarship Program (KPSP) Scholar

2017-Present
BTTR/BTVTE Department President
B.E.S.T. College of Polomolok Inc.
(S.Y. 2019-2020)
National Certificate II in Electrical Installation and Maintenance
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
March 21, 2019
Electrical Safety and Awareness Seminar
Tropiland Hotel
August 22-23, 2018
National Certificate II in Plumbing
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
June 23, 2017
Indigenous People Training and Leadership Program
Polomolok National High School
April 16-19, 2015

87
 CURRICULUM VITAE

CLYDE ABE DACAYO

09076690526

Clydedacayo@gmail.com

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Present Address: 2361 Kaunlaran Subdivision, Polomolok, South Cotabato

Age: 21 Yrs. Old

Birthdate: July 13, 1998

Birthplace: Polomolok, South Cotabato

Religion: UCCP

Father’s Name: Richard C. Dacayo

Mothers’ Name: Ma. Christina A. Dacayo

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Elementary:

Polomolok Central Elementary School (2003-2010)

Secondary:

St. Lorenzo School of Polomolok Inc. (2010-2015)

Tertiary:

B.E.S.T. College of Polomolok Inc. (2016 – 2020)

Course: Bachelor in Technical Teacher Education major in Electrical Technology

TRAININGS, SEMINARS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

National Certificate II in Electrical Installation and Maintenance

Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
March 21, 2019

88
89