Chapter 5

Elements of Maintenance

October, 2023

By : Behailu Mamo

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Introduction
Broadly speaking, the elements in a maintenance
technology can be classified as:
Attendance (operation)

Servicing

Repair (replace, repair, overhaul, rebuild)

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 1. Attendance
Attendance is the right way of avoiding mal-operation which
influences the damages and indirectly the maintenance.

 The fundamentals for the use of any technical means of

production are :
 proper use of operating instructions provided in operators

manuals;
 proper use of service instructions given in service instructions; and

 following proper maintenance procedures and instructions as

outlined in maintenance manuals

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 Cont…

 Knowledge of these instructions is essential in attending the

machine.

 In this respect qualification of operators, maintenance

personnel and management is a requirement .

 Proper attendance avoids subjective damages and minimizes

objective damages.

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 2. Servicing

Servicing of a machine is important in decelerating

wear of damage of machine parts.

Important measures to be taken is servicing are:

 Cleaning

Lubricating

Adjusting

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Cont…
 In addition to this servicing operations, the following are

required periodically to keep an item in proper operating

condition:
 to preserve,

 to drain,

 to paint,

 to replenish fuel,
 to replenish lub, or gases

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 Cleaning

 Penetration of dust, dirt deposited, etc accelerate the

wear processes and corrosion of machine components.

 Hence cleaning makes the preliminary maintenance

element, cleaning should be done in short time intervals

and the means used for cleaning should not be corrosive
and should not damage paints, working surfaces etc.

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 Cont…

 For cleaning processes detergents can be used, but

compatibility with working environment should be

given due attention.

 Accessories like water jet, steam jet or compressed

air can be used to assist cleaning of machinery.

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 Lubrication
 A lubrication has the task of reducing friction between
mating surfaces with relative motion, transfer of heat
generated and prevention of dust and other materials
from entering into the working environment.

 Rules of lubrication includes :

 Use the right lubrication and specified amount;

 Cleanliness of lubricant is important

 Complete replacement of lubricant

 Avoiding contamination at the point of lubrication

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 Cont…

 In the process of lubrication , taking good care of

filters have a great importance

 The task of filters is to separate wear products and

contaminates from the lubricant to reduce wear

process.

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 3. Repair
 Repair is the totality of measures of restoration with the

aim of determined final state, or quality, or condition of

equipment

 Classification of repair activities is based on various

considerations. These considerations are:

 time related to breakdown

 number of elements involved in the repair task

 nature of repair activity

 territorial, or

 labour involved
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 Classification
of Repair

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 Cont…
 Replace: To remove an unserviceable item and install a

serviceable counterpart in its place.

 Repair: The application of maintenance actions, including

fault location/troubleshooting, removal, installation, and

disassembly/assembly procedures, and maintenance actions
to identify troubles and restore serviceability to an item by
correcting specific damage, fault, malfunction, or failure in a
part, sub-assembly, module (component or assembly), end
item, or system.
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 Cont…
 Overhaul: Maintenance effort /action prescribed to

restore an item to a completely serviceable/operational

condition as required by maintenance standards in
appropriate technical publications.

 Overhaul is normally the highest degree of maintenance

performed by the industry.

 Overhaul does not normally return an item to like new

condition.

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 Cont…
 Rebuild: consists of those actions necessary for the restoration

of unserviceable equipment to a new-like condition in

accordance with original manufacturing standards.

 Rebuild is the highest degree of material maintenance applied

to any equipment.

 Rebuild operation includes the act of returning to zero those

age measurements (hours/Kms, etc.) considered in classifying

equipment/components.

 Reconditioning, renovation or others such terms are also used

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for rebuild.
 Thank you

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