sete
= plasmid digestion patteeng
—"RNA restichon an alycis
— Randomly amplified (RAPD)
— ResrichOn fagrent lengt,
polymorPhiinn (AFLP) phenotypic identification wethod —
—morpholog:cal, phyfolog‘cal, bo —
hemi E
Significance 0F heaving 4 eee) aes
scitnhc nore
AFLP and Mus ‘ho,
enable serenhsts Fon all ote * = CO (ort
He world to firdly exchage
information .
HGRA : SubgroUP “fiin He Specieg that hag unique
choracterithes that drstiaguish it fiom obbee sh-ding Type strain Reference strain
‘A sirain that is
widely used within
Definition Nomoncinrel pe of the the scientitic
hsat ‘community and
industry.
Tn general, authors who first
Jdescribed the species should
Jdesignate the type strain of the
Proposed by proposed new species. If no type| nea ts oe
strain is designated, the name of
species can be validated
according to ICNP.
No (Absolutely no
meaning in the
come eee 2. Yes axonomy including
species
identification)
“a _| ATCC 1175 = CCUG 20300
Sxanhe (or Escherichia. |psy4 30083 = NBRC 102203 | K12 MG1665
KCTC 2441 = JCM 1649
The superscript T Nothing
Designated by (e.g. Escherichia coli ATCC ~——|(e.g. Escherichia
117757) coli K12 MG4665)
‘Salmonella is classified as follows:
Domain: Bacteria (Eubacteria)
“Phylum: Proteobacteria
*Class: Gammaproteobacteria
‘Order: Enterobacteriales
smily: Enterobacteriaceae
It is made up of two main species that inclu
+Salmonella enterica
Salmonella bongort
“The sub-species classification of Salmonella, however, involves grouping
the organisms as follows:
-Serotypes,
+Strains
Genotypes
species
> Subspecies
* sain
* Serotype
Genotype - the genetic makeup of the organism
* pathogenicity
‘genotype contributes to
|. general characteristics of organisms
Ji, a direct impact on the type of strain and
serotypes. ‘lasiication of subspecies based on Serotypes serovar (Serological variant)
‘Sia Sepa
‘Serogroup i a group of bacteria containing a common
antigen. & serogroup may contain several serotypes.
‘Serotypes and Antigen ‘Salmonella Serotyoes
= The similar antigens trigger the + Currentty there are well over 2500 serotypes of
release of similar antibodies. ‘Salmonella,
+ All the serotypes have been shown to be
Capable of causing diseases in human beings
= The different antigens on the with a few being host specifi.
‘capsule trigger the release of
Siferent antibodies.
+ Some ofthe most commen Salmonella
= Organisms with similar serotypes include:
antigens are collectively referred
to'as's serogroup. +5, enterica serotype Dublin
+S. enterica serotype Choleraesuis
+5. enterica serotype Typhimurium
+S. enterica serotype Enteritidis,
Genotype
+ the term use to refer tothe compete set of genes orthe genetic makeup of» given
iam, This Set of genes (Qenetc information) Incudes instruction that utimately
Setermines the choracenstis of he organism mits eneronment
Genetic information is inherited from the parent organism and passed down tothe
‘new generation and so on. Over time, however, the genete Information may change
235 has been observed with some strains of bactei
the strain acquires genetic material from other stain in their surrounding,
lwhich may impact some characterises ofthe organist
Even without changes in the genetic makeup ofthe organism, epigenetic factors,
‘and various environmental factors may nfience the characteristics of the
‘organism. In such cases, despite having similar genotypes, two organisms may
Rave diferent characteristics
iv fst an be dw deine DNA rele
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