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FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Kumar, S
Kumar, R
Bandopadhyay, A
AF Kumar, Sanjay
Kumar, Rakesh
Bandopadhyay, Amitava
TI Innovative methodologies for the utilisation of wastes from
metallurgical and allied industries
SO RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
LA English
DT Review
DE waste management; value added products; recycling; metal recovery;
utilisation of granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash; mechanical
activation
ID MECHANICAL ACTIVATION
AB This paper is an overview on the utilisation of solid wastes with focus on blast
furnace slag, red mud and fly ash generated in large quantities from iron and steel
industry; primary aluminium production and coal fired power plants, respectively.
Innovative methodologies, based on the recent research by the authors, are
highlighted and these include: (a) smelting reduction of red mud to produce pig
iron and titania rich slag, (b) mechanical activation of the slag and fly ash to
prepare improved blended cements in terms of higher usage of waste and enhanced
cement properties, (c) synergistic usage of fly ash, blast furnace slag and iron
ore tailings in the preparation of floor and wall tiles and (d) preparation of
synthetic granite from fly ash as a value added product. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 CSIR, Natl Met Lab, Jamshedpur 831007, Bihar, India.
C3 Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - India; CSIR -
National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML)
RP Kumar, S (corresponding author), CSIR, Natl Met Lab, Jamshedpur 831007, Bihar,
India.
EM sanjay_kumar_nml@yahoo.com
RI Kumar, Rakesh/J-4685-2012; Kumar, Rakesh/IAP-9601-2023
OI Kumar, Rakesh/0000-0002-8967-3855; Kumar, Rakesh/0000-0003-3698-0445;
Kumar, Sanjay/0000-0002-0685-9911
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NR 43
TC 257
Z9 278
U1 10
U2 125
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-3449
EI 1879-0658
J9 RESOUR CONSERV RECY
JI Resour. Conserv. Recycl.
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 48
IS 4
BP 301
EP 314
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.03.003
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
WE Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 092YI
UT WOS:000241133200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tsakiridis, PE
AF Tsakiridis, P. E.
TI Aluminium salt slag characterization and utilization - A review
SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Aluminium salt slag; Properties, Utilization; Waste processing
ID DROSS; WASTE; RECOVERY; CAKE; MANAGEMENT; PRODUCTS; METALS; REUSE
AB Aluminium salt slag (also known as aluminium salt cake), which is produced by
the secondary aluminium industry, is formed during aluminium scrap/dross melting
and contains 15-30% aluminium oxide, 30-55% sodium chloride. 15-30% potassium
chloride. 5-7% metallic aluminium and impurities (carbides, nitrides, sulphides and
phosphides). Depending on the raw mix the amount of salt slag produced per tonne of
secondary aluminium ranges from 200 to 500 kg. As salt slag has been classified as
toxic and hazardous waste, it should be managed in compliance with the current
legislation. Its landfill disposal is forbidden in most of the European countries
and it should be recycled and processed in a proper way by taking the environmental
impact into consideration. This paper presents a review of the aluminium salt slag
chemical and mineralogical characteristics, as well as various processes for metal
recovery, recycling of sodium and potassium chlorides content back to the smelting
process and preparation of value added products from the final non metallic
residue. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Tech Univ Athens 9, Dept Mining & Met Engn, Athens 15780, Greece.
C3 National Technical University of Athens
RP Tsakiridis, PE (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens 9, Dept Mining &
Met Engn, Iroon Polytechniou St, Athens 15780, Greece.
EM ptsakiri@central.ntua.gr
RI Tsakiridis, Petros/AAH-6232-2019
OI Tsakiridis, Petros/0000-0002-2180-2454
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NR 67
TC 149
Z9 167
U1 11
U2 152
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3894
J9 J HAZARD MATER
JI J. Hazard. Mater.
PD MAY 30
PY 2012
VL 217
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.052
PG 10
GA 941DJ
UT WOS:000303943600001
PM 22480708
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Okuyama, G
Yamaguchi, K
Takeuchi, S
Sorimachi, K
AF Okuyama, G
Yamaguchi, K
Takeuchi, S
Sorimachi, K
TI Effect of slag composition on the kinetics of formation of
Al2O3-MgO inclusions in aluminum killed ferritic
stainless steel
SO ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE secondary steelmaking; stainless steel; slag; inclusion
AB Kinetics of both slag/metal reactions and metal/inclusion reactions were
investigated experimentally using 20 kg vacuum induction furnace in order to
clarify the mechanism of the formation Of MgAl2O4 spinel inclusions in aluminum
killed ferritic stainless steel (SUS430). The results obtained are summarized as
follows :
1) By reducing CaO/SiO2 and CaO/Al2O3 ratio of top slag, MgO contents in Al2O3
based inclusions decreased.
2) The two film theory was employed to analyze the rate determining step of
slag/metal reaction (reduction of MgO in top slag). By this model, it was found
that the rate determining step of the reaction was the mass transfer of Mg through
the film in molten steel. The increase rate of Mg in molten steel is determined by
the activities of soluble oxygen and MgO at the slag/metal interface, and hence by
slag composition.
3) The unreacted core model was employed to analyze the rate determining step of
metal/inclusions reaction.
The analysis showed that the rate determining step of the reaction in the case
of 20 kg vacuum induction furnace was the diffusion of Mg in molten steel.
C1 Kawasaki Steel Corp, Tech Res Labs, Chuo Ku, Chiba 2600835, Japan.
C3 Kawasaki Heavy Industries
RP Okuyama, G (corresponding author), Kawasaki Steel Corp, Tech Res Labs, Chuo Ku,
Chiba 2600835, Japan.
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U1 1
U2 28
PU IRON STEEL INST JAPAN KEIDANREN KAIKAN
PI TOKYO
PA 9-4 OTEMACHI 1-CHOME CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100, JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2000
VL 40
IS 2
BP 121
EP 128
DI 10.2355/isijinternational.40.121
PG 8
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 290EA
UT WOS:000085662200004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, DS
Zhao, LS
Liu, YH
Qi, T
Wang, JC
Wang, LN
AF Chen, Desheng
Zhao, Longsheng
Liu, Yahui
Qi, Tao
Wang, Jianchong
Wang, Lina
TI A novel process for recovery of iron, titanium, and vanadium from
titanomagnetite concentrates: NaOH molten salt roasting and water
leaching processes
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanomagnetite concentrates; Rich titanium-vanadium slag; NaOH molten
salt roasting; Water leaching
ID DECOMPOSITION; SLAG
AB A novel process for recovering iron, titanium, and vanadium from titanomagnetite
concentrates has been developed. In the present paper, the treatment of rich
titanium-vanadium slag by NaOH molten salt roasting and water leaching processes is
investigated. In the NaOH molten salt roasting process, the metallic iron is
oxidized into ferriferous oxide, MgTi2O5 is converted to NaCl-type structure of
Na2TiO3, and M3O5 (M = Ti, Mg, Fe) is converted to alpha-NaFeO2-type structure of
NaMO2, respectively. Roasting temperature and NaOH-slag mass ratio played a
considerable role in the conversion of titanium in the rich titanium-vanadium slag
during the NaOH molten salt roasting process. Roasting at 500 degrees C for 60 min
and a 1:1 NaOH-slag mass ratio produces 96.3% titanium conversion. In the water
leaching process, the Na+ was exchanged with H+, Na2TiO3 is converted to undefined
structure of H2TiO3, and NaMO2 is converted to alpha-NaFeO2-type structure of HMO2.
Under the optimal conditions, 87.3% of the sodium, 42.3% of the silicon, 43.2% of
the aluminum, 22.8% of the manganese, and 96.6% of the vanadium are leached out.
Crown Copyright (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Desheng; Zhao, Longsheng; Liu, Yahui; Qi, Tao; Wang, Jianchong; Wang,
Lina] Natl Engn Lab Hydromet Cleaner Prod Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Desheng; Zhao, Longsheng; Liu, Yahui; Qi, Tao; Wang, Jianchong; Wang,
Lina] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Key Lab Green Proc & Engn, Beijing 100190,
Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Process Engineering, CAS;
Chinese Academy of Sciences
RP Wang, LN (corresponding author), Natl Engn Lab Hydromet Cleaner Prod Technol,
Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM linawang@home.ipe.ac.cn
RI Wang, Li-Na/T-7047-2018
OI Wang, Li-Na/0000-0002-9194-3527
FU Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51090380]; National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars
of China [51125018]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51004091, 51104139, 21006115]
FX This work was financially supported by the Major Program of the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51090380), the National
Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (Grant No.
51125018), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
Nos. 51004091, 51104139 and 21006115).
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NR 32
TC 136
Z9 148
U1 12
U2 168
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-3894
EI 1873-3336
J9 J HAZARD MATER
PD JAN 15
PY 2013
VL 244
BP 588
EP 595
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.052
PG 8
GA 090ST
UT WOS:000315001000069
PM 23177244
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chung, Y
Cramb, AW
AF Chung, Y
Cramb, AW
TI Dynamic and equilibrium interfacial phenomena in liquid steel-slag
systems
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Geoffrey Belton Memorial Symposium
CY JAN, 2000
CL SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA
ID ISOTOPE EXCHANGE-REACTION; SURFACE-TENSION; REACTION-KINETICS;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; IRON; ALLOYS; METAL; CO2; DECARBURIZATION; CONTACT
AB The equilibrium interfacial energy between a liquid iron alloy and a liquid slag
is a key physical parameter in the design of steel-refining processes as high
interfacial energies are desired to avoid emulsification of slag in steel and the
creation of casting defects. During a chemical reaction between a liquid iron alloy
droplet and a liquid slag, it is possible to observe by X-ray photography a number
of dynamic interfacial phenomena such as droplet flattening, interfacial
turbulence, and spontaneous emulsification that can potentially lead to serious
processing problems. These dynamic phenomena have been studied during reactions
between Fe-Al and Fe-Ti alloys and silica-containing slags, and the presence of
significant interfacial disturbance has been observed during the times of high
reaction rate between the slag and the metal. It is suggested that interfacial
chemical reactions induce Marangoni and natural convection at the slag-metal
interface. This interfacial flow gives rise to interfacial waves due to a Kelvin-
Helmholtz instability. The waves grow, become unstable, and lead to spontaneous
emulsification of slag in steel and steel in slag. Experiments using industrial
samples and controlled laboratory tests have indicated that this phenomenon may be
more common than once thought and could lead to some serious problems in the
processing of steel alloys containing high quantities of aluminum and/or titanium.
C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University
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NR 63
TC 131
Z9 138
U1 1
U2 43
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5615
J9 METALL MATER TRANS B
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2000
VL 31
IS 5
BP 957
EP 971
DI 10.1007/s11663-000-0072-5
PG 15
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
WE Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Conference Proceedings Citation
Index - Science (CPCI-S)
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 365PV
UT WOS:000089960400010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cho, JW
Blazek, K
Frazee, M
Yin, HB
Park, JH
Moon, SW
AF Cho, Jung-Wook
Blazek, Kenneth
Frazee, Michael
Yin, Hongbin
Park, Jeong Hyouk
Moon, Sang-Woon
TI Assessment of CaO-Al2O3 Based Mold Flux System for
High Aluminum TRIP Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE mold flux; lime-alumina; alumina pickup; mold heat transfer; lubrication
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TRANSFER; VISCOSITY; STEEL; SLAB;
SOLIDIFICATION; RATIO; NA2O; AL; TI
AB Today, the demands for Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) have gradually
increased due to their ability to reduce vehicle weight as a means to save energy,
reduce the environmental impact while simultaneously improving passenger safety.
However, AHSS often require the addition of large amounts of alloying elements such
as aluminum and this can make it difficult to cast sound slabs without surface
defects. When casting high aluminum AHSS, due to the reaction between aluminum in
steel and silica in mold flux, the viscosity and crystallization characteristics of
the mold slag changes drastically, and deteriorates mold lubrication. Therefore, it
is critical to limit the reaction between Al in steel and mold slag and at the same
time to provide consistent and adequate mold slag in-use properties. This paper
describes the development of non-traditional lime-alumina based mold fluxes which
have the potential to reduce slag-steel interaction during casting of high aluminum
TRIP steel. Several trial casts of 1.45% Al TRIP steel have been conducted on a
pilot caster to examine the performance of mold fluxes developed. When the lime-
alumina based mold fluxes were applied successfully, alumina pickup was reduced to
less than 5% as compared to 15% alumina pickup for corollary trial casts using
conventional lime-silica mold fluxes. The developed lime-alumna mold fluxes showed
improved in-mold performance as indicated by enhanced lubrication and stable mold
heat transfer, again compared to lime-silica fluxes. Cast slabs from the trials
using these lime-alumina fluxes have periodic and sound oscillation marks and
minimized defects.
C1 [Cho, Jung-Wook] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, GIFT, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Cho, Jung-Wook; Moon, Sang-Woon] POSCO, Steelmaking Res Grp, Tech Res Lab,
Pohang 790785, South Korea.
[Blazek, Kenneth; Yin, Hongbin] ArcelorMittal Global Res EC USA, E Chicago, IN
46312 USA.
[Frazee, Michael] Global Met Mkt S&B Ind Minerals SA, Niagara Falls, NY 14302
USA.
[Park, Jeong Hyouk] Stollberg & Samil CO LTD, Pohang 790240, South Korea.
C3 Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); POSCO;
ArcelorMittal
RP Cho, JW (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, GIFT, Pohang 790784,
South Korea.
EM jungwook@postech.ac.kr
RI Cho, Jung-Wook/A-8142-2013; Yin, Hong/AAC-5784-2020
OI Cho, Jung-Wook/0000-0003-2364-1938;
CR Blazek K., 2011, ECCC METEC STEEL I V
Blazek K., 2011, AISTECH 2011 AIST WA
Cho J, 1998, ISIJ INT, V38, P440, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.38.440
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Meng YA, 2003, METALL MATER TRANS B, V34, P685, DOI 10.1007/s11663-003-0040-y
Nakada H, 2008, ISIJ INT, V48, P446, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.48.446
Park HS, 2011, METALL MATER TRANS B, V42, P324, DOI 10.1007/s11663-011-9474-9
Todoroki H, 2005, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V413, P121, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.181
Tsukaguchi Y, 2011, TETSU TO HAGANE, V97, P433, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.97.433
Wang H, 2011, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V38, P369, DOI 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000011
Wang WL, 2008, METALL MATER TRANS B, V39, P66, DOI 10.1007/s11663-007-9110-x
Yin H., 2006, AISTECH 2006 AIST WA, P753
Zhang ZT, 2008, ISIJ INT, V48, P739, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.48.739
NR 18
TC 130
Z9 132
U1 0
U2 26
PI TOKYO
PA NIIKURA BLDG 2F, 2 KANDA-TSUKASACHO 2-CHOME, TOKYO, CHIYODA-KU 101-0048,
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 1
BP 62
EP 70
PG 9
GA 102HC
UT WOS:000315834700009
OA gold, Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LF
Gao, JW
Damoah, LNW
Robertson, DG
AF Zhang, Lifeng
Gao, Jianwei
Damoah, Lucas Nana Wiredu
Robertson, David G.
TI REMOVAL OF IRON FROM ALUMINUM: A REVIEW
SO MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Review
DE alloys; aluminum; iron removal; modification
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC EXPULSIVE FORCE; EXTRUDED AL-7SI-0.3MG ALLOY; 3-LAYER
ELECTROLYSIS CELL; FE-RICH INTERMETALLICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CASTING
ALLOYS; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PURITY ALUMINUM;
MOLTEN ALUMINUM
AB In this paper, the Fe-rich phases in and their detrimental effect on aluminum
alloys are summarized. The existence of brittle platelet beta-Fe-rich phases lowers
the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. The methods to neutralize the
detrimental effect of iron are discussed. The use of high cooling rate, solution
heat treatment, and addition of elements such as Mn, Cr, Be, Co, Mo, Ni, V, W, Cu,
Sr, or the rare earth elements Y, Nd, La, and Ce are reported to modify the
platelet Fe-rich phases in aluminum alloys. The mechanism of the modification is
briefly described. Technologies to remove iron from aluminum are reviewed
extensively. The precipitation and removal of Fe-rich phases (sludge) are
discussed. The dense phases can be removed by methods such as gravitational
separation, electromagnetic (EM) separation, and centrifuge. Other methods include
electrolysis, electro-slag refining, fractional solidification, and fluxing
refining. The expensive three-layer cell electrolysis process is the most
successful technique to remove iron from aluminum so far.
C1 [Zhang, Lifeng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lifeng; Gao, Jianwei; Damoah, Lucas Nana Wiredu; Robertson, David G.]
Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO USA.
[Gao, Jianwei] Shanghai Inst Qual Inspect & Tech Res, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Missouri
System; Missouri University of Science & Technology
RP Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM zhanglifeng@ustb.edu.cn
RI Damoah, Lucas/P-2863-2018
OI Damoah, Lucas/0000-0002-1745-3722
FU Research Board Grant; Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and
Modeling (GPMM); Material Research Center (MRC); Intelligent Systems
Center (ISC) at Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri
ST)
FX This research is supported by the Research Board Grant, Laboratory of
Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling (GPMM), Material Research Center
(MRC), Intelligent Systems Center (ISC) at Missouri University of
Science and Technology (Missouri S&T).
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NR 185
TC 130
Z9 146
U1 21
U2 160
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0882-7508
EI 1547-7401
J9 MIN PROC EXT MET REV
JI Miner. Process Extr. Metall. Rev.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 2
BP 99
EP 157
DI 10.1080/08827508.2010.542211
PG 59
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 919EC
UT WOS:000302303600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Deng, ZY
Zhu, MY
AF Deng, Zhiyin
Zhu, Miaoyong
TI Evolution Mechanism of Non-metallic Inclusions in Al-Killed Alloyed
Steel during Secondary Refining Process
LA English
DT Article
DE non-metallic inclusions; spinel; calcium aluminate; thermodynamic
calculation; evolution mechanism; secondary refining
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; FREE-ENERGIES; THERMODYNAMICS; CALCIUM;
ALUMINUM
AB The evolution mechanism of inclusions in Al-killed alloyed steel during
secondary refining process was studied by industrial experiments and thermodynamic
calculations. It is found that during the tapping process, Al-O deoxidization
reaction is very close to equilibrium with the formation of many Al2O3 clusters.
With the slag/steel reaction, inclusions vary with the route as Al2O3 inclusions ->
MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions -> CaO-MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions, and finally change
into globular inclusions surrounded by CaO-Al2O3 outer layer, of which the melting
point is lower than liquid steel temperature. Since MgO is less stable than CaO and
it is easier to be reduced by Al, dissolved Mg is generated earlier and faster than
Ca before LF refining, thus the MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions form at first. The
mapping photos of inclusions show that the evolution mechanism of MgO-Al2O3 system
inclusions into CaO-MgO-Al2O3 system inclusions is Ca element substitution for Mg
element in MgO-Al2O3 inclusions. The line scanning shows that there is also the
reaction of Ca element substitution for Al element in the outer CaO-Al2O3 layer
without MgO.
C1 [Deng, Zhiyin; Zhu, Miaoyong] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
C3 Northeastern University - China
RP Zhu, MY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
110819, Peoples R China.
EM myzhu@mail.neu.edu.cn
RI Deng, Zhiyin/K-8739-2017
OI Deng, Zhiyin/0000-0002-0338-5896
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51134009]; Specialized
Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
[20110042110010]
FX The authors gratefully express their appreciation to National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51134009) and the Specialized
Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
(Grant No. 20110042110010) for supporting this work. The authors also
wish to thank Mr. Baojun ZHONG and Mr. Yonggang DAI in Xingtai Steel of
China for their great help in this work.
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U2 66
PI TOKYO
PA TEKKO KAIKAN-5F, 3-2-10, NIHONBASHI-KAYABACHO, TOKYO, CHUO-KU 103-0025,
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 450
EP 458
PG 9
GA 114XO
UT WOS:000316776500010
OA Green Submitted, gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Holappa, L
Hämäläinen, M
Liukkonen, M
Lind, M
AF Holappa, L
Hämäläinen, M
Liukkonen, M
Lind, M
TI Thermodynamic examination of inclusion modification and precipitation
from calcium treatment to solidified steel
SO IRONMAKING & STEELMAKING
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Clean Steel
CY JUN 10-12, 2002
CL BALATONFURED, HUNGARY
AB Calcium treatment is a well established method to transform oxide and sulphide
inclusions in steel to less harmful inclusions which can have beneficial effects on
properties. Transformation of solid alumina clusters to liquid calcium aluminates
by calcium is a much used technique to avoid nozzle blocking in continuous casting
of aluminium deoxidised steels. Calcium treatment is also a key method to improve
machinability, which can be further improved by increased sulphur content.
Resulphurised steels, however, tend to have casting problems due to deficient
modification of oxides or formation of solid CaS inclusions which also have a
tendency to clog the nozzle. In this study, the formation and transformation of
liquid and solid inclusions containing oxidic and sulphiclic components were
examined by thermodynamic calculations. A quasichemical slag model was applied to
calculate equilibrium oxide and sulphide inclusions in steel. Calculations were
carried out over a wide temperature range to study the formation of species in the
melt corresponding to ladle treatment conditions as well as casting. To examine
inclusion behaviour during casting and solidification, the interdendritic
solidification model, IDS, was coupled with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations.
The results show the conditions in which liquid inclusions can be formed with
calcium treatment. The calculations were performed at different temperatures and
varying calcium, aluminium and sulphur contents. The effect of total oxygen content
was also studied. The main components in liquid calcium aluminates were CaO and
Al2O3 plus some SiO2 and CaS. The stability relations of different compounds alter
as a function of temperature. An abrupt change occurs during solidification when
the partition of the inclusion forming elements between the liquid and solid iron
phases are taken into account.
C1 Aalto Univ, FIN-02015 Espoo, Finland.
C3 Aalto University
RP Holappa, L (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, POB 6200, FIN-02015 Espoo,
Finland.
EM lauri.holappa@hut.fi
RI Lind, Minna/F-3370-2012
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NR 23
TC 125
Z9 142
U1 0
U2 45
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
JI Ironmak. Steelmak.
PD APR
PY 2003
VL 30
IS 2
BP 111
EP 115
DI 10.1179/030192303225001748
PG 5
GA 680HT
UT WOS:000182970800005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Sohn, I
AF Kim, Hyuk
Sohn, Il
TI Effect of CaF2 and Li2O Additives on the Viscosity
of CaO-SiO2 Na2O Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE mold flux; CaF2; Li2O; viscosity; XPS; slag structure
ID CAO-CAF2-SIO2; GLASSES; MELTS; MGO
AB High aluminum containing steels react vigorously with silica-based mold fluxes
to form alumina. The change in alumina content increases the viscosity and thus
silica-based mold fluxes are compensated with significant amounts of Na2O, CaF2,
and Li2O to ensure both lubrication and heat transfer control. Detailed viscosity
studies using the rotating spindle method showed that additions of CaF2 up to 8 wt%
in the CaO-SiO2-12wt%Na2O system at a constant CaO/SiO2 ratio of 0.8 decreases the
viscosity by breaking the network structure of molten fluxes, but is negligible
above 8 wt%. A similar modification of the network was observed for Li2O up to 2 wt
%. The viscosity data was correlated with the XPS analysis and verified CaF2 and
Li2O as effective in modifying complex silicate structures into simpler silicate
structures depending on the availability of complex silicates and thus was limited
to below certain concentrations.
C1 [Kim, Hyuk; Sohn, Il] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749, South
Korea.
C3 Yonsei University
RP Kim, H (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749,
South Korea.
EM ilsohn@yonsei.ac.kr
RI SOHN, IL/I-5815-2012
FU Division of the Humantronics Information Materials; Yonsei University;
National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0007442] Funding Source:
Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National
Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
FX This study was partially supported by the Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Project
the Division of the Humantronics Information Materials and the Yonsei
University Research Fund of 2009. The authors are also grateful for the
helpful comments from the reviewers.
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NR 20
TC 123
Z9 127
U1 4
U2 35
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
PG 8
GA 712RL
UT WOS:000286683800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, M
Wang, DH
Wang, WG
Hu, XH
Jin, XB
Chen, GZ
AF Ma, Meng
Wang, Dihua
Wang, Wenguang
Hu, Xiaohong
Jin, Xianbo
Chen, George Z.
TI Extraction of titanium from different titania precursors by the FFC
Cambridge process
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemical reactions; solid state reactions; electrode materials;
metals and alloys; oxide materials
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; MOLTEN-SALTS; DIOXIDE; OXYGEN
AB Cheap titania precursors including titania dust, metatitanic acid (solid) and
titanium-rich slag were tested as the feeding materials in the FFC Cambridge
process (laboratory scale). Porous pellets (similar to 20 mm in diameter, 2.0-3.0
mm in thickness) of the precursor were successfully reduced to titanium metal or
alloy by constant voltage electrolysis (2.9-3.1 V) in molten calcium chloride
(similar to 900 degrees C). The reduction was independent of the initial crystal
structure of the precursor. More importantly, some metallic impurities in the
titanium-rich slag, such as aluminium and manganese, were found to be partly or
completely removed after electrolysis. The current efficiency decreased with
electrolysis time, typically from 40% in the first 5 It to 20% in 12 h for the 2 mm
thick TiO2 pellets. The energy consumption of electrolysis was about 33 kWh/kg Ti
when the oxygen level in the produced metal was reduced to below 3000 ppm. Analyses
of the electrolysis data and of the phases and compositions in partially reduced
oxide pellets suggested strong dependence of the electro-reduction on mass (ion)
transfer in the pellet after metallisation of the pellet's surface. An earlier
proposed "double-melt electrolysis" was compared with the electrolysis data,
focusing on the origin and influence of background current. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.
C1 Wuhan Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
Univ Nottingham, Sch Chem Environm & Min Engn, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
C3 Wuhan University; University of Nottingham
RP Wang, DH (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ, Coll Chem & Mol Sci, Wuhan 430072,
Peoples R China.
EM wangdh@whu.edu.cn; george.chen@nottingham.ac.uk
RI Wang, Dihua/G-5728-2011; Jin, Xianbo/A-9109-2012; Chen, George
Zheng/A-4577-2009
OI Wang, Dihua/0000-0003-2364-8718; Jin, Xianbo/0000-0002-3095-8979; Chen,
George Zheng/0000-0002-5589-5767
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NR 26
TC 115
Z9 132
U1 1
U2 96
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD AUG 31
PY 2006
VL 420
IS 1-2
BP 37
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.10.048
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 067JY
UT WOS:000239299300009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xiong, SJ
Burvall, J
Örberg, H
Kalen, G
Thyrel, M
Öhman, M
Boström, D
AF Xiong, Shaojun
Burvall, Jan
Orberg, Håkan
Kalen, Gunnar
Thyrel, Mikael
Ohman, Marcus
Bostrom, Dan
TI Slagging characteristics during combustion of corn stovers with and
without kaolin and calcite
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID REED CANARY GRASS; BIOMASS; BIOENERGY; QUALITY; HARVEST; CHINA; CROP
AB Ash-related problems have more than occasionally been observed in biomass-fired
boilers and also recently in biopellet burners. These problems can lead to reduced
reliability of the combustion systems as well as bad publicity for the market. When
agricultural residues are used as biofuel feedstock, slagging problems will be
worse. The objectives of the present work were, therefore, to examine the effects
of kaolin and calcite addition on the slagging tendency of corn stover fuel when
corn stover pellets are burned in a small-scale appliance and determine the slag
characteristics during combustion. Pellets with an additive/fuel ratio of 3% (dry
mass) were combusted in an underfed burner (50 kW) that is installed in a boiler
with 90 kW output. The choice of 3% additive/fuel ratio was based on analyses of
the ash melting behavior of seven fuel mixtures that combine either 0-3% kaolin or
0-3% calcite and corn stovers. The 3% kaolin and calcite addition increased the ash
melting temperature (IT) by about 100-200 degrees C. When the 3% kaolin or calcite
was added to the corn stover raw material, the severe slagging tendency of the fuel
was considerably reduced. The slag quantities from burning kaolin- and calcite-
added fuels were about half and one-third, respectively, of that from nonadditive
pellets. The slag deposits from the burner were characterized with scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) and
X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD was also used to examine the chemical composition
of corresponding bottom ash in the boiler. The results indicated that the reduction
of slagging when using additives can be attributed to a change from relatively low
melting temperature silicates to higher melting temperature silicates. For the corn
stover without additives, the low melting fractions of the slag were assumed to
consist mainly of potassium calcium silicate, indirectly observed as a glass by the
XRD. When kaolin was added, a depletion of potassium was observed because of the
extensive formation of leucite (KAlSi2O6) and the glass became dominated by
calcium, aluminum, and silicon. This process was accompanied by a considerable
reduction of glass amount. In the case of CaCO3 addition, however, calcium
magnesium silicates formed to an extent that the glass (low melting material)
finally became dominated by potassium silicate. This process was also accompanied
by a substantial reduction of the amount of glass.
C1 [Xiong, Shaojun; Burvall, Jan; Orberg, Håkan; Kalen, Gunnar; Thyrel, Mikael]
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Unit Biomass Technol & Chem, SE-90403 Umea, Sweden.
[Ohman, Marcus] Lulea Univ Technol, Div Energy Engn, SE-97187 Lulea, Sweden.
[Bostrom, Dan] Umea Univ, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden.
C3 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Lulea University of
Technology; Umea University
RP Xiong, SJ (corresponding author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Unit Biomass Technol &
Chem, SE-90403 Umea, Sweden.
EM shaojun.xiong@btk.slu.se
OI Thyrel, Mikael/0000-0003-4748-2644; Xiong, Shaojun/0000-0001-5700-9493
FU China Kerchin Cattle Industries Ltd.; Swedish Energy Agency [STEM
30040-1]
FX The financial support from China Kerchin Cattle Industries Ltd. and the
Swedish Energy Agency (STEM 30040-1) are gratefully acknowledged. The
help given by Mr. Li He, Li Yi, Li Feng, and Song Yifei at China Kerchin
Cattle Industries Ltd. is very much appreciated. We are grateful to the
editor and four reviewers who provided valuable comments on the
manuscript and to Ann-Sofi Hahlin who helped LIS with optical pi of slag
morphology.
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NR 21
TC 108
Z9 116
U1 0
U2 73
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 5
BP 3465
EP 3470
DI 10.1021/ef700718j
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 350DK
UT WOS:000259332600077
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Capuzzi, S
Timelli, G
AF Capuzzi, Stefano
Timelli, Giulio
TI Preparation and Melting of Scrap in Aluminum Recycling: A Review
SO METALS
LA English
DT Review
DE recycling; scrap upgrading; secondary aluminum; furnace selection; slag
treatment
ID X-RAY TRANSMISSION; PROCESS PARAMETERS; SIZE-REDUCTION; BEVERAGE CANS;
COMMINUTION; FURNACE; METALS; ENERGY; IDENTIFICATION; BENEFITS
AB This work provides an overview of the aluminum (Al) recycling process, from the
scrap upgrading to the melting process. Innovations and new trends regarding the Al
recycling technologies are highlighted. Aluminum recycling offers advantages in
terms of environmental and economic benefits. The presence of deleterious
impurities in recycled Al alloys is increasing and this is the main drawback if
compared to primary alloys. The continuous growth of undesired elements can be
mitigated by different technologies, preliminary operations and treatments, and by
the optimization of the melting process. Downgrading and dilution are possible
solutions to reduce the rate of impurities, but they are not sustainable if the
final use of Al alloy continuously increases. The main objectives in the
development of the Al recycling are shown and discussed. In particular, the
evolution of preliminary treatments of the scrap, as sorting, comminution and de-
coating, is reported and a review of the melting technologies is also presented.
However, the choice of performing preliminary operations to the melting stage, thus
improving the operating conditions during the furnace running, is a trade-off
between costs and process efficiency.
C1 [Capuzzi, Stefano; Timelli, Giulio] Univ Padua, Dept Management & Engn, Str S
Nicola 3, I-36100 Vicenza, Italy.
C3 University of Padua
RP Timelli, G (corresponding author), Univ Padua, Dept Management & Engn, Str S
Nicola 3, I-36100 Vicenza, Italy.
EM capuzzi@gest.unipd.it; timelli@gest.unipd.it
RI Timelli, Giulio/K-3892-2015
OI Timelli, Giulio/0000-0002-7549-6499
FU EIT-Raw Materials; Padova University within the Summer and Winter School
programme (4L-Alloys)
FX This work was developed within the European Project 4-L Alloys (Life
Long Learning on Light Alloy: from Raw Materials to Sustainable
Products, funded by EIT-Raw Materials) and with the financial support of
the Padova University within the Summer and Winter School programme
(4L-Alloys). The authors would like to acknowledge the Italian
Association of Aluminum Refiners and Remelters (ASSIRAL).
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NR 86
TC 107
Z9 111
U1 19
U2 88
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD APR
PY 2018
VL 8
IS 4
AR 249
DI 10.3390/met8040249
PG 24
Engineering
GA GI9XA
UT WOS:000434882800052
OA Green Published, gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shirvanimoghaddam, K
Khayyam, H
Abdizadeh, H
Akbari, MK
Pakseresht, AH
Ghasali, E
Naebe, M
AF Shirvanimoghaddam, K.
Khayyam, H.
Abdizadeh, H.
Akbari, M. Karbalaei
Pakseresht, A. H.
Ghasali, E.
Naebe, M.
TI Boron carbide reinforced aluminium matrix composite: Physical,
mechanical characterization and mathematical modelling
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal matrix composite; B4C; Artificial neural network; Thin plate
spline
ID PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION; ENERGY MANAGEMENT; MOLTEN ALUMINUM;
NEURAL-NETWORK; WEAR BEHAVIOR; SIC PARTICLES; SPARK PLASMA; PREDICTION;
MICROSTRUCTURE; MICROWAVE
AB This paper investigates the manufacturing of aluminium boron carbide composites
using the stir casting method. Mechanical and physical properties tests to obtain
hardness, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and density are performed after
solidification of specimens. The results show that hardness and tensile strength of
aluminium based composite are higher than monolithic metal. Increasing the volume
fraction of B4C, enhances the tensile strength and hardness of the composite;
however over-loading of B4C caused particle agglomeration, rejection from molten
metal and migration to slag. This phenomenon decreases the tensile strength and
hardness of the aluminium based composite samples cast at 800 degrees C. For Al-15
vol% B4C samples, the ultimate tensile strength and Vickers hardness of the samples
that were cast at 1000 degrees C, are the highest among all composites. To predict
the mechanical properties of aluminium matrix composites, two key prediction
modelling methods including Neural Network learned by Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm
(NN-LMA) and Thin Plate Spline (TPS) models are constructed based on experimental
data. Although the results revealed that both mathematical models of mechanical
properties of Al-B4C are reliable with a high level of accuracy, the TPS models
predict the hardness and tensile strength values with less error compared to NN-LMA
models. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shirvanimoghaddam, K.; Khayyam, H.; Naebe, M.] Deakin Univ, Inst Frontier Mat,
Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia.
[Abdizadeh, H.] Univ Tehran, Sch Met & Mat Engn, POB 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran.
[Akbari, M. Karbalaei] Semnan Univ, Fac Met & Mat Engn, POB 35131-19111, Semnan,
Iran.
[Pakseresht, A. H.; Ghasali, E.] Mat & Energy Res Ctr, POB 31787-316, Karaj,
Iran.
C3 Deakin University; University of Tehran; Semnan University; Materials &
Energy Research Center (MERC)
RP Shirvanimoghaddam, K; Naebe, M (corresponding author), Deakin Univ, Inst
Frontier Mat, Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia.
EM kshirvan@deakin.edu.au; minoo.naebe@deakin.edu.au
RI Ghasali, Ehsan/ABB-1676-2021; Pakseresht, Amirhossein/Y-2290-2019;
Shirvanimoghaddam, Kamyar/ABF-5501-2020; abdizadeh, Hossein/W-3235-2018;
ghasali, ehsan/S-3764-2019
OI Ghasali, Ehsan/0000-0003-4010-2506; Pakseresht,
Amirhossein/0000-0001-6548-8113; Kara, Gheffar/0000-0003-1589-5778;
Khayyam, Hamid/0000-0001-9784-1452; Naebe, Minoo/0000-0002-0607-6327;
Karbalaei akbari, Mohammad/0000-0001-9367-8475; Shirvani Moghaddam,
Kamyar/0000-0002-8136-8389
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NR 64
TC 107
Z9 109
U1 3
U2 76
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD MAR 21
PY 2016
VL 658
BP 135
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.114
PG 15
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
GA DH1QU
UT WOS:000372560800016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Todoroki, H
Mizuno, K
AF Todoroki, H
Mizuno, K
TI Effect of silica in slag on inclusion compositions in 304 stainless
steel, deoxidized with aluminum
LA English
DT Article
DE spinel; magnesia; alumina; aluminum; deoxidation; stainless steel;
inclusion; silica; slag
ID FE-CR ALLOYS; LIQUID-IRON; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; STAINLESS-STEEL;
THERMODYNAMICS; MAGNESIUM; CHROMIUM; CALCIUM; MGO; NI
AB Experiments were carried out to determine the effect of silica in the slag of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-F system on the formation of MgO (.) Al2O3 spinel inclusion in
304 stainless steel deoxidized with Al. Immediately after the addition of Al into
the molten steel, alumina clusters formed. Simultaneously, reduction of MgO in the
slag occurred to raise Mg content in the steel. This resulted in the change in
inclusion composition to MgO (.) Al2O3 spinel which did not further change. In the
previous experiments with CaO-Al2O3-MgO-F slag, however, spinel inclusions changed
to MgO or liquid CaO-Al2O3-MgO system. The difference in behavior was caused by the
existence of silica in the slag. Silica in the slag was considered to prevent the
extensive reduction of MgO or CaO in the slag by Al to supply soluble Mg or Ca into
the molten steel. A stability diagram of inclusions corresponding to Mg and Al
contents in the steel was calculated employing available thermodynamic data. The
inclusion compositions experimentally obtained well agreed with the diagram. This
implies that spinel inclusions were the most stable in the molten 304 stainless
steel deoxidized with Al under the presence of 10mass% silica in the slag. As a
result, it was concluded that silica in the slag enhanced the formation of spinel
inclusions.
C1 Yakin Kawasaki Co Ltd, Technol Dev Dept, Nippon Yakin Kogyo Grp, Kawasaki
2108558, Japan.
RP Todoroki, H (corresponding author), Yakin Kawasaki Co Ltd, Technol Dev Dept,
Nippon Yakin Kogyo Grp, 4-2 Kojimacho, Kawasaki 2108558, Japan.
EM todoroki@nyk.co.jp
OI TODOROKI, HIDEKAZU/0009-0007-2654-1584
Itoh T, 2000, ISIJ INT, V40, P1051, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.40.1051
Jo SK, 2002, METALL MATER TRANS B, V33, P703, DOI 10.1007/s11663-002-0023-4
Matsuno H, 2002, TETSU TO HAGANE, V88, P48
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Nishi T, 1998, TETSU TO HAGANE, V84, P837
Ohta H, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P119, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0014-1
Okuyama G, 2000, ISIJ INT, V40, P121, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.40.121
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1995, VDEH SLAG ATLAS, P44
NR 22
TC 103
Z9 118
U1 0
U2 23
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2004
VL 44
IS 8
BP 1350
EP 1357
PG 8
GA 848GD
UT WOS:000223454700010
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chappex, T
Scrivener, K
AF Chappex, Theodore
Scrivener, Karen
TI Alkali fixation of C-S-H in blended cement pastes and its relation to
alkali silica reaction
SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali silica reaction (C); Supplementary cementitious materials; Pore
solution (B); SEM (B)
ID FLY-ASH; PART II; FUME; METAKAOLIN; CONCRETE; EXPANSION; CHEMISTRY;
SYSTEMS; ABILITY; SLAG
AB Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) are known to reduce or even stop
expansion due to alkali silica reaction (ASR) in concretes with reactive
aggregates. Studies indicate that the main reason for this is the decrease in
alkalinity of the pore solution of the cement paste, which in turn is attributed to
the change in composition of the C-S,H. In this paper we study the effect of
aluminium and silicon incorporation in C-S-H on the composition of the pore
solution in cement pastes containing SCMs. Different blended pastes of silica fume
and metakaolin were cast, in order to obtain the same Si/Ca ratio of the C-S-H but
with different aluminium contents. EDS micro analysis was made to determine the C-
S-H compositions. In parallel pore solutions were extracted and analysed. It is
found that the incorporation of aluminium does not increase the alkali fixation of
the C-S-H found in real cementitious materials, suggesting that the greater
effectiveness of SCMs containing alumina is due to other reasons. (C) 2012 Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chappex, Theodore; Scrivener, Karen] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Lausanne,
Lab Construct Mat, Lausanne, Switzerland.
C3 Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne
RP Chappex, T (corresponding author), Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL Lausanne,
Lab Construct Mat, Lausanne, Switzerland.
EM theodore.chappex@epfl.ch; karen.scrivener@epfl.ch
OI Scrivener, Karen/0000-0003-2640-1497
FU Sika Technology A.G.; B&G Ingenieurs Conseils
FX We thank Sika Technology A.G. and B&G Ingenieurs Conseils for the
financial support and Burgess Pigment for providing metakaolin.
CR Andersen MD, 2003, INORG CHEM, V42, P2280, DOI 10.1021/ic020607b
Aquino W, 2001, CEMENT CONCRETE COMP, V23, P485, DOI 10.1016/S0958-
9465(00)00096-2
Berube C.T.M.-A., 2004, ICAAR BEIJ, P833
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8846(00)00297-0
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8846(03)00058-9
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J
Duchesne J, 2001, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V31, P1057, DOI 10.1016/S0008-
8846(01)00538-5
Fernandez R, 2011, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V41, P113, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.09.013
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9465(00)00097-4
Hong SY, 2002, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V32, P1101, DOI 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00753-
6
Hong SY, 1999, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V29, P1893, DOI 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00187-
8
Ideker J. H., 2006, 8 CANMET ACI INT C R, P45
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10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.12.026
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8846(99)00168-4
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10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.05.034
Shehata MH, 2000, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V30, P1063, DOI 10.1016/S0008-
8846(00)00283-0
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8846(99)00096-4
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10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.003
Villeneuve V., 2011, GEOLOGIE GENIE GEOLO
Zhang X, 2007, QUANTITATIVE MICROST
NR 23
TC 102
Z9 118
U1 1
U2 60
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-8846
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES
JI Cem. Concr. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2012
VL 42
IS 8
BP 1049
EP 1054
DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.03.010
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 978DB
UT WOS:000306719700002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, JH
Kim, DS
AF Park, JH
Kim, DS
TI Effect of CaO-Al2O3-MgO slags on the formation of
MgO-Al2O3 inclusions in ferritic stainless steel
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-IRON; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION; AL
DEOXIDATION; MG; THERMODYNAMICS; CHROMIUM; ALLOYS
AB A thermodynamic equilibrium between the Fe-16Cr melts and the CaO-Al2O3-MgO
slags at 1823 K as well as the morphology of inclusions was investigated to
understand the formation behavior of the MgO-Al2O3 spinel-type inclusions in
ferritic stainless steel. The calculated and observed activities of magnesium in
Fe-16Cr melts are qualitatively in good agreement with each other, while those of
aluminum in steel melts exhibit some discrepancies with scatters. In the
composition of molten steel investigated in this study, the log of the inclusions
linearly increases by increasing the log[a(Mg)/a(Al)(2.)a(O)(2)] with the slope
close to unity. In addition, the relationship between the log (X-MgO/X-Al2O3) of
the inclusions and the log (a(MgO)/a(Al2O3)) of the slags exhibits the linear
correlation with the slope close to unity. The compositions of the inclusions are
relatively close to those of the slags, viz. the MgO-rich magnesia-spinel solid
solutions were formed in the steel melts equilibrated with the highly basic slags
saturated by CaO or MgO. The spinel inclusions nearly saturated by MgO were
observed in the steel melts equilibrated with the slags doubly saturated by MgO and
MgAl2O4. The spinel and the Al2O3-rich alumina-spinel solid solutions were formed
in the steel melts equilibrated with the slags saturated by MgAl2O4 and MgAl2O4-
CaAl2O4 phases, respectively. The apparent modification reaction of MgO to the
magnesium aluminate inclusions in steel melts equilibrated with the highly basic
slags would be constituted by the following reaction steps: (1) diffusion of
aluminum from bulk to the metal/MgO interface, (2) oxidation of the aluminum to the
Al3+ ions at the metal/intermediate layer interface, (3) diffusion of Al3+ ions and
electrons through the intermediate layer, and (4) magnesium aluminate (MgAl2O4
spinel, for example) formation by the ionic reaction.
C1 POSCO, Stainless Steel Res Grp, Tech Res Labs, Pohang 790785, South Korea.
C3 POSCO
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), POSCO, Stainless Steel Res Grp, Tech Res Labs,
EM basicity@posco.co.kr
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[No title captured]
NR 26
TC 99
Z9 107
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2005
VL 36
IS 4
BP 495
EP 502
DI 10.1007/s11663-005-0041-0
PG 8
Engineering
GA 975CT
UT WOS:000232639300009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Silva, ALVDE
AF Vasconcellos da Costa e Silva, Andre Luiz
TI Non-metallic inclusions in steels - origin and control
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
LA English
DT Review
DE Non-metallic inclusions; Ladle metallurgy; Steelmaking; Computational
thermodynamics; Kinetics
ID FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; OF-THE-ART; SUBMERGED ENTRY NOZZLE; IN-SITU
OBSERVATION; FE-MN ALLOYS; STEELMAKING PROCESSES; ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION;
LIQUID STEEL; CARBON-STEEL; TIRE CORD
AB Non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) play a key role in many important properties of
steel, influencing both processing and application of steel products. In this work,
the current understanding of the origin and classification of NMIs is reviewed,
highlighting the dramatic development of the last decades. This includes the
discussion of the thermodynamics of inclusion formation and the current knowledge
on the effects of melt shop processing variable on NMIs composition, amount and
size distribution. The development of inclusion engineering - tailoring the process
to obtain the desired NMIs is highlighted and the development in selected areas -
tire cord, springs and bearing steels as well as prevention of nozzle clogging - is
used to illustrate this development. The promising field of "oxide metallurgy" is
also discussed in the context of inclusion engineering. Finally, the difficulties
in meaningfully characterizing and quantifying NMIs are briefly commented. In
summary it is concluded that inclusion control in steels has evolved significantly
in the last decades. This is due to the progress in understanding the interplay
between thermodynamics, steel and slag chemical composition as well as melt shop
processing. This made possible the tailoring of non-metallic inclusions via
processing, to optimize steel properties. Nonetheless, some important problems
remain and must still be solved to improve inclusion control and optimization. (C)
2018 Brazilian Metallurgical, Materials and Mining Association. Published by
Elsevier Editora Ltda. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license.
C1 [Vasconcellos da Costa e Silva, Andre Luiz] EEIMVR UFF, Volta Redonda, RJ,
Brazil.
C3 Universidade Federal Fluminense
RP Silva, ALVDE (corresponding author), EEIMVR UFF, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil.
EM andre.costaesilva@gmail.com
RI Costa e Silva, Andre L V/L-5134-2016; Silva, André/HHN-2071-2022
OI Costa e Silva, Andre L V/0000-0002-0513-8338;
FU CNPq; CAPES; FAPERJ
FX The support of CNPq, CAPES and FAPERJ during different stages on the
author's work is also acknowledged.
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NR 192
TC 98
Z9 105
U1 6
U2 60
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
J9 J MATER RES TECHNOL
JI J. Mater. Res. Technol-JMRT
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2018
VL 7
IS 3
BP 283
EP 299
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.04.003
PG 17
Engineering
GA GS9IT
UT WOS:000444031700012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, GH
Sohn, I
AF Kim, Gi-Hyun
Sohn, Il
TI Effect of Al2O3 on the viscosity and structure of
calcium silicate-based melts containing Na2O and
CaF2
SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al2O3; Viscosity; Melt structure; XPS; Raman
ID ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; BOROSILICATE GLASSES; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY;
SLAGS; ALUMINUM; XPS; PERALKALINE; CAO-AL2O3; CRYSTALS; CAO-SIO2
AB The effect of Al2O3 on viscosity in the calcium silicate melt-based system
containing Na2O and CaF2 was investigated and correlated with the melt structure
using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, XPS (X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy), and Raman spectroscopy. Substituting SiO2 with Al2O3 modified the
dominant silicate network into a highly structured alumino-silicate structure with
the aluminate structure being particularly prevalent at 20 mass% of Al2O3 and
higher. As the melts become increasingly polymerized with higher Al2O3 content, the
fraction of symmetric Al-O degrees stretching vibrations significantly increased
and the viscosity increased. XPS showed a decrease in the amount of non-bridged
oxygen (O-) but an increase in bridged oxygen (O-0) and free oxygen (O2-) with
higher Al2O3. Although changes in the structure and viscosity with higher CaO/(SiO2
+ Al2O3) were not significant, the symmetric Al-O-0 stretching in the [AlO4](5-)-
tetrahedral units decreased. The apparent activation energy for viscous flow varied
from 118 to 190 kJ/mol. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kim, Gi-Hyun; Sohn, Il] Yonsei Univ, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RP Sohn, I (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, 262 Seongsanno, Seoul 120749, South
Korea.
RI SOHN, IL/I-5815-2012
FU Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Project at the Division of the Humantronics
Information Materials; National Science Foundation of Korea
[2010-8-0581]; Ministry of Knowledge Education [2010-8-0972]; National
Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0007442] Funding Source: Korea
Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science
& Technology Information Service (NTIS)
FX This study was partially supported by the Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Project
at the Division of the Humantronics Information Materials, the National
Science Foundation of Korea Project No. 2010-8-0581, and the Ministry of
Knowledge Education Project No, 2010-8-0972.
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PI AMSTERDAM
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J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS
JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids
PD JUL 1
PY 2012
VL 358
IS 12-13
BP 1530
EP 1537
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PG 8
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 979LR
UT WOS:000306822000021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yoldi, M
Fuentes-Ordoñez, EG
Korili, SA
Gil, A
AF Yoldi, M.
Fuentes-Ordonez, E. G.
Korili, S. A.
Gil, A.
TI Zeolite synthesis from industrial wastes
SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Industrial waste valorization; Zeolite synthesis from wastes; Zeolite
environmental applications
ID COAL FLY-ASH; ALUMINUM SALINE SLAGS; NA-X; HIERARCHICAL ZEOLITES; CO2
ADSORPTION; VALORIZATION; MANAGEMENT; CONVERSION; REMOVAL; FUSION
AB Conventional synthesis conditions for each type of zeolite are tabulated and
reported by the International Zeolite Association Structure Commission (IZA) and
most of them are synthesized from commercial reagents, but they can also be
synthesized from industrial by-products rich in Si and/or Al. In zeolite synthesis
from wastes, concentration of alkali source, temperature, reaction time,
liquid/solid ratio and type of waste determine the textural properties, crystal
structure, Si/Al ratio and ion exchange characteristics of the fabricated zeolite
and its applications. This work summarizes the main methods that have been
developed to synthesize zeolites using industrial wastes as Al and/or Si sources,
the parameters of synthesis and the advantages and limitations of each synthesis
process. The main characteristics and the applications of these synthetic waste
zeolites are also reported.
C1 [Yoldi, M.; Fuentes-Ordonez, E. G.; Korili, S. A.; Gil, A.] Univ Publ Navarra,
INAMAT Sci Dept, Los Acebos Bldg,Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
C3 Universidad Publica de Navarra
RP Gil, A (corresponding author), Univ Publ Navarra, INAMAT Sci Dept, Los Acebos
Bldg,Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
EM andoni@unavarra.es
FU Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (AEI/MINECO)
[MAT2016-78863-C2-1-R, PI017 CORRAL]; European Regional Development Fund
[MAT2016-78863-C2-1-R, PI017 CORRAL]; Government of Navarra
[MAT2016-78863-C2-1-R, PI017 CORRAL]; Santander Bank
FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the Spanish Ministry
of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (AEI/MINECO), the European
Regional Development Fund and the Government of Navarra through projects
MAT2016-78863-C2-1-R and PI017 CORRAL. MY thanks Government of Navarra
for technologist recruitment. AG and EGFO also thank Santander Bank for
funding through the Research Intensification Program.
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NR 46
TC 97
Z9 98
U1 20
U2 144
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1387-1811
EI 1873-3093
J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT
JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat.
PD OCT
PY 2019
VL 287
BP 183
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.06.009
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA IJ6ET
UT WOS:000475995600021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fernández-Jiménez, A
Cristelo, N
Miranda, T
Palomo, A
AF Fernandez-Jimenez, Ana
Cristelo, Nuno
Miranda, Tiago
Palomo, Angel
TI Sustainable alkali activated materials: Precursor and activator derived
from industrial wastes
SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkaline activation; Cleaning solution; Fly ash; Glass powder
ID RECYCLED ASPHALT PAVEMENT; EARLY AGE HYDRATION; COAL FLY-ASH;
PORTLAND-CEMENT; GEOPOLYMER; SLAG; STRENGTH; ALUMINUM; MICROSTRUCTURE;
TEMPERATURE
AB The aim of the present paper is to analyse the potential application of a
solution used to wash moulds from the aluminium casting industry as an alkali
activator, for inclusion in the production of alkaline cement. To evaluate the
effectiveness of this cleaning solution (CS), two different by-products/wastes were
considered as a precursor: fly ash type F (FA) and glass powder (GP) from the
production of optical lenses. An 8 molar sodium hydroxide commercial solution was
used to establish threshold values for the CS activator. Several mixtures were
prepared and cured for 20 h, at 85 degrees C, at high humidity (>= 90%). Mechanical
behaviour was assessed by uniaxial compression strength tests. The reaction rate
was determined by calorimetry, and the resulting reaction products were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR-MAS). The results show that the cleaning solution has a
high potential to be used as an activator in the manufacturing of alkali activated
cement, especially due to its tetrahedral aluminium content, which is particularly
effective for the activation of low-Al raw materials, since it acts simultaneously
as a cheap aluminium source. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fernandez-Jimenez, Ana; Palomo, Angel] CSIC, IETcc, Eduardo Torroja Inst
Construct Sci, E-28033 Madrid, Spain.
[Cristelo, Nuno] Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro, CQVR, Dept Engn, P-5000801
Vila Real, Portugal.
[Miranda, Tiago] Univ Minho, ISISE, Dept Civil Engn, Campus Azurem, P-4800058
Guimaraes, Portugal.
C3 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto
de Ciencias de la Construccion Eduardo Torroja (IETCC); University of
Tras-os-Montes & Alto Douro; Universidade do Minho
RP Cristelo, N (corresponding author), Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro, CQVR, Dept
Engn, P-5000801 Vila Real, Portugal.
EM anafj@ietcc.csic.es; ncristel@utad.pt; tmiranda@civil.uminho.pt;
palomo@ietcc.csic.es
RI Cristelo, Nuno Miguel/B-3636-2010; Miranda, Tiago/ABE-2391-2020;
Miranda, Tiago/AAQ-9479-2021; Fernández, ANA Maria/G-2597-2016
OI Cristelo, Nuno Miguel/0000-0002-3600-1094; Miranda,
Tiago/0000-0003-4054-6860; Fernández, ANA Maria/0000-0002-5721-2923;
PALOMO, ANGEL/0000-0002-6964-2269
FU Spanish Ministry of the Economy and Competitiveness and funds FEDER
[BIA2013-43293-R, BIA2016-76466-R]
FX This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Economy and
Competitiveness and funds FEDER under research projects BIA2013-43293-R
and BIA2016-76466-R. The authors would also like to acknowledge the
contribution of the Portuguese companies W2V - Waste to Value for the
supply of the cleaning solution; and POLO - Produtos Oticos, SA for the
supply of the glass residue.
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NR 65
TC 91
Z9 92
U1 3
U2 78
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD SEP 20
PY 2017
VL 162
BP 1200
EP 1209
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.151
PG 10
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA FC9UB
UT WOS:000407185500105
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nakajima, K
Takeda, O
Miki, T
Matsubae, K
Nakamura, S
Nagasaka, T
AF Nakajima, Kenichi
Takeda, Osamu
Miki, Takahiro
Matsubae, Kazuyo
Nakamura, Shinichiro
Nagasaka, Tetsuya
TI Thermodynamic Analysis of Contamination by Alloying Elements in Aluminum
Recycling
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAD
AB In previous studies on the physical chemistry of pyrometallurgical processing of
aluminum scrap, only a limited number of thermodynamic parameters, such as the
Gibbs free energy change of impurity reactions and the variation of activity of an
impurity in molten aluminum, were taken into account In contrast, in this study we
thermodynamically evaluated the quantitative removal limit of impurities during the
remelting of aluminum scrap; all relevant parameters, such as the total pressure,
the activity coefficient of the target impurity, the temperature, the oxygen
partial pressure, and the activity coefficient of oxidation product, were
considered. For 45 elements that usually occur in aluminum products, the
distribution ratios among the metal, slag, and gas phases in the aluminum remelting
process were obtained. Our results show that, except for elements such as Mg and
Zn, most of the impurities occurred as troublesome tramp elements that are
difficult to remove, and our results also indicate that the extent to which the
process parameters such as oxygen partial pressure, temperature, and flux
composition can be changed in aluminum production is quite limited compared to that
for iron and copper production, owing to aluminum's relatively low melting point
and strong affinity for oxygen. Therefore, the control of impurities in the
disassembly process and the quality of scrap play important roles in suppressing
contamination in aluminum recycling.
C1 [Nakajima, Kenichi] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Res Ctr Mat Cycles & Waste
Management, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Takeda, Osamu; Miki, Takahiro] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi
9808579, Japan.
[Matsubae, Kazuyo; Nagasaka, Tetsuya] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies,
Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
[Nakamura, Shinichiro] Waseda Univ, Grad Sch Econ, Tokyo 1698050, Japan.
C3 National Institute for Environmental Studies - Japan; Tohoku University;
Tohoku University; Waseda University
RP Nakajima, K (corresponding author), Natl Inst Environm Studies, Res Ctr Mat
Cycles & Waste Management, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
RI Nakajima, Kenichi/AAQ-3768-2021; Matsubae, Kazuyo/J-8842-2015
OI Nakajima, Kenichi/0000-0002-7241-7695; Matsubae,
Kazuyo/0000-0002-3816-3898
FU Nippon Steel Corporation; JSPS [22360218]; Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research [22360218, 22360387] Funding Source: KAKEN
FX This research was partially supported by Nippon Steel Corporation and
JSPS (KAKENHI 22360218). The authors thank the members of Research Group
of the Development of "Material Vision 2100" of the Iron and Steel
Institute of Japan for valuable comments and encouragement.
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NR 25
TC 90
Z9 99
U1 5
U2 52
PI WASHINGTON
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 14
BP 5594
EP 5600
DI 10.1021/es9038769
PG 7
GA 623NF
UT WOS:000279747100048
PM 20536230
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU JENA, BC
DRESLER, W
REILLY, IG
AF JENA, BC
DRESLER, W
REILLY, IG
TI EXTRACTION OF TITANIUM, VANADIUM AND IRON FROM TITANOMAGNETITE DEPOSITS
AT PIPESTONE LAKE, MANITOBA, CANADA
SO MINERALS ENGINEERING
LA English
CT Minerals Engineering 94 Conference
CY SEP 26-28, 1994
CL LAKE TAHOE, NV
DE VANADIUM-BEARING TITANOMAGNETITE; SMELTING; SODA ASH ROASTING; HCL
LEACHING
AB A process has been developed at the laboratory scale for the recovery of
titanium, vanadium and iron from the vanadium bearing titanomagnetite deposit at
Pipestone Lake, Manitoba, by a combined pyro- and hydrometallurgical processing
route. The ore which contains 57.5% Fe, 0.66% V and 16.6% TiO2 was subjected to
selective reduction smelting so that most of the iron reported to the metal phase
and the vanadium and titanium to the slag phase. The iron had a purity of 99%. The
slag contained between 9-35% FeO, 31-46% TiO2, and 1.2-1.6% V. Over 98% of the
titanium and vanadium reported to the slag phase. The slag was roasted with soda
ash at 950 degrees C and then lenched with hot water at 80 degrees C to recover
vanadium. The leach residue was further treated with hydrochloric acid at 105
degrees C in order to upgrade TiO2 content by removing mainly iron, magnesium and
aluminum. The final product contained 82.9% TiO2, 1.5% FeO, 15.6% SiO2, 1% MgO, 2%
Al2O3, and 0.3% CaO with an overall titanium recovery above 90%. This product can
be utilized as feedstock to the pigment industry.
RP JENA, BC (corresponding author), LAURENTIAN UNIV, CTR MIN & MINERAL EXPLORAT
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NR 16
TC 88
Z9 102
U1 0
U2 30
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB
SN 0892-6875
J9 MINER ENG
JI Miner. Eng.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 1995
VL 8
IS 1-2
BP 159
EP 168
DI 10.1016/0892-6875(94)00110-X
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
WE Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science (CPCI-S); Science Citation Index
Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
SC Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA QE613
UT WOS:A1995QE61300014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, BX
Chen, K
Wang, WL
Jiang, BB
AF Lu, Boxun
Chen, Kun
Wang, Wanlin
Jiang, Binbin
TI Effects of Li2O and Na2O on the Crystallization
Behavior of Lime-Alumina-Based Mold Flux for Casting High-Al Steels
LA English
DT Article
ID VISCOSITY; RATIO; SLAGS
AB With the development of advanced high strength steel (AHSS), a large amount of
aluminum was added into steels. The reaction between aluminum in the molten steel
and silica based mold flux in the continuous-casting process would tend to cause a
series of problems and influence the quality of slabs. To solve the above problems
caused by the slag-steel reaction, nonreactive lime-alumina-based mold flux system
has been proposed. In this article, the effect of Li2O and Na2O on the
crystallization behavior of the lime-alumina-silica-based mold flux has been
studied by using the single hot thermocouple technology (SHTT) and double hot
thermocouple technology (DHTT). The results indicated that Li2O and Na2O in the
above mold flux system play different roles as they behaved in traditional lime-
silica based mold flux, which would tend to inhibit general mold flux
crystallization by lowering the initial crystallization temperature and increasing
incubation time, especially in the high-temperature region. However, when their
content exceeds a critical value, the crystallization process of mold fluxes in low
temperature zone would be greatly accelerated by the new phase formation of LiAlO2
and Na (x) Al (y) Si (z) O-4 crystals, respectively. The crystalline phases
precipitated in all samples during the experiments are discussed in the article.
C1 [Lu, Boxun; Chen, Kun; Wang, Wanlin; Jiang, Binbin] Cent S Univ, Sch Met &
Environm, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
C3 Central South University
RP Wang, WL (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha
EM wanlin.wang@gmail.com
FU NSFC [51274244, 51322405]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities [2011JQ010]
FX The financial support from NSFC (51274244 and 51322405) and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2011JQ010) is
greatly acknowledged.
CR Blazek K., 2011, ECCC METEC, P1
Blazek K., 2011, AISTECH 2011
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Cramb A.W., 2003, REPORT AM IRON STEEL
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Kashiwaya Y., 1998, P STEELM C TOR ONT C, P185
Li Z., 2004, J S AFR I MIN METALL, P813
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Omoto T., 2006, SHINAGAWA TECH REP, V49, P73
Yan W., 2013, SPECIAL STEEL, V34, P45, DOI [10.3969/j.issn.1003-
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Yu X., 2011, THESIS CHONGQING U C
Zhou LJ, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS B, V43, P925, DOI 10.1007/s11663-012-9669-8
NR 22
TC 86
Z9 99
U1 0
U2 44
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 4
BP 1496
EP 1509
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0063-6
PG 14
Engineering
GA AN1SV
UT WOS:000340364800035
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, K
Zhang, ZT
Yang, FH
Sridhar, S
AF Zheng, Kai
Zhang, Zuotai
Yang, Feihua
Sridhar, Seetharaman
TI Molecular Dynamics Study of the Structural Properties of Calcium
Aluminosilicate Slags with Varying
Al2O3/SiO2 Ratios
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular dynamics; calcium aluminosilicate slag; slag structure;
Al2O3/SiO2 ratio
ID NON-BRIDGING OXYGEN; GLASSES; NMR; AL; MELTS; COORDINATION; ALUMINATE;
MAS; CA; SPECIATION
AB Molecular dynamics simulation was explored to investigate the change of
structure of calcium aluminosilicate slags with varying Al2O3/SiO2 ratios at a
fixed CaO content. In practice the results of the study are relevant to the
significant changes in slag structure caused by the changes in chemical composition
during continuous casting of steels containing high amounts of dissolved aluminum.
It was found that Q(4) tetrahedral species (tetrahedron with four bridging oxygens)
increase while NBOs (non-bridging oxygen) decreases with increasing Al2O3/SiO2 mole
ratio, suggesting that a more polymerized network was formed. The concentration of
oxygen tricluster increased dramatically up to 24% with increasing Al2O3/SiO2 mole
ratio, and the coordination number for Al (CNAl-O) was also observed to increase
from 4.02 for sample CAS1 to 4.11 for sample CAS11, suggesting that high
coordination number of Al presents in the slag melt with the substitution of [AlO4]
for [SiO4]. NBOs prefer to be coordinated with Si and Al tends to be localized in
more polymerized environment as network intermediate phases. The degree of Al
avoidance was calculated and the Al avoidance principle is applicable in the SiO2
rich regions.
C1 [Zheng, Kai; Zhang, Zuotai] Peking Univ, Dept Energy & Resources Engn, Coll
[Yang, Feihua] Beijing Bldg Mat Acad Sci Res, Beijing 100041, Peoples R China.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
C3 Peking University; Carnegie Mellon University
RP Zheng, K (corresponding author), Peking Univ, Dept Energy & Resources Engn, Coll
EM zhengkai890406@163.com; zuotaizhang@coe.pku.edu.cn;
chyangfeihua@126.com; sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu
RI Zhang, Zuotai/B-1030-2012
OI Zhang, Zuotai/0000-0002-3580-6018
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50902003, 51172003];
National Key Technology Research and Development Program [2010BAE00316]
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to Prof. Yongquan Wu for his
help and suggestions during the simulation process. Financial supports
from National Natural Science Foundation of China (50902003,51172003)
and National Key Technology Research and Development Program
(2010BAE00316) are gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 35
TC 85
Z9 94
U1 3
U2 44
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2012
VL 52
IS 3
BP 342
EP 349
PG 8
GA 913VR
UT WOS:000301906000002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, HS
Kim, H
Sohn, I
AF Park, Hyun Shik
Kim, Hyuk
Sohn, Il
TI Influence of CaF2 and Li2O on the Viscous Behavior
of Calcium Silicate Melts Containing 12 wt pct Na2O
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASSES; CAO-CAF2-SIO2; SYSTEM; SLAGS; VISCOSITIES; FLUORINE; CAO-SIO2;
MGO
AB Understanding the viscous behavior of silica-based molten fluxes is essential in
maintaining the reliability of steel casting operations and in preventing
breakouts. In particular, high concentrations of aluminum in recently developed
transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) and twinning induced plasticity (TWIP)
steels tend to promote reduction of silica in the mold fluxes that result in the
formation of alumina, which in turn increases the viscosity. To counteract this
effect, significant amounts of fluidizers such as CaF2 and Li2O are required to
ensure that mold fluxes have acceptable lubrication and heat transfer
characteristics. The viscous behavior of the slag system based on CaO-SiO2-12 wt
pct Na2O with various concentrations of CaF2 and Li2O has been studied using the
rotating spindle method to understand the effects on the viscosity with these
additives. CaF2 additions up to 8 wt pct were effective in decreasing the viscosity
by breaking the network structure of molten fluxes, but CaF2 concentrations above
this level had a negligible effect on viscosity. Li2O additions up to 2 wt pct were
also effective in decreasing the viscosity, but the effect was comparatively
negligible above 2 wt pct. Using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of as-
quenched slag samples, it was concluded that the viscosity was controlled more
effectively by changing the larger complex silicate structures of rings and chains
than by changing the amounts of simpler dimers and monomers. DOI: 10.1007/s11663-
011-9474-9 (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2011
C1 [Park, Hyun Shik] Yonsei Univ, Res Inst Iron & Steel Technol, Seoul 120749,
South Korea.
[Kim, Hyuk; Sohn, Il] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749, South
Korea.
C3 Yonsei University; Yonsei University
RP Park, HS (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Res Inst Iron & Steel Technol,
Seoul 120749, South Korea.
RI SOHN, IL/I-5815-2012
FU Division of the Humantronics Information Materials; Yonsei University;
National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0007442] Funding Source:
FX This study was supported partially by the Brain Korea 21 (BK21) Project
at the Division of the Humantronics Information Materials and the Yonsei
University Research Fund of 2009.
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DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liao, JL
Zhang, YY
Sridhar, S
Wang, XD
Zhang, ZT
AF Liao, Junlin
Zhang, Yingyi
Wang, Xidong
Zhang, Zuotai
TI Effect of Al2O3/SiO2 Ratio on the
Viscosity and Structure of Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE viscosity; activity; structure; TRIP steel
ID SILICATE MELTS; AMPHOTERIC BEHAVIOR; GLASSES; AL; NA2O-AL2O3-SIO2;
TRANSFORMATION; PHOSPHORUS; SPECTRA; MGO
AB The present paper investigates how the mass ratio between Al2O3 and SiO2
(m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2)) in slag compositions influences the structure, viscosity and
crystallization of the slag melts. The objective is to study the variations in
viscosity and structure of slags with increasing m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2) ratio. In
practice the results of the study are relevant to the significant changes in slag
property caused by the changes in chemical composition during continuous casting of
steels containing high amounts of dissolved aluminum.
The viscosity was found to decrease slightly with increasing m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2)
ratio up to 0.56. The degree of polymerization for [SiO4]-tetrahedra was found to
decrease with increasing m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2) ratio based on the Fourier
Transformation-Infrared Spectra (FT-IR) and Raman spectra, which could explain the
observed decrease in viscosity. Atm(Al2O3)/m(SiO2) ratios above 0.56, the viscosity
was found to abruptly increase which could be caused by the presence of spinel
crystals. The activity coefficient was computed and it was found that the activity
coefficient of alumina presents negative deviation when m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2) ratio is
less than 0.35, while it shows a positive deviation when m(Al2O3)/m(SiO2) ratio
exceeds 0.35. This phenomenon may be related to the change of the primary phase
region correlating to the phase diagram to the slag composition.
C1 [Liao, Junlin; Zhang, Yingyi; Wang, Xidong; Zhang, Zuotai] Peking Univ, Coll
Engn, Dept Energy & Resources Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
C3 Peking University; Carnegie Mellon University
RP Liao, JL (corresponding author), Peking Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Energy & Resources
EM junlin.liao@pku.edu.cn; zhyingyi@gmail.com; ssridhar@andrew.cmu.edu;
xidong@pku.edu.cn; zuotaizhang@coe.pku.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Yingyi/AAG-4336-2020; wang, xidong/B-7788-2013; Zhang,
Zuotai/B-1030-2012
OI Zhang, Yingyi/0000-0002-3294-6525; Zhang, Zuotai/0000-0002-3580-6018
National Key Technology Research and Development Program in 12th
Five-year Plan of China [2010BAE00316, 2011BAB02B05]
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to Dr. Q. F. Shu for the
thermodynamic calculation. Special thanks are also extended to Dr. L. L.
Liu and Mr. S. L. Tang for their help during the viscosity measurements.
Financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China
(50902003, 51172003) and National Key Technology Research and
Development Program in 12th Five-year Plan of China (2010BAE00316,
2011BAB02B05) are gratefully acknowledged.
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TI Deoxidation equilibria of calcium and magnesium in liquid iron
LA English
DT Article
ID ALUMINUM OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; MOLTEN IRON; SLAGS; SOLUBILITY;
THERMODYNAMICS; NITROGEN; MELTS; FE
AB Calcium-oxygen and magnesium-oxygen equilibria in liquid iron saturated with
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Engineering
GA YT939
UT WOS:000071661700020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gutierrez, A
Miró, L
Gil, A
Rodríguez-Aseguinolaza, J
Barreneche, C
Calvet, N
Py, X
Fernandez, AI
Grágeda, M
Ushak, S
Cabeza, LF
AF Gutierrez, Andrea
Miro, Laia
Gil, Antoni
Rodriguez-Aseguinolaza, Javier
Barreneche, Camila
Calvet, Nicolas
Py, Xavier
Fernandez, A. Ines
Grageda, Mario
Ushak, Svetlana
Cabeza, Luisa F.
TI Advances in the valorization of waste and by-product materials as
thermal energy storage (TES) materials
SO RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Thermal energy storage (TES); Industrial waste; Slags; Aluminium dross;
Inorganic TES
ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HEAT-STORAGE; MOLTEN-SALTS;
STEEL SLAG; SELECTION; CERAMICS; CONCRETE; SYSTEM; COMPATIBILITY
AB Today, one of the biggest challenges our society must face is the satisfactory
supply, dispatchability and management of the energy. Thermal Energy Storage (TES)
has been identified as a breakthrough concept in industrial heat recovery
applications and development of renewable technologies such as concentrated solar
power (CSP) plants or compressed air energy storage (CAES). A wide variety of
potential heat storage materials has been identified depending on the implemented
TES method: sensible, latent or thermochemical. Although no ideal storage material
has been identified, several materials have shown a high potential depending on the
mentioned considerations. Despite the amount of studied potential heat storage
materials, the determination of new alternatives for next generation technologies
is still open. One of the main drawbacks in the development of storage materials is
their cost. In this regard, this paper presents the review of waste materials and
by-products candidates which use contributes in lowering the total cost of the
storage system and the valorization of waste industrial materials have strong
environmental and societal benefits such as reducing the landfilled waste amounts,
reducing the greenhouse emissions and others. This article reviews different
industrial waste materials that have been considered as potential TES materials and
have been characterized as such. Asbestos containing wastes, fly ashes, by-products
from the salt industry and from the metal industry, wastes from recycling steel
process and from copper refining process and dross from the aluminum industry, and
municipal wastes (glass and nylon) have been considered. Themophysical properties,
characterization and experiences using these candidates are discussed and compared.
This review shows that the revalorization of wastes or by-products as TES materials
is possible, and that more studies are needed to achieve industrial deployment of
the idea. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gutierrez, Andrea; Grageda, Mario; Ushak, Svetlana] Univ Antofagasta, Ctr Adv
Study Lithium & Ind Minerals CELiMIN, Dept Chem Engn & Mineral Proc, Av Univ
Antofagasta,Campus Coloso, Antofagasta 02800, Chile.
[Miro, Laia; Barreneche, Camila; Cabeza, Luisa F.] Univ Lleida, GREA Innovacio
Concurrent, Edifici CREA,Pere Cabrera S-N, Lleida 25001, Spain.
[Gil, Antoni; Rodriguez-Aseguinolaza, Javier] CIC Energigune, Parque Tecnol
Alava,C Albert Einstein 48,Edif CIC, Minano 01510, Alava, Spain.
[Barreneche, Camila; Fernandez, A. Ines] Univ Barcelona, Dept Mat Sci & Met
Engn, Marti & Franques 1,08028, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Calvet, Nicolas] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Inst Ctr
Energy iEnergy, POB 54224, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
[Py, Xavier] Univ Perpignan, PROMES CNRS UPR8521, Via Domitia, F-66100
Perpignan, France.
[Grageda, Mario; Ushak, Svetlana] Solar Energy Res Ctr SERC Chile, Av Tupper
2007,Piso 4, Santiago, Chile.
[Gil, Antoni] MIT, Dept Mech Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139
USA.
C3 Universidad de Antofagasta; Universitat de Lleida; CIC Energigune;
University of Barcelona; Khalifa University of Science & Technology;
Universite Perpignan Via Domitia; Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences
(INSIS); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
RP Ushak, S (corresponding author), Univ Antofagasta, Ctr Adv Study Lithium & Ind
Minerals CELiMIN, Dept Chem Engn & Mineral Proc, Av Univ Antofagasta,Campus Coloso,
Antofagasta 02800, Chile.
EM svetlana.ushak@uantof.cl
RI Aseguinolaza, Javier Rodríguez/U-3191-2019; Ushak,
Svetlana/AAA-2348-2019; Miró, Laia/G-5102-2015; FERNANDEZ, ANA
INES/G-2719-2010; Cabeza, Luisa F./B-4587-2013; Gil,
Antoni/HLW-9218-2023; Barreneche, Camila/AAG-8337-2020; Barreneche,
Camila/L-3100-2014
OI Aseguinolaza, Javier Rodríguez/0000-0001-8676-5108; Ushak,
Svetlana/0000-0002-1933-9624; Miró, Laia/0000-0003-4890-6357; FERNANDEZ,
ANA INES/0000-0001-9212-9714; Cabeza, Luisa F./0000-0001-5086-872X; Gil,
Antoni/0000-0002-4900-1317; Barreneche, Camila/0000-0003-3636-3180;
Calvet, Nicolas/0000-0003-4302-913X; Gutierrez,
Andrea/0000-0002-6313-8264
FU Spanish government [ENE2011-28269-C03-02, ENE2011-22722, ULLE10-4E-1305,
BES-2012-051861]; European Union [PIRSES-GA-2013-610692]; Department of
Industry, Innovation, Commerce and Tourism of the Basque Country
government through the ETORTEK CIC Energigune [IE 13-375]; French
government through the ANR SESCO project; French government through the
ANR SACRE project; CNRS; University of Perpignan Via Domitia;
EUROPLASMA/INERTAM Company; FONDECYT [1120422]; CONICYT/FONDAP
[15110019]; Education Ministry of Chile [PMI ANT 1201, ANT 1106]
FX The work is partially funded by the Spanish government
(ENE2011-28269-C03-02, ENE2011-22722 and ULLE10-4E-1305). The authors
would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation
given to their research group GREA (2014 SGR 123) and research group
DIOPMA (2014 SGR 1543). The research leading to these results has
received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme
(FP7/2007-2013) under Grant agreement no. PIRSES-GA-2013-610692
(INNOSTORAGE). Laia Miro would like to thank the Spanish Government for
her research fellowship (BES-2012-051861). The work at CIC Energigune
was supported by the Department of Industry, Innovation, Commerce and
Tourism of the Basque Country government through the ETORTEK CIC
Energigune-2013 research program no. IE 13-375. Research at Masdar
Institute is supported by the Government of Abu Dhabi to help fulfil the
vision of the late President Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nayhan for
sustainable development and empowerment of the UAE and humankind under
no. SG2014-000002. Researchers of PROMES address all their gratitude to
the French government for the funding of their work through the ANR
SESCO and SACRE projects within the ANR SEED program. They also
acknowledge the support of the CNRS, the University of Perpignan Via
Domitia and the EUROPLASMA/INERTAM Company. The work at the University
of Antofagasta was supported by FONDECYT (Grant No. 1120422),
CONICYT/FONDAP No. 15110019, and the Education Ministry of Chile Grant
PMI ANT 1201. Andrea Gutierrez would like to acknowledge to the
Education Ministry of Chile her doctorate scholarship ANT 1106 and
CONICYT/PAI No. 7813110010.
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Zuliani DJ, 2010, OPPORTUNITIES INCREA
NR 99
TC 83
Z9 86
U1 9
U2 180
PI OXFORD
SN 1364-0321
J9 RENEW SUST ENERG REV
JI Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev.
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 59
BP 763
EP 783
DI 10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.071
PG 21
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Energy & Fuels
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels
GA DG3CZ
UT WOS:000371948400054
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nishi, T
Shinme, K
AF Nishi, T
Shinme, K
TI Formation of spinel inclusions in molten stainless steel under Al
deoxidation with slags
SO TETSU TO HAGANE-JOURNAL OF THE IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE OF JAPAN
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE deoxidation; inclusion; stainless steel; slag; alumina; spinel
AB Morphology change of inclusions were experimentally investigated under Al
deoxidation of molten stainless steel with CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slags in order to
clarify the morphology control factor of inclusions. lj kg of molten 18mass%Cr-
8mass%Ni stainless steels were deoxidized by aluminum at 1873K, and the samples
were taken at intervals to observe the inclusions by SEM and EDS. As the results,
MgO contents of alumina type inclusions were gradually increased with time and the
maximum contents were affected by a CaO/SiO2 ratio in slags. The formation of MgO-
Al2O3 spinel type inclusions were also observed in case of high CaOiSiO(2) ratio.
The origin of Mg in inclusions was presumed to be deformation of MgO in slags.
C1 Sumitomo Met Ind Ltd, Corp Res & Dev Labs, Hasakimachi, Ibaraki 3140255, Japan.
Sumitomo Met Ind Ltd, Energy & Environm Res Ctr, Hasakimachi, Ibaraki 3140255,
Japan.
C3 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal
Corporation
RP Nishi, T (corresponding author), Sumitomo Met Ind Ltd, Corp Res & Dev Labs, 16-1
Oaza Sunayama, Hasakimachi, Ibaraki 3140255, Japan.
CR Han Q., 1990, P 6 INT IR STEEL C, VI, P166
KISHI M, 1994, ISIJ INT, V34, P298
Knacke O., 1991, Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances
Li GQ, 1996, STEEL RES, V67, P528, DOI 10.1002/srin.199605532
SOMMERVILLE ID, 1971, CHEM METALL IRON STE, P23
Stull D., 1971, JANAF Thermochemical Tables, V37
NR 8
TC 81
Z9 88
U1 0
U2 10
PI TOKYO
SN 0021-1575
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
JI Tetsu To Hagane-J. Iron Steel Inst. Jpn.
PD DEC
PY 1998
VL 84
IS 12
BP 837
EP 843
PG 7
GA 147AM
UT WOS:000077466100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, JH
AF Park, Joo Hyun
TI Formation mechanism of spinel-type inclusions in high-alloyed stainless
steel melts
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; LIQUID-IRON; SOLIDIFICATION; TEMPERATURES;
CHROMIUM; ALUMINUM; WELDS; NI; SI
AB Fundamental thermodynamics of the relationship between high-alloyed stainless
steel melts (Fe-20 mass pet Cr-13 mass pct Ni-3 mass pct Si) and the inclusions
were investigated. The formation mechanism of the inclusions containing the spinel
crystals was developed based on the experimental results and from the compositions
of the inclusions in the steel samples taken during plant operations. The molar
content of alumina in the inclusions was found to be linearly proportional to the
increase of aluminum content, indicating that the inclusions could contain alumina
even with less than about 200 ppm aluminum in the steel melt, e.g., steel melts
that were mainly deoxidized by silicon. Furthermore, the composition of the
inclusions is shown to be a function of the activity of the deoxidizers such as
aluminum and silicon in the steel melt. From the analysis of the plant samples, it
was found that the contents of MgO and Al2O3 in the calcium silicate type
inclusions increased continuously as the steel melt transfers from the argon oxygen
decarburization (AOD) converter to the tundish. This composition change in the
inclusions originated from the reduction of MgO and Al2O3 in the slags or
refractories by silicon in the steel melt. Increases of MgO and Al2O3 contents were
prominent in tundish samples, and thus, the spinel phase could be crystallized in
the calcium silicate inclusion matrix in the tundish; and finally the spinel
crystals grew during cooling of the steel melt through the continuous casting (CC)
mold and in the slabs. On the other hand, manganese silicate type inclusions
containing chromium oxide were observed after tapping of the molten steel to the
ladle. The MnO and Cr2O3 in these inclusions was initially reduced by silicon in
the steel melt in the ladle treatment (LT) process, followed by further reduction
by aluminum through the LT to the CC mold. The fractions of inclusions containing
spinel crystals in cast slabs were negligible at the alumina content of less than
about 20 mass pct, while they critically increased at alumina contents greater than
about 20 mass pct.
C1 POSCO, Stainless Steel Res Grp, Tech Res Labs, Pohang 790785, South Korea.
C3 POSCO
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), POSCO, Stainless Steel Res Grp, Tech Res Labs,
EM basicity@posco.com
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1
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NR 26
TC 80
Z9 92
U1 0
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2007
VL 38
IS 4
BP 657
EP 663
DI 10.1007/s11663-007-9066-x
PG 7
Engineering
GA 215ZP
UT WOS:000249847800018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shi, CB
Seo, MD
Cho, JW
Kim, SH
AF Shi, Cheng-Bin
Seo, Myung-Duk
Cho, Jung-Wook
Kim, Seon-Hyo
TI Crystallization Characteristics of CaO-Al2O3-Based
Mold Flux and Their Effects on In-Mold Performance during High-Aluminum
TRIP Steels Continuous Casting
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; AL; BEHAVIORS; SLAG; TEMPERATURE; OXIDATION; BASICITY;
PHASE; SI
AB Crystallization behaviors of the newly developed lime-alumina-based mold fluxes
for high-aluminum transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels casting were
experimentally studied, and compared with those of lime-silica-based mold fluxes.
The effects of mold flux crystallization characteristics on heat transfer and
lubrication performance in casting high-Al TRIP steels were also evaluated. The
results show that the crystallization temperatures of lime-alumina-based mold
fluxes are much lower than those of lime-silica-based mold fluxes. Increasing B2O3
addition suppresses the crystallization of lime-alumina-based mold fluxes, while
Na2O exhibits an opposite effect. In continuous cooling of lime-alumina-based mold
fluxes with high B2O3 contents and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 3.3, faceted cuspidine
precipitates first, followed by needle-like CaO center dot B2O3 or 9CaO center dot
3B(2)O(3)center dot CaF2. In lime-alumina-based mold flux with low B2O3 content
(5.4 mass pct) and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 1.2, the formation of fine CaF2 takes place
first, followed by blocky interconnected CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) as the dominant
crystalline phase, and rod-like 2CaO center dot B2O3 precipitates at lower
temperature during continuous cooling of the mold flux. In B2O3-free mold flux,
blocky interconnected 3CaO center dot Al2O3 precipitates after CaF2 and 3CaO center
dot 2SiO(2) formation, and takes up almost the whole crystalline fraction. The
casting trials show that the mold heat transfer rate significantly decreases near
the meniscus during the continuous casting using lime-alumina-mold fluxes with
higher crystallinity, which brings a great reduction of surface depressions on cast
slabs. However, excessive crystallinity of mold flux causes poor lubrication
between mold and solidifying steel shell, which induces various defects such as
drag marks on cast slab. Among the studied mold fluxes, lime-alumina-based mold
fluxes with higher B2O3 contents and a CaO/Al2O3 ratio of 3.3 show comparatively
improved performance.
C1 [Shi, Cheng-Bin; Seo, Myung-Duk; Kim, Seon-Hyo] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol
POSTECH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Cho, Jung-Wook] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Grad Inst Ferrous Technol,
C3 Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Pohang University
of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
RP Cho, JW (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Grad Inst
Ferrous Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
RI Shi, Chengbin/J-1262-2016; Cho, Jung-Wook/A-8142-2013
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382; Cho, Jung-Wook/0000-0003-2364-1938
FU Global Excellent Technology Innovation - Ministry of Trade, Industry &
Energy (MOTIE) of Korea [10045029]; Korea Evaluation Institute of
Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10045029] Funding Source: Korea Institute
of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science &
Technology Information Service (NTIS)
FX The authors would like to express sincere thanks to Mr. Seung-ho Shin
and Mr. Min-su Kim of Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology, POSTECH
for their help in preparing mold flux samples. This work was financially
supported by the Global Excellent Technology Innovation (Grant No.
10045029) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of
Korea.
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NR 28
TC 79
Z9 82
U1 3
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 3
BP 1081
EP 1097
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0034-y
PG 17
Engineering
GA AI6JW
UT WOS:000336980900030
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, M
Wang, XH
Chen, B
Wang, WJ
AF Jiang, Min
Wang, Xinhua
Chen, Bin
Wang, Wanjun
TI Formation of MgO•Al2O3 inclusions in high strength
alloyed structural steel refined by
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag
LA English
DT Article
DE MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel; slag; inclusion; equilibrium; high strength
alloyed structural steel
ID LONG CYCLE FATIGUE; NONMETALLIC INCLUSION; LIQUID STEEL; THERMODYNAMICS;
304-STAINLESS-STEEL; MGO-AL2O3; MECHANISM; FAILURE; MGO
AB Present paper focused on the formation of MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions in
high strength 42CrMo alloyed structural steel refined by CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag.
Soluble aluminum contents in molten steel were less than 0.0100 % when steel/slag
equilibrium was established.
It is found by pre-equilibrium experiments that 90 min are sufficient for the
attainment of equilibrium of slag-metal at 1 873 K. Spinel inclusions dispersed
widely in the steel, with sizes between 2 pm and 4 pm. Magnesium content in molten
steel influences the morphology of spinel inclusions greatly. With the rise of
magnesium content in steel, globular spinel inclusions were modified into angular
ones. However, trace amount of Ca in inclusions is effective to change the spinels
from angular shape to globular shape. Solubility of MgO in slag was also discussed.
It is shown that MgO in slags are saturated and activities of MgO can be considered
as unity, Observed log(X-MgO/X-Al2O3) of inclusions increases with the growth of
observed log[a([Mg])/(a([Al])(2)center dot a([O])(2))] of molten steel as well as
the rise of observed log(a(MgO)/a(Al2O3)) in slag, both exhibiting good linear
relation.
MgO-MgO center dot Al2O3-Al2O3 stability phase diagram was obtained. It is found
that aluminum and magnesium contents in molten steel mainly position in the MgO
center dot Al2O3 formation zone, which is essentially pre-requisite for the
formation MgO center dot Al2O3 in steel. Silica in slag is helpful to stabilize MgO
center dot Al2O3 phase, because it would react with calcium and aluminum in molten
steel. In the scope of soluble aluminum contents, magnesium content influences the
transformation among MgO-MgO center dot Al2O3-Al2O3 ternary phases greatly, which
is the reason for the formation of rectangular MgO inclusions.
C1 [Jiang, Min; Wang, Xinhua; Chen, Bin; Wang, Wanjun] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing
RP Jiang, M (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
EM jiangmin820429@yahoo.com.cn
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5093(03)00136-9
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NR 20
TC 79
Z9 91
U1 4
U2 43
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 7
BP 885
EP 890
PG 6
GA 330IJ
UT WOS:000257933900002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, ZT
Wen, GH
Tang, P
Sridhar, S
AF Zhang, Zuotai
Wen, Guanghua
Tang, Ping
TI The influence of Al2/SiO2 ratio on the viscosity
of mold fluxes
LA English
DT Article
DE TRIP steel; mold fluxes; X(Al2O3)/X(SiO2) ratio; viscosity
ID TRANSFORMATION-INDUCED-PLASTICITY; SILICATE MELTS; TRIP STEELS; SLAGS;
BEHAVIOR; AL2O3; ALUMINUM; CAF2
AB The present paper investigates how the X(Al2O3)/X(SiO2) ratio in mold siag
compositions in a range between 0.06 and 2.14 influences the viscosity of the melt.
The objective was to study the variation in viscosity of mould slags if they get
enriched in Al(2)O(3) as a result of reactions during continuous casting with high
Al containing steel melts for manufacturing TRIP steels.
The viscosity was found to increase with increasing X(Al2O3)/X(SiO2) ratio but a
change in the degree of increase was noted at a ratio of 0.57 The effect of
increasing temperature was investigated and it was shown that viscosity decreased,
as expected, with increasing temperature. An available model in literature for
predicting the mold-slag viscosity was empirically modified to account for high
Al(2)O(3) contents investigated in this study.
Increasing X(Al2O3)/X(SiO2) did not appear to influence the vaporization loss of
F but increasing the ratio did influence crystallization by promoting the
precipitation of CaF(2) during slow cooling of samples with a high X(Al2O3)/X(SiO2)
ratio (0.84 and 2.14).
C1 [Zhang, Zuotai; Wen, Guanghua; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Wen, Guanghua; Tang, Ping] Chongqing Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; Chongqing University; United States
Department of Energy (DOE); National Energy Technology Laboratory - USA
RP Zhang, ZT (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu
OI Zhang, Zuotai/0000-0002-3580-6018
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NR 43
TC 79
Z9 87
U1 0
U2 18
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2008
VL 48
IS 6
BP 739
EP 746
PG 8
GA 318LN
UT WOS:000257093300003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huseien, GF
Sam, ARM
Shah, KW
Asaad, MA
Tahir, MM
Mirza, J
AF Huseien, Ghasan Fahim
Sam, Abdul Rahman Mohd
Shah, Kwok Wei
Asaad, Mohammad Ali
Tahir, Mahmood Md
Mirza, Jahangir
TI Properties of ceramic tile waste based alkali-activated mortars
incorporating GBFS and fly ash
SO CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali activated mortar; Ceramic waste; GBFS; Fly ash; Strength;
Microstructure
ID OIL FUEL ASH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; STRENGTH
PROPERTIES; GEOPOLYMER MORTARS; CONCRETE; SLAG; POWDER; CEMENT;
EMISSIONS
AB This paper presents the experimental findings of a study on the performance of
waste ceramic powder (WCP) as binder on the mechanical and microstructure
properties of alkali activated mortars (AAMs) containing ground blast furnace slag
(GBFS) and fly ash (FA). In this study, the ternary blend was activated with low
concentration of alkaline solution (4 M). WCP was kept with high content of 50%,
60% and 70% for the total binder. After casting operation, the specimens were cured
at ambient temperature of 27 degrees C and tested at eight different ages of 1, 3,
7, 28, 56, 90, 180 and 360 days. Microstructure tests such as Xray diffraction
(XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to evaluate the effect of high content of WCP on
the formulation of sodium aluminium silicate hydrate (N-A-S-H), calcium aluminium
silicate hydrate (C-A-S-H) and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels. Test results
indicated that high volume WCP produced environmental friendly alkali activated
mortars with compressive strength higher than 70 MPa at age of 28 days. The results
also showed that the workability and setting time of alkali activated mortars
enhanced with the increase in WCP content. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Huseien, Ghasan Fahim; Sam, Abdul Rahman Mohd; Asaad, Mohammad Ali; Tahir,
Mahmood Md] Univ Teknol Malaysia, Inst Smart Infrastruct & Innovat Construct, UTM
Construct Res Ctr, Sch Civil Engn,Fac Engn, Johor Baharu 81310, Johor, Malaysia.
[Shah, Kwok Wei] Natl Univ Singapore, Sch Design & Environm, Dept Bldg,
Singapore 117566, Singapore.
[Mirza, Jahangir] Res Inst Hydro Quebec, Dept Perennite Actifs, 1800 Lionel
Boulet, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada.
C3 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; National University of Singapore;
Hydro-Quebec
RP Huseien, GF (corresponding author), Univ Teknol Malaysia, Inst Smart Infrastruct
& Innovat Construct, UTM Construct Res Ctr, Sch Civil Engn,Fac Engn, Johor Baharu
81310, Johor, Malaysia.; Mirza, J (corresponding author), Res Inst Hydro Quebec,
Dept Perennite Actifs, 1800 Lionel Boulet, Varennes, PQ J3X 1S1, Canada.
EM fhghassan@utm.my; mirza@ireq.ca
RI Mirza, Jahangir/HOF-8557-2023; Huseien, Ghasan Fahim/AEC-3508-2022
OI Mirza, Jahangir/0000-0002-3783-8048; Huseien, Ghasan
Fahim/0000-0002-2963-0335
FU UTM COE research grant [Q.J130000.2409.04G00]; FRGS grant
[R.J130000.7822.4F722]; Universiti Teknologi Malaysia; Centre of
Excellence; Ministry of Higher Education; EM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.; EMRO
Japan
FX This research was supported and funded by the UTM COE research grant
Q.J130000.2409.04G00 and FRGS grant R.J130000.7822.4F722. The authors
would like to thank the grants provider, namely Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, Centre of Excellence and Ministry of Higher Education, staff
from Material and Structure Laboratory, School of Civil Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, and the EM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. and EMRO
Japan for their support and cooperation in conducting this research.
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NR 60
TC 78
Z9 78
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
J9 CONSTR BUILD MATER
JI Constr. Build. Mater.
PD JUL 30
PY 2019
VL 214
BP 355
EP 368
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.154
PG 14
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA IE9MA
UT WOS:000472697300033
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU SUITO, H
INOUE, H
INOUE, R
AF SUITO, H
INOUE, H
INOUE, R
TI ALUMINUM OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN CAO-AL2O3 MELTS AND LIQUID-IRON
LA English
DT Article
DE CAO-AL2O3 SLAGS; ALUMINUM OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; DEOXIDATION; ACTIVITY OF
AL2O3; SUPERSATURATION
ID SYSTEM; FE; AL
AB Aluminium-oxygen equilibria between CaO-Al2O3 melts and liquid iron were studied
in the temperature range of 1 823 to 1 923 K, using an alumina and lime crucibles.
The equilibrium constant K for the reaction: 2Al + 30 = Al2O3 was discussed with
reference to the supersaturation for nucleation of alumina, and compared with the
previous experimental and thermodynamic data. The supersaturation was observed in
the experiments in which an Fe-Al alloy with low concentrations of initial oxygen
was used under the condition of no stirring. Supersaturation increased with a
decrease of oxygen content in liquid iron. Two types of alumina inclusions with a
size of 2-5-mu-m and below 0.1-mu-m were observed by SEM.
RP SUITO, H (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,MINERAL DRESSING & MET RES
INST,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
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NR 17
TC 78
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 6
PI TOKYO
PA 9-4 OTEMACHI 1-CHOME CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100, JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 1991
VL 31
IS 12
BP 1381
EP 1388
PG 8
GA GV097
UT WOS:A1991GV09700002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, GX
Xiao, SW
Xie, MQ
Pan, B
Chen, J
Wang, FG
Xia, X
AF Ren, Guo-xing
Xiao, Song-wen
Xie, Mei-qiu
Pan, Bing
Chen, Jian
Wang, Feng-gang
Xia, Xing
TI Recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium ion batteries by smelting
reduction process based on
FeO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag system
SO TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium ion battery; smelting reduction; cobalt; nickel; copper slag;
fayalite
ID NICKEL; COBALT; ACID; EQUILIBRIUM; VISCOSITY; ALUMINUM
AB A novel smelting reduction process based on FeO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag system for spent
lithium ion batteries with Al cans was developed, while using copper slag as the
only slag former. The feasibility of the process and the mechanism of copper loss
in slag were investigated. 98.83% Co, 98.39% Ni and 93.57% Cu were recovered under
the optimum conditions of slag former/battery mass ratio of 4.0: 1, smelting
temperature of 1723 K, and smelting mass ratio of time of 30 min. The FeO-SiO2-
Al2O3 slag system for the smelting process is appropriate under the conditions of
m(FeO): m(SiO2)= 0.58: 1-1.03: 1, and 17.19%-21.52% Al2O3 content. The obtained
alloy was mainly composed of Fe-Co-Cu-Ni solid solution including small amounts of
matte. The obtained slag mainly consisted of fayalite and hercynite. Meanwhile, the
mechanism of copper loss is the mechanical entrainment from strip-like fayalite
particles in the main form of copper sulfide and metallic copper.
C1 [Ren, Guo-xing; Xiao, Song-wen; Xie, Mei-qiu; Pan, Bing; Chen, Jian; Wang, Feng-
gang; Xia, Xing] Changsha Res Inst Min & Met Co Ltd, Changsha 410012, Hunan,
Peoples R China.
RP Xiao, SW (corresponding author), Changsha Res Inst Min & Met Co Ltd, Changsha
410012, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM swinxiao@126.com
FU State-Owned Enterprise Electric Vehicle Industry Alliance, China
[JS-211]
FX Project (JS-211) supported by the State-Owned Enterprise Electric
Vehicle Industry Alliance, China
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NR 25
TC 77
Z9 87
U1 9
U2 111
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
J9 T NONFERR METAL SOC
JI Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 27
IS 2
BP 450
EP 456
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60051-7
PG 7
GA EP3FT
UT WOS:000397268900024
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jung, IH
Eriksson, G
Wu, P
Pelton, A
AF Jung, In-Ho
Eriksson, Gunnar
Wu, Ping
Pelton, Arthur
TI Thermodynamic Modeling of the
Al2O3-Ti2O3-TiO2
System and Its Applications to the Fe-Al-Ti-O Inclusion Diagram
LA English
DT Article
DE thermodynamic modeling; Al2O3-Ti2O3-TiO2; Al-Ti deoxidation; inclusion;
FactSage
ID QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; ALUMINUM; TEMPERATURE; TITANIUM; OPTIMIZATION;
EQUILIBRIA; TITANATES; OXIDES
AB All available thermodynamic and phase diagram data have been critically
evaluated and optimized for the liquid slag phase and for all solid phases at 1 bar
pressure from 298 K to above the liquidus temperatures for the systems Al2O3-TiO2,
Al2O3-Ti2O3, and Al2O3-Ti2O3-TiO2, and a database of model parameters has been
prepared. The Modified Quasichemical Model was employed for the molten oxide phase.
The thermodynamic modeling predicts the existence of a liquid oxide Al2O3-Ti2O3-
TiO2 phase at secondary steelmaking conditions. The database was used to calculate
the inclusion diagram for Al-Ti deoxidation at 1600 degrees C.
C1 [Jung, In-Ho] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada.
[Eriksson, Gunnar] GTT Technol, D-52134 Herzogenrath, Germany.
[Wu, Ping] Inst High Performance Comp, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
[Pelton, Arthur] Ecole Polytech, CRCT, Dept Chem Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7,
Canada.
C3 McGill University; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR);
A*STAR - Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC); Universite de
Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal
RP Jung, IH (corresponding author), McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, HW Wong
Bldg,3610 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2B2, Canada.
EM in-ho.jung@mcgill.ca
RI Wu, Ping/AAX-3767-2020; Jung, In-Ho/H-6838-2018
OI Wu, Ping/0000-0002-0788-6268; Jung, In-Ho/0000-0002-9744-7276
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NR 42
TC 75
Z9 85
U1 3
U2 41
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 9
BP 1290
EP 1297
PG 8
GA 498HC
UT WOS:000270127000003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gil, A
Korili, SA
AF Gil, A.
Korili, S. A.
TI Management and valorization of aluminum saline slags: Current status and
future trends
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE Aluminum saline slag; Industrial waste valorization; Nonmetallic
products; High-value-added product
ID SALT CAKE; HAZARDOUS-WASTE; CEMENT MORTARS; DROSS; RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR;
ALPO4-5
AB The current situation as regards the management and valorization of aluminum
saline slags, also known as aluminum salt cake or salt slag, is reviewed in this
work. Aluminum saline slags are produced by the secondary aluminum industry and
formed during the aluminum scrap/dross melting processes. The amount of saline slag
generated in these operations can vary between 30% and 60% of the metal produced,
that is, between 300 and 600 kg per ton of aluminum produced. This waste contains
about 3-9 wt.% metallic aluminum, 20-50 wt.% oxides, such as aluminum oxide (also
referred to as nonmetallic products), 20-75 wt.% flux brines, and other components
in smaller proportions. Due to their composition and possible reaction with water,
saline slags are classified as hazardous waste and are included in the European
List of Wastes, which means that they must be deposited in landfills or in secure
deposits. Similarly, salt cake is a byproduct which could be recovered provided the
process is economically viable. Direct applications such as inert filling for
construction, road paving, morter components, aluminum salts, inert filler in
polymer composites, adsorbents, mineral wood, have been reported. Aluminum, by
chemical dissolution from the nonmetallic fraction, can also be recovered as a
high-value-added product and used to synthesize materials such as pure alumina,
salts, and hydroxides. This work reviews current methods for treating saline slags,
with a primary focus on the synthesis of products from the nonmetallic fraction.
(C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gil, A.; Korili, S. A.] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Appl Chem, Los Acebos
RP Gil, A (corresponding author), Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Appl Chem, Los Acebos
FU Seventh Framework Programme through project RecycAl
FX This work was funded by Seventh Framework Programme through the project
RecycAl.
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NR 68
TC 74
Z9 75
U1 6
U2 101
PI LAUSANNE
SN 1385-8947
EI 1873-3212
J9 CHEM ENG J
JI Chem. Eng. J.
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 289
BP 74
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.cej.2015.12.069
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA DF7TG
UT WOS:000371559900009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, JH
Kang, YB
AF Park, Joo Hyun
Kang, Youn-Bae
TI Effect of ferrosilicon addition on the composition of inclusions in
16Cr-14Ni-Si stainless steel melts
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; AL DEOXIDATION; LIQUID-IRON; FE-NI; SI;
ALUMINUM; SLAGS; THERMODYNAMICS; TEMPERATURES; ALLOYS
AB The silicon deoxidation equilibrium between the 16Cr-14Ni-1.5Mn-Si melts and the
CaO-SiO2-8MgO-5CaF(2) (basicity = 1.8) slag at 1743 K was investigated to
understand the effect of aluminum and silicon contents on the composition of
inclusions. Therefore, the ferrosilicon alloys with different aluminum content were
chosen based on the preceding objective. In addition, the phase stability diagram
of the inclusions was computed using commercial thermodynamic software based on the
Gibbs energy minimization principles. The content of MnO in the inclusions sharply
decreases with increasing silicon content when the steel melts were deoxidized by
the ferrosilicon alloys containing high aluminum (FeSi-H). The content Of SiO2 in
the inclusions slightly increases with increasing silicon content when the FeSi-L
is used, while a maximum value is shown at [Si] = 1.5 pct when the FeSi-H is used.
The content of MgO in the inclusions increases by increasing the content of
silicon, regardless of the kinds of ferrosilicon alloys. The use of the FeSi-L as a
deoxidizer could suppress the formation of Al2O3 in the inclusions, while the
content of Al2O3 increases with increasing silicon content when the FeSi-H is used.
When the FeSi-H is used as a deoxidizer, the inclusions are the glassy type with
the composition of Mn-silicates at [Si] <= 1.3 pct, while the Mg(Ca)-silicates with
the composition of the forsterite phase are observed in the steel composition of
[Si] = 3.3 pct. When the steel melts were deoxidized by the FeSi-L alloys, the
inclusions are the glassy-type Mn-silicates at [Si] = 0.8 pct, while the Mn-
silicates containing the cristobalite phase are observed at [Si] = 1.5 to 2.4 pct.
In the composition of [Si] = 3.3 pct, the Mg-silicates with the composition of the
rhodonite phase are observed. The log(X-SiO2/X-MnO) of the inclusions linearly
increases by increasing the log [a(Si) . a(O) / a(Mn)] with the slope close to
unity when the FeSi-L is used as a deoxidizer, while the slope of the line is about
2 times greater than that of the expected value when FeSi-H is used. The log (X-
MgO/X-MnO) of the inclusions linearly increases by increasing the log [a(Mg)/a(Mn)]
with slopes greater than the expected value of unity.
C1 POSCO, Tech Res Labs, Stainless Steel Res Grp, Pohang 790785, South Korea.
C3 POSCO
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), POSCO, Tech Res Labs, Stainless Steel Res Grp,
EM basicity@posco.co.kr
RI Kang, Youn-Bae/AAU-5544-2021
OI Kang, Youn-Bae/0000-0003-0615-0168
CR *19 COMM STEELM, 1988, STEELM DAT SOURC JAP, P273
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10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.89.12_1183
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[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 21
TC 74
Z9 80
U1 0
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 37
IS 5
BP 791
EP 797
DI 10.1007/s11663-006-0061-4
PG 7
Engineering
GA 089YD
UT WOS:000240916900010
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ryu, HG
Zhang, ZT
Cho, JW
Wen, GH
Sridhar, S
AF Ryu, H. G.
Zhang, Z. T.
Cho, J. W.
Wen, G. H.
Sridhar, S.
TI Crystallization Behaviors of Slags through a Heat Flux Simulator
LA English
DT Article
DE mold slag; TRIP steel; crystallization behavior; heat flux
ID MOLD; TRANSFORMATION; POWDERS
AB This paper investigates how the basicity and alumina content in synthetic slags
influence the crystallization behavior that takes place in a heat flux simulator
for mold slags. The purpose is to elucidate the variation in crystallization
behavior for model slags that are expected to be glassy, partly crystalline and
fully crystalline in order to correlate the changes in heat flux to the dynamic
solid evolution that occurs in the simulator. Three levels of alumina content (3,
15 and 25 wt%) were chosen to investigate the heat transfer behavior through slag
film which have different tendency of reaction with molten steel during continuous
casting of high aluminum containing Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP)
steels. A Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) was used to develop TTT
diagrams for the slags. XRD and SEM were also used to analyze the micro-structures
of the crystalline phases.
The measured heat fluxes through the mold slags tested were found to increase,
as the crystallinity of the slag film decreased with decreasing basicity and
alumina content. It was found that the crystallization temperature increased, while
the incubation time for crystallization decreases with increasing basicity and
alumina content. The increase in alumina content induced the precipitation of CaF2
during cooling process and hence a change in the crystalline phase from Ca4Si2O7F2
to Ca2Al2SiO7.
C1 [Ryu, H. G.; Zhang, Z. T.; Sridhar, S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Zhang, Z. T.] Peking Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Energy & Recourses Engn, Beijing
[Ryu, H. G.; Cho, J. W.] POSCO, Cheonnam 547711, South Korea.
[Wen, G. H.] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Met, Chongqing 400044,
Peoples R China.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; Peking University; Chongqing University
RP Ryu, HG (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM zuotaizhang@coe.pku.edu.cn; sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu
RI Zhang, Zuotai/B-1030-2012; Cho, Jung-Wook/A-8142-2013
OI Zhang, Zuotai/0000-0002-3580-6018; Cho, Jung-Wook/0000-0003-2364-1938
FU Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research, Carnegie Mellon University
(CISR); National Natural Science Foundation of China [50902003];
National Basic Research Program (2007CB613608) [2007CB613608]
FX Financial supports from the Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research,
Carnegie Mellon University (CISR) and from National Natural Science
Foundation of China (50902003) as well as The National Basic Research
Program (2007CB613608) are gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 33
TC 73
Z9 80
U1 1
U2 20
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 8
BP 1142
EP 1150
PG 9
GA 644BI
UT WOS:000281345000012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Boccaccini, AR
Hamann, B
AF Boccaccini, AR
Hamann, B
TI In situ high-temperature optical microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID GLASS-POWDER COMPACTS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; HOT-STAGE; ANISOTROPIC
SHRINKAGE; SINTERING SHRINKAGE; CERAMIC COMPOSITE; MOLTEN ALUMINUM;
DENSIFICATION; WETTABILITY; KINETICS
AB High-temperature optical microscopy is an essential in situ characterisation and
monitoring technique with wide applications in different areas of materials
science. The devices used include commercial available instruments, known as
heating microscopes, and custom-made devices, usually called "high-temperature
processing microscopes'' or "thermo-optical instruments''. The different areas of
applications of high-temperature optical microscopy are discussed on the basis of
practical examples drawn from the literature. Besides the classical use of the
technique to study the melting and softening behaviour of glass, slags, ashes and
other silicate and ceramic materials, this review covers alternative applications,
in particular the use of heating microscopes as "optical dilatometers'' to
investigate the sintering kinetics of powder compacts. In this regard, the
advantages of the technique over conventional dilatometry are emphasised. A variety
of custom-made devices is described, developed to investigate particular problems,
such as delamination and curling of laminate composites during densification,
cosintering of multilayer metal-ceramic and ceramic-ceramic systems, and wetting
behaviour of liquid phases on rigid substrates. As a particular example of such a
custom-made equipment, a novel, multi-purpose high-temperature processing
microscope is described, and its application potential, which is well beyond that
of commercial devices, is outlined. This instrument is unique in that it combines
both vertical and horizontal sample observation capability, as well as the
possibility to investigate samples of relatively large sizes (65 mm(3)), i.e. about
10 times larger than those suitable for commercial heating microscopes. (C) 1999
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
C1 Tech Univ Ilmenau, Inst Werkstofftech, D-98684 Ilmenau, Germany.
C3 Technische Universitat Ilmenau
RP Boccaccini, AR (corresponding author), Tech Univ Ilmenau, Inst Werkstofftech, D-
98684 Ilmenau, Germany.
RI Boccaccini, Aldo R./N-9782-2019; Boccaccini, Aldo R/C-7905-2013
OI Boccaccini, Aldo R./0000-0002-7377-2955;
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NR 126
TC 73
Z9 76
U1 1
U2 53
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 1999
VL 34
IS 22
BP 5419
EP 5436
DI 10.1023/A:1004706922530
PG 18
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA 244RQ
UT WOS:000083064900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ogundiran, MB
Nugteren, HW
Witkamp, GJ
AF Ogundiran, M. B.
Nugteren, H. W.
Witkamp, G. J.
TI Immobilisation of lead smelting slag within spent aluminate-fly ash
based geopolymers
LA English
DT Article
DE Lead smelting slag; Aluminium etching solution; Geopolymer; Coal fly
ash; Immobilisation
ID INORGANIC POLYMERS; CONTAMINATED SOILS; HEAVY-METALS; PART II;
REMEDIATION; WASTE; PB; TECHNOLOGY; STRENGTH; MATRICES
AB This study presents the solidification/stabilisation and immobilisation of lead
smelting slag (LSS) by its incorporation in coal fly ash - blast furnace slag based
geopolymers. It also explores the use of a spent aluminium etching solution (AES)
as geopolymer activator instead of the commonly used silicate solutions. The
compressive strength of the geopolymers produced with the AES was lower than when
applying a K-silicate solution as activator (100 MPa versus 80 MPa after 28 days).
Compressive strength was not affected when up to 10% of the FA was replaced by LSS.
NEN 12457-4, TCLP, SPLP and NEN 7375 leaching tests indicated that mobile Pb from
LSS was highly immobilised. The diffusion leaching test NEN 7375 revealed exceeding
of the Dutch Soil Quality Regulation threshold limits only for Se and Sb. On the
condition that the remaining excess leaching can be reduced by further refinement
of the mixture recipes, the proposed process will have the potential of producing
waste-based construction materials that may be applied under controlled conditions
in specific situations. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ogundiran, M. B.; Nugteren, H. W.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Prod &
Proc Engn Grp, NL-2628 BL Delft, Netherlands.
[Witkamp, G. J.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biotechnol, NL-2628 BC Delft,
Netherlands.
C3 Delft University of Technology; Delft University of Technology
RP Ogundiran, MB (corresponding author), Univ Ibadan, Dept Chem, Ibadan, Nigeria.
EM mbogundiran@yahoo.com; h.w.nugteren@tudelft.nl; g.j.witkamp@tudelft.nl
FU Organisation for Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
FX The financial support of the Organisation for Prohibition of Chemical
Weapons (OPCW) is highly acknowledged. The authors thank the Dutch
Aluminium Anodising Company ALUMET BV for providing the spent etching
solutions. Michel van den Brink (Delft University of Technology,
Department of Process and Energy) is acknowledged for performing the ICP
analyses.
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NR 44
TC 71
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 97
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-3894
J9 J HAZARD MATER
PD MAR 15
PY 2013
VL 248
BP 29
EP 36
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.12.040
PG 8
GA 124DK
UT WOS:000317443800003
PM 23339881
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nazari, A
Sanjayan, JG
AF Nazari, Ali
Sanjayan, Jay G.
TI Synthesis of geopolymer from industrial wastes
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag mixtures; Alkali-activated materials; Waste management; Compressive
strength; Workability
ID ALKALI-ACTIVATED SLAG; FLY-ASH; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; WORKABILITY; CONCRETE; RATIO; AGE
AB Aluminium and grey cast iron slags are produced in small industries and in spite
of blastfurnace slag are considered as wastes. In this work, synthesis possibility
of geopolymeric paste and concrete through alkali activation of different mixes of
these slags is studied. Workability of the mixtures was achieved immediately after
mixing and compressive strength tests were conducted on specimens cured at room
temperature. Workability of all pastes and concrete specimens were in acceptable
range for use in constructions. Maximum compressive strength for both paste and
concrete specimens was achieved by using silica/alumina weight ratio of 3.0. By
increasing the value of parameters of this study including sodium hydroxide
concentration, age of curing and silica/alumina weight ratio, more silicon and
aluminium ions dissolve from slag mixture into alkali activator and hence,
compressive strength increases. It was concluded that among the considered
parameters, silica/alumina weight ratio is the most important factor. The results
indicated the possibility of production of geopolymers by utilizing appropriate
ratios of aluminium slag (alumina source) and grey cast iron slag (silica source).
In most related works reported in the literature, an aluminosilicate source or a
mixture of two aluminosilicate sources with defined silica/alumina weight ratio are
evaluated for possibility of geopolymerization. In the current study, each alumina
and silica is provided from an individual source, and geopolymerization is
performed by manipulating silica/alumina weight ratio. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Nazari, Ali; Sanjayan, Jay G.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn & Technol,
Hawthorn, Vic 3722, Australia.
C3 Swinburne University of Technology
RP Nazari, A (corresponding author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn &
Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3722, Australia.
EM alinazari@swin.edu.au
RI Sanjayan, Jay/AAE-1468-2019; Sanjayan, Jay/AAD-1432-2020; Nazari,
Ali/I-5340-2019
OI Sanjayan, Jay/0000-0002-5400-5988; Nazari, Ali/0000-0001-9461-3753
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NR 33
TC 68
Z9 70
U1 1
U2 64
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JUL 15
PY 2015
VL 99
BP 297
EP 304
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.03.003
PG 8
& Ecology
GA CK4LJ
UT WOS:000356195000025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guéguin, M
Cardarelli, F
AF Gueguin, Michel
Cardarelli, Francois
TI Chemistry and mineralogy of titania-rich slags.: Part 1 -:
Hemo-ilmenite, sulphate, and upgraded titania slags
LA English
DT Article
DE titanium; titania slag; titanates; pseudobrookite; karrooite
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA;
NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-PRESSURE; SYSTEM;
PSEUDOBROOKITE; OXIDES; FEO-FE2O3-TIO2
AB Titania-rich slags with 80 mass percent TiO2 are produced in the electric arc
furnaces of QIT-Fer & Titane, Inc., by the continuous smelting of hemo-ilmenite ore
with anthracite coal. Titania slag represents an important feedstock for the
manufacture of titanium dioxide pigment by the sulphate process. Moreover, part of
the production of the titania-rich slag is further acid-leached under a high-
pressure and mode rate-temperature hydrometallurgical process to yield an upgraded
titania slag with 94.5 mass percent TiO2, which is used in the chloride process.
After describing in detail the beneficiation, chemistry, and mineralogy of the
hemo-ilmenite ore, this article reviews the unique crystallochemistry and
mineralogy of the titanate phases with pseudobrookite-karrooite structure and to a
lesser extent silicates and oxides present in these titania-rich feedstocks,
focusing on the chemical reactions occurring at each step of the pyro- and hydro-
metallurgical processes. The behavior of major elements such as titanium, iron,
magnesium, calcium, aluminum, and silicon along with that of minor elements such as
vanadium, chromium, and manganese are particularly detailed. A general discussion
of the methods specifically developed for the study of the synthetic minerals
present in these materials is also presented.
C1 Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium Inc, Dept Technol, Sorel Tracy, PQ J3R 1M6, Canada.
C3 Rio Tinto
RP Guéguin, M (corresponding author), Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium Inc, Dept Technol,
1625 Route Marie Victorin, Sorel Tracy, PQ J3R 1M6, Canada.
EM francois.cardarelli@rtit.com
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NR 70
TC 68
Z9 80
U1 2
U2 27
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 0882-7508
EI 1547-7401
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 1
BP 1
EP 58
DI 10.1080/08827500600564242
PG 58
GA 124LG
UT WOS:000243368700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, ZH
Hou, D
Dong, YW
Cao, YL
Cao, HB
Gong, W
AF Jiang, Zhou-Hua
Hou, Dong
Dong, Yan-Wu
Cao, Yu-Long
Cao, Hai-Bo
Gong, Wei
TI Effect of Slag on Titanium, Silicon, and Aluminum Contents in Superalloy
During Electroslag Remelting
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; ALLOYS; STEELS
AB Many factors influence the chemical composition in electroslag remelting (ESR)
steel, including atmosphere in crucible, melting rate, slag composition,
deoxidation, and so on. Fluoride-based slag, which is exposed to liquid metal
directly, influences the chemical composition of ESR ingots to a large extent. The
present paper focuses on the effect of slag on the titanium, silicon, and aluminum
contents in ingots based on the interaction of the slag and metal. In present work,
superalloy of GH8825 and several slags containing different CaO contents have been
employed for investigating the effect of slag on titanium, silicon, and aluminum
contents in an electrical resistance furnace under argon atmosphere. Results
indicate that the higher CaO content in slag has better capacity for avoiding loss
of titanium caused by the reaction of titanium with silica in slag, especially in
case of remelting superalloy with high titanium and low silicon content. The CaO
has a great effect on the activities of TiO2, SiO2, and Al2O3. Thermodynamic
analysis is applied to investigate the CaO behavior. Based on the ion and molecule
coexistence theory of slag, activity model is established to calculate the
activities of components containing titanium, silicon, and aluminum elements in a
six-component slag consisting of CaO-CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-MgO. The components
containing titanium, silicon, and aluminum in slag are mainly CaO center dot TiO2,
2CaO center dot SiO2, CaO center dot SiO2, CaO center dot Al2O3, and MgO center dot
Al2O3. With the increase of CaO mass fraction in slag, the activity coefficient of
SiO2 decreases significantly, whereas slightly change happens for Al2O3. As a
result, the lg(gamma SiO2/gamma TiO2) decreases with increasing CaO content, which
is better for preventing loss of titanium caused by the reaction of titanium with
silica in slag. The slag with high CaO and appropriate TiO2 content is suitable for
electroslag remelting of GH8825. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and
ASM International 2016
C1 [Jiang, Zhou-Hua; Hou, Dong; Dong, Yan-Wu; Cao, Yu-Long; Cao, Hai-Bo; Gong, Wei]
Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Jiang, ZH (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM jiangzh@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Jiang, Zhouhua/0000-0001-8887-7250
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51274266]; National Nature
Science Foundation of China; Baosteel Group Corporation [U1360103];
Liaoning Excellent Talents in University [LR2013009]
FX This project supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of
China with the Grant No. 51274266 and supported by Joint Research Fund
of National Nature Science Foundation of China and Baosteel Group
Corporation with the Grant No. U1360103. In addition, this project is
supported by Liaoning Excellent Talents in University with the Grant No.
LR2013009.
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Yang XM, 2011, METALL MATER TRANS B, V42, P1150, DOI 10.1007/s11663-011-9547-9
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Yoshikawa T, 2007, METALL MATER TRANS B, V38, P671, DOI 10.1007/s11663-007-9075-
9
NR 35
TC 66
Z9 73
U1 3
U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 2
BP 1465
EP 1474
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0530-8
PG 10
Engineering
GA DL2HN
UT WOS:000375454700064
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Radenovic, A
Malina, J
Sofilic, T
AF Radenovic, Ankica
Malina, Jadranka
Sofilic, Tahir
TI Characterization of Ladle Furnace Slag from Carbon Steel Production as a
Potential Adsorbent
SO ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID ADSORPTION; REMOVAL; WASTES; IONS
AB A promising type of steel slag for applications is the ladle furnace (LF) slag,
which is also known as the basic slag, the reducing slag, the white slag, and the
secondary refining slag. The LF slag is a byproduct from further refining molten
steel after coming out of a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) or an electric arc furnace
(EAF). The use of the LF slag in further applications requires knowledge of its
characteristics. The LF slag characterization in this paper has been performed
using the following analytical methods: chemical analysis by energy dispersive
spectrometry (EDS), mineralogical composition by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface
area properties by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda
(BJH) methods, surface chemistry by infrared absorption (FTIR) spectroscopy, and
morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed
that the main compounds are calcium, silicon, magnesium, and aluminium oxides, and
calcium silicates under their various allotropic forms are the major compounds in
the LF slag. Surface area properties have shown that the LF slag is a mesoporous
material with relatively great BET surface area. The ladle furnace slag is a
nonhazardous industrial waste because the ecotoxicity evaluation by its eluate has
shown that the LF slag does not contain constituents which might in any way affect
the environment harmfully.
C1 [Radenovic, Ankica; Malina, Jadranka; Sofilic, Tahir] Univ Zagreb, Fac Met,
Sisak 44000, Croatia.
C3 University of Zagreb
RP Radenovic, A (corresponding author), Univ Zagreb, Fac Met, Aleja Narodnih Heroja
3, Sisak 44000, Croatia.
EM radenova@simet.hr
FU Ministry of Science, Education, and Sports of the Republic of Croatia
[124-124 1565-1524]
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, Education, and
Sports of the Republic of Croatia, under Project no. 124-124 1565-1524.
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5
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NR 27
TC 65
Z9 67
U1 2
U2 36
PU HINDAWI LTD
PI LONDON
PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, W1T 5HF, ENGLAND
SN 1687-8434
EI 1687-8442
J9 ADV MATER SCI ENG
JI Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PY 2013
VL 2013
AR 198240
DI 10.1155/2013/198240
PG 6
GA 218GB
UT WOS:000324419700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, YP
Reuter, MA
Boin, U
AF Xiao, YP
Reuter, MA
Boin, U
TI Aluminium recycling and environmental issues of salt slag treatment
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Environmental Concerns
CY OCT 12-15, 2004
CL Xiamen, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE aluminum cycle; scrap recycling; metal yield; recyclability; salt slag;
environmental impact
AB Environmental friendly recycling is the trend toward total recycling of
aluminium metal. In the secondary aluminium industry, due to the complexity of
compositions and contaminants in the various types of aluminium scraps, an
understanding of the behavior of different scraps during melting is crucial in the
recycling process. Salt slags are the byproducts of the secondary aluminium
industry, which should be recycled and processed in a proper way by taking the
environmental impact into consideration. This article provides qualitative
assessment on 10 different commercial aluminium scraps for their relative
recyclability via well-designed and controlled laboratory experiments. It confirms
that more nonmetallic contaminants, smaller size, and higher ratio of surface area
to body volume generally lead to a lower metal recovery. Recycling the scraps with
lower recyclability normally generates more salt slags. High slag viscosity leads
to more fine aluminum metal entrapped in the salt slag and thus increases the load
of salt slag recycling. It was found that viscosity of the salt flux is increased
with the amount of entrapped nonmetallic components, which affect the settling of
heavier materials. In addition, the slag samples from the melting tests were
leached and analyzed to evaluate the behavior of carbon containing scrap. The
elevated carbon content in the scrap resulted in more-carbide formation in salt
slags and thus more methane generation in salt slag recycling with a higher
environmental impact.
C1 Delft Univ Technol, NL-2628 RX Delft, Netherlands.
C3 Delft University of Technology
RP Xiao, YP (corresponding author), Delft Univ Technol, Mijnbouwstr 120, NL-2628 RX
Delft, Netherlands.
EM y.xiao@ta.tudelft.nl
RI Reuter, Markus A/D-2839-2015; Reuter, Markus/M-5565-2019
OI Reuter, Markus A/0000-0003-0500-4863; Reuter, Markus/0000-0003-0500-4863
CR Janz G. J., 1968, MOLTEN SALTS ELECT C, V1
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NR 7
TC 64
Z9 68
U1 1
U2 38
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1093-4529
EI 1532-4117
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng.
PY 2005
VL 40
IS 10
BP 1861
EP 1875
DI 10.1080/10934520500183824
PG 15
GA 969ZX
UT WOS:000232276100004
PM 16194908
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, C
Verma, N
Kwon, Y
Tiekink, W
Kikuchi, N
Sridhar, S
AF Wang, Cong
Verma, Neerav
Kwon, Youjong
Tiekink, Wouter
Kikuchi, Naoki
TI A Study on the Transient Inclusion Evolution during Reoxidation of a
Fe-Al-Ti-O Melt
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusions; reoxidation; transient stage
ID ALUMINUM OXIDE; SOLID SOLUTION; MOLTEN STEEL; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR;
SYSTEM; NOZZLE; AL2O3; SLAGS
AB The effect of a simulated reoxidizing environment on the chemical and
morphological evolution of nonmetallic oxide inclusions was studied. Additions of
545 ppm and 274 ppm of soluble oxygen were introduced to an Al killed melt
containing approximately 600 ppm of Ti and 600 ppm of Al. It was found that
inclusion chemistry evolved from Al(2)O(3), Al(2)TiO(5) and eventually to Ti(3)O(5)
for the higher oxygen addition case and to Al-Ti complex oxides for the lower
oxygen addition one. Morphologically, it was observed that irregular inclusions
gradually were replaced by spherical ones during the reoxidation process. These
changes are discussed through the coupling of thermodynamic prediction and
experimental conditions, and considerations on the local variations of O and
metallic element activities.
C1 [Wang, Cong; Verma, Neerav; Kwon, Youjong; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Carnegie Mellon
Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Tiekink, Wouter] Tata Steel Res Dev & Technol, NL-1970 CA Ijmuiden,
Netherlands.
[Kikuchi, Naoki] JFE Steel Corp, Steelmaking Res Dept, Steel Res Lab, Hiroshima
7218510, Japan.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; JFE Holdings, Inc.; JFE Steel; United States
Department of Energy (DOE); National Energy Technology Laboratory - USA
RP Wang, C (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr
Iron & Steelmaking Res, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM sridhars@andrew.cmu.edu
RI Wang, Cong/E-8156-2011
OI Wang, Cong/0000-0002-1684-1184
FU Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research (CISR)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Center for Iron and
Steelmaking Research (CISR) for financial support.
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NR 30
TC 63
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 10
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 3
BP 375
EP 381
PG 7
GA 742FS
UT WOS:000288927300006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Thy, P
Jenkins, BM
Lesher, CE
Grundvig, S
AF Thy, P
Jenkins, BM
Lesher, CE
Grundvig, S
TI Compositional constraints on slag formation and potassium volatilization
from rice straw blended wood fuel
SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass fuel; combustion; rice straw; wood; ash; slag; high temperature;
phase relations; liquidus; solidus; freezing point depression; potassium
loss
ID TEMPERATURE ELEMENTAL LOSSES; INORGANIC-CHEMISTRY; BIOMASS; COMBUSTION;
ASH; BEHAVIOR
AB Experimental melting of biomass ash blends demonstrates that the addition of
rice straw to a dominantly wood-based fuel causes a marked freezing point
depression in the liquidus temperature of the inorganic slag from well above 2000 C
to a minimum of about 1260 C. The minimum temperature is achieved for ash blends
with about 30% rice straw ash. The melting interval (liquidus to solidus) for the
ash blends is typically 100-200 degrees C. The solidus shows a systematic decrease
from about 1350 degrees C to as low as 800 degrees C for pure rice straw ash.
Potassium is completely lost from slag for blends with less than 30% rice straw ash
content. The addition of more than 30% rice straw ash results in an enhanced
retention of potassium in the solid slag. Potassium loss for fuel blends with above
30% rice straw ash is further positively correlated with melting temperature. As
the temperature approaches the solidus, potassium is increasingly bound in the melt
as well as in potassium-aluminum silicate minerals (leucite) and, therefore,
partially retained in the slag. There are indications that melting temperatures
above the 'true' liquidus for rice straw-rich blends cause partial potassium loss
and consequently a rise in the liquidus. This will result in an apparent extending
of the melting interval for blends with above 30% rice straw ash. The liquidus
silicate mineralogy of the slag changes as a function of increasing rice straw ash
from larnite, to akermanite, wollastonite, and diopside. This mineralogical
sequence reflects an increase in the Si/Ca ratio and polymerization of the melt.
The experimental slag shows favorable similarities to the mineralogy and
composition of slag formed in commercial biomass-fueled boilers, suggesting that
the simplified conditions of the experimental melting study can be used to predict
combustion conditions in commercial biomass-fueled boilers. Thus, small additions
of straw to a predominantly wood fuel should have the effect of lowering slag
melting temperature and relatively reducing potassium loss to the flue gas. If
combustion temperature can be controlled to within, or below, the melting interval
of the ash (< 1260 degrees C), the relatively loss of potassium can be minimized.
Boiler operation below the minimum solidus temperature (similar to 1050 degrees C)
will further strongly restrict loss of potassium. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Aarhus Univ, Dept Earth Sci, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
C3 University of California System; University of California Davis;
University of California System; University of California Davis; Aarhus
University
RP Thy, P (corresponding author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Geol, 1 Shields Ave,
Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM thy@geology.ucdavis.edu
RI Lesher, Charles E/A-2468-2015
OI Lesher, Charles E/0000-0003-4033-4809; Jenkins,
Bryan/0000-0002-0490-3210; Thy, Peter/0000-0002-9267-5798
CR Bakker RR, 2002, ENERG FUEL, V16, P356, DOI 10.1021/ef010197w
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Jenkins BM, 1999, BIOMASS: A GROWTH OPPORTUNITY IN GREEN ENERGY AND VALUE-ADDED
PRODUCTS, VOLS 1 AND 2, P1357
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MISRA MK, 1993, BIOMASS BIOENERG, V4, P103, DOI 10.1016/0961-9534(93)90032-Y
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Thy P, 1999, ENERG FUEL, V13, P839, DOI 10.1021/ef980249q
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WILLIAMS RJ, 1981, 58234 NASA
NR 27
TC 62
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 27
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0378-3820
J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL
JI Fuel Process. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2006
VL 87
IS 5
BP 383
EP 408
DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.08.015
PG 26
WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 024RE
UT WOS:000236212900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ohta, H
Suito, H
AF Ohta, H
Suito, H
TI Thermodynamics of aluminum and manganese deoxidation equilibria in Fe-Ni
and Fe-Cr alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Al deoxidation; interaction coefficient; Mn distribution; iron-nickel
alloy; iron-chromium alloy
ID LIQUID-IRON; OXYGEN; SLAGS; MELTS; NICKEL; AL; CHROMIUM; MNO; CO; MG
AB Aluminum deoxidation equilibrium and manganese distribution have been studied at
1 873 K in the equilibrium experiment between CaO-Al2O3 slags and Fe-10, 20, 40 and
60mass%Ni alloys or Fe-10, 20 and 40mass%Cr alloys containing Mn and Al. On the
basis of these results, the effect of Ni or Cr on the activity coefficients of Al
and Mn based on liquid iron is discussed and the interaction coefficient between Al
and 0 in liquid iron has been estimated. Some experiments in which Fe-18mass%Cr-
8mass%Ni alloy containing Al and Mn was equilibrated with CaO-Al2O3 slags have been
carried out at 1 873 K. It was found that the observed values for the oxygen
content and the Mn distribution ratio in Fe-18mass%Cr-8 mass%Ni alloy are in good
agreement with the calculated values by using the activity coefficients of Al and
Mn obtained in this study.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi
9808577, Japan.
RP Ohta, H (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat,
Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
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NR 30
TC 62
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 17
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 9
BP 1301
EP 1308
PG 8
GA 724RC
UT WOS:000185499700002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Feichtinger, S
Michelic, SK
Kang, YB
Bernhard, C
AF Feichtinger, Stefan
Michelic, Susanne K.
Kang, Youn-Bae
Bernhard, Christian
TI In Situ Observation of the Dissolution of SiO2
Particles in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slags and
Mathematical Analysis of its Dissolution Pattern
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCIUM-ALUMINUM-SILICATE; CERAMIC SYSTEMS; MOLD FLUXES; DIFFUSION;
STEEL; INCLUSIONS; BEHAVIOR; AL2O3; MELTS; OPTIMIZATION
AB The dissolution of amorphous SiO2 particles in CaO-Al2O3SiO2 slags was
investigated at 1450 degrees C by high-temperature confocal scanning laser
microscopy (HT-CSLM) and thermodynamic/kinetic analyses. The SiO2 particles used in
this experimental study had a spherical form so that any rotation of the particle
did not cause errors in the determination of the particle size during the
dissolution. Moreover, a wide composition range of the slag could be chosen without
forming any solid reaction layer which could distort the evaluation of the
dissolution mechanism. The evolution of the diameter of the spherical SiO2 particle
was measured by image analysis of pictures obtained from the HT-CSLM. It was found
that the dissolution curve of the SiO2 particle (size as a function of time)
exhibited either a parabolic-like curve or an S-shaped curve depending on the slag
composition. The patterns were compared with a well-known shrinking core model
(SCM), and it was shown that the SCM could not represent the dissolution behavior
of the SiO2 particle observed in this study. It was experimentally found that the
shape of the dissolution curves varies as a function of the slag composition. The
curve exhibited a parabolic-like shape for low SiO2-containing slags and changed to
an S-type shape with increasing SiO2 concentration in the slag. To elucidate the
dissolution mechanism, a model based on approximations for the diffusion near the
particle was proposed by modifying the previously available model [M. J. Whelan,
Met. Sci. J., 3, 95-97 (1969)]. From the experimental data and the model
calculations, the viscosity of the slag was shown to be the major factor affecting
both dissolution rate and mechanism. Effective binary diffusion coefficients were
estimated using the model and experimental data. Those were shown to be in the
range of literature data.
C1 [Feichtinger, Stefan; Michelic, Susanne K.; Bernhard, Christian] Univ Leoben,
Chair Ferrous Met, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
[Kang, Youn-Bae] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Grad Inst Ferrous Technol,
Pohang 790784, Kyungbuk, South Korea.
C3 University of Leoben; Pohang University of Science & Technology
(POSTECH)
RP Kang, YB (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Grad Inst
Ferrous Technol, Pohang 790784, Kyungbuk, South Korea.
EM ybkang@postech.ac.kr
RI Bernhard, Christian/AAS-9233-2020; Kang, Youn-Bae/AAU-5544-2021;
Michelic, Susanne/U-4610-2019
OI Bernhard, Christian/0000-0003-3976-9725; Kang,
Youn-Bae/0000-0003-0615-0168; Michelic, Susanne/0000-0002-4325-8648
FU Austrian Federal Government; Styrian Provincial Government; Steirische
Wirtschaftsfoerderungsgesellschaft mbH; POSCO Ltd.; Bundesministerium
fur Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie and the Bundesministerium fur
Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend
FX The authors thank Prof. Chong Soo Lee, Prof. Hae-Geon Lee, Mr. In-Hyeon
Jeong, and other students of Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology,
POSTECH, for their support for staying and carrying out the experiments
in Pohang, Republic of Korea. The contribution of Mr. Siegfried Schider
through assisting the experiments and evaluations in Leoben, Austria is
highly acknowledged. Financial support by the Austrian Federal
Government (in particular from the Bundesministerium fur Verkehr,
Innovation und Technologie and the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft,
Familie und Jugend) and the Styrian Provincial Government, represented
by Oesterreichische Forschungsfoerderungsgesellschaft mbH and by
Steirische Wirtschaftsfoerderungsgesellschaft mbH, within the research
activities of the K2 Competence Centre on "Integrated Research in
Materials, Processing and Product Engineering", operated by the
Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH in the framework of the Austrian
COMET Competence Centre Programme, is gratefully acknowledged. One of
the authors (YBK) also thanks POSCO Ltd. for the financial support
through Steel Innovation Program.
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NR 45
TC 61
Z9 66
U1 2
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 1
BP 316
EP 325
DI 10.1111/jace.12665
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
GA 282UJ
UT WOS:000329198800039
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, DC
Jung, IH
Rhee, PCH
Lee, HG
AF Park, DC
Jung, IH
Rhee, PCH
Lee, HG
TI Reoxidation of Al-Ti containing steels by
CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2 slag
LA English
DT Article
DE reoxidation; supersaturation; self-dissociation of SiO2; inclusion with
two-layer structure
ID MOLTEN STEEL; OXIDATION RATE; LIQUID STEEL; EQUILIBRIA; ALUMINUM
AB Reoxidation of liquid steel containing Al and Ti by 14%CaO-35%Al2O3-10%MgO-
41%SiO2 (in mass%) slag was investigated at 1 823 K with initial Al content of 820
mass ppm and Ti content varied from 100 to 500 mass ppm. It was observed that Al
and Ti in the steel were simultaneously oxidized by SiO2 in the slag, and the
soluble oxygen was supersaturated during the course, particularly with respect to
Al. Based on the experimental results, a new mechanism of the reoxidation reaction
was proposed, which involves chemical reactions both at the metal/slag interface
and in the bulk metal. Self-dissociation of SiO2 into Si and O at the slag/metal
interface was found to play an important role in both supersaturation of oxygen,
and subsequent formation of complex oxide inclusions. Formation of inclusions
having a two-layer structure where an Al2O3 core was enclosed by complex Al-Ti-O
oxide was explained in relation with supersaturation of oxygen in the steel.
C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
Res Inst Sci & Technol, Pohang 790600, South Korea.
C3 Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
RP Park, DC (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
San 31 Hyoja Dong, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
RI Jung, In-Ho/H-6838-2018
OI Jung, In-Ho/0000-0002-9744-7276
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NR 16
TC 61
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 15
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2004
VL 44
IS 10
BP 1669
EP 1678
PG 10
GA 864ZH
UT WOS:000224671400008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, JS
Park, JH
AF Park, Jun Seok
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Effect of Slag Composition on the Concentration of
Al2O3 in the Inclusions in Si-Mn-killed Steel
LA English
DT Article
ID FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; 1 873 K; CAO-SIO2-MNO SLAG; DEOXIDATION
EQUILIBRIUM; SULFIDE CAPACITY; DISSOLUTION MECHANISM; ALUMINUM
DEOXIDATION; INTERFACIAL REACTION; RAMAN-SPECTRA; BEHAVIOR
AB The thermodynamic equilibria between CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2-MgO(-MnO) slag and Fe-
1.5 mass pct Mn-0.5 mass pct Si-0.5 mass pct Cr melt was investigated at 1873 K
(1600 A degrees C) in order to understand the effect of slag composition on the
concentration of Al2O3 in the inclusions in Si-Mn-killed steels. The composition of
the inclusions were mainly equal to (mol pct MnO)/(mol pct SiO2) = 0.8(+/- 0.06)
with Al2O3 content that was increased from about 10 to 40 mol pct by increasing the
basicity of slag (CaO/SiO2 ratio) from about 0.7 to 2.1. The concentration ratio of
the inclusion components, , and the activity ratio of the steel components, ,
showed a good linear relationship on a logarithmic scale, indicating that the
activity coefficient ratio of the inclusion components, , was not significantly
changed. From the slag-steel-inclusion multiphase equilibria, the concentration of
Al2O3 in the inclusions was expressed as a linear function of the activity ratio of
the slag components, on a logarithmic scale. Consequently, a compositional window
of the slag for obtaining inclusions with a low liquidus temperature in the Si-Mn-
killed steel treated in an alumina ladle is recommended. (C) The Minerals, Metals &
Materials Society and ASM International 2013
C1 [Park, Jun Seok] Univ Ulsan, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Ulsan 680749, South Korea.
[Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 426791, South Korea.
C3 University of Ulsan; Hanyang University
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 426791,
South Korea.
EM basicity@hanyang.ac.kr
RI Park, Jun/HPH-3570-2023
FU National Research Foundation of Korea [22A20130012792] Funding Source:
CR [Anonymous], 2003, CAST VOL
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NR 47
TC 60
Z9 68
U1 2
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 3
BP 953
EP 960
DI 10.1007/s11663-013-9998-2
PG 8
Engineering
GA AI6JW
UT WOS:000336980900019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, WH
Sohn, I
Min, DJ
AF Kim, W. H.
Sohn, I.
Min, D. J.
TI A Study on the Viscous Behaviour with K2O Additions in the
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-K2O
Quinary Slag System
SO STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Viscosity; BF slag; K2O; FT-IR; Ion compensation; Critical temperature
ID BLAST-FURNACE OPERATION; FULLY LIQUID SLAGS; SILICATE MELTS; VISCOSITY;
ALUMINUM; SPECTRA; MODEL; FEO; MGO
AB The viscosities of CaO-SiO2-20wt%Al2O3-10 wt%MgO-K2O quinary slags with CaO/SiO2
from 0.8 to 1.2 at 1773K with 1-5 wt% K2O additions were measured to estimate the
effect of K2O on the viscous behaviour of the slags. The measured viscosity at 1773
K increased with K2O addition at a fixed CaO/SiO2, which is contrary to the effect
of Na2O on the viscosity of BF slags. To qualitatively verify the changes in slag
structure, FT-IR spectroscopy was used. It was found that K2O induces Al2O3 to
behave as an acidic oxide by forming [AlO4](5-)-tetrahedral units by the ionic
compensation effect of K+ cations. However, regarding the effect of K2O on the
silicate structure, it is observed that K2O has a negligible effect due to the
consumption of O-2(-) with the formation of [AlO4](5-)-tetrahedral units.
Furthermore, it is also found that Si-O-Al bending became more complicated with K2O
additions, which supports the selective effect of K2O on the aluminate structure of
the slag. In spite of the more complicated structure with K2O additions, the
critical temperature (T-CR) decreased due to the gradual reduction of the liquidus
temperature (T-LO) of the slags.
C1 [Kim, W. H.; Sohn, I.; Min, D. J.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul
120749, South Korea.
RP Min, DJ (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749,
South Korea.
EM chemical@yonsei.ac.kr
RI Min, DongJoon/G-7724-2012; SOHN, IL/I-5815-2012
FU Brain Korea 21 Project; Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial
Technology (KEIT) [K0001343] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science
& Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology
Information Service (NTIS); National Research Foundation of Korea
[2010-0007442] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology
Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service
(NTIS)
FX The authors appreciate H. Kim for his good discussion and the partial
funding provided by the Second Stage of Brain Korea 21 Project.
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NR 38
TC 59
Z9 61
U1 3
U2 31
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 9
BP 735
EP 741
DI 10.1002/srin.201000067
PG 7
GA 651FS
UT WOS:000281912200006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shuva, MAH
Rhamdhani, MA
Brooks, GA
Masood, S
Reuter, MA
AF Shuva, M. A. H.
Rhamdhani, M. A.
Brooks, G. A.
Masood, S.
Reuter, M. A.
TI Thermodynamics data of valuable elements relevant to e-waste processing
through primary and secondary copper production: a review
LA English
DT Review
DE Thermodynamics; Precious metals distribution; Valuable metals
distribution; Black copper smelting; E-waste recycling; WEEE recycling
ID DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR; DISTRIBUTION EQUILIBRIA; LIQUID COPPER;
FEOX-CAO-SIO2 SLAGS; MINOR ELEMENTS; TELLURIUM DISTRIBUTION; ELECTRONIC
WASTE; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; PRECIOUS METALS; MOLTEN COPPER
AB Waste of electronics and electrical equipment (WEEE or e-waste) can be viewed as
a resource for metals, as it does not only contain the common metals like iron
(Fe), aluminium (Al), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) but also traces of precious and
rare elements such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), tin (Sn), selenium (Se), tellurium
(Te), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), tantalum (Ta), cobalt (Co) and indium (In).
The recovery of these trace elements is vital, not just because it has high
commercial values, but also for resources efficiency. One of the existing
industrial routes for processing of e-waste is through the primary and secondary Cu
smelting processes. During these processes, the trace elements are distributed in
different phases, i.e. in metal/matte, slag and gas. Different elements have
different thermodynamic properties that govern the partitioning behaviour during
the process. There has been a number of studies on the distribution behaviour of
the trace elements relevant to primary Cu smelting (extraction of metals from
virgin ores). However, there are only limited thermodynamics data relevant to
secondary Cu smelting (extraction of metals from secondary/recycled sources). This
paper reviews the thermodynamics data relevant for recovering the trace valuable
elements from the primary Cu as well as secondary Cu smelting. These data and
knowledge provide the basis for determining the optimum conditions favourable for
recovering the trace valuable elements in e-waste through the industrial Cu
pyrometallurgical processing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shuva, M. A. H.; Rhamdhani, M. A.; Brooks, G. A.; Masood, S.] Swinburne Univ
Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Shuva, M. A. H.; Rhamdhani, M. A.; Brooks, G. A.; Masood, S.] Wealth Waste Res
Cluster, Brisbane St Lucia, Qld, Australia.
[Reuter, M. A.] Helmholtz Inst Freiberg Resource Technol, Freiberg, Germany.
C3 Swinburne University of Technology; Helmholtz Association;
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR)
RP Rhamdhani, MA (corresponding author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Hawthorn, Vic
3122, Australia.
EM ARhamdhani@swin.edu.au
RI Masood, Syed/AAI-9769-2020; Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar/ACM-2274-2022;
Reuter, Markus/M-5565-2019
OI Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar/0000-0002-9457-3808; Reuter,
Markus/0000-0003-0500-4863; Brooks, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8499-780X;
Masood, Syed/0000-0001-9472-1527
FU Wealth from Waste Research Cluster; Australian CSIRO (Commonwealth
Scientific Industrial Research Organisation); University of Technology,
Sydney; University of Queensland, USA; Swinburne University of
Technology, USA; Monash University, USA; Yale University, USA; Swinburne
Research for the Swinburne University Postgraduate Research Award
(SUPRA)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Swinburne Research for the
Swinburne University Postgraduate Research Award (SUPRA) support. The
authors would like to also acknowledge the support of the Wealth from
Waste Research Cluster, a collaborative program between the Australian
CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation);
University of Technology, Sydney; The University of Queensland,
Swinburne University of Technology, Monash University and Yale
University, USA.
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NR 112
TC 58
Z9 61
U1 6
U2 206
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD SEP 10
PY 2016
VL 131
BP 795
EP 809
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.061
PG 15
& Ecology
GA DQ5UP
UT WOS:000379270900076
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Eschlböck-Fuchs, S
Haslinger, MJ
Hinterreiter, A
Kolmhofer, P
Huber, N
Rössler, R
Heitz, J
Pedarnig, JD
AF Eschlboeck-Fuchs, S.
Haslinger, M. J.
Hinterreiter, A.
Kolmhofer, P.
Huber, N.
Roessler, R.
Heitz, J.
Pedarnig, J. D.
TI Influence of sample temperature on the expansion dynamics and the
optical emission of laser-induced plasma
SO SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS); Calibration free LIBS;
Time-resolved plasma photography; Sample temperature; Plasma expansion
dynamics
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; DOUBLE-PULSE; MINERAL MELT; CALIBRATION;
SPECTROMETRY; ABLATION; SENSOR; STEEL
AB We investigate the influence of sample temperature on the dynamics and optical
emission of laser induced plasma for various solid materials. Bulk aluminum alloy,
silicon wafer, and metallurgical slag samples are heated to temperature T-S <= 500
degrees C and ablated in air by Nd:YAG laser pulses (wavelength 1064 nm, pulse
duration approx. 7 ns). The plasma dynamics is investigated by fast time-resolved
photography. For laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) the optical emission
of plasma is measured by Echelle spectrometers in combination with intensified CCD
cameras. For all sample materials the temporal evolution of plume size and
broadband plasma emission vary systematically with T-S. The size and brightness of
expanding plumes increase at higher T-S while the mean intensity remains
independent of temperature. The intensity of emission lines increases with
temperature for all samples. Plasma temperature and electron number density do not
vary with T-S. We apply the calibration-free LIBS method to determine the
concentration of major oxides in slag and find good agreement to reference data up
to T-S = 450 degrees C. The LIBS analysis of multi-component materials at high
temperature is of interest for technical applications, e.g. in industrial
production processes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Eschlboeck-Fuchs, S.; Haslinger, M. J.; Hinterreiter, A.; Kolmhofer, P.; Huber,
N.; Heitz, J.; Pedarnig, J. D.] Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Christian Doppler Lab
Laser Assisted Diagnost, Inst Appl Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
[Roessler, R.] Voestalpine Stahl GmbH, A-4031 Linz, Austria.
C3 Johannes Kepler University Linz; Voestalpine AG
RP Pedarnig, JD (corresponding author), Johannes Kepler Univ Linz, Christian
Doppler Lab Laser Assisted Diagnost, Inst Appl Phys, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
EM johannes.pedarnig@jku.at
RI Heitz, Johannes/O-8637-2015; Pedarnig, Johannes D/A-8500-2016; Huber,
Norbert/B-9271-2017
OI Heitz, Johannes/0000-0002-5608-5133; Pedarnig, Johannes
D/0000-0002-7842-3922; Haslinger, Michael/0000-0002-0127-5554; Huber,
Norbert/0000-0002-0684-3629
FU Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth; National
Foundation for Research, Technology and Development (Christian Doppler
Laboratory LAD)
FX Financial support by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family
and Youth and the National Foundation for Research, Technology and
Development (Christian Doppler Laboratory LAD) is gratefully
acknowledged. We thank the B & C Privatstiftung for the Houska
Recognition Award 2011 presented to the Christian Doppler Laboratory.
CR [Anonymous], 2006, Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Bauerle D., 2013, LASER PROCESSING CHE
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NR 37
TC 58
Z9 64
U1 3
U2 86
PI OXFORD
SN 0584-8547
J9 SPECTROCHIM ACTA B
JI Spectroc. Acta Pt. B-Atom. Spectr.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 87
BP 36
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.sab.2013.05.023
PG 7
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 210ZN
UT WOS:000323874000005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, T
Wang, Q
He, SP
Xu, JF
Long, X
Lu, YJ
AF Wu, Ting
Wang, Qian
He, Shengping
Xu, Jianfei
Long, Xiao
Lu, Yongjian
TI Study on Properties of Alumina-Based Mould Fluxes for High-Al Steel Slab
Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE crystalline; dynamic reduction; high-Al steel; mould fluxes
ID TRANSFORMATION
AB During the continuous casting of high-Al steel, the dynamic reduction of silica-
based mould fluxes by the aluminium in the steel leads to changes in their
composition and physical properties. The alumina-based mould flux has been
suggested as an alternative to alleviate this reduction problem. However, until
now, the smooth running of high-Al steel continuous casting has been impeded by the
lack of systematic investigation of properties of this slag. In this paper, the
effects of typical components on the properties of alumina-based mould fluxes are
discussed. The experimental results show that: (a) an increase in F- can reduce the
viscosity while increasing the melting and break temperatures; (b) with increasing
Li2O, the viscosity, melting temperature, and break temperature first decrease and
then increase; (c) with the addition of BaO, the viscosity, melting temperature,
and break temperature remain at a low level, while a further increase in BaO causes
a decrease in viscosity, an increase in melting temperature, and the stabilization
of the break temperature; (d) BaO is favorable to stabilize the properties of mould
fluxes for the dissolution of additional Al2O3; (e) the crystalline phases of the
mould fluxes mainly contain 12CaO center dot 7Al(2)O(3) and 11CaO center dot
7Al(2)O(3)center dot CaF2, and 12CaO center dot 7Al(2)O(3) has great potential as a
substitute for cuspidine.
C1 [Wu, Ting; Wang, Qian; He, Shengping; Xu, Jianfei; Long, Xiao; Lu, Yongjian]
Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Met Engn, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400045,
Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University
RP Wu, T (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Met Engn, Coll
Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
EM wuting@cqu.edu.cn
OI Long, Xiao/0000-0001-7141-4102
FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China
[CDJZR11130004]
FX The authors greatly appreciate the funding support from the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities in China (Project No.
CDJZR11130004).
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[No title captured]
NR 15
TC 58
Z9 63
U1 2
U2 27
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD DEC
PY 2012
VL 83
IS 12
BP 1194
EP 1202
DI 10.1002/srin.201200092
PG 9
GA 051UM
UT WOS:000312153200010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vermeulen, Y
Coletti, B
Blanpain, B
Wollants, P
Vleugels, J
AF Vermeulen, Y
Coletti, B
Blanpain, B
Wollants, P
Vleugels, J
TI Material evaluation to prevent nozzle clogging during continuous casting
of Al killed steels
LA English
DT Article
DE continuous casting; aluminium killed low carbon steel; clogging; nozzle;
refractory materials
ID GRAPHITE IMMERSION NOZZLE; MECHANISM; WEAR
AB Al2O3-carbon composite submerged entry nozzles (SEN) are used for continuous
casting of steels. Although this material has excellent mechanical and thermal
properties, it frequently leads to clogging. The purpose of our research is to find
a suitable refractory material that can be used to coat SENs. This paper reports on
the chemical compatibility of a number of potential refractory materials: Al2O3,
ZrO2, Al2O3-carbon, SiO2 and MgO with liquid steel, an amount of simulated
inclusions and synthetic slag. For this purpose, an experimental laboratory
procedure was optimised to simulate the nozzle behaviour during continuous casting.
Al2O3 was found to give satisfactory results, and therefore a Al2O3 plasma coated
Al2O3-carbon material was also tested in the laboratory with good results.
C1 Catholic Univ Louvain, Dept Met & Mat Engn, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
C3 Universite Catholique Louvain
RP Vermeulen, Y (corresponding author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Kasteelpk Arenberg 44, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
RI Vleugels, Jozef/C-8262-2017; Blanpain, Bart/ABW-6334-2022
OI Vleugels, Jozef/0000-0003-4432-4675; Blanpain, Bart/0000-0002-5603-3456
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NR 19
TC 58
Z9 60
U1 1
U2 9
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2002
VL 42
IS 11
BP 1234
EP 1240
PG 7
GA 617TJ
UT WOS:000179376700007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Du, CM
Shang, C
Gong, XJ
Ting, W
Wei, XG
AF Du Changming
Shang Chao
Gong, Xiangjie
Wang Ting
Wei Xiange
TI Plasma methods for metals recovery from metal-containing waste
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Plasma; Metal waste; Metal; Recovery
ID DIELECTRIC-BARRIER DISCHARGES; MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE;
METALLURGICAL-GRADE SILICON; IN-FLIGHT TREATMENT; THERMAL PLASMA;
ELECTROPLATING SLUDGE; VALUABLE METALS; CIRCUIT BOARDS; IRON RECOVERY;
GLIDING ARC
AB Metal-containing waste, a kind of new wastes, has a great potential for
recycling and is also difficult to deal with. Many countries pay more and more
attention to develop the metal recovery process and equipment of this kind of waste
as raw material, so as to solve the environmental pollution and comprehensively
utilize the discarded metal resources. Plasma processing is an efficient and
environmentally friendly way for metal-containing waste. This review mainly discuss
various metal-containing waste types, such as printed circuit boards (PCBs), red
mud, galvanic sludge, Zircon, aluminium dross and incinerated ash, and the
corresponding plasma methods, which include DC extended transferred arc plasma
reactor, DC non-transferred arc plasma torch, RF thermal plasma reactor and argon
and argon-hydrogen plasma jets. In addition, the plasma arc melting technology has
a better purification effect on the extraction of useful metals from metal-
containing wastes, a great capacity of volume reduction of waste materials, and a
low leaching toxicity of solid slag, which can also be used to deal with all kinds
of metal waste materials, having a wide range of applications. (C) 2018 Elsevier
C1 [Du Changming; Shang Chao; Gong, Xiangjie; Wang Ting; Wei Xiange] Sun Yat Sen
Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
C3 Sun Yat Sen University
RP Du, CM; Wei, XG (corresponding author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci &
Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM duchm@mail.sysu.edu.cn; 1220805600@qq.corn; eeswxg@mail.sysu.edu.cn
FU Guangdong Applied Science and Technology Research Project, China
[2015B020237005]; Natural Science Foundation of GuangDong, China
[2016A030313221]
FX The project is supported by the Guangdong Applied Science and Technology
Research Project, China (2015B020237005), and Natural Science Foundation
of GuangDong, China (2016A030313221).
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U2 124
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 77
BP 373
EP 387
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.04.026
PG 15
GA GO8YR
UT WOS:000440389600040
PM 29709310
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Delannoy, Y
AF Delannoy, Yves
TI Purification of silicon for photovoltaic applications
SO JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
LA English
CT 5th International Workshop on Crystal Growth Technology (IWCGT)
CY JUN 26-30, 2011
CL Berlin, GERMANY
DE Purification; Segregation; Stirring; Silicon; Solar cells
ID MOLTEN SILICON; GRADE SILICON; BORON REMOVAL
AB Solar grade silicon, as a starting material for crystallization to produce solar
cells, is discussed here in terms of impurities whose maximum content is estimated
from recent literature and conferences. A review of the production routes for each
category of solar-grade silicon (undoped, compensated or heavily compensated) is
proposed with emphasis on the metallurgical route.
Some recent results are proposed concerning segregation, showing that
directional solidification systems can be used for solidification even at high
solidification rate (15 cm/h). Results on inductive plasma purification, where
boron is evacuated as HBO in a gas phase blown from an inductive plasma torch, are
shown to apply as well to arc plasmas and purification by moist gas.
Special attention is paid to the history of impurities in the purification
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aluminum, etc.) often need their own purification process to enable their
recycling, which has to be considered to evaluate the cost (financial, energetic
and environmental) of the purification route. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 Grenoble INP SIMAP, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France.
C3 Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Institut National Polytechnique de
Grenoble; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
RP Delannoy, Y (corresponding author), Grenoble INP SIMAP, F-38402 St Martin
Dheres, France.
EM Yves.Delannoy@inpg.fr
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U2 51
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0022-0248
EI 1873-5002
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JI J. Cryst. Growth
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PY 2012
VL 360
SI SI
BP 61
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DI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.006
PG 7
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Crystallography; Materials Science; Physics
GA 035JL
UT WOS:000310942500013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Janke, D
Ma, ZT
Valentin, P
Heinen, A
AF Janke, D
Ma, ZT
Valentin, P
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TI Improvement of castability and anality of continuously cast steel
LA English
DT Article
DE thermodynamics; Ca metallurgy; RH treatment; inclusions; castability;
steel quality
ID LIQUID-IRON; OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; CALCIUM; MELTS; ALUMINUM; SOLUBILITY
AB Thermodynamic fundamentals on the systems Fe-Al-O and Fe-Al-Ca-S-O being
important to metallurgy of Ca-treated Al-killed steels are analysed and discussed.
The formation of liquid Ca aluminates for the improvement of castability is pursued
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degassed heats shows a lower oxygen level compared to the non-degassed heats. It is
found that there exists an "inclusion path" during the ladle treatment. The
inclusion path for the heats with RH treatment considerably differs from that of
the heats without RH treatment and it greatly influences the efficiency of Ca
treatment.
C1 TU Freiburg, Inst Iron & Steel Technol, D-09599 Freiburg, Germany.
Saarstahl AG, Betriebschef Stahlerzeugung Sekundarmet, D-66330 Volklingen,
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U2 4
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2000
VL 40
IS 1
BP 31
EP 39
PG 9
GA 290DX
UT WOS:000085661900005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kong, J
Xing, PF
Liu, Y
Wang, JQ
Jin, X
Feng, ZB
Luo, XT
AF Kong, Jian
Xing, Pengfei
Liu, Yang
Wang, Jingqiang
Jin, Xing
Feng, Zhongbao
Luo, Xuetao
TI An Economical Approach for the Recycling of High-Purity Silicon from
Diamond-Wire Saw Kerf Slurry Waste
SO SILICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Diamond-wire; Kerf slurry waste; Acid leaching; Induction furnace;
Melting; SoG-Si
ID METALLURGICAL GRADE SILICON; BORON REMOVAL; DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION;
POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; MOLTEN SILICON; IRON REMOVAL; PHOSPHORUS;
SEPARATION; KINETICS; CARBIDE
AB Large amounts of solar-grade silicon were wasted as silicon powder waste (SPW)
during the diamond-wire saw slicing process. In this paper, the SPW was purified by
acid leaching, and the purified SPW was pelletized. Then the pellets were melted in
induction furnace in air atmosphere to produce high-purity silicon ingots. Firstly,
the SPW as raw material was characterized. The results show that the particle size
of the powder is mainly in the range of 0.14 approximate to 8.71 m, the powder has
a shape of thin flake, the contents of SPW are Si 83.99 wt%, silicon oxide 13.5 wt
%, others 2.51 wt%, of which B (boron) 0.2 ppmw, P (phosphorus) 4.32 ppmw, and
metallic impurities 16412 ppmw, respectively. Secondly, the SPW was purified by
acid leaching and the leaching parameters were optimized, i.e. leaching time 80
min, temperature 60 degrees, acid concentration 25%, liquid-solid ratio 10 mL/g and
agitation speed 200 rpm. Thirdly, the purified SPW was pelletized and then melted
in induction furnace in air atmosphere. High-purity silicon ingots with Si 99.99%,
B 0.16 ppmw and P 1.1 ppmw were produced. The slag mainly consists of 48.63 wt% Si,
43.51 wt% SiO2 and 7.86 wt% SiC. The high-purity silicon ingots can be used to
produce aluminum silicon alloy and silicon nitride. And it is prospective to use
the high-purity silicon ingots as the feedstock to produce solar grade silicon
(SoG-Si).
C1 [Kong, Jian; Xing, Pengfei; Liu, Yang; Wang, Jingqiang; Jin, Xing; Feng,
Zhongbao] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Luo, Xuetao] Xiamen Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
C3 Northeastern University - China; Xiamen University
RP Xing, PF (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM xingpf@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Kong, Jian/HZH-7744-2023
FU State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51334004]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51074043];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University
FX This work was financially supported by the State Key Program of National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51334004), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51074043) and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University (Grant
No.N120409004).
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NR 50
TC 56
Z9 59
U1 14
U2 65
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-990X
EI 1876-9918
J9 SILICON-NETH
JI Silicon
PD FEB
PY 2019
VL 11
IS 1
BP 367
EP 376
DI 10.1007/s12633-018-9889-x
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA HK4GV
UT WOS:000457881700035
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Anuwattana, R
Khummongkol, P
AF Anuwattana, Rewadee
Khummongkol, Pojanie
TI Conventional hydrothermal synthesis of Na-A zeolite from cupola slag and
aluminum sludge
LA English
DT Article
DE Cupola slag; Zeolite; Synthesis; Fusion method; Hydrothermal
ID COAL FLY-ASH
AB Na-A type zeolites were prepared from two industrial wastes: the solid by-
product of cupola slag and aluminum sludge from an aluminum plating plant. Two
preparation methods using the same starting material compositions were carried out.
In the first method, alkaline fusion was introduced, followed by the hydrothermal
treatment to obtain sodium aluminosilicate which was then crystallized in NaOH
solution under the condition of 90 +/- 3 degrees C for 1-9 h with different
H2O/SiO2 ratios. The result shows that higher H2O/SiO2 ratio increases the rate of
crystallization. The largest amount of crystallinity for Na-A was found at 3 h. In
the second method, alkaline hydrothermal treatment without fusion was carried out
in the same condition as the first method. No Na-A zeolite was obtained by this
method. The changes of the dissolved amounts of Si4+ and Al3+ in 3 M NaOH were
investigated during the hydrothermal reaction. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Anuwattana, Rewadee; Khummongkol, Pojanie] King Mongkuts Univ Technol Thonburi,
Sch Energy & Mat, Environm Technol Div, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
C3 King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi
RP Khummongkol, P (corresponding author), King Mongkuts Univ Technol Thonburi, Sch
Energy & Mat, Environm Technol Div, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
EM Pojanie.khu@kmutt.ac.th
FU Thailand Research Fund
FX This research was supported by Thailand Research Fund under the Royal
Golden jubilee award (TRF-RGJ).
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NR 16
TC 56
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-3894
EI 1873-3336
J9 J HAZARD MATER
PD JUL 15
PY 2009
VL 166
IS 1
BP 227
EP 232
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.020
PG 6
GA 453MQ
UT WOS:000266615100030
PM 19111982
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, L
Skjevrak, G
Hustad, JE
Gronli, MG
AF Wang, Liang
Skjevrak, Geir
Hustad, Johan E.
Gronli, Morten G.
TI Effects of Sewage Sludge and Marble Sludge Addition on Slag
Characteristics during Wood Waste Pellets Combustion
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOMASS PELLETS; MELTING BEHAVIOR; ASH; KAOLIN; FUELS; TEMPERATURE;
TRANSFORMATIONS; TENDENCIES; PREVENTION; REDUCTION
AB The objectives of the present work were to investigate the effects of sewage
sludge and marble sludge addition on slagging tendency and obtain better
understandings for slag formation processes during the combustion of problematic
wood waste pellets. Wood waste pellets produced with and without additives were
combusted in a boiler (1.2 MW(th)) with continuous measurements of the combustion
temperature and flue gas composition. The chemical composition, mineral phase, and
microchemistry of the collected bottom ash and slag were examined by X-ray
fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy
coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX). Reference wood waste
pellets showed a high slagging tendency with 34 wt % of the ingoing fuel ash formed
as slag on the grate. XRF and SEM/EDX analyses revealed high contents of Si, K, and
Na in the slag and a clear correlation among the three elements. It implies melted
fractions of the slag consist of alkali silicates indirectly observed as glass
phases by XRD analysis. The severe slagging of wood waste pellets was reduced
distinctly upon addition of marble sludge. For two marble sludge added combustion
tests, less than 3 wt % of the ingoing fuel ash formed as low sintering degrees
slag. The mineral compositions of the resultant slag were changed from low melting
point silicates to high temperature melting calcium based silicates, oxides, and
hydroxides. SEM/EDX revealed enhancement of Ca and Mg in the melted slag, which
were possibly originated from marble sludge and dissolved in ash melts. This may
lead to release of alkali metals from the ash melts thereby reducing the formed
melt amount. In addition, marble sludge addition restrained sintering and
accumulation of melted ash into a continuous phase and resulted in fragile slag
particles. Addition of 4 wt % sewage sludge has a minor effect on the slag
formation of wood waste pellets combustion. The sizes and sintering degrees of the
formed slag were considerably decreased and the mineral compositions in the slag
were dominated by high temperature melting corundum and calcium silicates. The
enrichment of kalsilite observed in the slag was probably caused by the reactions
of aluminum silicates in the sewage sludge with potassium from the fuel. The
corundum, calcium silicates, and kalsilite have higher melting temperatures and
thus gave a lower ash melt fraction in the slag. However, as a result of the
addition of sewage sludge, both the ash content and the Si level of ingoing fuel
pellets were enhanced. Thereby the formed slag amount increased slightly for the
combustion of the 8 wt % sewage sludge blended wood waste pellets.
C1 [Wang, Liang; Skjevrak, Geir; Hustad, Johan E.; Gronli, Morten G.] Norwegian
Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Energy & Proc Engn, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
C3 Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
RP Wang, L (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Energy & Proc
Engn, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
EM liang.wang@sintef.no
RI Wang, Liang/L-3759-2019
OI Gronli, Morten Gunnar/0000-0003-1788-7499; Wang,
Liang/0000-0002-1458-7653
FU Research Council of Norway; More Biovarme AS; Ekornes ASA
FX The financial support from the Research Council of Norway is gratefully
acknowledged. The support given by Johnny Winsjansen (More Biovarme AS),
Fred Anton Alvestad and Hakon Eikemo (Ekornes ASA), during the
experiments is gratefully appreciated. Finally, we thank two reviewers
for their insightful comments on our work.
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U1 0
U2 52
PI WASHINGTON
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD DEC
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VL 25
IS 12
BP 5775
EP 5785
DI 10.1021/ef2007722
PG 11
GA 860KF
UT WOS:000297946500026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fernández-González, D
Ruiz-Bustinza, I
Mochón, J
González-Gasca, C
Verdeja, LF
AF Fernandez-Gonzalez, D.
Ruiz-Bustinza, I.
Mochon, J.
Gonzalez-Gasca, C.
Verdeja, L. F.
TI Iron Ore Sintering: Process
LA English
DT Review
DE Agglomeration; CAP process; flame front; HPS process; iron ore; MEBIOS
process; sintering; softening and melting
ID COMPOSITE AGGLOMERATION; MINERAL PHASES; QUASI-PARTICLE; CALCIUM
FERRITE; SILICO-FERRITES; COMBUSTION-RATE; ALUMINUM SFCA; BED STRUCTURE;
RAW-MATERIALS; COKE BREEZE
AB Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of
iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slag-forming agents, and
solid fuel (coke). The purpose of the sintering process is manufacturing a product
with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical and chemical) to
be fed to the blast furnace. The process has been widely studied and researched in
the iron and steelmaking industry to know the best parameters that allow one to
obtain the best sinter quality. The present article reviews the sintering process
that the mixture follows, once granulated, when it is loaded onto the sinter
strand. There, the sinter mixture is partially melted at a temperature between
1300-1480 degrees C and undergoes a series of reactions that forms the sinter cake
to be loaded into the blast furnace to produce pig iron.
C1 [Fernandez-Gonzalez, D.; Verdeja, L. F.] Univ Oviedo, Sch Mines Energy & Mat,
Dept Mat Sci & Met Engn, Oviedo 33004, Asturias, Spain.
[Ruiz-Bustinza, I.; Mochon, J.] Natl Ctr Met Res CENIM CSIC, Dept Primary Met &
Recycling, Madrid, Spain.
[Gonzalez-Gasca, C.] European Univ Madrid Laureate Int Univ, Madrid, Spain.
C3 University of Oviedo; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas
(CSIC); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalurgicas (CENIM);
European University of Madrid
RP Fernández-González, D (corresponding author), Univ Oviedo, Sch Mines Energy &
Mat, Dept Mat Sci & Met Engn, Oviedo 33004, Asturias, Spain.
EM fernandezgdaniel@uniovi.es
RI ruiz-bustinza, inigo/AFV-2095-2022; Fernández-González,
Daniel/AAA-7211-2020; González, Daniel Fernández/K-6869-2019;
Ruiz-Bustinza, Inigo/L-5899-2014
OI Fernández-González, Daniel/0000-0001-6957-4764; Ruiz-Bustinza,
Inigo/0000-0002-8571-1105
FU Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports via an FPU (Formacion
del Profesorado Universitario) [FPU014/02436]
FX This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education,
Culture and Sports via an FPU (Formacion del Profesorado Universitario)
grant to Daniel Fernandez Gonzalez (FPU014/02436).
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PG 13
GA EX7JU
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TI Effects of B2O3 and BaO on the Crystallization
Behavior of CaO-Al2O3-Based Mold Flux for Casting
High-Al Steels
LA English
DT Article
ID VISCOSITY; RATIO; SLAGS; TI
AB The non-reactive lime-alumina-based mold flux has been proposed to overcome the
aluminum introduced slag/steel interaction problems during the casting of high
aluminum bearing steels. In this article, a new mold flux with CaO/Al2O3 (C/A)
ratio of 2 was designed, and the effects of BaO substituting for CaO to replace
B2O3 on the mold flux crystallization behaviors have been investigated through the
using of single hot thermocouple technology and double hot thermocouple technology
(DHTT). The results suggested that BaO shows the stronger tendency to inhibit
crystallization of mold flux comparing with B2O3; however, the synergic effect of
the combination of BaO and B2O3 tends to improve the mold flux crystallization in
this non-reactive mold flux system. The analysis of the crystallized phases for
different samples and the crystallization behaviors under simulated thermal
gradient through DHTT were also conducted to support the reliability of above
conclusions. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International
2015
C1 [Xiao, Dan; Wang, Wanlin; Lu, Boxun] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha
FU NSFC [51274244, 51322405]; Hunan Excellent Young Scholar Funding
[14JJ1005]
FX The financial support from NSFC (51274244, 51322405) and Hunan Excellent
Young Scholar Funding (14JJ1005) is greatly acknowledged.
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NR 17
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 53
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 46
IS 2
BP 873
EP 881
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0286-6
PG 9
Engineering
GA CE5GW
UT WOS:000351860300037
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LJ
Li, H
Wang, WL
Xiao, D
Zhang, L
Yu, J
AF Zhou, Lejun
Li, Huan
Wang, Wanlin
Xiao, Dan
Zhang, Lei
Yu, Jie
TI Effect of Li2O on the Behavior of Melting, Crystallization,
and Structure for CaO-Al2O3-Based Mold Fluxes
LA English
DT Article
ID INDUCED-PLASTICITY STEELS; HIGH AL STEEL; VISCOUS BEHAVIOR;
INFRARED-SPECTRA; VISCOSITY; ALUMINUM; SLAGS; PERFORMANCE; GLASSES;
SYSTEM
AB The effect of Li2O content on the behavior of melting, crystallization, and
molten structure for CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes was investigated in this article,
through use of single hot thermocouple technology (SHTT), Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The
SHTT results showed that the melting temperature range of the designed mold fluxes
decreases and the crystallization of mold fluxes is inhibited first and then
becomes enhanced when the Li2O content increases from 1 to 6 mass pct. The FTIR and
Raman spectroscopy results suggested that Li2O could release O2- ions to break the
complex Al-O-Al structural unit into Al-O- structure. Meanwhile, Li2O could also
stabilize the structural unit of Si-O-Al by link aluminate and Q(0)(Si) structure
through providing Li+ ions to merge into the network and compensate for the charges
between Al3+ and Si4+. Besides, the XRD results indicated that the precipitation of
LiAlO2 in molten slag would enhance the crystallization behavior of mold flux when
Li2O content is over 4.5 mass pct.
C1 [Zhou, Lejun; Li, Huan; Wang, Wanlin; Xiao, Dan; Zhang, Lei; Yu, Jie] Cent S
Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Lejun; Li, Huan; Wang, Wanlin; Xiao, Dan; Zhang, Lei; Yu, Jie] Cent S
Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res Clean Met, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
C3 Central South University; Central South University
RI zhou, lejun/HJZ-1171-2023; Zhang, Lei/ABA-4375-2021
OI Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-1758-5733; Zhou, Lejun/0000-0003-3127-6942
FU National Science Foundation of China [U1760202, 51504294]; Opening
Foundation from the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of
Metallurgical Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling (Anhui University
of Technology)
FX Financial support from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant
Nos. U1760202 and 51504294) and the Opening Foundation from the Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction &
Resources Recycling (Anhui University of Technology) are greatly
acknowledged.
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NR 32
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 6
U2 71
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 49
IS 5
BP 2232
EP 2240
DI 10.1007/s11663-018-1327-3
PG 9
Engineering
GA GT8DR
UT WOS:000444765500012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sakata, K
AF Sakata, Kimiaki
TI Technology for production of austenite type clean stainless steel
LA English
CT 12th ISIJ-VDEh Seminar
CY NOV 21-22, 2005
CL Kitakyushu, JAPAN
DE secondary refining; Si deoxidation; desulfurization; spinel inclusion;
immersion nozzle clogging; magnesia inclusion; alumina inclusion
ID FE-NI; SLAGS; DEOXIDATION; ALUMINUM
AB We established the refining technology for cleanliness in regard to austenite
type stainless steel. But immersion nozzle clogging in continuous casting occurred
by formation of spinel (MgO-Al2O3) type inclusions in strong reduction refining for
cleanliness. Therefore, we estimated the conditions for formation of spinel and it
was possible to improve the castability while keeping cleanliness by controlling of
inclusion compositions.
C1 Aichi Steel Co Ltd, Specialty Steel Engn Dept, Prod Engn Div 1, Tokai, Aichi
4768666, Japan.
RP Sakata, K (corresponding author), Aichi Steel Co Ltd, Specialty Steel Engn Dept,
Prod Engn Div 1, 1 Wanowari,Arao Machi, Tokai, Aichi 4768666, Japan.
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NR 16
TC 52
Z9 58
U1 2
U2 14
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2006
VL 46
IS 12
BP 1795
EP 1799
PG 5
GA 121TL
UT WOS:000243179800011
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ünlü, N
Drouet, MG
AF Ünlü, N
Drouet, MG
TI Comparison of salt-free aluminum dross treatment processes
LA English
DT Article
DE Dross recycling; aluminum; salt-free dross processing; alcan plasma
torch process; Droscar process; alurec process; ecocent process;
Drosrite process
AB Dross is an unavoidable by-product of the aluminum production. It forms at the
surface of the molten metal as the latter reacts with the furnace atmosphere.
Depending on the process, it contains, on average, about 50% free aluminum metal
dispersed in an oxide layer. Since the aluminum production is highly energy-
intensive, dross recycling is very attractive from both the energy and the economic
standpoints. The conventional recycling process using salt rotary furnaces is
thermally inefficient and environmentally non-acceptable because of the production
of salt slags. Several salt-free dross treatment processes have been proposed in
the last few years, their operation, energy consumption and metal yield will be
described in detail and compared in the present paper. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science
B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Istanbul Tech Univ, Fac Chem Met, Dept Met Engn & Mat Sci, TR-80626 Istanbul,
Turkey.
C3 Istanbul Technical University
RP Ünlü, N (corresponding author), Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 116
Engineers Way, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RI Ünlü, Necip/A-5830-2016
OI Ünlü, Necip/0000-0001-5850-6272
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NR 10
TC 52
Z9 61
U1 4
U2 48
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
PD JUL
PY 2002
VL 36
IS 1
BP 61
EP 72
AR PII S0921-3449(02)00010-1
DI 10.1016/S0921-3449(02)00010-1
PG 12
GA 593KW
UT WOS:000177991300004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, XY
Liu, JX
Qin, H
Liu, Y
Tian, QH
Li, D
AF Guo, Xueyi
Liu, Jingxin
Qin, Hong
Liu, Yang
Tian, Qinghua
Li, Dong
TI Recovery of metal values from waste printed circuit boards using an
alkali fusion-leaching-separation process
SO HYDROMETALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Waste printed circuit boards; Alkali fusion process; Copper; Amphoteric
metals
ID PRECIOUS METALS; COPPER CATHODE; TITANIUM; END; PYROLYSIS; STABILITY;
VANADIUM; SCRAP; GOLD; SLAG
AB An efficient alkali fusion-leaching-separation process is developed to recover
metals in crushed metal enrichment (CME) which originated from waste printed
circuit boards (PCBs). Impacts of fusion parameters on metals conversions were
systematically investigated. In the fusion-leaching process, amphoteric metals such
as tin, lead, zinc and aluminum in the CME were leached out, while leaving copper
and precious metals in the residue. Subsequently, metals in solution were further
extracted via precipitation processes, and metals in the residue were recovered
using an add leaching-electrowinning process. Cathode copper, nano-Cu2O,
CaSnO3/CaSn(OH)(6) crystal and mixture of PbS-ZnS were obtained as the final
products of this process. By optimizing the experimental conditions, recoveries of
98.66% for Cu, 91.08% for Sn, 91.25% for Zn, 78.78% for Pb were achieved,
respectively. And all precious metals were enriched in the final residue with
grades of Au 613 g/t, and Ag 2157 g/t. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, Xueyi; Liu, Jingxin; Qin, Hong; Liu, Yang; Tian, Qinghua; Li, Dong] Cent S
Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Xueyi; Tian, Qinghua; Li, Dong] Nonferrous Met Ind China, Cleaner Met Engn
Res Ctr, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Guo, XY (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha
EM xyguo@csu.edu.cn
OI Liu, Jingxin/0000-0001-6882-2228; Guo, Xueyi/0000-0003-0660-3024
International Cooperation program of Ministry of Science & Technology of
China [2014DFA90520]
FX The work presented in this paper is supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Project No.51074190 and No.51234009), the
International Cooperation program of Ministry of Science & Technology of
China (Project No.2014DFA90520).
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NR 40
TC 51
Z9 56
U1 3
U2 77
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-386X
EI 1879-1158
J9 HYDROMETALLURGY
JI Hydrometallurgy
PD JUL
PY 2015
VL 156
BP 199
EP 205
DI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.06.011
PG 7
GA CR5RE
UT WOS:000361400800026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU CHO, SW
SUITO, H
AF CHO, SW
SUITO, H
TI ASSESSMENT OF ALUMINUM OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM IN LIQUID-IRON AND ACTIVITIES
IN CAO-AL2O3-SIO2 SLAGS
LA English
DT Article
DE SLAG METAL EQUILIBRIUM; ACTIVITY; DEOXIDATION; DISTRIBUTION RATIO;
CAO-AL2O3-SIO2 SLAG; NITROGEN; SULFUR
ID GALVANIC CELLS; MELTS; SYSTEM; NITROGEN; CAO-SIO2
AB The equilibrium constant K(Al) for the reaction: 2Al+30=Al2O3(s) and the first-
order interaction parameter e(Al)O were estimated at 1 873 K by using the values
for the contents of oxygen, aluminum and other components obtained in slag-metal
equilibrium experiments and those for activity of alumina, along with the
respective interaction parameters. The values for log K(Al) and e(Al)O were found
to be 13.3 +/- 0.59 and -6.83 +/- 0.07, respectively.
Activities of slag components in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system were also evaluated
at 1 873 K from the values for nitride and sulfide capacities coupled with nitrogen
and sulfur distribution ratios. These results were discussed by comparing with
previous values.
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U1 0
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PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 1994
VL 34
IS 2
BP 177
EP 185
PG 9
GA MX335
UT WOS:A1994MX33500007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Phiri, TC
Singh, P
Nikoloski, AN
AF Phiri, Tina Chanda
Singh, Pritam
Nikoloski, Aleksandar N.
TI The potential for copper slag waste as a resource for a circular
economy: A review-Part II
LA English
DT Review
DE Copper slag waste; Circular economy; Characterisation; Metal recovery;
Utilisation
ID RUDAWY JANOWICKIE MOUNTAINS; HISTORICAL CU-SLAGS; CONVERTER SLAG;
SMELTER SLAG; METAL VALUES; BASE METALS; HYDROMETALLURGICAL RECOVERY;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; FLOTATION TAILINGS
AB Copper slag waste has continued to cause increasing concerns due to the huge
volumes being produced annually worldwide. This paper presents a review of copper
slag as a potential resource for cobalt and copper metals for a circular economy.
An overview of the chemical and mineralogical characterisation of copper slag from
21 major producing countries is discussed. Characterisation is an important
consideration in understanding the nature and environmental behaviour of copper
slag. Copper smelter slags are highly heterogeneous and chemically diverse. The
principal slag constituents are silica, ferrous oxide, ferric oxide, limestone, and
alumina. The slag also contains high concentrations of valuable metals and
metalloids such as copper, cobalt, zinc, calcium, aluminium, silver, magnesium, and
lead. The variation in the chemical and mineralogical composition of copper slag is
mainly influenced by the type of concentrate, type of fluxes, furnace type and
cooling rates during and following the smelting and converting processes.
Furthermore, the various processing strategies for metal recovery, such as
flotation, pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy is presented. Finally, utilisation of
the copper slag waste in the concrete industry to promote environmental
sustainability is discussed. This review demonstrates that processing and
repurposing of copper slag waste has benefits of a circular economy such as
increasing critical metal supply, lowering the cost of concrete, and reducing
environmental harm.
C1 [Phiri, Tina Chanda; Singh, Pritam; Nikoloski, Aleksandar N.] Murdoch Univ, Fac
Energy & Engn, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
C3 Murdoch University
RP Nikoloski, AN (corresponding author), Murdoch Univ, Fac Energy & Engn, 90 South
St, Murdoch, WA, Australia.
EM a.nikoloski@murdoch.edu.au
OI Nikoloski, Aleksandar/0000-0002-5267-7262
FU Schlumberger Foundation Faculty for the Future Fellowship
FX The authors would like to thank the Schlumberger Foundation Faculty for
the Future Fellowship for the financial support.
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NR 131
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 16
U2 74
PI OXFORD
SN 0892-6875
J9 MINER ENG
JI Miner. Eng.
PD OCT 1
PY 2021
VL 172
AR 107150
DI 10.1016/j.mineng.2021.107150
EA AUG 2021
PG 16
GA US6GU
UT WOS:000697526100008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yao, XL
Wang, WL
Liu, M
Yao, YG
Wu, S
AF Yao, Xingliang
Wang, Wenlong
Liu, Min
Yao, Yonggang
Wu, Shuang
TI Synergistic use of industrial solid waste mixtures to prepare
ready-to-use lightweight porous concrete
LA English
DT Review
DE Ready-to-use lightweight porous concrete; Industrial solid wastes;
Synergistic effect; High early compressive strength; Life cycle
assessment
ID AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE; FOAMED CONCRETE; HYDRATION; BUILDINGS;
STRENGTH; ENERGY; CEMENT; GYPSUM; ASH
AB Lightweight porous concrete is a popular energy-saving building material.
However, the raw materials required to prepare this concrete paste are extracted
from natural resources, and its early compressive strength is so low that it cannot
be used for applications with a short casting time. In order to improve the early
compressive strength and reduce energy and resource consumption during preparation,
this study proposes using only solid wastes to prepare the pastes for lightweight
porous concrete that can be ready to use in a short time. This was achieved by
sintering a mixture of aluminum dust, flue-gas desulfurization gypsum, carbide
slag, and red mud to obtain a cementitious material (CM). Then, other solid wastes
(14.26 wt% flue-gas desulfurization gypsum, 9.9 wt% fly ash, and 1 wt% carbide
slag) were blended with the CM to prepare ready-to-use lightweight porous concrete
(RLPC), which was successfully prepared using only industrial solid wastes as the
raw materials. The minimum thermal conductivity obtained was 0.15 W/m.K, and the
maximum 28-d compressive strength obtained was 3.57 MPa for an RLPC dry density of
similar to 600 kg/m(3). In addition, the 4-h and 1-d compressive strengths were up
to 1.31 MPa and 1.57 MPa, respectively, which is even higher than the 28-d
compressive strength of most conventional foamed concretes. Finally, our life cycle
assessment showed that the preparation of RLPC has a lower environmental impact
than that of conventional foamed concrete. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Yao, Xingliang; Wang, Wenlong; Yao, Yonggang; Wu, Shuang] Shandong Univ, Natl
Engn Lab Coal Fired Pollutants Emiss Reduct, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R
China.
[Liu, Min] UCL, Civil Environm & Geomat Engn, London WC1E 6BT, England.
C3 Shandong University; University of London; University College London
RP Wang, WL (corresponding author), Shandong Univ, Natl Engn Lab Coal Fired
Pollutants Emiss Reduct, Jinan 250061, Shandong, Peoples R China.
EM yaoxl1991@163.com; wwenlong@sdu.edu.cn; min.liu.13@ucl.ac.uk;
501779594@qq.com; 1652756099@qq.com
RI wang, wenlong/L-2239-2013; Yao, Xingliang/AAG-2215-2021
OI Yao, Xingliang/0000-0001-5355-905X; Wu, Shuang/0000-0001-9125-8741
FU National Key Research & Development Program of China [2017YFC0703100];
Shandong Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars
[JQ201514]; Natural Science Foundation Major Primary Research Program of
Shandong Province [ZR2017ZC0734]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of the National Key Research &
Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0703100), the Shandong
Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. JQ201514),
and the Natural Science Foundation Major Primary Research Program of
Shandong Province (No. ZR2017ZC0734).
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NR 32
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 12
U2 153
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD FEB 20
PY 2019
VL 211
BP 1034
EP 1043
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.252
PG 10
& Ecology
GA HK4SC
UT WOS:000457952400089
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pereira, DA
Aguiar, J
Castro, F
Almeida, MF
Labrincha, JA
AF Pereira, DA
Aguiar, J
Castro, F
Almeida, MF
Labrincha, JA
TI Mechanical behaviour of Portland cement mortars with incorporation of
Al-containing salt slags
LA English
DT Article
DE waste management; mortar; Portland cement; salt slag; mechanical
properties
AB Recovery of a salt cake slag produced from aluminum scrap re-melted in rotary
furnaces, at the lowest cost, while complying with all environmental laws is the
main objective of this study. The characterisation of the slag residue involved
determinations of the water leaching conditions, toxicological analysis, chemical
analysis of the leaching waste, and mineralogical composition. A two-phase study
was made to determine the effect of waste additions on mechanical properties of
cement mortars, involving partial replacements of either sand or cement. SEM
characterisation of fracture surfaces was also made. Partial substitution of
cement, which is the most expensive component of the mortar, by salt slag has both
environmental and economical advantages. However, only small amounts (up to 10 wt.
%) can be replaced by washed slag without significant damage to mortar
characteristics. Sand substitution by slag is less problematic and 30-50 wt.%
replacement levels are easily achieved. However, the direct economical impact is
less relevant. The incorporation of unwashed slag in impracticable, as a result of
noxious gases released and significant volumetric expansion effects. (C) 2000
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Aveiro, Dep Eng Ceram & Vidro, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Inst Super Engn, Dep Eng Mecan, P-4200 Oporto, Portugal.
Univ Minho, Dept Civil Engn, P-4810 Guimaraes, Portugal.
Univ Minho, Dept Eng Mecan, P-4810 Guimaraes, Portugal.
Univ Porto, Dept Engn Met, P-4000 Oporto, Portugal.
C3 Universidade de Aveiro; Instituto Politecnico do Porto; Universidade do
Minho; Universidade do Minho; Universidade do Porto
RP Labrincha, JA (corresponding author), Univ Aveiro, Dep Eng Ceram & Vidro, P-
3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
EM jal@cv.ua.pt
RI Castro, Fernando A.P./H-6642-2015; Labrincha, J./B-3984-2010; Aguiar,
José/B-6597-2009; Almeida, Manuel Fonseca/I-7072-2015
OI Castro, Fernando A.P./0000-0002-6674-3988; Labrincha,
J./0000-0003-4782-1685; Aguiar, José/0000-0003-3954-5721; Almeida,
Manuel Fonseca/0000-0001-9326-7043
[Anonymous], 1992, 1971 ENV EUR COMM ST
*ASS FRANC NORM, 1992, X32210 ASS FRANC NOR
COUTO DMS, IN PRESS CERAMICA AC
Couto DMS, 1998, P 2 MED CLAY M, V2, P214
*EUR COMM STAND, 1987, 1961 EN EUR COMM STA
*EUR COMM STAND, 1993, 206 ENV EUR COMM STA
PEREIRA DA, 1997, P 8 C PORT MAT SOC M, V1, P182
VILAND JS, 1990, SECONDARY VIEW RECYC, P427
NR 9
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 6
PI OXFORD
SN 0008-8846
JI Cem. Concr. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2000
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1131
EP 1138
DI 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00272-6
PG 8
GA 356KQ
UT WOS:000089442800015
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, DJ
Liu, KG
Wen, CY
Shen, YQ
Jiang, GQ
AF Shen, Dejian
Liu, Kaigi
Wen, Chuyuan
Shen, Yongqiang
Jiang, Guoqing
TI Early-age cracking resistance of ground granulated blast furnace slag
concrete
LA English
DT Article
DE High-performance concrete; Ground granulate blast furnace slag; Cracking
resistance; Residual stress; Stress relaxation; Stress rate
ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE; RESIDUAL-STRESS DEVELOPMENT; SUPER ABSORBENT
POLYMERS; HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE; SHRINKAGE CRACKING; AUTOGENOUS
SHRINKAGE; RESTRAINED CONCRETE; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; CURING
TEMPERATURE; MINERAL ADMIXTURES
AB High-performance concrete (HPC) generally experiences rather high autogenous
shrinkage. If restrained, residual tensile stress will be induced which may be
sufficient to cause cracking. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) has been
utilized as a mineral admixture to reduce shrinkage cracking in HPC. The restrained
shrinkage cracking of concrete containing GGBFS appears to be less than that of
concrete without slag. However, the data is limited, and the effect of the GGBFS on
the restrained cracking resistance needs to be further investigated. Restrained
ring tests on cracking resistance of HPC using GGBFS as 0%, 20%, 35%, and 50% by
weight replacements of cement were performed. Four concrete mixtures with the same
w/b ratio of 0.32 were placed in a 23 +/- 1 degrees C, 60 +/- 5% RH environment,
and covered with vinyl and aluminum adhesive tape. The outer rings were removed at
24 h after casting to allow water evaporation through the height of the specimen.
Test results showed that: (1) the residual tensile stress at the age of 14.25 days
after casting decreased by 18.6%, 33.2%, and 40.9% when the amount of GGBFS
increased from 0% to 20%, 35%, and 50%, respectively; (2) the stress rate decreased
by 58.9%, 62.5%, and 66.8% when the amount of GGBFS increased from 0% to 20%, 35%,
and 50%, respectively, indicating that the cracking resistance based on stress rate
increased with increasing GGBFS replacement. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Shen, Dejian; Liu, Kaigi; Wen, Chuyuan; Shen, Yongqiang] Hohai Univ, Coll Civil
& Transportat Engn, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Dejian; Liu, Kaigi; Wen, Chuyuan; Shen, Yongqiang] Jiangsu Engn Res Ctr
Crack Control Concrete, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Dejian; Liu, Kaigi; Wen, Chuyuan; Shen, Yongqiang; Jiang, Guoqing]
Nanjing Engn Res Ctr Prefabricated Construct, 1 Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu,
Peoples R China.
[Jiang, Guoqing] Nanjing Construct Grp CO Ltd, 200 Ruanjian Ave, Nanjing 210012,
Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Hohai University
RP Shen, DJ (corresponding author), Hohai Univ, Coll Civil & Transportat Engn, 1
Xikang Rd, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM shendjn@163.com
OI Shen, Dejian/0000-0002-0283-6835
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51578215]; Qing Lan
Project of Jiangsu Province; Fundamental Research Funds for Central
Universities [2018B664X14]; Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation
Program of Jiangsu Province [KYCX18_0568]
FX The financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 51578215) is gratefully acknowledged. This work is also
sponsored by Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province. The support of the
Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (Grant No.
2018B664X14) is also gratefully acknowledged. The Postgraduate Research
& Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No.
KYCX18_0568) is also gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 78
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 4
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
PD OCT 20
PY 2019
VL 222
BP 278
EP 287
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.028
PG 10
GA IU3BS
UT WOS:000483454300025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, X
Chen, M
Wang, N
Wang, D
AF Shen, Xiang
Chen, Min
Wang, Nan
Wang, Dong
TI Viscosity Property and Melt Structure of
CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO Slag System
LA English
DT Article
DE quinary slag system; smelting reduction; viscosity; structure;
polymerization degree
ID ALUMINOSILICATE MELTS; CALCIUM ALUMINATE; SILICATE MELTS; RAMAN;
GLASSES; BEHAVIOR; BEARING; MGO; IR
AB For the purpose to describe the change of the viscosity properties of the
converter slag during smelting reduction process using aluminum ash as reductant
and provide basis for technology development, the viscosity of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-
FeO slag system at a fixed basicity of 3 was measured with the various ratio of
A/(A+F) (w(Al2O3)/w(Al2O3+FeO)) by the cylinder method, and the structural of the
melt was analyzed based on the FTIR and Raman spectroscopy to further explain the
evolution behavior of viscosity. The results showed that viscosity of the slag was
increased with increasing the ratio of A/(A+F). When this ratio increased from 0.17
to 0.5, the simple network units of the molten slag were polymerized into more
complex network structure, resulting in a slow increase in viscosity from 0.65
dPa.s to 0.91 dPa.s at 1 873 K. With further increasing this ratio to 1.0, the main
structure was converted from silicate structure to aluminate structure. In
addition, the polymerization degrees of aluminate units and silicate units both
increased, which eventually led to an rapid increase in the viscosity from 0.91
dPa.s to 1.94 dPa.s.
C1 [Shen, Xiang; Chen, Min; Wang, Nan; Wang, Dong] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11
Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd,
Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM chenm@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Nan/HLV-7836-2023; Wang, Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Wang,
Nan/GRY-3150-2022
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51574065, 51574066,
51774073, 51774072]; National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0304201,
2017YFB0304203, 2016YFB0300602]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant numbers 51574065, 51574066, 51774073 and
51774072) and the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant numbers
2017YFB0304201, 2017YFB0304203 and 2016YFB0300602) which has made this
research possible.
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NR 34
TC 46
Z9 48
U1 6
U2 34
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 1
BP 9
EP 15
DI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2018-479
PG 7
GA HJ3KK
UT WOS:000457069600002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, JX
Wen, GH
Huang, T
Bai, BW
Tang, P
Liu, Q
AF Gao, Jinxing
Wen, Guanghua
Huang, Ting
Bai, Binwen
Tang, Ping
Liu, Qiang
TI Effect of Al Speciation on the Structure of High-Al Steels Mold Fluxes
Containing Fluoride
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium silicate; microstructure; spectroscopy; aluminosilicates
ID MQ-MAS NMR; CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; GLASSES;
ALUMINUM; RAMAN; VISCOSITY; MELTS; CAO-AL2O3; KINETICS
AB To design suitable mold fluxes for the casting of high-Al steels, the structure
of mold fluxes based on CaO-SiO2, CaO-SiO2-Al2O3, and CaO-Al2O3 was examined by
Raman spectroscopy and magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. The results
showed that Si atoms are replaced by Al atoms as the network formers with the
increase in Al2O3 in the mold fluxes. This converts the silicate slags (CaO-SiO2
mold fluxes) into aluminosilicates slags (CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 or CaO-Al2O3 mold fluxes).
The F- ions in the mold flux containing Al2O3 are classified into three categories,
according to function: Bridging F's, Nonbridging F's, and Free-F's. The Al3+ ion
holds three distinct coordination environments: IV Al, V Al, and VI Al. The
addition of F affects the coordination environment of Al3+ to form AlO3F and AlO2F2
that accommodate the network structure of slags. The network structure in the CaO-
SiO2 mold fluxes is mainly connected through Si-O-Si linkage. However, the network
structure of the mold fluxes containing elevated content of Al2O3 is mainly
connected through Si-O-Si, Al-OAl, Al-O-Si, and Al-F-Al linkages. Hence, the
structural characteristics of high-Al steels mold fluxes must be considered during
the designing step of the mold fluxes.
C1 [Gao, Jinxing; Wen, Guanghua; Huang, Ting; Bai, Binwen; Tang, Ping; Liu, Qiang]
Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Mech Transmiss, Chongqing
RP Gao, JX (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, State Key
Lab Mech Transmiss, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM gaojinxing163@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51274260, 51574050]
FX The authors would like to greatly appreciate the funding from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 51274260 and
51574050).
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NR 38
TC 46
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 12
BP 3941
EP 3947
DI 10.1111/jace.14444
PG 7
GA EK3RQ
UT WOS:000393844100013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LF
AF Zhang, LF
TI State of the art in the control of inclusions in tire cord steels - a
review
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusions; tire cord steel; steel refining; tundish; synthetic slag
treatment
ID OXIDE INCLUSIONS; TUNDISH; CLEANLINESS; BEHAVIOR; FLOW
AB The control of inclusions in tire cord steels and techniques used in the
production process are extensively reviewed. Inclusion and segregation requirements
for the tire cord steel are discussed. The deformability of an inclusion is
significantly affected by its Al2O3 content. Inclusions containing 20% Al2O3 has
best deformability. The undeformable inclusions can be avoided by controlling the
dissolved aluminum in the steel. Low basicity slags favour the generation of
deformable inclusions. When the basicity R (=CaO/SiO2) = 0.8-1.5, the dissolved
aluminum in the steel should be 1-5ppm to achieve 20% Al2O3 in inclusions. With
R=1.0-1.4, in order to control [Al] in the range of 1-5ppm, the slag should contain
approximately 8% Al2O3. The technologies to control inclusions in tire cord steels
are reviewed including steel deoxidizer choice, steel refining method, slag carry
over from BOF to the ladle, ladle stirring practice, control of nitrogen pickup and
caster curvature. Control methods to decrease the central segregation in the tire
cord steel are briefly reviewed, such as electromagnetic stirring during continuous
casting.
C1 Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
RP Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Alfred Getz Vei 2, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 91
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 29
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD MAR
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 3
BP 158
EP 169
DI 10.1002/srin.200606370
PG 12
GA 037OZ
UT WOS:000237157800003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Olson, RA
Martins, LCB
AF Olson, RA
Martins, LCB
TI Cellular ceramics in metal filtration
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
AB In most molten metal processing operations, the acts of melting, transporting
and alloying the metal in preparation for casting into desired shapes introduces
undesirable non-metallic inclusions to the melt. Molten metals are highly reactive
and tend to interact with gases and refractories during processing steps;
undesirable phases are absorbed either as liquid or solid. Such examples of
inclusion introduction are molten aluminum reacting with oxygen in air to form
solid aluminum oxide, or molten cast iron reacting with oxygen in air to form
liquid slag phases.
C1 SELEE Corp, Hendersonville, NC USA.
RP Olson, RA (corresponding author), SELEE Corp, Hendersonville, NC USA.
CR Aubrey L. S., 1999, 6 AUSTR AS PAC C TMS, P133
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NR 16
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 3
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1438-1656
J9 ADV ENG MATER
JI Adv. Eng. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2005
VL 7
IS 4
BP 187
EP 192
DI 10.1002/adem.200500021
PG 6
GA 935AZ
UT WOS:000229752500005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Boegelein, T
Louvis, E
Dawson, K
Tatlock, GJ
Jones, AR
AF Boegelein, Thomas
Louvis, Eleftherios
Dawson, Karl
Tatlock, Gordon J.
Jones, Andy R.
TI Characterisation of a complex thin walled structure fabricated by
selective laser melting using a ferritic oxide dispersion strengthened
steel
SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxide dispersion strengthened alloys; Rapid prototyping; Additive
manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Transmission electron microscopy
ID BEHAVIOR; POWDER; ALLOY; TEM; ORIENTATION; SUPERALLOYS; PARTICLES;
OXIDATION
AB Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys exhibit superior mechanical and
physical properties due to the presence of nanoscopic Y(Al, Ti) oxide precipitates,
but their manufacturing process is complex. The present study is aimed at further
investigation of the application of an alternative, Additive Manufacturing (AM)
technique, Selective Laser Melting (SLM), to the production of consolidated ODS
alloy components. Mechanically alloyed PM2000 (ODS-FeCrAl) powders have been
consolidated and a fine dispersion of Y-containing precipitates were observed in an
as built thin-walled component, but these particles were typically poly-crystalline
and contained a variety of elements including O, Al, Ti, Cr and Fe. Application of
post-build heat treatments resulted in the modification of particle structures and
compositions; in the annealed condition most precipitates were transformed to
single crystal yttrium aluminium oxides. During the annealing treatment,
precipitate distributions homogenised and localised variations in number density
were diminished. The resulting volume fractions of those precipitates were 25-40%
lower than have been reported in conventionally processed PM2000, which was
attributed to Y-rich slag-like surface features and inclusions formed during SLM.
(C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boegelein, Thomas; Louvis, Eleftherios; Dawson, Karl; Tatlock, Gordon J.;
Jones, Andy R.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Ctr Mat & Struct, Liverpool L69 3G,
Merseyside, England.
[Louvis, Eleftherios] Stryker Orthopaed, Addit Mfg Technol Ctr Excellence, IDA
Business & Technol Pk, Carrigtwohill, Cork, Ireland.
C3 University of Liverpool
RP Boegelein, T (corresponding author), Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Ctr Mat & Struct,
Liverpool L69 3G, Merseyside, England.
EM t.boegelein@liv.ac.uk
OI Dawson, Karl/0000-0003-3249-8328
FU Advanced Research Materials (ARM) Programme; EPSRC [EP/H018921/1];
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H018921/1]
Funding Source: researchfish; EPSRC [EP/H018921/1] Funding Source: UKRI
FX The authors are grateful for financial support of the work through the
Advanced Research Materials (ARM) Programme, U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Fossil Energy managed by U.T.-Battelle, LLC and funding by
EPSRC grant EP/H018921/1 (Materials for Fusion and Fission Power). The
staff at the Nanoinvestigation Centre at Liverpool (NiCaL), led by Dr.
S. Romani, is greatly acknowledged for support and helpful advice. The
hexagon structure was produced in the Manufacturing Science and
Engineering Research Centre at the University of Liverpool, led by Dr.
C.J. Sutcliffe. Members of the group, in particular Dr. J. Singh and Dr.
J. Robinson, gave valuable input.
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NR 53
TC 45
Z9 52
U1 9
U2 158
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 112
BP 30
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2015.11.021
PG 11
Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
GA DD7MR
UT WOS:000370109200004
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shu, QF
AF Shu, Qifeng
TI A Viscosity Estimation Model for Molten Slags in
Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 System
LA English
DT Article
DE viscosity; estimation model; aluminosilicate melts
ID SILICATE MELTS; ALUMINOSILICATE MELTS; STRUCTURAL ROLE; ALUMINUM
AB A model for viscosity estimation of molten slags in the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2
system is presented in this work. The model is an extension to the viscosity
estimation model of molten slags in the CaO-FeO-MgO-MnO-SiO2 system developed
before by the present author. The present model has explicitly taken charge
compensation into consideration. It is postulated that AI exists in a structural
unit MAl2O4 when MO/ Al2O3 > 1 for the Al2O3-MO-SiO2 system (MO=CaO, MgO). MAl2O4
has a similar behaviour as SiO2, i.e. it can form an Al-O-Al network and be
depolymerised by network modifying oxides (CaO, MgO). The present model is applied
in viscosity estimation of some slags within the Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2 system. A mean
deviation of less than 25% is achieved for the present model.
C1 Beijing Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys Chem Met, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing
RP Shu, QF (corresponding author), Beijing Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys Chem Met,
EM Shuqifeng@gmail.com
RI Shu, Qifeng/AGO-3293-2022
OI Shu, Qifeng/0000-0001-5434-3314
FU NSFC [50704002]
FX The financial support froth NSFC (No. 50704002) is gratefully
acknowledged.
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Z9 46
U1 1
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD FEB
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VL 80
IS 2
BP 107
EP 113
DI 10.2374/SRI08SP085
PG 7
GA 424CH
UT WOS:000264542600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU El-Mahallawy, N
Taha, MA
Jarfors, AEW
Fredriksson, H
AF El-Mahallawy, N
Taha, MA
Jarfors, AEW
Fredriksson, H
TI On the reaction between aluminium, K2TiF6 and
KBF4
LA English
DT Article
DE metal matrix composites; Al-based MMC; processing
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; FIBROUS PREFORMS; PURE METAL; INFILTRATION; AL;
ALLOY
AB The reaction between molten Al and KBF4 and K2TiF6 was analysed. Additions of
the two salts separately, consecutively and simultaneously were made at 800 and
1000 degrees C. The phases formed were identified and their morphology
investigated. When adding K2TiF6 emulsification of the salt occurs. Residual salt
containing K, Ti, Al and O was found in addition to slag containing K, Al and O. In
an emulsified region, a new globular morphology of Al3Ti-type was found. No
evidence of emulsification of KBF4 was found. This implies that the two salts react
individually with Al. A new morphology of A1B(2), in the form of thin plates,
formed presumably at the salt/aluminium interface. was also found. (C) 1999
Published by Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Proc, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
Ain Shams Univ, Fac Engn, Cairo, Egypt.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Ain Shams
University
RP Jarfors, AEW (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Proc, S-10044
Stockholm, Sweden.
RI Jarfors, Anders E W/O-4361-2019; Jarfors, Anders E W/C-6679-2009
OI Jarfors, Anders E W/0000-0002-0101-0062;
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NR 24
TC 45
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 21
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD NOV 15
PY 1999
VL 292
IS 1-2
BP 221
EP 229
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00294-7
PG 9
GA 253MD
UT WOS:000083559600035
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huang, XH
Liao, JL
Zheng, K
Hu, HH
Wang, FM
Zhang, ZT
AF Huang, X. H.
Liao, J. L.
Zheng, K.
Hu, H. H.
Wang, F. M.
Zhang, Z. T.
TI Effect of B2O3 addition on viscosity of mould slag
containing low silica content
LA English
DT Article
DE Viscosity; B2O3; Break temperature; FTIR
ID BORATE GLASSES; RAMAN; TRANSFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; SPECTRA; FLUXES; MELTS;
AL; SI
AB The viscosity of SiO2-30Al(2)O(3)-B2O3-12Na(2)O-CaO slag system (CaO/SiO2=2.68-
7.35, B2O3=0-9 wt-%) was investigated in the present study. The objective is to
study the influence of B2O3 on the viscosity and structure of mould slags
containing low silica content. The research of the low silica slag system is
meaningful because of it is less reactive with Al during continuous casting of
steels containing high amounts of dissolved aluminium, such as transformation
induced plasticity assisted steels. The viscosities of these quinternary slags
decreased slightly with an increase in the content of additive B2O3 above the break
temperature. The apparent activation energy of viscous flow was found to decrease
with increasing B2O3 content. The break temperature also decreased with increasing
B2O3 content. Based on the experimental data, the decrease in break temperature per
mol.-% B2O3 Delta T-br is 15.23 K. An empirical model was then established to
predict the break temperature of mould slags containing B2O3, and the deviation is
between 225 and +25 K. Based on the viscosity and Fourier transform infrared
analysis, it is proposed that the three-coordinated boron is dominated in these
slags over the entire compositional range, and the borosilicate networks are
loosened with increasing B2O3 content in the present study. The Riboud model was
modified empirically based on the present experimental data, and the mean deviation
is similar to 13%.
C1 [Huang, X. H.] China Univ Min & Technol, Fac Resources & Safety Engn, Beijing
[Liao, J. L.; Zheng, K.; Zhang, Z. T.] Peking Univ, Beijing Key Lab Solid Waste
Utilizat & Management, Coll Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Liao, J. L.] Aluminum Corp China, Beijing 100082, Peoples R China.
[Hu, H. H.; Wang, F. M.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing
C3 China University of Mining & Technology; Peking University; Aluminum
Corporation of China (CHALCO); University of Science & Technology
Beijing
RP Zhang, ZT (corresponding author), Peking Univ, Beijing Key Lab Solid Waste
Utilizat & Management, Coll Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM zuotaizhang@pku.edu.cn
OI Zhang, Zuotai/0000-0002-3580-6018
FU Common Development Fund of Beijing; National Natural Science Foundation
of China [50902003, 51172003]; National High Technology Research and
Development Program of China (863 Program) [2012AA06A114]; Key Projects
in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program [2011BAB03B02,
2011BAB02B05]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Common
Development Fund of Beijing and the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (grant nos. 50902003 and 51172003). Supports by the National
High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program,
grant no. 2012AA06A114) and Key Projects in the National Science &
Technology Pillar Program (grant nos. 2011BAB03B02 and 2011BAB02B05) are
also acknowledged.
CR CHEN HC, 1989, METALL TRANS A, V20, P437, DOI 10.1007/BF02653923
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NR 27
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 30
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JAN
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 1
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.1179/1743281213Y.0000000107
PG 8
GA AE6OZ
UT WOS:000334114700011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yilmaz, S
Kutmen-Kalpakli, Y
Yilmaz, E
AF Yilmaz, Suat
Kutmen-Kalpakli, Yasemen
Yilmaz, Ersan
TI Synthesis and characterization of boehmitic alumina coated graphite by
sol-gel method
SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sol-gel coating; Alumina; Graphite; TG analysis
ID OXIDATION RESISTANCE
AB Non-wettability property makes graphite a good protecting material against the
molten metal and/or slag. Properties like high oxidation potential between 600 and
1200 degrees C and non-wettability with water at room temperatures limits the usage
of graphite in castable refractory applications. In this study, sol-gel method,
which is a relatively cheaper process, was used. Boehmitic sol was obtained by
hydrolyzing and peptiziting the alkoxide AIP (aluminum isopropoxide) used as
alumina source. Then natural flake graphite was mixed with the boehmitic solution
for coating of graphite. At 120 degrees C boehmitic sol coated graphite was dried
and gelled. Then heat threaded at 550 degrees C for gamma-Al2O3 transformation of
boehmite. Products that obtained from the studies were characterized with FTIR and
XRD tests. Alumina coated graphite samples were made by repeating the same steps
and TG analysis were made to investigate the oxidation behaviour of the samples.
Finally, SEM-EDS analyses were carried out to investigate the microscopic
properties of the alumina coated graphite powders. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd and Techna
Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yilmaz, Suat; Yilmaz, Ersan] Istanbul Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34320
Avcilar, Turkey.
[Kutmen-Kalpakli, Yasemen] Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Davutpasa, Turkey.
C3 Istanbul University; Yildiz Technical University
RP Yilmaz, S (corresponding author), Istanbul Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34320
Avcilar, Turkey.
EM syilmaz@istanbul.edu.tr
RI YILMAZ, Suat/D-4731-2019; YILMAZ, SUAT/HPG-4444-2023; Kalpakli, Yasemen
Kutmen/AAG-5511-2019
OI YILMAZ, Suat/0000-0002-6092-9319; Kalpakli, Yasemen
Kutmen/0000-0002-1300-2289
FU TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey)
[106M318]; Research Fund of Istanbul University [UDP 2391]; METAMIN Inc.
in Istanbul
FX This work was supported by TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological
Research Council of Turkey) with Project Nr.: 106M318, by Research Fund
of Istanbul University with Project Nr.: UDP 2391 and by METAMIN Inc. in
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NR 19
TC 44
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2009
VL 35
IS 5
BP 2029
EP 2034
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2008.11.006
PG 6
GA 452FE
UT WOS:000266524700043
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sheibani, S
Najafabadi, MF
AF Sheibani, S.
Najafabadi, M. Fazel.
TI In situ fabrication of Al-TiC metal matrix composites by reactive slag
process
SO MATERIALS & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID PART I; ALUMINUM; SOLIDIFICATION
AB The possibility of in situ fabrication of Al-TiC composite using reactive slag
process is studied in the present paper. Commercial pure aluminum, cryolite,
titanium oxide and graphite have been used. Aluminum was melted by an induction
furnace and then a mixture of salts powder was added to it. Specimens of aluminum
matrix composites containing various percentages of TiCs were prepared.
Microstructure, mechanical properties and phase analysis of specimens were
examined. Results obtained showed that, in situ fabrication of TiC reinforcement in
aluminum matrix is completely possible. Moreover, in spite of general anticipation
that is about in situ process, the titanium carbide compound is formed in whisker
shape rather than as a particle. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Tehran, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Fac Engn, Tehran, Iran.
C3 University of Tehran
RP Sheibani, S (corresponding author), Univ Tehran, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Fac Engn,
POB 14395-553, Tehran, Iran.
EM Sheibani_s@engmail.ut.ac.ir
RI Sheibani, Saeed/C-5222-2018
OI Sheibani, Saeed/0000-0002-6124-3386
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NR 16
TC 44
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0261-3069
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 8
BP 2373
EP 2378
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.08.004
PG 6
GA 191LF
UT WOS:000248132000014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU WEISS, T
SCHWERDTFEGER, K
AF WEISS, T
SCHWERDTFEGER, K
TI CHEMICAL-EQUILIBRIA BETWEEN SILICON AND SLAG MELTS
LA English
DT Article
AB The equilibria between silicon and slags of the systems CaO-SiO2, Na2O-SiO2, and
CaO-SiO2-Y with Y being Al2O3, MgO, TiO(x), B2O3, and Na2O have been investigated
in silica crucibles. The calcium content under silica-saturated CaO-SiO2 slag is
262 parts per million (ppm) at 1500-degrees-C. The aluminum and magnesium contents
increase with increasing alumina or magnesium oxide contents, respectively,
reaching about 1800 ppm Al at silica/mullite or about 390 ppm Mg at
silica/protoenstatite saturation. Boron has a distribution ratio [B]/(B2O3) of
0.18. The sodium content under silica-saturated Na2O-SiO2 slag is 25 ppm at 1500-
degrees-C. In contrast, the titanium content of the silicon, if Y is TiO(x) and
(Ti) is in the percent range, is high and varies with the titanium content of the
slag according to [wt pct Ti] = 2.7 square-root (wt pct Ti). In other experiments.
it is shown that metallurgical grade (MG) silicon can be purified from aluminum,
magnesium, and calcium by treatment with suitable silicate slags.
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NR 11
TC 43
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD AUG
PY 1994
VL 25
IS 4
BP 497
EP 504
DI 10.1007/BF02650071
PG 8
Engineering
GA PA275
UT WOS:A1994PA27500004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rivera, RM
Xakalashe, B
Ounoughene, G
Binnemans, K
Friedrich, B
Van Gerven, T
AF Rivera, Rodolfo Marin
Xakalashe, Buhle
Ounoughene, Ghania
Binnemans, Koen
Friedrich, Bernd
Van Gerven, Tom
TI Selective rare earth element extraction using high-pressure acid
leaching of slags arising from the smelting of bauxite residue
SO HYDROMETALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE High-pressure acid leaching; Bauxite residue; Rare earths; Red mud;
Slag; Smelting
ID RED MUD; VALUABLE METALS; RECOVERY; SILICA; IRON; TEMPERATURE; KINETICS;
SCANDIUM; ALUMINUM; OPTIMIZATION
AB During acid leaching of bauxite residue (red mud), the increase in dissolution
of rare-earth elements (REEs) is associated with a substantial co-dissolution of
iron; this poses problems in the downstream processing (i.e. solvent extraction or
ion exchange). Six different slags generated by reductive smelting of the same
bauxite residue sample were treated by high-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) with HCl
and H2SO4 to selectively extract REEs. Thus, up to 90 wt% of scandium was extracted
from the slags using H2SO4 at 150 degrees C, while with HCl the extraction of
scandium reached up to 80 wt% at 120 degrees C. The extraction of yttrium,
lanthanum and neodymium was above 95 wt% when HCl was used as a reagent, but it was
much lower ( < 20 wt%) with H2SO4, presumably due to the formation of a double
sulfate (NaLn(SO4)(2).nH(2O)) and/or due to the adsorption on the surface of
silicon/aluminium-oxides compounds. In addition, HPAL of bauxite residue slags led
to a significant co-dissolution of aluminium ( > 90 wt%, 18 g L-1), while the
concentration of the remaining iron ( > 60 wt%) was of 3 g L-1 in the leachate. The
co-dissolution of silicon and titanium was lower than 5 wt%.
C1 [Rivera, Rodolfo Marin; Ounoughene, Ghania; Van Gerven, Tom] Katholieke Univ
Leuven, Dept Chem Engn, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
[Xakalashe, Buhle; Friedrich, Bernd] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Proc Met &
Met Recycling, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Binnemans, Koen] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Chem, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-
3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
C3 KU Leuven; RWTH Aachen University; KU Leuven
RP Van Gerven, T (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Chem Engn,
Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
EM tom.vangerven@kuleuven.be
RI Van Gerven, Tom/B-5806-2015; Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7029-2021; Rivera,
Rodolfo Marin/AAF-8783-2019; Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7005-2021; Binnemans,
Koen/O-3242-2013
OI Van Gerven, Tom/0000-0003-2051-5696; Friedrich,
Bernd/0000-0002-2934-2034; Rivera, Rodolfo Marin/0000-0002-0169-2032;
Binnemans, Koen/0000-0003-4768-3606
FU European Community [636876]
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Community's Horizon 2020 Programme (H2020/2014-2019) under
Grant Agreement No. 636876 (MSCA- ETN REDMUD). This publication reflects
only the authors' view, exempting the Community from any liability.
Project website: http://www.etn.redmud.org. The authors thank Aluminium
of Greece for providing the bauxite residue sample.
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NR 65
TC 42
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 64
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-386X
EI 1879-1158
J9 HYDROMETALLURGY
JI Hydrometallurgy
PD MAR
PY 2019
VL 184
BP 162
EP 174
DI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.01.005
PG 13
GA HP1EM
UT WOS:000461408200019
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kiventera, J
Perumal, P
Yliniemi, J
Illikainen, M
AF Kiventera, Jenni
Perumal, Priyadharshini
Yliniemi, Juho
Illikainen, Mirja
TI Mine tailings as a raw material in alkali activation: A review
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE mine tailings; alkali activation; thermal treatment; mechanical
activation; alkaline fusion; heavy metal immobilization
ID IMMOBILIZE TOXIC METALS; GOLD MINE; FLY-ASH; GEOPOLYMERIC MATERIALS;
THERMAL-STABILITY; POTENTIAL USE; FUSION METHOD; WASTE; STRENGTH; SLAG
AB The mining industry produces billions of tons of mine tailings annually.
However, because of their lack of economic value, most of the tailings are
discarded near the mining sites, typically under water. The primary environmental
concerns of mine tailings are related to their heavy metal and sulfidic mineral
content. Oxidation of sulfidic minerals can produce acid mine drainage that leaches
heavy metals into the surrounding water. The management of tailing dams requires
expensive construction and careful control, and there is the need for stable,
sustainable, and economically viable management technologies. Alkali activation as
a solidification/stabilization technology offers an attractive way to deal with
mine tailings. Alkali activated materials are hardened, concrete-like structures
that can be formed from raw materials that are rich in aluminum and silicon, which
fortunately, are the main elements in mining residues. Furthermore, alkali
activation can immobilize harmful heavy metals within the structure. This review
describes the research on alkali activated mine tailings. The reactivity and
chemistry of different minerals are discussed. Since many mine tailings are poorly
reactive under alkaline conditions, different pretreatment methods and their
effects on the mineralogy are reviewed. Possible applications for these materials
are also discussed.
C1 [Kiventera, Jenni; Perumal, Priyadharshini; Yliniemi, Juho; Illikainen, Mirja]
Univ Oulu, Fibre & Particle Engn Res Unit, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, Oulu 90014,
Finland.
C3 University of Oulu
RP Kiventera, J (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Fibre & Particle Engn Res Unit,
Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, Oulu 90014, Finland.
EM jenni.kiventera@oulu.fi
RI P, Priyadharshini/P-7995-2018
OI P, Priyadharshini/0000-0002-7731-2016; Illikainen,
Mirja/0000-0001-7545-4574; Yliniemi, Juho/0000-0003-0013-8598
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NR 67
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 18
U2 99
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
J9 INT J MIN MET MATER
JI Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2020
VL 27
IS 8
BP 1009
EP 1020
DI 10.1007/s12613-020-2129-6
PG 12
Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining &
Mineral Processing
GA NC0VH
UT WOS:000560929800002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Yu, B
Wang, GX
Fan, HL
Wang, T
Guo, MX
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Yu, Bing
Wang, Guixiu
Fan, Hongli
Wang, Tao
Guo, Mingxi
Fang, Yitian
TI Investigation on improve ash fusion temperature (AFT) of low-AFT coal by
biomass addition
LA English
DT Article
DE Low AFT SM coal; Biomass; Effects; AFT variation; Mineral transformation
ID FLUIDIZED-BED GASIFICATION; FUSIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS; RICE HUSK;
TORREFIED BIOMASS; ALUMINUM COAL; FLOW BEHAVIOR; VISCOSITY; SLAG;
COMBUSTION; PREDICTION
AB The co-gasification of coal and biomass is of importance for coal clean
conversion and biomass utilization on a large scale. To investigate the effecting
behaviors of biomass on ash fusion characteristics of low ash-fusiontemperature
(AFT) coal, the ash chemical properties of three materials (Shenmu coal (SM),
chestnut shell (CS), and rice husk (RH)), the variations in SM mixed AFT with
increasing CS or RH mass ratio and their mechanisms were explored through silicate-
network structure theory, X-ray powder diffractometry, and FactSage software. The
formations of anorthite, gehlenite and their eutectics caused SM with low AFT. An
increased CS mass ratio led to the increasing contents of high melting-point (MP)
kalsilite, lime and magnesia and the decreasing contents of low MP nepheline,
olivine, and gehlenite, this made SM mixed AFTs increased gradually. Increasing
high MP tridymite content led to SM mixed AFT mostly increased with increasing RH
mass ratio. The temperature that all minerals changed into liquid phase based on
FactSage calculation could reflect the AFT variation of samples.
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Wang, Guixiu; Fan, Hongli; Wang, Tao; Guo, Mingxi] Heze Univ, Sch
Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Yu, Bing] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo
454003, Henan, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Fang, Yitian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State Key Lab Coal
Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
C3 Heze University; Henan Polytechnic University; Chinese Academy of
Sciences; Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS
RP Li, FH; Wang, T (corresponding author), Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze
274015, Shandong, Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com; quser@qq.com
RI LI, feng/HIR-1703-2022; guo, mingxi/ABB-3916-2020
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [21875059]; Natural Science
Foundation of Shandong Province, China [ZR2018MB037, ZR2017BB063,
ZR2015BL014, ZR2014BM014]
FX This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of
China (21875059), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong
Province, China (ZR2018MB037, ZR2017BB063, ZR2015BL014, and
ZR2014BM014).
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NR 56
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 48
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0378-3820
EI 1873-7188
PD AUG
PY 2019
VL 191
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.03.005
PG 9
GA IA9VI
UT WOS:000469904600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shin, JH
Park, JH
AF Shin, Jae Hong
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Modification of Inclusions in Molten Steel by Mg-Ca Transfer from Top
Slag: Experimental Confirmation of the 'Refractory-Slag-Metal-Inclusion
(ReSMI)' Multiphase Reaction Model
LA English
DT Article
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; FORMATION MECHANISM; CALCIUM TREATMENT; SPINEL;
EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM; SULFUR
AB High-temperature experiments and Refractory-Slag-Metal-Inclusion (ReSMI)
multiphase reaction simulations were carried out to determine the effect of the
ladle slag composition on the formation behavior of non-metallic inclusions in
molten steel. Immediately after the slag-metal reaction, magnesium migrated to the
molten steel and a MgAl2O4 spinel inclusion was formed due to a reaction between
magnesium and alumina inclusions. However, the spinel inclusion changed entirely
into a liquid oxide inclusion via the transfer of calcium from slag to metal in the
final stage of the reaction. Calcium transfer from slag to metal was more enhanced
for lower SiO2 content in the slag. Consequently, the spinel inclusion was modified
to form a liquid CaO-Al2O3-MgO-SiO2 inclusion, which is harmless under steelmaking
conditions. The modification reaction was more efficient as the SiO2 content in the
slag decreases.
C1 [Shin, Jae Hong; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
C3 Hanyang University
RP Shin, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
OI Shin, JaeHong/0000-0001-7737-4375
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0136(95)01974-J
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Jiang M, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P2573, DOI 10.1007/s11663-015-0438-3
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0136(95)02002-4
Xu G, 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V47, P2411, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0695-9
NR 29
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 2
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 6
BP 2820
EP 2825
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-1080-z
PG 6
Engineering
GA FN2FJ
UT WOS:000415806100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Harada, A
Maruoka, N
Shibata, H
Kitamura, S
AF Harada, Akifumi
Maruoka, Nobuhiro
Shibata, Hiroyuki
Kitamura, Shin-ya
TI A Kinetic Model to Predict the Compositions of Metal, Slag and
Inclusions during Ladle Refining: Part2. Condition to Control the
Inclusion Composition
LA English
DT Article
DE ladle metallurgy; kinetic simulation; inclusion; spinel; slag; Ca
treatment
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; FE-NI; MAGNESIUM; ALUMINUM
AB A kinetic model to simulate the reactions in a ladle furnace was developed in
the previous paper. The following parameters were considered in this model; (1)
ratio of the entrapment of slag in the molten steel, (2) ratio of the floatation of
the deoxidation products and inclusions originating from the slag, (3) ratio of the
agglomeration of deoxidation products with inclusions originating from the slag and
(4) ratio of the volume of the bulk zone to the total volume of molten steel and
that of slag phase. These parameters were optimized using sensitivity calculation
by comparison with operational results as the parameters affected the amount and
composition of inclusions.
Then, the method to suppress the formation of MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel-type
inclusion was discussed using the optimized parameters. The calculated results
showed that the formation of MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel-type inclusion could be
suppressed by optimizing the additional amount of Al, initial content of MgO in the
slag, and slag basicity in addition to the Ca treatment. The changes in the
inclusions calculated using the kinetic model were in good agreement with those
predicted by the phase stability diagram. The developed model was useful for
optimizing the operation of a ladle furnace.
C1 [Harada, Akifumi] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Met, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi
9808577, Japan.
[Maruoka, Nobuhiro; Shibata, Hiroyuki; Kitamura, Shin-ya] Tohoku Univ, Inst
Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
C3 Tohoku University; Tohoku University
RP Harada, A (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Met, Aoba Ku,
2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
EM a.harada@mail.tagen.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Shibata, Hiroyuki/ACO-3534-2022; Kitamura, Shin-ya/AAY-6813-2020;
Maruoka, Nobuhiro N/E-1421-2015
OI Maruoka, Nobuhiro N/0000-0002-7164-9080; Shibata,
Hiroyuki/0000-0002-9965-7285
FU Research Grant of the 19th Committee of Steelmaking; Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science; ISIJ Research Promotion Grant of Iron and
Steel Institute of Japan
FX The authors appreciate the financial support of the Research Grant of
the 19th Committee of Steelmaking, the Japan Society for the Promotion
of Science, and the ISIJ Research Promotion Grant of Iron and Steel
Institute of Japan.
Graham K.-J., 2010, P INT S HIGHL INN NO
Harada A., ISIJ INT IN PRESS
NR 12
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 19
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 12
BP 2118
EP 2125
PG 8
GA 278ZI
UT WOS:000328928000013
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, PC
Ning, XJ
AF Li Pengcheng
Ning Xiaojun
TI Effects of MgO/Al2O3 Ratio and Basicity on the
Viscosities of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3
Slags: Experiments and Modeling
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; AMPHOTERIC BEHAVIOR; VISCOUS-FLOW; MELTS; BINARY;
ALUMINUM; GLASSES; ALKALI; ENERGY; CAO
AB The effects of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio and basicity on the viscosities of CaO-MgO-
SiO2-Al2O3 slags were investigated at 1733 K, 1773 K, and 1823 K (1460 A degrees C,
1500 A degrees C, and 1550 A degrees C) in this study. At a fixed Al2O3 of 15 and
18 mass pct, increasing the basicity from 1 to 1.2 resulted in lowering the
viscosity of slags. At a fixed basicity of 1.0 and 1.2, increasing the MgO from 0
to 15 mass pct decreased the viscosity of slags. The Fourier transform-infrared
spectra analysis of the slag structure was made to discuss the depolymerization
roles of MgO and basicity. Considering the different depolymerization effects of
basic oxides upon the silicate/aluminate network structure as suggested by FT-IT
analysis, a fresh model for predicting the viscosity of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags
was constructed. A total of 209 viscosity measurements with large compositional
variations showed satisfactory agreement with the results calculated by the present
model. With the aid of the current model, the co-effects of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio and
basicity on the viscosities of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags (15 to 20 mass pct Al2O3)
were investigated.
C1 [Li Pengcheng; Ning Xiaojun] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
RP Li, PC (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM pchlee@outlook.com
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NR 42
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 42
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1
BP 446
EP 457
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0470-3
PG 12
Engineering
GA DB7JX
UT WOS:000368692300041
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Q
Qiu, ST
Zhao, P
AF Wang, Qiang
Qiu, Shengtao
Zhao, Pei
TI Kinetic Analysis of Alumina Change in Mold Slag for High Aluminum Steel
during Continuous Casting
LA English
DT Article
AB A kinetic calculation model considering both a molten slag reaction with molten
steel and an Al2O3 inclusion absorption in molten slag was developed to estimate
the change in Al2O3 in molten slag during the continuous casting of high aluminum
steel. Practical casting experiments of high aluminum steel were conducted to
investigate the change in composition in the molten slag and to validate the
proposed model. The calculated results show that the Al2O3 concentration in the
molten slag increases quickly during the initial stage and gradually approaches a
steady-state value after 900 seconds of casting, which agrees well with the
experiment outcome. The change in Al2O3 in molten slag is mainly affected by the
initial Al2O3 concentration w (0) of the mold powder, reaction equilibrium
concentration of Al2O3 w* at the slag-steel interface, mass transfer coefficient
beta in molten slag, Al2O3 inclusion concentration w (M) , and absorption
coefficient beta in molten steel during continuous casting of high aluminum steel.
The experiment result shows that the concentration of Al2O3 in molten slag
increases significantly and that SiO2 decreases strongly, while the other
components in the molten slag can be negligible comparatively. Mold slag properties
at 0, 5, and 45 minutes change greatly, which can deteriorate the performance of
the mold slag.
C1 [Wang, Qiang; Qiu, Shengtao; Zhao, Pei] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn
Res Ctr Continuous Casting Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
C3 Central Iron & Steel Research Institute
RP Wang, Q (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn Res Ctr
Continuous Casting Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM wangqiang9901@163.com
FU Special Steel Plant of Baosteel; Research Institute of Baosteel
FX The authors thank the Special Steel Plant of Baosteel and the Research
Institute of Baosteel for financial and technical support.
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Xiong Y., 2010, SHANGHAI METALS, V18, P20
NR 18
TC 40
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD APR
PY 2012
VL 43
IS 2
BP 424
EP 430
DI 10.1007/s11663-011-9600-8
PG 7
Engineering
GA 912ET
UT WOS:000301778200022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, KP
Jiang, M
Wang, XH
Wang, Y
Zhao, HQ
Cao, ZM
AF Wang, Kunpeng
Jiang, Min
Wang, Xinhua
Wang, Ying
Zhao, Haoqian
Cao, Zhanmin
TI Formation Mechanism of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(MgO) Inclusions in
Si-Mn-Killed Steel with Limited Aluminum Content During the Low Basicity
Slag Refining
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM
AB Pilot trails were carried out to study the formation mechanism of CaO-SiO2-
Al2O3-(MgO) inclusions in tire cord steel. 48 samples were taken from 8 heats of
liquid steel during secondary refining, which were subsequently examined by an
automatic scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-
EDS). Characteristics of thousands of oxide inclusions at different refining stages
were obtained, including their compositions, sizes, morphologies, etc. Based on the
obtained information of inclusions, details during formation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-
(MgO) inclusions were revealed and a new mechanism was proposed, including their
origin, formation, and evolution during the refining process. It was found that
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(MgO) inclusions were initially originated from the CaO-SiO2-MnO-
(MgO) inclusions, which were formed during BOF tapping by the coalescence between
MnO-SiO2 deoxidation products and the emulsified slag particles because of violent
flow of steel. This can be well confirmed by the evaluation of the formation
thermodynamics of CaO-SiO2-MnO-(MgO) inclusions, which was proved very difficult to
be produced by intrinsic reactions inside liquid steel. Because of chemical
reactions between CaO-SiO2-MnO-(MgO) inclusions and molten steel, they were mainly
changed into CaO-SiO2-MnO-Al2O3-(MgO) and partially into CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(MgO),
which may be detrimental to the cold drawing ability of coils. Based on this
finding, improvements were made in industrial production during BOF tapping and
secondary refining. The results indicated that such (CaO-SiO2)-based inclusions
existed in conventional process were effectively decreased after the improvements.
C1 [Wang, Kunpeng; Jiang, Min; Wang, Xinhua; Cao, Zhanmin] Univ Sci & Technol
Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Ying; Zhao, Haoqian] Xingtai Iron & Steel Corp Ltd, Xingtai 054027,
Hebei, Peoples R China.
EM jiangmin@ustb.edu.cn
RI Wang, Xinhua/ISR-8520-2023; Wang, Xiaoqiang/IQS-3727-2023; Wang,
Xin/HZL-4695-2023; Cao, Zhanmin/M-1575-2016; Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023;
Wang, Xin/GYU-1129-2022; Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021
OI Cao, Zhanmin/0000-0001-7682-5250; Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376; Wang,
Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376
FU Xingtai Iron and Steel Corp., Ltd.
FX Sincere gratitude and appreciation should be expressed by the authors to
Xingtai Iron and Steel Corp., Ltd. for supporting of the research and
great help during industrial samplings.
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NR 23
TC 39
Z9 46
U1 2
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1
BP 282
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0502-z
PG 9
Engineering
GA DB7JX
UT WOS:000368692300029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mongalo, L
Lopis, AS
Venter, GA
AF Mongalo, Lehlohonolo
Lopis, Anton S.
Venter, Gerhard A.
TI Molecular dynamics simulations of the structural properties and
electrical conductivities of
CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 melts
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminosilicate; Molecular dynamics; Structural properties; Diffusion;
Electrical conductivity
ID CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; 1500 DEGREES-C; MQ-MAS NMR; AL-O-AL;
SILICATE LIQUIDS; SELF-DIFFUSION; IONIC LIQUIDS; ALUMINUM; SPECTROSCOPY;
TEMPERATURE
AB The structural properties and electrical conductivities of nine CaO-MgO-Al2O3-
SiO2 slags with compositions in the peralkaline region have been calculated using
molecular dynamics simulations. The proportion of nonbridging oxygen (NBO) and
bridging oxygen (BO) atoms were determined from simulation and shown to be in
reasonable agreement with theoretical prediction. Bridging oxygen atoms were
classified into Si-O-Si, Si-O-Al or Al-O-Al linkages and the results used to
establish whether the Al avoidance principle is applicable. The number of bridging
oxygens coordinated to tetrahedral [SiO4](4-) and [AlO4](5-) units, namely the Q(n)
distribution, was determined. Although a good comparison to the theoretical average
Q was found at low basicity, at higher basicity greater deviation was seen.
Electrical conductivities, taking cross-correlations into account, were in
excellent agreement with experimentally measured values, although Nernst-Einstein
conductivities, estimated from self-diffusion coefficients alone, showed large
deviations. Molecular dynamics simulations are therefore able to reliably predict
conductivity, but values calculated indirectly, i.e. using the Nemst-Einstein
relationship, should be used with care. At low basicity theoretical predictions of
structural disorder, based on Zachariasen's Random Network Model, are in reasonable
agreement with simulation, but this agreement worsens as the proportion of network
modifying cations increases. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mongalo, Lehlohonolo; Venter, Gerhard A.] Univ Cape Town, Sci Comp Res Unit,
ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Mongalo, Lehlohonolo; Venter, Gerhard A.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Chem, ZA-7701
Cape Town, South Africa.
[Lopis, Anton S.] CSIR, Ctr High Performance Comp, 15 Lower Hope St, ZA-7700
Cape Town, South Africa.
C3 University of Cape Town; University of Cape Town; Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research (CSIR) - South Africa
RP Venter, GA (corresponding author), Univ Cape Town, Sci Comp Res Unit, ZA-7701
Cape Town, South Africa.; Venter, GA (corresponding author), Univ Cape Town, Dept
Chem, ZA-7701 Cape Town, South Africa.
EM gerhard.venter@uct.ac.za
RI Venter, Gerhard/GQI-1207-2022; Lopis, Anton/GVU-5441-2022
OI Venter, Gerhard/0000-0003-3993-1198;
FU National Research Foundation (NRF) [IFR1203100525]; DST-NRF Professional
Development Program (PDP) scholarship
FX We would like to thank the Center for High Performance Computing (CHPC)
for computational resources and Quinn Reynolds for his comments on the
manuscript. This work is based on research supported by the National
Research Foundation (NRF) (grant no. IFR1203100525) and funded through a
DST-NRF Professional Development Program (PDP) scholarship awarded to LM
and hosted by Mintek. Any opinion, findings and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
therefore the NRF does not accept any liability in regard thereto.
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NR 47
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 10
U2 88
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0022-3093
EI 1873-4812
PD NOV 15
PY 2016
VL 452
BP 194
EP 202
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.08.042
PG 9
GA EC3TY
UT WOS:000388050800029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, W
Chen, WQ
Yang, YD
Lippold, C
Mclean, A
AF Yan, Wei
Chen, Weiqing
Yang, Yindong
Lippold, Carsten
Mclean, Alex
TI Effect of Slag Compositions and Additive on Heat Transfer and
Crystallization of Mold Fluxes for High-Al Non-magnetic Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high-Al steel; heat transfer; crystallization; SHTT; CCT; TTT
ID MEDIUM-CARBON STEELS; HOT THERMOCOUPLE TECHNIQUE; TRANSFER BEHAVIOR;
MECHANISM; VISCOSITY; POWDER; ALLOY; B2O3; NA2O; FILM
AB Intense reaction between silica in mold fluxes and aluminium in liquid steel
during casting of high-Al non-magnetic steel 20Mn23AlV (1.5-2.5 Al in mass percent)
would significantly alter both chemical compositions and properties of mold fluxes.
This would subsequently lead to severe casting problems such as lots of slag rims,
breakout and poor surface quality. Investigation carried out in this paper started
with plant sampling, followed by a look at how the variation of Al2O3/SiO2 ratio
with reaction time can affect the casting process and product quality. Thus, this
work focuses on the study of increasing Al2O3/SiO2 and partial substitution of CaO
with BaO in CaO-SiO2 system mold fluxes in terms of heat transfer and
crystallization behavior. The techniques implemented are heat flux simulator and
single hot thermocouple technique (SHTT). The results showed that an increase in
Al2O3/SiO2 inhibits heat transfer, increases crystallization temperature and
critical cooling rate while shortens incubation time, additionally, accelerates
precipitation of phase with high melting temperature. However, greater substitution
of CaO with BaO accelerates heat transfer, reduces crystallization temperature and
critical cooling rate at the cost of longer incubation time even at elevated
Al2O3/SiO2. Eventually, partial substitution of CaO with BaO, to some extent,
counteracts the effect of increasing Al2O3/SiO2 on heat transfer and
crystallization properties of mold fluxes for casting of high-Al steels.
C1 [Yan, Wei; Chen, Weiqing] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
[Yan, Wei; Yang, Yindong; Mclean, Alex] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
[Lippold, Carsten] Qingdao Stollberg & Samil Co Ltd, Qingdao 266300, Peoples R
China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Toronto
RP Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM yanweimetal@gmail.com
RI chen, weiqing/G-3874-2011
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NR 36
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 19
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2015
VL 55
IS 5
BP 1000
EP 1009
PG 10
GA CI8YV
UT WOS:000355058500013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Piatak, NM
Seal, RR
AF Piatak, Nadine M.
Seal, Robert R., II
TI Mineralogy and environmental geochemistry of historical iron slag,
Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site, Pennsylvania, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRACE-ELEMENTS; BASE-METAL; STABILITY; PYROXENE; RELEASE; SMELTER;
OXYGEN
AB The Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site in southeastern Pennsylvania, which
features an Fe smelter that was operational in the 18th and 19th centuries, is
dominated by three slag piles. Pile 1 slag, from the Hopewell Furnace, and pile 2
slag, likely from the nearby Cornwall Furnace, were both produced in cold-blast
charcoal-fired smelters. In contrast, pile 3 slag was produced in an anthracite
furnace. Ore samples from the nearby Jones and Hopewell mines that fed the smelter
are mainly magnetite-rich with some sulfides (pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite) and
accessory silicates (quartz, garnet, feldspar, and clay minerals). Slag piles 1 and
2 are similar mineralogically containing predominantly skeletal and dendritic
aluminian diopside and augite, skeletal forsteritic olivine, glass, rounded blebs
of metallic Fe, and exotic quartz. Olivine is a major phase in all samples from
pile 2, whereas it occurs in only a few samples from pile 1. Samples of the <2 mm-
size fraction of surface composite slag material or crushed slag from at depth in
piles 1 and 2 are mineralogically similar to the large surface slag fragments from
those piles with the addition of phases such as feldspars, Fe oxides, and clay
minerals that are either secondary weathering products or entrained from the
underlying bedrock. Pile 3 slag contains mostly skeletal forsteritic olivine and
Ti-bearing aluminian diopside, dendritic or fine-grained subhedral melilite, glass,
euhedral spinel, metallic Fe, alabandite-oldhamite solid solution, as well as a
sparse Ti carbonitride phase. The bulk chemistry of the slag is dominated by Al2O3
(8.5-16.2 wt.%), CaO (8.2-26.2 wt.%), MgO (4.2-24.7 wt.%), and SiO2 (36.4-59.8 wt.
%), constituting between 81% and 97% of the mass of the samples. Piles 1 and 2 are
chemically similar; pile 1 slag overall contains the highest Fe2O3, K2O and MnO,
and the lowest MgO concentrations. Pile 3 slag is high in Al2O3, CaO and S, and low
in Fe2O3, K2O and SiO2 compared to the other piles. In general, piles 1 and 2 are
chemically similar to each other, whereas pile 3 is distinct a conclusion that
reflects their mineralogy. The similarities and differences among piles in terms of
mineralogy and major element chemistry result from the different smelting
conditions under which the slag formed and include the fuel source, the composition
of the ore and flux, the type of blast (cold versus hot), which affects the furnace
temperature, and other beneficiation methods.
The three distinct slag piles at Hopewell are enriched in numerous trace
elements, such as As (up to 12 mg/kg), Cd (up to 0.4 mg/kg), Co (up to 31.8 mg/kg),
Cu (up to 647 mg/kg), Mn (up to 0.69 wt.%), Pb (up to 172 mg/kg) and Zn (up to 393
mg/kg), together with Fe (13.9 wt.%), when compared to the average for the
continental crust, with the <2 mm-size fraction commonly containing the highest
concentrations. Enrichments in various elements (e.g., Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Zn) were
also found in the ore samples. Despite these enrichments, comparison of bulk
chemistry trace-element concentrations to the environmental guidelines suggests
most elements are likely not problematic with the exception of As, Co, Fe and Mn.
Leachate tests that simulate weathering indicate Fe (up to 973 mu g/L) and Mn (up
to 133 mu g/L) are readily released in potentially harmful concentrations compared
to secondary drinking water and some aquatic ecosystem toxicity criteria. Aluminum
and Cu, although not high in the solid compared to environmental guidelines, also
exceed relevant criteria in leachate extracts with maximum concentrations of 2700
mu g/L and 17.7 mu g/L, respectively. In contrast, As and Co, which are significant
in the solids, are not leached in concentrations that exceed guidelines (i.e., 3 mu
g/L or less for both elements). The weathering rates of the Fe metal and Fe oxides,
which host Cu and some Fe, are likely higher than the silicate glass, which hosts
the majority of Al, Mn and some Fe, and the crystalline silicates and spinels
affecting which elements and how much are released into the environment and
surrounding aquatic ecosystem. The mineral assemblages and their chemical
composition, the bulk sample chemistry, and leachability of trace elements are all
important components in understanding the potential environmental impacts of the
slag piles. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Piatak, Nadine M.; Seal, Robert R., II] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
C3 United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological
Survey
RP Piatak, NM (corresponding author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,
Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM npiatak@usgs.gov
FU NPS/USGS
FX The authors would like to thank Ronald Sloto, Arthur Lilienthal, Jane M.
Hammarstrom, all of the USGS, and Denise M. Levitan, of Virginia Tech
for their assistance in sample collection. Gregory Kolous of Kutztown
University provided the Jones ore samples. We would also like to thanks
the NPS/USGS Water Quality Partnership Program for partially funding the
work. Harvey Belkin of the USGS provided guidance on the SEM and
electron microprobe operations. Ronald Sloto (USGS) and Matthew
Kierstead (PAL Inc.) both provided insight into historical aspects of
the site. The manuscript benefited from reviews by Avery Drake (USGS),
Kathy Rankin (USGS), Ruth Schulte (USGS), Ronald Sloto (USGS), Vojtech
Ettler (Charles University), and an anonymous referee. The use of trade,
product, industry, or firm names in this paper is for descriptive
purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the US Government.
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PD MAR
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 3
BP 623
EP 643
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.12.011
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 894CA
UT WOS:000300403400009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tripathi, NN
Nzotta, M
Sandberg, A
Sichen, D
AF Tripathi, NN
Nzotta, M
Sandberg, A
Sichen, D
TI Effect of ladle age on formation of nonmetallic inclusions in ladle
treatment
LA English
DT Article
DE steels; tool steels; ladle metallurgy; inclusions
ID NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS; DEOXIDATION; STEEL; ALUMINUM; SILICON; SI; AL
AB An experimental study was carried out at Uddeholm Tooling, Hagfors, Sweden to
examine the impact of ladle glaze on the formation of non-metallic inclusions
during the ladle treatment process. Steel samples were taken at various stages of
the process and from ladles of different ages. Inclusion numbers were counted under
an optical microscope. It was found that the total number of inclusions increased
with the ladle age before deoxidation and at the end of the ladle treatment. The
increase was substantial after the ladle had been used more than 18 times.
Inclusions having the smallest sizes were found to make a large contribution to
this increase. This observation was further confirmed by the difference between
total oxygen content and dissolved oxygen content in the steel samples, which also
showed an increase with ladle age. Analysis by SEM-EDX revealed two types of
inclusions before casting, namely, inclusions consisting only of an oxide solution
having a composition very close to 3CaO.Al2O3, and inclusions consisting of the
same oxide solution as well as MgO phase. This finding was in accordance with the
reported result that both 3CaO.Al2O3 and MgO were present in the slag infiltrated
layer of the ladle glaze. It was concluded that ladle glaze is the foremost source
of non-metallic inclusions in tool steel during ladle treatment.
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Div Met, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
Uddeholm Tooling AB, SE-68385 Hagfors, Sweden.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology
RP Sichen, D (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Div Met, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM du@mse.kth.se
RI sandberg, ann-sofie/B-6857-2016
OI sandberg, ann-sofie/0000-0002-9681-3342
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NR 30
TC 38
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 24
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JUN
PY 2004
VL 31
IS 3
BP 235
EP 240
DI 10.1179/030192304225011025
PG 6
GA 846RX
UT WOS:000223335000008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Andersson, MAT
Jonsson, LTI
Jonsson, PG
AF Andersson, MAT
Jonsson, LTI
Jonsson, PG
TI A thermodynamic and kinetic model of reoxidation and desulphurisation in
the ladle furnace
LA English
DT Article
DE ladle treatment; vacuum; reoxidation; desulphurisation; kinetics;
thermodynamics; fluid flow; CFD; model simulation
ID GAS-STIRRED LADLE; SLAGS
AB A thermodynamic and kinetic model of reoxidation and desulphurisation in the
ladle furnace has been developed by using a two-dimensional fluid-flow model
combined with equations expressing the thermodynamics of reoxidation and
desulphurisation. More specifically ladle vacuum treatment of a gas-stirred ladle
has been simulated. In order to describe the activities of the oxide components of
the slag, expressions by Ohta and Suito(1)) were adopted. The thermodynamic model
describes the slag/metal equilibria between Al, Si, O, Mn and S in the molten steel
and Al2O3, SiO2, FeO, MnO and S in the slag. A fluid dynamic model that considers
the slag, steel and argon phases derives the kinetics. Results from an isothermal
calculation have been heuristically compared with industrial plant data and they
show good agreement. The model results have also revealed that the reduction of
silica plays a part in aluminium loss during ladle treatment.
C1 KTH, Div Met, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Andersson, MAT (corresponding author), KTH, Div Met, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
CR Andersson MAT, 1999, ISIJ INT, V39, P1140, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.39.1140
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NR 20
TC 38
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 16
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2000
VL 40
IS 11
BP 1080
EP 1088
PG 9
GA 374PB
UT WOS:000165352600005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xuan, DX
Tang, P
Poon, CS
AF Xuan, Dongxing
Tang, Pei
Poon, Chi Sun
TI Effect of casting methods and SCMs on properties of mortars prepared
with fine MSW incineration bottom ash
LA English
DT Article
DE Fine incineration bottom ash; Metallic aluminium; Glass; ASR expansion;
SCMs; Casting methods
ID WASTE; AGGREGATE; ENERGY; PERFORMANCE; RESIDUES; CONCRETE; GLASS
AB Fine municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA) contains more
contaminants (e.g. metallic aluminium, glass and gypsum) that cannot be effectively
removed by current recycling techniques and this thus limits its engineering
application in concrete products. Instead of removing these contaminants, the
objective of this research was to investigate the influences of using different
casting methods and various supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on
improving the properties of cement mortar prepared with the fine MSWIBA. In this
study, the mortar bar specimens incorporating 100% fine MSWIBA as sand were
prepared using the conventional wet-mixed method and a dry-mixed method. The SCMs
applied were fly ash (FA), ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and waste
glass powder (GP), with a replacement ratio of 30 wt% of ordinary cement in the
mortar. The curing conditions of the specimens were in the 20 degrees C water, in
the 80 degrees C water and in an 80 degrees C NaOH solution for 28 days,
respectively. The experimental results showed that the dry-mixed method was an
effective method to mitigate the expansion of the mortar prepared with MSWIBA as
well as to enhance its mechanical properties after being subjected to the NaOH
solution. The order of effectiveness of SCMs on the reduction in the expansion of
the mortar prepared with MSWIBA was FA, GGBS and GP. It was indicated that FA was
the most effective in mitigating the alkali-silica expansion as well as the
alkaline-Al reaction. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xuan, Dongxing; Tang, Pei; Poon, Chi Sun] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil &
Environm Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Hong Kong Polytechnic University
RP Poon, CS (corresponding author), Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm
Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM cecspoon@polyu.edu.hk
RI XUAN, Dongxing/R-2340-2017; Poon, Chi Sun/JQI-2195-2023; Tang,
Pei/AAR-4082-2020; Poon, Chi Sun/H-4152-2015
OI XUAN, Dongxing/0000-0002-9505-9720; Poon, Chi Sun/0000-0003-4912-3936;
Tang, Pei/0000-0003-4881-6757
FU Hong Kong Polytechnic University Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme
FX This work was funded by the Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme. We would like to thank Dr. Jiangshan Li
(the Hong Kong Polytechnic University) for his assistance in sourcing
the MSWIBA used in this study.
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NR 25
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
PD APR 10
PY 2018
VL 167
BP 890
EP 898
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.077
PG 9
GA GE0IJ
UT WOS:000430897200081
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, JH
Zhang, LF
AF Park, Joo Hyun
Zhang, Lifeng
TI Kinetic Modeling of Nonmetallic Inclusions Behavior in Molten Steel: A
Review
LA English
DT Review
ID CONTINUOUS-CASTING MOLD; IN-SITU OBSERVATION; FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL;
MGO-CENTER-DOT-AL2O3 SPINEL INCLUSIONS; PROCESS SIMULATION-MODEL;
NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS; COUPLED TURBULENT-FLOW; ALUMINUM-KILLED STEEL;
OF-THE-ART; FLUID-FLOW
AB The kinetic modeling for the nucleation, size growth, and compositional
evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in steel was extensively reviewed in the
present article. The nucleation and initial growth of inclusion in molten steel
during deoxidation as well as the collision growth, motion, removal, and entrapment
of inclusions in the molten steel in continuous casting (CC) tundish and strand
were discussed. Moreover, the recent studies on the prediction of inclusion
composition in CC semiproducts were introduced. Since the 1990s, the development of
thermodynamic model and relevant databases for inclusion engineering has been
initiated by the steel industry. Later, the commercial software FACTSAGE employing
the FACT database was widely used to predict the gas (atmosphere/bubble)-liquid
(steel/slag/inclusion)-solid (refractory/slag/steel/inclusion) multiphase
equilibria. With the help of the comprehensive thermodynamic database and solution
models in conjunction with the development of user-friendly computing packages, the
kinetics of inclusion evolution in molten steel can be successfully predicted based
on several kinetic models such as the coupled reaction (CR) model, reaction zone
model, and tank series recirculation (TSR) model. However, some parameters are
needed to represent the real processes according to the model employed at different
operational or experimental conditions. The effect of reoxidation on the evolution
of inclusions in the ladle and tundish, which was experimentally confirmed, can be
simulated by the effective equilibrium reaction zone (EERZ) model. The complex
slag-steel interfacial reaction phenomena have been successfully explained by the
interfacial kinetic model based on the dynamic interfacial tension and oxygen
adsorption/desorption characteristics at the slag-steel interface.
C1 [Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
[Park, Joo Hyun] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, S-10044 Stockholm,
Sweden.
[Zhang, Lifeng] Yanshan Univ, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, 438
West Hebei Ave, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R China.
C3 Hanyang University; Royal Institute of Technology; Yanshan University
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan
15588, South Korea.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Yanshan Univ, State Key Lab
Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, 438 West Hebei Ave, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei,
Peoples R China.
EM basicity@hanyang.ac.kr; zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn
FU Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20009956];
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea; Korea Evaluation
Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20009956] Funding Source:
FX This work was partly supported by the Korea Evaluation Institute of
Industrial Technology (KEIT, with Grant No. 20009956), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea.
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NR 360
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 9
U2 83
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 6
BP 2453
EP 2482
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01954-1
EA OCT 2020
PG 30
Engineering
GA PY4VD
UT WOS:000577232100002
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ding, W
Xiao, JH
Peng, Y
Shen, SY
Chen, T
AF Ding Wei
Xiao Jun-Hui
Peng Yang
Shen Si-Yue
Chen Tao
TI Iron Extraction from Red Mud using Roasting with Sodium Salt
LA English
DT Article
DE Red mud; segregation roasting; sodium sulfate; magnetic separation
ID MAGNETIC SEPARATION; REDUCTION; RECOVERY; SULFATE; ORE; BENEFICIATION;
COMPONENTS; RESIDUE
AB Red mud is the main solid waste generated by the aluminum industry for the
extraction of alumina. Considering the environmental problems associated with red
mud, the recovery of iron from bauxite slag is still a promising field. The effect
of sodium sulfate on the red mud separation roasting-magnetic separation process
was studied. The results show that at the roasting temperature of 1100 degrees C
for 65 min, the segregation roasting-magnetic separation is carried out with 8 wt.%
sodium sulfate. The total iron grade of the magnetic separation iron concentrate is
79.32 wt.% and iron recovery rate of 85.43%. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD),
optical microscopy analysis and scanning electron microscopy-X-ray energy
spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to study the addition of sodium sulfate
segregation roasting products to red mud. The results show that adding the proper
amount of sodium sulfate during the red mud segregation roasting process can
enhance the separation and recovery of iron. During the red mud segregation
roasting process, sodium sulfate reacts with alumina, silica, etc. to form sodium
silicate and sodium aluminosilicate, which inhibits the formation of fayalite and
promotes the chlorination of iron oxide. Element migration and chemical reaction
can destroy the original ore structure, promote the formation of molten phase and
accelerate the aggregation and growth of metallic iron particles. Thus, a metallic
iron concentrate with high quality is obtained.
C1 [Ding Wei; Xiao Jun-Hui; Peng Yang; Shen Si-Yue; Chen Tao] Southwest Univ Sci &
Technol, Sichuan Engn Lab Nonmetall Mineral Powder Modific, Mianyang, Sichuan,
Peoples R China.
[Ding Wei; Xiao Jun-Hui; Peng Yang; Shen Si-Yue; Chen Tao] Southwest Univ Sci &
Technol, Dept Mineral Proc, Sch Environm & Resource, Mianyang, Sichuan, Peoples R
China.
[Xiao Jun-Hui] Minist Land & Resources, Key Lab Radioact & Rare Scattered
Minerals, Shaoguan, Peoples R China.
[Xiao Jun-Hui] Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Solid Waste
Treatment & Recycling, Mianyang, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest University of Science & Technology - China; Southwest
University of Science & Technology - China; Ministry of Natural
Resources of the People's Republic of China; Southwest University of
Science & Technology - China
RP Xiao, JH (corresponding author), Southwest Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm &
Resource, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM xiaojunhui33@163.com
RI Ding, Wei/HII-9240-2022; Xiao, Junhui/GQA-9838-2022; xiao,
junhui/HPF-1922-2023; xiao, junhui/AAQ-1773-2021
OI Ding, Wei/0000-0003-1880-2936; Xiao, Junhui/0000-0002-1256-2196; xiao,
junhui/0000-0002-1256-2196
FU Sichuan Science and Technology Program; Open Foundation of the Key
Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare and Sparse Minerals of the Ministry
of Land and Resources; Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for
Comprehensive Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Foundation
[2018FTSZ35]; China Geological Big Survey; Open Foundation of the State
Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of
Science and Technology
FX This work was supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program;
Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare and Sparse
Minerals of the Ministry of Land and Resources; Key Laboratory of
Sichuan Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Vanadium and Titanium
Resources Foundation [2018FTSZ35]; China Geological Big Survey; Open
Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy,
Wuhan University of Science and Technology.
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NR 24
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 17
U2 97
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 0882-7508
EI 1547-7401
PD APR 3
PY 2021
VL 42
IS 3
BP 153
EP 161
DI 10.1080/08827508.2019.1706049
EA DEC 2019
PG 9
GA QT0NW
UT WOS:000504373500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, X
Wen, GH
Tang, P
Ma, FJ
Wang, H
AF Yu Xiong
Wen Guang-hua
Tang Ping
Ma Fan-jun
Wang Huan
TI Behavior of Mold Slag Used for 20Mn23Al Nonmagnetic Steel During Casting
SO JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE nonmagnetic steel; continuous casting; mold slag; viscosity; CaF2
ID TRANSFORMERS; FLUXES; PLATES
AB Because of the addition of significant quantities of aluminum and manganese, the
great challenge of casting 20Mn23Al nonmagnetic steel is to design a mold slag that
is chemically compatible with this steel composition. A new mold slag with low
melting point and low basicity was proposed. The initial slag (the base mold slag)
and two corresponding mold slags sampled after 8 min and 15 min were investigated,
and the changes of mold slag composition and properties of molten slag were
discussed. The results showed that the slag quickly changed in chemical composition
to a slag that contained a small quantity of silica and a larger quantity of
alumina, and the basicity increased obviously; the heat flux density through the
slag film decreased slightly compared with the slag film at 0 min, 8 min and 15
min; the mold slag used for nonmagnetic steel was precipitated as CaF2 crystals.
The casting experiment shows that the slab has good surface quality without
longitudinal face cracks and slag inclusions; the Al2O3 content in the molten slag
pool increased with time at the beginning stage, and it can approach equilibrium
state after about 600 s.
C1 [Yu Xiong; Wen Guang-hua; Tang Ping; Ma Fan-jun; Wang Huan] Chongqing Univ, Coll
RP Yu, X (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM yuxiong@cqu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50874125]
FX Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation
of China (50874125)
CR Cheng Z, 1998, COMPEL, V17, P347, DOI 10.1108/03321649810203260
FLICK A, 2008, P 4 INT C CONT CAST, P22
Kulkarni S, 2004, IEE P-SCI MEAS TECH, V151, P313, DOI 10.1049/ip-smt:20040632
OMOTO T, 2007, SHINAGAWA TECHNICAL, P57
Qi X, 2008, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V354, P5444, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.09.012
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NR 11
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 9
PU JOURNAL IRON STEEL RESEARCH EDITORIAL BOARD
PI BEIJING
PA NO. 76 XUEYUAN SOUTH-ROAD, BEIJING 100081, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
J9 J IRON STEEL RES INT
JI J. Iron Steel Res. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 1
BP 20
EP 25
PG 6
GA 752QA
UT WOS:000289706200005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jansson, S
Brabie, V
Jönsson, P
AF Jansson, S.
Brabie, V.
Jonsson, P.
TI Magnesia-carbon refractory dissolution in Al killed low carbon steel
LA English
DT Article
DE reoxidation; aluminium killed steel; low carbon; inclusions; refractory;
slag
ID BEHAVIOR
AB The effects of rotation speed, steel temperature and steel composition on the
rate of dissolution of MgO-C refractory into Al deoxidised molten steel were
investigated using the rotating cylinder method. Cylinders or rods of MgO-C
refractory material were immersed in an Al deoxidised molten steel. Experiments
were performed for steel temperatures between 1873 and 1973 K and rotation speeds
between 100 and 800 rev min(-1) as well as for different immersion times. For each
case, the dissolution rate of MgO-C material was determined from measurement of the
decrease in the rod radius. The experimental results showed that the dissolution
rate of the MgO-C refractory material increased with an increase in steel
temperature and rotation speed. The findings strongly suggest the diffusion of
magnesium through the slag layer formed around the refractory rods to be a rate
determining step. This thin oxide layer at the steel/refractory interface was found
to be owing to reaction between magnesium vapour and CO generated by the reaction
between MgO and C in the refractory. Oxide inclusions were also found in the steel
melt and they were shown to mainly consist of MgO and Al2O3 or a mixture of the
two.
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Div Appl Proc Met, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
Dalarna Univ, SE-78188 Borlange, Sweden.
Arvika Gjuteri AB, SE-67182 Arvika, Sweden.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology; Dalarna University
RP Jönsson, P (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Div Appl Proc Met, SE-
10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM par@mse.kth.se
RI brabie, voicu/AAY-3195-2021
OI brabie, voicu/0000-0002-5399-4163
CR [Anonymous], 1998, REFR HDB, P159
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ELLIOTT J, 1971, EL FURNACE P, V29, P12
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KAPILASHRAMI E, 2004, 7 INT C MOLT SLAGS F, P417
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NR 31
TC 36
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 25
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD OCT
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 5
BP 389
EP 397
DI 10.1179/174328106X113977
PG 9
GA 097OJ
UT WOS:000241457300007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Monaghan, BJ
Chen, L
Sorbe, J
AF Monaghan, BJ
Chen, L
Sorbe, J
TI Comparative study of oxide inclusion dissolution in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag
LA English
DT Article
DE dissolution; inclusions; alumina; spinel; zirconia
ID ALUMINA-SILICA MELTS; SINTERED ALUMINA; SAPPHIRE; AL2O3
AB The dissolution of alumina, spinel and zirconia inclusions in a liquid CaO-SiO2-
Al2O3 slag has been investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Over the
experimental temperature range 1477-1577 degrees C it is found that alumina
inclusions have a slower dissolution rate than that of spinel, and that zirconia
inclusions form gas bubbles at the inclusion surface during dissolution. The
results have been analysed assuming mass transfer control in the slag phase, and
the slower rate of dissolution of the alumina inclusions is explained by the
observation that they have a greater mass of aluminium oxide, the rate controlling
species, than that of spinel.
C1 Univ Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron Engn, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Univ Wollongong, Steel Inst, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Inst Natl Sci Appl, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
C3 University of Wollongong; University of Wollongong; Institut National
des Sciences Appliquees de Lyon - INSA Lyon
RP Monaghan, BJ (corresponding author), Univ Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron
Engn, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
EM brian_monaghan@uow.edu.au
OI Monaghan, Brian/0000-0002-6341-3588
CR [Anonymous], THERMOPHYSICAL PROPE
Cho WD, 2002, FUNDAMENTALS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION, P631
Choi JY, 2002, ISIJ INT, V42, P852, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.42.852
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2916.1994.tb05340.x
2916.1964.tb14638.x
*CRC, 1997, CRC HDB CHEM PHYS
DAVIES RH, 1994, P C APPL THERM SYNTH, P371
DEA R, 1993, FUNDAMENTALS STEELMA, P84
Goto K, 1997, J AM CERAM SOC, V80, P461
JARVIS LR, 1988, J MICROSC-OXFORD, V150, P83, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-
2818.1988.tb04601.x
LEVENSPIEL O, CHEM REACTOR OMNIBOO
LOWE JH, 1995, CLEAN STEEL, P223
Mills K.C., 1995, SLAG ATLAS, P349
MILLS KC, 1986, SLAGS MODEL VERSION
MONAGHAN BJ, 2004, P 7 INT C MOLT SLAGS, P585
MORRELL R, 1989, HDB PROPERTIES TEC 1, P77
MUKIA K, 1998, PHILOS T R SOC LON A, V356, P1015
Phelan D., 2000, P BRIM MEM S, P579
POIRIER DR, 1994, TRANSPORT PHENOMENA, P444
SANDHAGE KH, 1988, J AM CERAM SOC, V71, P478, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1988.tb05898.x
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2916.1990.tb04270.x
TAIRA S, 1996, J IRON STEEL I JPN, V82, P1
Ueda K, 1999, J JPN I MET, V63, P989, DOI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.63.8_989
Valdez M, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P291, DOI 10.1002/srin.200100120
WACHSMAN ED, 1993, SCI TECHNOLOGY ZIRCO, V5, P584
NR 31
TC 36
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 12
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 32
IS 3
BP 258
EP 264
DI 10.1179/174328105X28793
PG 7
GA 924JS
UT WOS:000228975700015
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pereira, DA
Couto, DM
Labrincha, JA
AF Pereira, DA
Couto, DM
Labrincha, JA
TI Incorporation of alumina rich residues in refractory bricks
SO CFI-CERAMIC FORUM INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
AB Properly treated and neutralised sludge or salt slag from the anodising of
aluminium or Al-second melting processes are basically composed of water, colloidal
aluminium hydroxides, and variable minor elements. These residues are often
classified as non-toxic, and their average composition seems favourable for
recycling processes, or for attempting to incorporate them in other products. Ln
this paper, the use of common refractory materials is examined. A detailed
characterisation of residues was made, involving leaching tests, chemical and
mineralogical compositions, drying and firing behaviour, grain size distribution,
and mixing adaptability in wet conditions. Clay-based formulations were also
characterised, and typical industrial processing conditions were preferably
followed. The incorporation of sludges from the waste water of anodising baths is
somewhat limited (up to 5 mass-%), because the characteristics of the fired
material tend to be poorer with increasing sludge contents, as shown by a decrease
of the flexural strength. The inert and refractory characteristics of the sludge
might explain this effect. On the contrary, the incorporation of slag tends to
improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of the ceramic material, due to
its fluxing action. Higher incorporation levels (ca. 10 mass-%) are admissible.
C1 Univ Aveiro, UIMC, Ceram & Glass Engn Dept, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
CIEA, ISEP, Dept Mech Engn, P-4200 Oporto, Portugal.
C3 Universidade de Aveiro; Instituto Politecnico do Porto
RP Labrincha, JA (corresponding author), Univ Aveiro, UIMC, Ceram & Glass Engn
Dept, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
RI Labrincha, J./B-3984-2010
OI Labrincha, J./0000-0003-4782-1685
[Anonymous], TILE BRICK INT, DOI DOI 10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60191-0
*ASS FRANC NORM X, 1992, DECH ESS LIX
Couto DMS, 1998, P 2 MED CLAY M, V2, P214
Dondi M, 1997, TILE BRICK INT, V13, P302
*EC, 94904 EC
KOHLER A, 1988, USE IND WASTES COMBU, P441
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PEREIRA DA, 1997, P 8 M PORT MAT SOC, P182
Perez JA, 1996, IND CERAM, V16, P7
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9372(1987)113:2(278)
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Warpechowski da Silva N.I., 1998, TILE BRICK INT, V14, P247
NR 13
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 5
PU GOLLER VERLAG GMBH
PI BADEN BADEN
PA ASCHMATTSTRASSE 8, D-76532 BADEN BADEN, GERMANY
SN 0173-9913
J9 CFI-CERAM FORUM INT
JI CFI-Ceram. Forum Int.
PD JUL
PY 2000
VL 77
IS 7
BP E21
EP E25
PG 5
GA 340CC
UT WOS:000088514700007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, BQ
Fang, HS
Ma, HT
Li, JG
AF Zhang, BQ
Fang, HS
Ma, HT
Li, JG
TI Aluminothermal reaction to prepare Al-Ti-C master alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-Ti-C master alloys; aluminothermal reaction; reaction mechanism;
K2TiF6
ID GRAIN-REFINEMENT; B-TYPE; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM; BORON
AB An investigation was carried out on the reaction process and mechanism between
K2TiF6, graphite powder and aluminum melt with the common Ti concentration of 5 %
similar to 7 % in the grain-refiner AL-Ti-C master alloys and the reaction
temperature of 750 similar to 950 degrees C, aiming at understanding their reaction
mechanism and putting forward the aluminothermal reduction reaction method to
practical use. During experimental investigation, K2TiF6 and graphite wrapped in
aluminum foils were introduced into the aluminum melt at 850 degrees C. Samples of
alloy and slag were investigated by chemical analysis, XRD examination, SEM
observation, and EDS analysis as well. It was found that the reaction was very
vigorous at the beginning of the process and then reached a dynamic equilibrium.
There were 3 particular reactions during the aluminothermal reaction process. At
the beginning stage of the reaction, there emerged the phases of TiC and one type
of metastable intermetallic phase TiAl9 as well as TiAl3 in aluminum melt. At the
late stage of the reaction, the metastable phase TiAl9 disappeared and another
phase of Al4C3 emerged.
C1 Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
C3 Tsinghua University
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NR 24
TC 36
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 9
PU ALLERTON PRESS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 150 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA
SN 1003-6326
PD FEB
PY 2000
VL 10
IS 1
BP 1
EP 5
PG 5
GA 289GM
UT WOS:000085612200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU DIMITROV, S
WEYL, A
JANKE, D
AF DIMITROV, S
WEYL, A
JANKE, D
TI CONTROL OF THE ALUMINUM-OXYGEN REACTION IN PURE IRON MELTS
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID STEEL; EQUILIBRIUM; DEGREESC; SHAPES; OXIDES
AB Modified electrochemical oxygen sensors based on CaO-doped ZrO2 and Y2O3-doped
ThO2 were developed and applied to study the aluminium-oxygen reaction in pure
liquid iron with special regard to the provision of reliable experimental
conditions and the attainment of true chemical equilibrium. The sensors represent
valuable tools particularly for EMF long-term measurements over several hours. At
1600 degrees C, values of the constant K'(Al-O) = 9.77.10(-15) and of the
interaction parameters e(O)(Al) = -5.54 and e(Al)(O) = -9.35 were determined. When
Fe-O-Al melts are covered with a slag phase at an activity a(Al2O3) < 1, e.g., CaO-
saturated CaO-Al2O3 slag, the Al-O relationship in the iron may nevertheless be
controlled by an equilibrium oxide phase at an activity a(Al2O3) = 1, presumably
represented by inclusion particles crossing of pure Al2O3.
C1 MAX PLANCK INST EISENFORSCH GMBH,DUSSELDORF,GERMANY.
C3 Max Planck Society
Barin I., 1977, THERMOCHEMICAL PRO S
Barin I, 1973, THERMOCHEMICAL PROPE
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NR 31
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 4
PU VERLAG STAHLEISEN MBH
PI DUSSELDORF
PA SOHNSTRABE 65, D-40237 DUSSELDORF, GERMANY
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD JAN
PY 1995
VL 66
IS 1
BP 3
EP 7
DI 10.1002/srin.199501762
PG 5
GA QE247
UT WOS:A1995QE24700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Ma, XW
Xu, ML
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Ma, Xiuwei
Xu, Meiling
Fang, Yitian
TI Regulation of ash-fusion behaviors for high ash-fusion-temperature coal
by coal blending
LA English
DT Article
DE Regulation; Ash-fusion behavior; High ash-fusion-temperature coal; Coal
blending
ID FLOW PROPERTIES; SLAG FLOW; FUSIBILITY; BIOMASS; GLASS
AB Blending is a promising method to modify the ash-fusion characteristics of coal
to meet gasification requirements. To investigate the variation in ash-fusion
behavior for high ash-fusion-temperature (AFT) coal through coal blending and its
regulating mechanism, the ash-chemistry characteristics of four coals (Nantun,
Pengzhuang, Biaodian, and Xiangyuan) were analyzed. Mineral-transformation
behaviors in the mixed ashes were investigated by X-ray powder diffractometry using
normalized reference intensity ratio software, scanning electron microscopy
analyzer equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and FactSage software.
Pengzhuang and Biaodian coals, AFTs meet entrained-flow gasifier requirements when
the Xiangyuan mass ratio reaches 20%. The Nantun requires a Xiangyuan mass ratio of
XY >30% because of its high aluminum oxide content. The required Xiangyuan optimal
blending mass ratio is 40%-70% for the three high AFT coals to meet gasification
requirements in the entrained-flow gasifier. An increased Xiangyuan mass ratio
leads to decreasing contents of high melting-point mullite and silica and
increasing contents of low melting-point anorthite, hercynite, gehienite, and
hedenbergite. Amorphous matter in three mixed ash types resulted in a decrease in
their AFTs. The variation in liquid phase under certain conditions reflects the
change in AFT. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Xu, Meiling] Heze Univ, Dept Chem & Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R
China.
[Li, Fenghai; Ma, Xiuwei] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jiaozuo
RP Li, FH (corresponding author), Heze Univ, Dept Chem & Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples
R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com
RI LI, feng/HIR-1703-2022
FU Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China [ZR2014BM014];
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[XDA07050103]; Youth Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,
China [Y5SJ1A1121]
Shandong Province, China (ZR2014BM014), the Strategic Priority Research
Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA07050103), and Youth
Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, China (Y5SJ1A1121).
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10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.01.028
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[乌晓江 WU Xiao-jiang], 2009, [燃烧科学与技术, Journal of Combustion Science and
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[张龙 Zhang Long], 2015, [燃料化学学报, Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology],
V43, P145
NR 44
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 5
U2 76
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0378-3820
EI 1873-7188
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 166
BP 131
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.05.012
PG 9
GA FD2ZG
UT WOS:000407402700015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, C
Gao, JT
Wang, Z
Guo, ZC
AF Li, Chong
Gao, Jintao
Wang, Zhe
Guo, Zhancheng
TI Separation of Fine Al2O3 Inclusion from Liquid
Steel with Super Gravity
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS; ROTATING PACKED-BED; BEARING SLAG MELT;
SUPERGRAVITY FIELD; MASS-TRANSFER; IRON-ORE; PHOSPHORUS; REMOVAL; PHASE;
ALUMINUM
AB An innovative approach of super gravity was proposed to separate fine Al2O3
inclusions from liquid steel in this study. To investigate the removal behaviors of
inclusions, the effects of different gravity coefficients and time on separating
the inclusions were studied. The results show that a large amount of Al2O3
inclusions gathered at the top of the sample obtained by super gravity, whereas
there were almost no inclusions appearing at the bottom. The volume fraction and
number density of inclusions presented a gradient distribution along the direction
of the super gravity, which became steeper with increasing gravity coefficient and
separating time. As a result of the collision between inclusions, a large amount of
inclusions aggregated and grew during the moving process, which further decreased
the removal time. The experimental required removal time of inclusions is close to
the theoretical values calculated by Stokes law under gravity coefficient G
ae<currency> 80, t ae<currency> 15 minutes, and the small deviation may be because
the inclusion particles are not truly spherical. Under the condition of gravity
coefficient G = 80, t = 15 minutes, the total oxygen content at the bottom of the
sample (position of 5 cm) is only 8.4 ppm, and the removal rate is up to 95.6 pct
compared with that under normal gravity.
C1 [Li, Chong; Gao, Jintao; Wang, Zhe; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Gao, JT (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM jintaogao@ustb.edu.cn
RI Guo, Z. C./AAS-1733-2021
FU National Natural Science Foundations of China [51234001, 51404025];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[FRF-TP-15-009A2]
FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of
China (Nos. 51234001 and 51404025) and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (FRF-TP-15-009A2), which is acknowledged
with thanks.
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NR 26
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 3
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 2
BP 900
EP 907
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0905-5
PG 8
Engineering
GA EN5EO
UT WOS:000396028600015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, BX
Wang, WL
AF Lu, Boxun
Wang, Wanlin
TI Effects of Fluorine and BaO on the Crystallization Behavior of
Lime-Alumina-Based Mold Flux for Casting High-Al Steels
LA English
DT Article
ID VISCOSITY; SYSTEM; SLAGS
AB With the development of advanced high-strength steel, the slag/steel reaction
problems introduced by the addition of aluminum into steel become a challenge for
the continuous casting process. An investigation aims to improve the
crystallization property of lime-alumina-based mold flux for casting high Al-
bearing steels which was carried out through the study of effects of fluorine and
BaO on the crystallization behaviors of the mold flux. The single/double hot
thermocouple technique and SEM, EDS were employed in the study. The results
indicated that the decrease of fluorine content would promote the crystallization
behaviors in the lime-alumina-based system which is different to that in the
conventional lime-silica-based system, while BaO substituted for CaO can inhibit
the crystallization of the lime-alumina-based mold flux. Moreover, the
crystallization behavior of mold flux under simulated thermal gradient was in well
accordance with TTT results, including the crystallization process and three-
layered (liquid, crystalline, glassy) distribution of mold flux. (C) The Minerals,
Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2015
C1 [Lu, Boxun; Wang, Wanlin] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083,
Peoples R China.
FU NSFC [51274244, 51322405]; Hunan Excellent Young Scholar Funding
[14JJ1005]
FX The financial support from NSFC (51274244, 51322405) and Hunan Excellent
Young Scholar Funding (14JJ1005) is greatly acknowledged.
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[No title captured]
NR 21
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 43
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 46
IS 2
BP 852
EP 862
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0285-7
PG 11
Engineering
GA CE5GW
UT WOS:000351860300035
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, XM
Zhi, LF
Shi, WJ
Kong, LX
Bai, J
Yu, JL
Reinmöller, M
Guhl, S
Meyer, B
Li, W
AF Li, Xiaoming
Zhi, Lifei
Shi, Wenju
Kong, Lingxue
Bai, Jin
Yu, Jianglong
Reinmoeller, Markus
Guhl, Stefan
Meyer, Bernd
Li, Wen
TI Effect of K2O/Na2O on fusion behavior of coal ash
with high silicon and aluminum level
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE K2O/Na2O; Ash fusibility; Mixed-alkaline effect; High silicon and
aluminium
ID DIRECT LIQUEFACTION; ZHUNDONG COAL; GASIFICATION; SODIUM; SLAG;
TEMPERATURE; VISCOSITY; RICH
AB Ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) are widely used for evaluation of fusibility of
coal ash for combustion and gasification. K2O and Na2O is regarded as the effective
component to enhance the ash fusibility for slag tapping. The combination of K2O
and Na2O may enhance the flux efficiency. In this work, the effect of K2O/Na2O mass
ratio on fusion behavior of coal ash with high silicon and alumina level was
evaluated by the height variation of ash cone during heating. The results showed
that AFTs and theoretical fusion range (T-liq-T-ini) decreased quickly and then
increased slowly as the K2O/Na2O mass ratio in the coal ash was reduced. The sub-
liquidus phase changed from mullite into feldspar, which was responsible for change
of AFTs. Meanwhile, most of K element occurred in leucite (KAlSi2O6) and the rest
existed in nepheline (KAlSiO4), but Na almost existed in nepheline (NaAlSiO4). The
competition effect between K2O and Na2O on AFTs was reflected by KAlSiO4/NaAlSiO4
in nepheline, so the SiO2-KAlSi2O6-NaAlSi2O6 ternary phase diagram was constructed,
which well explained the variation of AFTs caused by K2O/Na2O mass ratio.
Meanwhile, the fusion process was divided into two stages based on variation rate
of ash cone height. At first stage, the amount of liquidus phase is limited and the
viscosity is high, so only a low shrinkage rate of ash cone exhibits. However, at
the second stage, high shrinking rate is caused by not only the rapid increase of
slag content but also the sharp decrease of viscosity besides, the addition of
K2O/Na2O change ash fusion process from "melting-dissolving" into "softening-
melting".
C1 [Li, Xiaoming; Zhi, Lifei] Taiyuan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem & Biol Engn,
Taiyuan, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Wenju; Kong, Lingxue; Bai, Jin; Li, Wen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem,
State Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Wenju] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Jianglong] Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Chem Engn, Key Lab Adv Coal &
Coking Technol Liaoning Prov, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Jianglong] Univ Newcastle, ICCCF, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
[Yu, Jianglong] Univ Newcastle, Chem Engn, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
[Reinmoeller, Markus; Guhl, Stefan; Meyer, Bernd] Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg,
Inst Energy Proc Engn & Chem Engn, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
[Meyer, Bernd] Fraunhofer Inst Microstruct Mat & Syst IMWS, Branch Circular
Carbon Technol, Walter Hulse Str 1, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
C3 Taiyuan University of Science & Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Science &
Technology Liaoning; University of Newcastle; University of Newcastle;
Technical University Freiberg; Fraunhofer Gesellschaft
RP Shi, WJ; Bai, J (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State
Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
EM shiwenju15@mails.ucas.edu.cn; stone@sxicc.ac.cn
RI yu, jiang/IQT-1529-2023; Ran, Chen/JMR-1744-2023
OI Bai, Jin/0000-0002-8623-1656; Reinmoller, Markus/0000-0001-8188-5469;
Yu, Jianglong/0000-0002-5932-0813
FU Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province [201801D121050,
201801D121051]; Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected
Returned Overseas Professionals in Shanxi Province [2017006]; Doctoral
Scientific Research Foundation of Taiyuan University of Science and
Technology [20162023]; Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of
China [U1510201]; Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of
Shanxi Province [U1510201]; NSFC-DFG [21761132032]
FX This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province
[Grant numbers 201801D121050 and 201801D121051], Fund Program for the
Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals in
Shanxi Province [Grant number 2017006], Doctoral Scientific Research
Foundation of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology [Grant number
20162023], Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of China and
Shanxi Province [Grant number U1510201], and NSFC-DFG [grant number
21761132032].
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NR 31
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 7
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD APR 1
PY 2020
VL 265
AR 116964
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116964
PG 9
GA KF0BM
UT WOS:000508914300059
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, J
Wang, XH
Jiang, M
Wang, WJ
AF Yang Jun
Wang Xin-hua
Jiang Min
Wang Wan-jun
TI Effect of Calcium Treatment on Non-Metallic Inclusions in Ultra-Low
Oxygen Steel Refined by High Basicity High Al2O3
Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE ultra-low oxygen; top slag; deoxidization; aluminium; oxide inclusion;
calcium treatment
ID COMPLEX DEOXIDATION; CLEANLINESS; ALUMINUM; IRON; AL
AB The influence of calcium treatment on non-metallic inclusions had been studied
when control technology of refining top slag in ladle furnace was used in ultra-low
oxygen steelmaking. A sufficient amount aluminium was added to experimental heats
for final deoxidizing during BOF tapping, and the refining top slag with strong
reducibility, high basicity and high Al2O3 in ladle furnace was used to produce
ultra-low oxygen steel and the transformation of non-metallic inclusions in molten
steel was compared by calcium treatment and no calcium treatment. The results show
that the transformation of Al2O3 -> MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel -> CaO-MgO-Al2O3
complex inclusions has been completed for aluminum deoxidation products and calcium
treatment to molten steel is unnecessary when using the control technology of ladle
furnace refining top slag to produce ultra-low oxygen steel, and the complex
inclusions are liquid at the temperature of steelmaking and easily removable to
obtain very high cleanliness steel by flotation. Furthermore, the problems of
nozzle clogging in casting operations do not happen and the remaining oxide
inclusions in steel are the relatively lower melting point complex inclusions.
C1 [Yang Jun; Wang Xin-hua; Jiang Min; Wang Wan-jun] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
RP Yang, J (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM yangjun20010406@yahoo.com.cn
RI Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021; Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023
OI Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376; Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB630806]
FX Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by National Basic Research Program of
China (2010CB630806)
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NR 14
TC 34
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 16
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD JUL
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 7
BP 8
EP 14
PG 7
GA 820VP
UT WOS:000294934500002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Liu, QR
Li, M
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Liu, Quanrun
Li, Meng
Fang, Yitian
TI Understanding fly-ash formation during fluidized-bed gasification of
high-silicon-aluminum coal based on its characteristics
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE High-silicon-aluminum coal; Fluidized-bed gasification; Fly ashes;
Characteristics; Formation
ID LOW-RANK COAL; PULVERIZED COAL; FORMATION MECHANISM; COMBUSTION; SLAG;
BIOMASS; BEHAVIOR; AGGLOMERATION; TEMPERATURE; FUSIBILITY
AB Investigations on fly-ash formation in fluidized-bed gasification are important
in mitigating ash-related problems and exploiting its further usage. In this study,
the characteristics of ash fusion, size distribution, and the elemental composition
of fly ash from the fluidized-bed gasification of high-silicon aluminum coals were
examined, and its formation process during gasification was explored. The ash
fusion temperatures of the fly ashes were lower than those of the corresponding raw
coal. Although the mean particle size of fly ashes from Jincheng anthracite is
smaller than that from Lu'an bitumite, they both have a two-peak distribution. The
carbon content and elemental distribution in the two fly ashes vary obviously
because of the differences in maceral distribution and mineral composition of
original coal. For high-silicon-aluminum coal, fly-ash formation occurred through
the char gasification of a shrinking nucleus, the agglomeration of some fine
particles into large particles by sintering and collision, and the entry of char
particles into a cyclone separator that is entrained by syngas. (C) 2018 Elsevier
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Li, Meng] Heze Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Shandong,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Liu, Quanrun; Li, Meng] Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Chem & Chem
Engn, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan, Peoples R China.
RP Li, FH (corresponding author), Heze Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015,
Shandong, Peoples R China.; Li, FH; Liu, QR (corresponding author), Henan Polytech
Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo 454003, Henan, Peoples R China.
EM hzIfh@163.com; quanrunliu@126.com
RI LI, feng/HIR-1703-2022
FU Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China [ZR2014BM014];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [21506242]; Youth Natural
Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, China [Y5SJ1A1121]
Shandong Province, China (ZR2014BM014), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21506242), the and Youth Natural Science Foundation
of Shanxi Province, China (Y5SJ1A1121). We are thankful to all workers
in the coal gasification pilot scale center, ICC, CAS.
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NR 52
TC 33
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 64
PI OXFORD
SN 0360-5442
EI 1873-6785
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD MAY 1
PY 2018
VL 150
BP 142
EP 152
DI 10.1016/j.energy.2018.02.137
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels
GA GF2DL
UT WOS:000431748400013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, D
Jiang, ZH
Dong, YW
Gong, W
Cao, YL
Cao, HB
AF Hou, Dong
Jiang, Zhou-Hua
Dong, Yan-Wu
Gong, Wei
Cao, Yu-Long
Cao, Hai-bo
TI Effect of Slag Composition on the Oxidation Kinetics of Alloying
Elements during Electroslag Remelting of Stainless Steel: Part-1
Mass-transfer Model
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag remelting; kinetics; mass transfer; penetration theory; ion
and molecule coexistence theory
ID THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; DEOXIDATION; TITANIUM; OXIDE
AB A new mathematical model for the computation of concentration changes occurring
in electroslag remelting is proposed in order to study the oxidation behavior of
titanium, aluminum, silicon in stainless steel. The solutions of the mass transfer
are simultaneously calculated by penetration theory and film theory. In order to
make the each system of Al+Al2O3, Si+SiO2, Ti+TiO2 and Fe+FeO reach the
thermodynamic equilibrium at the slag-metal interface in the model, the molarity of
FeO at the interface C-(FeO)* is employed, and then calculated by mass transfer
balance for oxygen element. The ion and molecule coexistence theory is employed to
investigate the effect of slag composition on the change of each alloying element.
At the process of liquid metal film formation, metal droplet passing though the
molten slag and metal pool, the fluxion of molten slag was considered into the mass
transfer coefficient. Finally, the model was established using the software of
Matlab. In theory, this model is suitable for all the chemical reaction of each
element during the ESR process, and determines the change of concentration of each
component both in metal and slag.
C1 [Hou, Dong; Jiang, Zhou-Hua; Dong, Yan-Wu; Gong, Wei; Cao, Yu-Long; Cao, Hai-bo]
Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Jiang, ZH (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
OI Jiang, Zhouhua/0000-0001-8887-7250
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [U1560203, 51274266];
Baosteel Group Corporation [U1560203]
FX This project is supported by Joint Research Fund of National Nature
Science Foundation of China and Baosteel Group Corporation with the
grant No. U1560203, and it is also supported by the National Nature
Science Foundation of China with the grant No. 51274266.
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NR 29
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 14
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 8
BP 1400
EP 1409
PG 10
GA FE7RF
UT WOS:000408403900014
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ji, CX
Cui, Y
Zeng, Z
Tian, ZH
Zhao, CL
Zhu, GS
AF Ji, Chen-xi
Cui, Yang
Zeng, Zhi
Tian, Zhi-hong
Zhao, Chang-liang
Zhu, Guo-sen
TI Continuous Casting of High-Al Steel in Shougang Jingtang Steel Works
LA English
DT Article
DE high aluminum steel; continuous casting; mold powder; slag-metal
reaction
AB Reaction between mold flux and liquid high aluminum steel is considerably
strong:It changes the physical property of the mold powder greatly and leads to a
larger fluctuation of heat flux in the mold. Transverse depression and longitudinal
cracks were often found on the slab surface. Three casting trials were carried out
to investigate the effects of mold powder and slab width on castability and surface
quality of high aluminum steels. The result shows that the SiO2 content of liquid
mold powder decreases while Al2O3 content increases during the casting process. It
was found that the degree of slag-metal reaction, addition and consumption of mold
powder determined the final equilibrium content of SiO2 and Al2O3. Under the same
process condition, it takes more time for the mold powder content to reach
equilibrium when casting wide slabs than narrow ones. Considering the sticking and
slab surface quality, mold powder A with high melting point and high viscosity is
suitable for casting 1 200 mm-width slab and mold powder B with low melting point
and low viscosity is suitable for casting 1 900 mm-width one.
C1 [Ji, Chen-xi; Cui, Yang; Zeng, Zhi; Tian, Zhi-hong] Shougang Res Inst Technol,
[Zhao, Chang-liang; Zhu, Guo-sen] Shougang Jingtang United Iron & Steel Co Ltd,
Tangshan 063200, Hebei, Peoples R China.
C3 Shougang Group; Shougang Group
RP Ji, CX (corresponding author), Shougang Res Inst Technol, Beijing 100043,
Peoples R China.
EM jichenxi@gmail.com
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8620.2013.01.013, DOI 10.3969/J.ISSN.1003-8620.2013.01.013]
Yang Bo, 2011, Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, V21, P913
Yu X., 2011, BASIC STUDY MOULD PO
NR 14
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 22
SU 1
BP 53
EP 56
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(15)30138-2
PG 4
GA CZ2QJ
UT WOS:000366949400009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, TZ
Li, FL
Jin, ZS
Yang, YG
AF Liu, Taoze
Li, Feili
Jin, Zhisheng
Yang, Yuangen
TI Acidic leaching of potentially toxic metals cadmium, cobalt, chromium,
copper, nickel, lead, and zinc from two Zn smelting slag materials
incubated in an acidic soil
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Soil amendment; Simulated acid deposition; Leaching index; Chemical
species; Mineral saturation
ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; HEAVY-METAL; CONTAMINATED SOIL;
ORGANIC-MATTER; TRACE-ELEMENTS; CU; PB; BIOAVAILABILITY; ADSORPTION;
MOBILITY
AB A column leaching study, coupled with acid deposition simulation, was conducted
to investigate the leaching of potentially toxic metals (PTM) from zinc smelting
slag materials (SSM) after being incubated in an acid Alfisol for 120 days at room
temperature. Two SSMs (SSM-A: acidic, 10 yrs exposure with moderate high PTM
concentrations versus SSM-B: alkaline, 2 yrs exposure with extremely high PTM
concentrations), were used for the incubation at 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 wt% amendment
ratios in triplicate. Five leaching events were conducted at day 1, 3, 7,14, and
28, and the leaching of PTMs mainly occurred in the first three leaching events,
with the highest PTM concentrations in leachate measured from 5 wt% SSM amendments.
After leaching, 2.5, 12, 5.5, 14, 11, and 9 wt% of M3 extractable Pb, Zn, Cd, Co,
Cr, and Ni could be released from 5 wt% SSM-A amended soils, being respectively 25,
12, 4, 2, 2, and 2 times more than those from 5 wt% SSM-B amended soils. In the
leachates, the concentrations of PTMs were mostly affected by leachant pH and were
closely correlated to the concentrations of Fe, Al, Ca, Mg and P with Cd, Pb, and
Zn showing the most environmental concern. Visual MINTEQ 3.1 modeling suggested
metallic ions and sulfate forms as the common chemical species of PTMs in the
leachates; whereas, organic bound species showed importance for Cd, Pb, Cu, and Ni,
and CdCl+ was observed for Cd. Aluminum hydroxy, phosphate, and sulfate minerals
prevailed as the saturated minerals, followed by chloropyromorphite (Pb-5(PO4)
(3)Cl) and plumbogummite (PbAl3(PO4)(2)(OH)(5)center dot H2O) in the leachates.
This study suggested that incubation of SSMs in acidic soil for a long term can
enhance the release of PTMs as the forms of metallic ions and sulfate when
subjected to acid deposition leaching. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Taoze; Jin, Zhisheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, 99 West Lincheng Rd,
Guiyang 550002, Guizhou, Peoples R China.
[Li, Feili] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Environm, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou
310032, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Yuangen] Univ Georgia, AESL, 2300 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guiyang Institute of Geochemistry, CAS;
Zhejiang University of Technology; University System of Georgia;
University of Georgia
RP Yang, YG (corresponding author), Univ Georgia, AESL, 2300 Coll Stn Rd, Athens,
GA 30602 USA.
EM yangyuangen@hotmail.com
RI fei-li, Li/A-1550-2012
OI fei-li, Li/0000-0003-0903-9481
FU National Science Foundation of China [40473049, 41273129]; Open Fund of
the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry [SKLEG2017901]
FX Funding support from National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.
40473049 and 41273129) and Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of
Environmental Geochemistry (SKLEG2017901) is acknowledged.
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TC 32
Z9 33
U1 4
U2 116
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 238
BP 359
EP 368
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.022
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA GI8EM
UT WOS:000434754600038
PM 29574360
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Saravanakumar, R
Ramachandran, K
Laly, LG
Ananthapadmanabhan, PV
Yugeswaran, S
AF Saravanakumar, R.
Ramachandran, K.
Laly, Lintu G.
Ananthapadmanabhan, P. V.
Yugeswaran, S.
TI Plasma assisted synthesis of γ-alumina from waste aluminium dross
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminium dross; Ultrafine alumina powder; Transferred arc plasma;
Plasma waste treatment; gamma-alumina
ID THERMAL PLASMA; RECOVERING ALUMINUM; ACID DISSOLUTION; HAZARDOUS-WASTE;
ROTARY FURNACE; HOLLOW-CATHODE; ARC; HYDROLYSIS; EXTRACTION; MANAGEMENT
AB Aluminium dross, a waste generated from aluminium melting process, contains
aluminium metal, aluminium oxide, aluminium oxy-nitride and impurities such as
sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Since aluminium dross is land filled
without treatment, it is hazardous to the environment. Conventional methods for the
metal recovery from the recycling of aluminium dross involve chemicals and are time
consuming. In this study, an attempt was made to treat aluminium dross using plasma
arc melting process. The aluminium dross was melted and evaporated by the plasma
arc established between a crucible anode and a rod type hollow cathode made of
graphite. Raw dross and products of plasma treated dross such as slag and fine
powder were characterized. The generation of ultrafine alumina powder and slag are
explained using simulation of the plasma arc inside the crucible and free energy
minimization calculations. High temperature and air entrainment into the plasma
inside the crucible converted the dross into alumina slag and fine powder. The
amount of fine alumina powder produced increased substantially with plasma power
initially as seen from the results of alumina obtained at 5 kW and 10 kW. However,
further increase in plasma power resulted only in marginal increase in the
conversion of Al dross to alumina. Results of this study indicate that arc plasma
technology can be effectively applied to convert Al dross into value added fine
alumina powder. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Saravanakumar, R.; Ramachandran, K.; Laly, Lintu G.] Bharathiar Univ, Dept
Phys, Coimbatore, TN, India.
[Ananthapadmanabhan, P. V.] PSN Coll Engn & Technol, Tirunelveli, TN, India.
[Yugeswaran, S.] Univ Toronto, Ctr Adv Coating Technol, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8,
Canada.
C3 Bharathiar University; University of Toronto
RP Ramachandran, K (corresponding author), Bharathiar Univ, Dept Phys, Coimbatore,
TN, India.
EM ramspsg@yahoo.com
RI Ramachandran, Kandasamy/AAE-3982-2020
OI Ramachandran, Kandasamy/0000-0001-7844-7353; /0000-0002-5165-8094
FU UGC; DST, Government of India
FX Financial supports from UGC and DST, Government of India are greatly
acknowledged.
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U2 48
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SN 0956-053X
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 77
BP 565
EP 575
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.005
PG 11
GA GO8YR
UT WOS:000440389600058
PM 29778404
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mukhopadhyay, S
Dutta, S
Ansar, SA
Das, S
Misra, S
AF Mukhopadhyay, Sunanda
Dutta, Sarbasree
Ansar, Sheikh A.
Das, Sumita
Misra, Susmita
TI Spinel-Coated Graphite for Carbon Containing Refractory Castables
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDATION RESISTANCE; MGAL2O4 SPINEL; WATER-WETTABILITY; ALUMINUM;
POWDER; IMPROVEMENT
AB Oxidation resistance and water wettability of graphite flakes have been improved
by a thin sol-gel film of magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) over its surface.
The hydrosol has been synthesized by less expensive precursors and the spinel
formation has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), supplemented with
energy dispersive spectral analysis. After an easy-to-use mixing procedure, drying
(110 degrees C), and subsequent calcination (550 degrees C), coated graphites were
sieved to below 75 mu m. The coating over the powder contained 1.5 wt% MgAl2O4,
which enormously increased the oxidation resistance (performed at 600 degrees, 900
degrees, and 1200 degrees C) and water wettability, as revealed by hydrophilic
functional groups from infrared spectra. Defective, intermediate spinel structure
of fine, lamellar Mg-doped gamma-Al2O3 has been considered to be significant for
this improvement. An approximate (1:2) stoichiometry of (Mg:Al) in the coating
composition was confirmed by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy test. Castables
prepared by this graphite remarkably improved their bulk density and apparent
porosity compared with those prepared by the as-received graphite. Casting water
was reduced along with the amount of antioxidants. This also enhanced the
resistance toward the basic slag by retaining the graphite in the refractory.
C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Sunanda; Dutta, Sarbasree; Ansar, Sheikh A.; Das, Sumita; Misra,
Susmita] Univ Calcutta, Dept Chem Technol, Kolkata 700009, W Bengal, India.
C3 University of Calcutta
RP Mukhopadhyay, S (corresponding author), Univ Calcutta, Dept Chem Technol,
Kolkata 700009, W Bengal, India.
EM msunanda_cct@yahoo.co.in
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NR 38
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 24
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD AUG
PY 2009
VL 92
IS 8
BP 1895
EP 1900
DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03133.x
PG 6
GA 480AS
UT WOS:000268704600045
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gu, FQ
Peng, ZW
Zhang, YB
Tang, HM
Ye, L
Tian, WG
Liang, GS
Rao, MJ
Li, GH
Jiang, T
AF Gu, Foquan
Peng, Zhiwei
Zhang, Yuanbo
Tang, Huimin
Ye, Lei
Tian, Weiguang
Liang, Guoshen
Rao, Mingjun
Li, Guanghui
Jiang, Tao
TI Facile Route for Preparing Refractory Materials from Ferronickel Slag
with Addition of Magnesia
SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferronickel slag; Refractory material; Sintering; Magnesia; Resources
utilization
ID COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; FINE AGGREGATE; SELECTIVE RECOVERY; CONVERTER
SLAG; NICKEL; CEMENT; REPLACEMENT; CONCRETE; METALS; WASTES
AB The feasibility of a facile technological route to preparation of refractory
materials from a ferronickel slag with the addition of sintered magnesia was
verified in this study based on the thermodynamics analysis and the experimental
exploration of the effect of the sintered magnesia addition on the phase
transformation of ferronickel slag during the sintering process. For the first
time, the results of thermodynamics calculation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and
scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS)
analyses revealed that the original phase of the slag can be transformed to high
melting point phases by addition of MgO during the sintering process at high
temperatures (e.g., 1350 degrees C). Specifically, the olivine in ferronickel slag
decomposed initially, generating a low-iron olivine phase and an enstatite phase.
With increasing addition of sintered magnesia, the enstatite phase changed to
forsterite, and the iron, aluminum, and chromium components in the ferronickel slag
converted to high melting point spinel phases, including magnesium aluminate spinel
and magnesium chromate spinel via a low-magnesium transient phase. The experimental
results showed that a good refractory material with refractoriness of 1660 degrees
C, bulk density of 2.92 g/cm(3), apparent porosity of 1.82%, and compressive
strength of 100.61 MPa could be obtained when the slag was sintered with addition
of 20 wt % sintered magnesia at 1350 degrees C for 3 h. Due to the low production
cost and property superiority of the prepared refractory material over commercial
counterparts, the method proposed in this study is expected to have widespread
applications in recycling of ferronickel slag.
C1 [Gu, Foquan; Peng, Zhiwei; Zhang, Yuanbo; Tang, Huimin; Ye, Lei; Rao, Mingjun;
Li, Guanghui; Jiang, Tao] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha
[Tian, Weiguang; Liang, Guoshen] Guangdong Guangqing Met Technol Co Ltd,
Yangjiang 529500, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
RP Peng, ZW (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM zwpeng@csu.edu.cn
RI jiang, tao/GWC-7108-2022; Rao, Mingjun/GSD-5794-2022; Jiang,
Tao/IWM-7503-2023; li, guanghui/JNS-0836-2023
OI Rao, Mingjun/0000-0001-6032-9340; Gu, Foquan/0000-0002-0257-8530
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China [2017JJ3383]; Key
Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety (Tsinghua
University) Open Fund [SWMES2017-04]; Hunan Provincial Co-Innovation
Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral
Resources [2014-405]; Guangdong Guangqing Metal Technology Co. Ltd.
[738010210]; Innovation-Driven Program of Central South University
[2016CXS021]; Shenghua Lieying Program of Central South University
[502035001]
FX This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grants 51774337 and 51504297, the Natural
Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China, under Grant 2017JJ3383, the
Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety
(Tsinghua University) Open Fund under Grant SWMES2017-04, the Hunan
Provincial Co-Innovation Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of
Strategic Metal Mineral Resources under Grant 2014-405, the Guangdong
Guangqing Metal Technology Co. Ltd. under Grant 738010210, the
Innovation-Driven Program of Central South University under Grant
2016CXS021, and the Shenghua Lieying Program of Central South University
under Grant 502035001.
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NR 47
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 90
PI WASHINGTON
SN 2168-0485
J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG
JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2018
VL 6
IS 4
BP 4880
EP 4889
DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04336
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology;
Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering
GA GB7WM
UT WOS:000429285800050
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cho, JW
Yoo, S
Park, MS
Park, JK
Moon, KH
AF Cho, Jung-Wook
Yoo, Shin
Park, Min-Seok
Park, Joong-Kil
Moon, Ki-Hyeon
TI Improvement of Castability and Surface Quality of Continuously Cast TWIP
Slabs by Molten Mold Flux Feeding Technology
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE HEAT-TRANSFER; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; INITIAL
SOLIDIFICATION; STEEL; FILM; THICKNESS; VISCOSITY; PREDICTION; OXIDES;
POWDER
AB An innovative continuous casting process named POCAST (POSCO's advanced CASting
Technology) was developed based on molten mold flux feeding technology to improve
both the productivity and the surface quality of cast slabs. In this process,
molten mold flux is fed into the casting mold to enhance the thermal insulation of
the meniscus and, hence, the lubrication between the solidifying steel shell and
the copper mold. Enhancement of both the castability and the surface quality of
high-aluminum advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) slabs is one of the most
important advantages when the new process has been applied into the commercial
continuous casting process. A trial cast of TWIP steel has been carried out using a
10-ton scale pilot caster and 100-ton scale and 250-ton scale commercial casters.
The amount of mold flux consumption was more than 0.2 kg/m(2) in the new process,
which is much larger than that in the conventional powder casting. Trial TWIP
castings at both the pilot and the plant caster showed stable mold performances
such as mold heat transfer. Also, cast slabs showed periodic/sound oscillation
marks and little defects. The successful casting of TWIP steel has been attributed
to the following characteristics of POCAST: dilution of the reactant by increasing
the slag pool depth, enlargement of channel for slag film infiltration at meniscus
by elimination of the slag bear, and decrease of apparent viscosity of the mold
slag at meniscus by increasing the slag temperature.
C1 [Cho, Jung-Wook; Yoo, Shin; Park, Min-Seok; Park, Joong-Kil; Moon, Ki-Hyeon]
Tech Res Labs POSCO, Pohang 37895, South Korea.
RP Cho, JW; Park, JK (corresponding author), Tech Res Labs POSCO, Pohang 37895,
South Korea.; Cho, JW (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH,
Grad Inst Ferrous Technol, Pohang 37673, South Korea.
EM jungwook@postech.ac.kr; jk_park@posco.com
RI Cho, Jung-Wook/A-8142-2013
OI Cho, Jung-Wook/0000-0003-2364-1938
CR Blazek K., 2011, ECCC METEC, P1
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NR 34
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 45
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 1
BP 187
EP 196
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0818-3
PG 10
Engineering
GA EI2CZ
UT WOS:000392295500020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nakasuga, T
Nakashima, K
Mori, K
AF Nakasuga, T
Nakashima, K
Mori, K
TI Recovery rate of chromium from stainless slag by iron melts
LA English
DT Article
DE ironmaking; steelmaking; recycle; stainless slag; Cr2O3; reduction;
slag-metal reaction; kinetics; modeling
ID SMELTING REDUCTION; CARBON; OXIDE; DEPHOSPHORIZATION; CR2O3; STEEL;
STATE; METAL; ORE
AB The kinetic behavior of Cr2O3 reduction by iron melts containing carbon,
aluminum and silicon were investigated at various conditions in order to understand
effective slag treatment for recovery of chromium from stainless slag. It was found
that the recovery rate of chromium was fairly slow, but it was considerably
accelerated by the addition of some fluxes, such as Al2O2 and SiO2 to the slag,
which promoted the formation of liquid slag at the early stage of the reaction, and
the recovery ratio of chromium was also improved. In addition, SiO2 addition was
more effective for increasing the chromium recovery than Al2O3 addition due to the
effect of CaO/SiO2 ratio of slag on the reduction rate of Cr2O3 in slag. The
experimental results were well simulated by the previous kinetic reaction model
based on two-film theory. The modeling study showed that the transfer rate of
chromium from slag to metal was controlled by the mass transport in the slag phase.
C1 Kobe Steel Ltd, Kakogawa Works, Ctr Res & Dev, Kakogawa 6750023, Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128581,
Japan.
Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
C3 Kobe Steel; Kyushu University; Kyushu University
RP Nakasuga, T (corresponding author), Kobe Steel Ltd, Kakogawa Works, Ctr Res &
Dev, Kakogawa 6750023, Japan.
EM nakasima@zaiko.kyushu-u.ac.jp
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NR 17
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 20
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2004
VL 44
IS 4
BP 665
EP 672
PG 8
GA 814RG
UT WOS:000220991200005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shao, HQ
Gao, EZ
Wang, WL
Zhang, L
AF Shao, Hanqing
Gao, Erzhuo
Wang, Wanlin
Zhang, Lei
TI Effect of fluorine and CaO/Al2O3 mass ratio on the
viscosity and structure of CaO-Al2O3-based mold
fluxes
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO; Al2O3; fluorine; mold flux; spectroscopy; structure; viscosity
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; IONOMER GLASSES;
ALUMINUM; RAMAN; NMR; SPECIATION; STEEL; SLAG; PERALKALINE
AB The effect of CaO/Al2O3 mass ratio (C/A) and fluorine content on the viscosity
and structure of CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes has been researched in this paper. The
viscosity results indicated that increasing fluorine only slightly decreases the
viscosity of the slag melt, and higher C/A is also observed to decrease the
viscosity of molten slag when the C/A changes from 1.3 to 1.7. Structural analysis
of the as-quenched fluxes using the Raman spectroscopy showed that the amounts of
Al-O-0 and Si-O-Al structural units all decrease with higher fluorine content and
C/A, indicating that a depolymerization of the molten structure is occurring. The
results of Al-27 and F-19 magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance showed
that fluorine tends to participate in the network structure and coordinate with
Al3+ ions to form complex ionic clusters. The results suggested that the role of
fluorine in the CaO-Al2O3-based slag system is different from the traditional slag
system in which fluorine only acts as a diluent, thus reducing the effect of
fluorine on lowering the viscosity. In addition, the coordination environment of
Al3+ ions can be simplified by higher C/A through promoting the generation of
[AlO4](-) tetrahedral structures. Besides, the free O2- ions provided by excess CaO
would break the Al-O-0 bonds and further depolymerize the network structure,
thereby decrease the viscosity.
C1 [Shao, Hanqing; Gao, Erzhuo; Wang, Wanlin; Zhang, Lei] Cent S Univ, Sch Met &
Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Shao, Hanqing; Gao, Erzhuo; Wang, Wanlin; Zhang, Lei] Natl Ctr Int Cooperat
Clean Met, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, WL (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha,
Hunan, Peoples R China.
RI Zhang, Lei/ABA-4375-2021
OI Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-1758-5733
FU National Science Foundation of China [51661130154, U1760202]; Newton
Advanced Fellowship [NA150320]
FX National Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 51661130154,
U1760202; Newton Advanced Fellowship, Grant/Award Number: NA150320
CR [Anonymous], GLASSES THEIR APPL
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2006.12.001
5
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10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.048
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3093(81)90039-9
Wang WL, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P1034, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1245-4
Zhao H, 2014, METALL MATER TRANS B, V45, P1510, DOI 10.1007/s11663-014-0043-x
Zhou LJ, 2015, MET MATER INT, V21, P126, DOI 10.1007/s12540-015-1015-7
NR 39
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 55
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD AUG
PY 2019
VL 102
IS 8
BP 4440
EP 4449
DI 10.1111/jace.16322
PG 10
GA IB1HT
UT WOS:000470016900009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU He, SP
Chen, GJ
Guo, YT
Shen, BY
Wang, Q
AF He, Shengping
Chen, Gujun
Guo, Yintao
Shen, Boyi
Wang, Qian
TI Morphology Control for Al2O3 Inclusion Without Ca
Treatment in High-Aluminum Steel
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-IRON; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS;
CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS; KILLED STEEL; CALCIUM; DISSOLUTION; IMPROVEMENT;
MELTS
AB Nozzle blockage is a major problem during continuous casting of Al-containing
steel. Herein, we analyzed the thermodynamic equilibrium behavior between aluminum
and oxygen in steel at 1873 K (1600 degrees C) and demonstrated that, the dissolved
[O] initially decreases with increasing the dissolved [Al] until approximately 0.1
wt pct [Al], and after that, the dissolved [O] increases with dissolved [Al]. Thus,
for high-aluminum steel with 1.0 wt pct dissolved [Al], the precipitation of Al2O3
inclusion can be avoided during cooling from deoxidation temperature to the
liquidus temperature, if the actual dissolved [O] can be kept from increasing when
the dissolved [Al] further increases from 0.1 to 1.0 wt pct. Hence, a method of
inclusion control for high-aluminum steel without traditional Ca treatment
technology was proposed based on the thermodynamic analysis. Industrial tests
confirmed that low-melting point Ca-aluminate inclusions were observed typically
through a slag washing with SiO2-minimized high-basicity slag during tapping,
accompanied by two-step Al-adding process for production of high-aluminum steel.
Moreover, there was no nozzle clogging occurred for five heats of continuous
casting. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2014
C1 [He, Shengping; Chen, Gujun; Guo, Yintao; Shen, Boyi; Wang, Qian] Chongqing
Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
RP He, SP (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM heshp@cqu.edu.cn
CR Abdelaziz S, 2009, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V36, P432, DOI 10.1179/174328109X401578
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[Anonymous], 1988, STEELMAKING DATA SOU
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Mikhailov GG, 2008, RUSS METALL, P727, DOI 10.1134/S003602950808017X
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[张彩军 ZHANG Caijun], 2006, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V41, P31
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NR 55
TC 30
Z9 34
U1 7
U2 37
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 46
IS 2
BP 585
EP 594
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0264-z
PG 10
Engineering
GA CE5GW
UT WOS:000351860300009
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GH
Chou, KC
AF Zhang, Guo-Hua
Chou, Kuo-Chih
TI Influence of Al2O3/SiO2 Ratio on
Viscosities of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Melt
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3-SiO2; viscosity; degree of polymerization; Arrhenius law;
model
ID ALUMINOSILICATE MELTS; SLAGS; ALUMINUM; ALKALI; SYSTEM; OXIDES; MODEL
AB The influence of Al2O3/SiO2 ratio on viscosity of CaO-Al2O3/SiO2 melt was
investigated by the rotating cylinder method in this study. Three groups of
compositions with different CaO contents of 0.35, 0.4 and 0.45 were studied. From
the experimental results, it was concluded that viscosity always first increases
and then decreases as gradually increasing Al2O3/SiO2 ratio. The appearance of
viscosity maximum may be resulted from the opposite variation tendencies of mean
bond strength and the degree of polymerization of melt with Al2O3/SiO2 ratio. When
substituting SiO2 by Al2O3, the mean bond strength decreases because of the weak
Al-O bond relative to Si-O bond, which decreases viscosity; while the degree of
polymerization is enhanced by the charge compensation effect of Al3+ ion, which
increases viscosity. Our new proposed viscosity model can well describe the
viscosity variation of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 melt.
C1 [Zhang, Guo-Hua; Chou, Kuo-Chih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Guo-Hua; Chou, Kuo-Chih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Science &
Technology Beijing
RP Zhang, GH (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM ghzhang_ustb@163.com
RI Zhang, Guo-Hua/AAM-7264-2021; Zhang, He/GXN-0028-2022
FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M510318]; Chinese Natural
Science Foundation [51174022, 51234001]
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to Professor Fumitaka
Tsukihashi (University of Tokyo) for his valuable comments. Thanks are
also given to the Financial supports from China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (2012M510318) and the Chinese Natural Science Foundation
(51174022 and 51234001).
CR BILLS PM, 1963, J IRON STEEL I, V201, P133
Johannsen F., 1959, Z ERZBERG METALLHUT, V12, P272
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0090-y
10.1051/metal/196057020149
2916.1948.tb14290.x
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Zhang G. H., 2012, J MIN MET B IN PRESS
Zhang GH, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS B, V43, P849, DOI 10.1007/s11663-012-9674-y
Zhang GH, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS B, V43, P64, DOI 10.1007/s11663-011-9589-z
NR 19
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 5
U2 37
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 1
BP 177
EP 180
PG 4
GA 102HC
UT WOS:000315834700026
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fruehan, RJ
Li, Y
Carkin, G
AF Fruehan, RJ
Li, Y
Carkin, G
TI Mechanism and rate of reaction of Al2O, Al, and CO vapors
with carbon
LA English
DT Article
AB During the production of aluminum by carbothermic reduction, large quantities of
Al2O and Al vapor are generated. For the process to be economical, the aluminum and
energy associated with these species must be captured and used in the process. This
is accomplished by reacting them with carbon to form Al4C3. The mechanism and rate
of the reactions of gas containing Al and Al2O with various forms of carbon was
studied. The Al2O-Al-CO gas was generated by reacting an Al4C3-Al2O3 melt with
carbon at high temperatures (2000 degreesC to 2050 degreesC). The gas then reacted
with carbon at lower temperatures (1900 degreesC to 1950 degreesC). The only form
of carbon that reacted extensively, forming Al4C3, was wood charcoal; with other
forms of carbon, such as metallurgical coke and petroleum coke, primarily only
Al2O3 condensed on the surface formed. The rate of formation of Al4C3 on wood
charcoal was found to be controlled by the diffusion of Al2O and Al through the
Al4C3 product layer, and their effective diffusivities were estimated to be 0.82
and 1.31 cm(2)/s, respectively. Over 90 pct of the carbide is formed by Al2O and
only 10 pct by Al vapor. When an Al4C3-Al2O3 dense slag was formed on the charcoal
at lower temperatures (1920 degreesC to 1930 degreesC) and then reacted at a higher
temperature, it appears that the slag and carbon reacted to form Al4C3 relatively
fast. The volume of Al4C3 formed is much greater than that of the original carbon.
It is believed that this is the reason the other forms of carbon with lower
porosity (25 pct vs 60 pct) did not react significantly. Any amount of Al4C3 formed
would quickly fill the pores of the more dense carbon, stopping any further
reaction.
US Steel Res Ctr, Monroeville, PA 15146 USA.
RP Fruehan, RJ (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM fruehan@cmu.edu
CR BRUNO M, LIGHT METALS 2003, P395
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PELTON AD, FACTSAGE
QUI C, 1998, J ALLOY COMPD, V213, P55
NR 4
TC 30
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 9
PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1073-5615
PD AUG
PY 2004
VL 35
IS 4
BP 617
EP 623
DI 10.1007/s11663-004-0002-z
PG 7
Engineering
GA 841OH
UT WOS:000222939500002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Valeev, D
Zinoveev, D
Kondratiev, A
Lubyanoi, D
Pankratov, D
AF Valeev, Dmitry
Zinoveev, Dmitry
Kondratiev, Alex
Lubyanoi, Dmitry
Pankratov, Denis
TI Reductive Smelting of Neutralized Red Mud for Iron Recovery and Produced
Pig Iron for Heat-Resistant Castings
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; Mossbauer spectroscopy; reductive smelting; thermodynamic
modeling; slag; pig iron
ID BAUXITE RESIDUE; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; MINING WASTE;
MOSSBAUER; NANOPARTICLES; ALUMINA; ALKALI; ACID; COMPOSITE
AB The chemical and mineral composition of the red mud from the Ural Aluminum Plant
were studied by XRF, XRD, and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Experiments on reductive
smelting of red mud were carried out in a range of temperatures (1650-1750 degrees
C) to recover iron from the aluminum production waste with maximum efficiency. It
was found that it is possible to obtain pig iron with a high content of titanium,
phosphorus, and vanadium, and low sulfur content. The efficiency of iron recovery
at 1750 degrees C was found to be around 98%. Thermodynamic calculations were
carried out to assist in finding the optimal conditions for the process (e.g.,
carbon content, furnace temperature, slag liquidus temperature). It was also found
that the pig iron phase obtained at 1650 to 1700 degrees C is not separated from
the slag phase into ingot compared with the sample obtained at 1750 degrees C. Pig
iron obtained at 1750 degrees C can be used to produce molds for the steel-casting
equipment.
C1 [Valeev, Dmitry] Russian Acad Sci, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, IP Bardin Lab
Problems Met Complex Ores, 49 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119334, Russia.
[Valeev, Dmitry; Kondratiev, Alex] Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS, Sci Res Ctr
Thermochem Mat, 4 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119049, Russia.
[Zinoveev, Dmitry] Russian Acad Sci, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Lab Phys Chem
& Iron Ore Proc Technol, 49 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119334, Russia.
[Lubyanoi, Dmitry] Kuzbass State Tech Univ, 19a Nogradskaya St, Prokopyevsk
653033, Russia.
[Pankratov, Denis] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Dept Chem, 1 Leninsky Gory,
Moscow 119991, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences; Baikov Institute of Metallurgy & Materials
Science (IMET RAS); National University of Science & Technology (MISIS);
Russian Academy of Sciences; Baikov Institute of Metallurgy & Materials
Science (IMET RAS); Kuzbass State Technical University; Lomonosov Moscow
State University
RP Valeev, D (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat
Sci, IP Bardin Lab Problems Met Complex Ores, 49 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119334,
Russia.; Valeev, D (corresponding author), Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS, Sci Res
Ctr Thermochem Mat, 4 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119049, Russia.
EM dvaleev@imet.ac.ru; dzinoveev@imet.ac.ru; al.v.kondratiev@gmail.com;
lubjanoy@yandex.ru; pankratov@radio.chem.msu.ru
RI Zinoveev, Dmitry/I-2795-2017; Kondratiev, Alex/G-9598-2015; Valeev,
Dmitry/A-9683-2016; Pankratov, Denis/J-3613-2012; Kondratiev,
Alex/ABH-5376-2020
OI Zinoveev, Dmitry/0000-0003-4520-4659; Kondratiev,
Alex/0000-0001-6658-0421; Valeev, Dmitry/0000-0002-8820-7502; Pankratov,
Denis/0000-0001-6557-2753; Kondratiev, Alex/0000-0001-6658-0421
FU Program of Basic research of the Presidium of Russian Academy of Science
[39, AAA-A18-118031690039-9]; Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation [11.7971.2017/6.7]
FX The present study was funded by Program of Basic research of the
Presidium of Russian Academy of Science No 39 "Fundamentals and
energy-efficient, resource-saving, innovative technologies of mineral
processing, utilization of industrial and household waste" (Grant No.
AAA-A18-118031690039-9). Alex Kondratiev is financially supported by the
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation in the
framework of the basic part of the state program 'Organisation of the
Research Work' for higher educational institutions in 2017-2019 no.
11.7971.2017/6.7.
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NR 62
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 24
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 10
IS 1
AR 32
DI 10.3390/met10010032
PG 20
Engineering
GA KQ3LK
UT WOS:000516827800032
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, WH
Li, H
Zhu, HM
Xu, PJ
AF Liu, Wenhuan
Li, Hui
Zhu, Huimei
Xu, Pinjing
TI Properties of a Steel Slag-Permeable Asphalt Mixture and the Reaction of
the Steel Slag-Asphalt Interface
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE FTIR; asphalt; steel slag; chemical reaction; asphalt-steel slag
interface
ID PERFORMANCE; MECHANISM; REMOVAL; SO2; XRD
AB Steel slag is an industrial solid waste with the largest output in the world. It
has the characteristics of wear resistance, good particle shape, large porosity,
etc. At the same time, it has good adhesion characteristics with asphalt. If steel
slag is used in asphalt pavement, it not only solves the problem of insufficient
quality aggregates in asphalt concrete, but can also give full play to the high
hardness and high wear resistance of steel slag to improve the performance of
asphalt pavement. In this study, a steel slag aggregate was mixed with road
petroleum asphalt to prepare a permeable steel slag-asphalt mixture, which was then
compared with the permeable limestone-asphalt mixture. According to the Technical
Regulations for Permeable Asphalt Pavement (CJJT 190-2012), the permeability, water
stability, and Marshall stability of the prepared asphalt mixtures were tested and
analyzed. In addition, the high-temperature stability and expansibility were
analyzed according to the Experimental Regulations for Highway Engineering Asphalt
and Asphalt Mixture (JTG E20-2011). The chemical composition of the steel slag was
tested and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). The mineral
composition of the steel slag was tested and analyzed by X-ray diffractometer
(XRD). The asphalt was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).
The results show that the steel slag asphalt permeable mixture had good
permeability, water stability, and Marshall stability, as well as good high-
temperature stability and a low expansion rate. The main mineral composition was
ferroferric oxide, the RO phase (RO phase is a broad solid solution formed by
melting FeO, MgO, and other divalent metal oxides such as MnO), dicalcium silicate,
and tricalcium silicate. In the main chemical composition of steel slag, there was
no chemical reaction between aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, and
asphalt, while ferric oxide chemically reacted with asphalt and formed new
organosilicon compounds. The main mineral composition of the steel slag (i.e.,
triiron tetroxide, dicalcium silicate, and tricalcium silicate) reacted chemically
with the asphalt and produced new substances. There was no chemical reaction
between the RO phase and asphalt.
C1 [Liu, Wenhuan; Li, Hui; Zhu, Huimei; Xu, Pinjing] Xian Univ Architecture &
Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Wenhuan] Shaanxi Key Lab Architectural Sci & Technol, Xian 710055,
Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
C3 Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology
RP Liu, WH; Li, H (corresponding author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Coll
Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Liu, WH (corresponding
author), Shaanxi Key Lab Architectural Sci & Technol, Xian 710055, Shaanxi, Peoples
R China.
EM liuwenhuan@xauat.edu.cn; sunshineli@vip.sina.com; zhuhuimeitj@163.com;
xpj6100@163.com
FU Key Laboratory Project of Shaanxi Education Department [15JS051];
National Key Research and Development Program [2018YFC1903804]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [50872105]
FX This work was supported by the Key Laboratory Project of Shaanxi
Education Department (No.15JS051), National Key Research and Development
Program (No. 2018YFC1903804), and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 50872105).
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NR 23
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 20
U2 79
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD NOV
PY 2019
VL 12
IS 21
AR 3603
DI 10.3390/ma12213603
PG 10
Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering;
Physics
GA JW1DK
UT WOS:000502798800144
PM 31684050
OA gold, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kaussen, FM
Friedrich, B
AF Kaussen, F. M.
Friedrich, B.
TI Phase characterization and thermochemical simulation of (landfilled)
bauxite residue ("red mud") in different alkaline processes optimized
for aluminum recovery
SO HYDROMETALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum recovery; Aluminum extraction; Bauxite residue; Red mud;
Bayer-process; Pedersen-process
ID CANCRINITE; TRANSFORMATION; DESILICATION; SODALITE; SILICA
AB In coherent studies three different processes of hydrometallurgical, alkaline
extraction of aluminum from bauxite residue (BR) are examined and benchmarked
regarding their efficiency on aluminum recovery. The employed processes include a
direct second caustic pressure leaching, a caustic pressure leaching of the slag
produced by reductive smelting of BR with simultaneous pig iron recovery (adapted
"Pedersen-process") and leaching of BR after a sintering stage with sodium
carbonate and further additives including lime and coke. In order to ensure a
direct comparability, all experiments are conducted using the same homogenized BR
from an old industrial landfill. After detailed characterization of the used BR
using XRF chemical analysis, XRD phase analysis, SEM optical analysis and Qemscan
(R) phase analysis/distribution, occurring phase formations during the employed
processes are also calculated and predicted by FactSage (R) simulation software.
The actual phase formation and leachability of the formed aluminum phases are
verified during experiments and a special focus is set on the dissolution of
silicon as major impurity in all processes. It can be shown that aluminum
extraction efficiencies of 90% are still possible but interlinked with massive
silicon dissolution due to the almost complete dissolution of aluminum silicates.
C1 [Kaussen, F. M.; Friedrich, B.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME Dept Proc Met & Met
Recycling, Intzestr 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
C3 RWTH Aachen University
RP Kaussen, FM (corresponding author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME Dept Proc Met &
Met Recycling, Intzestr 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
EM fkaussen@ime-aachen.de; bfriedrich@ime-aachen.de
RI Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7005-2021; Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7029-2021
OI Friedrich, Bernd/0000-0002-2934-2034
FU German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [033R085A]
FX The project upon which this publication is based is funded by the German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under project number
033R085A from 2012 to 2016. This publication reflects the views of the
authors only. Special thanks to all project partners, the analytical
laboratory of the School of Geosciences Energy & Mineral Resources,
Department of Mineralogy & Economic Geology for Qemscan analysis, the
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry for XRD analyses, both RWTH Aachen
School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, University and National
Technical University of Athens in person of Prof. D. Panias and E.
Balomenos for scientific input and fruitful discussions.
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NR 42
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 26
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-386X
EI 1879-1158
J9 HYDROMETALLURGY
JI Hydrometallurgy
PD MAR
PY 2018
VL 176
BP 49
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2018.01.006
PG 13
GA GA3KK
UT WOS:000428227300007
OA Green Published, hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, T
He, SP
Zhu, LL
Wang, Q
AF Wu, Ting
He, Shengping
Zhu, Lilong
Wang, Qian
TI Study on Reaction Performances and Applications of Mold Flux for
High-Aluminum Steel
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE mold fluxes; high-aluminum steel; reaction performance; industry
application
AB During the continuous ecasting of high-aluminum steel, important components of
the mold flux can be easily reduced by the aluminum in the molten steel.
Consequently, the mold flux performance is deteriorated, impeding the smooth
running of the continuous casting and affecting the quality of the cast slab. To
solve this problem, thermodynamic calculations and laboratorial crucible
experiments were performed to investigate the reduction of different mold fluxes by
the aluminum in molten steel. Plant trials based on the laboratory studies were
performed. It was found that SiO2, MnO, Na2O and B2O3 reacted with the aluminum in
molten steel, while CaO, CaF2, MgO, Li2O and BaO did not. Since the composition
contents of in CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux were changed only slightly after
steel/slag interfacial reactions, a stable CaO-Al(2)O(3-)based mold flux was tested
in industry production. The application effect of this stable mold flux was very
good.
C1 [Wu, Ting; He, Shengping; Zhu, Lilong; Wang, Qian] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci
& Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM heshp@cqu.edu.cn
FU Chongqing Research Program of Foundation and Advanced Technology
[cstc2013jcyjA50003]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities in China [CDJZR11130004]
FX The authors would like to deeply appreciate the fund from Chongqing
Research Program of Foundation and Advanced Technology (Project No.
cstc2013jcyjA50003) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities in China (Project No. CDJZR11130004).
CR Barin I., 1977, THERMOCHEMICAL PRO S
Blazek K., 2011, P 7 EUR CONT CAST C
Blazek K., 2011, P AIST 2011, P1577
Chi, 1991, SICHUAN METALL, V3, P40
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Rao Y.K., 1985, STOIOCHIMETRY THERMO
ROG G, 1992, J CHEM THERMODYN, V24, P41, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9614(05)80254-X
NR 16
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 13
PU JAPAN INST METALS & MATERIALS
PI SENDAI
PA 1-14-32, ICHIBANCHO, AOBA-KU, SENDAI, 980-8544, JAPAN
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD JAN
PY 2016
VL 57
IS 1
BP 58
EP 63
DI 10.2320/matertrans.M2015311
PG 6
Engineering
GA DF6CU
UT WOS:000371444200012
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, W
Chen, W
Yang, Y
Lippold, C
McLean, A
AF Yan, W.
Chen, W.
Yang, Y.
Lippold, C.
McLean, A.
TI Effect of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on viscosity and
crystallisation behaviour of mould flux for high Al non-magnetic steel
LA English
DT Article
DE High aluminium; Non-magnetic steel; Mould flux; CaO/Al2O3; Viscosity;
Crystallisation
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; SLAG; B2O3
AB In order to facilitate the development of CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux for casting
high aluminium, non-magnetic steel, the effect of CaO/Al2O3 ratios from 0.6 to 3.2
on viscosity and crystallisation characteristics were investigated with the aid of
a rotational viscometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, a single hot
thermocouple technique and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results showed that, at
temperatures above 1543 K (1270 degrees C), the viscosity first decreased and then
became stable with increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio. At temperatures below 1543 K
(1270 degrees C), the viscosity again first decreased but then increased, with the
CaO/Al2O3 ratio. This viscosity behaviour can be attributed to changes in the
network structure characteristics and the precipitation of solid particles within
the liquid flux. Increase in the CaO/Al2O3 ratio also first inhibited and then
enhanced crystallisation as demonstrated by the changes in initial crystallisation
temperatures and incubation times. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed that, at
both low and high CaO/Al2O3 ratios, the dominant precipitates were compounds with
high melting points. On the other hand, with CaO/Al2O3 ratios in the midrange, the
dominant precipitates were compounds with relatively low melting temperatures. It
is concluded that mould flux with a CaO/Al2O3 ratio in the range 1.1-1.6 is the
most appropriate for casting high aluminium, non-magnetic steels.
C1 [Yan, W.; Chen, W.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Yan, W.; Yang, Y.; McLean, A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON
M5S 3E4, Canada.
[Lippold, C.] Qingdao Stollberg & Samil Co Ltd, Qingdao 266300, Peoples R China.
EM yanweimetal@gmial.com
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10.1179/030192310X12816231892585
NR 19
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 20
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 42
IS 9
BP 698
EP 704
DI 10.1179/1743281215Y.0000000024
PG 7
GA CZ3VD
UT WOS:000367031200008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Schafföner, S
Aneziris, CG
Berek, H
Hubálková, J
Rotmann, B
Friedrich, B
AF Schaffoener, Stefan
Aneziris, Christos G.
Berek, Harry
Hubalkova, Jana
Rotmann, Bjoern
Friedrich, Bernd
TI Corrosion behavior of calcium zirconate refractories in contact with
titanium aluminide melts
SO JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Refractories; Calcium zirconate; Titanium aluminides; Vacuum induction
melting; Electron backscatter diffraction
ID ELECTRON BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; ALLOYS; OXIDE;
STABILITY; EBSD
AB This contribution investigated the corrosion mechanisms of calcium zirconate
crucibles during vacuum induction melting of titanium aluminides. The crucibles
withstood several melts and exhibited no cracking due to thermal shock. However, a
significant amount of zirconium dissolved in the melt, whereas the oxygen content
of the melt increased on a much lower level. In contrast to melting Ti6A14V in the
same crucibles an increased calcium zirconate content of the crucibles did not
reduce the melt contamination of the titanium aluminide melts. The investigation of
the corrosion front of the crucibles revealed the formation of calcium aluminates,
whereas titanium was almost absent. The melting of titanium aluminides with
subsequent refining by electro slag remelting could be a viable production route to
produce titanium zirconium aluminum alloys. Furthermore, the relation between the
corrosion of calcium zirconate refractories in contact with titanium based alloys
depending on their composition should be further evaluated. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Schaffoener, Stefan; Aneziris, Christos G.; Berek, Harry; Hubalkova, Jana] Tech
Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Ceram Glass & Construct Mat, D-09599 Freiberg,
Germany.
[Rotmann, Bjoern; Friedrich, Bernd] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME Inst Proc Met &
Met Recycling, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
C3 Technical University Freiberg; RWTH Aachen University
RP Schafföner, S (corresponding author), Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Ceram
Glass & Construct Mat, Agricolastr 17, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
EM stefan.schaffoener@ikgb.tu-freiberg.de
RI Schafföner, Stefan/AAA-5648-2020; Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7005-2021;
Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7029-2021
OI Friedrich, Bernd/0000-0002-2934-2034; Schaffoner,
Stefan/0000-0002-6526-2496; Hubalkova, Jana/0000-0003-3624-8940
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Research Unit 1372 [AN
322/25-1, FR 1713/19-1]
FX The authors would like to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for
supporting this work within the Research Unit 1372 (Grant No. AN
322/25-1 and FR 1713/19-1).
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NR 40
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0955-2219
EI 1873-619X
J9 J EUR CERAM SOC
JI J. Eur. Ceram. Soc.
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 35
IS 3
BP 1097
EP 1106
DI 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.09.032
PG 10
GA AY6GF
UT WOS:000347664500025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Q
Wen, G
Li, J
Fu, X
Tang, P
Li, W
AF Liu, Q.
Wen, G.
Li, J.
Fu, X.
Tang, P.
Li, W.
TI Development of mould fluxes based on lime-alumina slag system for
casting high aluminium TRIP steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Continuous casting; Mould fluxes; Lime-alumina based fluxes; TRIP Steel;
Surface quality
ID TRANSFORMATION-INDUCED-PLASTICITY; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; AL
AB With excellent strength and ductility properties, transformation induced
plasticity (TRIP) steels are superior to ordinary commercial steels and have great
application potential in the automobile industry. However, the continuous casting
of TRIP steels is associated with challenges owing to its high aluminium content,
approximately 0.5-1.8%. The reaction of aluminium near the steel/slag interface
continuously changes the basicity of conventional lime-silica based mould fluxes
causing variation in the flux physical properties between the solidifying shell and
mould wall. Therefore, the heat transfer process is unstable and the surface
quality of the as-cast slab is not guaranteed.
To reduce the reactivity of aluminium in TRIP steel during casting, it is
suggested to replace the lime-silica based fluxes with a lime-alumina based mould
flux, based on laboratory measurements and industrial trials.
The trials showed great improvement in the slab surface quality and no
depression defect was noticed so far.
C1 [Liu, Q.; Wen, G.; Fu, X.; Tang, P.] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Li, J.; Li, W.] Wuhan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Wuhan 430080, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University; China Baowu Steel Group
RP Wen, G (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM wengh@cqu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51274260]; Wuhan Iron and
Steel Company Limited
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51274260).
Thanks are also given to Wuhan Iron and Steel Company Limited for the
support provided for this work.
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Liu L. L., 2003, LIGHT METAL, V3, P19
Sugimoto K, 2005, ISIJ INT, V45, P1194, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.45.1194
Turteltaub S, 2005, J MECH PHYS SOLIDS, V53, P1747, DOI
10.1016/j.jmps.2005.03.004
Wang J.Y., 1988, J CHONGQING U, V04
[于雄 Yu Xiong], 2011, [重庆大学学报, Journal of Chongqing University], V34, P66
NR 19
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 18
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD MAY
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 4
BP 292
EP 297
DI 10.1179/1743281213Y.0000000131
PG 6
GA AI7JK
UT WOS:000337064600010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abdel-latif, MA
AF Abdel-latif, MA
TI Recovery of vanadium and nickel from petroleum flyash
LA English
CT Conference on Pyrometallurgy (Pyromet 02)
CY MAR, 2002
CL CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
DE environmental; recycling; reduction; extractive metallurgy; mass
balancing
AB Flyash is a powdery residue generated by the power stations that use heavy oil
as the source of fuel. The ash poses a threat to the environment due to the
presence of certain heavy elements such as chromium. At the same time, it contains
valuable metals, including vanadium and nickel, that are extractable if an
economical and environmentally acceptable process can be developed. To this end,
Mintek, in co-operation with Oxbow Carbon and Minerals, undertook a major research
program over a two-year period in an attempt to find the most suitable technology
to deal with this ash. After considering various alternatives, a process flowsheet
was developed and used as a basis to identify the testwork required for the major
processing units. The flowsheet consisted of a drying stage at moderate
temperatures of about 150degreesC, a de-carburization and de-sulphurization (pre-
treatment) stage, and finally a smelting step in a DC arc furnace.
Testwork carried out at the 40 kW scale, using pre-treated flyash, indicated the
feasibility of producing a ferrovanadium alloy containing more than 15% vanadium
and 6% nickel, with vanadium recovery of more than 89%, and a disposable slag based
on USA EPA safe disposal criteria. Several parameters were studied in order to
optimise the smelting stage including operating temperature, aluminium addition,
the use of ferrosilicon as the reducing agent and lime (flux) addition. The results
of the investigation are presented in this paper. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd.
C1 MINTEK, ZA-2125 Randburg, South Africa.
RP Abdel-latif, MA (corresponding author), MINTEK, 200 Hans Striidom Dr, ZA-2125
Randburg, South Africa.
CR MACRAE DR, 1976, EL FURN C P, V34, P96
MILLERON N, 1983, ENCY CHEM TECHNOLOGY, V23, P676
MIMURA K, 1977, B RES I MINERALS DRE, V33, P71
MOORE JJ, 1992, INFACON 6 CAP, V1, P225
PICKLES CA, 1983, J MET, P40
NR 5
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 13
PI OXFORD
SN 0892-6875
J9 MINER ENG
JI Miner. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2002
VL 15
IS 11
SU S
BP 953
EP 961
AR PII S0892-6875(02)00134-6
DI 10.1016/S0892-6875(02)00134-6
PG 9
GA 629TY
UT WOS:000180066000007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Baligidad, RG
Prakash, U
Radhakrishna, A
AF Baligidad, RG
Prakash, U
Radhakrishna, A
TI Processing of high carbon Fe3Al based intermetallic alloy
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
CT Kyoto Workshop on High Temperature Intermetallic Compounds
CY MAY 10-13, 1998
CL KYOTO, JAPAN
DE iron aluminides; based on Fe3Al; mechanical properties at ambient
temperature; casting; melting; microstructure
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EMBRITTLEMENT
AB A melting procedure for air induction melting (AIM) of an Fe3Al based
intermetallic alloy Fe-15.38wt%Al-1.1wt%C is described. Use of an appropriate slag
cover during AIM results in elimination of hydrogen gas porosity in cast AIM
ingots. Criteria for slag selection and slag to metal ratio are discussed. Refining
by slag-metal reactions results in significant reduction in impurity levels (S, O,
N) during AIM. Consequently, low cost raw materials such as mild steel scrap and
commercial aluminium were used for melting the alloy. The AIM ingot exhibited
excellent tensile properties. The ductility and hot workability of the ingot may be
further improved by subsequent processing through electroslag remelting. It is also
argued that the presence of carbon may be necessary to get AIM castings with
desirable mechanical properties. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Limited. All rights
reserved.
C1 Def Met Res Lab, Hyderabad 500058, Andhra Pradesh, India.
C3 Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO); Defence
Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL)
RP Baligidad, RG (corresponding author), Def Met Res Lab, Hyderabad 500058, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
RI Nath, S Shashi/B-5115-2009
CR BALIGIDAD RG, 1994, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V21, P324
Baligidad RG, 1997, SCRIPTA MATER, V36, P667, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6462(96)00441-1
Baligidad RG, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P1448, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.1448
Hoyle G, 1983, ELECTROSLAG PROCESSI
MCKAMEY CG, 1991, J MATER RES, V6, P1779, DOI 10.1557/JMR.1991.1779
PLOKINGER E, 1973, J IRON STEEL INT, V211, P533
PRAKASH U, 1991, ISIJ INT, V31, P1113, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.31.1113
RISHEL LL, HEAT RESISTANT MAT, V149, P91
SIKKA VK, 1991, MATER RES SOC S P, V213, P907
SIKKA VK, 1994, MINERAL MET MAT SOC, P3
STOLOFF NS, 1994, INTERMETALLICS, V2, P75, DOI 10.1016/0966-9795(94)90001-9
VISWANATH S, 1994, MINERAL MET MAT SOC, P159
1997, PROCESS BULK PRODUCT
NR 15
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0966-9795
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD NOV-DEC
PY 1998
VL 6
IS 7-8
BP 765
EP 769
DI 10.1016/S0966-9795(98)00050-8
PG 5
GA 139HH
UT WOS:000077022100036
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tayeb, AM
AF Tayeb, AM
TI Use of some industrial wastes as energy storage media
SO ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE energy storage; solid storage materials (SSM); mixed systems; phase
change material (PCM); heat transfer fluid (HTF)
AB Solar energy is stored using different solid storage materials, both chemical
and metallic industrial wastes. The materials tested in the present study are
paraffin wax, copper slag, aluminium slag, iron slag, cast iron slag and copper
chips. Solar energy is stored in these materials, and the energy is then recovered
with a water stream at different how rates, and the storage capacity and period for
different materials were compared. The same set of experiments is run on solid
metallic materials mixed with wax. The results indicated that iron slag has the
highest storage capacity followed by cast iron slag then aluminium slag and copper
chips and copper slag. It is also noted that the addition of paraffin wax to the
solid metallic material greatly improves its storage capacity and duration. The
storage efficiency of different units is calculated and compared.
RP Tayeb, AM (corresponding author), MENIA UNIV,FAC ENGN,MENIA,EGYPT.
NR 0
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 7
PI OXFORD
SN 0196-8904
J9 ENERG CONVERS MANAGE
JI Energy Conv. Manag.
PD FEB
PY 1996
VL 37
IS 2
BP 127
EP 133
DI 10.1016/0196-8904(95)00171-9
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Mechanics
GA TJ139
UT WOS:A1996TJ13900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, HC
Lin, HR
Zhang, PP
Yu, L
Chen, LJ
Huang, X
Jiao, BQ
Li, DW
AF Chen, Hongcai
Lin, Huirong
Zhang, Pengpeng
Yu, Lin
Chen, Liangjun
Huang, Xiao
Jiao, Binquan
Li, Dongwei
TI Immobilisation of heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration residue
using
SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-
CaO glass-ceramic
LA English
DT Article
DE Hazardous waste incineration residue; SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CaO
glass-ceramics; Heavy metals; Immobilisation mechanism
ID ORE PROCESSING RESIDUE; FLY-ASH; BOTTOM ASH; SLAG; CRYSTALLIZATION;
VITRIFICATION; DURABILITY; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; SODIUM
AB Hazardous waste incineration residue (HWIR) is categorised as hazardous waste
due to the presence of heavy metals such as Zn, Cu, and Cr. Based on the abundant
components of silica, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, and calcium oxide in a HWIR from
an environmental protection corporation in China, a 100% HWIR was used to prepare
SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CaO glass-ceramic samples. The results showed that Zn, Cu, and Cr
present in the glass-ceramic samples were effectively immobilised through the
melting-sintering process. Among the four parameters of heat treatment,
crystallisation temperature played the most significant role. The glass-ceramic
that was formed under optimal conditions contained haematite, pseudobrookite, and
anorthite, and exhibited a superior compressive strength, volume density, and water
absorption of 204.84 MPa, 2.80 g/cm(3), and 1.20%, respectively. Compared with the
raw HWIR sample, the leaching concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cr from the prepared
glass-ceramic samples decreased significantly, and their immobilisation
efficiencies exceeded 99%. Physical encapsulation in the glass-ceramic samples
along with ion exchange in the amorphous glassy matrix and iron-rich crystalline
phases were the main immobilisation mechanisms of Zn, Cu, and Cr.
C1 [Chen, Hongcai; Zhang, Pengpeng; Huang, Xiao; Jiao, Binquan; Li, Dongwei]
Chongqing Univ, State Key Lab Coal Mine Disaster Dynam & Control, Chongqing 400044,
Peoples R China.
[Chen, Hongcai; Lin, Huirong; Zhang, Pengpeng; Yu, Lin; Huang, Xiao; Jiao,
Binquan; Li, Dongwei] Chongqing Univ, Sch Resources & Safety Engn, Chongqing
[Lin, Huirong; Li, Dongwei] Natl & Local Joint Engn Res Ctr Hazardous Waste I,
[Chen, Liangjun] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met Engn, Hefei 243002, Anhui, Peoples
R China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; Anhui University of
Technology
RP Huang, X; Jiao, BQ; Li, DW (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, State Key Lab
Coal Mine Disaster Dynam & Control, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM shawwong@126.com; j.binquan@cqu.edu.cn; litonwei@cqu.edu.cn
RI lin, hui/HJI-4472-2023; LI, DONGWEI/JJE-8110-2023; Li,
Dongwei/F-4215-2011
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.07.033
NR 55
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD MAR 15
PY 2021
VL 47
IS 6
BP 8468
EP 8477
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.11.213
EA FEB 2021
PG 10
GA QM0XT
UT WOS:000621504700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jung, SM
Fruehan, RJ
AF Jung, SM
Fruehan, RJ
TI Thermodynamics of titanium oxide in ladle slags
LA English
DT Article
DE ladle slags; titanium oxide; activity; silicon-added stainless steel;
aluminum-killed steel
ID NITROGEN
AB It is necessary to have information on the thermodynamic behavior of titanium
oxide in ladle type stags in order to control the titanium content in several
grades of steel. In the present study, the thermodynamics was determined from the
equilibrium between Fe-C-sat-Ti and CaO-SiO2-30%Al2O3-MgO-TiOx stags in equilibrium
with CO and from the equilibrium between Fe-C-sat-(16 similar to 18)%Cr-Si-Ti and
CaO-SiO2- 20%Al2O3-MgO-TiOx stags in equilibrium with CO. From the experiment with
Fe-C-sat-Ti alloy, the activity coefficients of TiO1 5 and TiO2 vary with basicity
from 0.3 to 1.5 and from 0.5 to 2.3, respectively. And from the experiment with Fe-
C-sat-(16 similar to 18)%Cr-Si-Ti alloy, the activity coefficients of TiO1.5 and
TiO2 vary with basicity from 0.4 to 1.4 and from 0.6 to 3.5, respectively. The
results obtained from the equilibrium between Fe-C-sat-(16 similar to 18)%Cr-Si-Ti
and CaO-SiO2-20%Al2O3-MgO-TiOx stags were used to estimate the titanium content of
silicon-added stainless steel. Experiments were also conducted using Fe-Al-Ti melts
in equilibrium with CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-TiOx stags saturated with MgO. In this case most
of the titanium in the slag is present as TiO2(Ti4+). The present results were used
to predict the titanium content of aluminum-killed steel in equilibrium with ladle
stags containing titanium oxide and the predictions agreed with plant data.
RP Jung, SM (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Grad Sch Iron &
Steel Technol, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
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NR 14
TC 28
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 10
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2001
VL 41
IS 12
BP 1447
EP 1453
PG 7
GA 504FJ
UT WOS:000172846400005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU CHO, SW
SUITO, H
AF CHO, SW
SUITO, H
TI ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM IN LIQUID NI-FE ALLOYS EQUILIBRATED
WITH CAO-AL2O3 SLAGS
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID OXYGEN; NICKEL; MELTS
AB The deoxidation equilibrium for Al in Ni-Fe alloys was studied in the
equilibrium experiments between CaO-Al2O3 slags and Fe-30, 50 and 70 % Ni alloys at
1873 K. By using the values for the first and second order interaction parameters
between oxygen and nickel in liquid iron and those between oxygen and iron in
liquid nickel, the effect of Ni on the activity coefficient of Al in liquid iron
and that of Fe on the activity coefficient of Al in liquid nickel were determined
in the whole composition range of Ni-Fe alloys. The oxygen contents in Ni-Fe alloys
calculated by the iterative method based on pure iron were in good agreement with
those based on pure nickel in the range of [% Al] < 0.03. From this fact, it was
found that the Wagner's approximation relating to the multi-component solution was
applicable to the deoxidation equilibrium in the whole composition range of Ni-Fe
alloys in the restricted concentration of a deoxidizer.
RP CHO, SW (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST ADV MAT PROC,SENDAI,MIYAGI
980,JAPAN.
CR ANKINS ES, 1970, METALL T, V1, P1465
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Kubaschewski O., 1979, METALLURGICAL THERMO, V5th, P380
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NR 26
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD JUN
PY 1995
VL 66
IS 6
BP 237
EP 243
DI 10.1002/srin.199501118
PG 7
GA RF456
UT WOS:A1995RF45600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU INOUE, R
SUITO, H
AF INOUE, R
SUITO, H
TI CALCIUM DESULFURIZATION EQUILIBRIUM IN LIQUID-IRON
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CAO-AL2O3 MELTS; OXYGEN; SULFUR; STEEL; SLAGS; SOLUBILITY; NITROGEN
AB Sulfur distribution ratios between CaO-Al2O3 slags and liquid iron were measured
at 1873 K as a function of aluminum content using an alumina or a lime crucible.
Activity coefficients of CaS relative to a solid standard state were obtained as
52+/-2.6 and 23+/-1.7 for the CaO-Al2O3 slags saturated with an Al2O3 and a CaO
crucible, respectively, in the concentration range up to the CaS solubility limit.
From these results, logarithm of the equilibrium constant, log K(CaS), for the
calcium desulfurization reaction CaS(s) = Ca + S and the first-order interaction
parameter e(S)Ca (e(S)Ca) were estimated to be -8.72+/-0.27 and -269+/-28 (-336+/-
35), respectively.
RP INOUE, R (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST ADV MAT PROC,SENDAI,MIYAGI
980,JAPAN.
CR CAMERON J, 1966, J IRON STEEL I, V204, P1223
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NR 26
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 3
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD OCT
PY 1994
VL 65
IS 10
BP 403
EP 409
DI 10.1002/srin.199401184
PG 7
GA PR358
UT WOS:A1994PR35800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, Y
Zhang, LF
AF Ren, Ying
Zhang, Lifeng
TI Thermodynamic Model for Prediction of Slag-Steel-Inclusion Reactions of
304 Stainless Steels
LA English
DT Article
DE thermodynamic model; slag; inclusions; 304 stainless steels
ID OF-THE-ART; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; REOXIDATION
BEHAVIOR; MOLTEN STEEL; LIQUID-IRON; CALCIUM; ALUMINUM;
304-STAINLESS-STEEL; DESULFURIZATION
AB A thermodynamic model was developed to predict slag steel inclusion reactions of
304 stainless steels. The dissolved aluminum in the steel, the sulfur distribution
ratio and the composition of inclusions equilibrated with varying slags were
predicted using the current model. The model can also be widely used to predict the
liquid fraction of inclusions. For Al-killed 304 stainless steels, the optimized
composition of CaO Al2O3 SiO2 MgO slags is proposed to modify solid Al2O3
inclusions to liquid CaO Al2O3 MgO at 1 873 K. For Si-Mn-killed 304 stainless
steels, the optimized composition of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-20%CaF2 slags is suggested
to suppress the formation of Al2O3 MgO in SiO2 CaO MnO MgO Al2O3 inclusions and
lower their melting temperatures.
C1 [Ren, Ying; Zhang, Lifeng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, 30
Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Engn, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
FU National Science Foundation China [51274034, 51334002, 51404019];
Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and Extraction of Metals
(GREM); Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling (GPM2); High
Quality steel Consortium (HQSC) at the School of Metallurgical and
Ecological Engineering at University of Science and Technology Beijing
(USTB), China
FX The authors are grateful for support from the National Science
Foundation China (Grant No. 51274034, No. 51334002, and No. 51404019),
(GREM), the Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling
(GPM2) and the High Quality steel Consortium (HQSC) at the
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering at University of
Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China.
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NR 49
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 39
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 1
BP 68
EP 75
PG 8
GA EJ0FU
UT WOS:000392884800010
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, Y
Zheng, HY
Dong, Y
Jiang, X
Shen, YS
Shen, FM
AF Sun, Yu
Zheng, Haiyan
Dong, Yue
Jiang, Xin
Shen, Yansong
Shen, Fengman
TI Melting and separation behavior of slag and metal phases in metallized
pellets obtained from the direct-reduction process of vanadium-bearing
titanomagnetite
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERAL PROCESSING
LA English
CT 2nd Australia-China Joint Symposium of Minerals and Metallurgy
CY JUL 23-25, 2014
CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA
DE Vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite; Metallized pellet; Melting and
separation
AB With increasing attention to environment and energy issues, it is important to
utilize vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite resource effectively in ironmaking
industry. In this paper, melting and separation behavior of metallization pellets
produced in a direct-reduction process of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite was
studied. The results showed that the effective separation of slag and metal phases
could be obtained in which over 95% Fe was transferred into metal phase and over
90% Ti was remained in slag under the conditions of reducing atmosphere and
complete carburizing; there were some inclusions of residual carbon and sulfur in
the metal phase; the main components in the slag are geikielite, titanium oxide,
aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, and a small amount of iron and its oxides;
the complete separation of slag and metal phases was achieved at the condition of
1500 degrees C, holding time of 50 min, reducing atmosphere, and limited
carburization; it was considered that the melting and separation process of
metallization pellet could be divided into three stages of which slag and metal
respectively and sequentially melted and gathered, the molten slag leaked while
metallized pellet shrank, and then the slag and metal phases separated from each
other completely. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Yu; Zheng, Haiyan; Dong, Yue; Jiang, Xin; Shen, Fengman] Northeastern
Univ, Sch Mat & Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Yansong] Monash Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
C3 Northeastern University - China; Monash University
RP Zheng, HY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Mat & Met, Shenyang
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NR 47
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 23
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0301-7516
EI 1879-3525
J9 INT J MINER PROCESS
JI Int. J. Miner. Process.
PD SEP 10
PY 2015
VL 142
SI SI
BP 119
EP 124
DI 10.1016/j.minpro.2015.04.002
PG 6
GA CR8CS
UT WOS:000361579300018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gil, A
Albeniz, S
Korili, SA
AF Gil, A.
Albeniz, S.
Korili, S. A.
TI Valorization of the saline slags generated during secondary aluminium
melting processes as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from
aqueous solutions
LA English
DT Article
DE Saline slags; Secondary aluminium; Industrial wastes; Heavy metal
cations; Adsorption
ID ACTIVATED RED MUD; INDUSTRY WASTE; SURFACE-AREA; SALT CAKE; MANAGEMENT;
ADSORPTION; SORPTION; DYE
AB This work describes the surface properties of saline slags generated during
secondary aluminium melting processes and the application of these materials as
adsorbents for the removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous
solutions. Saline slags were chemically treated with aqueous solutions of HNO3,
H2SO4 and NaOH of varying concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mol/dm(3)) for 0.5,
4 and 24 h. Nitrogen adsorption at -196 degrees C was used to study the textural
properties of the solids. The specific surface area and pore volume decrease as the
chemical reagent concentrations and duration of the treatments increase. Solids
with a surface area of up to 109 m(2)/g are obtained. The adsorption of heavy metal
ions has been studied in terms of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order
kinetics, and several isotherm models have also been applied to the equilibrium
adsorption data at various values. The adsorption capacity of the saline slags was
maintained after several cycles of reuse. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Gil, A.; Albeniz, S.; Korili, S. A.] Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Appl Chem, E-31006
Pamplona, Spain.
RP Gil, A (corresponding author), Univ Publ Navarra, Dept Appl Chem, Bldg Los
Acebos,Campus Arrosadia, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
FU Spanish Ministry of Environment [A554/2007/3-11.1]
FX This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Environment
(A554/2007/3-11.1). The authors thank Iberica de Aleaciones Ligeras,
Ltd., IDALSA, for the provided information.
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NR 24
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 42
PI LAUSANNE
SN 1385-8947
EI 1873-3212
J9 CHEM ENG J
JI Chem. Eng. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2014
VL 251
BP 43
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.cej.2014.04.056
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA AL0FJ
UT WOS:000338802500006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Molian, R
Neumann, C
Shrotriya, P
Molian, P
AF Molian, Raathai
Neumann, Clayton
Shrotriya, Pranav
Molian, Pal
TI Novel laser/water-jet hybrid manufacturing process for cutting ceramics
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE laser cutting; water-jet; ceramics; thermal stresses; precision
machining
ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; KINETICS
AB Laser and water-jet manufacturing processes are independently used to cut
monolithic and composite ceramics. While these processes offer many advantages over
diamond sawing and other abrasive processes, the energy efficiency, precision,
cutting speed, and environmental threats remain as barriers to their continued
success. This is partly attributed to the material removal mechanisms, which are
melting, and subsequent evaporation (laser) and energy-intensive erosive wear
(water jet). In this paper, we describe a novel laser and water-jet (LWJ) hybrid
manufacturing process that enables the synergistic effects of CO2 laser and
pressurized pure water jet, facilitating precise material removal by thermal shock-
induced fracture and overcoming the deficiencies listed above. Experiments of the
LWJ effects on the cutting of aluminum nitride, an electronic ceramic substrate,
are presented. The most exciting results are very narrow kerf dictated by the crack
width; the absence of thermally affected zone, slag formation, chemical
decomposition; and controlled thermal cracking, implying that the LWJ process is
far superior to conventional laser cutting of ceramics. The LWJ process also
improved the surface finish while reducing energy losses in the process. The
practical realization of the LWJ manufacturing process could be a potential
alternative to diamond saw, high-power laser, and high-pressure abrasive water-jet
methods for machining hard and brittle ceramics.
C1 [Molian, Raathai; Neumann, Clayton; Shrotriya, Pranav; Molian, Pal] Iowa State
Univ, Lab Lasers MEMS & Nanotechnol, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
C3 Iowa State University
RP Molian, P (corresponding author), Iowa State Univ, Lab Lasers MEMS &
Nanotechnol, Dept Mech Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM molian@iastate.edu
RI Shrotriya, Pranav/F-5960-2011
OI Shrotriya, Pranav/0000-0001-9263-4892
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NR 19
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 30
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1087-1357
EI 1528-8935
J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME
JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD JUN
PY 2008
VL 130
IS 3
AR 031008
DI 10.1115/1.2844592
PG 10
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 324RK
UT WOS:000257535500008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chung, YS
Cramb, AW
AF Chung, YS
Cramb, AW
TI Direct observation of spontaneous emulsification and associated
interfacial phenomena at the slag-steel interface
SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL
AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
CT Meeting on Marangoni and Interfacial Phenomena in Materials Processing
CY JUN 04-05, 1997
CL LONDON, ENGLAND
DE X-ray photography; spontaneous emulsification; interfacial tension;
steel-slag interface; casting
ID IRON
AB Interfacial tension decreases drastically when an intense chemical reaction
occurs at a steel-slag interface. This phenomenon results in spontaneous droplet
spreading during the initial period of reaction and droplet recovery as the rate of
reaction decreases. In the present work, spreading tendency was found to be
associated with spontaneous emulsification of both steel in slag and slag in steel.
Spontaneous emulsification was observed at 1550 degrees C when a liquid Fe3.28%Al
alloy droplet was placed in contact with liquid CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 (40:40:20 by weight)
slag.
Surface turbulence induced metal emulsification and droplet spreading was
observed by X-ray photography. Spontaneous droplet spreading was noted at alloy
aluminium contents as low as 0.25%. Spontaneous emulsification was steel into slag
was documented at aluminium contents greater than 3%. From the observation of
quenched Fe-3.28%Al alloy droplets by optical and scanning electron microscopy,
slag entrapment and metal emulsification were documented and the metal-slag
interface was shown to be extremely perturbed during the reaction of aluminium with
silica.
RP Chung, YS (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
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NR 12
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 13
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-503X
J9 PHILOS T R SOC A
JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD APR 15
PY 1998
VL 356
IS 1739
BP 981
EP 993
DI 10.1098/rsta.1998.0202
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA ZM298
UT WOS:000073524500023
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, SW
Pan, J
Zhu, DQ
Guo, ZQ
Shi, Y
Dong, T
Lu, SH
Tian, HY
AF Li, Siwei
Pan, Jian
Zhu, Deqing
Guo, Zhengqi
Shi, Yue
Dong, Tao
Lu, Shenghu
Tian, Hongyu
TI A new route for separation and recovery of Fe, Al and Ti from red mud
LA English
DT Article
DE Red mud; Pre-reducing-smelting; Alkaline leaching; Acid leaching;
Stepwise extraction
ID REDUCTION-MAGNETIC SEPARATION; BAUXITE RESIDUE; COPPER SLAG; IRON;
WASTE; NEUTRALIZATION; ALUMINUM; ELEMENTS; WATER
AB Red mud is one kind of by-products rejected from industrial production of
alumina plant and characterized by high content of alkaline and containing many
valuable metals such as iron, aluminum, titanium, etc. It is urgent to effectively
utilize red mud for the sustainable development of aluminum metallurgy industry. In
this paper, a new route was proposed to fully recover Fe, Al2O3 and TiO2 from the
red mud, which includes three procedures, i.e. pre-reducing-smelting, alkaline
leaching and acid leaching. The pre-reducing-smelting step was employed to recover
iron from the mud, producing pig iron at an iron recovery of some 98.15% and slag
containing 43.17% Al2O3 and 15.71%TiO2, respectively. Then, based on the thermal
dynamic calculations, a modification of the slag-alkaline leaching and hydrochloric
acid leaching process were conducted to obtain the stepwise recovery of Al2O3 and
TiO2, respectively, from the smelting slag. Aluminum and titanium were recovered in
the form of sodium aluminum solution and perovskite at a recovery of 85.85% and
95.53%, respectively. The innovative route is probably a potential way to achieve
comprehensive and clean utilization of red mud.
C1 [Li, Siwei; Pan, Jian; Zhu, Deqing; Guo, Zhengqi; Shi, Yue; Dong, Tao; Lu,
Shenghu; Tian, Hongyu] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Room 322 Biol
Bldg, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Pan, J; Zhu, DQ (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc &
Bioengn, Room 322 Biol Bldg, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM swli@csu.edu.cn; pjcsu@csu.edu.cn; dqzhu@csu.edu.cn
FU Co-Innovation Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic
Metal Mineral Resources of Hunan Province; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51474161]; Innovation-driven Project of Guangxi
Zhuang Autonomous Region [AA18242003, AA148242003]
FX The authors wish to express thanks to Co-Innovation Center for Clean and
Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources of Hunan
Province and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51474161)
and Innovation-driven Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Nos.
AA18242003, AA148242003). Which supplied us the facilities and funds to
fulfill the experiments.
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NR 35
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 15
U2 94
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
EI 1879-0658
PD MAY
PY 2021
VL 168
AR 105314
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105314
EA MAR 2021
PG 10
GA SM0FP
UT WOS:000657289000051
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Li, Y
Fan, HL
Wang, T
Guo, MX
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Li, Yang
Fan, Hongli
Wang, Tao
Guo, Mingxi
Fang, Yitian
TI Investigation on fusion characteristics of deposition from biomass
vibrating grate furnace combustion and its modification
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass combustion; Deposition; Fusion characteristics; Additives;
Variation mechanism
ID FLUIDIZED-BED GASIFICATION; ASH-FUSION; SINTERING CHARACTERISTICS;
TEMPERATURE COAL; ALUMINUM COAL; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; BEHAVIORS; SLAG; STRAW;
AGGLOMERATION
AB To mitigate increasing environmental pressures, biomass is becoming a crucial
alternative energy source worldwide. Ash fusion characteristics of biomass has
closely related to ash-related problems during its conversion. The fusion
characteristics of cotton stalk (CS), the deposition from CS vibrating grate
furnace combustion (D-CS), and their modification mechanisms were investigated. The
results indicate the sintering temperature (T-s) and ash fusion temperature (AFT)
of D-CS are lower than that of CS. Kaolinite causes obvious increases in the T-s
and flow temperature, while the additions of calcite and Ca-sludge waste (Ca-W)
make Dcs deformation temperature increase more obviously than that of flow
temperature. That an increase in kalsilite content and leucite formation make the
mixture T-s and AFT increase with increasing kaolinite proportion; the replacement
of K+ in the silicates by Ca2+ causes the formations of high melting point Ca2+
silicates (e.g., rankinite and wollastonite) with increasing calcite or Ca-W, which
makes their T-s and AFT increase. It is found that the deformation temperature
corresponds to the temperature at which its liquid phase content at 15% or so based
on FactSage calculation. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Fan, Hongli; Wang, Tao; Guo, Mingxi] Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem
Engn, Heze 274015, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Li, Yang] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo
RP Li, FH (corresponding author), Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015,
Shandong, Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com
RI guo, mingxi/ABB-3916-2020; LI, feng/HIR-1703-2022
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [21875059]; Strategic Priority
Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA07050103];
Natural Science Foundations of Shandong Province, China [ZR2018MB037,
ZR2017BB063, ZR2014BM014]
China (21875059), Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences (XDA07050103), and the Natural Science Foundations
of Shandong Province, China (ZR2018MB037, ZR2017BB063, ZR2014BM014).
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NR 52
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 37
PI OXFORD
SN 0360-5442
EI 1873-6785
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD MAY 1
PY 2019
VL 174
BP 724
EP 734
DI 10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.154
PG 11
GA IA1HF
UT WOS:000469309200063
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Duan, SC
Shi, X
Mao, MT
Yang, WS
Han, SW
Guo, HJ
Guo, J
AF Duan, Shengchao
Shi, Xiao
Mao, Mingtao
Yang, Wensheng
Han, Shaowei
Guo, Hanjie
Guo, Jing
TI Investigation of the Oxidation Behaviour of Ti and Al in Inconel 718
Superalloy During Electroslag Remelting
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; TITANIUM; STEEL; SLAG;
ALUMINUM; SILICON; ESR; DEOXIDATION; INCLUSION
AB In the current study, the thermodynamics of the slag-metal equilibrium reaction
between Inconel 718 Ni-based alloy and CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2 electroslag
remelting (ESR)-type slags were systematically investigated in the temperature
range from 1773 to 1973 K (1500 to 1700 degrees C). The equilibrium Al content
increased with increasing temperature, whereas the equilibrium Ti content decreased
with increasing temperature at a fixed slag composition. The important factors for
controlling the oxidation of Al and Ti in the Inconel 718 superalloy were TiO2 >
Al2O3 > CaO > CaF2 > MgO in ESR-type slag and Al > Ti in a consumable electrode.
The conventional method of sampling by means of a quartz tube could result in
contamination of the molten metal and changes in the size of the "special reaction
interface". Therefore, a novel method was used in the present study to investigate
the slag-metal reaction kinetics to accurately obtain the kinetic parameters. The
mass transfer coefficient was determined by coupling with the kinetic model derived
from the assumption that the reaction rate ([Al] + (TiO2) = [Ti] + (Al2O3)) was
controlled by the mass transfer of [Ti], [Al], (TiO2) and (Al2O3) in the boundary
layer, respectively.
C1 [Duan, Shengchao; Shi, Xiao; Mao, Mingtao; Yang, Wensheng; Han, Shaowei; Guo,
Hanjie; Guo, Jing] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Duan, Shengchao; Shi, Xiao; Yang, Wensheng; Han, Shaowei; Guo, Hanjie; Guo,
Jing] Beijing Key Lab Special Melting & Preparat High E, Beijing 100083, Peoples R
China.
[Mao, Mingtao] CISRI, Res Inst High Temp Mat, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Central Iron & Steel
Research Institute
RP Guo, HJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Guo, HJ (corresponding author), Beijing Key Lab
Special Melting & Preparat High E, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM guohanjie@ustb.edu.cn
RI Duan, Sheng-chao/J-3331-2019
OI Duan, Sheng-chao/0000-0001-5007-3601; Guo, Han-jie/0000-0002-6493-8853
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1560203, 51274031]
FX The author (Shengchao Duan) would like to express their sincere thanks
to Dr. Fei Wang of Research Institute of High Temperature Materials,
Central Iron and Steel Research Institute (CISRI) helped to design the
experimental apparatus. Ph.D. Bin Li, Shao-ying Li and Xue-liang Zhang
of School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, and Professor
Cheng-bin Shi as well as Ph.D. Ding-li Zheng of State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Metallurgy (SKL) at University of Science and Technology
Beijing (USTB) contributed to the discussion of the results. The authors
are also thankful to the financial support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Nos U1560203 and 51274031).
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TC 26
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 51
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD MAR 27
PY 2018
VL 8
AR 5232
DI 10.1038/s41598-018-23556-3
PG 14
GA GA5IK
UT WOS:000428366700012
PM 29588460
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, D
Jiang, ZH
Dong, YW
Gong, W
Cao, YL
Cao, HB
AF Hou, Dong
Jiang, Zhou-Hua
Dong, Yan-Wu
Gong, Wei
Cao, Yu-Long
Cao, Hai-bo
TI Effect of Slag Composition on the Oxidation Kinetics of Alloying
Elements during Electroslag Remelting of Stainless Steel: Part-2 Control
of Titanium and Aluminum Content
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag remelting; kinetics; mass transfer; titanium control; ion
and molecule coexistence theory
ID SILICON
AB Kinetics of slag/metal reaction were investigated experimentally using 50 kg
electroslag remelting (ESR) furnace in order to clarify the effect of slag
containing different CaO and TiO2 content on titanium, aluminum and silicon content
during the ESR process with 1Cr21Ni5Ti stainless steel. The results obtained show
that the more CaO content in slag is, the more aluminum content in ingots
increases. The Ig([Al](4)/[Ti](3)) increases with the increase of slag temperature
in the first 13 minutes during the ESR process, and after the slag temperature
tends to be stable, the Ig([Al](4)/[Ti](3)) decreases with the increase of TiO2
content in the rest process. The penetration and film theories were employed to
analyze the rate determining step of slag/metal reaction, and it was found that the
rate determining step of the reaction was the mass transfer of aluminum through the
molten steel, silica through the slag and titanium on both of the metal and slag
sides. The slag containing low CaO content combined with extra titania constantly
added into molten slag in the first temperature-rising period is suitable for
electroslag remelting of 1Cr21Ni5Ti stainless steel with high titanium and low
aluminum content.
C1 [Hou, Dong; Jiang, Zhou-Hua; Dong, Yan-Wu; Gong, Wei; Cao, Yu-Long; Cao, Hai-bo]
RP Jiang, ZH (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
OI Jiang, Zhouhua/0000-0001-8887-7250
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [U1560203, 51274266];
Baosteel Group Corporation [U1560203]
FX This project is supported by Joint Research Fund of National Nature
Science Foundation of China and Baosteel Group Corporation with the
grant No. U1560203, and it is also supported by the National Nature
Science Foundation of China with the grant No. 51274266.
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NR 13
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 10
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 8
BP 1410
EP 1419
PG 10
GA FE7RF
UT WOS:000408403900015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, TS
Liu, CJ
Qiu, JY
Li, XB
Jiang, MF
AF Zhang, Tongsheng
Liu, Chengjun
Qiu, Jiyu
Li, Xiaobing
Jiang, Maofa
TI Effect of Ti Content on the Characteristics of Inclusions in Al-Ti-Ca
Complex Deoxidized Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium; titanium; inclusion; deoxidation; thermodynamic
ID LIQUID-IRON; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; NONMETALLIC INCLUSION; OXYGEN
EQUILIBRIUM; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; KILLED STEEL; MG ADDITION; EVOLUTION;
THERMODYNAMICS; ALUMINUM
AB Experiments with different titanium addition were carried out in alumina
crucible without slag at 1 873 K to investigate the variation of inclusion
composition, size and morphology in Al-Ti-Ca complex deoxidized steel. The samples
exacted from the experimental steels were analyzed by field emission scanning
electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Titanium
influence significantly on the morphology, size distribution and composition of
oxide inclusions in Al-Ca deoxidized steels, and the inclusions characteristics
vary with titanium content. Liquid oxide inclusions are promptly modified by
titanium. On the other hand, titanium can also change solid calcium aluminate
inclusions into spherical ones in the melts similarly, but there are a number of
inhomogeneous inclusions in molten steel at the initial stage. Therefore, to modify
inclusions better, the content of titanium and calcium in molten steel should be
controlled simultaneously during the production process.
C1 [Zhang, Tongsheng; Qiu, Jiyu; Jiang, Maofa] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat,
POB 313, 3-11,Wenhua Rd,Heping Dist, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Chengjun] Northeast Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Inst Ferrous Met, POB 313,3-
11,Wenhua Rd,Heping Dist, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaobing] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Lab Ecol Met Multimetall Min
Minist Educ, POB 313, 3-11,Wenhua Rd,Heping Dist, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
C3 Northeastern University - China; Northeastern University - China;
Northeastern University - China
RP Li, XB (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Min Minist Educ, POB 313, 3-11,Wenhua Rd,Heping Dist, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM lixb_neu@sina.com
RI li, xiao/GSN-6181-2022; li, xiaofeng/GXF-9442-2022; liu,
xinyu/IWD-6630-2023
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
[N120602005]
FX The authors wish to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 51374059 and No. 51374060) and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities of China (No. N120602005) for their
financial support for the current study.
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NR 64
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 26
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 2
BP 314
EP 321
PG 8
GA EO4CO
UT WOS:000396642300014
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, WJ
Bao, YP
Wang, M
Zhao, DW
AF Ma, W. -J.
Bao, Y. -P.
Wang, M.
Zhao, D. W.
TI Influence of slag composition on bearing steel cleanness
LA English
DT Article
DE Bearing steel; Cleanness; Slag; Inclusion
ID INCLUSIONS
AB Al2O3 and high Al2O3 content composite oxides are the main types of inclusions
in aluminium killed bearing steel, and these also have the most significant impact
on rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life. The calculation results in the phase diagram
by using the FactSage showed that the activity of Al2O3 reached the minimum with
the slag composition in a low melting point area at a MgO content less than 5%; a
basicity of 5 to 8 and a ratio of CaO/Al2O3 of 1.5 to 2.0 in slag. This slag was
most effective in improving the absorption ability of slag for inclusions in
bearing steel. By using the experimental slag, the total oxygen could be reduced to
7-10 ppm at Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group Company (HIRGC).
C1 [Ma, W. -J.; Bao, Y. -P.; Wang, M.; Zhao, D. W.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
[Ma, W. -J.; Bao, Y. -P.; Wang, M.; Zhao, D. W.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch
Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing
RP Ma, WJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM mawenjun2929@163.com
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TC 26
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U1 2
U2 19
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JAN
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 1
BP 26
EP 30
DI 10.1179/1743281212Y.0000000096
PG 5
GA AE6OZ
UT WOS:000334114700005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hessien, MM
Kashiwaya, Y
Ishii, K
Nasr, MI
El-Geassy, AA
AF Hessien, M. M.
Kashiwaya, Y.
Ishii, K.
Nasr, M. I.
El-Geassy, A. A.
TI Sintering and heating reduction processes of alumina containing iron ore
samples
LA English
DT Article
DE iron ore sinter; alumina; structure; reduction; microanalysis; silico
calcium aluminium ferrite; haematite; magnetite; iron; slag
ID SLAG-GRAPHITE WETTABILITY; REACTION-KINETICS; MINERAL PHASES;
BLAST-FURNACE; BEHAVIOR; AL2O3
AB Alumina containing iron ore samples (0.7-5.5%Al2O3) were sintered in a down
draft sinter pot. The structures of the produced sinters were microscopically
examined and the different phases developed were identified. Electron probe micro
analyser (EPMA) was used for the quantitative analysis of Fe, Ca, Si, Mn and Al in
different phases. Silico ferrite of calcium and alumina (SFCA) phase sinter was
identified and its stability was Al2O3 content dependent. In sinter containing <=
1.5%Al2O3, SFCA was dissociated at higher temperatures to porous magnetite and
silicate melt. In samples containing >= 2.5% Al2O3, SFCA was stable and its
quantity increased with increasing alumina content. The non-isothermal reduction of
sinter samples was carried out using a heating reduction technique with the
facility of following up the high temperature phenomena during reduction process.
X-ray observations, reduction rate profile and the gasification rate were used for
the determination of high temperature properties of samples. In the gas-solid
reduction region, Al2O3 increased the reduction rate (RDR) at the initial stage up
to 1073 K and the RDR increases with increasing Al2O3 content up to 2.5%. At > 1073
K, the RDR was relatively slower due to the presence of primary low melt slag
containing alumina. For sinter containing.2.5% Al2O3, the lowering in RDR and total
reduction degree (TRD) starts to decrease with increasing Al2O3 content as a result
of the formation of SFCA phase which has a good reducibility and as a consequence
of the decrease in the quantity of the primary low melt slag containing alumina. No
more than >= 2.5% Al2O3 in the slag results in a harmful effect on the high
temperature properties while higher alumina content in sinter leads to the
formation of SFCA which improves the high temperature reduction properties.
C1 [Hessien, M. M.; Nasr, M. I.; El-Geassy, A. A.] CMRDI, Cairo, Egypt.
[Kashiwaya, Y.; Ishii, K.] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Engn, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060,
Japan.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Central Metallurgical Research &
Development Institute (CMRDI); Hokkaido University
RP Hessien, MM (corresponding author), CMRDI, POB 87 Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
EM hessien@hotmail.com
RI Hessien, Mahmoud/CAJ-3142-2022; Hessien, Mahmoud M./AFW-2870-2022
OI Hessien, Mahmoud/0000-0003-2607-0050; Hessien, Mahmoud
M./0000-0003-2607-0050; El-Geassy, Abdel-Hady/0000-0002-2382-0568
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NR 24
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 20
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD APR
PY 2008
VL 35
IS 3
BP 191
EP 204
DI 10.1179/030192307X239551
PG 14
GA 301FK
UT WOS:000255881600006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, HB
Jiang, ZH
Shen, MH
You, XM
AF Li Hua-bing
Jiang Zhou-hua
Shen Ming-hui
You Xiang-mi
TI High nitrogen austenitic stainless steels manufactured by nitrogen gas
alloying and adding nitrided ferroalloys
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrogen gas alloying; nitrided ferroalloy; high nitrogen austenitic
stainless steel; vacuum induction melting; electroslag remelting
AB A simple and feasible method for the production of high nitrogen austenitic
stainless steels involves nitrogen gas alloying and adding nitrided ferroalloys
under normal atmospheric conditions. Alloying by nitrogen gas bubbling in Fe-Cr-Mn-
Mo series alloys was carried out in MoSiz resistance furnace and air induction
furnace under normal atmospheric conditions. The results showed that nitrogen
alloying could be accelerated by increasing nitrogen gas flow rate, prolonging
residence time of bubbles, increasing gas/molten steel interfaces, and decreasing
the sulphur and oxygen contents in molten steel. Nitrogen content of 0.69% in
18Cr18Mn was obtained using air induction furnace by bubbling of nitrogen gas from
porous plug. In addition, the nickel-free, high nitrogen austenitic stainless
steels with sound and compact macrostructure had been produced in the laboratory
using vacuum induction furnace and electroslag remelting furnace under nitrogen
atmosphere by the addition of nitrided alloy with the maximum nitrogen content of
0.81%. Pores were observed in the ingots obtained by melting and casting in vacuum
induction furnace with the addition of nitrided ferroalloys and under nitrogen
atmosphere. After electroslag remelting of the cast ingots, they were all sound and
were free of pores. The yield of nitrogen increased with the decrease of melting
rate in the ESR process. Due to electroslag remelting under nitrogen atmosphere and
the consequential addition of aluminum as deoxidizer to the slag, the loss of
manganese decreased obviously. There existed mainly irregular Al2O3 inclusions and
MnS inclusions in ESR ingots, and the size of most of the inclusions was less than
5 mu m. After homogenization of the hot rolled plate at 1 150 degrees C X 1 h
followed by water quenching, the microstructure consisted of homogeneous austenite.
C1 Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Li, HB (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
EM huabing_li@163.com
RI 李, 花兵/IQU-2254-2023
OI 李, 花兵/0000-0002-4182-9486
CR Jiang ZH, 2005, STEEL RES INT, V76, P740, DOI 10.1002/srin.200506090
Mudali U.K., 2004, HIGH NITROGEN STEELS
Paton BE, 2004, J MATER SCI, V39, P7269, DOI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000048741.47509.b3
Simmons JW, 1996, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V207, P159, DOI 10.1016/0921-
5093(95)09991-3
Stein G, 2004, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V19, P7, DOI 10.1081/AMP-120027494
NR 5
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD MAY
PY 2007
VL 14
IS 3
BP 63
EP 68
PG 6
GA 183EE
UT WOS:000247554700012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Murgier, S
Zanni, H
Gouvenot, D
AF Murgier, S
Zanni, H
Gouvenot, D
TI Blast furnace slag cement:: a 29Si and 27Al NMR
study
SO COMPTES RENDUS CHIMIE
LA English
CT 18th GERM Conference
CY MAY 18-23, 2003
CL Batz sur Mer, FRANCE
DE ground granulated blast-furnace slag; NMR
ID C-S-H; HYDRATION; ALUMINUM
AB Ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) is a secondary product of cast-iron
industry that can be used like a standard hydraulic binder. Nevertheless, it
requires a chemical activation to start the slag-hydration process. In this work,
four activators are studied. Solid-state NMR and mechanical compression tests are
used to determine the hydration products microstructure and performances. (C) 2004
Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
C1 ESPCI, CNRS, UMR 7636, Phys & Mecan Milieux Heterogenes Lab, F-75231 Paris 05,
France.
Soletanche Bachy France, F-92000 Nanterre, France.
C3 Sorbonne Universite; Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering &
Systems Sciences (INSIS); Universite PSL; Ecole Superieure de Physique
et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI)
RP Murgier, S (corresponding author), ESPCI, CNRS, UMR 7636, Phys & Mecan Milieux
Heterogenes Lab, 10,Rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris 05, France.
EM smurgier@pmmh.espci.fr
CR Andersen MD, 2003, INORG CHEM, V42, P2280, DOI 10.1021/ic020607b
[Anonymous], NUCL MAGNETIC RESONA
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NR 18
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 28
PU ACAD SCIENCES
PI PARIS
PA 23 QUAI DE CONTI, PARIS, FRANCE
SN 1631-0748
EI 1878-1543
J9 CR CHIM
JI C. R. Chim.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2004
VL 7
IS 3-4
BP 389
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.crci.2004.02.004
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 825WJ
UT WOS:000221789100026
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, HL
Liu, B
Shi, ZS
Zhao, SZ
Zhang, JJ
Zhang, SG
AF Shen, Hanlin
Liu, Bo
Shi, Zhisheng
Zhao, Shizhen
Zhang, Junjie
Zhang, Shengen
TI Reduction for heavy metals in pickling sludge with aluminum nitride in
secondary aluminum dross by pyrometallurgy, followed by glass ceramics
manufacture
LA English
DT Article
DE Secondary aluminum dross (SAD); Pickling sludge; Reduction by aluminum
nitride (AlN); Heavy metals; Glass ceramics
ID HYDROLYSIS
AB Secondary aluminum dross (SAD) from aluminum industry is classified as a
hazardous solid waste due to containing aluminum nitride (AlN). In this work, AlN
was first used to reduce heavy metals by pyrometallurgy. The reduction rates for
iron, chromium and nickel were up to 90%, 80% and 100%, respectively. However, the
reduction from AlN and oxygen oxidization of AlN occurred simultaneously. AlN which
formed solid solution with alumina could reduce heavy metals, while the rest was
oxidized by oxygen. In addition, the reduction rates for iron and chromium could be
increased with increasing CaF2 from 6.7 to 9.0 wt%. CaF2 could decreased viscosity
of molten slag, which favored the ion migration, and then increased the reduction
rates. After the reduction, glass ceramics were manufactured from the molten slags.
The bending strength, microhardness and alkali resistance of the glass ceramics
were up to 77 MPa, 1011 HV and 98.7%, respectively. According to XRD and SEM
results, glass ceramics with CaAl2SiO6 crystal phase, crosslinked network structure
grains and smaller pores exhibited better bending resistance. In addition, glass
ceramics with CaAl2SiO6 crystal phase possessed the highest microhardness and
alkali resistance. After this process, hazardous pickling sludge and SAD were
totally recycled.
C1 [Shen, Hanlin; Liu, Bo; Shi, Zhisheng; Zhao, Shizhen; Zhang, Junjie; Zhang,
Shengen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv Mat & Technol, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, SG (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv Mat &
Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM zhangshengen@mater.ustb.edu.cn
RI zhang, junjie/HIK-4860-2022; Shen, Hanlin/IVH-1336-2023
OI Zhang, Junjie/0000-0003-3425-2794
FU National Key RD Projects [2019YFC1907101, 2019YFC1907103,
2017YFB0702304]; Key R&D Project in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
[2020BCE01001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [U2002212,
51672024]; Xijiang Inno-vation and Entrepreneurship Team [2017A0109004];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-BD-20-24A,
FRF-TP-20-031A1, FRF-IC-19-017Z, FRF-GF-19-032B, 06500141]; State Key
Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials [2019Z-05]; Integration of
Green Key Process Systems MIIT
FX This work was sponsored by the National Key R&D Projects (Grants No.
2019YFC1907101, 2019YFC1907103, 2017YFB0702304) , Key R&D Project in
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Grants No.2020BCE01001) , key and normal
projects National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No.
U2002212, 51672024) , Xijiang Inno-vation and Entrepreneurship Team
(Grants No. 2017A0109004) , the Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (Grants No. FRF-BD-20-24A, FRF-TP-20-031A1,
FRF-IC-19-017Z, FRF-GF-19-032B, 06500141) , Financial support from the
State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials (Grants No.
2019Z-05) and Integration of Green Key Process Systems MIIT. The authors
would like to thank the editor for editing of the manuscript and the
anonymous reviewers for their detailed and helpful comments.
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NR 34
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 13
U2 69
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-3894
EI 1873-3336
J9 J HAZARD MATER
PD SEP 15
PY 2021
VL 418
AR 126331
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126331
EA JUN 2021
PG 10
GA UL3YE
UT WOS:000692589800001
PM 34329004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, SK
Wang, M
Tan, HZ
Wang, XB
Yang, WJ
Xiong, XH
Yang, FX
AF Zhou, Shangkun
Wang, Meng
Tan, Houzhang
Wang, Xuebin
Yang, Wenjun
Xiong, Xiaohe
Yang, Fuxin
TI Evaluation of aluminum ash in alleviating the ash deposition of
high-sodium and high-iron coal
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE High-sodium coal; High-iron coal; Aluminum ash; Ash fusion temperatures;
Ash deposition; Sodium capture
ID ZHUNDONG COAL; MELTING BEHAVIOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; COMBUSTION; CALCIUM;
VERMICULITE; FE2O3
AB The high sodium and high iron contents induce severe ash deposition in
pulverized coal boiler. Additive injection technology is deemed as an effective
solution to solve these problems. This work is to evaluate the effect of aluminum
ash on alleviating the ash deposition of high-sodium and high-iron coal. Results
show that sodium vapor volatilizes, condenses and forms a viscous bottom layer,
then the co-melting behavior of sodium-containing mineral and calcium
aluminosilicate causes the ash deposition of high-sodium coal, and the co-melting
behavior of Fe2O3 and calcium aluminosilicate causes the ash deposition of high-
iron coal. When the addition ratio of aluminum ash reaches 4%, ST (softening
temperature) and FT (flowing temperature) of mixed ash sample are close to and
exceed 1773 K, meanwhile, slag types of ash deposit are transformed from molten
slag and viscous slag to attached ash. Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 in aluminum ash can
inhibit the interaction between sodium, iron and calcium aluminosilicate, making
the particles less sticky. The optimum temperature of aluminum ash for sodium
capture is 823 K. Aluminum ash has a better sodium capture ability for high-sodium
coal than high-iron coal. Based on the above analysis, this work also provides the
blending strategies of additives due to the different ash deposition mechanisms of
coal.
C1 [Zhou, Shangkun; Wang, Meng; Tan, Houzhang; Wang, Xuebin; Yang, Wenjun; Xiong,
Xiaohe; Yang, Fuxin] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Thermofluid Sci & Engn, Xian
C3 Xi'an Jiaotong University
RP Tan, HZ (corresponding author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, MOE Key Lab Thermofluid
Sci & Engn, Xian 710049, Peoples R China.
EM hzt@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
RI Zhou, Shangkun/HLH-1640-2023; Wang, Xuebin/C-7203-2015
OI Wang, Xuebin/0000-0003-4270-7330
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0600605]
FX This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development
Program of China (2016YFB0600605). Thanks to the advanced instruments
provided by instrumental analysis center of Xi'an Jiaotong University
and the patient tests provided by Zijun Ren.
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Yan ZQ, 2015, J ANAL APPL PYROL, V113, P491, DOI 10.1016/j.jaap.2015.03.019
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[张利孟 Zhang Limeng], 2015, [燃料化学学报, Journal of Fuel Chemistry and
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 65
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD AUG 1
PY 2020
VL 273
AR 117701
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117701
PG 9
GA LG6DI
UT WOS:000528188600026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, H
Dal Magro, F
Sadiki, N
Mancaux, JM
Py, X
Romagnoli, A
AF Xu, Haoxin
Dal Magro, Fabio
Sadiki, Najim
Mancaux, Jean-Marie
Py, Xavier
Romagnoli, Alessandro
TI Compatibility study between aluminium alloys and alternative recycled
ceramics for thermal energy storage applications
SO APPLIED ENERGY
LA English
CT 9th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE)
CY AUG 21-24, 2017
CL Cardiff, WALES
DE Latent heat thermal energy storage; Aluminium alloys; Recycled ceramics;
Compatibility; Waste heat recovery; Waste-to-energy
ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; WASTE HEAT-RECOVERY; SYSTEM; CONSUMPTION;
SELECTION; AL
AB Recycled ceramics from industrial wastes, compared with traditional high-purity
ceramics, present high market potential as refractory materials due to their low
cost production process with very low environmental impacts. However, there still
exists a research gap of how recycled ceramics behave while in contact with liquid
metal. In order to study the feasibility of using recycled ceramics as the
encapsulation material in the application of high temperature Latent Heat Thermal
Energy Storage system, this paper investigates the compatibility of recycled
ceramics with three kinds of aluminium-based alloys at high temperature, with a
comparison to the corrosion resistant behaviour of alumina. The recycled ceramics
explored include Cofalit from asbestos containing waste, blast furnace slags from
steel production, and coal fly ashes sintered ceramics from incineration plants.
The study consists of a steady state thermal treatment of ceramic samples in
contact with the three different alloys at 1000 degrees C for 100 h, and a post
instrumental characterization of ceramic samples by Environmental Scanning Electron
Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectrometry and X-ray diffractometer, to understand
the chemical and structural transformation of the ceramics. Results demonstrate
that Cofalit shows chemical stability with Al99% but instability with A1Si5% and
AlSi12%. Blast furnace slag presents quite good thermochemical stability towards
molten AlSi5% and AlSi12%. Coal fly ashes sintered ceramics are highly interactive
towards all three aluminium alloys. In conclusion, besides alumina, Cofalit is
recommended as alternative encapsulation material for molten A199%, while blast
furnace slag being recommended for molten AlSi5% and AlSi12%.
C1 [Xu, Haoxin; Dal Magro, Fabio; Romagnoli, Alessandro] Nanyang Technol Univ, 50
Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Sadiki, Najim; Mancaux, Jean-Marie; Py, Xavier] Univ Perpignan, Lab UPR 8521,
PROMES CNRS, Via Domitia, F-66100 Perpignan, France.
C3 Nanyang Technological University & National Institute of Education (NIE)
Singapore; Nanyang Technological University; Universite Perpignan Via
Domitia; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS -
Institute for Engineering & Systems Sciences (INSIS)
RP Romagnoli, A (corresponding author), Nanyang Technol Univ, 50 Nanyang Ave,
EM a.romagnoli@ntu.edu.sg
RI Dal Magro, Fabio/ABD-8223-2020; Romagnoli, Alessandro/N-1975-2014
OI Dal Magro, Fabio/0000-0002-8866-5618; Romagnoli,
Alessandro/0000-0003-1271-5479
FU National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore;
National Environment Agency, Ministry of the Environment and Water
Resources, Singapore [WTE CRP 1501 104]
FX This work was made possible with the research findings from the project
"Application of Phase Change Materials for Improved Energy Efficiency in
Waste to Energy Plants", which is supported by the National Research
Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore, and the National
Environment Agency, Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources,
Singapore, under the Waste-to-Energy Competitive Research Programme (WTE
CRP 1501 104).
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TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0306-2619
EI 1872-9118
J9 APPL ENERG
JI Appl. Energy
PD JUN 15
PY 2018
VL 220
BP 94
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.021
PG 12
GA GG7NH
UT WOS:000432884500009
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kong, LZ
Deng, ZY
Zhu, MY
AF Kong, Lingzhong
Deng, Zhiyin
Zhu, Miaoyong
TI Formation and Evolution of Non-metallic Inclusions in Medium Mn Steel
during Secondary Refining Process
LA English
DT Article
DE non-metallic inclusions; MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel; MnO center dot
Al2O3 spinel; medium Mn steel; secondary refining
ID FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; SPINEL SOLID-SOLUTION; FORMATION MECHANISM;
MOLTEN STEEL; ALLOY-STEEL; LIQUID-IRON; THERMODYNAMICS; SLAG; ALUMINUM;
304-STAINLESS-STEEL
AB Industrial and laboratory experiments were carried out to understand the
formation and evolution mechanism of non-metallic inclusions in medium Mn steel
during secondary steelmaking process. In industrial experiments, with the
generation of dissolved Mg and Ca in liquid steel, the inclusions in liquid steel
would transform along with the route of Al2O3 inclusions + MgO-Al2O3 spinel
inclusions -> (Mn, MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel inclusions -> MgO MnO center dot
Al2O3 system calcium aluminate inclusions -> (Mn, Mg) O center dot Al2O3 spinel
with a high MnO content was found as a different type of inclusions compared with
conventional Al-killed steel grades, and finally, the MnO content in calcium
aluminate inclusions became very low. Laboratory experiments were employed to
explain the generation of (Mn, Mg)O center dot Al2O3 spinel inclusions. It is found
that the crystal structure of MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel phase would help the
formation of (Mn, Mg)O center dot Al2O3 spinel inclusions, while Al2O3 inclusions
can not react with dissolved Mn in steel to form (Mn, Mg)O center dot Al2O3 spinel
inclusions, even the Mn content was around 5 mass% in steel. Consequently, (Mn, Mg)
O center dot Al2O3 spinel inclusions formed after the formation of MgO center dot
Al2O3 spinel inclusions in industrial practice.
C1 [Kong, Lingzhong; Deng, Zhiyin; Zhu, Miaoyong] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
RP Deng, ZY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
EM dengzy@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Deng, Zhiyin/K-8739-2017
OI Deng, Zhiyin/0000-0002-0338-5896
FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
[2015AA03A501]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1660204];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N162504002]
FX The authors are grateful for the support of the National High Technology
Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2015AA03A501), the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. U1660204) and
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.
N162504002).
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NR 46
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 9
U2 28
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 9
BP 1537
EP 1545
PG 9
GA FI4DE
UT WOS:000411919100007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, C
Gao, JT
Wang, Z
Ren, HR
Guo, ZC
AF Li, Chong
Gao, Jintao
Wang, Zhe
Ren, Hongru
Guo, Zhancheng
TI Separation of Fe-bearing and P-bearing Phase from the Steelmaking Slag
by Super Gravity
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking slag; super gravity; P-bearing phase; centrifugal separation
ID PEROVSKITE PHASE; CAO-TIO2-SIO2-AL2O3-MGO MELT; PHOSPHORUS; ENRICHMENT;
RECOVERY; P2O5
AB The Fe-bearing phase and P-bearing phase were successfully separated from a
steelmaking slag by the super gravity and the separated efficiency was improved
with increasing the separated time. The P-bearing phase precipitating at 1 663 K
was intercepted by the filter, while most residual melt went through the filter
into the lower crucible to form calcium iron and aluminum and solid solution of
iron, magnesium and manganese (RO phase) after centrifugal separation. Under the
condition of gravity coefficient G=600 g, T=1 663 K and t= 15 minutes, the mass
fraction of P2O5 in the P-bearing slag increased from 2.49 wt% before separation to
3.56 wt% and that of FetO in the Fe-bearing slag from 23.99 wt% to 38.67 wt%. The
recovery ratio of P2O5 and FetO accounted for 82.2% and 68.5%, respectively.
C1 [Li, Chong; Gao, Jintao; Wang, Zhe; Ren, Hongru; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RI Guo, Z. C./AAS-1733-2021
FU National Natural Science Foundations of China [51234001, 51404025];
[FRF-TP-15-009A2]
FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of
China (No. 51234001 and No. 51404025) and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (FRF-TP-15-009A2), which is acknowledged
with gratitude.
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NR 14
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 5
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 4
BP 767
EP 769
PG 3
GA ET5JG
UT WOS:000400319400025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Roy, D
Pistorius, PC
Fruehan, RJ
AF Roy, Debdutta
Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan
Fruehan, Richard J.
TI Effect of Silicon on the Desulfurization of Al-Killed Steels: Part II.
Experimental Results and Plant Trials
LA English
DT Article
ID SLAGS
AB Recent observations suggest that increased silicon levels improve ladle
desulfurization of aluminum-killed steel. A kinetic model was developed and
presented in part I of this paper, demonstrating that increased silicon levels in
steel suppress the consumption of aluminum by parasitic reactions like silica
reduction and FeO/MnO reduction, thus making more aluminum available at the
interface for desulfurization. The results are increases in the rate and the extent
of desulfurization. Predictions were compared with laboratory induction furnace
melts using 1 kg of steel and 0.1 kg slag. The experimental results demonstrate the
beneficial effect of silicon on the desulfurization reaction and that alumina can
be reduced out of the slag and aluminum picked up by the steel, if the silicon
content in the steel is high enough. The experimental results are in close
agreement with the model predictions. Plant trials also show that with increased
silicon content, both the rate and extent of desulfurization increase;
incorporating silicon early into the ladle desulfurization process leads to
considerable savings in aluminum consumption. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials
Society and ASM International 2013
C1 [Roy, Debdutta; Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan; Fruehan, Richard J.] Carnegie
Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
USA.
RP Pistorius, PC (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM pistorius@cmu.edu
RI Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/A-8247-2011
OI Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/0000-0002-2966-1879
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NR 7
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 5
BP 1095
EP 1104
DI 10.1007/s11663-013-9888-7
PG 10
Engineering
GA 231QI
UT WOS:000325431900008
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Bruno, MJ
AF Bruno, MJ
BE Crepeau, PN
TI Aluminum carbothermic technology comparison to Hall-Heroult process
SO LIGHT METALS 2003
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Light Metals Symposium held at the 132nd TMS Annual Meeting
CY MAR 02-06, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
AB Production of aluminum by carbothermic reduction has been investigated by every
major aluminum company over the past forty seven years. As an alternative to the
Hall-Heroult Process, carbothermic offers potential energy, cost and environmental
advantages if solutions to critical technical hurdles identified by previous
research could be developed. These include efficient delivery of energy to attain
2000-2200degreesC, while minimizing loss of volatile aluminum-containing species;
capture and recycle of those volatiles that do evolve to recover mass and energy
values; effective decarbonization of the Al-C metal phase; and recovery of energy
values in the by-product CO to reduce net energy consumption.
To address these hurdles, Alcoa and Elkem, with support from DOE, initiated
joint development of a new Advanced Reactor Process. The incentives for renewed
interest in researching carbothermic were Alcoa's understanding of the Al-O-C
system and Elkem's expertise in high intensity slag resistance smelting technology.
If successful, the Advanced Reactor Process will provide significant benefits
including reductions in electrical energy up to 38%, in capital costs up to 60% or
more, and in CO2 emissions from the combined power generation-smelter complex up to
37% for a fossil fuel power plant.
C1 Alcoa Inc, Alcoa Tech Ctr, Alcoa Ctr, PA 15069 USA.
C3 Alcoa
RP Bruno, MJ (corresponding author), Alcoa Inc, Alcoa Tech Ctr, 100 Tech Dr, Alcoa
Ctr, PA 15069 USA.
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NR 15
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 4
PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC
PI WARRENDALE
PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086-7514 USA
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-531-X
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2003
BP 395
EP 400
PG 6
Engineering
WE Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science (CPCI-S)
GA BW64R
UT WOS:000182684700058
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huang, GD
Yang, K
Chen, L
Lu, ZY
Sun, YH
Zhang, XY
Feng, YQ
Ji, YS
Xu, ZS
AF Huang, Guodong
Yang, Ke
Chen, Lei
Lu, Zeyang
Sun, Yuhua
Zhang, Xingyu
Feng, Yongqi
Ji, Yongsheng
Xu, Zhishan
TI Use of pretreatment to prevent expansion and foaming in high-performance
MSWI bottom ash alkali-activated mortars
LA English
DT Article
DE Municipal solid waste incineration; Bottom ash; Compressive strength;
Alkali defoaming; Calcination-melting; Alkali-activated
ID FLY-ASH; STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT; GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE; PORTLAND-CEMENT;
BLENDED CEMENT; PORE SOLUTION; SLAG; CALCIUM; CARBONATION; METAKAOLIN
AB This study has investigated the impact of foaming and expansion of municipal
solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) during alkali reaction. Furthermore,
the activity enhancement of the BA has been investigated. Based on the
microanalytic appearance and compressive strength of the samples, the results show
that the reaction between the metallic aluminium in the BA and alkali in the
activator, which produced large quantities of hydrogen, is the primary cause for
both foaming and expansion. The residual organic matter and unburnt substances in
the BA are the main factors that affect the activity. However, the alkali defoaming
and calcination-melting pretreatments completely prevented the expansion and
calcining further improved the BA activity. The alkali activated materials prepared
with the BA calcined at 700 degrees C, granulated blast furnace slag, and slaked
lime followed by alkali defoaming pretreatment produced the best mechanical
properties. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huang, Guodong; Yang, Ke; Lu, Zeyang; Sun, Yuhua; Zhang, Xingyu; Feng, Yongqi]
Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Construct, 168 Taifeng Rd, Huainan
232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Guodong; Yang, Ke; Chen, Lei] Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy &
Safety, 168 Taifeng Rd, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Guodong; Ji, Yongsheng; Xu, Zhishan] China Univ Min & Technol, Sch Mech
& Civil Engn, 1 Daxue Rd, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Guodong] JiangSu Collaborat Innovat Ctr Bldg Energy Saving, 26 Xuanyuan
Rd, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Science & Technology; Anhui University of Science &
Technology; China University of Mining & Technology
RP Yang, K (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn &
Construct, 168 Taifeng Rd, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Yang, K
(corresponding author), Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Safety, 168 Taifeng
Rd, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
EM keyang@aust.edu.cn
OI Ji, Yongsheng/0000-0002-7414-9719
FU JiangSu Collaborative Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and
Construction Technology
FX This study was supported by the funding through JiangSu Collaborative
Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and Construction Technology
(No.SJXTQ1615).
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.09.059
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10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.09.005
NR 53
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 10
U2 54
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
PD JUN 10
PY 2020
VL 245
AR 118471
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118471
PG 10
GA LF4TN
UT WOS:000527412100052
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Tang, HY
Wu, T
Wu, GH
Li, JS
AF Wang, Yong
Tang, Haiyan
Wu, Tuo
Wu, Guanghui
Li, Jingshe
TI Effect of Acid-Soluble Aluminum on the Evolution of Non-metallic
Inclusions in Spring Steel
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; SLAG COMPOSITION; KILLED STEEL; FATIGUE LIFE;
MOLTEN STEEL; 1873 K; AL; THERMODYNAMICS; ALLOY; IRON
AB The content of acidic soluble aluminum in molten steel ([Al](s)) is of
significance to the control of total oxygen (TO), the formation of non-metallic
inclusions, and the improvement of the surface quality of billets. Industrial
trials and thermodynamic calculations were performed to study the effects of [Al]
(s) content on the TO and the evolution of non-metallic inclusions in 60Si2Mn-Cr
spring steel that was deoxidized by Si-Mn ((low aluminum process (LAP)) and Si-Mn-
Al (high aluminum process (HAP)). The results show that the [Al](s) contents in
billets are within 0.0060 to 0.0069 mass pct in the LAP and 0.016 to 0.055 mass pct
in the HAP. The TO content at each station of the LAP is higher than that in the
HAP; the inclusions of billets were mainly of the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 type in the
former, and of the CaO-Al2O3-MgO and CaS-Al2O3-MgO types in the latter. A tendency
is found that the higher the [Al](s), the easier it is to deviate from the low
melting point region of the inclusion distribution and the larger the size of the
inclusions. The relationships between [Al](s) and the melting point of the oxide
inclusions and the Al2O3 content in the oxide inclusions are also discussed in
terms of experiment and calculation.
C1 [Wang, Yong; Tang, Haiyan; Wu, Tuo; Wu, Guanghui; Li, Jingshe] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Room 412,Yejin Bldg,30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing
RP Tang, HY (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Room 412,Yejin Bldg,30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM tanghaiyan@metall.ustb.edu.cn
OI Wang, Yong/0000-0001-7585-4674
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51374021]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [FRF-UM-15-048]
FX The authors are grateful for the help of Dr. Shufeng Yang in the
industrial sampling. Thank for the financial support from the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51374021) and the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No.
FRF-UM-15-048).
CR Bertrand C, 2003, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V30, P165, DOI 10.1179/030192303225001667
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NR 25
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 2
BP 943
EP 955
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-0922-z
PG 13
Engineering
GA EN5EO
UT WOS:000396028600019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hiraki, T
Miki, T
Nakajima, K
Matsubae, K
Nakamura, S
Nagasaka, T
AF Hiraki, Takehito
Miki, Takahiro
Nakajima, Kenichi
Matsubae, Kazuyo
Nakamura, Shinichiro
Nagasaka, Tetsuya
TI Thermodynamic Analysis for the Refining Ability of Salt Flux for
Aluminum Recycling
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE recycling of aluminum; thermodynamic analysis; impurity removal; salt
flux; refining ability
ID ALLOYING ELEMENTS; OPTIMIZATION; SEPARATION; SCRAP; FLOW
AB The removability of impurities during the aluminum remelting process by
oxidation was previously investigated by our research group. In the present work,
alternative impurity removal with chlorination has been evaluated by thermodynamic
analysis. For 43 different elements, equilibrium distribution ratios among metal,
chloride flux and oxide slag phases in the aluminum remelting process were
calculated by assuming the binary systems of aluminum and an impurity element. It
was found that the removability of impurities isn't significantly affected by
process parameters such as chloride partial pressure, temperature and flux
composition. It was shown that Ho, Dy, Li, La, Mg, Gd, Ce, Yb, Ca and Sr can be
potentially eliminated into flux by chlorination from the remelted aluminum.
Chlorination and oxidation are not effective to remove other impurities from the
melting aluminum, due to the limited parameters which can be controlled during the
remelting process. It follows that a proper management of aluminum scrap such as
sorting based on the composition of the products is important for sustainable
aluminum recycling.
C1 [Hiraki, Takehito; Miki, Takahiro; Matsubae, Kazuyo; Nagasaka, Tetsuya] Tohoku
Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Nakajima, Kenichi] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Mat Cycles & Waste
Management Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Nakamura, Shinichiro] Waseda Univ, Grad Sch Econ, Tokyo 1698050, Japan.
C3 Tohoku University; National Institute for Environmental Studies - Japan;
Waseda University
RP Hiraki, T (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi
9808578, Japan.
EM hiraki@material.tohoku.ac.jp; miki@material.tohoku.ac.jp;
nakajima.kenichi@nies.go.jp; matsubae@m.tohoku.ac.jp;
nakashin@waseda.jp; t-nagasaka@m.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Nakajima, Kenichi/AAQ-3768-2021; Matsubae, Kazuyo/J-8842-2015
OI Nakajima, Kenichi/0000-0002-7241-7695; Matsubae,
Kazuyo/0000-0002-3816-3898
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [B-22360387,
B-22360218]
FX This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(Grant No. B-22360387 and B-22360218) from the Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS). Useful comments and encouragement given by
Takako Yamashita (JFE Steel Corporation) are gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 23
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 5
U2 37
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 8
BP 5543
EP 5553
DI 10.3390/ma7085543
PG 11
Physics
GA AO3EC
UT WOS:000341210400009
PM 28788144
OA Green Submitted, gold, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
AF Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
TI Multiphysics CFD modelling for design and simulation of a multiphase
chemical reactor
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
LA English
CT 7th World Congress of Chemical Engineering
CY JUL 10-14, 2005
CL Glasgow, SCOTLAND
DE computational fluid dynamics (CFD); modelling; design; simulation;
carbothermic reduction; aluminium
AB The present simulation study elaborates on a finite element (FE) computational
fluid dynamics (CFD) model (Gerogiorgis and Ydstie, 2003a) developed for a
candidate carbothermic aluminium reactor (Johansen and Aune, 2002), aimed at
industrial implementation of carbothermic Al production. Carbothermic reduction is
an alternative to the conventional Hall-Heroult electrolysis process and is
characterized by cost and environmental advantages as well as by a challenging
complexity. Process technology encompasses a wide spectrum of phenomena
(convection, diffusion, reaction, evapouration, electric field) that occur
simultaneously in a multiphase configuration, the geometry of which is an open
design problem and remains to be determined without prior experience or even
abundance of experimental data. The strong interaction among Joule heating,
endothermic reaction, natural Boussinesq convection and turbulent flow phenomena is
of paramount importance for understanding reactor performance; conducting CFD
simulations is an efficient way to advance with the latter goal, since reliable
high-temperature measurements of state variables are remarkably laborious,
uncertain and expensive. The quadruple partial differential equation (PDE) problem
(electric charge, heat, momentum and gas volume balances) for the slag flow in the
ARP reactor is solved via a commercial CFD software suite (FEMLAB (R) v. 2.3) to
obtain potential, temperature, velocity and gas volume fraction distributions in a
two-dimensional domain, representing in detail the complete second stage of the
proposed carbothermic reactor. The new challenge is the present paper is to
accurately calculate the volume fraction of the gas generated within the molten
slag and understand how the proposed geometry affects production, via the
instantaneous thermodynamic equilibrium assumption. The main objective of this CFD
study is to extract conclusions regarding the reactive slag flow, the extent of
space utilization and the existence of dead volumes, and to provide design
guidelines. A steady state sensitivity analysis of state variable distributions
(namely, potential, temperature, velocity and gas volume fraction) with respect to
a key design variable (the imposed voltage profile) reveals the reactor heating
potential, the geometry of the Al region and the nontrivial operation, design and
optimization problems.
C1 Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Gerogiorgis, DI (corresponding author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol &
Med, CPSE, Prince Consort Rd,S Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM d.gerogiorgis@imperial.ac.uk
RI Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios Ι./E-3594-2014
OI Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios Ι./0000-0002-2210-6784
CR Bruno MJ, 2003, LIGHT MET, P395
Chung T.J., 2010, Computational fluid dynamics
*COMSOL AB, 2003, FEMLAB 3 0 REF MAN
Gerogiorgis DI, 2003, LIGHT MET, P407
Gerogiorgis DI, 2003, ALUMINUM 2003, P289
Gerogiorgis DI, 2001, COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF MATERIALS, MINERALS AND METALS
PROCESSING, P273
GEROGIORGIS DI, 2004, THESIS CARNEGIE MELL
GEROGIORGIS DI, 2003, P 3 INT C CFD MIN PR, P607
Glorieux B, 1999, INT J THERMOPHYS, V20, P1085, DOI 10.1023/A:1022650703233
Johansen K, 2003, LIGHT MET, P401
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MIKKELSEN O, 2003, F11503 ELK ASA RES
Motzfeldt K., 1989, CARBOTHERMAL PRODUCT
Wetind R., 2001, THESIS ROYAL I TECHN
NR 15
TC 24
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 28
PU INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
PI RUGBY
PA 165-189 RAILWAY TERRACE, DAVIS BLDG, RUGBY CV21 3HQ, ENGLAND
SN 0263-8762
EI 1744-3563
J9 CHEM ENG RES DES
JI Chem. Eng. Res. Des.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 83
IS A6
BP 603
EP 610
DI 10.1205/cherd.04364
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 947AL
UT WOS:000230614300006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rabah, MA
AF Rabah, MA
TI Recovery of aluminium, nickel-copper alloys and salts from spent
fluorescent lamps
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
CT Conference on Sustainable Wastes Management
CY OCT, 2003
CL SARDINIA, ITALY
DE waste management; recycling; nickel-copper alloy; florescent lamps;
industrial waste
ID EXTRACTION
AB This study explores a combined pyro-hydrometallurgical method to recover pure
aluminium, nickel-copper alloy(s), and some valuable salts from spent fluorescent
lamps (SFLs). It also examines the safe recycling of clean glass tubes for the
fluorescent lamp industry. Spent lamps were decapped under water containing 35%
acetone to achieve safe capture of mercury vapour. Cleaned glass tubes, if broken,
were cut using a rotating diamond disc to a standard shorter length. Aluminium and
copper-nickel alloys in the separated metallic parts were recovered using suitable
flux to decrease metal losses going to slag. Operation variables affecting the
quality of the products, and the extent of recovery with the suggested method were
investigated. Results revealed that total loss in the glass tube recycling
operation was 2% of the SFLs. Pure aluminium meeting standard specification DIN
1712 was recovered by melting at 800 degreesC under sodium chloride/carbon flux for
20 min. Standard nickel-copper alloys with less than 0.1% tin were prepared by
melting at 1250 degreesC using a sodium borate/carbon flux. De-tinning of the
molten nickel-copper alloy was carried out using oxygen gas. Tin in the slag as
oxide was recovered by reduction using carbon or hydrogen gas at 650-700 degreesC.
Different valuable chloride salts were also obtained in good quality. Further
research is recommended on the thermodynamics of nickel-copper recovery, yttrium
and europium recovery, and process economics. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 CMRDI, Ind Wastes Lab, Cairo 11421, Egypt.
Development Institute (CMRDI)
RP Rabah, MA (corresponding author), CMRDI, Ind Wastes Lab, POB 87 Helwan, Cairo
11421, Egypt.
EM rucmrdi@rusys.eg.net
RI rabah, mahmoud/ABA-0085-2022
CR Alex P., 1995, WASTE PROCESSING REC, VII, P47
Bogacki MB, 2000, IND ENG CHEM RES, V39, P740, DOI 10.1021/ie990413c
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NR 23
TC 24
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 34
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PY 2004
VL 24
IS 2
BP 119
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2003.07.001
PG 8
GA 773GK
UT WOS:000188889400002
PM 14761750
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU HOWARD, RL
RICHARDS, SR
WELCH, BJ
MOORE, JJ
AF HOWARD, RL
RICHARDS, SR
WELCH, BJ
MOORE, JJ
TI VANADIUM DISTRIBUTION IN MELTS INTERMEDIATE TO FERROALLOY PRODUCTION
FROM VANADIFEROUS SLAG
LA English
DT Article
AB Processing of vanadiferous slags through the pyrometallurgical process route
appears to offer advantages both in terms of ferroalloy production and in the
potential for efficient vanadium recovery from hot metal. In order to investigate
the effect of slag composition on the phase distribution of vanadium, a series of
laboratory smelting experiments was carried out. The effect of basicity adjustments
on the slag/metal distribution of iron, vanadium, and manganese was investigated
using carbon and FeSi as a reductant. A simulation of the final stage of slag
reduction was also carried out to determine the efficiency of vanadium recovery
during metallothermic smelting using aluminum and FeSi.
C1 IND RES LTD, WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND.
COLORADO SCH MINES, DEPT MET & MAT ENGN, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA.
UNIV AUCKLAND, DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND.
C3 Callaghan Innovation; Colorado School of Mines; University of Auckland
RP HOWARD, RL (corresponding author), AFRICAN MINING & TRUST CO, JOHANNESBURG,
SOUTH AFRICA.
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NR 15
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD FEB
PY 1994
VL 25
IS 1
BP 27
EP 32
DI 10.1007/BF02663175
PG 6
Engineering
GA MU427
UT WOS:A1994MU42700003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Das, P
Upadhyay, S
Dubey, S
Singh, KK
AF Das, Pallabi
Upadhyay, Sidhidatri
Dubey, Sudarshan
Singh, Krishnakant K.
TI Waste to wealth: Recovery of value-added products from steel slag
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Resource recovery; Steel slag; Value-added product; Waste valorization;
Waste to wealth
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; UPGRADE PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL;
CALCIUM SILICATE HYDRATE; CONVERTER SLAG; MAGNETIC SEPARATION; SELECTIVE
RECOVERY; STEELMAKING SLAG; METAL RECOVERY; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB Steel slag, a by-product generated during steel production poses a solid waste
disposal challenge. The same slag contains valuables such as titanium, nickel,
vanadium, iron, aluminum, silica among others. The extracted components can cause
productive value addition in diverse realms like wastewater treatment to
semiconductor devices. A paradigm shift is required towards waste valorization for
developing profitable extraction methods for these constituent elements. In this
review, an attempt was made to assimilate such technologies into one concrete and
concise compendium. The pros and cons of each method were weighed comparatively
with respect to applicability and innovation. An effort was attempted for assessing
key design aspects and scale-up potential vis 'a-vis the economic analysis for the
valorization techniques. It was seen that the leaching technique was the most
widely used in the resource recovery domain followed by other techniques like
fusion, hydrothermal treatment. Techniques that dominate the exploration of some of
the metals from their lean ores or respective mineral slags might also be explored
for their recovery from steel slag. Some technologies like slag filter development
for phosphate removal has already been tested in real-life conditions while others
are in the nascent stages of development. Special focus can be directed towards the
simultaneous extraction of multiple components or direct in-situ product formation
and its subsequent separation. This paper reviews various technologies for steel
slag valorization to guide researchers working in the field of slag resource
recovery and sustainable waste utilization.
C1 [Das, Pallabi; Upadhyay, Sidhidatri; Singh, Krishnakant K.] CSIR Cent Inst Min &
Fuel Res, Barwa Rd, Dhanbad 826015, Jharkhand, India.
[Dubey, Sudarshan] Birla Inst Technol & Sci, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad,
India.
Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research (CIMFR); Birla Institute of
Technology & Science Pilani (BITS Pilani)
RP Das, P (corresponding author), CSIR Cent Inst Min & Fuel Res, Barwa Rd, Dhanbad
826015, Jharkhand, India.
EM pallabidas@cimfr.nic.in
OI Das, Pallabi/0000-0003-4831-8360
FU Ministry of Steel, GOI; Ministry of Steel, Government of India
FX Ms. Pallabi Das is recipient of Grant-in-Aid research funding from
Ministry of Steel, GOI The authors are grateful to Ministry of Steel,
Government of India for Grant-in-Aid funding. The Authous are also
grateful to Director, CSIR-CIMFR for his continued support and
encouragement
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NR 223
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 11
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 2213-2929
EI 2213-3437
J9 J ENVIRON CHEM ENG
JI J. Environ. Chem. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 9
IS 4
AR 105640
DI 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105640
EA MAY 2021
PG 21
SC Engineering
GA TF0HT
UT WOS:000670389100003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, CY
Wang, C
Xu, RZ
Zhang, JL
Jiao, KX
AF Xu, Chen-yang
Wang, Cui
Xu, Ren-ze
Zhang, Jian-liang
Jiao, Ke-xin
TI Effect of Al2O3 on the viscosity of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-Cr2O
3 slags
LA English
DT Article
DE slag; viscosity; high aluminium oxide; apparent activation energy;
structure; viscosity prediction
ID MODEL; BEHAVIOR; ALUMINOSILICATE; PROPERTY; ALUMINA; MELTS; CAF2
AB We investigated the effect of Al2O3 content on the viscosity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-
8wt%MgO-1wt%Cr2O3 (mass ratio of CaO/SiO2 is 1.0, and Al2O3 content is 17wt%-29wt%)
slags. The results show that the viscosity of the slag increases gradually with
increases in the Al2O3 content in the range of 17wt% to 29wt% due to the role of
Al2O3 as a network former in the polymerization of the aluminosilicate structure of
the slag. With increases in the Al2O3 content from 17wt% to 29wt%, the apparent
activation energy of the slags also increases from 180.85 to 210.23 kJ/mol, which
is consistent with the variation in the critical temperature. The Fourier-transform
infrared spectra indicate that the degree of polymerization of this slag is
increased by the addition of Al2O3. The application of Iida's model for predicting
the slag viscosity in the presence of Cr2O3 indicates that the calculated viscosity
values fit well with the measured values when both the temperature and Al2O3
content are at relatively low levels, i.e., the temperature range of 1673 to 1803 K
and the Al2O3 content range of 17wt%-29wt% in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-8wt%MgO-1wt%Cr2O3
slag.
C1 [Xu, Chen-yang; Xu, Ren-ze; Zhang, Jian-liang; Jiao, Ke-xin] Univ Sci & Technol
[Wang, Cui; Zhang, Jian-liang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Technology Beijing
RP Xu, RZ; Zhang, JL (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, JL (corresponding author), Univ
Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM zurenze2010@163.com; zhang.jianliang@hotmail.com
RI jin, li/IWU-4648-2023; zhan, y/ISA-2807-2023; zhang, jian/HPD-1712-2023
CR [Anonymous], 2017, STEEL RES INT, V88
[Anonymous], 2018, STEEL RES INT, V89
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Li JH, 2009, HYDROMETALLURGY, V99, P84, DOI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2009.07.006
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2916.1952.tb13057.x
2916.1945.tb14500.x
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Norgate T, 2011, MINER ENG, V24, P698, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2010.10.002
Qiu GB, 2015, ISIJ INT, V55, P1367, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.55.1367
Ray HS, 2004, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V31, P125, DOI 10.1179/030192304225012097
Shankar A, 2007, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V34, P477, DOI 10.1179/174328107X17467
Wang C, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P328, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0846-z
Xu RZ, 2017, ISIJ INT, V57, P1887, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-
120
Yan ZM, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P1092, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0676-z
Zhang BS., 2012, NONFERROUS MET ENG R, V33, P16
Zhang XF, 2016, STEEL RES INT, V87, P87, DOI 10.1002/srin.201400523
Zhang YP., 2013, FERROALLOYS, V44, P10
NR 34
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD MAY
PY 2021
VL 28
IS 5
BP 797
EP 803
DI 10.1007/s12613-020-2187-9
PG 7
Mineral Processing
GA RY2KH
UT WOS:000647745700006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ni, PY
Tanaka, T
Suzuki, M
Nakamoto, M
Jönsson, PG
AF Ni, Peiyuan
Tanaka, Toshihiro
Suzuki, Masanori
Nakamoto, Masashi
Jonsson, Par Goren
TI A Kinetic Model of Mass Transfer and Chemical Reactions at a Steel/Slag
Interface under Effect of Interfacial Tensions
LA English
DT Article
DE steel-slag interfacial tension; mass transfer; thermodynamics and
kinetics; interfacial reactions; dynamic modeling
ID MOLTEN IRON; SLAG; METAL; EQUILIBRIUM; INCLUSIONS; ALLOY
AB A new kinetic model was developed to predict the dynamic change of the
interfacial oxygen content and the steel/slag interfacial tension. This model
mainly describes the following interfacial physicochemical phenomena: i) Silica
decomposition and oxygen adsorption at the interface, ii) Oxygen and aluminum
reactions at the interface, iii) Oxygen desorption from the interface, iv) Silica
mass transfer from the slag to the interface, v) Dissolution of the formed alumina
into the slag and its transfer in slag and vi) Blockage on the silica mass
transfer, to come in contact with the steel, by the accumulation of the formed
alumina at the interface. With this model, the dynamic changes of the interfacial
oxygen contents under different aluminum contents in steel and different slag
viscosities were predicted. Overall, the interfacial oxygen content was found to
increase with a decreased aluminum content and a decreased slag viscosity.
Furthermore, the aluminum reaction rate can significantly influence the interfacial
oxygen content as well as the interfacial tension. In addition, the model captured
the fast increase of the interfacial tension after passing the minimum value point
for the system of a high -Al content steel and a low viscous slag, which is in
agreement with the experimental observations. Furthermore, a parameter study was
carried out to show the influence of various parameters on the dynamic interfacial
phenomena.
C1 [Ni, Peiyuan; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Suzuki, Masanori; Nakamoto, Masashi] Osaka
Univ, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, Grad Sch Engn, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Jonsson, Par Goren] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, S-10044
Stockholm, Sweden.
C3 Osaka University; Royal Institute of Technology
RP Tanaka, T (corresponding author), Osaka Univ, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, Grad Sch Engn,
2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
EM tanaka@mat.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp
OI Nakamoto, Masashi/0000-0003-4684-0200
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JP17F17766]; Swedish
Foundation for Strategic Research
FX This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS (Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science) International Research Fellow (Grant No.
JP17F17766). Peiyuan NI wants to thank the support by JSPS for his stay
at Osaka University as a JSPS International Postdoctoral Research
Fellow, and also thanks the support by Swedish Foundation for Strategic
Research.
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Björklund J, 2007, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V34, P312, DOI 10.1179/174328107X168039
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603
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303
Park SC, 2009, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V36, P3, DOI 10.1179/174328108X358622
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0050-z
RICHARDSON FD, 1982, CAN METALL QUART, V21, P111, DOI 10.1179/cmq.1982.21.2.111
Sun HP, 1997, ISIJ INT, V37, P323, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.37.323
Tanaka T, 2016, ISIJ INT, V56, P944, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2015-
654
NR 18
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 14
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 5
BP 737
EP 748
PG 12
GA IA2QT
UT WOS:000469406900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yasipourtehrani, S
Strezov, V
Bliznyukov, S
Evans, T
AF Yasipourtehrani, Sara
Strezov, Vladimir
Bliznyukov, Sergey
Evans, Tim
TI Investigation of thermal properties of blast furnace slag to improve
process energy efficiency
LA English
DT Article
DE Blast furnace slag; Slag viscosity; Slag heat exchange; Pig iron
heating; Slag thermal behaviours; End use product value; High
temperature hot stage SEM; In-situ SEM heating
ID IRON; VISCOSITY; BEHAVIOR
AB Blast furnace slag (BFS) is the main by-product of iron making and is produced
in large amounts worldwide. To improve energy use, it is necessary to understand
the thermal behaviour of slags under differing compositions at varying
temperatures. This study determines the thermal properties and behaviour of
selected slag samples using several experimental techniques, including high
temperature Hot Stage Scanning Electron Microscopy (HS-SEM), and Computer Aided
Thermal Analysis (CATA). Further methods, such as Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy
(EDS) and Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were applied to determine
the chemical content and nature of the studied BFS samples. Comparing the chemical
composition of the slags and their thermal behaviour, the effect of magnesium oxide
and aluminium oxide was evident on the crystallisation and fluidity of the molten
slag. Additionally, the content of silicon dioxide had an effect on the
crystallisation temperature and network strength. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Yasipourtehrani, Sara; Strezov, Vladimir; Bliznyukov, Sergey; Evans, Tim]
Macquarie Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
C3 Macquarie University
RP Strezov, V (corresponding author), Macquarie Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Environm
Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
EM vladimir.strezov@mq.edu.au
RI Strezov, Vladimir/J-4827-2019
OI Strezov, Vladimir/0000-0002-9129-9284
FU Australian Research Council's Linkage Projects funding scheme
[LP140100182]; Australian Research Council [LP140100182] Funding Source:
Australian Research Council
FX This research was supported under Australian Research Council's Linkage
Projects funding scheme (project number LP140100182).
CR [Anonymous], CONTAMINATED SITES M
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NR 26
TC 23
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD APR 15
PY 2017
VL 149
BP 137
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.052
PG 9
& Ecology
GA EX6CO
UT WOS:000403330200012
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, W
Chen, W
Yang, Y
Lippold, C
McLean, A
AF Yan, W.
Chen, W.
Yang, Y.
Lippold, C.
McLean, A.
TI Evaluation of B2O3 as replacement for
CaF2 in CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux
LA English
DT Article
DE High aluminium steel; Fluoride free CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux; Heat
transfer; Crystallisation
ID HEAT-TRANSFER BEHAVIOR; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
FLUORIDE-FREE; NA2O; SLAG; SOLIDIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; VISCOSITY;
SYSTEM
AB In order to develop low fluoride or fluoride free CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux for
casting high aluminium steel, an investigation was carried out to study the effect
of substituting CaF2 with B2O3 on heat transfer and crystallisation behaviour of
CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux by employing a heat transfer simulator of mould flux and
a single hot thermocouple technique. The results showed that addition of CaF2
promoted heat transfer of CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux, which was opposite to the
effect of CaF2 on heat transfer in conventional CaO-SiO2 based mould flux. Addition
of CaF2 inhibited crystallisation of CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux by lowering the
start crystallisation temperature and prolonging the incubation time of
crystallisation. B2O3 showed similar effects to CaF2 on heat transfer and
crystallisation of CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux, but its ability to promote heat
transfer and suppress crystallisation was stronger than CaF2. Ca3B2O6 (melting
temperature 1480 degrees C) was found as the primary crystalline phase in fluoride
free CaO-Al2O3 based mould flux compared with the primary crystalline phase
Ca2Al3O6F (melting temperature 1507 degrees C) in fluoride bearing (20% CaF2) CaO-
Al2O3 based mould flux.
C1 [Yan, W.; Chen, W.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Yan, W.; Yang, Y.; McLean, A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON
M5S 3E4, Canada.
[Lippold, C.] Qingdao Stollberg & Samil Co Ltd, Qingdao 266300, Peoples R China.
Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Toronto,
Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
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Choi SY, 2004, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V345, P157, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.015
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He SP, 2009, INT J MIN MET MATER, V16, P261, DOI 10.1016/S1674-4799(09)60047-9
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.09.012
Scheller P, 2009, P 8 INT C MOLT SLAG, P1101
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VDEh, 1995, SLAG ATLAS
Wei J, 2014, METALL MATER TRANS B, V45, P643, DOI 10.1007/s11663-013-9957-y
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Yan W., 2015, IRONMAKING STEELMAKI
Yan W, 2013, METALL MATER TRANS B, V44, P1466, DOI 10.1007/s11663-013-9918-5
Zhou LJ, 2015, ISIJ INT, V55, P821, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.55.821
NR 33
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 6
U2 31
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 4
BP 316
EP 323
DI 10.1179/1743281215Y.0000000062
PG 8
GA DO8SF
UT WOS:000378053200007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tsakiridis, PE
Oustadakis, P
Agatzini-Leonardou, S
AF Tsakiridis, P. E.
Oustadakis, P.
Agatzini-Leonardou, S.
TI Black Dross Leached Residue: An Alternative Raw Material for Portland
Cement Clinker
SO WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Black dross leached residue; Raw meal; Clinker; Cement; Hydration
ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GRINDABILITY; BAUXITE; WASTES; SLAG
AB The possibility of adding an aluminium black dross leached residue (BDLR),
mainly consisted of spinel (Al2MgO4) and corundum (Al2O3), in the raw meal for the
production of Portland cement clinker was investigated. This leached residue was
obtained during the hydrothermal treatment of an aluminium black dross, formed
during aluminium scrap melting. The process consisted of crushing and grinding of
the as received dross, sieving it to recover the Al metal value, water leaching at
high temperature to dissolve the salts and, finally, aluminium recovery by alkaline
pressure leaching. Three samples of raw meals were prepared, one with ordinary raw
materials, as a reference sample ((PC) Ref), and two others with different content
(2 and 4 wt%) of BDLR ((PC) BD-2% and (PC) BD-42%). All raw meals were sintered at
1,450 degrees C and the produced clinkers were characterised by chemical analysis,
X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA)
as well as scanning electron microscopy. The produced cements were tested by
determining their grindability, setting time, compressive strength and
expansibility. The hydration products were examined by XRD analysis at 2, 7 and 28
days. The results of the physico-mechanical tests showed that BDLR could be
utilized as a raw material in the cement clinker production, presenting a promising
alternative to disposal in landfills.
C1 [Tsakiridis, P. E.; Oustadakis, P.; Agatzini-Leonardou, S.] Natl Tech Univ
Athens, Met Lab, Dept Min & Met Engn, Athens 15780, Greece.
RP Tsakiridis, PE (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Met Lab, Dept Min
& Met Engn, 9 Iroon Polytech St, Athens 15780, Greece.
EM ptsakiri@central.ntua.gr
RI Tsakiridis, Petros/AAH-6232-2019; Oustadakis, Paschalis/JAZ-9883-2023
OI Tsakiridis, Petros/0000-0002-2180-2454; Oustadakis,
Paschalis/0000-0003-2693-1965
CR Al-Dhamri H, 2010, J HAZARD MATER, V179, P852, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.083
[Anonymous], CEMENT DATA BOOK
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British Standards Institution, 2005, 1961 EN BRIT STAND I
British Standards Institution, 2005, 1963 EN BRIT STAND I
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10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.01.005
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1
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 54
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
SN 1877-2641
EI 1877-265X
J9 WASTE BIOMASS VALORI
JI Waste Biomass Valorization
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 6
BP 973
EP 983
DI 10.1007/s12649-014-9313-8
PG 11
GA AY7DQ
UT WOS:000347722000007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Adamczyk, B
Brenneis, R
Adam, C
Mudersbach, D
AF Adamczyk, B.
Brenneis, R.
Adam, C.
Mudersbach, D.
TI Recovery of Chromium from AOD-Converter Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE arc furnace; by-product; chromium recovery; high-alloyed steel;
reductive melting; slag treatment; slag; thermochemical treatment
ID OXIDE REDUCTION; SILICON; CARBON; IRON
AB Slags from the production of high-alloyed steel contain both chemically bound
chromium (mainly as Cr(2)O(3)) in the mineral fraction and elemental chromium in
the metallic remainders. Thermochemical post treatment of the slag in an electric
arc furnace under reducing conditions enables the nearly complete recovery of the
total amount of chromium in form of a metallic alloy. The best results were
achieved by resistance melting (submerged electrodes) with addition of a reducing
agent into the melt. The efficiencies of the reducing agents carbon, aluminium,
silicon (as ferrosilicon) and silicon carbide were investigated and compared. As
aluminium is the strongest reducing agent, it is less selective and reduces much
more SiO(2) than Cr(2)O(3). While SiC shows only low reactivity because of its high
thermal resistance, carbon and silicon had the highest reducing potentials: More
than 97% of the chemically bound chromium can be recovered by application of these
reducing agents. Due to the high temperature required for the reduction of the
chromium compounds, the reduction of SiO(2) as an undesired side reaction cannot be
avoided. However, compared with mechanical procedures that are limited to the
recovery of the metallic remainders, the total chromium recovery can be
significantly increased by the described reductive melting procedure.
C1 [Adamczyk, B.; Brenneis, R.; Adam, C.] BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, D-12489
Berlin, Germany.
[Mudersbach, D.] FEhS Bldg Mat Inst, D-47229 Duisburg, Germany.
C3 Federal Institute for Materials Research & Testing
RP Adamczyk, B (corresponding author), BAM Fed Inst Mat Res & Testing, Richard
Willstatter Str 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
EM burkart.adamczyk@bam.de
RI Adam, Christian/A-8655-2011
OI Adam, Christian/0000-0002-3356-4617
FU European Union [LIFE03ENV/D/043-RecArc]
FX We gratefully thank the European Union for the financial support within
the LIFE-environment program (LIFE03ENV/D/043-RecArc).
CR ADAMCZYK B, 2004, TMS INASMET, V3, P2245
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MUDERSBACH D, 2009, REPORTS FEHS I, V16, P13
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VERSTEYL LA, 2005, SCHRIFTENREIHE FEHS
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD DEC
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 12
BP 1078
EP 1083
DI 10.1002/srin.201000193
PG 6
GA 702LK
UT WOS:000285896000006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Biswas, S
Satapathy, A
Patnaik, A
AF Biswas, Sandhyarani
Satapathy, Alok
Patnaik, Amar
BA Lee, JH
BF Lee, JH
TI Effect of Ceramic Fillers on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fiber
Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Comparative Study
SO MULTI-FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES III, PTS 1 AND 2
SE Advanced Materials Research
LA English
CT 3rd International Conference on Multi-Functional Materials and
Structures
CY SEP 14-18, 2010
CL Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeollabuk do, Jeonju, SOUTH KOREA
HO Chonbuk Natl Univ, Jeollabuk do
DE Ceramic filler; Epoxy resin; Bamboo fiber; Glass fiber; Mechanical
properties
AB In order to obtain the favoured material properties for a particular
application, it is important to know how the material performance changes with the
filler content under given loading conditions. In this study, a series of bamboo
fiber reinforced epoxy composites are fabricated using conventional filler
(aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and silicon carbide (SiC) and industrial wastes (red mud
and copper slag) particles as filler materials. By incorporating the chosen
particulate fillers into the bamboo-fiber reinforced epoxy, synergistic effects, as
expected are achieved in the form of modified mechanical properties. Inclusion of
fiber in neat epoxy improved the load bearing capacity (tensile strength) and the
ability to withstand bending (flexural strength) of the composites. But with the
incorporation of particulate fillers, the tensile strengths of the composites are
found to be decreasing in most of the cases. Among the particulate filled bamboo-
epoxy composites, least value of void content are recorded for composites with
silicon carbide filling and for the composites with glass fiber reinforcement
minimum void fraction is noted for red mud filling. The effects of these four
different ceramics on the mechanical properties of bamboo-epoxy composites are
investigated and the conclusions drawn from the above investigation are discussed.
C1 [Biswas, Sandhyarani; Satapathy, Alok] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn,
Rourkela 769008, India.
[Patnaik, Amar] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hamirpur 177005, India.
C3 National Institute of Technology (NIT System); National Institute of
Technology Rourkela; National Institute of Technology (NIT System);
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur
RP Biswas, S (corresponding author), Natl Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Rourkela
769008, India.
EM sandhya_biswas@yahoo.co.in; satapathy.alok@gmail.com; amar_mech@sify.com
RI Patnaik, Amar/GZM-0065-2022; Satapathy, Alok/N-4297-2017
OI Patnaik, Amar/0000-0001-9506-782X; Biswas,
Sandhyarani/0000-0003-4562-248X
CR Jiang L, 1999, ANGEW MAKROMOL CHEM, V268, P18
Kahraman R., 2005, INT J POLYM MATER, V54, P483
Takagi H, 2004, JSME INT J A-SOLID M, V47, P551, DOI 10.1299/jsmea.47.551
Takagi H., 2005, P 3 INT C EC STOCKH, V14, P1
Torres FG, 2005, POLYM TEST, V24, P694, DOI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2005.05.004
NR 5
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 9
PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-0-87849-246-6
J9 ADV MATER RES-SWITZ
PY 2010
VL 123-125
BP 1031
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.123-125.1031
PG 2
GA BUH15
UT WOS:000289269600252
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kuo, YM
Lin, TC
Tsai, PJ
AF Kuo, YM
Lin, TC
Tsai, PJ
TI Effect of SiO2 on immobilization of metals and encapsulation
of a glass network in slag
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FLY-ASH; WASTE; VITRIFICATION; CERAMICS; RESIDUES
AB The final disposal of ash from an incinerator is of special concern because of
the possibility of its releasing toxic substances. Melting/vitrification has been
regarded as a prospective technology of ash treatment. The object of this
investigation was to evaluate the effect of silica (SiO2) addition on the
immobilization of hazardous metals and the encapsulation of a glass network during
the vitrification process. Four specimens with SiO2/fly ash mixing ratios of 0,
0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively, were tested. The mobility of metals in slag was
then estimated by a sequential extraction procedure. X-ray diffraction analysis
indicates that SiO2 leads to the polymerization of silicates. The encapsulation of
aluminum, calcium, and magnesium would not be observed unless adequate amount of
SiO2 was added. It was also found that SiO2 addition enhances the formation of a
compact and interconnected glass network structure and, thus, contributes to the
chemical stability of metals in slag. After vitrification, the mobility of cadmium,
copper, iron, chromium, nickel, lead, and zinc was significantly reduced. However,
there is no significant correlation between the immobilization of these metals and
the addition of SiO2.
C1 Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Grad Inst Environm & Occupat Hlth, Coll Med, Tainan 70101,
Taiwan.
C3 National Cheng Kung University; National Cheng Kung University
RP Lin, TC (corresponding author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, 1 Univ
Rd, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
EM tachang@mail.ncku.edu.tw
CR Barbieri L, 2000, J EUR CERAM SOC, V20, P1637, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(00)00032-7
Barbieri L, 1999, FUEL, V78, P271, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00134-3
Ecke H, 2001, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V35, P1531, DOI 10.1021/es0001759
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Endo H, 1997, WATER SCI TECHNOL, V36, P235, DOI 10.2166/wst.1997.0416
*EPA EX YUAN, 1974, EPA070020 EX YUAN
Haugsten KE, 2000, WASTE MANAGE, V20, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00325-6
Ito T, 1996, WASTE MANAGE, V16, P453, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(96)00090-6
Kersten M., 1995, P234
Kinto K, 1996, WASTE MANAGE, V16, P423, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(96)00088-8
Kuo YM, 2003, CHEMOSPHERE, V51, P313, DOI 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00852-4
Li CT, 2003, IND ENG CHEM RES, V42, P2306, DOI 10.1021/ie0208164
Park YJ, 2002, J HAZARD MATER, V91, P83, DOI 10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00362-4
Sheng JW, 2001, FUEL, V80, P1365, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00022-9
Spence RD, 1999, WASTE MANAGE, V19, P453, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00237-8
VOGEL W, 1992, GLASS CHEM, P34
Wiles CC, 1996, J HAZARD MATER, V47, P325, DOI 10.1016/0304-3894(95)00120-4
Wunsch P, 1996, CHEMOSPHERE, V32, P2211, DOI 10.1016/0045-6535(96)00123-3
NR 18
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 24
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1096-2247
EI 2162-2906
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD NOV
PY 2003
VL 53
IS 11
BP 1412
EP 1416
DI 10.1080/10473289.2003.10466307
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 738NK
UT WOS:000186294600016
PM 14649761
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shibata, E
Egawa, S
Nakamura, T
AF Shibata, E
Egawa, S
Nakamura, T
TI Reduction behavior of chromium oxide in molten slag using aluminum,
ferrosilicon and graphite
LA English
DT Article
DE smelting reduction; chromium oxide; aluminum; ferrosilicon; graphite;
molten slag; X-ray observation
ID SMELTING REDUCTION; IRON-OXIDE; CARBON; ORE
AB To reduce chromium in stainless steel slag and simultaneously recover chromium
as a ferroalloy for the steel making industry, the direct smelting reduction of
chromium oxide in molten slag was investigated by small furnace experiments.
Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were also carried out to suggest the limit
of reduction of CrOx, in the slags. Aluminum, ferrosilicon and graphite were used
as reductants under conditions of 1 723-1823 K and various slag compositions. In
the experiments, the formation of high Al2O3 solid phase in the upper and middle
parts of slag prevented uniform reduction when aluminum was added as a reductant,
although FeO and CrOx were reduced drastically to a low content compared with the
cases of ferrosilicon and graphite except for the lower part of slag melt. The low
content of CrOx by aluminum was about 0.01 mass% which was about one order higher
than calculated thermodynamic equilibrium one. The reductions of FeO and CrOx by
aluminum were promoted to the lower part of slag with the increase in temperature
and CaO/SiO2, ratio because of the increase in fluidity of slag. A liquid metal
containing chromium was formed and precipitated on the bottom of slag during the
reduction. The formation behavior of metal drop was observed directly by an X-ray
fluoroscopy technique.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
RP Shibata, E (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv
Mat, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
CR FURUKAWA T, 1999, B IRON STEEL I JPN, V4, P391
HARA S, 1990, TETSU TO HAGANE, V76, P360, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.76.3_360
*JAP SOC PROM SCI, 1988, PHYS PROP HIGH TEMP, P131
KATAYAMA H, 1990, TETSU TO HAGANE, V76, P1855, DOI
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.76.11_1855
MUKAI K, 1992, TETSU TO HAGANE, V78, P1682
Nakasuga T, 2000, TETSU TO HAGANE, V86, P499
Ogawa Y, 2001, TETSU TO HAGANE, V87, P14
SHIMOMURA Y, 1998, TEKKOHKAI, V11, P11
TAKAOKA T, 1990, TETSU TO HAGANE, V76, P1839, DOI
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.76.11_1839
NR 11
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 27
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2002
VL 42
IS 6
BP 609
EP 613
PG 5
GA 563RX
UT WOS:000176270300006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nishi, T
Shinme, K
AF Nishi, T
Shinme, K
TI Variation of inclusion morphology in molten Fe-Ni alloys
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE inclusion; morphology control; Fe-Ni alloy; deoxidation; slag; spinel
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; THERMODYNAMICS; DISSOLUTION; MAGNESIUM;
ALUMINUM; NICKEL; IRON
AB The morphology changes of the inclusions in molten Fe-42mass%Ni alloy were
investigated in the Si-Mn complex deoxidation experiments under CaO-SiO(2)-
Al(2)O(3)-MgO slags in order to clarify the mechanism of the morphology control of
the inclusions by means of the slag-metal-inclusions reactions,
An increase in the Al(2)O(3) content of SiO(2)-MnO inclusions was observed in
the process of the deoxidation with time. As the result, SiO(2)-MnO-Al(2)O(3)
ductile inclusions could be produced in Fe-Ni alloy. This was caused by the
decomposition of Al(2)O(3) in slag, and the reaction between aluminum in molten
alloy and the inclusions. An increasing amount of MgO in the inclusions was also
observed simultaneously in that process. That phenomenon caused the formation of
MgO-Al(2)O(3) spinel inclusion, It was presumed that transportation of Mg from
slags to inclusions would be occurred as the result of the chemical reaction in the
same manner as that of aluminum.
C1 Sumitomo Met Ind Ltd, Corp Res & Dev Labs, Hasaki, Ibaraki 31402, Japan.
C3 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
RP Nishi, T (corresponding author), Sumitomo Met Ind Ltd, Corp Res & Dev Labs, 16-1
Oaza Sunayama, Hasaki, Ibaraki 31402, Japan.
CR [Anonymous], 1979, METALLURGICAL THERMO
BELTON GR, 1967, J PHYS CHEM-US, V71, P1403, DOI 10.1021/j100864a034
SAMUELSSON E, 1992, METALL TRANS B, V23, P805, DOI 10.1007/BF02656459
SCHWERDTFEGER K, 1965, T METALL SOC AIME, V233, P1327
STULL DR, 1971, JANAF THERMOCHEMICHA
NR 11
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD FEB
PY 1998
VL 84
IS 2
BP 97
EP 102
PG 6
GA ZW937
UT WOS:000074463300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sukhomlinov, D
Klemettinen, L
O'Brien, H
Taskinen, P
Jokilaakso, A
AF Sukhomlinov, Dmitry
Klemettinen, Lassi
O'Brien, Hugh
Taskinen, Pekka
Jokilaakso, Ari
TI Behavior of Ga, In, Sn, and Te in Copper Matte Smelting
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; PARTIAL PRESSURES; SILICATE MELTS; FEO SYSTEM; SLAG;
THERMODYNAMICS; TIN; SATURATION; TELLURIUM; SELENIUM
AB The distributions of Ga, In, Sn, and Te between copper-iron mattes and silica-
saturated iron silicate slags over a wide range of matte grades 55 to 75 pct Cu
were determined at 1300 degrees C using a gas-phase equilibration-quenching
technique and direct phase composition analysis by Electron Probe X-ray
Microanalysis and Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry.
Alumina from aluminum, a typical minor element of electric and electronic copper
scrap, and lime were adopted as slag modifiers for increasing the trace element
recoveries. Gallium and tin were distributed predominantly in the slag, indium
preferred sulfide matte at low matte grades and slag at high, whereas tellurium
strongly favored the sulfide matte in particular in high matte grades. The slag
modifiers alumina and lime had a minor impact on the distribution coefficients of
gallium and tin, but for indium and tellurium the distribution coefficients were
more strongly affected by the basic oxides. The strong tendencies of tin and
tellurium to vaporize at the experimental temperature were confirmed. (C) The
Author(s) 2019
C1 [Sukhomlinov, Dmitry; Klemettinen, Lassi; Taskinen, Pekka; Jokilaakso, Ari]
Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Engn, POB 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland.
[Sukhomlinov, Dmitry] NTNU, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[O'Brien, Hugh] Geol Survey Finland, Vuorimiehentie 2, FIN-02150 Espoo, Finland.
C3 Aalto University; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU);
Geological Survey of Finland (GTK)
RP Taskinen, P (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Engn, POB 16100, Aalto
00076, Finland.
EM pekka.taskinen@aalto.fi
RI Klemettinen, Lassi/AAA-4936-2020; Taskinen, Pekka/K-4292-2015;
Jokilaakso, Ari/AAP-6978-2020
OI Klemettinen, Lassi/0000-0001-9633-7131; Taskinen,
Pekka/0000-0002-4054-952X; Sukhomlinov, Dmitry/0000-0002-8752-4776;
Jokilaakso, Ari/0000-0003-0582-7181
FU Aalto University; Outotec; CMEco program of Business Finland
FX Open access funding provided by Aalto University. The study was
financially supported by Outotec and CMEco program of Business Finland,
which is gratefully acknowledged. The EPMA measurements were carried out
by Mr Lassi Pakkanen of the Geological Survey of Finland. This study
utilized the Academy of Finland's RawMatTERS Finland Infrastructure
(RAMI) based at Aalto University, GTK and VTT.
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NR 44
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 6
BP 2723
EP 2732
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01693-y
PG 10
Engineering
GA JT4TA
UT WOS:000500982500022
OA hybrid, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huang, GD
Yuan, L
Ji, YS
Liu, BL
Xu, ZS
AF Huang, Guodong
Yuan, Liang
Ji, Yongsheng
Liu, Benlin
Xu, Zhishan
TI Cooperative action and compatibility between Portland cement and MSWI
bottom ash alkali-activated double gel system materials
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali-activated slag; MSWI bottom ash; Portland cement;
Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H); Hydration products
ID FLY-ASH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT; GEOPOLYMER
CONCRETE; BLENDED CEMENT; MORTARS; CALCIUM; HYDRATION; TEMPERATURE;
CARBONATION
AB This study investigated the cooperative action and compatibility between
Portland cement and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash alkali-
activated double gel system materials, focusing on the two different methods of
mixed casting and layered casting. The results show that alkali-activated materials
and Portland cement have a severe incompatibility problem when mixed casting is
used. However, layered casting completely solves this compatibility problem in
double gelled system materials. This is because liquid sodium silicate accelerates
the initial setting time in alkali-activated materials and thus eliminates the
influence between polymerization and hydration. Furthermore, alkali-activated
materials can compensate for the lack of calcium by absorbing the Ca(OH)(2)
generated by the hydration of Portland cement. In this case, Calcium-Silicate-
Hydrate (C-S-H) and Aluminium-Modified Calcium-Silicate Hydrate (C-A-S-H) gels are
formed, which strengthens the interface transition zone. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Huang, Guodong; Yuan, Liang] Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn &
Construct, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Guodong; Ji, Yongsheng; Liu, Benlin; Xu, Zhishan] China Univ Min &
Technol, State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn, Xuzhou 21116, Jiangsu,
Peoples R China.
[Huang, Guodong] Jiangsu Collaborat Innovat Ctr Bldg Energy Saving, Xuzhou
21116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Science & Technology; China University of Mining &
Technology
RP Huang, GD (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Civil Engn &
Construct, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.; Huang, GD (corresponding
author), China Univ Min & Technol, State Key Lab Geomech & Deep Underground Engn,
Xuzhou 21116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Huang, GD (corresponding author), Jiangsu
Collaborat Innovat Ctr Bldg Energy Saving, Xuzhou 21116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM hgd522500@163.com
OI Ji, Yongsheng/0000-0002-7414-9719
FU JiangSu Collaborative Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and
Construction Technology [SJXTQ1615]
FX This study was supported by the funding through JiangSu Collaborative
Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and Construction Technology
(No. SJXTQ1615).
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Tuyan M, 2018, COMPOS PART B-ENG, V135, P242, DOI
10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.10.013
Wang XY, 2017, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V102, P1, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.08.010
Ye HL, 2017, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V101, P131, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.08.025
Ye HL, 2016, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V88, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.07.001
Zhang J, 2017, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V152, P598, DOI
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.027
NR 56
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 6
U2 59
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
PD JUN 10
PY 2019
VL 209
BP 445
EP 453
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.141
PG 9
GA HZ2XV
UT WOS:000468713000042
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ghodrat, M
Rhamdhani, MA
Khaliq, A
Brooks, G
Samali, B
AF Ghodrat, Maryam
Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar
Khaliq, Abdul
Brooks, Geoffrey
Samali, Bijan
TI Thermodynamic analysis of metals recycling out of waste printed circuit
board through secondary copper smelting
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic analysis; Waste PCBs; Secondary copper smelting; Precious
metals
ID ELECTRONIC WASTE; FLUORESCENT LAMPS; RARE-EARTHS; CYCLE; RECOVERY;
CONSEQUENCES; PERSPECTIVE; TECHNOLOGY; LIBERATION; MANAGEMENT
AB In this paper, a detailed thermodynamic analysis of processing of electronic
waste (e-waste), particularly printed circuit boards (PCB), through secondary
copper recycling (black copper smelting), was carried out. The mass balance
flowsheets of two scenarios, i.e., the case of secondary copper recycling with
(SCE1) and without (SCE2) addition of PCBs, have been developed and compared. From
the perspective of recovery of copper (Cu), gold (Au), and silver (Ag); the
thermodynamic analysis predicted that the process conditions at temperature of 1300
degrees C and oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)) of 10-8 atm are suitable for PCB
processing through secondary copper smelting route. Under these conditions, no
solid phases were predicted to form when the PCB addition is below 50 wt%. High PCB
addition was predicted to produce high volume of slag in the process and more
pollutants in the gas phase (Br-based gaseous compounds). The chemistry of the slag
was also predicted to change that is shifting the liquidus temperature to a higher
value due to the presence of aluminium (Al), silica (SiO2), and titanium dioxide
(TiO2) in the feed coming from the PCB. The carbon content of the PCB potentially
supplies additional heat and reductant (CO) in the process hence can partially
replace coke in the feed material. The predicted recoveries of copper (Cu), gold
(Au), and silver (Ag) from e-waste were 83.3, 96.5, and 88.5 wt% respectively.
C1 [Ghodrat, Maryam; Samali, Bijan] Western Sydney Univ, Sch Comp Engn & Math, Ctr
Infrastruct Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar; Khaliq, Abdul; Brooks, Geoffrey] Swinburne Univ
Technol, Dept Mech Engn & Prod Design Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
C3 Western Sydney University; Swinburne University of Technology
RP Ghodrat, M (corresponding author), Western Sydney Univ, Sch Comp Engn & Math,
Ctr Infrastruct Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM M.ghodrat@westernsydney.edu.au; arhamdhani@swin.edu.au;
aks1445@gmail.com; gbrooks@swin.edu.au; B.Samali@westernsydney.edu.au
RI Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar/ACM-2274-2022; Khaliq, Abdul/AAR-5080-2020
OI Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar/0000-0002-9457-3808; Khaliq,
Abdul/0000-0002-8512-105X; Brooks, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8499-780X; Samali,
Bijan/0000-0002-3426-7745; Ghodrat, Maryam/0000-0003-4009-5262
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NR 50
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1438-4957
EI 1611-8227
J9 J MATER CYCLES WASTE
JI J. Mater. Cycles Waste Manag.
PD JAN
PY 2018
VL 20
IS 1
BP 386
EP 401
DI 10.1007/s10163-017-0590-8
PG 16
GA FS6GS
UT WOS:000419896500038
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, JG
Park, JH
AF Yang, Jun Gil
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Distribution Behavior of Aluminum and Titanium Between Nickel-Based
Alloys and Molten Slags in the Electro Slag Remelting (ESR) Process
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; CAO-SIO2-MNO SLAG; EQUILIBRIUM; SYSTEM; OXIDE;
CAPACITY; SILICON; DIAGRAM; <XCAF2
AB The equilibrium reaction between Ni alloys and CaO-Al2O3-CaF2-TiO2 system
electroslag remelting (ESR) slags was investigated in the temperature range of 1773
K to 1873 K (1500 A degrees C to 1600 A degrees C) at p(O-2) = 10(-16) atm in order
to obtain the optimized composition of the slags for producing Ni alloys with
various Al and Ti ratios. In addition, the temperature dependence of the reaction
equilibria between the ESR slags and Ni alloys was also evaluated. The stable ionic
species of titanium in the ESR slag under the present experimental conditions was
experimentally confirmed to be mainly Ti4+ (i.e., TiO2) by X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy analysis of the quenched samples. The activity-composition
relationship of TiO2 and Al2O3 in the ESR slag was determined as a function of the
Al/Ti ratio of the alloys and the CaF2 content of the slags in conjunction with the
activity ratio of Al to Ti in the alloys calculated from the FactSage(TM) 7.0
software. The temperature dependence of the activity-composition relationship of
TiO2 and Al2O3 in the slag showed good linear correlations, and the equilibrium
content ratio of TiO2 to Al2O3 at a fixed activity ratio increased with increasing
temperature, which was expected based on the standard enthalpy change of the
reaction. Thus, higher amounts of TiO2 should be added at higher operation
temperatures in the ESR process. A 120 kg scale pilot ESR test (2000 A and 16 V)
was performed to produce a commercial grade Ni-based superalloy based on the
activity-composition relationship of the slag components obtained in the present
study. Consequently, the contents of Al and Ti in the solidified ESR ingot were
nearly the same as that of the original electrode throughout the entire length (280
mm) after the ESR process. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2017
C1 [Yang, Jun Gil; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 426791, South
Korea.
South Korea.
FU National Research Foundation of Korea [22A20130012792] Funding Source:
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NR 36
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 4
BP 2147
EP 2156
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-0994-9
PG 10
Engineering
GA EZ2CC
UT WOS:000404516400023
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kaushik, P
Lowry, M
Yin, H
Pielet, H
AF Kaushik, P.
Lowry, M.
Yin, H.
Pielet, H.
TI Inclusion characterisation for clean steelmaking and quality control
LA English
DT Article
DE Inclusion control; Steel cleanliness; Automated SEM; Total oxygen;
Remelt buttons; AHSS steels; Ca treatment
ID CALCIUM
AB Improving steelmaking and casting processes to adapt to the requirements of
internal and external customers involves continuous monitoring and evaluation of
existing and development of new steel refining practices. Internal quality control
of semifinished products requires tools that can correlate product defects to
process anomalies. This article focuses on use of techniques such as measurement of
complete steel and slag chemistry, inclusion analysis, process analysis and
thermodynamics to assess the influence of process conditions on product properties.
Examples from both long and flat products, including low carbon aluminium killed
steels, medium carbon aluminium killed steels, advanced high strength steels and
free machining steels, are presented to explain the benefit of using these tools to
understand the process conditions necessary for clean steelmaking and thus improve
product quality.
C1 [Kaushik, P.; Lowry, M.; Yin, H.; Pielet, H.] ArcelorMittal Global Res & Dev,
Steelmaking & Refractories, E Chicago, IN 46312 USA.
C3 ArcelorMittal
RP Kaushik, P (corresponding author), ArcelorMittal Global Res & Dev, Steelmaking &
Refractories, 3001 E Columbus Dr, E Chicago, IN 46312 USA.
EM pallava.kaushik@arcelormittal.com
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Automated Steel Cleanliness Assessment Tool (ASCAT), AUT STEEL CLEANL ASS
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NR 25
TC 22
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 18
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD MAY
PY 2012
VL 39
IS 4
BP 284
EP 300
DI 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000069
PG 17
GA 927OM
UT WOS:000302917400007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lin, KL
Wang, KS
Tzeng, BY
Lin, CY
AF Lin, KL
Wang, KS
Tzeng, BY
Lin, CY
TI The., hydration characteristics and utilization of slag obtained by the
vitrification of MSWI fly ash
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
CT Conference on Sustainable Wastes Management
CY OCT, 2003
CL SARDINIA, ITALY
AB This study investigated the effects of slag composition on the hydration
characteristics of slag blended cement (SBC) pastes. Synthetic slag samples were
prepared by melting CaO-modified and Al2O3-modified municipal solid waste
incinerator (MSWI) fly ash. MSWI fly ash was mixed with 5% CaO and 5% Al2O3 (by
weight), respectively, resulting in two fly ash mixtures. These mixtures were then
melted at 1400 degreesC for 30 min to produce two types of slag with different
contents, designated at C-slag and A-slag. Both the C-slag and A-slag samples
exhibited a pozzolanic activity index higher than the unmodified slag sample. The
results show that the synthetic slags all met the Taiwan EPA's current regulatory
thresholds. These synthetic slags were then blended with ordinary Portland cement
(OPC) at various weight ratios ranging from 10 to 40%. The 28-day strength of the
C1 paste was higher than that developed by the OPC paste, suggesting that the C-
slag contributed to the earlier strength of the SBC pastes. At curing times beyond
28 days, the strength of the A1 paste samples approached that of the OPC paste
samples. It can be seen from this that increasing the amount of calcium and
aluminum oxide increases the early strength of SBC. The C-slag blended cement paste
samples showed an increase in the number of fine pores with the curing time,
showing that the C-slag enhanced the pozzolanic reactions, filling the pores. Also,
the incorporation of a 10% addition of C-slag also tended to enhance the degree of
hydration of the SBC pastes during the early ages (3-28 days). However, at later
ages, no significant difference in degree of hydration between the OPC pastes and
the SBC pastes was observed with the 10% C-slag addition. However, the
incorporation of A-slag did decreased the degree of hydration. A slag blend ratio
of 40% significantly decreased the hydration degree. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 Natl Ilan Technol Coll, Dept Environm Engn, Ilan 260, Taiwan.
Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Environm Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
C3 National Central University
RP Lin, KL (corresponding author), Natl Ilan Technol Coll, Dept Environm Engn, Ilan
260, Taiwan.
EM kllin@mail.ev.ncu.edu.tw
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NR 14
TC 22
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 18
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
EI 1879-2456
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PY 2004
VL 24
IS 2
BP 199
EP 205
DI 10.1016/S0956-053X(03)00131-4
PG 7
GA 773GK
UT WOS:000188889400011
PM 14761759
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rabah, MA
AF Rabah, MA
TI Preparation of aluminium-magnesium alloys and some valuable salts from
used beverage cans
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB The purpose of this work is to recover standard aluminium-magnesium alloy(s) and
some valuable salts from used beverage cans (UBCs). The suggested method updated
the current recycling technology by augmenting removal of the coating paint,
decreasing magnesium loss during melting process and improving hydrochloric acid
leaching of the formed slag. Iron impurity present in the leaching solution, was
removed by oxidation using oxygen gas or hydrogen peroxide and filtered as
goethite. Results obtained revealed that a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone/dimethyl
formamide entirely removes the paint coating at room temperature. The process
compares favorably to the current methods involving firing or swell peeling. The
coating decomposes to titanium dioxide by heating at 750 degreesC for 30 min.
Standard compositions of Al-Mg alloys are formulated using secondary magnesium. The
extent of recovery (R) of these alloy(s) is a function of the melting time and
temperature and type of the flux. The maximum (R) value amounts to 94.4%. Sodium
borate/chloride mix decreases magnesium loss to a minimum. The extent of leaching
valuable salts from the slag increases with increasing the molarity, stoichiometric
ratio and leaching temperature of-the acid used. Removal of iron is a function of
the potential of the oxidation process. Stannous chloride has been recovered from
the recovered and dried salts by distillation at 700-750 degreesC. (C) 2003
Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Cent Met R&D Inst, Ind Wastes Lab, Cairo 11421, Egypt.
RP Rabah, MA (corresponding author), Cent Met R&D Inst, Ind Wastes Lab, POB 87,
Cairo 11421, Egypt.
EM rucmrdi@rusys.eg.net
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NR 20
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 18
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
EI 1879-2456
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PY 2003
VL 23
IS 2
BP 173
EP 182
AR PII S0956-053X(02)00152-6
DI 10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00152-6
PG 10
GA 654WX
UT WOS:000181520900010
PM 12623092
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jian, ZY
Jie, WQ
AF Jian, ZY
Jie, WQ
TI Criterion for judging the homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB A criterion for judging the nucleation form in highly undercooled liquid has,
respectively, been derived from the nucleation and structure of liquid. It is found
that the nucleation form of a highly undercooled liquid can be judged by
determining the S-nu in the liquid (where S-nu, is the surface area of the supposed
catalyst in a unit volume of the liquid). When the determined value of S-nu, is
equal to 10(10+/-1) m(-1), the liquid has nucleated homogeneously; it has nucleated
heterogeneously if the determined value of S-nu is less than 10(10+/-1) m(-1). By
calculating the values of S-nu in highly undercooled aluminum, copper, and silver,
it is found that only silver melted under a slag has been undercooled to its
undercooling of homogeneous nucleation.
C1 Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples
R China.
Xian Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710032, Peoples R China.
C3 Northwestern Polytechnical University
RP Jian, ZY (corresponding author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab
Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
RI Jian, Zengyun/U-4025-2017
OI Jian, Zengyun/0000-0002-0775-9461
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NR 15
TC 22
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 13
PI WARRENDALE
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2001
VL 32
IS 2
BP 391
EP 395
DI 10.1007/s11661-001-0270-z
PG 5
Engineering
GA 398VK
UT WOS:000166777000020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Wang, WL
Shao, HQ
AF Zhang, Lei
Wang, Wan-lin
Shao, Han-qing
TI Review of non-reactive CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes
for casting high-aluminum steel
LA English
DT Review
DE High-Al steel; CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux; Thermophysical property;
Lubrication; Crystallization
ID HIGH-AL STEEL; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TRANSFER; VISCOUS
BEHAVIOR; TIO2 ADDITION; SLAG; VISCOSITY; LI2O; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM
AB Advanced high-strength steels (AHSSs) have been gradually applied to modern auto
industry, as they have the advantages of improving the steel strength and
lightening the car weight, which not only ensures the safety but also saves the
energy. However, the high-aluminum (Al) content in AHSSs may react with SiO2 in
conventional CaO-SiO2-based mold flux during the process of continuous casting,
which leads to the deterioration of the mold flux properties and a poor slab
quality. Then, the non-reactive CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux was proposed and has been
developing for the casting process of high-Al steels, but there are some problems
of low consumption and insufficient lubrication that need to be solved. Thus,
previous researches on the effect of each component on the properties of CaO-Al2O3-
based mold flux were systematically summarized, and the situation of plant trials
on CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux was evaluated. The results indicated that the proposed
CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes could avoid the slag-metal reaction problems; however,
the problems of lubrication, crystallization and heat transfer issues still exist.
Therefore, tremendous works still need to be conducted for the development of new
generation of CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux system. The review was performed aiming to
provide a technical guidance for designing and optimizing CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux
system that meets the demand of the continuous casting process of high-Al steels.
C1 [Zhang, Lei; Wang, Wan-lin; Shao, Han-qing] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm,
EM wanlin.wang@csu.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Lei/ABA-4375-2021
OI Zhang, Lei/0000-0002-1758-5733
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1760202, 51661130154];
Newton Advanced fellowship [NA150320]
FX The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China
(U1760202, 51661130154) and the Newton Advanced fellowship (NA150320) is
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.07.029
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Huang XH, 2002, FERROUS METALLURGICA
Ji CX, 2015, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V22, P53, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(15)30138-2
Jung SS, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS B, V43, P1530, DOI 10.1007/s11663-012-9725-4
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706X(16)30099-1
Zhou L, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS E, V2, P99, DOI 10.1007/s40553-015-0047-8
NR 47
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 66
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD APR
PY 2019
VL 26
IS 4
SI SI
BP 336
EP 344
DI 10.1007/s42243-018-00226-2
PG 9
GA HX8DO
UT WOS:000467636400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mu, HY
Zhang, TS
Fruehan, RJ
Webler, BA
AF Mu, Haoyuan
Zhang, Tongsheng
Fruehan, Richard J.
Webler, Bryan A.
TI Reduction of CaO and MgO Slag Components by Al in Liquid Fe
LA English
DT Article
ID SECONDARY REFINING PROCESS; FERRITIC STAINLESS-STEEL; KINETIC-MODEL;
MOLTEN STEEL; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; CALCIUM
TREATMENT; ALLOYED STEEL; EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM
AB This study documents laboratory-scale observations of reactions between Fe-Al
alloys (0.1 to 2 wt pct Al) with slags and refractories. Al in steels is known to
reduce oxide components in slag and refractory. With continued development of Al-
containing Advanced High-Strength Steel (AHSS) grade, the effects of higher Al must
be examined because reduction of components such as CaO and MgO could lead to
uncontrolled modification of non-metallic inclusions. This may lead to castability
or in-service performance problems. In this work, Fe-Al alloys and CaO-MgO-Al2O3
slags were melted in an MgO crucible and samples were taken at various times up to
60 minutes. Inclusions from these samples were characterized using an automated
scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive x-ray analysis
(SEM/EDS). Initially Al2O3 inclusions were modified to MgAl2O4, then MgO, then MgO
+ CaO-Al2O3-MgO liquid inclusions. Modification of the inclusions was faster at
higher Al levels. Very little Ca modification was observed except at 2 wt pct Al
level. The thermodynamic feasibility of inclusion modification and some of the mass
transfer considerations that may have led to the differences in the Mg and Ca
modification behavior were discussed.
C1 [Mu, Haoyuan] Adv Refractories Div Vesuvius, Bettsville, OH 44815 USA.
[Zhang, Tongsheng; Fruehan, Richard J.; Webler, Bryan A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ,
Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Zhang, Tongsheng] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
[Zhang, Tongsheng] Cent S Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res Clean Met, Changsha, Hunan,
Peoples R China.
[Webler, Bryan A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; Central South University; Central South
University; Carnegie Mellon University
RP Webler, BA (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking
Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM webler@cmu.edu
OI Webler, Bryan/0000-0003-1032-8678; Mu, Haoyuan/0000-0001-5976-1849
FU [MCF-677785]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the industrial members of the
Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research as well as helpful discussions
with Prof. Chris Pistorius. We also acknowledge the use of the Materials
Characterization Facility at Carnegie Mellon University supported by
Grant MCF-677785.
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NR 39
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2018
VL 49
IS 4
BP 1665
EP 1674
DI 10.1007/s11663-018-1294-8
PG 10
Engineering
GA GM8IO
UT WOS:000438469300013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, XX
Liu, GR
Wang, M
Liu, WB
Tang, C
Li, L
Zheng, MH
AF Jiang, Xiaoxu
Liu, Guorui
Wang, Mei
Liu, Wenbin
Tang, Chen
Li, Li
Zheng, Minghui
TI Case study of polychlorinated naphthalene emissions and factors
influencing emission variations in secondary aluminum production
LA English
DT Article
DE Secondary aluminum production; Smelting stages; Polychlorinated
naphthalene; Solid residues; Chloride additives
ID DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ATMOSPHERIC
EMISSION; RELATIVE POTENCIES; COKING INDUSTRIES; BIPHENYLS; PLANT;
METALLURGY; RESPONSES; SEDIMENT
AB Secondary aluminum production has been recognized as an important source of
polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs). Large variations in PCN emissions as the
smelting process proceeds have not been determined. In this study, solid and
gaseous discharges, including fly ash, slag, and stack gas samples collected from
four secondary smelting plants during different smelting stages were analyzed for
PCNs. The average emission factor of Sigma(1-8)PCNs to air was calculated to be
17.4 mg t(-1), with a range of 4.3-29.5 mg t(-1). The average emission factors of
Sigma(1-8)PCNs from fly ash and slag were 55.5 ng t(-1) and 0.13 ng t(-1),
respectively. The derived emission factors may enable a more accurate estimation of
annual emissions and a more comprehensive knowledge of the distribution of PCNs
emitted from secondary aluminum production. The emission levels and characteristics
of PCNs during different smelting stages were compared. Possible factors, including
the organic impurities from aluminum scrap, fuel, and chloride additives, which
could contribute to variations in PCN emissions and characteristics were discussed.
These results may provide useful information for developing better control
strategies for reducing PCN emissions in secondary aluminum production. (C) 2015
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jiang, Xiaoxu; Liu, Guorui; Wang, Mei; Liu, Wenbin; Tang, Chen; Li, Li; Zheng,
Minghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Chem &
Ecotoxicol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Research Center for Eco-Environmental
Sciences (RCEES)
RP Liu, GR (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, State
Key Lab Environm Chem & Ecotoxicol, POB 2871, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
EM grliu@rcees.ac.cn; zhengmh@rcees.ac.cn
RI liu, wen/HGE-3071-2022; 刘, 国瑞/GYD-5312-2022
OI 刘, 国瑞/0000-0002-8462-6734
FU National 973 Program [2015CB453100]; National Natural Science Foundation
of China [21477147, 21477150]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [YSW2013A01]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the National 973 Program
(2015CB453100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21477147,
21477150), and Chinese Academy of Sciences (YSW2013A01).
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NR 36
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 85
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-3894
EI 1873-3336
J9 J HAZARD MATER
PD APR 9
PY 2015
VL 286
BP 545
EP 552
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.009
PG 8
GA CE6QN
UT WOS:000351963100063
PM 25637821
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fu, XJ
Wen, GH
Tang, P
Liu, Q
Zhou, ZY
AF Fu, X. J.
Wen, G. H.
Tang, P.
Liu, Q.
Zhou, Z. Y.
TI Effects of CaO/Al2O3 ratio on crystallisation
behaviour of CaO-Al2O3 based mould fluxes for high
aluminium TRIP steel
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3 based mould fluxes; High aluminium TRIP steel; Crystallisation
tendency
AB When CaO-Al2O3 based mould fluxes for casting high aluminium transformation
induced plasticity steel are used, some problems such as thick slag rims and low
slag consumption resulted in the failure of sequence casting. The main reason for
those problems is the strong crystallisation tendency of mould fluxes. In this
paper, an HF-200 mould slag film simulator, hot thermocouple technique, scanning
electron microscope and X-ray diffraction were applied to investigate the
crystallisation tendency of mould fluxes at different CaO/Al2O3 ratios. The results
showed that the thickness of slag film varied with CaO/Al2O3 ratio, being a minimum
at 1.5 where the crystallisation tendency was weakest. With the increase in
CaO/Al2O3 ratio, the precipitated crystal changed from CaF2 and LiAlO2 to Ca3Al2O6
and CaO. In order to reduce the yield of thick slag rim and improve consumption,
the optimum CaO/Al2O3 ratio of mould fluxes is 0.9-2.0.
C1 [Fu, X. J.; Wen, G. H.; Tang, P.; Liu, Q.; Zhou, Z. Y.] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat
Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
RP Wen, GH (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM wengh@cqu.edu.cn
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51274260).
CR Becker J. J., 2005, AISTECH 2005 P I STE, V11, P99
Blazek K., 2011, ECCC METEC DUSS GERM, P1
Courtney L, 2001, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V28, P412, DOI 10.1179/030192301678280
10.1016/j.cossms.2004.10.002
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[王欢 WANG Huan], 2011, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
[王欢 Wang Huan], 2010, [过程工程学报, The Chinese Journal of Process
Wen GH, 2008, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V15, P32, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(08)60140-5
[杨波 Yang Bo], 2011, [过程工程学报, The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering],
V11, P349
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V10, P1153
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NR 27
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 16
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JUN
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 5
BP 342
EP 349
DI 10.1179/1743281213Y.0000000156
PG 8
GA AI7JP
UT WOS:000337065400004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JH
Wang, GX
Bao, YP
Yang, Y
Yao, W
Cui, XN
AF Liu Jian-hua
Wang Guo-xuan
Bao Yan-ping
Yang Yan
Yao Wei
Cui Xiao-ning
TI Inclusion Variations of Hot Working Die Steel H13 in Refining Process
LA English
DT Article
DE hot working die steel; ESR; cleanness; refining slag; modification
AB Inclusion variations of die steel H13, including changes of species,
morphologies, compositions, amounts and sizes, in the production of EAF -> LF -> VD
-> ingot casting -> electro-slag refining (ESR) procedure, were investigated by
systematic sampling, and analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy
dispersive spectrum (EDS), and metallographic microscope. The variation mechanism
was studied by comprehensive analysis of total oxygen, nitrogen, and acid soluble
aluminum as well as chemical test of refining slag. Based on the investigations,
technical measures for cleanness improvement were discussed. The results show that
oxide inclusions in H13 steel change from irregular Al2O3 -> near globular CaO-MgO-
Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 complex inclusions -> finer CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with
higher CaO content -> CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 inclusions with higher Al2O3 content and
irregular MgO-Al2O3 inclusions -> fine irregular MgO-Al2O3-CaS inclusions in
various steps of the production; the variations are related with changes of acid
soluble aluminum content, reactions between slag and steel, re-oxidation of liquid
steel during casting, and refining of ESR. It is also found that Al2O3 inclusions
are modified by refining slag in LF and VD refining; and ESR plays a good role in
inclusion removal, especially in controlling the large linear VC-CrC-MoC inclusions
distributed in grain boundaries. It is suggested that casting protection should be
improved, and the basicity of refining slag and acid soluble aluminum content in
steel should be raised.
C1 [Liu Jian-hua; Bao Yan-ping; Yang Yan] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Met Engn
Inst, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang Guo-xuan; Yao Wei; Cui Xiao-ning] Zhongyuan Special Steel Co Ltd, Ctr
Tech, Jiyuan 454685, Henan, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, JH (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Met Engn Inst,
EM liujianhua@163.com
FU National Science and Technology Support Plan of China [2009AA04Z163]
FX Item Sponsored by National Science and Technology Support Plan of China
(2009AA04Z163)
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NR 11
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 30
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD NOV
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 11
BP 1
EP 7
PG 7
GA 107RB
UT WOS:000316237400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XH
Long, H
Cheng, GG
Wu, CC
Wu, B
AF Yang Xiaohong
Long Hu
Cheng Guoguang
Wu Chengchuan
Wu Bin
TI Effect of refining slag containing Ce2O3 on steel
cleanliness
SO JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ce2O3 slag; inclusion; cleanliness; rare earths
ID CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS; DISSOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; CERIUM; ALLOY; GD; LA; ND
AB The effect of pre-melting refining slag containing different contents of Ce2O3
on the absorption and modification of Al2O3 inclusion in an Al-killed steel was
investigated through the slag/steel reaction experiment at 1600 degrees C. It was
found that the replacement of 10 wt.% Al2O3 with Ce2O3 for 50 wt.%CaO-33 wt.%Al2O3-
7 wt.%MgO-10 wt.%SiO2 refining slag promoted the slag absorption ability of alumina
inclusion, which made the total oxygen content determined by infrared absorption
method decrease from 100 to 25 ppm in 15 min. The Mg-Al-Ce-O type inclusion was
also detected in the as-solidified samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the Ce2O3 center dot Al2O3 type inclusions
would be formed with the cerium content in the range of 6.9 ppb to 3.6 ppm when the
content of aluminum was 0.01 wt.%.
C1 [Yang Xiaohong; Long Hu; Cheng Guoguang; Wu Chengchuan; Wu Bin] Univ Sci &
RP Cheng, GG (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM chengguoguang@metall.ustb.edu.cn
RI yang, xiao/HJI-7815-2023
FX Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(50734008)
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PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1002-0721
J9 J RARE EARTH
JI J. Rare Earths
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 29
IS 11
BP 1079
EP 1083
DI 10.1016/S1002-0721(10)60602-3
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Applied
SC Chemistry
GA 863HX
UT WOS:000298154500016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU FISCHER, WA
BARDENHE.PW
AF FISCHER, WA
BARDENHE.PW
TI EQUILIBRIA BETWEEN MANAGANESE ALUMINIUM AND OXYGEN-CONTAINING IRON MELTS
AND THEIR SLAGS IN A MANGANESE-DIOXIDE CRUCIBLE AT 1530 TO 1700 DEGREES
C
SO ARCHIV FUR DAS EISENHUTTENWESEN
LA English
DT Article
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TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0003-8962
J9 ARCH EISENHUTTENWES
PY 1968
VL 39
IS 9
BP 637
EP &
DI 10.1002/srin.196803570
PG 0
GA B8469
UT WOS:A1968B846900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, SP
Ghouleh, Z
He, Z
Hu, LL
Shao, YX
AF Zhang, Shipeng
Ghouleh, Zaid
He, Zhen
Hu, Lingling
Shao, Yixin
TI Use of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as a supplementary
cementitious material in dry-cast concrete
LA English
DT Article
DE Municipal solid waste incineration; Incineration bottom ash;
Supplementary cementitious material; Waste reuse; Dry-cast concrete
ID MSWI BOTTOM; FLY-ASH; MICROSTRUCTURE; HYDRATION; MORTARS; SLAG
AB This study evaluates the feasibility of partially replacing Portland cement in
concrete with bottom ash (BA) from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). The
challenge with this ash lies in its susceptibility to react expansively in alkaline
conditions, leading to cracking when used in conventional high-slump concrete. This
expansive behavior was confirmed to be the result of the dissolution of the ash's
aluminum metal content and consequent formation of hydrogen gas. The aim of this
study was to explore the suitability of BA as a cementitious additive in zero-slump
dry-cast concrete instead. The premise was that dry-cast could better diffuse the
generated gas and avoid internal pressure build-up. Results from isothermal
calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) clearly correlate enhancements
in early-age cement hydration and pozzolanic reactivity. Scanning electron
microscope (SEM) images revealed voids channels and larger aggregation formation in
the BA applied concrete paste. Dry-cast concrete containing 20% BA replacement of
cement exhibited higher strengths than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) reference
samples at every test age up to 90 days, with the ultimate strength of BA concrete
being 18% higher than that of OPC concrete. The addition of BA also improved
resistance to freeze-thaw damage. The study found that MSWI-BA can impart
enhancements to dry-cast concrete, qualifying it as a potentially suitable
supplementary cementitious material. Use of this otherwise landfilled ash as raw
feedstock in concrete-making demonstrates a greener approach to building - scoring
favorably in environmental performance for being relevant to resource conservation,
landfill diversion, and waste-recycling. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Shipeng; Ghouleh, Zaid; Shao, Yixin] McGill Univ, Dept Civil Engn & Appl
Mech, 817 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
[He, Zhen; Hu, Lingling] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower
Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
C3 McGill University; Wuhan University
RP Shao, YX (corresponding author), McGill Univ, Dept Civil Engn & Appl Mech, 817
Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
EM yixin.shao@mcgill.ca
RI hu, ling/GWC-1104-2022
OI Zhang, Shipeng/0000-0003-2433-549X
FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
Emerald Energy from Waste (EFW) incinerator in Brampton, Ontario, Canada
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Natural Science
and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada, and the Emerald
Energy from Waste (EFW) incinerator in Brampton, Ontario, Canada.
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NR 43
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 11
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0950-0618
EI 1879-0526
PD JAN 10
PY 2021
VL 266
AR 120890
DI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120890
PN A
PG 12
GA PI0LU
UT WOS:000600793000009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, XM
Zhi, LF
He, C
Kong, LX
Bai, J
Guhl, S
Meyer, B
Li, W
AF Li, Xiaoming
Zhi, Lifei
He, Chong
Kong, Lingxue
Bai, Jin
Guhl, Stefan
Meyer, Bernd
Li, Wen
TI The factors on metallic iron crystallization from slag of direct coal
liquefaction residue
SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-
CaO-MgO-TiO2-Na2O-K2O system in the
entrained flow gasification condition
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Direct coal liquefaction residue; Slag; Iron crystallization;
Agglomeration; Thermodynamic modelling
ID ASH FUSION TEMPERATURES; VISCOSITY BEHAVIOR; PRECIPITATION; PREDICTION;
SIMULATION; GASIFIER; CALCIUM; OXIDE
AB The gasification of direct coal liquefaction residue (DCLR) enhances the overall
economy of the direct coal liquefaction process. However, the DCLR ash is rich in
iron due to pyrite as the catalyst during liquefaction. Coal blending plan with
DCLR for gasification should consider the possibility of metallic iron
crystallization and agglomeration ahead of suitable viscosity range. In this study,
the iron behavior in the DCLR slag in the gasification condition was discussed by
the thermodynamic modelling of SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-CaO-MgO-TiO2-Na2OK2O. Results show
that the metallic iron forms only in the dry feed entrained flow gasifier for the
high content of reducing gases. The metallic iron crystallizes when Fe2+ of the
liquid phase fails to be stabilized by -Si-O. The competition reaction with -Si-O
between Ca2+ and Fe2+ and the formation of calcium aluminum-silicate also
contribute the metallic iron crystallization. In the gasification condition, the
metallic iron crystallization can be inhibited by decreasing the iron content/a
value (a= CaO/(SiO2+ Al2O3), mass ratio) or by increasing S/A (S/A= SiO2/Al2O3,
mass ratio) of DCLR ash. Finally, the DCLR blends with 3.5 wt% sand/8.0 wt%
mullite/50.0 wt % Dalai Nur coal/90.0 wt% Duolun coal is the feasible feedstock for
pulverized coal gasifier, because the temperature of iron crystallization is below
the tapping temperature of 1350 degrees C and the viscosity is less than 25 Pa.s.
C1 [Li, Xiaoming; Zhi, Lifei] Taiyuan Univ Sci & Technol, Chem & Biol Engn Coll,
Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
[He, Chong; Kong, Lingxue; Bai, Jin; Li, Wen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem,
State Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
[He, Chong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
[Guhl, Stefan; Meyer, Bernd] Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Energy Proc Engn
& Chem Engn, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
C3 Taiyuan University of Science & Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Technical University
Freiberg
RP Zhi, LF (corresponding author), Taiyuan Univ Sci & Technol, Chem & Biol Engn
Coll, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, Peoples R China.; He, C; Bai, J (corresponding
author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan
030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
EM Lifeizhi@yeah.net; hechong14@mails.ucas.ac.cn; stone@sxicc.ac.cn
OI , Chong/0000-0002-3264-3196; Bai, Jin/0000-0002-8623-1656
FU NSFC-DFG [21761132032]; Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province
[201801D121050, 201703D421033, U1510201]; Science and technology
innovation project of colleges and universities in Shanxi [2017158];
Shanxi Scholarship Council of China [2017-086]; CAS equipment project;
Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS [2011138]; Natural Science
Foundation of China [U1510201, U1703252]; Natural Science Foundation of
Xinjiang Province [U1703252]
FX This work was supported by the NSFC-DFG (Grant number 21761132032),
Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (Grant numbers
201801D121050 and 201703D421033), Science and technology innovation
project of colleges and universities in Shanxi (Grant number 2017158),
Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (Grant number 2017-086), Joint
Foundation of the Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanxi
Province (Grant number U1510201), Joint Foundation of the Natural
Science Foundation of China and Xinjiang Province (Grant number
U1703252), CAS equipment project, and the Youth Innovation Promotion
Association, CAS (Grant number 2011138).
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NR 32
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 77
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JUN 15
PY 2019
VL 246
BP 417
EP 424
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.03.017
PG 8
GA HP5YF
UT WOS:000461758800045
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tabatabaei, Y
Coley, KS
Irons, GA
Sun, S
AF Tabatabaei, Yousef
Coley, Kenneth S.
Irons, Gordon A.
Sun, Stanley
TI Model of Inclusion Evolution During Calcium Treatment in the Ladle
Furnace
LA English
DT Article
ID SLAG-METAL; KINETIC-MODEL; MOLTEN STEEL; LIQUID-IRON; ALUMINUM; OXYGEN
AB Calcium treatment of steel is typically employed to modify alumina inclusions to
liquid calcium aluminates. However, injected calcium also reacts with the dissolved
sulfur to form calcium sulfide. The current work aims to develop a kinetic model
for the evolution of oxide and sulfide inclusions in Al-killed alloyed steel during
Ca treatment in the ladle refining process. The model considers dissolution of the
calcium from the calcium bubbles into the steel and reduction of calcium oxide in
the slag to dissolved calcium. A steel-inclusion kinetic model is used for mass
transfer to the inclusion interface and diffusion within the calcium aluminate
phases formed on the inclusion. The inclusion-steel kinetic model is then coupled
with a previously developed steel-slag kinetic model. The coupled inclusion-steel-
slag kinetic model is applied to the chemical composition changes in molten steel,
slag, and evolution of inclusions in the ladle. The result of calculations is found
to agree well with an industrial heat for species in the steel as well as
inclusions during Ca treatment.
C1 [Tabatabaei, Yousef; Coley, Kenneth S.; Irons, Gordon A.] McMaster Univ, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Steel Res Ctr, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
[Sun, Stanley] ArcelorMittal Global R&D Hamilton, 1330 Burlington St E,
Hamilton, ON L8N 3J5, Canada.
C3 McMaster University
RP Tabatabaei, Y (corresponding author), McMaster Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Steel
Res Ctr, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L7, Canada.
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NR 43
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 42
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2018
VL 49
IS 4
BP 2022
EP 2037
DI 10.1007/s11663-018-1266-z
PG 16
Engineering
GA GM8IO
UT WOS:000438469300041
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, D
Chattopadhyay, K
AF Yu, D.
Chattopadhyay, K.
TI Numerical simulation of copper recovery from converter slags by the
utilisation of spent potlining (SPL) from aluminium electrolytic cells
SO CANADIAN METALLURGICAL QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cu converter slag; Matte; Spent potlining; SPL; Slag cleaning; FactSage
ID FURNACE
AB An innovative method was devised to improve copper recovery and operational
efficiency of the Cu converter slag-cleaning furnace, by utilising both carbon and
fluoride values of an otherwise environmental hazardous material (i.e. spent
potlining (SPL)) produced from the aluminium industry. Results based on numerical
modelling show that 90% Cu recovery could be achieved by adding as little as 3-4
wt-% of SPL to the molten converter slag. The fluorides and sodium-containing
compounds in the SPL reduced the slag viscosity, resulting in a much faster
settling rate of matte droplets. In this process, the SPL could be detoxified by
destroying the cyanides to form harmless N-2 gas, and inertising the fluorides in a
much diluted form in the ferro-silicate slag, ensuring a safe disposal to the
environment.
C1 [Yu, D.; Chattopadhyay, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Proc Met &
Modelling Grp, 184 Coll St,Suite 140, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
C3 University of Toronto
RP Yu, D (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Proc Met &
Modelling Grp, 184 Coll St,Suite 140, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
EM dawei.yu@mail.utoronto.ca
RI Yu, Dawei/AAE-7736-2021; Chattopadhyay, Kinnor/K-4806-2018; Yu,
Dawei/T-4077-2018
OI Chattopadhyay, Kinnor/0000-0002-0755-8846; Yu, Dawei/0000-0001-7606-4148
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10.1016/B978-0-08-096789-9.10011-3
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10.1016/B978-0-08-096789-9.10008-3
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von Krüger P, 2011, LIGHT MET, P275
Warczok A., 2007, CU2007, P367
NR 37
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 42
PI ABINGDON
SN 0008-4433
EI 1879-1395
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 2
BP 251
EP 260
DI 10.1080/00084433.2016.1181314
PG 10
GA DM6NN
UT WOS:000376469800016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Al Naimi, KM
Delclos, T
Calvet, N
AF Al Naimi, Kholoud M.
Delclos, Thomas
Calvet, Nicolas
BE Yan, J
Shamim, T
Chou, SK
Li, H
TI Industrial waste produced in the UAE, valuable high-temperature
materials for thermal energy storage applications
SO CLEAN, EFFICIENT AND AFFORDABLE ENERGY FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
CY MAR 28-31, 2015
CL Abu Dhabi, U ARAB EMIRATES
DE Thermal energy storage (TES); high-temperature; industrial waste;
furnace slags; aluminum dross; pot skimming
ID ALUMINUM DROSS; MOLTEN-SALTS
AB Several industrial waste from metal industries in the UAE have been identified
to be recycled as low-cost materials for high-temperature thermal energy storage
(TES) systems development. Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, ladle furnace (LF)
slag, aluminum pot skimming (APS) and aluminum white dross (AWD) have been
chemically and thermally characterized. Chemical analysis showed that these
materials contain relatively inert components and are non-hazardous in general
(neglected amount of heavy metals). In addition, except for APS, these wastes were
in general stable at high temperatures up to 1100 degrees C after performing one or
two thermal cycles. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Al Naimi, Kholoud M.; Delclos, Thomas; Calvet, Nicolas] Masdar Inst Sci &
Technol, Dept Mech & Mat Engn, Inst Ctr Energy IEnergy, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
C3 Khalifa University of Science & Technology
RP Calvet, N (corresponding author), Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Mat
Engn, Inst Ctr Energy IEnergy, POB 54224, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
EM ncalvet@masdar.ac.ae
CR Calvet N, ASME 6 EN SUST C MIN
Faik A, 2012, SOL ENERGY, V86, P139, DOI 10.1016/j.solener.2011.09.014
Gil A, 2014, EUR C THER EN STOR M
Gómez A, 2008, MATER TRANS, V49, P728, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.MRA2007129
Kere A, P INNOSTOCK 2012 C 1
Meffre A, P SOLARPACES 2011 C
Py X, 2001, J SOLAR ENERGY ENG, V133
The statistics portal, 2014, ALUMINUM PRODUCTION
NR 12
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 4
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2015
VL 75
BP 2087
EP 2092
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.320
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BD4SH
UT WOS:000361030003054
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Goto, H
Miyazawa, K
AF Goto, H
Miyazawa, K
TI Reoxidation behavior of molten steel in non-killed and Al-killed steels
LA English
DT Article
DE oxide; oxygen; deoxidation; reoxidation; manganese; aluminum; slag;
inclusion; steel
AB The effect of soluble oxygen on the reoxidation behavior by slag has been
investigated by comparing the oxygen content and oxide formation of non-killed
steel containing a soluble oxygen content of approximately 50 to 250 mass ppm with
those of Al-killed steel containing less soluble oxygen. In the non-killed steel,
oxides are not formed in molten steel even when oxygen is supplied from slag
because it does not contain aluminum which has strong affinity for oxygen. The
soluble oxygen content simply increases. In the Al-killed steel, however, the
oxygen supplied from slag reacts with aluminum to form alumina and most of them
float out.
C1 Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Kimitsu Works, Chiba 2991141, Japan.
Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Proc Res Technol Labs, Futtsu, Chiba 2938511, Japan.
Corporation
RP Goto, H (corresponding author), Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Kimitsu Works, Chiba
2991141, Japan.
CR Chakraborty S, 1996, STEEL PROC, V79, P487
HARA Y, 1991, CAMP ISIJ, V4, P1202
Kazushige UMEZAWA, 1977, TETSU TO HAGANE, V63, P2034
MATUFUJI K, 1982, NIPPON KOKAN TECH RE, P26
MIOZONO I, 1982, TETSU TO HAGANE, V68, P147
1984, 19 COMM STEELM JAP S
NR 8
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 2
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 1998
VL 38
IS 3
BP 256
EP 259
PG 4
GA ZW882
UT WOS:000074457800006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, GQ
Suito, H
AF Li, GQ
Suito, H
TI Electrochemical measurement of critical supersaturation in Fe-O-M (M=Al,
Si, and Zr) and Fe-O-Al-M (M=C, Mn, Cr, Si, and Ti) melts by solid
electrolyte galvanic cell
LA English
DT Article
DE deoxidation equilibrium; critical supersaturation; aluminum deoxidation;
solid electrolyte; zirconia; mullite
ID LIQUID-IRON; OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; SLAGS; THERMODYNAMICS; NITROGEN; ALLOY
AB The supersaturation ratio with respect to alumina precipitation, S-Al2O3
(=(partial derivative(Al)(2) .partial derivative(O)(3))(ss)/(partial derivative(Al)
(2) .partial derivative(O)(3))eq), in Fe-0-0.008 similar to 0.090mass%Al melt was
electrochemically measured at 1873K in an Al2O3 crucible by blowing CO2 gas or
adding an Fe-2mass%Al alloy intermittently, using plug-type ZrO2-9mol%MgO and tube-
type mullite probes. The S-ZrO2 (=(partial derivative(Zr).partial derivative(O)
(2))ss/(partial derivative(Zr).partial derivative(O)(2))eq) value in Fe-O-0.04mass
%Zr melt was also measured at 1873 K in a ZrO2-11mol%CaO crucible by adding an Fe-
4mass%Zr alloy. As a result, the critical values for log S-Al2O3 and log S-ZrO2
were 3.5 and 1.3, respectively, No supersaturation for the precipitation of SiO2
was observed. The presence of solute element M (M=C, Mn, Cr, Si, and Ti) in an Fe-
O-0.148 similar to 0.158mass%/Al melt was found to significantly influence the
supersaturation phenomenon.
RP Li, GQ (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST ADV MAT PROC,AOBA
KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
CR CHAN JC, 1973, CAN METALL QUART, V12, P439
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Li GQ, 1997, METALL MATER TRANS B, V28, P259, DOI 10.1007/s11663-997-0092-5
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VONBOGDANDY L, 1961, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V32, P451
NR 26
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 2
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 1997
VL 37
IS 8
BP 762
EP 769
PG 8
GA XR236
UT WOS:A1997XR23600005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU CHIARENZELLI, J
SCRUDATO, R
WUNDERLICH, M
RAFFERTY, D
JENSEN, K
OENGA, G
ROBERTS, R
PAGANO, J
AF CHIARENZELLI, J
SCRUDATO, R
WUNDERLICH, M
RAFFERTY, D
JENSEN, K
OENGA, G
ROBERTS, R
PAGANO, J
TI PHOTODECOMPOSITION OF PCBS ABSORBED ON SEDIMENT AND INDUSTRIAL-WASTE -
IMPLICATIONS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC TREATMENT OF CONTAMINATED SOLIDS
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PHOTODECHLORINATION;
DEGRADATION; SOLUBILITY; LIGHT; TIO2
AB PCBs in contaminated sediment and soil have been photodegraded in slurry
suspension with TiO2 and simulated solar illumination without pre-treatment or
amendments. Degradation of 81% of the PCBs in St. Lawrence River sediment was
achieved in a 24 h irradiation period. Replicate experiments using five times as
much sediment and half the light intensity yielded similar results. The observed
degradation rates of individual PCB congeners correspond with gas chromatograph
retention time and chlorine number. Lesser and ortho chlorinated PCBs are
preferentially photodecomposed. The solubility of individual congeners controls the
observed rate of decomposition by regulation of the transfer of PCBs to the aqueous
phase and thus effectively retards access to the catalyst (anatase). The rate and
degree of photodegradation can be enhanced by the use of lower wavelength
ultraviolet light which leads to hydroxylation of PCB congeners increasing
solubility and accessibility to photocatalytic reactions. Photodecomposition of
PCBs in a slurry composed of furnace ash, core sands, and aluminum-rich (>45%
Al2O3) slag from an aluminum foundry was increased from 45 to 88% during a 24 h
irradiation period by using low wattage UVC lamps instead of solar equivalent
illumination.
RP CHIARENZELLI, J (corresponding author), SUNY COLL OSWEGO,ENVIRONM RES CTR,319
PIEZ HALL,OSWEGO,NY 13126, USA.
OI Pagano, James/0000-0001-8278-6905
CR [Anonymous], 1974, CHEM PCBS
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NR 19
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 8
PI OXFORD
SN 0045-6535
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD SEP
PY 1995
VL 31
IS 5
BP 3259
EP 3272
DI 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00174-7
PG 14
GA RW143
UT WOS:A1995RW14300008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wetzig, T
Baaske, A
Karrasch, S
Brachhold, N
Rudolph, M
Aneziris, CG
AF Wetzig, Tony
Baaske, Andreas
Karrasch, Sven
Brachhold, Nora
Rudolph, Martin
TI Application of exchangeable carbon-bonded alumina foam filters in an
industrial tundish for the continuous casting of steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Continuous casting; Steel melt filtration; Carbon-bonded alumina;
Ceramic foam filter; Non-metallic inclusions
ID INCLUSION REMOVAL; TRANSPORT; QUALITY; METALS; FLOW; MOLD
AB Various melt refining techniques were developed in the past and led to ongoing
improvement of casting quality. One of these processes is the so-called metal melt
filtration, which became state of the art especially in aluminum foundry operations
by using ceramic foam filters. Attempts to adapt the technique for the continuous
casting of steel showed numerous difficulties due to the severe thermomechanical
conditions and the high quantity of processed melt. Premature blockage or failure
of ceramic foam filters implemented in the tundish promoted the application of flow
control devices and multi-hole filters as alternatives. In the present study, a new
approach for ceramic foam filters in the continuous casting of steel was tested.
Thereby, the main disadvantage of limited filter service lifetime was circumvented
by the application of an exchangeable filter system without disturbing the
underlying continuous casting process. Cylindrical carbon-bonded alumina foam
filters were prepared and mounted on alumina-carbon shafts using different
adhesives and slag protection measures. The filters were immersed by a crane into
the steel melt in an industrial tundish with 80 t capacity. During each test, one
batch with approximately 380 t of steel was cast at over 1550 degrees C before
removing the filter. The application of high alumina mortar as adhesive and a
compact filter geometry without macro channels proved to be essential for the
successful operation. Samples of the corresponding filter were analyzed by digital
light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. The
complementary investigations revealed the formation of pronounced clogging layers
based on aluminum-rich calcium aluminates, which can be clearly distinguished from
the synthetic slag material containing silicon and other trace elements. At the
bottom of the filter pronounced clusters of coral-like and plate-like inclusions
were observed, which approached the filter surface by buoyancy.
C1 [Wetzig, Tony; Brachhold, Nora; Aneziris, Christos G.] Tech Univ Bergakad
Freiberg, Inst Ceram Glass & Construct Mat, Agricolastr 17, D-09599 Freiberg,
Germany.
[Baaske, Andreas; Karrasch, Sven] Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG, Kaise Wilhelm
Str 100, D-47166 Duisburg, Germany.
[Rudolph, Martin] Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Mat Sci Struct Res, Gustav
Zeuner Str 5, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
C3 Technical University Freiberg; ThyssenKrupp AG; Technical University
Freiberg
RP Wetzig, T (corresponding author), TU Bergakad Freiberg, Agricolastr 17, D-09599
Freiberg, Germany.
EM tony.wetzig@ikgb.tu-freiberg.de
OI Wetzig, Tony/0000-0002-2944-2473
FU German Research Foundation, Germany (DFG) [CRC920]; thyssenkrupp Steel
Europe AG
FX The authors thank the German Research Foundation, Germany (DFG) for the
financial support of the subproject T01 within the framework of the
Collaborative Research Center (CRC920). Further thanks go to
thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG for the great collaboration and support as
well as to Dr.-Ing. Gert Schmidt for his assistance regarding the SEM
investigations.
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[No title captured]
NR 40
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD DEC 15
PY 2018
VL 44
IS 18
BP 23024
EP 23034
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.09.105
PG 11
GA HD2MU
UT WOS:000452345500126
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, HP
Ma, LP
Huang, XF
Yang, J
Tang, JX
Yang, J
Li, JD
Jiang, M
AF Liu, Hongpan
Ma, Liping
Huang, Xiaofeng
Yang, Jie
Tang, Jianxiao
Yang, Jing
Li, Jianduo
Jiang, Ming
TI Phase transformation of glass-ceramics produced by naturally cooled
yellow phosphorus slag during calcination
LA English
DT Review
DE Naturally cooled phosphorus slag; Glass-ceramics; Phase transformation;
Process prediction
ID PRECIPITATED SILICA; ASH; CRYSTALLIZATION; REMOVAL
AB Naturally cooled phosphorus slag is formed during the production of phosphorus,
which contributes to a serious environmental pollution. The crystallization
kinetics has already been evaluated in previously published studies during the
process of CaO-Al2O3 SiO2(CAS) glass-ceramics preparation from naturally cooling
phosphorus slag. This study was focused on calculating the thermodynamic
equilibrium phases of Ca, Al and Si using FactSage6.4 thermodynamic software
package at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy were employed to examine the phase
status of Ca, Al and Si elements. The results showed that phase transformation
started at 450 degrees C and formation of liquid slag phase occurred at 950 degrees
C in naturally cooled yellow phosphorus slag heated to molten state. The calcium-
containing phase had changed to CaO(slag) and Ca-3(PO4)(2) at high temperatures.
Also, aluminum-containing components present in liquid Al2O3 slag phase formed at
1000 degrees C and silica-containing phase at high temperatures were dominated by
SiO2, CaSiO3, and SiO2(-slag). Finally, SiO2 and further migration to molten
SiO2(slag) were noticed as the temperature rose. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Liu, Hongpan; Ma, Liping; Huang, Xiaofeng; Yang, Jie; Tang, Jianxiao; Yang,
Jing; Li, Jianduo; Jiang, Ming] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Environm Sci &
Engn, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Jiang, Ming] Yunnan Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Kunming 650201,
Yunnan, Peoples R China.
C3 Kunming University of Science & Technology; Yunnan Agricultural
University
RP Ma, LP (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Environm Sci &
EM lipingma_kmust@163.com
RI ma, li/HOH-7275-2023
FU Fund for Analyzing and Testing of Kunming University of Science and
Technology [2016P2014607009, 2016T11304019]
FX The authors thank the support of Fund for Analyzing and Testing of
Kunming University of Science and Technology (2016P2014607009,
2016T11304019).
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NR 27
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 60
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD JUL 25
PY 2017
VL 712
BP 510
EP 516
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.134
PG 7
GA EV6LN
UT WOS:000401881000065
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, HL
Ye, JS
Wu, XL
Peng, YS
Fang, Y
Zhao, XB
AF Yang, Hulin
Ye, Jiansong
Wu, Xiaoliang
Peng, Yongsheng
Fang, Yi
Zhao, Xinbing
TI Optimum Composition of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO Slag for Spring
Steel Deoxidized by Si and Mn in Production
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; INCLUSIONS
AB The relations between plasticity of inclusions and contents of oxygen, aluminum,
and sulfur in molten steel were overall discussed by thermodynamics and FactSage
software. Then, the optimum compositions of slag were obtained and the activities
of components of refining slag system were analyzed. Finally, experiments were
carried out based on the results of calculation. According to the relations, it
could achieve better effect to improve basicity R (R = CaO/SiO2 by mass pct) and
C/A (C/A = CaO/Al2O3 by mass pct) in the low melting temperature [<= 1673 K (<=
1400 degrees C)] region of refining slag as far as possible. For the CaO-SiO2-
Al2O3-MgO slag, the optimum compositions are MgO: 5- 9 pct, CaO: 47.4-50.2 pct,
SiO2: 41.9-45.6 pct and Al2O3: <= 2.79 pct, respectively, in which the basicity is
at the range of 1.0 to 1.19 and C/A is above 9.0. It is proved by experiments that
the plasticity of inclusions and the contents of [O], [Al], and [S] can be
controlled effectively by the optimum composition of refining slag, and the high
cleanness is achieved in spring wire rods. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials
C1 [Yang, Hulin; Ye, Jiansong; Wu, Xiaoliang; Peng, Yongsheng] Hangzhou Iron &
Steel Grp Co, Ctr Technol, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Hulin; Fang, Yi] Hangzhou Iron & Steel Grp Co, Elect Furnace Co LTD,
Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Xinbing] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat & Ecol Engn, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang,
Peoples R China.
C3 Zhejiang University
RP Yang, HL (corresponding author), Hangzhou Iron & Steel Grp Co, Ctr Technol,
Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.; Yang, HL (corresponding author),
Hangzhou Iron & Steel Grp Co, Elect Furnace Co LTD, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang,
Peoples R China.
EM yanghulin2612261@163.com
RI Zhao, X. B./E-4458-2010
FU Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group Company, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from
Hangzhou Iron and Steel Group Company, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
CR Canale Lauralice C. F., 2007, International Journal of Microstructure and
Materials Properties, V2, P262, DOI 10.1504/IJMMP.2007.015310
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NR 18
TC 19
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 2
BP 1435
EP 1444
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0581-x
PG 10
Engineering
GA DL2HN
UT WOS:000375454700061
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Karantzalis, AE
Lekatou, A
Georgatis, M
Poulas, V
Mavros, H
AF Karantzalis, A. E.
Lekatou, A.
Georgatis, M.
Poulas, V.
Mavros, H.
TI Casting-Based Production of Al-TiC-AlB2 Composite Material
Through the Use of KBF4 Salt
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-matrix composites; halide salts; melt inoculation; TiC reinforcement
ID B MASTER ALLOYS; METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; C PHASE-DIAGRAM; MOLTEN
ALUMINUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TIC PARTICLES; HALIDE SALTS; AL-B;
MELTS; TIB2
AB High volume fraction TiC-AlB2 reinforced Al composite material has been produced
by a casting process based on the use of KBF4 salt. The reaction between the salt
compound led to the release of AlB2 precipitates in commercial purity Al melt
whereas the improved wettability between the TiC particles and the formed slag
caused their spontaneous entry. The resulting double reinforced composite showed no
sign of severe TiC dissolution-reaction.
C1 [Karantzalis, A. E.; Lekatou, A.; Georgatis, M.; Poulas, V.; Mavros, H.] Univ
Ioannina, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, GR-45110 Ioannina, Hellas, Greece.
C3 University of Ioannina
RP Karantzalis, AE (corresponding author), Univ Ioannina, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Univ
Campus, GR-45110 Ioannina, Hellas, Greece.
EM alekatou@cc.uoi.gr
RI Lekatou, Angeliki/AAG-4783-2019
OI Lekatou, Angeliki G./0000-0001-7951-4431
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NR 30
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD MAR
PY 2011
VL 20
IS 2
BP 198
EP 202
DI 10.1007/s11665-010-9668-3
PG 5
GA 719ZL
UT WOS:000287249900006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ono, H
Nakajima, K
Maruo, R
Agawa, S
Usui, T
AF Ono, Hideki
Nakajima, Keiji
Maruo, Ryota
Agawa, Shingo
Usui, Tateo
TI Formation Conditions of Mg2TiO4 and
MgAl2O4 in Ti-Mg-Al Complex Deoxidation of Molten
Iron
LA English
CT Conference on Cutting Edge of Studies in Inclusions and Precipitates
Behavior Related to Microstructure Control
CY SEP, 2008
CL Kumamoto, JAPAN
DE inclusion; steelmaking; deoxidation; equilibrium
ID LIQUID-IRON; TITANIUM; THERMODYNAMICS; EQUILIBRIA; MAGNESIUM
AB It is important to study the complex deoxidation equilibrium of molten iron in
Ti-Mg-Al system from the view point of inclusion control. The equilibrium
experiments between molten iron and TiOx-MgO-Al2O3 slag and the thermodynamic
calculation on the complex deoxidation are conducted at 1973 K in the present
study. The liquid phase region of TiOx-MgO-Al2O3 system in equilibrium with molten
iron is clarified at 1973 K. The equilibrium compounds which are coexisted with the
slag on the liquidus curve in the system are identified to be Mg2TiO4, and MgAl2O4.
The equilibrium relation between the deoxidation products (Mg2TiO4 or MgAl2O4) and
the composition of solute elements in steel is investigated, and the conditions
that Mg2TiO4 forms instead of MgAl2O4 nor Al2O3 are examined in the complex
deoxidation of Ti-Mg-Al system. When the aluminum content of molten iron is under 4
mass ppm, Mg2TiO4 forms over the wide concentration range. The concentration range
of MgAl2O4 formation widens as the aluminum content of molten iron increases. It is
necessary to increase Mg content and to decrease Al content in order to form
Mg2TiO4 in the Ti-Mg-Al complex deoxidation of molten iron in the range Ti<0.01
mass%. However, it is difficult in the range of Ti>0.01 mass% to form Mg2TiO4.
C1 [Ono, Hideki; Usui, Tateo] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, Suita,
Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Nakajima, Keiji] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Div Appl Proc Met,
SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Ono, H (corresponding author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, 2-1
Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
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2004, 182 183 NISH MEM SEM, P128
NR 14
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 8
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 7
SI SI
BP 957
EP 964
PG 8
GA 475LW
UT WOS:000268361800005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dill, HG
Techmer, A
Weber, B
Füssl, M
AF Dill, H. G.
Techmer, A.
Weber, B.
Fuessl, M.
TI Mineralogical and chemical distribution patterns of placers and
ferricretes in Quaternary sediments in SE Germany:: The impact of nature
and man on the unroofing of pegmatites
SO JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE placers; ferricretes; pegmatite; human impact; quaternary; SE Germany
ID GLACIAL DEPOSITS; ALLUVIAL-FAN; NE BAVARIA; LUMINESCENCE; ORIGIN;
ILMENITE; RUTILE; MINERALIZATION; PSEUDORUTILE; PROVINCE
AB Placer deposits mark the ultimate stage of mineral separation in elastic
sediments by physical processes in an aquatic regime, whereas duricrusts are an
example of extreme element separation by chemical processes in continental
environments of deposition. in Quaternary sediments in SE Germany such contrasting
types of sediments formed on the NE Bavarian Basement which is underlain by
metamorphic and pegmatitic rocks reflecting intense primary element differentiation
by themselves.
The placer deposits were subdivided into trap and bed placers. Together with
three types of encrustation they were put into a scheme illustrating six stages of
land formation. The first-mentioned group of placer deposits formed from the Late
Cretaceous to the Late Tertiary on a vast peneplain under subtropical conditions
(stages I-II). Towards the Quaternary its more acidic meteoric fluids turned
alkaline and linear erosion gradually replaced peneplanation as the main process of
shaping the landscape (stage III). Evidence for these types of alluvial-fluvial Ti
and Sn heavy mineral accumulations and the subtropical climatic conditions can only
be found in the major placer mineral aggregates nigrine and cassiterite which
preserved a great variety of marker minerals in fractures and vugs. Duricrust I
consist of aluminum-phosphate (APS)-bearing phoscretes. Bed placer deposition
started off with colluvial to alluvial placers passing eventually into fluvial
placers (stages IV-V). Type II duricrusts evolved under humid temperate conditions
in the aftermaths of the glacial period. Per-descensum fluids provoked the
precipitation of these phosphate-bearing ferricretes. The elastic sediments were
reworked in a low-sinuosity fluvial drainage system during stage VI. In addition to
the ferricretes mentioned above another type of ferrous encrustations was added to
the depositional system by man in form of fayalite-bearing slags from blast
furnaces. These smelting artifacts were dumped on the floodplain of the modem river
system and kilns which they derived from, were fed with phosphorous iron from
duricrusts of type II. Age data for the latest stages of placer formation have been
obtained from radio-carbon dating of drift wood and luminescence analyses of quartz
and feldspar in placer deposits. These data reveal that morphological processes
sparking placer deposition have obviously been influenced by the intensive clearing
of settlers in the "Oberpfalzer Wald" (=Forest of Upper Palatinate).
The results of the present study may be of assistance to geomorphologists
dealing with continental placer deposits (Sn, Ti, Ce, Zr) and chemical sediments
(ferricretes, phoscretes) which developed in-situ on ancient and modem peneplains.
This is true for geomorphologists in academia and consulting companies alike.
Archaeometallurgists may benefit from these results as they were investigating
smelting residues scattered within alluvial and fluvial deposits of Quaternary age.
Commonly they focus their attention on waste disposals and smelting sites and to a
lesser extent on reworked smelting residues in drainage systems. The target group
number one is among exploration geologists who are in search of continental placer
deposits and want to know more about the elastic dispersion haloes around
phosphate- and oxide-bearing pegmatites. Alluvial to fluvial placer deposits
containing stable and ultrastable heavy minerals may well be preserved as to their
mineralogical composition and chemical patterns even through long-lasting periods
of shaping the landscape. These mineralogical and chemical patterns can be used to
reconstruct the original morphology of a pegmatitic body which today is present
only as "pegmatite ruin". (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Dill, H. G.] Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, D-30631 Hannover, Germany.
[Techmer, A.] Leibnitz Inst Appl Geosci, D-30631 Hannover, Germany.
C3 Leibniz Institut fur Angewandte Geophysik (LIAG)
RP Dill, HG (corresponding author), Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, POB 510163, D-
30631 Hannover, Germany.
EM dill@bgr.de
RI Dill, Harald Gerold/JEF-6442-2023
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NR 75
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0375-6742
EI 1879-1689
J9 J GEOCHEM EXPLOR
JI J. Geochem. Explor.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 96
IS 1
BP 1
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.gexplo.2007.06.003
PG 24
GA 258ZC
UT WOS:000252907900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Duan, SC
Shi, X
Zhang, MC
Li, B
Yang, WS
Wang, F
Guo, HJ
Guo, J
AF Duan, Sheng-Chao
Shi, Xiao
Zhang, Man-Cang
Li, Bin
Yang, Wen-Sheng
Wang, Fei
Guo, Han-Jie
Guo, Jing
TI Effect of Slag Composition on the Deoxidation and Desulfurization of
Inconel 718 Superalloy by ESR Type Slag Without Deoxidizer Addition
LA English
DT Article
ID SULFUR; BEHAVIOR; STEEL; ALUMINUM; KINETICS; MODEL; CAF2; NI; MECHANISM;
CAO-AL2O3
AB Effects of slag composition and alloy content as well as temperature on the
deoxidation and desulfurization of Inconel 718 superalloy by CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-
TiO2 ESR-type slag without the addition of a deoxidizer were systematically
investigated by laboratory-scale experiments and the developed mass transfer model.
The model predictions were verified through comparison with experimental results in
a double-layer crucible. The results showed that the oxygen content decreased with
an increase of CaO, MgO and CaF2 content in the slag at 1773 K, and CaO has a great
influence on the deoxidation of Inconel 718 alloy compared with MgO and CaF2 in
slag, which was responsible for the decrease in equilibrium content of sulfur in
the Inconel 718 alloy. The total oxygen and sulfur content decreased from 33.2 and
20 ppm in master alloys to about 10 and 6 ppm in alloy ingots at 1773 K,
respectively. Properly increasing the Al and Ti content only lowered the oxygen and
sulfur content in the nickel-based alloy to a limited extent when satisfying the
mechanical properties of the Inconel 718 alloy. The interfacial oxygen content
increased with increasing temperature, giving rise to a decrease in the
desulfurization ratio [pct S]t=t/[pct S]t=0. These results show that the lower
temperature favored desulfurization of the nickel-based alloy.
C1 [Duan, Sheng-Chao; Shi, Xiao; Zhang, Man-Cang; Li, Bin; Yang, Wen-Sheng; Guo,
Han-Jie; Guo, Jing] USTB, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Duan, Sheng-Chao; Shi, Xiao; Zhang, Man-Cang; Li, Bin; Yang, Wen-Sheng; Guo,
Han-Jie; Guo, Jing] USTB, Beijing Key Lab Special Melting & Preparat High E,
[Wang, Fei] Tianjin Cisri Harder Mat & Technol Co Ltd, CISRI, Tianjin 301721,
Peoples R China.
RP Guo, HJ (corresponding author), USTB, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, 30 Xueyuan Rd,
EM guohanjie@ustb.edu.cn
RI Duan, Shengchao/M-1269-2017
OI Duan, Shengchao/0000-0001-5007-3601
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546
NR 73
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 6
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 1
BP 353
EP 364
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01729-3
PG 12
Engineering
GA KJ2IK
UT WOS:000511881200034
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Azof, FI
Vafeias, M
Panias, D
Safarian, J
AF Azof, Fabian Imanasa
Vafeias, Michail
Panias, Dimitrios
Safarian, Jafar
TI The leachability of a ternary
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag produced from
smelting-reduction of low-grade bauxite for alumina recovery
SO HYDROMETALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Low-grade bauxite; Smelting-reduction; Aluminate slag; Alumina;
Leachability; Leaching residue
ID CALCIUM-CARBONATE; PRECIPITATION; MECHANISM
AB A combination of smelting-reduction of bauxite and leaching treatment of the
produced slag for alumina recovery is known as the Pedersen process. The process is
considered to be more sustainable for producing metallurgical-grade alumina than
the Bayer process as it does not produce bauxite residue (red mud), which is one of
the most abundant industrial byproducts in the world. In this work, the
leachability of a ternary CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag produced from smelting-reduction of
low-grade bauxite has been studied. The obtained calcium aluminate-slag consists of
Ca12Al14O33 and CaAl2O4 phases with minor amounts of complex oxide phases. A
leaching series have been carried out at different temperatures,
Na2O(carbonate):Na2O(caustic) concentration ratios. The composition of solids and
leaching liquors were analyzed for measuring the recovery of the aluminum and
silicon. The results show that the highest aluminum extraction extent in the
current study is 46.7%, which is achieved at a temperature of 75 degrees C, 1 atm,
in 60 g/L Na2O(carbonate) solution, in 30 min of leaching time. A passive calcium -
containing layer at the slag's surface acts as a mass transfer barrier for the
reactants and products of the leaching reactions, making their diffusion the rate-
limiting step. A high concentration of Na2O(caustic) may decrease the aluminum
extraction of the slag as a result of insufficient carbonate anions in the system,
where the dissolved aluminum reacts with the calcium cations and produce 3CaO
center dot Al2O3 center dot 6H(2)O phase.
C1 [Azof, Fabian Imanasa; Safarian, Jafar] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Trondheim, Norway.
[Vafeias, Michail; Panias, Dimitrios] NTUA, Sch Min & Met Engn, Athens, Greece.
C3 Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); National Technical
University of Athens
RP Azof, FI (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Trondheim, Norway.
EM fabian.i.azof@ntnu.no
RI Panias, Dimitrios/AAO-1296-2021
FU Research Domain 5 Materials and the Society in SFI Metal Production
[237738]
FX The NTNU has funded the research and supported by the Research Domain 5
Materials and the Society in SFI Metal Production (Project no. 237738).
The School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, NTUA, is
acknowledged for the use of leaching reactor, ICP-OES, and XRF analyzer.
The scientific support from the ENSUREAL Horizon 2020 project is also
acknowledged.
CR [Anonymous], 2018, THE LOCAL
[Anonymous], 2016, GUARD
Azof F.I., 2019, P EUROPEAN METALLURG, P15
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NR 35
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-386X
EI 1879-1158
J9 HYDROMETALLURGY
JI Hydrometallurgy
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 191
AR 105184
DI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.105184
PG 12
GA KO0CA
UT WOS:000515212700019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Harada, A
Matsui, A
Nabeshima, S
Kikuchi, N
Miki, Y
AF Harada, Akifumi
Matsui, Akitoshi
Nabeshima, Seiji
Kikuchi, Naoki
Miki, Yuji
TI Effect of Slag Composition on MgO•Al2O3
Spinel-Type Inclusions in Molten Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusion; spinel; slag composition; kinetic calculation
ID STAINLESS-STEELS; KINETIC-MODEL; ALUMINUM; PREDICT; METAL
AB It is well known that the formation of MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel-type
inclusions is affected by the slag composition. To clarify the effect of the slag
composition on the formation of spinel-type inclusions, laboratory -scale
experiments were carried out in 30 kg -scale induction furnace. Changes in the
composition of inclusions were investigated with different slag compositions. As
the CaO/SiO2 and CaO/Al2O3 of the slag increased, spinel-type inclusions were
observed, and the total Mg content and average composition of MgO in the inclusions
were also higher. On the other hand, the total Mg content and average composition
of MgO in inclusions decreased with decreasing CaO/SiO2 and CaO/Al2O3 of the slag,
and most inclusions were Al2O3-type inclusions including a small amount of MgO.
Based on the experimental results, a kinetic analysis was carried out using a
calculation model to simulate the reactions between the molten steel, slag,
refractory and inclusions in order to evaluate the effect of the slag composition
on inclusions. The calculated results of the inclusion composition were in good
agreement with the experimental results. In this experimental system, the total Mg
content and spinel-type inclusions were suppressed due to a decrease in the
activity of MgO in the slag and an increase in the oxygen activity at the interface
between the molten steel and slag when the CaO/SiO2 and CaO/Al2O3 of the slag were
lower. Therefore, the formation of spinel-type inclusions can be determined by the
relationship between the MgO activity of the slag and the interfacial activity of
oxygen.
C1 [Harada, Akifumi; Matsui, Akitoshi; Nabeshima, Seiji; Kikuchi, Naoki; Miki,
Yuji] JFE Steel Corp, Steel Res Lab, 1 Kokan Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 7218510,
Japan.
[Nabeshima, Seiji] Mizushima Ferroalloy Corp, 1-1 Kawasakidori, Kurashiki,
Okayama 7128513, Japan.
C3 JFE Holdings, Inc.; JFE Steel
RP Harada, A (corresponding author), JFE Steel Corp, Steel Res Lab, 1 Kokan Cho,
Fukuyama, Hiroshima 7218510, Japan.
EM ak-harada@jfe-steel.co.jp
CR Brabie V., 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P109, DOI
Galindo A., 2015, P 6 INT C SCI TECHN, P719
Kawakami K, 2007, TETSU TO HAGANE, V93, P743, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.93.743
Murai T, 1998, TETSU TO HAGANE, V84, P13
NR 15
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 14
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 9
BP 1546
EP 1552
PG 7
GA FI4DE
UT WOS:000411919100008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, J
Seo, MD
Shi, CB
Cho, JW
Kim, SH
AF Guo, Jing
Seo, Myung-Duk
Shi, Cheng-Bin
Cho, Jung-Wook
Kim, Seon-Hyo
TI Control of Crystal Morphology for Mold Flux During High-Aluminum AHSS
Continuous Casting Process
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIORS; MELT; SLAG; TRANSITION; VISCOSITY; GROWTH;
RATIO
AB In the present manuscript, the efforts to control the crystal morphology are
carried out aiming at improving the lubrication of lime-alumina-based mold flux for
casting advanced high-strength steel with high aluminum. Jackson alpha factors for
crystals of melt crystallization in multi-component mold fluxes are established and
reasonably evaluated by applying thermodynamic databases to understand the crystal
morphology control both in lime-alumina-based and lime-silica-based mold fluxes.
The results show that Jackson alpha factor and supercooling are the most critical
factors to determine the crystal morphology in a mold flux. Crystals precipitating
in mold fluxes appear with different morphologies due to their different Jackson
alpha factors and are likely to be more faceted with higher Jackson alpha factor.
In addition, there is a critical supercooling degree for crystal morphology
dendritic transition. When the supercooling over the critical value, the crystals
transform from faceted shape to dendritic ones in morphology as the kinetic
roughening occurs. Typically, the critical supercooling degrees for cuspidine
dendritic transition in the lime-silica-based mold fluxes are evaluated to be
between 0.05 and 0.06. Finally, addition of a small amount of Li2O in the mold flux
can increase the Jackson alpha factor and decrease the supercooling for cuspidine
precipitation; thus, it is favorable to enhance a faceted cuspidine crystal.
C1 [Guo, Jing; Kim, Seon-Hyo] Pohang Univ Sci Technol POSTECH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
[Guo, Jing] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Seo, Myung-Duk] Casting & Forging Business Grp, Doosan Heavy Ind & Construct,
Chang Won 642792, South Korea.
[Shi, Cheng-Bin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing,
Peoples R China.
Pohang, South Korea.
C3 Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); University of
Science & Technology Beijing; Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction
Co., Ltd.; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Pohang University
of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
RP Cho, JW (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Grad Inst
Ferrous Technol, Pohang, South Korea.
RI Cho, Jung-Wook/A-8142-2013; Shi, Chengbin/J-1262-2016
OI Cho, Jung-Wook/0000-0003-2364-1938; Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
FU Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of Korea within Global
Excellence Technology Innovation [10045029]; Korea Evaluation Institute
of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10045029] Funding Source: Korea
FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministry of
Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of Korea, within the Global Excellence
Technology Innovation (Grant No. 10045029).
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NR 41
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 4
BP 2211
EP 2221
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0697-7
PG 11
Engineering
GA DQ9DG
UT WOS:000379510000016
OA Green Published, Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dai, X
He, J
Bai, J
Huang, Q
Wen, XD
Xie, L
Luo, K
Zhang, J
Li, W
Du, SY
AF Dai, Xin
He, Jian
Bai, Jin
Huang, Qing
Wen, Xiaodong
Xie, Lu
Luo, Kan
Zhang, Jian
Li, Wen
Du, Shiyu
TI Ash Fusion Properties from Molecular Dynamics Simulation: Role of the
Ratio of Silicon and Aluminum
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID BORN REPULSIVE PARAMETERS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; PRESSURE PROPERTIES;
ALKALI HALIDES; IONIC SIZES; COAL ASH; SLAGS; MELTS; NANOPARTICLES;
FUSIBILITY
AB Molecular dynamics simulations are adopted to investigate the effect of the
ratio of silicon and aluminum (S/A) contents on ash fusion properties and to
predict the theoretical melting points and viscosities. The melting points are
identified by the variation of the volume and mean square displacement, while
viscosities are calculated by the Green-Kubo formula. The melting point is
determined to be higher for coal ash systems with higher S/A ratios. The analyses
of the radial distribution function and oxygen contents are performed to illustrate
the structural evolution during the melting process. The interactions of different
types are analyzed to explain the trend of melting points for various S/A ratios.
The main structural features during slag melting are found to be the conversion of
the oxygen atoms from the tricluster type to the bridging type. The viscosities of
the slag systems near melting points are determined to be correlated to the S/A
ratio as well. The computational results from this work may provide new insight
into the mechanism of slag tapping.
C1 [Dai, Xin; Bai, Jin; Wen, Xiaodong; Li, Wen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem,
[He, Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, Dept Biotechnol, Ctr
Translat Med, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Qing; Luo, Kan; Zhang, Jian; Du, Shiyu] Chinese Acad Sci, Ningbo Inst
Mat Technol & Engn, Engn Lab Specialty Fibers & Nucl Energy Mat, Ningbo 315201,
Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Lu] Beihang Univ, Sch Phys & Nucl Energy Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS; Chinese
Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS; Chinese
Academy of Sciences; Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and
Engineering, CAS; Beihang University
RP Bai, J; Wen, XD (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State
Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.; Du, SY
(corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn, Engn Lab
Specialty Fibers & Nucl Energy Mat, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
EM stone@sxicc.ac.cn; wxd@sxicc.ac.cn; dushiyu@nimte.ac.cn
RI 黄, 庆/I-9225-2016; huang, qing/AAD-3909-2019; Dai, Xin/L-8442-2019; He,
Jian/N-9434-2017
OI 黄, 庆/0000-0001-7083-9416; huang, qing/0000-0001-7083-9416; Dai,
Xin/0000-0002-3893-1578; Luo, Kan/0000-0002-8639-6135; He,
Jian/0000-0002-1426-7799; Bai, Jin/0000-0002-8623-1656
51409070]; Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths [2015021055];
Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of China [U1261209];
Shenhua Group Corporation, Ltd. [U1261209]; Chinese Academy of Sciences
(CAS)/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)
International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams;
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [HEUCFD1421];
Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion [J15-16-301]; Key
Technology of Nuclear Energy, CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of
Chinese Academy of Science; CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of
Chinese Academy of Science
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (21406254, 21476247, and 51409070),
the Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youths (2015021055), the
Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of China and Shenhua
Group Corporation, Ltd. (U1261209), the Chinese Academy of Sciences
(CAS)/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA)
International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams, the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HEUCFD1421),
the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion (Grant
J15-16-301), and the Key Technology of Nuclear Energy, 2014, CAS
Interdisciplinary Innovation Team of Chinese Academy of Science and the
computing resources from the Supercomputer Center in Lvliang and
Information Technology at Purdue (ITaP) at Purdue University.
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Zhang LQ, 2010, CHEM GEOL, V275, P50, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.04.012
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NR 30
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 62
PI WASHINGTON
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 3
BP 2407
EP 2413
DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02586
PG 7
GA DH1RO
UT WOS:000372562800098
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fu, XJ
Wen, GH
Liu, Q
Tang, P
Li, JZ
Li, W
AF Fu, Xiaojin
Wen, Guanghua
Liu, Qiang
Tang, Ping
Li, Juzhong
Li, Wei
TI Development and Evaluation of CaO-SiO2 Based Mould Fluxes for
Casting High Aluminum TRIP Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE mould fluxes; high aluminum TRIP steel; CaO-SiO2 slag system
ID HIGH AL STEEL; BEHAVIOR
AB Due to its high content in Al-TRIP steel, Al is easily to react with SiO2 in
mould fluxes during the continuous casting process, which results in the drastic
decrease of SiO2 content, increase of Al2O3 content and the basicity (R=CaO/SiO2),
respectively. The magnitude change of physical properties of the slag can affect
continuous casting process and the surface quality of slabs. Especially, the change
of basicity influenced the crystallization property, and thus influenced the heat
transfer of mould fluxes. In this study, three CaO-SiO2 based mould fluxes A, B,
and C with different basicity (A was the originally used mould fluxes, B and C were
the newly developed mould fluxes) were used to cast high aluminum TRIP steel with
0.80-1.00% Al and 0.085-0.115% carbon. The property change of mould fluxes and its
influence on the quality of the slab surface were evaluated. It is indicated that
appropriate increase of the basicity of base mould fluxes was beneficial to improve
the crystallization property of spent slag and for the inhibition of heat transfer
so as to reduce the occurrence of cracking and depression on the slab surface
effectively. And also, it can shorten the time of slag-metal reaction reaching
dynamic equilibrium and the length of transition slab with defect on surface in the
start casting stage. Accordingly, the quality of slab cast by mould fluxes C was
the best.
C1 [Fu, Xiaojin; Wen, Guanghua; Liu, Qiang; Tang, Ping] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat
[Li, Juzhong; Li, Wei] Wuhan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Wuhan 430080, Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University; China Baowu Steel Group
RP Fu, XJ (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM fu-xj2007@163.com
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 51274260). The
special efforts of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company Limited (WISCO) are also
greatly appreciated.
CR Ammar M. M., 1982, NONCRYST SOLIDS, V2, P165
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NR 25
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 14
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD FEB
PY 2015
VL 86
IS 2
BP 110
EP 120
DI 10.1002/srin.201300473
PG 11
GA CA9CZ
UT WOS:000349219300002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Todoroki, H
Kirihara, F
Kanbe, Y
Miyazaki, Y
AF Todoroki, Hidekazu
Kirihara, Fumiaki
Kanbe, Yuichi
Miyazaki, Yoshiharu
TI Effect of Compositions of Non-metallic Inclusions on CC Nozzle Clogging
of a Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo System Stainless Steel
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE high alloy; stainless steel; inclusion; spinel; nozzle clogging;
continuous casting
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; SPINEL INCLUSIONS; SLAG COMPOSITION; ALLOYS;
304-STAINLESS-STEEL; ALUMINUM; THERMODYNAMICS; MECHANISM; AL
AB A study was carried out to understand the effect of non-metallic inclusion
compositions on nozzle clogging of a Fe-Cr-Ni-Mo system stainless steel, aiming at
developing the consecutive continuous casting technology of two ladles. At first,
nozzle clogging took place leading to the reduction in casting speed. It was found
that the major oxide phase in the accretion observed on the nozzle wall consisted
of MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel oxides. The inclusions observed in the sample taken
from the tundish were spinel which was consistent with the accretion composition.
The phase stability diagram was calculated with the thermodynamic data to
understand how to control the inclusion compositions to prevent nozzle clogging. It
was suggested that the inclusion composition should be controlled to MgO with high
melting point as a countermeasure. It was confirmed that this control brought the
successful casting practices avoiding nozzle clogging. The consistency of the
inclusion compositions with the phase stability diagram proved the validity to
apply thermodynamic data based on the standard taking infinite dilute solution for
the present alloy system.
C1 [Todoroki, Hidekazu; Kirihara, Fumiaki; Kanbe, Yuichi] Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co
Ltd, Tech Res Ctr, Kawasaki Ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2108558, Japan.
[Miyazaki, Yoshiharu] Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd, Technol Dev Dept, Kawasaki,
Kanagawa 2108558, Japan.
RP Todoroki, H (corresponding author), Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd, Tech Res Ctr,
Kawasaki Ku, 4-2 Kojimacho, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2108558, Japan.
EM todoroki@nyk.co.jp
CR Ehara Y, 2007, TETSU TO HAGANE, V93, P475, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.93.475
Nakazato H., 2007, ISIJ INT, V47, P365
Ogibayashi S., 1994, Refractories, V46, P166
SASAI K, 1993, TETSU TO HAGANE, V79, P1067, DOI
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.79.9_1067
Todoroki H., 2009, PROF AS STEEL 2009 I
Todoroki H., 2008, P 4 INT C SCI TECHN, P121
NR 21
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 12
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
EI 1883-2954
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PY 2014
VL 100
IS 4
SI SI
BP 539
EP 547
DI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.100.539
PG 9
GA CC2LZ
UT WOS:000350177800013
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, M
Raghunath, S
Zhao, BJ
AF Chen, Mao
Raghunath, Sreekanth
Zhao, Baojun
TI Viscosity of SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3 System in
Equilibrium with Metallic Fe
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICATE-GLASSES; MELTS; ALUMINUM
AB The present study delivered the measurements of viscosities in SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3
system in equilibrium with metallic Fe. The rotational spindle technique was used
in the measurements at the temperature range of 1473 K to 1773 K (1200 A degrees C
to 1500 A degrees C). Molybdenum crucibles and spindles were employed in all
measurements. The Fe saturation condition was maintained by an iron plate placed at
the bottom of the crucible. The equilibrium compositions of the slags were measured
by EPMA after the viscosity measurements. The effect of up to 20 mol. pct Al2O3 on
the viscosity of the SiO2-"FeO" slag was investigated. The "charge compensation
effect" of the Al2O3 and FeO association has been discussed. The modified quasi-
chemical viscosity model has been optimized in the SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3 system in
equilibrium with metallic Fe to describe the viscosity measurements of the present
study.
C1 [Chen, Mao; Raghunath, Sreekanth; Zhao, Baojun] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn,
Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
C3 University of Queensland
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, Brisbane, Qld,
Australia.
EM baojun@uq.edu.au
RI Chen, Mao/HZL-4582-2023; Chen, Mao/U-8787-2019; Zhao, Baojun/C-1566-2016
OI Chen, Mao/0000-0002-8642-1062; Zhao, Baojun/0000-0002-3423-496X
FU University of Queensland International Research Tuition Award (UQIRTA);
China Scholarship Council (CSC)
FX The authors would like to thank Ms. Jie Yu for the lab assistance in
development of the viscosity measurement technique and Profs. Evgueni
Jak and Peter Hayes for useful discussions. The authors also thank the
University of Queensland International Research Tuition Award (UQIRTA)
and China Scholarship Council (CSC) for providing scholarships for Mao
Chen.
CR Atkins P.W., 1990, PHYS CHEM, P671
Elyutin V.P., 1969, ZH FIZ KHIM+, V43, P579
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10.1051/metal/196057020149
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7037(82)90059-X
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NR 20
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 4
BP 820
EP 827
DI 10.1007/s11663-013-9831-y
PG 8
Engineering
GA 181LU
UT WOS:000321669900007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Neuschutz, D
AF Neuschutz, D
TI Plasma processing of dusts and residues
SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
CT 12th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry
CY AUG 21-26, 1995
CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN
AB The use of plasma furnaces for the recycling of metal scrap, of metallurgical
residues and of fly-ashes from municipal solid waste (MSW) and sewage sludge (SS)
incineration is reviewed. Aluminium dress, titanium scrap, spent automotive
catalysts and stainless steelmaking dust are examples of current plasma melting
applications. Whereever possible, hollow graphite electrodes tend to replace water-
cooled metal torches. This trend also holds for plasma processing of MSW and SS
incineration residues. In comparative pilot tests with these residues carried out
with transferred-are metal plasma torches and with graphite electrodes,
respectively, no difference in processing behavior was observed. Under oxidizing
conditions in the furnaces and in the off-gas systems, any de novo synthesis of
dioxins was avoided and a vitrified slag, a small off-gas volume and a secondary
fly-ash mainly containing volatile chlorides and sulfates were obtained.
RP Neuschutz, D (corresponding author), RHEIN WESTFAL TH AACHEN,LEHRSTUHL THEORET
HUTTENKUNDE,D-52056 AACHEN,GERMANY.
CR Alexopoulou I.E., 1994, ERZMETALL, V47, P651
ALEXOPOULOU IE, 1994, ERZMETALL, V47, P562
BRUNO F, 1993, P PROC MAT INN STAIN
FORD M, 1995, INFACON 7, P263
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NR 27
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL
SN 0033-4545
J9 PURE APPL CHEM
JI Pure Appl. Chem.
PD MAY
PY 1996
VL 68
IS 5
BP 1159
EP 1165
DI 10.1351/pac199668051159
PG 7
SC Chemistry
GA UV437
UT WOS:A1996UV43700028
OA Green Submitted, Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU TANABE, J
SUITO, H
AF TANABE, J
SUITO, H
TI EFFECT OF TELLURIUM ON SUPERSATURATION IN ALUMINUM DEOXIDIZED
LIQUID-IRON
LA English
DT Article
ID CAO-AL2O3 MELTS; OXYGEN; EQUILIBRIUM; NITROGEN
AB The effect of tellurium addition on supersaturation observed in aluminum
deoxidized liquid iron was studied at 1873 K, using CaO-Al2O3 slags in an alumina
crucible. Supersaturated oxygen content for a given aluminum level decreased with
the addition of tellurium as a result of lowering the interfacial energy between
liquid iron and alumina and promoting the elimination of precipitated alumina by
notation. Furthermore, the degree of lowering of oxygen content was found to
increase with a decrease in cooling rate. Tellurium distribution ratio between
liquid iron and CaO-Al2O3 slags was determined as a function of aluminum content.
RP TANABE, J (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV, INST ADV MAT PROC, SENDAI, MIYAGI
980, JAPAN.
CR BELTON GR, 1992, STEEL PROC, V75, P3
CHO SW, 1994, METALL MATER TRANS B, V25, P5, DOI 10.1007/BF02663173
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LEE K, 1994, UNPUB
Ogino K, 1973, Tetsu to Hagane, V59, P1380
NR 23
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD FEB
PY 1995
VL 26
IS 1
BP 95
EP 101
DI 10.1007/BF02648982
PG 7
Engineering
GA QD551
UT WOS:A1995QD55100011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, SH
Ni, YG
Yin, Q
Wang, JK
Lv, LQ
Cen, KF
Zhou, H
AF Hu, Shihao
Ni, Yuguo
Yin, Qi
Wang, Jiankang
Lv, Laiquan
Cen, Kefa
Zhou, Hao
TI Research on element migration and ash deposition characteristics of
high-alkali coal in horizontal liquid slagging cyclone furnace
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE High-alkali coal; Liquid slagging cyclone furnace; Element migration;
Deposition characteristics; Crystal structure
ID GASIFICATION PERFORMANCE; SODIUM TRANSFORMATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Hongshaquan coal (HSQ), a kind of high-alkali and rich-iron coal, is burned in a
20 MW liquid slagging cyclone furnace. The migration and transformation
characteristics of elements are examined. The deposition probe and oil cooling
circulation system are used to investigate the ash deposition characteristics of
HSQ. In addition, the microscopic morphology, crystal structure and chemical
composition of the slag are studied to explain the effect of element migration on
ash deposition and slag. The results show that the growth process of deposition on
probe 1 can be divided into four stages. The final stable relative heat flux of
probe 1 and probe 2 is 0.585 and 0.85, respectively. The average concentration of
Na2O in ash is 4.53%. Na, K, Ca, Mg and S are enriched in the low temperature area
of the boiler to form sulfate which leads to the agglomeration of ash particles.
The main mineral phases of the slag are silicates and iron-containing compounds.
The average concentration of Fe2O3 in the slag sample is 36.73%. Iron will be
enriched in the slag and form a low-temperature eutectic with the silicon-calcium-
magnesium-aluminum system to reduce the melting point of the ash. The granulated
slag has a lower degree of crystallinity and is closer to the characteristics of
glassy slag, which is due to the low content of Na2O, CaO and high silicon-to-
aluminum ratio in the ash.
C1 [Hu, Shihao; Ni, Yuguo; Yin, Qi; Wang, Jiankang; Lv, Laiquan; Cen, Kefa; Zhou,
Hao] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Thermal Power Engn, State Key Lab Clean Energy Utilizat,
Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
RP Zhou, H (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Thermal Power Engn, State
Key Lab Clean Energy Utilizat, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
EM zhouhao@zju.edu.cn
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(52036008).
CR Chen XD, 2017, APPL ENERG, V206, P1241, DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.020
Guo XW, 2019, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V193, P31, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.04.015
Ishiga T, 2015, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V138, P100, DOI
10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.05.017
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Li GY, 2017, ENRGY PROCED, V105, P1350, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.497
Li GY, 2016, J ENERGY INST, V89, P48, DOI 10.1016/j.joei.2015.01.011
Li LT, 2022, TOP STROKE REHABIL, V29, P449, DOI 10.1080/10749357.2021.1943797
Li X, 2018, FUEL, V218, P162, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.01.027
Liang DC, 2019, J ANAL APPL PYROL, V142, DOI 10.1016/j.jaap.2019.104661
Qi XB, 2019, J ENERGY INST, V92, P673, DOI 10.1016/j.joei.2018.03.005
Shen ZJ, 2017, FUEL, V191, P221, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.11.048
Wang CA, 2019, INT J GREENH GAS CON, V91, DOI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.102832
[魏博 Wei Bo], 2017, [动力工程学报, Journal of Chinese Society of Power
Xu LL, 2015, COMBUST SCI TECHNOL, V187, P1959, DOI 10.1080/00102202.2015.1069283
Yu KJ, 2020, FUEL, V262, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116413
Zhang HX, 2017, FUEL, V189, P301, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2016.10.097
Zhou H, 2013, ENERG FUEL, V27, P7008, DOI 10.1021/ef4012017
Zhou H, 2013, FUEL, V109, P608, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.044
Zhou SK, 2020, FUEL, V273, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117701
NR 21
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JAN 15
PY 2022
VL 308
AR 121962
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121962
EA SEP 2021
PG 10
GA WK2GG
UT WOS:000709548700008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, FJ
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik Johannes
TI Improved Titanium Transfer in Submerged Arc Welding of Carbon Steel
through Aluminum Addition
LA English
DT Article
DE Pyrometallurgy; melting; titanium; control; welding
ID SLAG-METAL REACTIONS; OXYGEN CONTAMINATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TOUGHNESS;
CHEMISTRY; FLUXES
AB In Submerged Arc Welding of carbon steel, element transfer of Titanium from the
molten flux to the weld metal is limited to small quantities as reported in
literature, 310 ppm maximum. This limitation is due to the high oxygen potential
prevailing at the molten flux-weld pool interface. The results presented here
illustrate the use of Al powder in combination with Ti powder to improve Ti
transfer into the weld metal to 4% Ti, and still maintain high oxygen content in
the weld metal at 509 ppm to form inclusions. This is important in SAW because, in
addition to higher Ti in the weld pool, high ppm O is required in the weld pool to
form Ti-oxide inclusions in the weld metal to induce acicular ferrite (AF)
formation. Oxide inclusions in the weld metal form possible nucleation sites for
acicular ferrite formation to improve weld metal strength and toughness. The
results confirm that the oxygen potential at the flux-weld pool interface may be
lowered by Al powder addition to increase Ti powder transfer into the weld pool,
without interfering with oxygen transfer from the plasma arc to the weld pool.
Results from welding tests made in the absence of Al and Ti metal powder are used
as a base case comparison to explain the process reactions in Submerged Arc Welding
in the presence of Ti and Al metal powder.
C1 [Coetsee, Theresa; De Bruin, Frederik Johannes] Univ Pretoria, Dept Met Engn &
Mat Sci, Pretoria, South Africa.
C3 University of Pretoria
RP Coetsee, T (corresponding author), Univ Pretoria, Private Bag X20, ZA-0028
Pretoria, South Africa.
EM theresa.coetsee@up.ac.za
RI Coetsee, Theresa/AAD-2204-2020; De Bruin, Frederik
Johannes/IZE-6573-2023
OI Coetsee, Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755; De Bruin, Frederik
Johannes/0000-0001-7102-7508
FU National Research Foundation of South Africa [BRICS171211293679]
FX This work is funded in part by the National Research Foundation of South
Africa [BRICS171211293679. Research innovation originator is Frederik de
Bruin.
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NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 6
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 0882-7508
EI 1547-7401
PD AUG 18
PY 2022
VL 43
IS 6
BP 771
EP 774
DI 10.1080/08827508.2021.1945595
EA JUN 2021
PG 4
GA 1H8FO
UT WOS:000667552600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JS
Park, TJ
Min, DJ
AF Choi, Joon Sung
Park, Tae Jun
Min, Dong Joon
TI Structure-property relationship amphoteric oxide systems via phase
stability and ionic structural analysis
LA English
DT Article
DE activation energy; aluminosilicates; Raman spectroscopy; silicates;
slags
ID IRON REDOX EQUILIBRIA; SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; SULFIDE CAPACITY;
LOCAL-STRUCTURE; VISCOSITY; RAMAN; GLASSES; MELTS; ALUMINUM; CAO-SIO2
AB The effects of basicity and amphoteric oxides (Al(2)O(3)and FetO) on the
structure-property relationships of CaO-SiO2-(Al(2)O(3)and FetO) and CaO-SiO2-
Al2O3-FetO slags were investigated to determine the constitutional effects on the
structure of high-temperature ionic melts. The proportion of Q(n)species, which is
determined by Raman spectroscopy, and the viscosity measured by the rotating
cylinder method are both correlated and shown together with the slag structure
index (NBO/T) concept. The NBO/T of CaO-SiO(2)binary slags showed a linear
relationship with basicity (CaO/SiO2), including an inflection point at CaO/SiO2 =
1.0 resulting from the stability and Q(n)-dominant unit of the melt, which changes
close to the wollastonite (CaSiO3) congruent point. This inflection point changes
with the increasing amphoteric oxide content (Al(2)O(3)and FetO) because of the
change in the dominant polymeric unit (Si4+-O-Si4+-> M4+-O-Si4+; M: Al and Fe), in
accordance with the equilibrated primary phases. As the Al(2)O(3)content increased,
the viscosity and activation energy of slags both drastically increased owing to
the change in the flow unit (Si-O-Si, Al-O-Si, and Al-O-Al). In contrast, as FetO
increased, the viscosity and activation energy (E-eta) of slags decreased because
of the change in the flow unit (Si-O-Si, Fe-O-Si, and Fe-O-Fe). Ultimately, the
flow unit (T-O-T; T = Si, Al, and Fe) and activation energy of the slags were found
to be closely related to the solid primary phase on the phase diagram, and the
physical-property-structure relationship was determined from the phase stability.
C1 [Choi, Joon Sung; Min, Dong Joon] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 03722,
South Korea.
[Park, Tae Jun] R&D Ctr Hyundai Steel Co, Ironmaking Res Team, Dangjin Si, South
Korea.
South Korea.
OI Choi, Joon Sung/0000-0002-8560-1598; Park, Tae Jun/0000-0002-5830-1039;
Min, Dong Joon/0000-0003-3091-2038
FU Korea Research Foundation [NRF-2017R1D1A1A02018514]
FX Korea Research Foundation, Grant/Award Number: NRF-2017R1D1A1A02018514
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NR 60
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 28
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD JAN
PY 2021
VL 104
IS 1
BP 140
EP 156
DI 10.1111/jace.17432
EA SEP 2020
PG 17
GA OT4PI
UT WOS:000567974400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huan, SX
Wang, YW
Peng, JP
Di, YZ
Li, B
Zhang, LD
AF Huan, Shuxing
Wang, Yaowu
Peng, Jianping
Di, Yuezhong
Li, Bo
Zhang, Lida
TI Recovery of aluminum from waste aluminum alloy by low-temperature molten
salt electrolysis
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum recovery; Current efficiency; Low-temperature electrolysis;
Electrowinning of aluminum; Cyclic voltammetry curve
ID FLY-ASH; ELECTRODEPOSITION; AL; SOLVENT
AB Large amounts of industrial waste discharge have serious implications for the
environment. The production of coarse Al-Si alloy by carbothermal reduction is
considered to be one potential method for making use of industrial aluminiferous
waste slag. Here, we discuss the influence of different processing parameters on
electrolytic refining of aluminum alloy and investigate the mechanism of extracting
Al from coarse Al-Si alloy in a low-temperature molten salt system. Aluminum is
obtained with the use of coarse Al-Si alloy as a soluble anode in the AlCl3-NaCl-
KCl molten salt system. The current efficiency reached over 94% when the
electrolysis temperature was 170 degrees C, the current density was 30 mA/cm(2) and
electrolysis was performed for 1.5 h. In the electrolysis process, Al in the coarse
Al-Si alloy was present in the form of Al2Cl7- and AlCl4-, which precipitated at
the cathode. The purity of aluminum electrodeposited on the aluminum cathode was
99.3%.
C1 [Huan, Shuxing; Wang, Yaowu; Peng, Jianping; Di, Yuezhong; Li, Bo; Zhang, Lida]
Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, YW (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM wangyw@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI PENG, Jian-ping/AAG-2146-2021
OI Peng, Jianping/0000-0003-0720-2257
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1901905]; Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities [N162502002]; National Science
Foundation of China [51774080]
FX The authors would like to thank the National Key R&D Program of China
(2018YFC1901905), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (N162502002), and National Science Foundation of China
(51774080) for the financial support.
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NR 29
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 16
U2 72
PI OXFORD
SN 0892-6875
J9 MINER ENG
JI Miner. Eng.
PD AUG 1
PY 2020
VL 154
AR 106386
DI 10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106386
PG 7
GA LT2UC
UT WOS:000536926200004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Wen, GH
Liu, Q
Huang, SH
Tang, P
Yu, L
AF Wang, Zhe
Wen, Guanghua
Liu, Qiang
Huang, Shuheng
Tang, Ping
Yu, Liang
TI Estimating the thermal conductivity of CaO-Al2O3
-SiO2 slags by equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal conductivity; Molecular dynamics; Structural property;
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags
ID NATURAL SILICATE MELTS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; FUSED-SILICA; PRESSURE;
LIQUIDS; MOLD; SOLIDIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; CRYSTALS; ALUMINUM
AB The thermal conductivity of the molten CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CAS) system was
calculated by using equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulation. Most of the
thermal conductivities determined by the EMD simulation are in good agreement with
the values by the experimental method, of which the Pearson coefficient and mean
standard deviations are 0.57 and 0.228, respectively. After removing the
controversial samples, the Pearson coefficient and mean standard deviations were
improved to 0.85 and 0.08, respectively. Further structure analysis showed that the
thermal conductivity of the CAS melt depends on not only the percentage of the
bridge oxides but also the function of Ca2+, which prompted the increase of the
thermal conductivity of CAS slags. The combination of the Al2O3 and SiO2 structures
may increase the thermal conductivity of CAS melt. In summary, EMD simulation can
be widely applied to estimate the thermal conductivity of the silicate melt as well
as the mechanism research.
C1 [Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Liu, Qiang; Tang, Ping; Yu, Liang] Chongqing Univ,
Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Liu, Qiang; Tang, Ping; Yu, Liang] Chongqing Univ,
Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
[Huang, Shuheng] Chongqing Univ, Coll Bioengn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; Chongqing University
RP Wang, Z; Wen, GH (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
EM zhewang@cqu.edu.cn; wengh@cqu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Zhe/AAO-9330-2020
OI Wen, Guanghua/0000-0002-5485-906X; Wang, Zhe/0000-0003-0217-2909
FU Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing,
China [CYB19002]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51574050]
FX This work was supported by the Graduate Scientific Research and
Innovation Foundation of Chongqing, China [grant number CYB19002], and
the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number
51574050].
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NR 52
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0022-3093
EI 1873-4812
PD MAR 1
PY 2020
VL 531
AR 119851
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.119851
PG 8
GA LE9BN
UT WOS:000527022700008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, MS
Kang, YB
AF Kim, Min-Su
Kang, Youn-Bae
TI Development of a multicomponent reaction rate model coupling
thermodynamics and kinetics for reaction between high Mn-high Al steel
and CaO-SiO2-type molten mold flux
SO CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flux-steel reaction; High Mn-high Al steel; CaO-SiO2-type mold flux
ID TRACER DIFFUSIVITY; REACTION-MECHANISM; AL2O3/SIO2 RATIO; LIQUID-IRON;
SLAG-METAL; MELTS; ALUMINUM; OXYGEN; DESULFURIZATION; ACCUMULATION
AB A new multi-component reaction model was developed in order to describe complex
reaction phenomena between a high Mn-high Al steel and a CaO-SiO2-type molten mold
flux. This model is an extension of Robertson's multicomponent mixed-transport-
control theory (Robertson et al., 1984) [7], where rate controlling step is assumed
to be a mass transport of diffusing species in a boundary layer, while chemical
equilibrium is assumed at the reaction interface. This model also employs a CALPHAD
type multicomponent-multiphase thermodynamic calculations for chemical equilibria
at the interface. By explicitly taking into account 1) local equilibrium at the
liquid steel-liquid flux interface, 2) flux density equations for each diffusing
species in the steel and the flux phases, and 3) instantaneous change of mass
transfer coefficients of all diffusing species in the flux phase by varying
viscosity of the flux, previous laboratory scale experimental data could be well
explained under various [pet Al](0), [pct Si](0) in the liquid steel, (pet
CaO)/(pct SiO2), (pct Al2O3)(0), (pet MgO)(0) in the liquid flux, and reaction
temperature. From the model calculations under the various [pet Al](0), it was
concluded that the present reaction model can be successfully applicable from low
[pct Al] to high [pct Al] conditions in liquid steel. The present model was further
extended in simulating composition change in a mold flux in a continuous casting
mold, where the steel and the flux continuously enter and leave. The model
calculations show good agreement with pilot plant scale data available in
literature. From the calculation results under different casting variables such as
[pct Al](0), mold flux pool depth, and mold flux consumption rate, the Al2O3
accumulation in the CaO-SiO2-type mold flux during the continuous casting was
discussed.
C1 [Kim, Min-Su; Kang, Youn-Bae] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Grad Inst Ferrous
Technol, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, South Korea.
[Kim, Min-Su] Korean Inst Ind Technol, Jeonbuk Reg Div, Kimje 54325, Jeonbuk,
South Korea.
C3 Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH); Korea Institute of
Industrial Technology (KITECH)
RP Kang, YB (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Grad Inst Ferrous
Technol, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, South Korea.
EM ybkang@postech.ac.kr
RI Kang, Youn-Bae/AAU-5544-2021
OI Kang, Youn-Bae/0000-0003-0615-0168
Blazek K., 2011, P 7 EUR CONT CAST C
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TC 17
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U1 4
U2 21
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
JI Calphad-Comput. Coupling Ph. Diagrams Thermochem.
PD JUN
PY 2018
VL 61
BP 105
EP 115
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2018.02.010
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
GA GH9PQ
UT WOS:000434001700011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, SS
Zou, XL
Zheng, K
Lu, XG
Xu, Q
Chen, CY
Zhou, ZF
AF Li, Shangshu
Zou, Xingli
Zheng, Kai
Lu, Xionggang
Xu, Qian
Chen, Chaoyi
Zhou, Zhongfu
TI Direct production of TiAl3 from Ti/Al-containing oxides
precursors by solid oxide membrane (SOM) process
LA English
DT Article
DE TiAl3; Electro-deoxidation; SOM; Oxides; CaCl2
ID MOLTEN CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; THERMAL-EXPLOSION SYNTHESIS; ELECTROCHEMICAL
REDUCTION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; 3-PHASE INTERLINES; LIQUID AL; METAL;
AL3TI; CACL2; SALT
AB TiAl3 intermetallic has been successfully synthesized by the electrochemical
deoxidation of the Ti/Al-containing oxides precursors including TiO2/Al2O3 mixture
and titanium-rich slag/Al2O3 mixture at 1000 degrees C and 3.8 V in molten CaCl2. A
solid oxide membrane (SOM) tube filled with carbon-saturated liquid tin was served
as inert anode, and the pressed pellet of Ti/Al-containing oxides precursors was
used as cathode during the electrochemical deoxidation process. The results show
that the reduction proceeds through a serious of individual stages, which mainly
involve the formation-decomposition of calcium titanium/aluminum oxides and the
formation of TiAlx alloys. The analysis of the partially reduced cathode pellet
confirms that the three phases interlines (3PIs) reaction area gradually expands
from the pellet's surface to its centre. The morphology of the TiAl3 obtained from
TiO2/Al2O3 precursor exhibits a homogeneous nodular structure. The final product
produced from the titanium-rich slag/Al2O3 precursor contains TiAl3 and Ll(2)
Ti0.75Fe0.25Al3. In addition, the porous TiAl3 with high porosity can be prepared
by using NaCl as the space-holder material. The results demonstrate that the SOM
process has the potential to be used for the facile production of Ti-Al alloys from
complex oxides precursors. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Shangshu; Zou, Xingli; Zheng, Kai; Lu, Xionggang; Xu, Qian; Zhou, Zhongfu]
Shanghai Univ, State Key Lab Adv Special Steel, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
[Li, Shangshu; Zou, Xingli; Zheng, Kai; Lu, Xionggang; Xu, Qian; Zhou, Zhongfu]
Shanghai Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferromet, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
[Li, Shangshu; Zou, Xingli; Zheng, Kai; Lu, Xionggang; Xu, Qian; Zhou, Zhongfu]
Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
[Zou, Xingli] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem, Ctr Electrochem, Austin, TX 78712
USA.
[Chen, Chaoyi] Guizhou Univ, Sch Mat & Met, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, Peoples R
China.
[Zhou, Zhongfu] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Math & Phys, Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, Dyfed,
Wales.
C3 Shanghai University; Shanghai University; Shanghai University;
University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Guizhou
University; Aberystwyth University
RP Zou, XL; Lu, XG (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, State Key Lab Adv Special
Steel, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.; Zou, XL; Lu, XG (corresponding author),
Shanghai Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferromet, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.;
Zou, XL; Lu, XG (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai
EM xinglizou@shu.edu.cn; luxg@shu.edu.cn
OI Zou, Xingli/0000-0002-6608-8311
51574146, 51664005]; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai
Municipality [14JC1491400]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2014CB643403]; Shanghai Municipal Education Commission
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Nos. 51225401, 51304132, 51574146 and 51664005), the Science and
Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 14JC1491400), the
National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2014CB643403) and the
Young Teacher Training Program of Shanghai Municipal Education
Commission.
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NR 45
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 60
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD DEC 15
PY 2017
VL 727
BP 1243
EP 1252
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.213
PG 10
GA FJ4MH
UT WOS:000412712900150
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DX
Ling, X
Peng, H
Cui, ZW
Yang, XJ
AF Wang, Dongxiang
Ling, Xiang
Peng, Hao
Cui, Zhenwei
Yang, Xinjun
TI High-temperature analogy experimental investigation on dry granulating
characteristic of rotating disk for waste heat utilization of molten
slag
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Waste heat; Molten slag; Dry granulation; Rotating disk; Particle
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; ORGANIC RANKINE-CYCLE; LIGAMENT FORMATION; SPINNING
DISK; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS; COLD EXPERIMENTS; ENERGY RECOVERY;
GASIFICATION; ATOMIZATION; LIQUID
AB Dry granulation process is one of the most promising methods for waste heat
utilizing from molten slag. The net heat recovery efficiency and recycling costs of
slag particles are mainly governed by the granulating characteristic. This paper
performed a high-temperature analogy experiment by rotating disk with molten
aluminum as the medium. The results indicated that the mean size of particles grew
with the increasing of feed rate and cooling air rate, decreasing in rotating
speed. The cooling air rate showed a little effect on the size distribution of the
main particles, while lowered the production yield. The circularity shape factor of
particles was mainly influenced by the rotating speed, cooling air rate and the
oxide film formed on the particle surface. The liquid film breakup mode and cooling
rate of particles played significant roles in the formation of filaments. In the
fully-ligament mode, lower mass fraction of filaments was generated, while the
filaments increased rapidly once the liquid film broke up by sheet mode. It was
suggested in the granulation of blast furnace slag that, the particle
characteristics should directly be governed by rotating speed, and the cooling air
rate must be controlled strictly. (C) 2017. lsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Dongxiang; Cui, Zhenwei; Yang, Xinjun] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Mech Engn,
Jiangsu Key Lab Adv Food Mfg Equipment & Technol, 1800 Li Hu Rd, Wuxi 214122,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, Dongxiang; Ling, Xiang; Peng, Hao; Yang, Xinjun] Nanjing Tech Univ,
Jiangsu Key Lab Proc Enhancement & New Energy Equ, 5 Xin Mo Fan Rd, Nanjing 210009,
C3 Jiangnan University; Nanjing Tech University
RP Wang, DX (corresponding author), Jiangnan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Jiangsu Key Lab
Adv Food Mfg Equipment & Technol, 1800 Li Hu Rd, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China.;
Wang, DX; Ling, X (corresponding author), Nanjing Tech Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Proc
Enhancement & New Energy Equ, 5 Xin Mo Fan Rd, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, Peoples R
China.
EM dxwahg85@hotmail.com; xling@njtech.edu.cn
RI Wang, Dongxiang/G-9216-2012
OI Wang, Dongxiang/0000-0002-0473-9297
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [JUSRP115A11];
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Process Enhancement and New Energy Equipment
Technology (Nanjing Tech University)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers 51606086,
51406078), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
(Grant numbers JUSRP115A11) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Process
Enhancement and New Energy Equipment Technology (Nanjing Tech
University).
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NR 54
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 93
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 125
BP 846
EP 855
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.07.075
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA FG3BG
UT WOS:000410011200076
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fallah-Mehrjardi, A
Hayes, PC
Jak, E
AF Fallah-Mehrjardi, Ata
Hayes, Peter C.
Jak, Evgueni
TI Investigation of Freeze-Linings in Aluminum Production Cells
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER COEFFICIENT; CRYOLITE; SYSTEMS; PART; SLAG; BEHAVIOR;
MODEL
AB The molten cryolite bath creates chemically a very aggressive environment in the
Hall-H,roult cell, and thus, the formation of a protective solid layer (freeze-
lining) on the cell wall is essential for the operation of the present cell
designs. To provide further information on the formation of the freeze-lining
deposit in this system, laboratory-based studies were undertaken using an air-
cooled probe technique The effects of process conditions, i.e., time, bath
agitation, and superheat on the microstructures, morphologies of the phases, and
the phase assemblages adjacent to the deposit/bath interface were investigated. A
detailed microstructural analysis of the steady-state deposits shows that a dense
sealing primary-phase layer of cryolite solid solution was formed at the interface
of the bath deposit for the process conditions examined. The formation of sealing
primary-phase layer at the bath/deposit interface explicitly indicates that the
deposit/liquid bath interface temperature is equal to that of the liquidus of the
bulk bath. The experimentally investigated liquidus temperature and subliquidus
equilibria differ significantly from those previously reported. (C) The Minerals,
Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2014
C1 [Fallah-Mehrjardi, Ata; Hayes, Peter C.; Jak, Evgueni] Univ Queensland, Sch Chem
Engn, PYROSEARCH, St Lucia, Qld, Australia.
RP Fallah-Mehrjardi, A (corresponding author), Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn,
PYROSEARCH, Level 3, St Lucia, Qld, Australia.
EM ata.fallah@uq.edu.au
OI Jak, Evgueni/0000-0002-7768-1874; Hayes, Peter/0000-0002-9257-9253
FU CSIRO Flagship Collaboration Fund Break-through Technology for Primary
Aluminum
FX This research was undertaken with financial support from the CSIRO
Flagship Collaboration Fund Break-through Technology for Primary
Aluminum.
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5
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NR 45
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 4
BP 1232
EP 1247
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0078-z
PG 16
Engineering
GA AN1SV
UT WOS:000340364800010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lamut, J
Falkus, J
Jurjevec, B
Knap, M
AF Lamut, J.
Falkus, J.
Jurjevec, B.
Knap, M.
TI INFLUENCE OF INCLUSIONS MODIFICATION ON NOZZLE CLOGGING
SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE clogging; inclusion modification; spinel; calcium aluminates; calcium
manganese sulphides
ID MECHANISM; STEEL
AB During the secondary refining of high strength steel in a ladle furnace aluminum
is used for the melt deoxidation. Aluminates inclusions are modified with a calcium
silicon injection in a melt. On the basis of the binary diagram CaO-Al2O3 solid and
liquid calcium aluminates with different composition and shape are formed after
calcium treatment. During the calcium silicon injection manganese sulphide is also
modified and CaS or (Ca,Mn)S is formed and wrapped around calcium aluminates.
Because of rising of calcium bubbles during the calcium silicon injection a
powerful melt stirring occurs. This enables inclusion coagulation and a reaction
with a slag. Additionally, the MgO center dot Al2O3 spinels are formed.
Clogging of a tundish nozzle may occur during continuous casting of steel
billets. Scull which forms on the nozzle's inner wall consists of spinel, calcium
aluminates with various composition and calcium manganese sulphide.
C1 [Lamut, J.; Jurjevec, B.; Knap, M.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci, Ljubljana 1000,
Slovenia.
[Falkus, J.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met Engn & Ind Comp Sci, PL-30059
Krakow, Poland.
C3 University of Ljubljana; AGH University of Krakow
RP Lamut, J (corresponding author), Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci, Askerceva Cesta
12, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
RI Falkus, Jan/K-6570-2012; Knap, Matjaž/AAO-9462-2020
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NR 11
TC 17
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 21
PU POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, INST METALL & MATER SCI PAS
PI WARSZAWA
PA PL, 00-901 WARSZAWA, POLAND
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
J9 ARCH METALL MATER
JI Arch. Metall. Mater.
PY 2012
VL 57
IS 1
BP 319
EP 324
DI 10.2478/v10172-012-0029-0
PG 6
GA 941HE
UT WOS:000303953500042
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Qin, GL
Wang, GG
Zou, ZD
AF Qin Guo-liang
Wang Guo-gang
Zou Zeng-da
TI Effects of activating flux on CO2 laser welding process of
6013 Al alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE laser welding; aluminum alloy; activating flux; weld appearance; gas
pore
AB In order to increase the absorption of laser energy and improve the weld
appearance in laser welding of Al alloy, 1.8 mm-6013 Al alloy plate was welded by
activating flux CO2 laser welding. Activating flux includes oxide and fluoride,
which was coated on the workpiece surface before welding. The experimental results
show that the activating flux can effectively improve the absorption of CO2 laser
energy and increase the amount of the molten base metal. The improvement on the
absorption of laser energy by oxide activating flux is greater than that by
fluoride activating flux or two-component activating flux, but the slag
detachability made from both the single activating flux and two-activating flux is
poor. The gas pore sensitivity with oxide activating flux is much higher than that
with fluoride activating flux in CO2 laser welding of 6013 Al alloy.
C1 [Qin Guo-liang] Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Adv Welding & Joining, Harbin
[Qin Guo-liang; Wang Guo-gang; Zou Zeng-da] Shandong Univ, Sch Mat Sci &
Technol, Jinan 250061, Peoples R China.
C3 Harbin Institute of Technology; Shandong University
RP Qin, GL (corresponding author), Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Adv Welding &
Joining, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
EM glqin@sdu.edu.cn
FU State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute
of Technology, China
FX Foundation item: Project supported by State Key Laboratory of Advanced
Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
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NR 15
TC 17
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 1
BP 23
EP 29
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61134-5
PG 7
GA 886HX
UT WOS:000299846300004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kawakami, M
Takenaka, T
Ishikawa, M
AF Kawakami, M
Takenaka, T
Ishikawa, M
TI Electrode reactions in dc electroslag remelting of steel rod
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts
CY JUN 12-17, 2000
CL STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN
AB The non-metallic inclusion content increased significantly when a steel rod of
Fe-Ni was remelted by dc electroslag remelting. The silicon content increased
slightly. The manganese and sulphur contents did not change. The total aluminium
content in the ingot was max. 0.7%, while that in the electrode was only 10 ppm.
The aluminium cations Al3+ in the slag are reduced to metallic aluminium at the
slag/electrode interface, while O-2(-) anions are oxidised to dissolved (O) under
bar in the metal pool. This Al and (O) under bar subsequently recombine to form
alumina inclusions in the metal pool. The inclusion content was dependent on the
alumina content in the slag. When a rod of plain carbon steel was remelted,
however, the increase in nonmetallic inclusion content was as little as one-tenth
of that for the remelted Fe-Ni rod. The non-metallic inclusion content was
independent of the polarity of the electrode.
C1 Toyohashi Univ Technol, Toyohashi, Aichi 4418580, Japan.
C3 Toyohashi University of Technology
RP Kawakami, M (corresponding author), Toyohashi Univ Technol, Toyohashi, Aichi
4418580, Japan.
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NR 12
TC 17
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 7
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD AUG
PY 2002
VL 29
IS 4
BP 287
EP 292
DI 10.1179/030192302225005132
PG 6
GA 593CB
UT WOS:000177973000008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU McKay, S
Hunter, NS
Normanton, AS
Ludlow, V
Hewitt, PN
Harris, B
AF McKay, S
Hunter, NS
Normanton, AS
Ludlow, V
Hewitt, PN
Harris, B
TI Continuous casting mould powder evaluation
LA English
DT Article
AB A continuous casting mould powder must satisfy various requirements including
thermal insulation, chemical insulation, inclusion absorption, lubrication, and
promotion of uniform heat transfer from the solidifying steel strand to the copper
mould. The relative importance of these properties varies according to the type of
steel cast, the prevailing casting conditions, and the end steel requirements.
Development of mould powders at Corus UK Ltd involves plant based trials of
different powders whose properties influence the above characteristics of which
heat transfer is a major consideration. Particular use is made of mould thermal
monitoring which, although primarily designed for sticker breakout detection, is
now finding increasing use as an investigative tool in mould slag assessment. Both
static and dynamic plant data are now available relating mould slag heat transfer
performance to casting conditions and this paper describes some recent
investigative work carried out by the Aluminium & Steel Casting Department of
Teesside Technology Centre, Corus UK Ltd. The study shows that using a combination
of plant based observation and laboratory analysis, a greater depth in
understanding of mould powder performance can be realised, yielding important
information for future powder development. (C) 2002 IoM Communications Ltd.
C1 Corus UK Ltd, Teeside Technol Ctr, Grangetown TS6 6UB, Cleveland, England.
RP McKay, S (corresponding author), Corus UK Ltd, Teeside Technol Ctr, POB 11,
Grangetown TS6 6UB, Cleveland, England.
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NR 5
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA HUDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JUN
PY 2002
VL 29
IS 3
BP 185
EP 190
DI 10.1179/030192302225004142
PG 6
GA 573ZM
UT WOS:000176863900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU LOPEZ, FA
SAINZ, E
FORMOSO, A
ALFARO, I
AF LOPEZ, FA
SAINZ, E
FORMOSO, A
ALFARO, I
TI THE RECOVERY OF ALUMINA FROM SALT SLAGS IN ALUMINUM REMELTING
LA English
DT Article
AB This work descrobes a preliminary study which looks at the possibility of
producing a mixture of alumina and spinal by sintering waste produced in the
hydrolysis of slag from aluminium remelting in rotary furnaces. The process
initially involves grinding the slag and carrying out grain screening and sizing,
which leads to the recovery of most of the aluminium metal found in the original
material. It then involves the water leaching of the non-metal part of the slag,
once this been ground to a grain diameter of less than 500 mu m. The fraction which
is not soluble in water is pelletized and then calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere
to produce a mixture made up of alpha-Al2O3 and MgO.Al2O3, which can have different
industrial applications (in particular fused grains, cement, glass, foundry and
steel mixes, refractory, mineral wool, abrasives, ceramic fibres and catalysers).
Finally the products obtained from the sintering process are analysed, and the
effect of temperature on eliminating impurities and the conversions that take place
between the different alumina phases are studied.
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RP LOPEZ, FA (corresponding author), CSIC,NATL CTR MET RES,AVDA GREGORIO AMO 8,E-
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RI López, Félix A./F-6016-2010
OI López, Félix A./0000-0001-9023-2996
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NR 27
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PI OXFORD
SN 0008-4433
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 1994
VL 33
IS 1
BP 29
EP 33
PG 5
GA MR998
UT WOS:A1994MR99800004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, QL
Zhang, BY
Feng, Y
Qi, CC
Chen, QS
Xiao, CC
AF Zhang, Qinli
Zhang, Bingyi
Feng, Yan
Qi, Chongchong
Chen, Qiusong
Xiao, Chongchun
TI Hydration development of blended cement paste with granulated copper
slag modified with CaO and Al2O3
LA English
DT Article
DE Granulated copper slag; Modification; Blended cement paste; Pozzolanic
activity
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PORTLAND-CEMENT;
MICROSTRUCTURE; WASTE; ACTIVATION; BACKFILL; HEAT; TCLP
AB Granulated copper slag (GCS) is currently applied to partial cement replacement
as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM), but with a low rate due to its low
pozzlanic activity. In this contribution we introduce an approach to enhance the
reactivity of GCS by modifying the mineral structure using calcium oxide (CaO) and
aluminum oxide (Al2O3) both by 10 wt.%, in a molten state. Blended cement pastes
were formulated using cement (70 wt.%) and the modified GCS (30 wt.%). The
development of hydration heat and strength were examined using isothermal
calorimetry and strength tests, respectively. The mineral composition and
microstructure of hydration products for different reaction periods were examined
using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy disper-sive
X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Also, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure
(TCLP) was performed on the samples. Results showed an increase in the hydration
heat emission rate from the early hydration and the compressive strength of blended
cement paste after curing for 28 days, indicating that the addition of CaO and
Al2O3 in GCS improves pozzolanic activity. XRD and SEM-EDS analysis indicated that
the modified GCS consumed more calcium hydroxide (CH) accompanied by increased
generation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels in blended cement with a
microstructure containing more gel phases and fewer pores, forming a more compact
structure. Leaching of heavy metals of paste samples was lower than Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) limit. It is possible to apply the modified GCS as a
sustainable material to promote cleaner production for cement and concrete
industries. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zhang, Qinli; Zhang, Bingyi; Feng, Yan; Qi, Chongchong; Chen, Qiusong; Xiao,
Chongchun] Cent South Univ, Sch Resources & Safety Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan,
Peoples R China.
[Xiao, Chongchun] Feny Co Ltd, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Feng, Y (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Resources & Safety Engn,
EM yan.feng@csu.edu.cn
RI Qi, Chongchong/K-1167-2019
OI Qi, Chongchong/0000-0001-5189-1614
52004330]; Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province
[2021RC3125]
FX This work was financially supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 52104156, No. 5207435, and No. 52004330) and
the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (No.
2021RC3125).
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TC 16
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2022
VL 18
BP 909
EP 920
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.03.008
EA MAR 2022
PG 12
Engineering
GA 1C5BG
UT WOS:000793133900003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, ZW
Jiang, M
Yang, EJ
Gao, SY
Wang, XH
AF Hou, Ze-Wang
Jiang, Min
Yang, En-Jiao
Gao, Sheng-Ya
Wang, Xin-Hua
TI Inclusion Characterization in Aluminum-Deoxidized Special Steel with
Certain Sulfur Content Under Combined Influences of Slag Refining,
Calcium Treatment, and Reoxidation
LA English
DT Article
ID MGO-CENTER-DOT-AL2O3 SPINEL INCLUSIONS; EQUILIBRIUM-S DISTRIBUTION;
FORMATION MECHANISM; STAINLESS-STEEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; ALLOYED
STEEL; AL; THERMODYNAMICS; DEOXIDATION; EVOLUTION
AB Inclusions in Al-killed steel with [S] of about 0.0060 to 0.0070 mass pct were
characterized and discussed, evaluating the combined effects of basic slag refining
and Ca treatment in ladle, together with reoxidation of liquid steel in casting
tundish. Inclusions were changed from Al2O3 to MgO-Al2O3 spinel and then to MgO-
Al2O3-CaO during basic slag refining. After Ca treatment, many (MgO-Al2O3)+CaS
inclusions were formed, featuring the coexistence of MgO-Al2O3 and CaS to form a
dual-phased structure. In the following Ar blowing, the number density of (MgO-
Al2O3)+CaS inclusions and pure CaS increased obviously, which implied that [Ca]
preferentially reacted with [S] rather than [O] in steel. Reoxidation in casting
tundish caused the pickup of oxygen in steel, and the rise of total oxygen (T.O)
was 0.0002mass pct; even 55t steel has been poured. As a result, the content of CaO
in inclusions increased and MgO-Al2O3-CaO inclusions were formed again.
Thermodynamic calculations revealed that the driving force was strong for the
formation of CaS-based inclusions. Higher carbon content in steel would help to
reduce oxygen content while enhancing the activity of [S] in steel, which further
stabilized the existence of CaS-based inclusions. Therefore, inclusions were mostly
the solid (MgO-Al2O3)+CaS dual-phase ones, without the formation of liquid calcium
aluminates. Contents of CaS and CaO in inclusions were affected by the [mass pct
S]/[mass pct O] ratio, which was calculated as about 4.58K and 5.34K at 1873K and
1823K, respectively. This finding implied that lower oxygen was not favorable to
prevent the solid inclusions in the calcium treatment of high carbon special steel.
C1 [Hou, Ze-Wang; Jiang, Min; Yang, En-Jiao; Gao, Sheng-Ya; Wang, Xin-Hua] Univ Sci
& Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RI Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023; Wang, Xin/HZL-4695-2023; Wang,
Xinhua/ISR-8520-2023; Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021; Wang,
Xiaoqiang/IQS-3727-2023; Wang, Xin/GYU-1129-2022
OI Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376; Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376;
FU China National Science Funding [51304013]
FX The authors are thankful for the support of China National Science
Funding (Grant No. 51304013) during this research.
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NR 53
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 49
IS 6
BP 3056
EP 3066
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PG 11
Engineering
GA HC2QV
UT WOS:000451647900012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GZ
Wang, N
Chen, M
Li, H
AF Zhang, Guangzong
Wang, Nan
Chen, Min
Li, Hui
TI Viscosity and Structure of
CaO-SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3-MgO System during
Iron-Extracting Process from Nickel Slag by Aluminum Dross. Part 1:
Coupling Effect of "FeO" and Al2O3
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum dross; "FeO"/Al2O3 ratio; nickel slag; slag structure;
viscosity
ID FURNACE TYPE SLAGS; AMPHOTERIC BEHAVIOR; SILICATE-GLASSES;
RAMAN-SPECTRA; MELTS; RATIO; MGO; CRYSTALLIZATION; PREDICTION; BASICITY
AB Nickel slag can be recycled as one of excellent secondary sources due to
valuable amounts of iron contents. Viscosity of CaO-SiO2-FeO-Al2O3-MgO slag system
during iron-extracting process from nickel slag by aluminum dross is investigated
from 1723 to 1873K. Evolution of viscosity and structure are studied with FeO/Al2O3
ratio decreasing from 1.69 to 0.48. Under the coupling effect of FeO and Al2O3, the
viscosity increases slowly before the reduction degree of 60% following by a
significant increase. Structure investigation shows that Al2O3 is always acting as
the network former, and the transition of dominant role from FeO to Al2O3 not only
leads to the disappearance of structural unit Q(0) in Raman spectra, but also the
occurrence of more complex unit Q(3), signifying an evident increase in the degree
of polymerization (DOP) of the slag. Additionally, the viscosity evolution during
the reduction process is calculated upon the non-isothermal thermodynamic model.
C1 [Zhang, Guangzong; Wang, Nan; Chen, Min; Li, Hui] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
RP Wang, N (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
EM wangn@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Wang, Nan/GRY-3150-2022; Wang,
Nan/HLV-7836-2023
OI Guangzong, Zhang/0000-0002-1689-9386
51574065, 51774073]
FX The authors thanked National Natural Science Foundation of China for the
financial support of this work (Grant Nos. 51774072, 51574066, 51574065,
51774073).
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NR 48
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 39
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 89
IS 10
AR 1800272
DI 10.1002/srin.201800272
PG 8
GA GV6YZ
UT WOS:000446268500014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gu, C
Bao, YP
Gan, P
Lian, JH
Münstermann, S
AF Gu, Chao
Bao, Yan-Ping
Gan, Peng
Lian, Jun-He
Muenstermann, Sebastian
TI An Experimental Study on the Impact of Deoxidation Methods on the
Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steels
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; bearing steel; deoxidation method; silicon; very high cycle
fatigue
ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; AL-KILLED STEEL; CRACK INITIATION; OXIDE INCLUSIONS;
STAINLESS-STEELS; SLAG COMPOSITION; REFINING PROCESS; MOLTEN STEEL; TOP
SLAG; SI
AB Strong deoxidation and weak deoxidation are two kinds of deoxidation methods
frequently applied in steelmaking. In the present study, high-carbon chromium
bearing steels are smelted with a strong deoxidizer and a weak deoxidizer,
respectively in industrial trials. The generation mechanism of inclusions is
analyzed, and the inclusion stability diagrams of the Fe-Si-Al-Mg-Mn-O system at
1873 and 1843 K are calculated. The very high cycle fatigue life of bearing steels
deoxidized with different deoxidizers is also experimentally compared. The results
showed that the evolution routes of inclusion in high-carbon chromium bearing
steels deoxidized by Si and Al are CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 -> CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO and Al2O3 -
> CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO, respectively. The Al content in steel is controlled by
different methods when different deoxidizers are applied. The effect of the oxide
inclusions generated during Si deoxidization on the fatigue life is lower than that
during Al deoxidization, even if the total oxygen content is slightly higher. This
effect suggests that it is not accurate to evaluate the fatigue life of steels with
the total oxygen content, and it is also desirable to produce bearing steels with
the Si deoxidation method.
C1 [Gu, Chao; Bao, Yan-Ping; Gan, Peng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Lian, Jun-He; Muenstermann, Sebastian] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Steel Inst,
Intzestr 1, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; RWTH Aachen University
RP Bao, YP (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM 15210951549@sina.cn
RI Lian, Junhe/C-5492-2009; Münstermann, Sebastian/E-5480-2012
OI Lian, Junhe/0000-0003-0323-3486; Münstermann,
Sebastian/0000-0002-6251-2429; Gu, Chao/0000-0002-0668-4859
FU State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallurgy Foundation [41614014];
FX This work was financially supported by the State Key Laboratory for
Advanced Metallurgy Foundation (No. 41614014) and Natural Science
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468
2014-691
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 20
U1 5
U2 40
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2018
VL 89
IS 9
AR 1800129
DI 10.1002/srin.201800129
PG 8
GA GS4EQ
UT WOS:000443590100014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hybská, H
Hroncová, E
Ladomersky, J
Balco, K
Mitterpach, J
AF Hybska, Helena
Hroncova, Emilia
Ladomersky, Juraj
Balco, Karol
Mitterpach, Jozef
TI Ecotoxicity of Concretes with Granulated Slag from Gray Iron Pilot
Production as Filler
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; gray iron; granulated slag; concrete composite; ecotoxicity
tests
ID FOUNDRY SLAG
AB This paper focuses on research concerning the ecotoxicological properties of
granulated slag from the pilot production of gray iron with red mud addition and
concrete composites with the application of this slag. Red mud is a hazardous waste
generated in the production of aluminium oxide. Negative ecotoxicological tests
are, therefore, one of the basic prerequisites for the ability to use granulated
slag from gray iron pilot production. Granulated slag and concrete composite
samples with various ratios of granulated slag have been subject to ecotoxicity
tests: determining root growth inhibition in the highly-cultivated plant Sinapis
alba, and determining acute toxicity in Daphnia magna. The results of
ecotoxicological testing of granulated slag from gray iron standard production and
gray iron pilot production with the additive were, according to the standard (STN
83 8303), negative. Additionally, the results of ecotoxicological tests of concrete
composites were negative, with the exception of a 50% substitution of fine
aggregate with slag from gray iron pilot production.
C1 [Hybska, Helena; Mitterpach, Jozef] Tech Univ Zvolen, Fac Ecol & Environm Sci,
Dept Environm Engn, Zvolen 96001, Slovakia.
[Hroncova, Emilia; Ladomersky, Juraj] Matej Bel Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Environm
Management, Banska Bystrica 97401, Slovakia.
[Balco, Karol] ZLH Plus As, Hronec 97645, Slovakia.
C3 Technical University Zvolen; Matej Bel University
RP Hroncová, E (corresponding author), Matej Bel Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Environm
Management, Banska Bystrica 97401, Slovakia.
EM hybska@tuzvo.sk; emilia.hroncova@gmail.com; juraj.ladomersky@umb.sk;
karolbalco@pobox.sk; jozef.mitterpach@gmail.com
RI Ladomerský, Juraj/V-4284-2019; Mitterpach, Jozef/AAC-3160-2021;
Hroncova, Emilia/L-2355-2016
OI Ladomerský, Juraj/0000-0002-8519-1015; Mitterpach,
Jozef/0000-0001-6059-5374; Hroncova, Emilia/0000-0002-8449-9771
FU Slovak Grant Agency KEGA [KEGA 035UMB-4/2015, KEGA 030UMB-4/2017];
Slovak Grant Agency VEGA [VEGA 1/0648/17]; Slovak Research and
Development Agency [APVV-0555-07]
FX This work was supported by the Slovak Grant Agency KEGA under the
contract no. KEGA 035UMB-4/2015 and no. KEGA 030UMB-4/2017. This
research was also supported by the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA under the
contract no. VEGA 1/0648/17. This research was also supported by the
Slovak Research and Development Agency under contract no. APVV-0555-07
"Model of two-stage processing of selected inorganic wastes (with
metallurgical way) and its verification".
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NR 30
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 16
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 5
AR 505
DI 10.3390/ma10050505
PG 12
Physics
GA EZ0QQ
UT WOS:000404411000057
PM 28772864
OA Green Published, Green Submitted, gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HY
Wang, Y
Wu, T
Li, JS
Yang, SF
AF Tang, H. Y.
Wang, Y.
Wu, T.
Li, J. S.
Yang, S. F.
TI Characteristics analysis of inclusion of 60Si2Mn-Cr spring steel via
experiments and thermodynamic calculations
LA English
DT Article
DE 60Si2Mn-Cr spring steel; Inclusion modification; Spinel inclusion;
Calcium treatment; Calcium sulphide
ID AL-KILLED STEEL; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; ALLOYED
STEEL; FATIGUE LIFE; SLAGS; MECHANISM; MG
AB A plant trial of the production of 60Si2Mn-Cr spring steel using silicon-
manganese combined with aluminium to deoxidise was performed, and the
characteristics of inclusions during ladle furnace refining, calcium treatment and
in billets were investigated by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive
spectroscopy and thermodynamic calculations. The formation mechanisms of oxide and
CaS inclusions are discussed. The experimental observation and thermodynamic
analysis showed that calcium treatment cannot entirely modify large-size MgO center
dot Al2O3 spinel inclusions into homogeneous CaO-MgO-Al2O3 inclusions, but formed a
liquid xCaO center dot yAl(2)O(3) layer on its surface. When the Al content was
0.05 mass%, [Mg], [Ca] and [O] in molten steel could be controlled at 2.7 similar
to 5 ppm, 2.5 similar to 8 ppm and 4.1 similar to 5.2 ppm, respectively, to achieve
inclusions in the low melting point region. A large amount of CaS was generated in
the present process due to a higher sulphur concentration in the molten steel and
an excessive amount of Ca-Si wire. To avoid/reduce its formation, the sulphur
concentration should be controlled to below 70 ppm.
C1 [Tang, H. Y.; Wang, Y.; Wu, T.; Li, J. S.; Yang, S. F.] Univ Sci & Technol
OI Wang, Yong/0000-0001-7585-4674
FU National Natural Science foundation of China [51374021]
FX The authors are grateful for the support of the funds by the National
Natural Science foundation of China (No. 51374021).
CR [Anonymous], 2007, THESIS
Cai X. F., 2015, STEEL RES INT, V86, P1
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MICROELECTRONICS (ICOM), P1, DOI 10.1109/ICoOM.2015.7398755
Wang X., 2009, P AISTECH 2009 IR ST, V1, P965
NR 34
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 35
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 5
BP 377
EP 388
DI 10.1080/03019233.2016.1212563
PG 12
GA FD4QQ
UT WOS:000407516100009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Agafonov, SN
Krasikov, SA
Ponomarenko, AA
Ovchinnikova, LA
AF Agafonov, S. N.
Krasikov, S. A.
Ponomarenko, A. A.
Ovchinnikova, L. A.
TI Phase relations in the aluminothermic reduction of ZrO2
SO INORGANIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
AB This paper presents thermodynamic evaluation of reactions between ZrO2 and
aluminum, which indicates that the aluminothermic reduction of zirconium oxides at
temperatures above 600A degrees C is only possible when Al (x) Zr (y) intermetallic
compounds form in the metallic phase. Thermodynamic analysis results are supported
by experimental data, which demonstrate that, at ZrO2: Al ratios in the range 0.4-
1.4, the aluminothermic reduction of ZrO2 leads predominantly to the formation of
the congruently melting compounds Al2Zr and Al3Zr. The phase formation in the slag
yields various forms of calcium aluminates and calcium zirconates and leads to a
gradual reduction in the oxidation state of the zirconium.
C1 [Agafonov, S. N.; Krasikov, S. A.; Ponomarenko, A. A.; Ovchinnikova, L. A.]
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch, Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metallurgy UB RAS
RP Agafonov, SN (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch, Ul
Amundsena 101, Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia.
EM sankr@mail.ru
FU Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences [12-T-3-1017]
FX This work was supported by the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences (project no. 12-T-3-1017, basic research program, Chemistry and
Materials Science Division, Russian Academy of Sciences).
CR [Anonymous], CONSTITUTION BINARY
Napalkov V.I., 1983, LIGATURY DLYA PROIZV
Roine A., 2002, USERS GUID OUTOKUMPU
NR 3
TC 16
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 17
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0020-1685
J9 INORG MATER+
JI Inorg. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 8
BP 813
EP 820
DI 10.1134/S0020168512070011
PG 8
GA 974IA
UT WOS:000306425500013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, M
Wang, XH
Wang, WJ
AF Jiang, M.
Wang, X. H.
Wang, W. J.
TI Study on refining slags targeting high cleanliness and lower melting
temperature inclusions in Al killed steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-metallic inclusion; Cleanliness; Aluminium deoxidation; Slag;
Fatigue; Alloy steel
ID CRACK INITIATION; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; SPRING STEEL; FATIGUE; STRENGTH
AB Three high basicity slags (A, B and C) were used in laboratory to refine Al
killed steel to target high oxide cleanliness and low melting temperature
inclusions. Inclusions were of CaO-MgO-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) system after 90 min
reaction, parts of which were MgO based. Total oxygen were in the range of 0.0007-
0.0010 and 0.0005-0.0010% respectively when slag A (CaO/SiO(2), 6-8; Al(2)O(3),
similar to 40%) and slag B (CaO/SiO(2), 6-8; Al(2)O(3) similar to 30%) were
applied, with inclusions all in spherical shape and mainly < 5 mu m. Inclusion
composition concentrated in or around the lower melting point region (< 1500
degrees C) under slag A, while it became more scattered under slag B. Total oxygen
varied between 0.0008 and 0.0011% under slag C (CaO/SiO(2), 3-4; Al(2)O(3), about
20-25%). Many of the inclusions were in larger size, irregular morphology and
located far away from the lower melting point region. Formation of MgO based
inclusions closely related to solubility behaviour of MgO in the slag.
C1 [Jiang, M.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, X. H.; Wang, W. J.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Technology Beijing
RP Jiang, M (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
EM jiangmin820429@yahoo.com.cn
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB630806]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [00070153]
FX The authors thank the National Basic Research Program of China (grant
no. 2010CB630806) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant
no. 00070153).
CR Abe T, 2003, TETSU TO HAGANE, V89, P711, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.89.6_711
[Anonymous], J IRON STEEL I
BJORNIVAR K, 1976, SCAND J METALL, V5, P63
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NR 17
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 39
IS 1
BP 20
EP 25
DI 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000043
PG 6
GA 867XT
UT WOS:000298488800003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Björklund, J
Andersson, M
Jönsson, P
AF Bjorklund, J.
Andersson, M.
Jonsson, P.
TI Equilibrium between stag, steel and inclusions during ladle treatment::
comparison with production data
LA English
DT Article
DE models; activity; slag; steel; oxygen; oxide
ID SLAGS
AB The primary purpose of the investigation was to determine whether equilibrium
conditions exist between slag and steel and inclusions and steel after silicon
deoxidation and aluminium deoxidation. In doing so, the performance of three
different models for predicting oxide component activities was also evaluated. The
results from the oxide activity models were used to calculate oxygen activities in
the steel melt. Industrial data such as steel, slag and inclusion component
concentrations, as well as temperature, were used as input to the calculations. One
general conclusion drawn was that although the results from the different models
showed similar trends, the models did not predict the same actual values for
specific calculations. Predicted theoretical equilibrium oxygen activity values
were compared with plant measurements of oxygen activity. Here, it was found that
the oxygen activity values pertaining to the equilibrium between steel and
inclusions were higher than corresponding measured values. The calculations for the
equilibrium between the top slag and steel melt, however, resulted in theoretical
oxygen activity values considerably lower than corresponding measurements. It was
thus concluded that equilibrium conditions did not exist between the top slag and
the steel bulk with respect to oxygen. Overall, the models proved useful in
predicting oxide activities, but the lack of equilibrium between top slag and
molten steel made the calculation of oxygen activity difficult.
C1 Royal Inst Technol, Div Appl Proc Met, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Jönsson, P (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Div Appl Proc Met,
Brinellvagen 23, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM par@mse.kth.se
Andersson MAT, 2000, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V27, P286, DOI 10.1179/030192300677570
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NR 11
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 6
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD JUL
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 4
BP 312
EP 324
DI 10.1179/174328107X168039
PG 13
GA 197GD
UT WOS:000248541700006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JJ
Zhang, LF
Cheng, G
Ren, Q
Ren, Y
AF Wang, Ju-jin
Zhang, Li-feng
Cheng, Gong
Ren, Qiang
Ren, Ying
TI Dynamic mass variation and multiphase interaction among steel, slag,
lining refractory and nonmetallic inclusions: Laboratory experiments and
mathematical prediction
LA English
DT Article
DE mass transfer; steel; slag; lining refractory; nonmetallic inclusions;
kinetic model
ID KINETIC-MODEL; STAINLESS-STEEL; MOLTEN STEEL; BEHAVIOR; METAL;
DESULFURIZATION; THERMODYNAMICS; GLAZE; MGO
AB The mass transfer among the multiphase interactions among the steel, slag,
lining refractory, and nonmetallic inclusions during the refining process of a
bearing steel was studied using laboratory experiments and numerical kinetic
prediction. Experiments on the system with and without the slag phase were carried
out to evaluate the influence of the refractory and the slag on the mass transfer.
A mathematical model coupled the ion and molecule coexistence theory, coupled-
reaction model, and the surface renewal theory was established to predict the
dynamic mass transfer and composition transformation of the steel, the slag, and
nonmetallic inclusions in the steel. During the refining process, Al2O3 inclusions
transformed into MgO inclusions owing to the mass transfer of [Mg] at the
steel/refractory interface and (MgO) at the slag/refractory interface. Most of the
aluminum involved in the transport entered the slag and a small part of the
aluminum transferred to lining refractory, forming the Al2O3 or MgO center dot
Al2O3. The slag had a significant acceleration effect on the mass transfer. The
mass transfer rate (or the reaction rate) of the system with the slag was
approximately 5 times larger than that of the system without the slag. In the first
20 min of the refining, rates of magnesium mass transfer at the steel/inclusion
interface, steel/refractory interface, and steel/slag interface were x, 1.1x, and
2.2x, respectively. The composition transformation of inclusions and the mass
transfer of magnesium and aluminum in the steel were predicted with an acceptable
accuracy using the established kinetic model.
C1 [Wang, Ju-jin; Cheng, Gong; Ren, Ying] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Li-feng] Yanshan Univ, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol,
Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R China.
[Ren, Qiang] Yanshan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R
China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Yanshan University; Yanshan
University
RP Ren, Y (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Yanshan Univ,
State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R
China.
EM zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn; yingren@ustb.edu.cn
RI Wang, Jujin/GQA-4492-2022
OI Wang, Jujin/0000-0001-8849-8592
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NR 46
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 28
IS 8
BP 1298
EP 1308
DI 10.1007/s12613-021-2304-4
PG 11
Mineral Processing
GA TX8QA
UT WOS:000683350100006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tian, C
Yuan, L
Yu, JK
Jia, DB
Yao, XL
Wen, TP
AF Tian, Chen
Yuan, Lei
Yu, Jingkun
Jia, Danbin
Yao, Xinglong
Wen, Tianpeng
TI Effect of External Electric Field Application on the Clogging Behavior
of Submerged Entry Nozzles During Aluminum-Killed Steel Casting
LA English
DT Article
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; LIQUID-METAL; MECHANISM; OXIDE; EVOLUTION;
FERRITE; SLAG
AB Clogging behavior has been investigated by applying a direct current on a
submerged entry nozzle (SEN). The relevant experimental results verify that the
high-speed friction acting on the SEN not only leads to charging of the inclusions,
but also inhibits the clogging behavior and improves the quality of the steel.
After DC treatment, the formation of clogging in the SEN decelerates and the
stability improves, such that the density of clogging increases and the porosity of
clogging decreases significantly. Meanwhile, after applying a DC electric field,
the overall quality of steel is also improved.
C1 [Tian, Chen; Yuan, Lei; Yu, Jingkun; Jia, Danbin; Yao, Xinglong; Wen, Tianpeng]
[Yu, Jingkun] Northeastern Univ, State Key Lab Rolling & Automat, Shenyang
C3 Northeastern University - China; Northeastern University - China
RP Yuan, L (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM yuanl@smm.neu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51974074, 51874083]; State
Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [51932008];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N2025036,
N182504009]
FX The authors express their gratitude for the financial support from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51974074,
51874083), the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant No. 51932008) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (Grant N2025036, N182504009).
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NR 47
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 5
BP 2095
EP 2106
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01926-5
EA AUG 2020
PG 12
Engineering
GA NP5NW
UT WOS:000557121400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Prostakova, V
Shishin, D
Shevchenko, M
Jak, E
AF Prostakova, Viktoria
Shishin, Denis
Shevchenko, Maksym
Jak, Evgueni
TI Thermodynamic optimization of the
Al2O3-FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2</s
ub> oxide system
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic modeling; Slags; Alumina; Silica; Iron oxide; Phase
diagrams
ID QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; IRON-ALUMINUM-OXYGEN; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA;
HEAT-CAPACITY; LIQUIDUS TEMPERATURES; MULLITE; PART; SOLUBILITY;
AL2O3-SIO2; SUBSOLIDUS
AB A complete literature review, critical assessment, and thermodynamic modeling of
the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of oxide phases in the Al2O3-FeO-
Fe2O3-SiO2 system at a total pressure of 1 atm are presented. A set of optimized
model parameters for all phases was obtained to reproduce all previously published
thermodynamic and phase equilibrium data. Some discrepancies in the literature data
were identified, particularly for liquidus measurements and the Fe3+/(Fe2+ + Fe3+)
ratio in the slag phase (liquid oxide phase) at high temperatures. Analysis of
internal consistency with the Al2O3-FeO-Fe2O3, FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 and Al2O3-SiO2 sub-
systems allowed to resolve the discrepancies. Previously published model parameters
for the slag phase in the Al2O3-FeO-Fe2O3 system were slightly modified to achieve
better overall agreement. The final set of model parameters for oxide phases
reproduces all available data within experimental error limits. The Modified
Quasichemical Model was used for modeling of the slag phase. The models based on
the Compound Energy Formalism were applied for spinel and mullite solid oxide
solutions. The database of model parameters optimized in the present study can be
used along with software for Gibbs energy minimization to describe thermodynamic
equilibria at all compositions and oxygen partial pressures, from the lowest
corresponding to equilibrium with metal up to the highest P(O-2) of 1 atm. The
database was incorporated into the larger database for the multicomponent Al-Ca-Cu-
Fe-Mg-Pb-Zn-O-S-Si-(As, Sb, Bi, Sn, Ag, Au, Ni) chemical system and successfully
used for calculations of equilibria relevant to copper, lead, zinc smelting and
recycling.
C1 [Prostakova, Viktoria; Shishin, Denis; Shevchenko, Maksym; Jak, Evgueni] Univ
Queensland, Sch Engn, Pyromet Innovat Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Prostakova, V (corresponding author), Univ Queensland, Sch Engn, Pyromet Innovat
Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM v.prostakova@uq.edu.au
RI Shishin, Denis/AAE-5199-2020; Shevchenko, Maksym/HNP-0886-2023
OI Shishin, Denis/0000-0003-2734-1078; Shevchenko,
Maksym/0000-0002-9420-9336; Jak, Evgueni/0000-0002-7768-1874
FU Australian Research Council [LP140100480]; Atlantic Copper; Aurubis; BHP
Billiton Olympic Dam Operation; Kazzinc Glencore; PASAR Glencore;
Outotec Oy (Espoo); Anglo American Platinum; Umicore; Rio Tinto
Kennecott; Boliden; Australian Research Council [LP140100480] Funding
Source: Australian Research Council
FX The authors would like to thank the Australian Research Council Linkage
program LP140100480, and industry partners, Atlantic Copper, Aurubis,
BHP Billiton Olympic Dam Operation, Kazzinc Glencore, PASAR Glencore,
Outotec Oy (Espoo), Anglo American Platinum, Umicore, Rio Tinto
Kennecott, and Boliden for the financial and technical support for this
research.
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NR 86
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 26
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
PD DEC
PY 2019
VL 67
AR 101680
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2019.101680
PG 16
Engineering
GA JU8QV
UT WOS:000501935500013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Duan, SC
Shi, X
Wang, F
Zhang, MC
Li, B
Yang, WS
Guo, HJ
Guo, J
AF Duan, Sheng-Chao
Shi, Xiao
Wang, Fei
Zhang, Man-Cang
Li, Bin
Yang, Wen-Sheng
Guo, Han-Jie
Guo, Jing
TI Investigation of desulfurization of Inconel 718 superalloys by ESR type
slags with different TiO2 content
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel-based alloy; Desulfurization mechanism; Specific reaction
interface; Oxygen activity; Mass transfer model; Ion and molecule
coexistence theory
ID NI-BASE SUPERALLOY; METAL-SULFUR SYSTEMS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;
STAINLESS-STEEL; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; TITANIUM;
NICKEL; ALUMINUM; KINETICS
AB In the present study, effect of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2 slag with various TiO2
contents on the desulfurization of Inconel 718 alloy was investigated at 1773 K to
provide the fundamental information for the establishment of desulfurization
procedure during electroslag remelting (ESR) process. The melt-quenching method did
not accurately determine the change in content of sulfur and oxygen in the nickel-
based alloy with time for the present study, which uses a novel experimental
apparatus. The results indicated that the final sulfur content in the nickel-based
alloy increased from 7 to 9 ppm when the TiO2 content in slag of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-
MgO-TiO2 system increased from 2.17 to 10% without addition of deoxidizer. In order
to further expound the desulfurization mechanism, meanwhile, the relationship
between the oxygen activity at slag-metal interface and reaction time under
conditions of various TiO2 in the slag was studied by coupling with the developed
mass transfer model. The calculated oxygen content in bulk metal has a good
corresponding relationship with the measured oxygen content in the nickel-based
alloy. The oxygen activity at slag-metal interface increased up to 9.6 ppm when
TiO2 content was 10% in the slag, giving rise to the decrease in desulfurization
ratio in high TiO2 content. The optimal condition for simultaneously ensuring low
sulfur content and maintaining oxidative elements, such as Al and Ti, uniformly
from bottom to top of the ESR ingot is also discussed. (C) 2019 The Authors.
Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Duan, Sheng-Chao; Shi, Xiao; Zhang, Man-Cang; Li, Bin; Yang, Wen-Sheng; Guo,
Han-Jie; Guo, Jing] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing
[Duan, Sheng-Chao; Shi, Xiao; Zhang, Man-Cang; Li, Bin; Yang, Wen-Sheng; Guo,
Han-Jie; Guo, Jing] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Beijing Key Lab Special Melting &
Preparat High E, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Fei] CISRI, Res Inst High Temp Mat, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing; Central Iron & Steel Research Institute
RP Duan, SC; Guo, HJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Duan, SC; Guo, HJ (corresponding
author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Beijing Key Lab Special Melting & Preparat
High E, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM Metall_DSC@163.com; mighty_works@163.com; 18046511210@163.com;
zmc5125@163.com; libin4962337@163.com; yws3179608@163.com;
guohanne@ustb.edu.cn; guojingzq@163.com
RI Li, Bin/IQT-8772-2023; Duan, Shengchao/M-1269-2017
OI Li, Bin/0000-0002-2404-9971; Guo, Han-jie/0000-0002-6493-8853; Duan,
Shengchao/0000-0001-5007-3601
FX The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to senior
engineer Li-hui Han of National Experimental Teaching Demonstration
Center for Metallurgical Engineering at University of Science and
Technology Beijing (USTB) for helping to do experiments, Ph.D.
Candidates Bin Li and Shao-ying Li of School of Metallurgical and
Ecological Engineering as well as as Prof. Cheng-bin Shi of State Key
Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy (SKL) at University of Science and
Technology Beijing (USTB) contributed to the discussion of the results.
The authors are also thankful for the support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1560203 and 51704021).
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NR 57
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 7
U2 35
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2019
VL 8
IS 3
BP 2508
EP 2516
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.01.027
PG 9
Engineering
GA IC1YM
UT WOS:000470755800004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shi, CC
Wu, GH
Zhang, L
Zhang, XL
AF Shi, Chunchang
Wu, Guohua
Zhang, Liang
Zhang, Xiaolong
TI Al-5.5Mg-1.5Li-0.5Zn-0.07Sc-0.07Zr alloy produced by gravity casting and
heat treatment processing
SO MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Aging; Al-Mg-Li; casting; dislocation; elongation; hardening; PFZs;
solution; strength
ID AL-LI ALLOY; ALUMINUM-LITHIUM ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MG ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; ZR; NUCLEATION; EVOLUTION; MN
AB Al-5.5Mg-1.5Li-0.5Zn-0.07Sc-0.07Zr alloy was produced by gravity casting and
heat treatment processing. After gravity casting based on the melting processing
scheme designed specifically for the studied alloy, there was no obvious porosity
and slag. In as-cast alloy, there were many network-shaped second phase particles
enriched along the grain boundaries, most of which integrated into the -Al matrix
after solution heat treated at 500 degrees C for 10h. The grain growth was
inconspicuous, which means low grain boundary stress concentration resulted by
planar slip. To meet the requirement for industrial actuality, avoid the
excessively detrimental effect of PFZs and utilize the order hardening effect of
(Al3Li) phases sufficiently, 175 degrees C/8h was preferred as the aging regime.
Optimal comprehensive mechanical properties were obtained after solid solution heat
treated process (500 degrees C/10h) and subsequent aging treatment (175 degrees
C/8h) with elongation, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength reaching 8.7%,
270.5MPa, and 435.5MPa, respectively.
C1 [Wu, Guohua; Zhang, Liang] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Light
Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Guohua; Zhang, Liang] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met Matrix
Composites, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
RP Wu, GH; Zhang, L (corresponding author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Natl Engn Res
Ctr Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.; Wu, GH; Zhang, L
(corresponding author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met Matrix
Composites, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
EM ghwu@sjtu.edu.cn; liangzhang08@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Xiaolong/AAK-5077-2021
OI Shi, Chunchang/0000-0002-6553-6231; Zhang, Xiaolong/0000-0002-5322-0475;
zhang, liang/0000-0002-2694-1779; Wu, Guohua/0000-0001-5089-4354
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFB0301003]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51404153]
FX This project is sponsored in part by the National Key R&D Program of
China (No. 2016YFB0301003) and National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 51404153).
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NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 38
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1042-6914
EI 1532-2475
J9 MATER MANUF PROCESS
JI Mater. Manuf. Process.
PY 2018
VL 33
IS 8
BP 891
EP 897
DI 10.1080/10426914.2017.1401725
PG 7
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA FW6QJ
UT WOS:000425442900013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, AX
Chang, YB
Liu, HJ
AF Sun, Aixi
Chang, Yubo
Liu, Hongjun
TI Metal micro-hole formation without recast layer by laser machining and
electrochemical machining
SO OPTIK
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser machining; Electrochemical machining; No recast layer; Metal
micro-hole; Optimized parameters
ID ALLOY; OPTIMIZATION; SIMULATION; ALUMINUM; STEEL
AB Laser machining and electrochemical machining (LM-ECM) of metal micro-hole is
presented in this study. Millisecond pulsed laser etches metallic materials by
thermal effect, and electrochemical machining removes recast layer. No recast layer
is produced on the wall of metal micro holes. Machining accuracy and efficiency are
improved. Prefabricated micro-hole modeling of laser machining and metal micro-hole
modeling of electrochemical machining are established. The main process parameters
of LM-ECM are determined by the models. Effects of the process parameters on
experimental results are investigated and the optimized parameters are given.
Comparison between LM-ECM and single machining approaches is made. The experimental
results revealed that the material surface of LM-ECM is cleaner than single laser
machining and do not have molten slag. There is no recast layer on the wall of the
micro-holes. Compared to single electrochemical machining, the efficiency and
accuracy of LM-ECM are improved by 51.35% and 30.43% respectively.
C1 [Sun, Aixi] Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu,
Peoples R China.
[Chang, Yubo] Nanjing Inst Adv Laser Technol, Nanjing 210038, Jiangsu, Peoples R
China.
[Liu, Hongjun] Shenyang Aerosp Univ, Sch Mechatron Engn, Shenyang 110136,
C3 Nanjing University of Science & Technology; Shenyang Aerospace
University
RP Liu, HJ (corresponding author), Shenyang Aerosp Univ, Sch Mechatron Engn,
EM 13386878635@163.com
CR Ayyappan S, 2015, P I MECH ENG B-J ENG, V229, P1984, DOI
10.1177/0954405414542136
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0136(02)00270-4
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10.3969/j.issn.1671-4776.2012.05.009
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Zhao Jianshe, 2014, Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics &
Astronautics, V31, P492
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NR 20
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 69
PU ELSEVIER GMBH
PI MUNICH
PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0030-4026
EI 1618-1336
J9 OPTIK
JI Optik
PY 2018
VL 171
BP 694
EP 705
DI 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.06.099
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA GT6WD
UT WOS:000444660700091
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, CL
Wen, GH
Tang, P
AF Yang, Changlin
Wen, Guanghua
Tang, Ping
TI Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Mold Fluxes Containing
Li2O for High Aluminum Steel Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE continuous casting; high aluminum steel; mold flux; crystallization
kinetics
ID HIGH AL STEEL; NA2O
AB When continuously casting high Al steels, CaO-SiO2 based mold fluxes can be
easier for sequence casting, but due to the significant reactions of the Al in the
metal with SiO2, slab surface quality is not desirable. When increasing basicity of
CaO-SiO2 based mold fluxes, slab surface quality can be improved, but thick slag
rim can easily be formed during cooling process. Therefore, non-isothermal
crystallization kinetics of mold fluxes used for high Al steels are studied to
optimize the crystallization behavior of "working" fluxes. Results indicate that
the addition of Li2O can decrease crystallization temperature and crystallization
rate within the range of Na2O studied. The Avrami exponent determined by Avrami
equation indicates that disk-like growth type and spherulitic-like growth type are
the main mechanisms in crystallization, which is consistent with results observed
under SEM. When mold flux contains 8% Na2O and 4.5% Li2O, the effective activation
energy is between -299 and -488 KJ mol(-1). When mold flux contains no Na2O and
6.5% Li2O, the effective activation energy is between -266 and -414 KJ mol(-1),
which indicates that Na2O-free mold fluxes containing high Li2O is beneficial for
improving crystallization characteristics and realizing sufficient lubrication.
C1 [Yang, Changlin; Wen, Guanghua; Tang, Ping] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
RP Yang, CL (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM yangcl@cqu.edu.cn
FU National Science Foundation [51274260]
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to the National Science
Foundation (grant no. 51274260) for providing financial support which
enabled this study to be successfully carried out.
CR Abu-Sehly AA, 2009, J ALLOY COMPD, V476, P348, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.08.059
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10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.10.145
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Yan W., 2013, SPEC STEEL, V34, P1
NR 29
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 16
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 87
IS 7
BP 880
EP 889
DI 10.1002/srin.201500258
PG 10
GA DZ1PO
UT WOS:000385610500008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abbasalizadeh, A
Seetharaman, S
Teng, L
Sridhar, S
Grinder, O
Izumi, Y
Barati, M
AF Abbasalizadeh, Aida
Seetharaman, Seshadri
Teng, Lidong
Grinder, Olle
Izumi, Yukari
Barati, Mansoor
TI Highlights of the Salt Extraction Process
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID EUTECTIC LICL-KCL
AB This article presents the salient features of a new process for the recovery of
metal values from secondary sources and waste materials such as slag and flue
dusts. It is also feasible in extracting metals such as nickel and cobalt from ores
that normally are difficult to enrich and process metallurgically. The salt
extraction process is based on extraction of the metals from the raw materials by a
molten salt bath consisting of NaCl, LiCl, and KCl corresponding to the eutectic
composition with AlCl3 as the chlorinating agent. The process is operated in the
temperature range 973 K (700 degrees C) to 1173 K (900 degrees C). The process was
shown to be successful in extracting Cr and Fe from electric arc furnace (EAF)
slag. Electrolytic copper could be produced from copper concentrate based on
chalcopyrite in a single step. Conducting the process in oxygen-free atmosphere,
sulfur could be captured in the elemental form. The method proved to be successful
in extracting lead from spent cathode ray tubes. In order to prevent the loss of
AlCl3 in the vapor form and also chlorine gas emission at the cathode during the
electrolysis, liquid aluminum was used. The process was shown to be successful in
extracting Nd and Dy from magnetic scrap. The method is a highly promising process
route for the recovery of strategic metals. It also has the added advantage of
being environmentally friendly.
C1 [Abbasalizadeh, Aida; Seetharaman, Seshadri; Teng, Lidong] Royal Inst Technol,
Stockholm, Sweden.
[Seetharaman, Seshadri; Grinder, Olle] Salt Extract AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Univ Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Izumi, Yukari] Kitakyushu Inst Technol, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
[Barati, Mansoor] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology; University of Warwick; University of
Toronto
RP Abbasalizadeh, A (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.
EM aidaa@kth.se; raman@kth.se; lidong@kth.se; s.seetharaman@warwick.ac.uk;
grinder@algonet.se; HCA00324@nifty.com; mansoor.barati@utoronto.ca
CR Abbasalizadeh A., 2013, UNPUB
Abbasalizadeh A., 2012, 5 C ION LIQ COIL C P
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10.1016/j.electacta.2004.09.013
Castrillejo Y, 2003, J ELECTROANAL CHEM, V545, P141, DOI 10.1016/S0022-
0728(03)00092-5
Fukasawa K, 2011, J NUCL MATER, V414, P265, DOI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.04.002
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Ge XL, 2010, T I MIN METALL C, V119, P27, DOI 10.1179/037195509X12585446038726
Ge XL, 2010, T I MIN METALL C, V119, P93, DOI 10.1179/174328510X498116
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Hamel C, 2004, ELECTROCHIM ACTA, V49, P4467, DOI 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.05.003
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Khalaghi B., 2012, INT C MOLT SLAGS FLU
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NR 21
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 65
IS 11
BP 1552
EP 1558
DI 10.1007/s11837-013-0752-7
PG 7
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 258ZE
UT WOS:000327496400026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Severin, T
Rehren, T
Schleicher, H
AF Severin, Thorsten
Rehren, Thilo
Schleicher, Helmut
TI Early metal smelting in Aksum, Ethiopia: copper or iron?
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MINERALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE archaeometallurgy; iron; copper; smelting; Aksum; Ethiopia; archaeology;
slag; mass balance estimate
AB A selection of archaeometallurgical remains from the 3rd/4th century A.D., found
in Aksum, Ethiopia, were analysed in order to determine the nature of the process
by which they were produced, i.e. copper or iron smelting. Chemical and
mineralogical analyses excluded a relationship to copper smelting; instead, all
samples are consistent with a highly efficient iron smelting operation using the
bloomery process and slag tapping furnaces. A lateritic iron ore containing at
least 80 wt% FeO was smelted, resulting in an estimated one unit by weight of iron
metal produced for every unit by weight of slag left behind, and little erosion of
furnace wall material. The zoning of spinels, with chromium- and aluminium-rich
inner parts and mixed hercynitic-ulvitic outer rims, reflects the evolution of the
melt phase under strongly reducing conditions.
C1 [Rehren, Thilo] UCL Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar.
[Severin, Thorsten; Schleicher, Helmut] Univ Hamburg, Mineral Petrog Inst, D-
20146 Hamburg, Germany.
C3 University College Of London In Qatar; University of Hamburg
RP Rehren, T (corresponding author), UCL Qatar, POB 23689, Education City, Doha,
Qatar.
EM th.rehren@ucl.ac.uk
RI Schleicher, Helmut/E-4371-2018; Rehren, Thilo/C-1567-2008
OI Schleicher, Helmut/0000-0003-4972-3966; Rehren,
Thilo/0000-0002-9169-1198
FU Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut of the University of Hamburg;
Wolfson Archaeological Science Laboratory, UCL Institute of Archaeology
FX The study presented here is based on Professor Ziegert's research
project "Untersuchungen zu Ursachen, Verlauf und Folgen ausgewahlter
Umbruchsperioden der athiopischen Geschichte". We are grateful for his
encouragement to undertake this study, and the provision of the sample
material for analysis. The analytical work was carried out by Thorsten
Severin as part of the examination requirements for the degree of
Diplom-Geologe at the University of Hamburg. We gratefully acknowledge
the support from colleagues at the Mineralogisch-Petrographisches
Institut of the University of Hamburg (thin section sample preparation
and electron probe micro-analysis) and the Wolfson Archaeological
Science Laboratory, UCL Institute of Archaeology (powder preparation and
XRF analysis), respectively. We are grateful for the detailed comments
from the anonymous reviewers who helped to improve the quality of the
manuscript and illustrations. All remaining errors are ours.
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NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 18
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0935-1221
EI 1617-4011
J9 EUR J MINERAL
JI Eur. J. Mineral.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 23
IS 6
BP 981
EP 992
DI 10.1127/0935-1221/2011/0023-2167
PG 12
WC Mineralogy
WE Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Arts & Humanities Citation
Index (A&HCI)
SC Mineralogy
GA 870KX
UT WOS:000298669300012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Valles, M
Avila, G
Martinez, S
Terradas, R
Nogués, JM
AF Garcia-Valles, M.
Avila, G.
Martinez, S.
Terradas, R.
Nogues, J. M.
TI Acoustic barriers obtained from industrial wastes
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-slag; recycling; wastes; thermal insulate; acoustical insulation
ID PRESSED BODIES; RICH WASTES; SLUDGE; BEHAVIOR
AB Acoustic pollution is an environmental problem that is becoming increasingly
more important in our society. Likewise, the accumulation of generated waste and
the need for waste management are also becoming more and more pressing. In this
study we describe a new material-called PROUSO-obtained from industrial wastes.
PROUSO has a variety of commercial and engineering, as well as building,
applications. The main raw materials used for this environmentally friendly
material come from slag from the aluminium recycling process, dust from the marble
industry, foundry sands, and recycled expanded polystyrene from recycled packaging.
Some natural materials, such as plastic clays, are also used. To obtain PROUSO we
used a conventional ceramic process, forming new mineral phases and incorporating
polluted elements into the structure. Its physical properties make PROUSO an
excellent acoustic and thermal insulation material. It absorbs 95% of the sound in
the frequency band of the 500 Hz. Its compressive strength makes it ideal for use
in ceramic wall building. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Garcia-Valles, M.] Univ Barcelona, Dpt Cristallografia Mineral, E-08028
Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, Dip Minerals, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
C3 University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona
RP Garcia-Valles, M (corresponding author), Univ Barcelona, Dpt Cristallografia
Mineral, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
EM maitegarciavalles@ub.edu
RI Martínez, Salvador/L-5777-2014; Garcia-Valles, Maite/L-5696-2014
OI Martínez, Salvador/0000-0002-3346-3947; Garcia-Valles,
Maite/0000-0003-1117-1705
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NR 21
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 18
PI OXFORD
SN 0045-6535
EI 1879-1298
J9 CHEMOSPHERE
JI Chemosphere
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 72
IS 7
BP 1098
EP 1102
DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.039
PG 5
GA 331PL
UT WOS:000258024300016
PM 18514765
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, BQ
Fang, HS
Lu, L
Lai, MO
Ma, HT
Li, JG
AF Zhang, BQ
Fang, HS
Lu, L
Lai, MO
Ma, HT
Li, JG
TI Synthesis mechanism of an Al-Ti-C grain refiner master alloy prepared by
a new method
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL
AB The mechanisms of in-situ synthesis of an Al-Ti-C grain-refiner master alloy,
prepared by adding a powder mixture of potassium titanium fluoride and carbon into
an aluminum melt, have been systematically studied. It was found that vigorous
reactions occurred at the initial stage of reaction and then slowed down. After
about 20 minutes, the reactions, which led the formation of blocky titanium
aluminides and submicron titanium carbides in the aluminum matrix, appeared to
reach completion. Potassium titanium fluoride reacted with aluminum and carbon at
724 degreesC and 736 degreesC, respectively, resulting in the formation of titanium
aluminides and titanium carbides in the aluminum matrix as well as in the formation
of a low-melting-point slag of binary potassium aluminofluorides. The reaction
between potassium titanium fluoride and carbon is believed to be the predominant
mechanism in the synthesis of TiC by this method.
C1 Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
C3 Tsinghua University
RP Zhang, BQ (corresponding author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing
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NR 19
TC 15
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 12
PI WARRENDALE
SN 1073-5623
PD AUG
PY 2003
VL 34A
IS 8
BP 1727
EP 1733
DI 10.1007/s11661-003-0316-5
PG 7
Engineering
GA 705MT
UT WOS:000184399400014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU DROUET, MG
HANDFIELD, M
MEUNIER, J
LAFLAMME, CB
AF DROUET, MG
HANDFIELD, M
MEUNIER, J
LAFLAMME, CB
TI DROSS TREATMENT IN A ROTARY ARC FURNACE WITH GRAPHITE-ELECTRODES
SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Aluminum baths are always covered with a layer of dross resulting from the
aluminum surface oxidation. This dross represents 1-10% of the melt and may contain
up to 75 wt.% aluminum. Since aluminum production is highly energy intensive,
dross recycling is very attractive from both energy and economic standpoints. The
conventional recycling process using salt rotary furnaces is thermally inefficient
and environmentally unacceptable because of the production of salt slags. Hydro-
Quebec has developed a new technology using a rotary arc furnace with graphite
electrodes. This process provides aluminum recovery rates of 80-90%, using a highly
energy efficient, environmentally sound production method.
RP DROUET, MG (corresponding author), HYDRO QUEBEC,LTEE,DEPT IND PLASMA,600 RUE
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CR DROUET MG, 1993, Patent No. 5245627
Lavoie S, 1991, LIGHT MET, P981
NR 2
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086
SN 1047-4838
J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S
JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc.
PD MAY
PY 1994
VL 46
IS 5
BP 26
EP 27
DI 10.1007/BF03220691
PG 2
GA NJ968
UT WOS:A1994NJ96800005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU HESS, E
CHEN, K
ACOSTA, P
BRENT, D
FENDELL, F
AF HESS, E
CHEN, K
ACOSTA, P
BRENT, D
FENDELL, F
TI EFFECT OF ALUMINIZED-GRAIN DESIGN ON SLAG ACCUMULATION
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID ROCKET MOTORS; FLOWS
AB A parametric investigation was carried out, by analytic and numeric solution of
a simple Eulerian-potential-flow/Lagrangian-particle-tracking formulation, of the
effect of metallized-grain configuration on the retention of slag within the cavity
of a first-stage-type solid-rocket-propellant motor. In particular, a relatively
short motor with the grain deeply slotted near the aft end, a relatively long motor
also with the grain deeply slotted near the aft end, and a long "conocyl" motor
with axially distributed slots (such that much of the aft end was grain filled
during the entire burn) were compared. The same initial grain bore and the same
casing diameter pertained to all three motors, and in each case the nozzle was
taken to be deeply recessed ("submerged"). It was found that, over a wide range of
plausible particle sizes, the accumulation of slag (here, molten aluminum oxide) at
the aft end is appreciably less for the short motor and for the conocyl motor than
for the long motor. Further, it was found that the effect of a plausible flight-
acceleration history on slag retention, relative to a standard-gravity calculation,
would be discernible only for larger particle sizes, above roughly 200-mum
diameter.
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NR 13
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091
SN 0022-4650
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD SEP-OCT
PY 1992
VL 29
IS 5
BP 697
EP 703
DI 10.2514/3.55646
PG 7
WC Engineering, Aerospace
SC Engineering
GA JR777
UT WOS:A1992JR77700013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI Application of Copper as Stabiliser in Aluminium Assisted Transfer of
Titanium in Submerged Arc Welding of Carbon Steel
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen potential; titanium; aluminium; copper; metal powder; submerged
arc welding
ID SLAG-METAL REACTIONS; CHEMISTRY; MN; TI
AB The element transfer of Ti from molten flux to the weld metal is limited to less
than 310 ppm Ti in the submerged arc welding of carbon steel. This limitation is
due to the high oxygen partial pressure prevailing at the molten flux-weld pool
interface. Our previous study illustrated that the use of Al powder in combination
with Ti powder improves the transfer of Ti to the weld metal to 4% Ti, whilst
maintaining 509 ppm O in the weld metal. The weld metal ppm O should be controlled
at 200 to 500 ppm O to maintain weld metal toughness. In this study, the addition
of Cu powder with Ti and Al powder is applied to illustrate the stabiliser effect
of Cu in the weld pool. The role of Cu as weld pool stabiliser is due to its
decrease of the temperature required to melt Ti into the weld pool, so increasing
the quantity of metal powder melted into the weld pool. The weld metal composition
improved to 5.1% Ti, 3.6% Cu, and 371 ppm O. Thus, the role of Al in controlling
the partial oxygen pressure at the molten flux-weld pool interface is maintained in
the presence of Cu powder.
C1 [Coetsee, Theresa; De Bruin, Frederik] Univ Pretoria, Dept Mat Sci & Met Engn,
ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa.
RP Coetsee, T (corresponding author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Mat Sci & Met Engn, ZA-
0002 Pretoria, South Africa.
EM theresa.coetsee@up.ac.za; jdb.1953@gmail.com
RI De Bruin, Frederik Johannes/IZE-6573-2023
OI De Bruin, Frederik Johannes/0000-0001-7102-7508; Coetsee,
Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755
FU National Research Foundation of South Africa [BRIC171211293679]
FX FundingThis research was funded in part by the National Research
Foundation of South Africa, grant number BRIC171211293679.
CR BAILEY N, 1991, WELD J, V70, pS187
Coetsee T, 2022, MIN PROC EXT MET REV, V43, P771, DOI
10.1080/08827508.2021.1945595
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Saikat Kumar D., 2016, Int. J. Metall. Eng, V5, P1, DOI
[10.5923/j.ijmee.20160501.01, DOI 10.5923/J.IJMEE.20160501.01]
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0136(02)00235-2
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NR 35
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 9
IS 10
AR 1763
DI 10.3390/pr9101763
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA WN5QB
UT WOS:000711820900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Samanta, NS
Banerjee, S
Mondal, P
Anweshan
Bora, U
Purkait, MK
AF Samanta, Niladri Shekhar
Banerjee, Sirsak
Mondal, Piyal
Anweshan
Bora, Utpal
Purkait, Mihir K.
TI Preparation and characterization of zeolite from waste Linz-Donawitz
(LD) process slag of steel industry for removal of Fe3+ from
drinking water
SO ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Zeolite; Fe3+ adsorption; LD slag; Langmuir isotherm; Multistage
diffusion
ID BASIC OXYGEN FURNACE; IRON REMOVAL; GROUNDWATER; ADSORPTION; MANGANESE;
FLUORIDE; EQUILIBRIUM; EXTRACTION; AMMONIUM; CATALYST
AB Cubical-shaped zeolite A was synthesized from the Linz-Donawitz (LD) process
slag of the Steel Industry, utilizing conventional fusion-assisted hydrothermal
treatment. Morphological and Physico-chemical characterizations were performed by
various characterization techniques. A weight ratio of 1:1.2 (LD-slag: NaOH) was
maintained during fusion, which provides a better binding effect with better
mechanical stability to the zeolite framework. Fe3+ adsorption studies were
performed at 273, 298, 303, and 308 K, respectively, within the range of 10-40 mg L
(1) Fe3+ ion concentration for kinetic and isotherm studies. A maximum adsorption
capacity of 27.55 mg g (1) was obtained at a 1.4 g L (1) adsorbent dosage, with
99.99% Fe3+ ion removal. Moreover, the Fe3+ adsorption study obeyed the pseudo-
second-order kinetic model, whereas multistage diffusion controlled the adsorption
process. Langmuir isotherm model best fitted the equilibrium data suggesting the
highly negative charge over the adsorbent surface played a vital role in the
electrostatic attraction of Fe3+ ions. Isomorphic replacement of silicon by
aluminum ion imparted a highly negative charge over the zeolite surface in the
primary structure unit. For real-life sample drinking water, the Fe3+ ion removal
efficiency increases to 97.7%. (C) 2021 The Society of Powder Technology Japan.
Published by Elsevier B.V. and The Society of Powder Technology Japan. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Samanta, Niladri Shekhar; Bora, Utpal; Purkait, Mihir K.] Indian Inst Technol
Guwahati, Ctr Environm, Gauhati 781039, Assam, India.
[Banerjee, Sirsak; Mondal, Piyal; Anweshan; Purkait, Mihir K.] Indian Inst
Technol Guwahati, Dept Chem Engn, Gauhati 781039, Assam, India.
C3 Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) - Guwahati; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT
System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Guwahati
RP Purkait, MK (corresponding author), Indian Inst Technol Guwahati, Dept Chem
Engn, Gauhati 781039, Assam, India.
EM mihir@iitg.ac.in
RI Bora, Utpal/E-3574-2010
OI Bora, Utpal/0000-0002-7403-0152; , Anweshan/0000-0002-4101-1721
FU DST (Department of Science and Technology) in New Delhi
[DST/TM/WTI/WIC/2K17/84 (G)]
FX This work is supported by a grant (DST/TM/WTI/WIC/2K17/84 (G)) from the
DST (Department of Science and Technology) in New Delhi. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of DST, New Delhi.
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NR 68
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-8831
EI 1568-5527
J9 ADV POWDER TECHNOL
JI Adv. Powder Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2021
VL 32
IS 9
BP 3372
EP 3387
DI 10.1016/j.apt.2021.07.023
EA AUG 2021
PG 16
SC Engineering
GA UJ1SW
UT WOS:000691075100005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Wen, GH
Liu, Q
Tang, P
Jiang, WB
Huang, SH
AF Wang, Zhe
Wen, Guanghua
Liu, Qiang
Tang, Ping
Jiang, Wenbo
Huang, Shuheng
TI A Comprehensive Investigation on the Microstructure and Thermal
Conductivity of CaO-Al2O3 Based Mold Slags:
Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations
LA English
DT Article
AB The microstructure and thermal conductivity of the CaO-Al2O3-based (CA-based)
mold slags are crucial for casting high aluminum steel. Herein, the microstructure
and thermal conductivity of the CA-based mold slags were systematically
investigated by using molecular dynamics (MD). Moreover, the effects of the
CaO/Al2O3 mole (C/A) ratio and CaO/SiO2 mole (C/S) ratio on the microstructure and
thermal conductivity of CA-based mold slags were studied. The results showed that
the Al-O structure plays a skeleton role in the CA-based mold slags. The thermal
conductivity of molten CA-based mold slags increases first and then decreases with
increasing C/A ratio. The thermal conductivity of molten CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-Na2O
(CASMN) slag is affected by the combination of short- and medium-range order
structures.
C1 [Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Liu, Qiang; Tang, Ping; Jiang, Wenbo] Chongqing Univ,
[Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Liu, Qiang; Tang, Ping; Jiang, Wenbo; Huang, Shuheng]
Chongqing Univ, State Key Lab Mech Transmiss, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; Chongqing University
EM wengh@cqu.edu.cn; shhuang@cqu.edu.cn
OI Wang, Zhe/0000-0003-0217-2909
[51574050]
FX This study was funded by the Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation
Foundation of Chongqing, China (Grant Number CYB19002), and the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 51574050).
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NR 58
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 8
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 3
BP 1574
EP 1581
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02124-7
EA MAR 2021
PG 8
Engineering
GA SA1OJ
UT WOS:000629199300002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, HL
Ma, BZ
Hong, S
Huang, H
Liu, FQ
Sohn, HY
AF Zhao, Hongliang
Ma, Baozhong
Hong, Shuang
Huang, Hao
Liu, Fengqin
Sohn, Hong Yong
TI Recovery of Copper and Cobalt from Converter Slags via
Reduction-Sulfurization Smelting Using Spent Pot Lining as the Reductant
SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE spent pot lining; converter slag; matte; copper; cobalt; recovery
AB Large amounts of solid wastes are produced in copper and aluminum smelting
processes, which not only cause losses of valuable resources but also threaten the
ecology and environment. In this study, a reduction-sulfurization smelting method
was used for recovering Cu and Co from converter slags by using spent pot lining
(SPL) as the reductant. CaO was added to fix the fluorine from SPL into the cleaned
slag. Thermodynamic analysis and experiments were performed to verify the
feasibility and determine the optimal conditions of this smelting process. The
optimum reductant addition of spent cathode carbon block (SCCB) and spent SiC side
block (SSCB) was 8-12 wt %, and the copper and cobalt recovery reached more than 98
and 96%, respectively. The addition of 10 wt % CaO for SCCB improved slag viscosity
and promoted the separation between slag and matte/alloy and fixed fluorine in the
cleaned slag in the form of insoluble calcium fluoride. The metallized Cu-Co matte
was obtained, in which Cu mainly existed in the form of sulfide and Co mainly
existed in the form of an iron cobalt alloy.
C1 [Zhao, Hongliang; Ma, Baozhong; Liu, Fengqin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State
Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Hongliang; Ma, Baozhong; Hong, Shuang; Huang, Hao; Liu, Fengqin] Univ Sci
& Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Hongliang; Sohn, Hong Yong] Univ Utah, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Salt Lake
City, UT 84112 USA.
Technology Beijing; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
RP Liu, FQ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Liu, FQ (corresponding author), Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM liufq@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51974018]; Guangxi
Innovation-Driven Development Project [AA18242042-1]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-TP-19-016A3]; China
Scholarship Council
China (51974018), the Guangxi InnovationDriven Development Project
(AA18242042-1), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (FRF-TP-19-016A3). The authors also thank the China
Scholarship Council for providing Chinese Government Scholarship to H.Z.
to study as a Visiting Scholar in H.Y.S.'s laboratory at the University
of Utah.
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NR 44
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 10
U2 71
PI WASHINGTON
SN 2168-0485
J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG
JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.
PD MAR 22
PY 2021
VL 9
IS 11
BP 4234
EP 4246
DI 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00444
EA MAR 2021
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Green & Sustainable Science & Technology;
Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering
GA RI2SF
UT WOS:000636758600029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wittkowski, A
Schirmer, T
Qiu, H
Goldmann, D
Fittschen, UEA
AF Wittkowski, Alena
Schirmer, Thomas
Qiu, Hao
Goldmann, Daniel
Fittschen, Ursula E. A.
TI Speciation of Manganese in a Synthetic Recycling Slag Relevant for
Lithium Recycling from Lithium-Ion Batteries
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE lithium; engineered artificial minerals (EnAM); X-ray absorption near
edge structure (XANES); powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD); electron probe
microanalysis (EPMA); melt experiments
ID HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; OXIDE
AB Lithium aluminum oxide has previously been identified to be a suitable compound
to recover lithium (Li) from Li-ion battery recycling slags. Its formation is
hampered in the presence of high concentrations of manganese (9 wt.% MnO2). In this
study, mock-up slags of the system Li2O-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-MnOx with up to 17 mol%
MnO2-content were prepared. The manganese (Mn)-bearing phases were characterized
with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray
diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and X-ray absorption near
edge structure analysis (XANES). The XRD results confirm the decrease of LiAlO2
phases from Mn-poor slags (7 mol% MnO2) to Mn-rich slags (17 mol% MnO2). The Mn-
rich grains are predominantly present as idiomorphic and relatively large (>50 mu
m) crystals. XRD, EPMA and XANES suggest that manganese is present in the form of a
spinel solid solution. The absence of light elements besides Li and O allowed to
estimate the Li content in the Mn-rich grain, and to determine a generic
stoichiometry of the spinel solid solution, i.e., (Li(2x)Mn(1-x)2+)(1+x)(Al(2-
z),Mn-z(3+))O-4. The coefficients x and z were determined at several locations of
the grain. It is shown that the aluminum concentration decreases, while the
manganese concentration increases from the start (x: 0.27; z: 0.54) to the end (x:
0.34; z: 1.55) of the crystallization.
C1 [Wittkowski, Alena; Fittschen, Ursula E. A.] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Inorgan &
Analyt Chem, Arnold Sommerfeld Str 4, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
[Schirmer, Thomas] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Disposal Res, Dept Mineral,
Geochem,Salt Deposits, Adolph Roemer Str 2A, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
[Qiu, Hao; Goldmann, Daniel] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Mineral & Waste Proc,
Dept Mineral & Waste Proc, Waste Disposal & Geomech, Walther Nernst Str 9, D-38678
Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
C3 TU Clausthal; TU Clausthal; TU Clausthal
RP Fittschen, UEA (corresponding author), Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Inorgan &
Analyt Chem, Arnold Sommerfeld Str 4, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
EM alena.wittkowski@tu-clausthal.de; thomas.schirmer@tu-clausthal.de;
hao.qiu@tu-clausthal.de; daniel.goldmann@tu-clausthal.de;
ursula.fittschen@tu-clausthal.de
RI Qiu, Hao/ABU-1105-2022; fittschen, ursula e a/Q-1049-2015
OI Qiu, Hao/0000-0002-7519-0916;
FU Clausthal University of Technology in the course of a joint research
project, "Engineering and Processing of Artificial Minerals for an
Advanced Circular Economy Approach for Finely Dispersed Critical
Elements" (EnAM)
FX This research was funded by the Clausthal University of Technology in
the course of a joint research project, "Engineering and Processing of
Artificial Minerals for an Advanced Circular Economy Approach for Finely
Dispersed Critical Elements" (EnAM).
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NR 27
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 14
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD FEB
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 2
AR 188
DI 10.3390/met11020188
PG 20
Engineering
GA QN9OS
UT WOS:000622779700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, CD
Hu, B
Wang, HG
Mingyu,
Wang, XW
AF Zhang, Changda
Hu, Bin
Wang, Huaguang
Wang, Mingyu
Wang, Xuewen
TI Recovery of valuable metals from copper slag
SO MINING METALLURGY & EXPLORATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Copper slag; Sulfation roasting; Sulfate decomposition roasting; Water
leaching
ID REDUCTION-MAGNETIC SEPARATION; CONVERTER SLAG; NICKEL; TEMPERATURE;
VALUES; COBALT
AB The copper smelting process produces plenty of copper slag every year, which is
a hazardous solid waste, but a secondary resource. In the present study, the
extraction of copper, nickel, and cobalt from copper slag was investigated through
the process of sulfation roasting-water leaching and the process of sulfation
roasting-sulfate decomposition roasting-water leaching respectively. Compared with
the process of sulfation roasting-water leaching, the process of sulfation
roasting-sulfate decomposition roasting-water leaching is a better choice, which
could not only get almost the same leaching of copper, nickel, and cobalt as the
former process, but has a lower leaching of iron and aluminum. For the process of
sulfation roasting-sulfate decomposition roasting-water leaching, the leaching of
Cu, Ni, and Co reached up to 74.2%, 71.1%, and 69.6% respectively, under the
optimal conditions including sulfation roasted with 80 wt% sulfuric acid addition
at 200 degrees C for 60 min and sulfate decomposition roasted at 650 degrees C for
60 min, followed by water leached at 90 degrees C for 30 min with a liquid-solid
ratio of 2 ml/g. The leaching of Fe and Al was only 4.9% and 17.6%.
C1 [Zhang, Changda; Hu, Bin; Wang, Mingyu; Wang, Xuewen] Cent South Univ, Sch Met &
Environm, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Huaguang] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI 49931
USA.
C3 Central South University; Michigan Technological University
RP Mingyu, (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha
EM wmydxx@163.com
RI wang, mingyu/E-5977-2016
OI wang, mingyu/0000-0001-8317-4708
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51974369]; Natural Science
Foundation of Hunan Province [2016JJ2142]
FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51974369) and the Natural Science Foundation of
Hunan Province (2016JJ2142).
CR Aleksandrov PV, 2019, MINER ENG, V134, P37, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.01.001
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Cui FH, 2018, SEP PURIF TECHNOL, V195, P149, DOI 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.071
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V11, P90
Khalid MK, 2019, J CLEAN PROD, V215, P1005, DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.083
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10.1080/10643389.2015.1046769
SUKLA LB, 1986, HYDROMETALLURGY, V16, P153, DOI 10.1016/0304-386X(86)90040-X
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NR 21
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 56
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 2524-3462
EI 2524-3470
J9 MINING METALL EXPLOR
JI Mining Metall. Explor.
PD AUG
PY 2020
VL 37
IS 4
BP 1241
EP 1251
DI 10.1007/s42461-020-00224-7
EA MAY 2020
PG 11
GA MH4TK
UT WOS:000530237000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cao, X
Kong, LX
Bai, J
Zhao, HL
Ge, ZF
Li, HZ
Bai, ZQ
Li, W
AF Cao, Xi
Kong, Lingxue
Bai, Jin
Zhao, Huiling
Ge, Zefeng
Li, Huaizhu
Bai, Zongqing
Li, Wen
TI Effect of water vapor on viscosity behavior of coal slags with high
silicon-aluminum level under gasification condition
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal gasification; Slagging gasifiers; Viscosity behavior; Coal slag
with high silicon-aluminum level; Water vapor
ID DISSOLUTION MECHANISMS; RHYOLITIC MELTS; PHASE-FORMATION; ASH SLAGS;
FLOW; TEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY; H2O; MODEL; IRON
AB For the slagging gasifiers, the slag viscosity behavior is a critical parameter
for the smooth slag tapping and long term operation. Water vapor is an important
component of the syngas in the gasifier, especially for coal water slurry
gasification. This paper presents the results of a study to investigate the effect
of water vapor on viscosity behavior of coal slags with high silicon-aluminum
level. The viscosities of three synthetic coal slags with different Si/Al ratios
(mass ratio of SiO2 and Al2O3) was measured in argon with 10%, 20% and 30% water
vapor as a function of temperature. As the water vapor proportion increased, the
viscosity of the slag with high silicon-aluminum level at same temperature
increased slightly. Besides, the slag with Si/Al of 2.0 transformed from a glassy
slag to a crystalline one when the water vapor proportion was increase up to 30%.
The oxidation state of iron of the slags was not affected by the increase in water
vapor proportion under Ar with water vapor condition. Analysis of the slag
structure demonstrated that water vapor entering the slag was benefit to the
formation of Si-O-Si bridges and [AlO4](5-) structure. Meanwhile, activation energy
for viscous flow (E-eta) increased with the increasing water vapor proportion.
Water vapor also promotes crystallization and growth of crystals of the slag with
high silicon-aluminum level during cooling, leading to the increase in the
temperature of critical viscosity (T-cv).
C1 [Cao, Xi; Kong, Lingxue; Bai, Jin; Zhao, Huiling; Ge, Zefeng; Li, Huaizhu; Bai,
Zongqing; Li, Wen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State Key Lab Coal Convers,
Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
[Cao, Xi; Ge, Zefeng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS; Chinese
Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
RP Bai, J (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, State Key Lab
Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
EM stone@sxicc.ac.cn
OI Bai, Jin/0000-0002-8623-1656
FU National Key R&D program of China [2017YFB0602603]; Joint Foundation of
Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanxi Province [U1510201];
NSFC-DFG [21761132032]; Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation
of China and Xinjiang [U1703252]; Youth Innovation Promotion
Association, CAS; International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy
of Sciences [122214KYSB20170020]
FX This work was supported by the National Key R&D program of China [grant
number 2017YFB0602603], Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation
of China and Shanxi Province [grant number U1510201], NSFC-DFG [grant
number 21761132032], Joint Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of
China and Xinjiang [grant number U1703252], Youth Innovation Promotion
Association, CAS, International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy
of Sciences [grant number 122214KYSB20170020].
CR Bell DA, 2011, COAL GASIFICATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS, P73, DOI 10.1016/B978-0-
8155-2049-8.10004-X
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NR 43
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 80
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JAN 15
PY 2020
VL 260
AR 116351
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116351
PG 9
GA JG2DB
UT WOS:000491885400025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, W
Chen, WQ
Yang, YD
McLean, A
AF Yan, Wei
Chen, Weiqing
Yang, Yindong
McLean, Alexander
TI Viscous characteristics and modelling of
CaO-Al2O3-based mould flux with
B2O3 as a substitute for CaF2
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3-based mould flux; fluoride-free; low-fluoride; viscosity;
modelling
ID VISCOSITY; CRYSTALLIZATION; CAO-SIO2; SLAG
AB Following a series of laboratory studies on the development of fluoride-free or
low-fluoride CaO-Al2O3-based mould flux for continuous casting of high-aluminium
steel, the viscosity properties of CaO-Al2O3-based mould flux with B2O3 as a
substitute for CaF2 were investigated using the rotating cylinder method. It was
found that B2O3 behaved in a similar manner to CaF2 in changing the viscosity of
the flux system. From calculations of the viscous activation energies, it was found
that similar changes in the concentrations of CaF2 and B2O3 resulted in almost the
same changes in activation energy. A viscosity prediction model was developed using
the optical basicity concept as an indicator of melt behaviour. Predicted viscosity
values showed good agreement with measurements reported in the literature.
C1 [Yan, Wei; Chen, Weiqing] Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Yang, Yindong; McLean, Alexander] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto,
ON, Canada.
RP Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv Met,
FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M600920]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-TP-16-020A1];
Independent R&D Funds of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy
[41616008]
FX This work was financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (2016M600920), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (FRF-TP-16-020A1) and the Independent R&D Funds of State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy (41616008).
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.015
Lee IR, 1993, P C CONT CAST STEEL
Muller J, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P2639, DOI 10.1007/s11663-015-0426-7
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Seetharaman S, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P111
3093(81)90039-9
8620.2013.01.013, DOI 10.3969/J.ISSN.1003-8620.2013.01.013]
NR 23
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 22
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD APR 21
PY 2019
VL 46
IS 4
BP 347
EP 352
DI 10.1080/03019233.2017.1394033
PG 6
GA HT5LJ
UT WOS:000464604900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, YX
Leng, M
Chen, YF
Chen, ZC
Li, JL
AF Gao, Yuxiang
Leng, Mei
Chen, Yangfan
Chen, Zhichao
Li, Jiangling
TI Crystallization Products and Structural Characterization of
CaO-SiO2-Based Mold Fluxes with Varying
Al2O3/SiO2 Ratios
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE crystallization products; structure; Al2O3; SiO2 ratio; mold flux
ID RAMAN-SPECTRA; SYSTEM; VISCOSITY; TITANIUM; STEEL; SLAGS; CAF2
AB During the casting of high aluminum steel, the dramatic increase in the
Al2O3/SiO2 ratio is inevitable, resulting in significant changes of the
crystallization behavior, which would result in heat transfer and lubrication
problems. Crystallization products and structure characterization of glassy CaO-
SiO2-based mold fluxes with different Al2O3/SiO2 ratios were experimentally
investigated using a differential scanning calorimetry technique and Raman
spectroscopy. With increasing Al2O3/SiO2 ratios, the following results were
obtained. The crystallization temperature and the crystallization products are
changed. With increasing Al2O3/SiO2 ratios from 0.088 to 0.151, the crystallization
temperature first increases greatly from 1152 degrees C to 1354 degrees C, and then
moderately increases. The crystallization ability of the mold flux is strengthened.
The species of the precipitated crystalline phase change from two kinds, i.e.,
Ca4Si2O7F2 and Ca2SiO4, to four kinds, i.e., Ca4Si2O7F2, Ca2SiO4,
2CaOAl(2)O(3)SiO(2) and Ca12Al14O32F2, the crystallization ability of Ca4Si2O7F2 is
gradually attenuated, but other species show the opposite trend. The results of
Raman spectroscopy indicate that Al3+ mainly acts as a network former by the
information of [AlO4]-tetrahedral structural units, which can connect with [SiO4]-
tetrahedral by the formation of new bridge oxygen of Al-O-Si linkage, but there is
no formation of Al-O-Al linkage. The linkage of Al-O-Si increases and that of Si-O-
Si decreases. The polymerization degree of the network and the average number of
bridging oxygens decrease. Further, the relatively strong Si-O-Si linkage gradually
decreases and the relatively weak Al-O-Si gradually increases. The change of the
crystalline phase was interpreted from the phase diagram and structure.
C1 [Gao, Yuxiang; Leng, Mei; Chen, Yangfan; Chen, Zhichao; Li, Jiangling] Chongqing
Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Yuxiang; Leng, Mei; Chen, Yangfan; Chen, Zhichao; Li, Jiangling] Chongqing
Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples
R China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University
RP Li, JL (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
400044, Peoples R China.; Li, JL (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Chongqing
Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM 20162805@cqu.edu.cn; 201809021083@cqu.edu.cn; 20162806@cqu.edu.cn;
20162749@cqu.edu.cn; lijiangling@cqu.edu.cn
OI Chen, Zhichao/0000-0001-9666-4183
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51704050]; China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation [2017M612905]; Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities [2018CDXYCL0018]; National Training Program of
Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates [201810611046]
FX This research was funded by [Natural Science Foundation of China] grant
number [51704050], [China Postdoctoral Science Foundation] grant number
[2017M612905], [Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities]
grand number [2018CDXYCL0018] and [National Training Program of
Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates] grand number
[201810611046].
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NR 26
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 10
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JAN 2
PY 2019
VL 12
IS 2
AR 206
DI 10.3390/ma12020206
PG 12
Physics
GA HM8GY
UT WOS:000459719000010
OA gold, Green Submitted, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Heo, JH
Park, JH
AF Heo, Jung Ho
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Thermochemical analysis for the reduction behavior of FeO in EAF slag
via Aluminothermic Smelting Reduction (ASR) process: Part II.
Effect of aluminum dross and lime fluxing on Fe and Mn recovery
LA English
DT Article
DE Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag; Aluminothermic smelting reduction
(ASR); Al dross; Iron recovery; Lime fluxing; Apparent viscosity;
Thermochemical computation
ID WASTE; SEPARATION; REUSE
AB We investigated Fe recovery from EAF slag by means of aluminothermic smelting
reduction (ASR) at 1773 K with Al dross as the reductant, especially the effect of
the added amount of the fluxing agent CaO on the Fe recovery. The maximum reaction
temperature calculated using FactSage (TM) 7.0 decreased with increasing CaO
addition, but the experimentally measured maximum temperatures increased with
increasing CaO addition. We calculated the amounts of various phases before and
after Al dross addition under different conditions of added CaO. FeO and Al2O3
contents in molten slag sharply varied within the first 5 min of the reaction,
stabilizing soon thereafter. The aluminothermic reduction of FeO appeared to
proceed rapidly and in good stoichiometric balance, based upon the mass balance
between the consumption of FeO and MnO (Delta FeO and MnO)A and the production of
Al2O3 (Al2O3).A Iron recovery from EAF slag was maximized at about 90% when 40 g of
CaO was added to 100 g slag. Furthermore, Mn could also be reduced from the EAF
slags by the metallic Al in the Al dross reductant. The solid compounds of spinel
(MgO center dot Al2O3) and MgO were precipitated from the slag during the FeO
reduction reaction, as confirmed by means of XRD analysis and thermochemical
computations. To maximize Fe recovery from EAF slag, it is crucial to control the
slag composition, namely to ensure high fluidity by suppressing the formation of
solid compounds.
C1 [Heo, Jung Ho; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 426791, South
Korea.
South Korea.
OI Heo, Jungho/0000-0001-6674-7279
CR Das BR, 2007, MINER ENG, V20, P252, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2006.09.002
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3538(99)00034-2
5
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TURKDOGAN ET, 1980, J CLEAN PROD
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 23
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 58
BP 229
EP 238
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2017.02.004
PG 10
Engineering
GA FH0ZN
UT WOS:000410869300021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Murthy, IN
Babu, NA
Rao, JB
AF Murthy, I. Narasimha
Babu, N. Arun
Rao, J. Babu
BE Ghosh, SK
TI High Carbon Ferro Chrome Slag - Alternative Mould Material for Foundry
Industry
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR RESOURCE UTILISATION
SE Procedia Environmental Sciences
LA English
CT 5th International Conference on Solid Waste Management (IconSWM)
CY NOV 25-27, 2015
CL Bengaluru, INDIA
DE Silica sand; Fe-Cr slag; CO2 process; Mould properties; AA2024 Castings
AB High silica sand is commonly used in foundry industry for sand moulds making.
Various efforts are being made to use the industrial wastes as an alternate molding
material in foundry to conserve the natural resources; and effective utilization of
the industrial waste to sustain the industrialization. Ferro chrome (Fe-Cr) slag
has many of the same attributes of the sand. In this paper investigations were
carried out on comparative mould and casting properties of high silica sand and Fe-
Cr slag for foundry applications. A series of sand tests were carried out on silica
sand, Fe-Cr slag individually and various combinations of these two. The process
parameters considered for this investigation were % of Sodium silicate, CO2 gassing
time, and mould setting time. Two types of moulds were made with 100% Fe-Cr Slag
and 100% Silica Sand individually with 8% Sodium Silicate and 15Seconds CO2 gassing
time. AA2024 Aluminium alloy cylindrical castings were made through these two
moulds; castings were investigated for its microstructure and hardness studies.
Results reveal that standard samples with Fe-Cr slag can be prepared; these shows
smooth surface finish and accurate dimensions on par with the sand samples. The
mould permeability, compression and shear strength results showed Fe-Cr Slag will
be a suitable candidate for either partial or full replacement of molding sand.
Enhanced mould properties were observed for Fe-Cr slag than silica sand. Good
surface finish castings with enhanced mechanical properties and fine grain
microstructures were produced by Fe-Cr slag moulds. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published
by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
C1 [Murthy, I. Narasimha; Rao, J. Babu] Andhra Univ, Dept Met Engn, Visakhapatnam,
Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Babu, N. Arun] Khammam Inst Technol & Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Khammam, India.
C3 Andhra University
RP Rao, JB (corresponding author), Andhra Univ, Dept Met Engn, Visakhapatnam,
EM baburaojinugu@yahoo.com
CR Ahmed S., 1990, AFS T, V98, P577
Fan ZT, 2004, INT J CAST METAL RES, V17, P51, DOI 10.1179/136404604225020551
Jain P.L., 2013, PRINCIPLES FOUNDRY T
Jamgekar R.S., 2013, INT J ENG SCI, V2, P16
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NR 13
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1878-0296
J9 PROCEDIA ENVIRON SCI
PY 2016
VL 35
BP 597
EP 609
DI 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.046
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental
SC Engineering
GA BG2EZ
UT WOS:000387295000062
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, C
Wang, J
Shu, D
Li, P
Xue, J
Sun, BD
AF Chen, Chong
Wang, Jun
Shu, Da
Li, Pan
Xue, Jing
Sun, Baode
TI A Novel Method to Remove Iron Impurity from Aluminum
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; electroslag refining; iron; purification; phase diagram
calculation
ID ALLOYS; INTERMETALLICS; TITANIUM; MN
AB A novel method for iron removal from aluminum by electroslag refining using KCl-
NaCl-Na3AlF6 flux containing P was studied. After electroslag relining, the Fe
content in commercial purity aluminum decreased from 0.48% to 0.30 mass%, and the
mechanical properties of commercial purity aluminum were improved, especially in
tensile elongation increased by 33%. XRD and TEM analysis of the sludge indicated
that the reaction between the melt and the molten slag to form Fe2P in the
electroslag refining process was the main reason for iron reduction. The
thermodynamic phase diagram calculation for Al-Fe-P system accounts for the
formation of Fe2P theoretically in the electroslag refining process.
[doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2011108]
C1 [Chen, Chong; Wang, Jun; Shu, Da; Li, Pan; Xue, Jing; Sun, Baode] Shanghai Jiao
Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanghai Jiao Tong University
RP Wang, J (corresponding author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM chenchongsjtu@sjtu.edu.cn; junwang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Shu, Da/I-4546-2016
OI Shu, Da/0000-0003-2563-2998
FX This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 50825401 and 50821003). The authors are
grateful to the researchers in the Instrumental Analysis Center of
Shanghai Jiao Tong University for their help.
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396X(200201)189:1<149::AID-PSSA149>3.0.CO;2-E
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10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.022
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NR 18
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 32
PU JAPAN INST METALS
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 8
SI SI
BP 1629
EP 1633
PG 5
Engineering
GA 831EO
UT WOS:000295711700021
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GH
Chou, KC
AF Zhang Guo-hua
Chou Kuo-chih
TI Diffusion Coefficient of Calcium Ion in
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Melts
LA English
DT Article
DE Nernst-Einstein equation; diffusion coefficient; electrical
conductivity; Arrhenius law
ID TRACER DIFFUSIVITY; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; CAO-SIO2 MELTS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SELF-DIFFUSION; SLAGS; 1600-DEGREES-C
AB The Nernst-Einstein equation is used to calculate the diffusion coefficient of
calcium ion in the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system based on the data Cif the density and
electrical conductivity. It is assumed that all the aluminium ions form tetrahedral
structure and merge with chain or ring in the case of molar concentration of CaO
higher than Al2O3. And in this. case, calcium ion is assumed to be the conclusive
charge carrier. A formula between the diffusion coefficient and concentration of
calcium ion as well as temperature is deduced, which gives an increasing function
relation between the diffusion coefficient and the concentration of calcium ions.
C1 [Zhang Guo-hua; Chou Kuo-chih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Met & Ecol Engn Sch,
[Chou Kuo-chih] Shanghai Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R
China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Shanghai University
RP Zhang, GH (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Met & Ecol Engn
Sch, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM zgh920@126.com
RI Zhang, He/GXN-0028-2022; Zhang, Guo-Hua/AAM-7264-2021
FX Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(50774004)
CR Barati M, 2006, METALL MATER TRANS B, V37, P51, DOI 10.1007/s11663-006-0085-9
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NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 18
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD MAR
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 3
BP 13
EP 16
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(11)60030-7
PG 4
GA 774VQ
UT WOS:000291415300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Changizi, A
Kalkanli, A
Sevinc, N
AF Changizi, Ahmad
Kalkanli, Ali
Sevinc, Naci
TI Production of in situ aluminum-titanium diboride master alloy formed by
slag-metal reaction
LA English
DT Article
DE Master alloy; TiB(2); Grain refinement; In situ; Slag-metal reaction
ID AL; COMPOSITES; MELTS
AB Al-TiB(2) master alloys have received much attention in recent years owing to
their potential as efficient grain refiners for aluminum foundry alloys. In this
study, the process of production of master alloys was investigated to develop a low
cost method, namely, slag-metal reaction. This method can be used to fabricate Al-
TiB2 master alloy in situ from the TiO(2)-H(3)BO(3)-Na(3)AlF(6) and Al system.
Since the price of the raw materials is low and the technology is simple, the
processing technique appears to reduce the cost of the master alloy. Because of
exothermic reactions, not much energy is needed to melt materials. In this process,
Titanium diboride particles were formed in situ through the reactions of TiO(2),
H(3)BO(3) and Na(3)AlF(6). Results showed that when the aluminum melted, the
condensed TiB(2) particles that formed in situ were spherical with an average
diameter of 1 mu m. Furthermore, these TiB(2) particles were distributed uniformly
through the master alloy. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Changizi, Ahmad; Kalkanli, Ali; Sevinc, Naci] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Met &
Mat Engn, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
C3 Middle East Technical University
RP Changizi, A (corresponding author), Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-
06531 Ankara, Turkey.
EM ah_chang@alumni.concordia.ca
RI kalkanli, ali/AAO-5759-2021
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NR 16
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD JAN 12
PY 2011
VL 509
IS 2
BP 237
EP 240
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.08.089
PG 4
GA 690AL
UT WOS:000284972200012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dashevskii, VY
Makarova, NN
Grigorovitch, KV
Kanevskii, AG
Kashin, VI
AF Dashevskii, VY
Makarova, NN
Grigorovitch, KV
Kanevskii, AG
Kashin, VI
TI Deoxidation equilibrium of aluminum and silicon in the liquid
iron-nickel alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE deoxidation equilibrium; aluminum; silicon; iron-nickel melts;
thermodynamic analysis; experimental study
ID OXYGEN
AB Thermodynamic analysis and experiments showed the deoxidation ability of
aluminum in the iron-nickel melts to be lower than that in pure iron and nickel.
With an increase in the nickel content, the deoxidation ability of aluminum
decreases to about 50% Ni and then it rises. In pure nickel, the deoxidation
ability of aluminum is almost equal to that in pure iron. On one hand, this can be
explained by an increase in the bond strength of aluminum with this melt when the
nickel content rises (gamma(Al(Fe))degrees = 0.049, gamma(Al(Ni))degrees = 0.00022)
and, on the other hand, by a decrease in that of oxygen (gamma(O(Fe))degrees =
0.0105, gamma O(Ni)degrees = 0.357). Curves of the oxygen solubility pass through
the minimum whose location is independent of the nickel content in melt. The
minimum oxygen concentrations are reached at similar to 0.2% Al; the further
additions of aluminum result in a rise in the oxygen concentration. Experimental
and calculated results are in good agreement.
Complex deoxidation of Fe-40% Ni with aluminum and silicon has been
experimentally studied. The formation of solutions and chemical compounds between
oxides of these elements promotes the participation of silicon in the deoxidation.
The lower oxygen concentrations are reached after the combined deoxidation in
comparison with the aluminum deoxidation. However, when the aluminum content rises
in the melt at the same silicon concentration, this difference decreases; at a
certain aluminum concentration, its deoxidation power becomes equal to that of
complex action of aluminum and silicon. This occurs due to an increase in the
content of aluminum oxide in slag. When the slag is saturated with aluminum oxide
(a(Al2O3) = 1), silicon does not take part in the deoxidation.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Science (IMET RAS)
RP Dashevskii, VY (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Baikov Inst Met & Mat
Sci, Leninskii Prosp 49, Moscow 119991, Russia.
RI Dashevskii, Veniamin/J-9400-2013; Grigorovich, Konstantin V/A-6636-2016;
Kanevskii, Akim G./ABA-7028-2021
OI Dashevskii, Veniamin/0000-0002-0379-5094; Kanevskii, Akim
G./0000-0002-9280-9442; Grigorovich, Konstantin/0000-0002-5669-4262
CR CHIANG T, 1976, METALL TRANS B, V7, P453, DOI 10.1007/BF02652717
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NR 12
TC 14
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 8
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 1
BP 8
EP 11
PG 4
GA 919HP
UT WOS:000228609300002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU BRAITHWAITE, RSW
KAMPF, AR
PRITCHARD, RG
LAMB, RPH
AF BRAITHWAITE, RSW
KAMPF, AR
PRITCHARD, RG
LAMB, RPH
TI THE OCCURRENCE OF THIOSULFATES AND OTHER UNSTABLE SULFUR SPECIES AS
NATURAL WEATHERING PRODUCTS OF OLD SMELTING SLAGS
SO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Orthorhombic barium thiosulfate monohydrate, triclinic barium thiosulfate
fluoride, triclinic barium sulfite and monoclinic hydrated barium aluminium
trisulfide hydroxide have been isolated and identified as natural weathering
products in old smelting mill slags. None of them have been found in nature before,
but two of them are known as laboratory products. They represent a stepwise
sequence in sulfur oxidation numbers and are potential intermediates in the
familiar but little-understood oxidation of sulfides to sulfates and thus throw
light on the mechanism of the natural oxidation of sulfide ores. The nature of
these phases and co-existing species suggests formation between about Eh - 0.45 v
at pH 11 and Eh - 0.6 v at pH 13.
C1 PARKLANDS,NORTHALLERTON DL7 0QT,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
NAT HIST MUSEUM LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90007.
RP BRAITHWAITE, RSW (corresponding author), UNIV MANCHESTER,INST SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT
CHEM,MANCHESTER M60 1QD,LANCS,ENGLAND.
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NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0930-0708
J9 MINER PETROL
JI Mineral. Petrol.
PY 1993
VL 47
IS 2-4
BP 255
EP 261
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA KV441
UT WOS:A1993KV44100009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kiatpachai, P
Kaewkamrop, T
Mesgarpour, M
Ahn, HS
Dalkiliç, AS
Mahian, O
Wongwises, S
AF Kiatpachai, Parinya
Kaewkamrop, Thawatchai
Mesgarpour, Mehrdad
Ahn, Ho Seon
Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim
Mahian, Omid
Wongwises, Somchai
TI Air-side performance of embedded and welded spiral fin and tube heat
exchangers
SO CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Heat transfer; Energy; Finned tube; Heat exchanger; Spiral fin-and-tube
heat exchangers
ID PITCHES
AB This paper presents the air-side performance (ASP) of embedded and welded spiral
fin and tube heat exchangers (SFTHXs). Six heat exchangers were tested to
investigate the effects of fin-base connections and fin pitch. Test sections were
fabricated from steel tubes, with two rows of tubing and a Z-shaped water flow
arrangement, and an aluminum fin with various fin pitches. The experiment was done
at a high Reynolds number of air flow (4000-18000). The results show that fin pitch
had no effect on the ASP of embedded SFTHXs. In contrast, fin pitch influenced the
ASP of the welded SFTHX. Moreover, the pressure drop decreased with increasing fin
pitch, whereas the friction factor was lower for a smaller fin pitch. Due to better
fin base connections, an embedded spiral fin generally provided a higher heat
transfer rate than a welded spiral fin did. The pressure drop of the welded spiral
fin was greater than that of the embedded spiral fin, possibly because the welded
spiral fin had melted slag at the fin base.
C1 [Kiatpachai, Parinya] Chulachomklao Royal Mil Acad, Acad Div, Dept Mech Engn,
Nakhon 26001, Nayok, Thailand.
[Kiatpachai, Parinya; Kaewkamrop, Thawatchai; Mesgarpour, Mehrdad; Wongwises,
Somchai] King Mongkuts Univ Technol Thonburi KMUTT, Dept Mech Engn, Fluid Mech
Thermal Engn & Multiphase Flow Res Lab, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
[Ahn, Ho Seon] Incheon Natl Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Incheon, South Korea.
[Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim] Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Mahian, Omid] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Xian, Peoples R
China.
[Mahian, Omid] Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad, Ctr Nanotechnol Renewable Energies, Dept
Mech Engn, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran.
[Wongwises, Somchai] Natl Sci & Technol Dev Agcy NSTDA, Pathum Thani 12120,
Thailand.
C3 King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi; Incheon National
University; Yildiz Technical University; Xi'an Jiaotong University;
Ferdowsi University Mashhad; National Science & Technology Development
Agency - Thailand
RP Wongwises, S (corresponding author), King Mongkuts Univ Technol Thonburi KMUTT,
Dept Mech Engn, Fluid Mech Thermal Engn & Multiphase Flow Res Lab, Bangkok 10140,
Thailand.
EM somchai.won@kmutt.ac.th
RI Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim/AHD-6377-2022; Dalkılıç, Ahmet Selim/G-2274-2011
OI Dalkilic, Ahmet Selim/0000-0002-5743-3937; Dalkılıç, Ahmet
Selim/0000-0002-5743-3937; Ahn, Ho Seon/0000-0002-1036-3038
FU "Research Chair Grant" National Science and Technology Development
Agency (NSTDA), Thailand; Thailand Science Research and Innovation
(TSRI), Thailand under Fundamental Fund 2022 (Project: Advanced
Materials and Manufacturing for Applications in New S-curve Industries)
FX The work was supported by the "Research Chair Grant" National Science
and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand and the Thailand
Science Research and Innovation (TSRI), Thailand under Fundamental Fund
2022 (Project: Advanced Materials and Manufacturing for Applications in
New S-curve Industries).
CR ANSI, 2000, 332000 ANSI ASHRAE
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NR 23
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-157X
J9 CASE STUD THERM ENG
JI Case Stud. Therm. Eng.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 30
AR 101721
DI 10.1016/j.csite.2021.101721
EA JAN 2022
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics
SC Thermodynamics
GA 0X8BD
UT WOS:000789924100005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI Reactions at the molten flux-weld pool interface in submerged arc
welding
SO HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen; chromium; aluminium; powder; flux
ID SLAG-METAL REACTIONS; EQUILIBRIUM; CHEMISTRY; TI
AB In submerged arc welding (SAW) of chromium (Cr) containing steels, Cr is usually
added to the weld metal from the weld wire, and not from the welding flux.
Manufacturing of weld wires of specific compositions is expensive and time
consuming and cannot closely match all the desired alloy compositions. Therefore,
the weld wire chemistry is usually over matched to the base plate composition.
Better matching between the weld metal and base plate is possible if the weld metal
incorporates Cr from Cr containing metal powder, instead of sourcing Cr from weld
wire of limited Cr content. Because Cr is easily oxidised, the oxygen partial
pressure in SAW must be controlled. This work illustrates the control of the oxygen
potential at the molten flux-weld pool interface by using aluminium (Al) powder
addition. The controlled oxygen potential at the molten flux-weld pool interface
ensures increased Cr powder transfer into the weld pool, without interfering with
oxygen transfer from the plasma arc to the weld pool. The objective of this work is
to use targeted powder additions to better control Cr reactions in SAW to improve
Cr metal transfer to the weld metal and maintain an acceptable level of oxygen in
the weld metal.
Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755
FU National Research Foundation of South Africa [BRICS171211293679]
FX This work is funded in part by the National Research Foundation of South
Africa (BRICS171211293679).
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NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
J9 HIGH TEMP MAT PR-ISR
JI High Temp. Mater. Process.
PD DEC 31
PY 2021
VL 40
IS 1
BP 421
EP 427
DI 10.1515/htmp-2021-0051
PG 7
GA YC3JN
UT WOS:000739591400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jeong, TS
Park, JH
AF Jeong, Tae Su
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Effect of Fluorspar and Industrial Wastes (Red Mud and Ferromanganese
Slag) on Desulfurization Efficiency of Molten Steel
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCIUM SILICATE MELTS; HOT METAL; SULFIDE CAPACITY; THERMOCHEMICAL
ANALYSIS; REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; EAF SLAG; CAF2; KINETICS; ALUMINUM; FEO
AB Fluorspar (CaF2) has been widely used to control the physicochemical properties
of slag in steelmaking processes. However, it is very important to reduce the
CaF(2)consumption because it causes various environmental problems. In the current
study, therefore, the effect of industrial waste materials such as red mud (RM) and
ferromanganese slag (FMS) on the desulfurization behavior of molten steel was
investigated to find potential substitutes for fluorspar. Compared to conventional
10 pct CaF2-containing ladle slag, when excess industrial wastes were added (i.e.,
more than 10 mass pct), the composition of the slag was dramatically changed
(SiO(2)increases, while FetO and MnO decrease). Therefore, the sulfide capacity of
the slag decreased, and the viscosity of the slag increased. Thus, the
desulfurization efficiency was also reduced. However, when the RM or FMS were added
not more than 10 mass pct to lean-CaF2(3 pct) slag, the sulfide capacity of the
slag was equivalent to 10 pct CaF2-containing ladle slag; thus, the desulfurization
efficiency was also equivalent with lower melting point and higher fraction of
liquid phase. Consequently, it was confirmed that a small amount (less than 10 mass
pct) of industrial wastes can be added as a desulfurization fluxing agent as a
partial substitute for fluorspar.
C1 [Jeong, Tae Su; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
Sweden.
C3 Hanyang University; Royal Institute of Technology
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
FU Industrial Strategic Technology Development program - Ministry of Trade,
Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea [10063056]; Competency Development
Program for Industry Specialists of the MOTIE, Korea [P0002019]; Korea
Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10063056] Funding
Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI),
National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
FX This work was partly supported by the Industrial Strategic Technology
Development program (Grant Number 10063056) funded by the Ministry of
Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea. In addition, this research was
partly funded by the Competency Development Program for Industry
Specialists (Grant Number P0002019) of the MOTIE, Korea.
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NR 57
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 5
BP 2309
EP 2320
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01889-7
EA JUN 2020
PG 12
Engineering
GA NP5NW
UT WOS:000542512900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Zhang, R
Zhao, X
Min, Y
Liu, CJ
AF Wang, Yu
Zhang, Rui
Zhao, Xuan
Min, Yi
Liu, Chengjun
TI Structural Transformation of Molten
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-FexO
Slags during Secondary Refining of Steels
LA English
DT Article
DE secondary steelmaking; refining slag; melt structure; Raman spectroscopy
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; CALCIUM-ALUMINATE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; VISCOSITY
PROPERTY; ANIONIC STRUCTURE; MELTS; GLASSES; TEMPERATURE; AL2O3;
SPECTROSCOPY
AB According to the variation of compositions during steel secondary refining
process, the ice-quenched samples of CaO-SiO2-FexO-Al2O3 system were prepared, the
structure were detected via the method of Raman spectroscopy, and the evolution of
structural units were further analyzed. The results showed that, for the Fe3+
cation, two types of units of tetrahedral fourfold coordination ([FeO4]) and
octahedral sixfold coordination ([FeO6]) coexisted in the molten slag, and the
ratio of [FeO6]/[FeO4] increases with the decreasing ratio of CaO/(SiO2+Al2O3). For
the Al3+ cations, four types of aluminum units of Q(Al)(2), Q(Al)(3), Q(Al)(4)
coexisted in the molten slag and the lower polymerized units Q(Al)(2) transform
into the higher polymerized Q(Al)(3) and Q(Al)(4) along with the ratio of
Al/(Al+Si) increasing from 0.41 to 0.85. For the Si4+ cations, Q(Si)(0), Q(Si)(1)
and Q(Si)(2) are the main types of [SiO4]-tetrahedral units, the Ca2+ cations of
oxygen coordination in [SiO4]-tetrahedral units are gradually replaced by Al3+,
which just act as network modifier, with the increase of Al/(Si+Al) ratio.
Accordingly, the degree of polymerization of molten slag presented in NBO/T
increases with the process of secondary steelmaking.
C1 [Wang, Yu; Zhang, Rui; Zhao, Xuan; Min, Yi; Liu, Chengjun] Minist Educ, Key Lab
Ecol Met Multimetall Ores, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Yu; Zhang, Rui; Zhao, Xuan; Min, Yi; Liu, Chengjun] Northeastern Univ,
Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Min, Y (corresponding author), Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall Ores,
Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Min, Y (corresponding author), Northeastern
Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM miny@mail.neu.edu.cn
RI liu, xinyu/IWD-6630-2023
FU National key R&D Program of China [2017YFC0805100]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51674069, 51974075]; Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities of China [182506001]
FX This work was supported by the National key R&D Program of China (Grant
No. 2017YFC0805100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 51674069, 51974075) and the Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities of China (Grant No. 182506001).
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NR 35
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 11
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2020
VL 60
IS 2
BP 220
EP 225
PG 6
GA KN9ZV
UT WOS:000515206700004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, DW
Paktunc, D
AF Yu, Dawei
Paktunc, Dogan
TI Carbothermic reduction of chromite fluxed with aluminum spent potlining
LA English
DT Article
DE chromite; carbothermic reduction; ferrochrome; aluminum spent potlining
ID KINETICS; SPL
AB Aluminum spent potlining (SPL) was employed as both the fluxing agent and a
source of carbonaceous reductant for the carbothermic reduction of chromite, aiming
to allow effective separation of alloy from the slag component. The experimental
results show that the carbonaceous component of the SPL is more reactive towards
chromite reduction compared to graphite. The formation of refractory spinel
(MgAl2O4) on chromite particles hinders further reduction and alloy growth. The
slag-making components of the SPL (e.g. nepheline and NaF) form molten slags at low
temperatures (similar to 1300 degrees C) and partly dissolve the refractory spinel
as well as the chromite. Destruction of the spinel layer with enhanced mass
transfer greatly improves the alloy growth, which can be further promoted by
reduction at a higher temperature (e.g. 1500 degrees C). Ferrochrome alloy
particles grow large enough at 1500 degrees C in the presence of SPL, allowing
effective separation from the slag component using elutriation separation.
C1 [Yu, Dawei; Paktunc, Dogan] Nat Resources Canada, CanmetMIN, 555 Booth St,
Ottawa, ON K1A 0G1, Canada.
[Yu, Dawei] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
C3 Natural Resources Canada; Lands & Minerals Sector - Natural Resources
Canada; CanmetMINING; Central South University
RP Yu, DW (corresponding author), Nat Resources Canada, CanmetMIN, 555 Booth St,
Ottawa, ON K1A 0G1, Canada.; Yu, DW (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Met &
Environm, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM dawei.yu@csu.edu.cn
RI Paktunc, Dogan/AAT-2246-2021; Yu, Dawei/AAE-7736-2021
OI Paktunc, Dogan/0000-0003-4965-3531
FU NRCan under the Rare Earth Elements and Chromite RD Program
FX The following contributions are acknowledged: Shudip Faiyaz for
performing the SEM analyses and the elutriation separation, Derek Smith
for XRD analyses, Ruiping Wang for chemical analysis of the products,
and KWG Resources Inc. for providing the chromite ore samples. The study
was funded by NRCan under the Rare Earth Elements and Chromite R&D
Program.
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NR 42
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 32
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD JAN
PY 2019
VL 29
IS 1
BP 200
EP 212
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(18)64929-5
PG 13
GA HK0YS
UT WOS:000457631400021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Madhav, TV
Reddy, IVR
Ghorpade, VG
Jyothirmai, S
AF Madhav, T. Venu
Reddy, I. V. Ramana
Ghorpade, Vaishali G.
Jyothirmai, S.
TI Compressivestrength study of geopolymer mortar using quarry rock dust
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Geopolymer; Alkaline solution; Cement concrete; Fly ash; Slag;
Sustainable technology
AB India is one of the Developing countries that needs to face the environmental
pollution. We have many ways to reduce environmental pollution that causes by
production of Portland cement and by the increasing of waste material. Geopolymer
is the term used to represent the binders produced by polymeric reaction of
alkaline liquid with silicon and aluminium as source materials. Common river sand
is expensive due to excessive cost of transportation from natural sources. Also
large-scale depletion of these sources creates environmental problems. River sand
is most commonly used fine aggregate in the production of concrete poses the
problem of acute shortage in many areas. In such a situation the Quarry rock dust
can be an economic alternative to the river sand.
Quarry Rock Dust can be defined as residue, tailing or other non-voluble waste
material after the extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less
than 4.75 mm. This paper presents the feasibility of the usage of Quarry Rock Dust
as a substitute for Natural Sand in geopolymer mortar. The by-product materials
considered in this study are combination of GGBFS and Fly ash. The experimental
program involves casting of geopolymer mortar cubes by using GGBFS, Flyash and
Quarry rock dust and testing them at 1 day, 3 days and 7 days for compressive
strength. Different parameter considered in this study is alkaline fluid to binder
ratio Keeping 12-Molarity of the alkaline liquid and the ratio of sodium hydroxide
to sodium meta silicate as constant (1:2). (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Madhav, T. Venu; Jyothirmai, S.] Audisankara Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Civil
Engn, Gudur 524101, Andhra Prades, India.
[Reddy, I. V. Ramana] SVU Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Tirupati 517502, Andhra
Prades, India.
[Ghorpade, Vaishali G.] JNTUA Coll Engn, Civil Engn Dept, Anantapuram 515002,
Andhra Prades, India.
C3 Sri Venkateswara University; JNTUA College of Engineering Anantapur;
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University - Anantapur
RP Madhav, TV (corresponding author), Audisankara Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Civil
Engn, Gudur 524101, Andhra Prades, India.
EM vtmadhav@gmail.com
RI Ghorpade, Vaishali/HHN-3836-2022
CR Davidovits J., 1999, GEOP 99 INT C SAINT
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NR 8
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 52
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2018
VL 231
BP 105
EP 108
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.07.133
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA GR1XT
UT WOS:000442349900028
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, PD
Zhang, H
Gao, HJ
Zhu, YQ
Yu, J
Fan, RD
Zhao, HZ
AF Zhao, Pengda
Zhang, Han
Gao, Hongjun
Zhu, Yuqian
Yu, Jun
Fan, Rundong
Zhao, Huizhong
TI Formation process and properties of aluminium-chromium slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Refractory; Aluminothermic smelting; Aluminium-chromium slag;
Thermomechanical characterization
ID AL2O3-CR2O3 SOLID-SOLUTIONS
AB In order to realize the application of aluminium-chromium slag for economical
recycling, its formation process and properties, including the chemical composition
and phase composition, physical properties, and microstructure, were studied. The
main chemical components of aluminium-chromium slag are Al2O3 and Cr2O3; Cr, CaO,
and MgO, among others, are also present as impurities. The main phase is a solid
solution of aluminium and chromium oxides; this possesses high refractoriness, good
mechanical properties at high temperature, and relative stability in chemical
composition. CaO is the main volatile component; variations in the CaO levels
affect the thermal conductivity and high-temperature linear thermal expansion, and
thus, the mechanical properties of the slag.
C1 [Zhao, Pengda; Zhang, Han; Yu, Jun; Fan, Rundong; Zhao, Huizhong] Wuhan Univ Sci
& Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Hongjun; Zhu, Yuqian] Jinzhou Ji Xin High Temp Mat Co Ltd, Jinzhou 121005,
Peoples R China.
C3 Wuhan University of Science & Technology
RP Zhao, HZ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM wustnano@163.com
FU Wuhan University of Science and Technology Postgraduate Research
Innovation; Venture Foundation [JCX2016001]
FX This work was supported by the Wuhan University of Science and
Technology Postgraduate Research Innovation and Venture Foundation
(JCX2016001). We would also like to thank Editage [www.editage.cn] for
English language editing.
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TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2018
VL 44
IS 13
BP 15730
EP 15734
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.05.247
PG 5
GA GQ9AH
UT WOS:000442057800106
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Gao, JT
Meng, L
Shi, AJ
Guo, ZC
AF Wang, Zhe
Gao, Jintao
Meng, Long
Shi, Anjun
Guo, Zhancheng
TI Recovery of Zinc from Zn-Al-Fe Melt by Super-gravity Separation
LA English
DT Article
DE super gravity; galvanizing dross; zinc recovery; separation; iron
removal
ID GALVANIZING PROCESS; SUPER GRAVITY; DROSS; FIELD; ALUMINUM; REMOVAL;
STEEL; SLAG
AB The removal of iron-containing dross particles and recovery of zinc from
galvanizing dross by super-gravity separation was investigated using a model Zn-Fe-
Al alloy. After super-gravity separation, the high purity molten zinc went through
the filter, while the residue mainly consisting of dross particles was intercepted
by the filter and separated from the molten zinc. The effects of gravity
coefficient and separating temperature on zinc recovery and iron removal were
investigated. The preliminary results show the super gravity separation is a
promising method of recovering zinc from galvanizing dross.
C1 [Wang, Zhe; Gao, Jintao; Meng, Long; Shi, Anjun; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci &
RP Wang, Z (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM zhewang@ustb.edu.cn
RI Guo, Z. C./AAS-1733-2021
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-TP-16-036A1]
China (No. 51704022) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (FRF-TP-16-036A1).
CR Dong AP, 2008, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V24, P40, DOI 10.1179/174328407X248514
113
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482
NR 16
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 16
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2018
VL 58
IS 6
BP 1175
EP 1177
PG 3
GA GK7LJ
UT WOS:000436385400024
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LJ
Li, H
Wang, WL
Wu, ZY
Yu, J
Xie, SL
AF Zhou, Lejun
Li, Huan
Wang, Wanlin
Wu, Zhaoyang
Yu, Jie
Xie, Senlin
TI Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Mold Fluxes for Casting
High-Aluminum Steels
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-CHANGE; AL; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORS; SLAGS; LI2O
AB This paper investigates the crystallization behavior of CaO-SiO2- and CaO-Al2O3-
based mold fluxes for casting high-aluminum steels using single hot thermocouple
technology, developed kinetic models, and scanning electron microscope. The results
showed that the crystallization ability of the typical CaO-SiO2-based Flux A
(CaO/SiO2 0.62, Al2O3 2 mass pct) is weaker than that of CaO-Al2O3-based Flux B
(CaO/SiO2 4.11, Al2O3 31.9 mass pct) because of its higher initial crystallization
temperature. The crystallization kinetics of Flux A was "surface nucleation and
growth, interface reaction control" in the overall non-isothermal crystallization
process, whereas that of Flux B was "constant nucleation rate, 1-dimensional
growth, diffusion control, in the primary crystallization stage, and then
transformed into constant nucleation rate, 3-dimensional growth, interface reaction
control in the secondary crystallization stage." The energy dispersive spectroscopy
results for Flux B suggested that the variations in the crystallization kinetics
for Flux B are due to different crystals precipitating in the primary (BaCa2Al8O15)
and secondary (CaAl2O4) crystallization periods during the non-isothermal
crystallization process.
C1 [Zhou, Lejun; Li, Huan; Wang, Wanlin; Wu, Zhaoyang; Yu, Jie; Xie, Senlin] Cent S
Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Lejun; Li, Huan; Wang, Wanlin; Yu, Jie] Cent S Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res
Clean Met, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Zhaoyang] Anhui Univ Technol, Key Lab Met Emiss Reduct & Resources
Recycling, Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.
C3 Central South University; Central South University; Anhui University of
Technology
RI zhou, lejun/HJZ-1171-2023
OI Zhou, Lejun/0000-0003-3127-6942
FU National Science Foundation of China [51504294, 51528402]; Opening
Foundation of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metallurgical
Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling (Anhui University of
Technology)
FX The financial support from the National Science Foundation of China
(51504294, 51528402) and the Opening Foundation of Ministry of Education
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling
(Anhui University of Technology) is greatly acknowledged.
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NR 34
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 57
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 6
BP 2949
EP 2960
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-1117-3
PG 12
Engineering
GA FN2FJ
UT WOS:000415806100014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Heo, JH
Park, JH
AF Heo, Jung Ho
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Thermochemical analysis for the reduction behavior of FeO in EAF slag
via Aluminothermic Smelting Reduction (ASR) process: Part I.
Effect of aluminum on Fe & Mn recovery
LA English
DT Article
DE Electric arc furnace (EAF) slag; Aluminothermic Smelting Reduction
(ASR); Iron recovery; Triangular Fe balance diagram; Reaction mechanism;
Thermochemical computation
ID MOLTEN SLAG; IRON-OXIDE; CAO-SIO2-FEO SLAGS; CHROMIUM-OXIDE; SOLID
CARBON; COPPER SLAG; KINETICS; CR2O3; MECHANISM; GRAPHITE
AB We investigated Fe recovery from EAF slag by means of Aluminothermic Smelting
Reduction (ASR) at 1773 K, especially the quantitative effect of initial Al/FeO
molar ratio upon the Fe recovery. Both calculated and experimentally measured
system temperatures continuously increased with increasing initial Al/FeO molar
ratio. Furthermore, to predict the reduction behavior we calculated variations in
the slag composition by using FactSage (TM) 7.0 software. FeO and Al2O3 contents in
molten slag varied sharply within the first 5 min of the reaction and stabilized
soon thereafter. The aluminothermic reduction of FeO appeared to proceed rapidly
and in good stoichiometric balance, based upon the mass balance between the
consumption of FeO and MnO (Delta FeO and Delta MnO) and the production of Al2O3
(Delta Al2O3). Adding an optimal amount of Al (Al/FeO molar ratio 0.8) yielded a Fe
recovery of about 90%. Furthermore, the Mn could also be reduced from the EAF slag
in the case of excess Al addition (Al/Fe >= 0.8). The solid compound spinel (MgO
center dot Al2O3) was precipitated from the slag during the FeO reduction, as
confirmed by means of XRD analysis and thermochemical computations. Herein, the
mechanism of ASR reaction between FeO in molten slag and Al is explained in several
steps.
Korea.
South Korea.
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NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 27
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 58
BP 219
EP 228
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2017.02.005
PG 10
Engineering
GA FH0ZN
UT WOS:000410869300020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Murthy, IN
Rao, JB
Rao, J. Babu
TI FERRO CHROME SLAG: AN ALTERNATIVE MOULD MATERIAL IN FERROUS AND
NON-FERROUS FOUNDRIES
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METALCASTING
LA English
DT Article
DE silica sand; Fe-Cr slag; CO2 process; mould properties; ferrous and
non-ferrous castings; metallurgical and mechanical properties
ID ALUMINUM
AB Various efforts are being made to use industrial wastes as an alternate moulding
material in the foundry industry. Ferrochrome (Fe-Cr) slag has many of the same
attributes of sand. Hence, in this paper, investigations were carried out on the
suitability of Fe-Cr slag as mould material for either full or partial replacement
of existing silica sand in the foundry industry. Owing to the superiority, sodium
silicate-CO2 process was adopted for evaluating the same. The process parameters
considered for this investigation were percentage of sodium silicate and CO2
gassing time. A series of sand tests were carried out on silica sand, Fe-Cr slag
individually and various combinations of these two. Three types of moulds were made
with Fe-Cr slag, silica sand individually and combination of these two with 8
%sodium silicate and 15 S CO2 gassing time. Various ferrous and non-ferrous
castings were performed on these newly developed slag moulds. Results reveal that
mould permeability, compression and shear strength of Fe-Cr slag are suitable
candidates for either partial or full replacement of moulding sand. During casting,
no burning, dripping nor collapse of the mould walls was observed in slag moulds;
this is true for both ferrous and non-ferrous castings. Castings with good surface
finish, no surface defects and without porosity were made by slag moulds. Slag
moulds show faster solidification rates than sand moulds. Faster heat transfer in
slag moulds enables obtain castings with enhanced metallurgical and mechanical
properties like, hardness, compression and tensile with improved elongation.
C1 [Murthy, I. Narasimha; Rao, J. Babu] Andhra Univ, Dept Met Engn, Visakhapatnam
530003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Murthy, IN (corresponding author), Andhra Univ, Dept Met Engn, Visakhapatnam
OI INAMPUDI, NARASIMHA MURTHY/0000-0003-4726-9392
FU DST-Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India [FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13]; NISHKA
Labs, Hyderabad, India
FX Authors thank the DST-Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India, for their
financial support [Grant Ref No: FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13]. Thanks are
due to NISHKA Labs, Hyderabad, India, for the support in SEM studies.
Special thanks to M/s. Jindal Steel and Ferro Alloys Ltd. Kothavalasa,
Visakhapatnam, India, for supplying ferrochrome slag for this study.
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NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 11
IS 3
BP 598
EP 629
DI 10.1007/s40962-016-0103-x
PG 32
GA EX6KI
UT WOS:000403350800019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mu, HY
Zhang, TS
Yang, L
Xavier, RR
Fruehan, RJ
Webler, BA
AF Mu, Haoyuan
Zhang, Tongsheng
Yang, Liang
Xavier, Rodrigo R.
Fruehan, Richard J.
Webler, Bryan A.
TI In Situ Observation of MgO Inclusions in Liquid Iron-Aluminum
Alloys
LA English
CT International Symposium on Advances in Materials Manufacturing at the
Conference of Metallurgists (COM)
CY AUG 23-26, 2015
CL Toronto, CANADA
ID STEEL; KINETICS; AL
AB This study showed that MgO inclusions can be stable in liquid iron with elevated
Al and it illustrated an important role of vaporization in the evolution of
inclusions. Previous studies have shown that dissolved Al reduces MgO from slags
and refractories, leading to spinel (MgAl2O4) inclusions. The elevated Al content
of newer steels raises the possibility that MgO inclusions can be stable. In this
work, MgO inclusions were produced and observed in an Fe-Al alloy. The inclusions
in the liquid alloy at 1873 K (1600 degrees C) were observed in situ with a
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). Two types of experiments were performed:
one where only a metal sample was melted and the other where the sample was in
contact with a liquid, MgO-saturated slag. When no slag was present, the MgO
inclusions shrank and disappeared at 1873 K (1600 degrees C). No inclusions were
observed in situ during cooling or in post-CLSM analysis. When the MgO-saturated
slag was present, the inclusion sizes were essentially constant and MgO was
observed on the surface of post-CLSM samples. Analysis of the results showed that
MgO can be stable in 1873 K (1600 degrees C), but that its presence depends on the
rate of removal of Mg due to vaporization and the supply of Mg due to slag/metal or
refractory/metal reactions. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2016
C1 [Mu, Haoyuan; Zhang, Tongsheng; Yang, Liang; Xavier, Rodrigo R.; Fruehan,
Richard J.; Webler, Bryan A.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Mat
Sci & Engn Dept, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Xavier, Rodrigo R.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Engn Met & Mat, Av Antonio
Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
RP Zhang, TS (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking
Res, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM tongshez@andrew.cmu.edu
OI Mu, Haoyuan/0000-0001-5976-1849
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NR 15
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 6
BP 3375
EP 3383
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0794-7
PG 9
Engineering
GA EE7MC
UT WOS:000389800800023
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hazar, ABY
Saridede, MN
Çigdem, M
AF Hazar, ABY
Saridede, MN
Çigdem, M
TI A study on the structural analysis of aluminium drosses and processing
of industrial aluminium salty slags
SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium dross; crystallization; leaching; recovery; salty slag;
structural analyses
AB In aluminium-melting operations, a dross layer containing 85% metallic Al forms
on the surface of the molten aluminium bath. Therefore, a significant amount of
metal is removed from the furnace with the dross. Melt losses are one of the most
important economical points in the melting operations. In the first part of the
present study, a series of reverbaratory furnace drosses received from several
aluminium plants located in Turkey were examined to determine their compositional
and structural characteristics. Following crushing and grinding operations, drosses
were dimensionally classified into 5 groups. Metallic Al, Mg, Zn, Fe and SiO2
contents of each group were analyzed separately. The metallic aluminium content of
the group +4 mm is found to be approximately 75% while that of -0.5 mm group is
25%. Another fundamental finding is the high Mg content present in the drosses.
Furthermore, Fe and SiO2 contents increase with decreasing particle size of the
dross. In the second part of the investigation, experiments were carried out on the
treatment of the salty slags to obtain salt, aluminium and non-metallic products
which can be used for various purposes. Leaching and crystallization in an
evaporator is employed to determine the optimum conditions for the recovery of flux
from the salty slag.
C1 Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey.
C3 Yildiz Technical University
RP Saridede, MN (corresponding author), Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Davutpasa Campus, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM saridede@yildiz.edu.tr
RI Saridede, Muhlis Nezihi/C-5302-2019; Hazar Yoruç, Afife
Binnaz/GLV-0870-2022; Çiğdem, Mustafa/AAZ-4431-2020
OI Saridede, Muhlis Nezihi/0000-0003-1036-1339; Hazar Yoruç, Afife
Binnaz/0000-0001-7281-2305; Çiğdem, Mustafa/0000-0002-2966-6506
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NR 22
TC 13
Z9 19
U1 5
U2 28
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
JI Scand. J. Metall.
PD JUN
PY 2005
VL 34
IS 3
BP 213
EP 219
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0692.2005.00732
PG 7
GA 932FN
UT WOS:000229539700004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Maniruzzaman, M
Makhlouf, M
AF Maniruzzaman, M
Makhlouf, M
TI Mathematical modeling and computer simulation of the rotating impeller
particle flotation process: Part II. Particle agglomeration and
flotation
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMIC EQUATION; COAGULATION
AB Effective removal of unwanted particles from a molten metal alloy by flotation
relies on purging a gas into the melt through a rotating impeller. This device is
commonly known as a rotary degasser. Unwanted particles in the melt attach to the
rising gas bubbles and rise to the slag layer where they are removed from the metal
bulk. In addition, the turbulence created by the rotating impeller causes the
randomly distributed solid particles to agglomerate into relatively large clusters.
These clusters float up or settle down due to the difference between their density
and that of the melt. A mathematical model has been developed to describe the
particle dynamics and particle agglomeration that occur during the rotary degassing
of aluminum melts. While previous investigations addressed particle collisions in
low intensity turbulent fields where the size of the colliding particles is smaller
than the Kolmogorov length scale, this model is more encompassing as it considers
both low intensity and high intensity turbulence. Consequently, this model is more
representative of a typical industrial rotary degassing operation.
C1 Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
C3 Worcester Polytechnic Institute
RP Maniruzzaman, M (corresponding author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
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NR 29
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 18
PI WARRENDALE
SN 1073-5615
PD APR
PY 2002
VL 33
IS 2
BP 305
EP 314
DI 10.1007/s11663-002-0014-5
PG 10
Engineering
GA 538LG
UT WOS:000174817000014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chakraborty, SP
Sharma, IG
Bose, DK
AF Chakraborty, SP
Sharma, IG
Bose, DK
TI A study on the preparation of iron aluminium based intermetallic alloy
by aluminothermic smelting technique
LA English
DT Article
DE iron aluminide alloys; aluminothermic reduction; thermit;
characterization
AB Iron aluminium based intermetallic alloys or iron aluminide alloys are usually
made by conventional melting and powder processing routes. Melting is carried out
either in vacuum induction melting or are melting furnaces. However,the use of high
vacuum and high temperature expensive furnaces, high cost associated with the
procurement of pure individual metal components, operational problems during
melting stages are some of the most deterrent factors in making these alloys by
melting route. Powder processing route utilises atomised, carbonyl or rapidly
solidified pre alloyed powders as starting materials and alloying is carried out
either by mechanical alloying or reaction synthesis or by consolidation through hot
isostatic pressing. This process also involves many processing steps and
considerable expense. In the present investigation, it has been found possible to
eliminate the above problems by adopting a simple aluminothermic reduction
(thermit) smelting technique for the preparation of iron aluminide alloy of
targetted composition Fe-16A1-5.46Cr-0.5V-0.05C (wt %) by the direct co-reduction
of oxides of iron,chromium and vanadium in presence of carbon and excess aluminium.
Incorporation of slag fluidizer CaO amounting to 10 wt % of total charge,
aluminium, 10 wt % excess over stoichiometric requirement and carbon, double the
theoretical amount have been found to be adequate to form the above alloy with
maximum overall yield of 99.4 wt %. The compositional variation of alloying
components Like iron, chromium,vanadium, aluminium and carbon in the
aluminothermically produced iron aluminide alloy from the target composition have
been minimized under optimum experimental conditions. The reactions have been found
to be well controlled, rapid and self-sustaining and are conducted in an off-
furnace manner using a simple experimental set-up. Studies on composition and
microstructure characterization, hot rolling behaviour and oxidation resistance of
the said alloy points towards its suitability for use. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science
S.A. All rights reserved.
C1 Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mat Proc Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Uranium Extract Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
C3 Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC); Bhabha Atomic Research Center
(BARC)
RP Sharma, IG (corresponding author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mat Proc Div, Bombay
400085, Maharashtra, India.
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NR 19
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 24
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD OCT 23
PY 1998
VL 280
IS 1-2
BP 255
EP 261
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(98)00683-5
PG 7
GA 132FU
UT WOS:000076620300036
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shang, WX
Peng, ZW
Xu, FC
Tang, HM
Rao, MJ
Li, GH
Jiang, T
AF Shang, Wenxing
Peng, Zhiwei
Xu, Fuchun
Tang, Huimin
Rao, Mingjun
Li, Guanghui
Jiang, Tao
TI Preparation of enstatite-spinel based glass-ceramics by co-utilization
of ferronickel slag and coal fly ash
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferronickel slag; Coal fly ash; Glass-ceramics; Enstatite; Spinel
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; REFRACTORY MATERIALS;
CRYSTALLIZATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; CAF2; NUCLEATION; VISCOSITY; STRENGTH;
CR2O3
AB In this study, a new approach was proposed to prepare high-quality enstatite-
spinel based glass-ceramics from the mixture of ferronickel slag (FNS) and coal fly
ash (CFA) by examining the effect of CFA content on the preparation process based
on both thermodynamic and experimental analyses. The thermodynamic exploration
indicated that choosing enstatite as the main crystal phase in the target glass-
ceramics along with spinel was suitable for co-utilization of both wastes. The
experimental analysis showed that the crystallization temperature of parent glass,
an intermediate product prepared from the mixture, increased from 864 degrees C to
907 degrees C as the content of CFA increased from 20 wt % to 35 wt %. Conversely,
the depolymerization degree of the glass presented a decreasing trend, implying the
denser glass structure which could promote chemical stability of the product. After
crystallization of the parent glass, the main phase in the resulting glass-ceramic
sample was transformed from enstatite (MgSiO3) to aluminum enstatite
(Mg0.96Al0.027SiO3). There were simultaneous microstructural transitions from a
spherical structure through a blocky structure to a plate-like prismatic structure,
lowering bending strength of the product. By controlling crystallization of the
melted mixture of 75 wt % FNS and 25 wt % CFA at 867 degrees C for 2 h, the
resulting enstatite-spinel based glass-ceramic obtained excellent properties,
namely density of 3.11 g/cm3, bending strength of 116 MPa, acid resistance of
99.97%, and alkali resistance of 99.70%. With a much higher utilization percentage
of FNS, the product had properties comparable to those derived from similar wastes
reported in literature. This study provides an efficient method for coutilization
of FNS and CFA.
C1 [Shang, Wenxing; Peng, Zhiwei; Xu, Fuchun; Tang, Huimin; Rao, Mingjun; Li,
Guanghui; Jiang, Tao] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha
[Shang, Wenxing; Peng, Zhiwei; Xu, Fuchun; Tang, Huimin; Rao, Mingjun; Li,
Guanghui; Jiang, Tao] Natl Engn Lab High Efficiency Recovery Refractory, Changsha
RP Peng, ZW (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
RI jiang, tao/GWC-7108-2022; Jiang, Tao/IWM-7503-2023; Rao,
Mingjun/GSD-5794-2022
OI Rao, Mingjun/0000-0001-6032-9340; Li, Guanghui/0000-0001-8835-8346
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [72088101]; Science and
Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province, China [2019RS2008];
Project of State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites
and Functional Materials [17kffk11]; Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities of Central South University [S2020105330625]
Foundation of China under Grant 72088101, the Science and Technology
Planning Project of Hunan Province, China, under Grant 2019RS2008, the
Project of State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Nonmetal Composites
and Functional Materials under Grant 17kffk11, and the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University
under Grant S2020105330625.
CR Balomenos E, 2013, P 3 INT SLAG VAL S L, P72
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.09.110
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Chen LS, 2020, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V532, DOI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2019.119864
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NR 38
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 68
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD OCT 15
PY 2021
VL 47
IS 20
BP 29400
EP 29409
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.07.108
EA SEP 2021
PG 10
GA UR3BQ
UT WOS:000696627900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU López-Perales, JF
Contreras, JE
Vázquez-Rodríguez, FJ
Gómez-Rodríguez, C
Díaz-Tato, L
Banda-Muñoz, F
Rodríguez, EA
AF Lopez-Perales, J. F.
Contreras, Jose E.
Vazquez-Rodriguez, F. J.
Gomez-Rodriguez, C. G.
Diaz-Tato, L.
Banda-Munoz, F.
Rodriguez, Eden A.
TI Partial replacement of a traditional raw material by blast furnace slag
in developing a sustainable conventional refractory castable of improved
physical-mechanical properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Recycling; Blast furnace slag; Conventional refractory castable; Fine
aggregate; Anorthite; Sustainable development
ID WASTE FERROCHROME SLAG; PHASE EVOLUTION; FINE AGGREGATE; CAO CONTENT;
FLY-ASH; CEMENT; CONCRETE; KINETICS; HYDRATION; CERAMICS
AB The exponential growth of industrial waste is a problem that has forced the
development of clean technologies for their appropriate management. About 0.25e0.30
tons of slag is generated per ton of crude steel or pig iron in blast furnaces. In
this research, blast furnace slag was recycled to progressively replace the fine
fraction of flint clay at 0, 5,10,15, and 20 wt% in laboratory-scale conventional
refractory castable samples fired at 120, 850, 1050, and 1400 degrees C. The
physical properties were measured by linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent
porosity, and water absorption. The mechanical behavior was evaluated by cold
crushing strength and cold modulus of rupture. Microstructural and mineralogical
characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray
diffraction, respectively. The incorporation of 10 wt% of blast furnace slag
allowed the development of a slag-containing conventional refractory castable with
improved properties compared to those of the reference castable, such as a bulk
density of 2.61 g/cm3, percentages of apparent porosity, and water absorption of
10.64% and 4.08%, respectively, and mechanical resistance of 94.5 MPa. A denser
microstructure via ceramic body's porosity reduction is reached by the anorthite
crystallization from a silica-rich liquid phase with CaO contents. This
densification mechanism improves mechanical resistance by about 74%. The anorthite
phase and the physical and mechanical characteristics exhibited by the sustainable
refractory castable are attractive and suitable for its possible application in the
aluminum industry as smelting furnace lining.
C1 [Lopez-Perales, J. F.; Contreras, Jose E.; Diaz-Tato, L.; Banda-Munoz, F.;
Rodriguez, Eden A.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon UANL, Fac Ingn Mecan & Elect FIME,
Programa Doctoral Ingn Mat, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66451, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
[Vazquez-Rodriguez, F. J.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon UANL, Fac Arquitectura FARQ,
San Nicolas De Los Garza 66451, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
[Gomez-Rodriguez, C. G.] Univ Veracruzana Campus Coatzacoalcos UV, Fac Ingn,
Dept Mecan, Coatzacoalcos 96535, Veracruz, Mexico.
C3 Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon; Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
RP Rodríguez, EA (corresponding author), Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon UANL, Fac Ingn
Mecan & Elect FIME, Programa Doctoral Ingn Mat, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66451,
Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
EM jlopezp@uanl.edu.mx; jose.contrerasle@uanl.edu.mx;
fvazquezr@uanl.edu.mx; crisgomez@uv.mx; leonel.diazat@uanl.edu.mx;
fernando.bandamn@uanl.edu.mx; eden.rodriguezcs@uanl.edu.mx
RI López-Perales, Jesús Fernando/GXH-3651-2022
OI Banda Munoz, Fernando/0000-0002-0155-9696; RODRIGUEZ CASTELLANOS, EDEN
AMARAL/0000-0002-4917-7435; Gomez Rodriguez,
Cristian/0000-0001-9124-6038; Vazquez Rodriguez, Francisco
Javier/0000-0001-5010-9491; Lopez Perales, Jesus
Fernando/0000-0003-4630-8628
FU National Technology Council of Mexico (CONACYT) [462342]
FX The first author thanks the National Technology Council of Mexico
(CONACYT) for its support to accomplish their postgraduate studies, with
the scholarship number 462342.
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NR 81
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JUL 15
PY 2021
VL 306
AR 127266
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127266
EA APR 2021
PG 14
& Ecology
GA SM6HI
UT WOS:000657703600005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xin, JJ
Wang, N
Chen, M
Chen, C
AF Xin, Jianjiang
Wang, Nan
Chen, Min
Chen, Chen
TI Direct Alloying of Molten Steel with Vanadium Slag as a Substitute of
Ferrovanadium: Self-reduction Behavior of Vanadium Slag Briquette with
Aluminum Dross Addition
LA English
DT Article
AB A direct alloying technology of molten steel by the vanadium slag briquette via
self-reduction reaction was proposed. From the perspective of selective reduction,
a theoretical analysis on the variation of equilibrium compositions including slag
and metal phases was carried out based on the Gibbs energy minimization principle.
The self-reduction behavior of vanadium slag briquettes with aluminum dross
addition and slag-metal separation was experimentally investigated under various
conditions, including the reduction temperature, briquette basicity and reductant
amount. The results demonstrated that increasing the reduction temperature and
briquette basicity could promote the deep reduction of vanadium slag and
coalescence of metal droplets in molten slag, resulting in an increase in reduction
degrees of FeO, MnO, Cr2O3 and V2O5. Excessive addition of aluminum dross with an
A/O molar ratio > 0.67 would significantly increase the slag viscosity and
deteriorate the fluidity of slag because of the introduction of Al2O3 and MgO,
which caused an obvious decrease in the reduction degrees of FeO, MnO, Cr2O3 and
V2O5 and difficulty in coalescence of metal droplets. The solid compound of
magnesia-alumina spinel (MgAl2O4) was found to be precipitated from liquid slag,
which strongly affects the slag viscosity and settling velocity of the metal
droplets in slag phase. Under the optimal conditions, a reduction temperature of
1600 degrees C, briquette basicity of 2.0, Al/O molar ratio of 0.67 and reduction
degrees of FeO, Cr2O3, MnO and V2O5 in vanadium slag could reach the highest values
of 99.05, 81.94, 84.02 and 89.83 pct, respectively, and metal droplets could be
well agglomerated and separated from slag phase.
C1 [Xin, Jianjiang; Chen, Min; Chen, Chen] Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab
Ecol Met Multimetall Ores, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Xin, Jianjiang; Wang, Nan; Chen, Min; Chen, Chen] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Nan] Inst Frontier Technol Low Carbon Steelmaking, Shenyang 110819,
[Wang, Nan] Liaoning Prov Engn Res Ctr Technol Low Carbon Ste, Shenyang 110819,
RP Wang, N (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd,
Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Wang, N (corresponding author), Inst Frontier
Technol Low Carbon Steelmaking, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM wangn@smm.neu.edu.cn; chenm@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Nan/ABA-1364-2021; Wang, Nan/ACI-4675-2022; Wang,
Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Li, Guo/JNR-1700-2023
OI Wang, Nan/0000-0001-5601-7838;
52074077]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;
Chinese Education Ministry [N2025026]; National Key R&D Program of China
[2017YFB0304201, 2017YFB0304203, 2016YFB0300602]
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51774073, 51974080 and 52074077), the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities supported by the
Chinese Education Ministry (Grant No. N2025026) and the National Key R&D
Program of China (2017YFB0304201, 2017YFB0304203, 2016YFB0300602).
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NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 2
BP 815
EP 829
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-02055-9
EA FEB 2021
PG 15
Engineering
GA RI7MS
UT WOS:000616152700004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Iqbal, MP
Vishwakarma, RK
Pal, SK
Mandal, P
AF Iqbal, Md Perwej
Vishwakarma, Ranjan Kumar
Pal, Surjya K.
Mandal, Parthasarathi
TI Influence of plunge depth during friction stir welding of aluminum pipes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF
ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Friction stir welding; aluminum pipes; sensors; plunge depth; mechanical
properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; FINITE-ELEMENT;
MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; DEFECT; TEMPERATURE; PARAMETERS; HARDNESS; ORIGIN
AB This study focuses on the application of friction stir welding (FSW) process for
joining of pipes. It addresses key issues associated with fusion welding
techniques, such as lack of fusion, over penetration, slag inclusions, root crack,
undercut root gap, and thermal distortion. The influence of process parameters on
the physical properties during FSW of aluminum pipes has been studied, which allows
selecting an optimum combination of parameters for achieving superior welds.
Physical responses such as variation in axial force, torque, temperature, and power
have been analyzed. Tensile test of the joints fabricated shows a maximum of
similar to 90% joint strength efficiency with respect to the base material. The
peak temperature or heat input is found to be increasing during FSW, which creates
a larger grain size in the stir zone of the joints, resulting in the higher
hardness of the joints.
C1 [Iqbal, Md Perwej; Vishwakarma, Ranjan Kumar; Pal, Surjya K.] Indian Inst
Technol Kharagpur, Mech Engn Dept, Frict Stir Welding Lab, Kharagpur 721302, W
Bengal, India.
[Mandal, Parthasarathi] Univ Manchester, Dept Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn,
Manchester, Lancs, England.
Technology (IIT) - Kharagpur; University of Manchester
RP Pal, SK (corresponding author), Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Mech Engn Dept,
Frict Stir Welding Lab, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India.
EM skpal@mech.iitkgp.ernet.in
RI PAL, SURJYA K/GNP-0511-2022
OI PAL, SURJYA K/0000-0003-2182-6349; Mandal,
Parthasarathi/0000-0002-4051-110X
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NR 40
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0954-4054
EI 2041-2975
J9 P I MECH ENG B-J ENG
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B-J. Eng. Manuf.
PD NOV
PY 2023
VL 237
IS 13
SI SI
BP 2085
EP 2096
AR 0954405420949754
DI 10.1177/0954405420949754
EA AUG 2020
PG 12
SC Engineering
GA X2AK7
UT WOS:000562472200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU van de Wouw, PMF
Loginova, E
Florea, MVA
Brouwers, HJH
AF van de Wouw, P. M. F.
Loginova, E.
Florea, M. V. A.
Brouwers, H. J. H.
TI Compositional modelling and crushing behaviour of MSWI bottom ash
material classes
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Coarse MSWI bottom ash; Crushing; Material classes; Composition; Model
ID WASTE INCINERATION MSWI; FLY-ASH; PYROLYSIS/MELTING TREATMENT; ALUMINUM
RECOVERY; RESOURCE RECOVERY; MUNICIPAL; CONCRETE; AGGREGATE; SLAG;
FRACTIONS
AB At present, in Europe, 18 million tonnes of MSWI Bottom Ash (BA) is annually
stockpiled or used in low-grade applications (e.g. in road bases). Therefore,
alternative applications, such as aggregate or as a cement component in concrete,
are stimulated. Physical and chemical characteristics remaining after treatment,
however, prevent its extensive application in building materials. Hence, knowledge
is needed on the distinct properties of the material classes making up a
heterogeneous BA, enabling the assessment of its characteristics and the resulting
applicability. Furthermore, a user-friendly composition assessment procedure is
necessary to evaluate the output of physical treatment processes. Crushing is a
commonly applied treatment and its effect on the material classes comprising BA is
still unknown. In this paper, the latter are identified and classified into slag,
magnetic slag, glass, refractory, metals, and unburned material classes. The
individual characteristics of each material class are identified and a suitable
tracer for tracking these classes in heterogeneous samples is defined. Furthermore,
a fast method to quantify the distribution of material classes based just on the
oxide composition is developed and applied to approximate the changes in the
configuration of BA through crushing. It is concluded that, although the jaw
crushing of BA results in a more homogeneous distribution, beneficiation of
material classes occurs and selective crushing is possible in order to improve the
quality of the BA and therefore its subsequent application. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [van de Wouw, P. M. F.; Loginova, E.; Florea, M. V. A.; Brouwers, H. J. H.]
Eindhoven Univ Technol, Unit Bldg Phys & Serv, Dept Built Environm, POB 513, NL-
5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
C3 Eindhoven University of Technology
RP van de Wouw, PMF (corresponding author), Eindhoven Univ Technol, Unit Bldg Phys
& Serv, Dept Built Environm, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
EM p.m.f.v.d.wouw@tue.nl
RI Loginova, Elena/AAF-3265-2021
OI van de Wouw, Perry/0000-0003-1870-472X; Brouwers,
Jos/0000-0002-8291-5444
FU NWO/TTW-foundation [13318]; Mineralz; Attero; ENCI; v.d. Bosch Beton;
Struyk Verwo; CRH Europe Sustainable Concrete Centre
FX The authors wish to express their gratitude to the NWO/TTW-foundation
(project 13318, Development of eco-concretes by using industrial
by-products), Mineralz, Attero, ENCI, v.d. Bosch Beton, Struyk Verwo,
and CRH Europe Sustainable Concrete Centre for their provision of
material, knowledge and financial support in this project, as well as to
the Cement-Concrete- Immobilisates sponsor group at TU Eindhoven:
Rijkswaterstaat Grote Projecten en Onderhoud, Graniet-Import Benelux,
Kijlstra Betonmortel, Rijkswaterstaat Zee en Delta - District Noord,
BTE, Selor, GMB, Geochem Research, Icopal, BN International, Eltomation,
Knauf Gips, Hess MC Systems, Kronos, Joma, Cement&BetonCentrum, Heros,
Inashco (chronological order of joining).
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NR 98
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 30
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
EI 1879-2456
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 101
BP 268
EP 282
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.013
PG 15
GA JR6XU
UT WOS:000499766600028
PM 31634813
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, X
Miki, T
Takeda, O
Zhu, HM
Nagasaka, T
AF Lu, Xin
Miki, Takahiro
Takeda, Osamu
Zhu, Hongmin
Nagasaka, Tetsuya
TI Thermodynamic criteria of the end-of-life silicon wafers refining for
closing the recycling loop of photovoltaic panels
SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic criteria; silicon refining; end-of-life wafer;
photovoltaic panels; pyro-metallurgical recycling; solvent refining;
high-temperature purification
ID METALLURGICAL-GRADE SILICON; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; MOLTEN SILICON; REMOVAL;
BORON; SOLIDIFICATION; SI; ALUMINUM; SLAGS; CONTAMINATION
AB The collected end-of-life (EoL) silicon wafers from the discharged photovoltaic
(PV) panels are easily contaminated by impurities such as doping elements and
attached materials. In this study, the thermodynamic criteria for EoL silicon
wafers refining using three most typical metallurgical refining processes:
oxidation refining, evaporation refining, and solvent refining were systemically
and quantitatively evaluated. A total of 42 elements (Ag, Al, Au, B, Be, Bi, C, Ca,
Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, In, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, Os, P, Pb, Pd,
Pt, Re, Ru, Sb, Sn, Ta, Ti, U, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr) that are likely to be contained in
the collected EoL silicon-based PV panels were considered. The principal findings
are that the removal of aluminum, beryllium, boron, calcium, gadolinium, hafnium,
uranium, yttrium, and zirconium into the slag, and removal of antimony, bismuth,
carbon, lead, magnesium, phosphorus, silver, sodium, and zinc into vapor phase is
possible. Further, solvent refining process using aluminum, copper, and zinc as the
solvent metals, among the considered 14 potential ones, was found to be efficient
for the EoL silicon wafers refining. Particularly, purification of the phosphorus
doped n-type PV panels using solvent metal zinc and purification of the boron doped
p-type PV panels using solvent metal aluminum are preferable. The efficiency of
metallurgical processes for separating most of the impurity elements was
demonstrated, and to promote the recycling efficiency, a comprehensive management
and recycling system considering the metallurgical criteria of EoL silicon wafers
refining is critical.
C1 [Lu, Xin; Miki, Takahiro; Takeda, Osamu; Zhu, Hongmin; Nagasaka, Tetsuya] Tohoku
Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
RP Lu, X (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
EM xin.lu.a5@tohoku.ac.jp
RI Lu, Xin/AEG-2682-2022
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [14J03293]; Japan
Association for Chemical Innovation (JACI); Grants-in-Aid for Scientific
Research [14J03293] Funding Source: KAKEN
FX Elizabeth Webeck, associate professor as well as Ms. L. Marian Nida and
Ms. Jonah Gamutan, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University,
are gratefully acknowledged for the English language edition. Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS, No. 14J03293) is gratefully
acknowledged for providing X. Lu with the scholarship during his
doctoral program. Support from Japan Association for Chemical Innovation
(JACI) is also greatly acknowledged.
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[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 71
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 204
PI ABINGDON
SN 1468-6996
EI 1878-5514
J9 SCI TECHNOL ADV MAT
JI Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater.
PD DEC 31
PY 2019
VL 20
IS 1
BP 813
EP 825
DI 10.1080/14686996.2019.1641429
PG 13
GA IM0ZC
UT WOS:000477717200001
PM 31489054
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Yu, B
Fan, HL
Guo, MX
Wang, T
Huang, JJ
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Yu, Bing
Fan, Hongli
Guo, Mingxi
Wang, Tao
Huang, Jiejie
Fang, Yitian
TI Investigation on regulation mechanism of red mud on the ash fusion
characteristics of high ash-fusion-temperature coal
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Ash fusion behaviors; High AFT coal; Red mud; Regulation mechanism
ID FUSIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS; GASIFICATION; BEHAVIORS; BIOMASS; SLAG;
GASIFIER; GLASS
AB Red mud (RM) used as a flux to decrease coal ash fusion temperature (AFT) has
great economic and environmental attractions. The effects of Bayer RM (BRM) and
Sintering RM (SRM) on the AFTs of high silicon-aluminum coal (Jiaozuo coal (ZJ)) or
high aluminum coal (Pingsuo coal (PS)) were investigated by X-ray fluorescence
analysis, X-ray diffraction, and FactSage calculation. With increasing BRM/SRM mass
ratio, the AFTs of JZ or PS mixture firstly decreased quickly and then slowly. When
ash flow temperatures were decreased to < 1400 degrees C, for ZJ mixtures, the mass
ratio of BRM or SRM should not be < 1.38% or 0.65%; while for PS, BRM or SRM should
not be < 2.76% or 1.81%, respectively. SRM lower AFT's of two coals compared to the
addition of BRM resulted from that SRM higher CaO content (20.12 wt%) than that of
BRM (8.87 wt%), and its lower A/B value (1.15) than BRM (1.53). The increasing
contents of Na2O, Fe2O3, and CaO inhibited high melting-point (MP) mullite
formation and prompted the formations of low MP albite, hercynite, and anorthite
with increasing RM mass ratio. This caused the respective decrease in the AFTs. The
mineral evolution based on FactSage calculation could explain the AFT changing
trend with increasing BRM or SRM mass ratio.
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Fan, Hongli; Guo, Mingxi; Wang, Tao] Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem
Engn, Heze 274015, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Yu, Bing] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo
[Li, Fenghai; Huang, Jiejie; Fang, Yitian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem,
EM hzlfh@163.com
RI Huang, Jie/GWQ-5005-2022; guo, mingxi/ABB-3916-2020; LI,
feng/HIR-1703-2022
FU Natural Science Foundations of China [21875059]; Natural Science
Foundations of Shandong Province, China [ZR2018MB037, ZR2017BB063];
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,
China [XDA07050103]
FX This research was financially supported by the Natural Science
Foundations of China (21875059), Natural Science Foundations of Shandong
Province, China (ZR2018MB037, ZR2017BB063), and the Strategic Priority
Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
(XDA07050103).
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Xuan WW, 2019, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V187, P21, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.01.005
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD DEC 1
PY 2019
VL 257
AR 116036
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116036
PG 10
GA IY5EC
UT WOS:000486413500050
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, N
Vainio, E
Hupa, L
Hupa, M
Zabetta, EC
AF Li, Na
Vainio, Emil
Hupa, Leena
Hupa, Mikko
Zabetta, Edgardo Coda
TI Interaction of High Al2O3 Refractories with
Alkaline Salts Containing Potassium and Sodium in Biomass and Waste
Combustion
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORROSION; CERAMICS; BEHAVIOR
AB Utilization of challenging fuels, such as biomass residues and waste-derived
fuels, may lead to problems with refractory corrosion. Alkalis and chlorine in such
fuels can lead to the formation of low melting deposits and slags on the refractory
lining of boilers during combustion. This may cause excessive wear, possibly
limiting the service lifetime of the refractories. In this work, the attack of
alkali salts to high alumina refractories was studied. The refractory was exposed
to four pure salts (K2CO3, K2SO4, Na2CO3, and Na2SO4) and one synthetic ash (K2CO3-
KCl). The refractory was exposed to the salts at 700, 800, and 900 degrees C for
168 h. The penetration of potassium into the refractory was determined from
horizontal line scan analyses of the sample cross section using scanning electron
microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Detailed information on alkali
infiltration was obtained by using the Xphase spectral imaging software.
Additionally, X-ray diffraction analyses were made on cross sections of the
refractory before and after exposure to detect new compounds. Even at the lowest
temperature, K2CO3 formed low melting compounds with the refractory, resulting in
accelerated deterioration. The main new phases formed were kalsilite, kaliophilite,
and leucite. Thermodynamic calculations showed that the initiating step in the
corrosion could be the reaction between free silica in the refractory and
potassium, even at 700 degrees C. Similar refractory deterioration was caused by
the KCl-K2CO3 mixture. Exposure to Na2CO3 led to the formation of nepheline and
sodium aluminum silicate. Sodium and potassium sulfate did not show any major
corrosive effects; however, at 900 degrees C Na2SO4 melt penetrated deep into the
refractory.
C1 [Li, Na; Vainio, Emil; Hupa, Leena; Hupa, Mikko] Abo Akad Univ, Johan Gadolin
Proc Chem Ctr, SF-20500 Turku, Finland.
[Zabetta, Edgardo Coda] Sumitomo SHI FW, Relanderinkatu 2, Varkaus 78201,
Finland.
C3 Abo Akademi University
RP Hupa, L (corresponding author), Abo Akad Univ, Johan Gadolin Proc Chem Ctr, SF-
20500 Turku, Finland.
EM Leena.Hupa@abo.fi
RI Hupa, Leena/A-5774-2016
OI Hupa, Leena/0000-0001-7745-7779; Vainio, Emil/0000-0002-8176-1332
FU National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes); Andritz Oy; Valmet
Technologies Oy; Sumitomo SHI FW Energia Oy; UPM-Kymmene Oyj; Clyde
Bergemann GmbH; International Paper, Inc.; Top Analytica Oy Ab; project
"Low temperature corrosion in combustion-old problem, new approaches" -
Academy of Finland [289869]; Academy of Finland (AKA) [289869, 289869]
Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
FX This work has been carried out as part of the activities of the Johan
Gadolin Abo Akademi Process Chemistry Centre. Support from the National
Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes), Andritz Oy, Valmet Technologies
Oy, Sumitomo SHI FW Energia Oy, UPM-Kymmene Oyj, Clyde Bergemann GmbH,
International Paper, Inc., and Top Analytica Oy Ab is gratefully
acknowledged. Funding for Emil Vainio came from the project "Low
temperature corrosion in combustion-old problem, new approaches"
(Decision no. 289869) financed by Academy of Finland and is greatly
acknowledged. We also thank Linus Silvander for carrying out the
SEM/EDXA analysis.
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NR 23
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 19
PI WASHINGTON
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 32
IS 12
BP 12971
EP 12980
DI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b03136
PG 10
GA HF9MV
UT WOS:000454567000095
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GZ
Wang, N
Chen, M
Wang, Y
AF Zhang, Guangzong
Wang, Nan
Chen, Min
Wang, Ying
TI Viscosity and Structure of
CaO-SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3-MgO System during
Iron-Extracting Process from Nickel Slag by Aluminum Dross. Part 2:
Influence of Al2O3/SiO2 Ratio
LA English
DT Article
DE Al2O3/SiO2 ratio; aluminum dross; CaO-SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3-MgO system;
nickel slag; viscosity and structure
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; MOLTEN SLAGS; ALUMINOSILICATE MELTS;
RAMAN-SPECTRA; MOLD FLUX; CAO-SIO2; GLASSES; MODEL; B2O3; MGO
AB Nickel slag can be recycled as one of excellent secondary sources due to
valuable iron resource and the thermophysical property of CaO-SiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3-MgO
system is significant for the iron-extracting process by aluminum dross. In the
present work, the viscosity and structure evolution of CaOSiO2-"FeO"-Al2O3-MgO slag
system are investigated from 1723 to 1873 K, and the influence of Al2O3/SiO2 ratio
is studied under the two "FeO" content conditions of 33.17 and 8.13 wt%,
respectively. Experimental results show that the slag system changes from
silicates-based to aluminates-based with the reduction process. Slag viscosity
increases with the increasing Al2O3/SiO2 ratio under the both "FeO" contents.
Structure measurement shows that the evolution of slag structure is dependent on
the coupling effect of Q(Si)(n) in [SiO4]-tetrahedra and Q(Al)(n) Al in [AlO4]-
tetrahedra. The average number of equivalent bridging oxygen (n(BO/T)(e)) in the
slag increases from 1.07 to 1.41, 2.46 to 2.60 with Al2O3/SiO2 ratio at 33.71 and
8.13 wt% "FeO" content, respectively. Additionally, the influence mechanism of
Al2O3/SiO2 on viscosity and structure of slag is analyzed from the thermodynamic
view and atomic level.
C1 [Zhang, Guangzong; Wang, Nan; Chen, Min; Wang, Ying] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
RP Wang, N (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
EM wangn@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Wang, Nan/HLV-7836-2023; Wang, Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Wang,
Nan/GRY-3150-2022
OI Guangzong, Zhang/0000-0002-1689-9386
51574065, 51774073]
FX The authors thanked National Natural Science Foundation of China for the
financial support of this work (Grant Nos. 51774072, 51574066, 51574065,
51774073).
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NR 45
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 28
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 89
IS 10
AR 1800273
DI 10.1002/srin.201800273
PG 9
GA GV6YZ
UT WOS:000446268500015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JS
Park, Y
Lee, S
Min, DJ
AF Choi, Joon Sung
Park, Youngjoo
Lee, Sunghee
Min, Dong Joon
TI Cationic effect of charge compensation on the sulfide capacity of
aluminosilicate slags
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminosilicates; anorthite; charge compensation; nuclear magnetic
resonance; slags; sulfides
ID MQ-MAS NMR; SILICATE MELTS; CAO-AL2O3-SIO2 SLAGS; AMPHOTERIC BEHAVIOR;
STRUCTURAL ROLE; O-17 NMR; GLASSES; ALUMINUM; SYSTEM; MGO
AB The effect of CaO on the sulfide capacity of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags was studied
from the viewpoint of the ionic structure of alumina in slag. The aluminum
coordination number was analyzed using Al-27 500-MHz solid nuclear magnetic
resonance spectroscopy and the results were compared with those of the sulfide
capacity analysis. The sulfide capacity of slag, in the peralkaline region
(XCaO/XAl2O3>1.0), exhibited a linear relationship with respect to basicity (aO2-)
as excess free Ca2+ formed a 4-coordinated aluminum unit structure (Al-[IV]; AlO45-
</mml:msubsup>) and stabilized the sulfide ions (S2-). However, sulfide capacity in
the peraluminous region (XCaO/XAl2O3<1.0) exhibited a nonlinear relationship with
respect to basicity (aO2-) owing to the structure of higher-coordinated aluminum
units (Al-[V], Al-[VI]; Al3+) and the relative lack of Ca2+. Therefore, the sulfide
capacity of high Al2O3-bearing slags strongly depended on the basicity (aO2-) and
stability of sulfide ions (<mml:msub>S2-), which depended on the competitive
behavior of Ca2+ owing to the structural changes in Al2O3. The effect of the
aluminum coordination number on the sulfide capacity was discussed in detail using
an analysis of the slag structure and thermodynamics model.
C1 [Choi, Joon Sung; Park, Youngjoo; Lee, Sunghee; Min, Dong Joon] Yonsei Univ,
Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Min, DJ (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul, South
Korea.
OI Choi, Joon Sung/0000-0002-8560-1598; Lee, Sunghee/0000-0002-4268-918X;
Min, Dong Joon/0000-0003-3091-2038
FU Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology [10063488]; Brain
Korea 21; National Research Foundation of Korea; Plus Project in
Division of Creative Materials; Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial
Technology (KEIT) [10063488] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science
& Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology
Information Service (NTIS)
FX Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology, Grant/Award Number:
10063488; Brain Korea 21; National Research Foundation of Korea; Plus
Project in Division of Creative Materials
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NR 42
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 101
IS 7
BP 2856
EP 2867
DI 10.1111/jace.15435
PG 12
GA GF0ZS
UT WOS:000431661300021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, PD
Zhang, H
Gao, HJ
Zhu, YQ
Yu, J
Chen, Q
Zhao, HZ
AF Zhao, Pengda
Zhang, Han
Gao, Hongjun
Zhu, Yuqian
Yu, Jun
Chen, Qi
Zhao, Huizhong
TI Separation and characterisation of fused alumina obtained from aluminium
chromium slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminium-chromium slag; Fused alumina; Thermodynamic properties; Fused
carbonisation reduction
ID CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROCRYSTALLINE
GRAPHITE; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; MICROSTRUCTURES; DENSIFICATION;
FERROCHROMIUM; REFRACTORIES; EQUILIBRIUM; COMPOSITE
AB Aluminium-chromium slag is a by-product of the thermal reduction of aluminium
during chromium smelting, which is generally considered solid waste with a low
utilisation rate. In this work, a fused carbonisation reduction method has been
proposed to separate the Al2O3 and Cr2O3 from the slag and produce fused alumina
and chromium carbide materials for refractory applications. The thermodynamic
parameters of this process were determined using a standard thermal analysis
method. In the molten slag, Cr2O3 reacts with C to produce high density chromium
carbide, which effectively precipitates at the bottom of the reaction vessel, while
Al2O3 is converted into the corundum phase during cooling. The results of chemical
analysis showed that the Al2O3 content in fused alumina was greater than 95 wt%,
while its main crystalline phase was the corundum with a bulk density of 3.57 g
cm(-3), thermal conductivity of 6.4-7.4 W m(-1) K-1 (at temperatures above 600
degrees C), and average thermal expansion coefficient of about 7.5-8.2 x
10(-6)/degrees C (in the temperature range of 800-1300 degrees C).
C1 [Zhao, Pengda; Zhang, Han; Yu, Jun; Chen, Qi; Zhao, Huizhong] Wuhan Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Hongjun; Zhu, Yuqian] Jinzhou Ji Xin High Temp Mat Co Ltd, Jinzhou 121005,
Peoples R China.
EM wustnano@163.com
FU Scientific Research Program of the Department of Education of Hubei
Province [Q20171103]; Youth Fund of the State Key Laboratory of
Refractories and Metallurgy [2014QN09]
FX This work was supported by the Scientific Research Program of the
Department of Education of Hubei Province (Q20171103) and Youth Fund of
the State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy (2014QN09). We
would also like to thank Editage [www.editage.cn] for English language
editing.
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NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD MAR
PY 2018
VL 44
IS 4
BP 3590
EP 3595
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.11.073
PG 6
GA FV6TY
UT WOS:000424716200011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mantry, S
Behera, D
Satapathy, A
Jha, BB
Mishra, BK
AF Mantry, S.
Behera, D.
Satapathy, A.
Jha, B. B.
Mishra, B. K.
TI Deposition of plasma sprayed copper slag coatings on metal substrates
SO SURFACE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Copper slag; Plasma spraying; Adhesion; Coating
ID POWDER
AB Copper slag is a waste product obtained during matte smelting and refining of
copper. The present work explores the coating potential of copper slag by plasma
spraying. This work shows that copper slag is eminently coatable. When premixed
with alumina powder, the coating exhibits higher interfacial adhesion as compared
to pure copper slag coatings. Maximum adhesion strengths of about 23 and 27 MPa are
recorded in for the coatings of copper slag with 15 wt.% of alumina on aluminium
and mild steel substrates respectively. The input power to the plasma torch is
found to affect the coating deposition efficiency and morphology of the coatings.
C1 [Mantry, S.; Behera, D.; Jha, B. B.; Mishra, B. K.] CSIR Inst Minerals & Mat
Technol, Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India.
[Satapathy, A.] Natl Inst Technol, Rourkela 769008, India.
Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology (IMMT); National Institute
of Technology (NIT System); National Institute of Technology Rourkela
RP Mantry, S (corresponding author), CSIR Inst Minerals & Mat Technol, Bhubaneswar
751013, Orissa, India.
EM mantrysisir@gmail.com
RI Satapathy, Alok/N-4297-2017
FU CSIR, New Delhi [OLP-18]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge CSIR, New Delhi for providing
financial support in the form of an empower project (OLP-18).
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NR 21
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 17
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
SN 0267-0844
J9 SURF ENG
JI Surf. Eng.
PD APR
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 222
EP 227
DI 10.1179/1743294412Y.0000000096
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films
GA 140UR
UT WOS:000318681900010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lin, KL
AF Lin, KL
TI Effects of SiO2 and Al2O3 on the
hydration characteristics of MSWI fly ash slag
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE MSWI fly ash; melting process; slag; compressive strength
AB Municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash, comprised of a mixed cyclone ash and
lime-reactant ash, can be characterized as having a high melting point; thus, it is
difficult to melt effectively and economically, without modification of its
components. This study investigates how modification of fly ash's basicity will
affect the pozzolanic characteristics of the resultant melts. It was modified by
adding SiO2, to bring the basicity closer to unity; subsequent additions of Al2O3
were also evaluated. The pozzolanic characteristics of the samples were evaluated
at various curing ages. The compressive strength development, degree of hydration,
hydration products, and the engineering properties of the pastes were examined. All
the slag samples produced from the modified fly ash meet the ASTM C989
specifications for blast furnace slag. The results indicate that increasing the
amount of aluminum oxide to raise the basicity will enhance the early hydration
characteristics. XRD and DTA analyses indicated that the main hydrated products of
the tested samples included calcium hydroxide (CH), calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-
H), and calcium aluminate hydrates (C-A-H). The degree of hydration increased upon
increasing the curing time, but decreased upon increasing the replacement ratio.
The results of this study demonstrate that MSWI fly ash can be melted at a lower
temperature when its basicity is modified and that it can produce the desired type
of slag, having pozzolanic characteristics close to or outperforming those of
ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).
EM kllin@niu.edu.tw
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NR 7
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU KOREAN SOC INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
PI SEOUL
PA A-803 TWIN BLDG, 275-3, YANGJAE-DONG, SEOCHO-KU, SEOUL 137-130, SOUTH
KOREA
SN 1226-086X
J9 J IND ENG CHEM
JI J. Ind. Eng. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2005
VL 11
IS 6
BP 834
EP 840
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA 988FL
UT WOS:000233577300005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Way, LD
AF Way, LD
TI Cleanness, castability, and surface quality of formable sheet steels
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID GRAPHITE IMMERSION NOZZLE; CONTINUOUSLY CAST SLABS; ALUMINUM-KILLED
STEELS; LOW-CARBON STEEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; BRITISH-STEEL;
CLEANLINESS; MECHANISM; OXIDE; FILTRATION
AB Increased demand for high quality sheet steel in the automotive and
food/beverage packaging sectors has led to adoption of the aluminium killed low
carbon and ultralow carbon interstitial free grades. Unfortunately, these grades
are also susceptible to unsightly surface line defects, formed by rolling
elongation of non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) trapped in slabs during continuous
casting operations. Oxide NMIs are the main deleterious type in formable steels.
Their origins have been identified as chemical reactions between elements in the
steel or physical entrainment of foreign matter. If not removed during processing
of liquid steel, these NMIs may become entrapped within the cast slab. It is thus
important to minimise all NMI sources during steelmaking and casting and also to
optimise NMI removal from the steel bath by flotation into a covering surface slag.
Many techniques currently exist to assess the resulting steel 'cleanness' and
determine the surface quality of the final product. The most problematic and
uncontrollable NMI source arises from casting instabilities caused by accumulation
of solid masses (alumina in the case of aluminium killed steel) on the inside of
refractory teeming shrouds. This 'nozzle clogging' behaviour causes undesirable in
mould steel How (entraining mould slag into the slabs) and, in extreme cases, may
even result in premature termination of casting. Proposed clogging mechanisms
include deposition of NMIs from the bath, premature steel solidification, and
refractory-steel chemical interactions. Over the past 20 years, many process
improvements have been introduced to minimise nozzle clogging and improve steel
cleanness. Ladle and tundish metallurgy, mould technologies, and alternate caster
configurations have all played important roles. Inclusion engineering by calcium
treatment has also proved successful, but is an expensive and difficult technique.
Possibly the best solution to date has involved changing the design/composition of
the clog susceptible refractory itself. However, variable performance and high
purchase cost have prevented widespread industrial adoption of these anticlogging
innovations. If such issues can be addressed through further research, there should
be no reason why formable sheet steel cannot meet customer quality requirements and
maintain its dominant share of the autobody and food/beverage can markets. (C) 2001
IoM Communicatons Ltd.
C1 Univ Coll Swansea, Dept Mat Engn, EPSRC Engn Doctorate Ctr Steel Technol,
Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
C3 UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Engineering & Physical Sciences
Research Council (EPSRC); Swansea University
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NR 114
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 35
PU I O M COMMUNICATIONS LTD INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5DB, ENGLAND
SN 0267-0836
J9 MATER SCI TECH SER
JI Mater. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2001
VL 17
IS 10
BP 1175
EP 1190
DI 10.1179/026708301101509142
PG 16
Engineering
GA 489JA
UT WOS:000171987200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Manninen, V
Lano, T
Holappa, LEK
AF Manninen, V
Lano, T
Holappa, LEK
TI Low reoxidation tundish metallurgy at Fundia Koverhar steel plant
LA English
DT Article
DE deoxidation; reoxidation; ladle metallurgy; tundish metallurgy; calcium
treatment
AB Production of At killed steel grades at Koverhar began in 1992 after revamping
the casting machine no. 1. The refractories and equipment of easter no. 1 were
planned to prevent reoxidation. However, nozzle clogging problems with impaired
inclusion cleanliness were occasionally observed. In order to clarify the role of
reoxidation in continuous casting, a research project was carried out with the
Helsinki University of Technology. The whole casting sequences of 3 steel grades
were scrutinized. The changes of steel composition from ladle to mold as well as
tundish slag composition were systematically investigated. The starts of casting
sequences, ladle changes and cast endings were especially examined. The effects of
rice husk ash as the tundish cover and the carryover of ladle slag to the tundish
were studied as well. The research project clearly revealed different reoxidation
phenomena during the casting process. Exchange reactions between the steel and the
tundish slag caused reduction of silicon and manganese oxides from the slag to the
steel and oxidation of aluminium, eventually titanium, from the steel,
respectively. These reactions, however, did not impair steel cleanliness, as oxide
inclusions produced by the reactions were formed in the vicinity of the metal-slag
interface, and thus inclusions were readily removed to the slag. Nitrogen pick-up
was observed especially during the cast starts, indicating atmospheric reoxidation.
It had, however. neither any notable influence on steel cleanliness nor on
castability. Any tendency to clogging was not observed during the campaigns. (C)
Munksgaard, 2000.
C1 Rautaruukki Corp R&D, FIN-10820 Fundai Koverhar, Lappohja, Finland.
Helsinki Univ Technol, Met Lab, FIN-02015 Espoo, Finland.
C3 Aalto University
RP Manninen, V (corresponding author), Rautaruukki Corp R&D, FIN-10820 Fundai
Koverhar, Lappohja, Finland.
CR LAHTINEN M, 1990, SCAND J METALL, V19, P137
LANO TA, 1998, THESIS HELSINKI U TE
NR 2
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 4
PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD
PI COPENHAGEN
PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
PD AUG
PY 2000
VL 29
IS 4
BP 156
EP 165
DI 10.1034/j.1600-0692.2000.d01-19.x
PG 10
GA 330GX
UT WOS:000087955400004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Oliveira, FA
Miller, A
Madías, J
AF Oliveira, FA
Miller, A
Madías, J
TI Surface tension, densities and viscosities of some
CaO-Al2O3 slags
SO REVISTA DE METALURGIA
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE slags; calcium aluminates; structure; physicochemical properties
AB The metallurgical concepts with regard to the structures and properties of
calcium aluminate melts have been based upon analogies within ternary CaO-Al2O3-
SiO2 systems. In this work the results of surface tension, density and viscosity of
some calcium aluminate slags, in the temperature range of 1500 to 1600 degrees C
are presented and the results are discussed based upon recent structural
characterisation results of crystalline aluminates. The compositional range
investigated was from 45 to 53 weight-% alumina. The results indicate a reduction
in density as the molar ratio CaO-Al2O3 decreases. Surface tension falls on
increasing either the molar ratio CaO-Al2O3 or temperature. Conversely, viscosity
increases with increasing molar ratio CaO-Al2O3, and decreasing temperature. The
compositional dependence of both surface tension and viscosity data may be
associated with the presence of some aluminium ions in octahedral co-ordination,
and a concept of surface behaviour is proposed which involves surface activity of
aluminate anions containing aluminium ions in a reduced valence state, such as
Al2+.
C1 Univ Fed Bahia, Escuela Politecn, EPUFBA, BR-40210630 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Manchester Mat Sci Ctr, Manchester M1 7HS, Lancs, England.
Inst Argentino Siderurgia, RA-2900 San Nicolas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
C3 Universidade Federal da Bahia; University of Manchester
RP Oliveira, FA (corresponding author), Univ Fed Bahia, Escuela Politecn, EPUFBA,
Rua Ubaldo Osorio 8, BR-40210630 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
OI Saiani, Aline/0000-0003-2731-3536
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5
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NR 21
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU CENIM
PI MADRID
PA AVDA. GREGORIO DEL AMO, 8, 28040 MADRID, SPAIN
SN 0034-8570
J9 REV METAL MADRID
JI Rev. Metal.
PD MAR-APR
PY 1999
VL 35
IS 2
BP 91
EP 99
DI 10.3989/revmetalm.1999.v35.i2.611
PG 9
GA 213BC
UT WOS:000081251300003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, HP
Yoneda, N
Nakashima, K
Mori, K
AF Sun, HP
Yoneda, N
Nakashima, K
Mori, K
TI Interfacial tensions between CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag and Fe-O-S, Fe-Si,
Fe-Al, Fe-C, Fe-Cr or Fe-Ni alloys
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE interfacial tension; CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag; flux; iron alloy, adsorption
of active element
AB The interfacial tensions of 35mass%CaO-35mass%SiO2-30mass%Al2O3 slag with Fe-O-
S, Fe-Si, Fe-Al, Fe-C, Fe-Cr or Fe-Ni alloys were investigated at 1580 degrees C by
the sessile drop method. The interfacial tension for Fe-O-S system decreased with
increasing oxygen and/or sulfur contents and their values (sigma) with oxygen and
sulfur activities (a) were found to follow the relation,
sigma(0)-sigma=0.3241n(1+116a(0)+8.5a(s)) ([S] <1mass%)
In evaluating the effect of each alloying element on the interfacial tension,
the difference in the oxygen content in each alloy was taken in the consideration.
The interfacial tension was increased with increasing aluminum and silicon
contents, slightly decreased with increasing carbon or nickel contents, and
markedly decreased with increasing sulfur and chromium contents in the melt.
RP Sun, HP (corresponding author), KYUSHU UNIV,FAC ENGN,HIGASHI KU,6-10-1
HAKOZAKI,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN.
CR BAIRAMOV BI, 1979, IZV VUZ CHERN METALL, P1
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Popel S. I., 1963, SB NAUCHN T URALSK P, V126, P5
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NR 12
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PI TOKYO
SN 0021-1575
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD JAN
PY 1997
VL 83
IS 1
BP 1
EP 6
PG 6
GA XA077
UT WOS:A1997XA07700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU BARBER, DJ
BECKETT, JR
PAQUE, JM
STOLPER, E
AF BARBER, DJ
BECKETT, JR
PAQUE, JM
STOLPER, E
TI A NEW TITANIUM-BEARING CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE PHASE .2. CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
AND CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY OF GRAINS FORMED IN SLOWLY COOLED MELTS WITH BULK
COMPOSITIONS OF CALCIUM-ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSIONS
SO METEORITICS
LA English
DT Note
ID ALLENDE METEORITE; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; MINERAL CHEMISTRY; TI;
CRYSTALLIZATION; CHONDRITE; ELEMENTS; MELILITE; ORIGIN
AB The crystallography and crystal chemistry of a new calcium-titanium-
aluminosilicate mineral (UNK) observed in synthetic analogs to calcium-aluminum-
rich inclusions (CAIs) from carbonaceous chondrites was studied by electron
diffraction techniques. The unit cell is primitive hexagonal or trigonal, with a =
0.790 +/- 0.002 nm and c = 0.492 +/- 0.002 nm, similar to the lattice parameters of
melilite and consistent with cell dimensions for crystals in a mixer furnace slag
described by Barber and Agrell (1994). The phase frequently displays an epitactic
relationship in which melilite acts as the host, with (0001)UNK parallel-to
(001)mel and [101BAR0]UNK parallel-to [100]mel. If one of the two space groups
determined by Barber and Agrell (1994) for their sample of UNK is applicable (P3ml
or P31m), then the structure is probably characterized by puckered sheets of
octahedra and tetrahedra perpendicular to the c-axis with successive sheets
coordinated by planar arrays of Ca. In this likely structure, each unit cell
contains three Ca sites located in mirror planes, one octahedrally coordinated
cation located along a three-fold axis and five tetrahedrally coordinated cations,
three in mirrors and two along triads. The octahedron contains Ti but, because
there are 1.3 - 1.9 cations of Ti/formula unit, some of the Ti must also be in
tetrahedral coordination, an unusual but not unprecedented situation for a
silicate. Tetrahedral sites in mirror planes would contain mostly Si, with lesser
amounts of Al while those along the triads correspondingly contain mostly Al with
subordinate Ti. The structural formula, therefore, can be expressed as
Ca 3VIII (Ti,Al)VI (Al,Ti,Si) 2IV (Si,Al) 3IV O14
with Si + Ti = 4. Compositions of meteoritic and synthetic Ti-bearing samples
of the phase can be described in terms of a binary solid solution between the end-
members Ca3TiAl2Si3O14 and CaTi(AlTi)(AlSi2)O14. A Ti-free analog with a formula
of Ca3Al2Si4O14 synthesized by Paque et al. (1994) is thought to be related
structurally but with the octahedral site being occupied by Al, that is,
Ca 3VIII AlVI (Al,Si)2IV (Si) 3IV O14.
C1 UNIV ESSEX,DEPT PHYS,COLCHESTER CO4 3SQ,ESSEX,ENGLAND.
CALTECH,DIV GEOL & PLANETARY SCI,PASADENA,CA 91125.
C3 University of Essex; California Institute of Technology
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7037(87)90348-6
JOHNSON ML, 1988, METEORITICS, V23, P276
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7037(85)90012-2
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PAQUE JM, 1984, LUNAR PLANET SCI, V15, P631
PAQUE JM, 1986, LUNAR PLANET SCI, V17, P646
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7037(91)90379-J
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WILLIAMS DB, 1984, PRACTICAL ANAL ELECT
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU METEORITICAL SOC
PI FAYETTEVILLE
PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701
SN 0026-1114
J9 METEORITICS
JI Meteoritics
PD SEP
PY 1994
VL 29
IS 5
BP 682
EP 690
DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.1994.tb00784.x
PG 9
GA PF653
UT WOS:A1994PF65300018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abadel, AA
Alghamdi, H
AF Abadel, Aref A.
Alghamdi, Hussam
TI Effect of high volume tile ceramic wastes on resistance of geopolymer
mortars to abrasion and freezing-thawing cycles: Experimental and deep
learning modelling
LA English
DT Article
DE Geopolymers; Durability performance; Abrasion resistance; Freeze-thaw
cycles; Tile ceramic wastes
ID ALKALI-ACTIVATED MORTARS; FLY-ASH; CONCRETE; STRENGTH; SLAG;
PERFORMANCE; POWDER; TEMPERATURE; EROSION
AB Utilizing industrial and agriculture waste materials to produce a green and
sustainable mortar have widely investigated and assessed based on the mechanical
and durability properties. Herein, the abrasion and freezingthawing resistance of
fly ash (FA)-ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) based geopolymer mortars
incorporating high content of tile ceramic wastes (TCWs) have been evaluated
experimentally and mathematically using artificial neural network (ANN). A
relatively dilute (4 M) alkaline solution was used to activate the ternary blend.
The TCWs was maintained as a relatively large percentage of the total binder, i.e.
50%, 60% and 70%. Once the casting process was complete, curing of the samples was
performed at 27 degrees C. These then underwent testing at day 1, day 3, day 7 and
day 28 to provide durability data for various specimen ages. Tests encompassed
exposure to abrasion, ability to withstand cyclic freeze-thawing and wet-drying,
and permeability to water. Investigations to establish the impact of the high TCWs
proportion on the generation of sodium aluminium, calcium aluminium and calcium
silicate hydrate (N, C-A-S-H) gels, respectively, included X-ray diffraction,
scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The large
percentage of TCWs (70%) generated GPMs that had a minimal effect on the
environment and which, by day 28, evidenced a compressive strength above 35 MPa.
Augmenting the GBFS and FA content promoted the capacity to withstand freeze-
thawing cycles and enhanced durability. Improved performance was also observed in
scenarios associated with abrasion resistance. In addition, the proposed models
proved their accuracy in which MSE, MAPE, SI were less than 1.93, while R2 of
greater than 0.9 confirmed the closeness between predicted and actual results.
Substitution of TCWs and FA for GBFS additionally reduced landfill problems of
ceramic wastes and achieved the sustainability aims.
C1 [Abadel, Aref A.; Alghamdi, Hussam] King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn,
Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
C3 King Saud University
RP Abadel, AA (corresponding author), King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Civil Engn,
Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM aabadel@ksu.edu.sa
RI Abadel, Aref A./GRF-3902-2022; Alghamdi, Hussam/AAX-4244-2021
OI Abadel, Aref A./0000-0002-8498-1402; Alghamdi,
Hussam/0000-0002-7348-9420
FU Deputyship for Research amp; Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi
Arabia [IFKSURG-2-117]
FX The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research &
Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this
research work through the project no. (IFKSURG-2-117)
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NR 61
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 12
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD MAY 15
PY 2023
VL 49
IS 10
BP 15065
EP 15081
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.01.089
EA APR 2023
PG 17
GA L6FS1
UT WOS:001024207500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI In Situ Modification of
CaF2-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO Flux
Applied in the Aluminium-Assisted Transfer of Titanium in the Submerged
Arc Welding of Carbon Steel: Process Mineralogy and Thermochemical
Analysis
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE slag; flux; phase chemistry; fluoride; spinel; mineralogy; oxy-fluoride;
glass
ID SLAG-METAL REACTIONS; CHEMISTRY; DISSOLUTION; HYDROGEN
AB Flux formulations are specified to target chemical and physico-chemical
parameters. Chemical parameters set flux element transfer behaviours and weld metal
oxygen contents. Physico-chemical parameters such as slag viscosity, surface
tension and melting range are targeted to ensure an acceptable weld bead profile
and surface appearance. Slag detachability is an important physico-chemical
property required to ensure high welding productivity, smooth weld bead surface and
no slag entrapment. Here, bead-on-plate welding tests were made with and without
metal powder additions, including aluminium powder as a de-oxidiser. Difficult slag
detachability was observed in weld runs made with metal powder additions.
Mineralogy of the post-weld slags, and thermochemical calculations, show that the
flux was modified due to the aluminothermic reduction of MnO and SiO2 from the slag
to form alumina. Increased quantities of spinel phase were identified in the post-
weld slag samples, at the weld pool-slag interface. The combined effect of
increased slag viscosity, from increased spinel in the slag, and lowered weld pool
solidus temperature, resulted in the formation of a rough bead surface morphology,
which, in turn, caused mechanical fixation of the slag to the weld bead. Flux
modification to higher CaF2 content should ensure that higher quantities of spinel
phase can be tolerated in the slag.
EM theresa.coetsee@up.ac.za; fjdb.1953@gmail.com
Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755
FX This research was funded in part by the National Research Foundation of
South Africa, grant number BRIC171211293679.
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NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD MAY
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 5
AR 604
DI 10.3390/min12050604
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA 1R8PH
UT WOS:000803625400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gong, K
White, CE
AF Gong, Kai
White, Claire E.
TI Predicting CaO-(MgO)-Al2O3-SiO2 glass
reactivity in alkaline environments from force field molecular dynamics
simulations
LA English
DT Article
DE Molecular dynamics simulations; Amorphous aluminosilicate; Structural
descriptors; Glass reactivity; X-ray and neutron scattering
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; NON-BRIDGING
OXYGEN; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ACTIVATED SLAG; SILICATE-GLASSES; PROPERTY
RELATIONSHIPS; STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; COORDINATED ALUMINUM; FLY-ASH
AB In this investigation, force field-based molecular dynamics (MD) simulations
have been employed to generate detailed structural representations for a range of
amorphous quaternary CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CMAS) and ternary CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CAS)
glasses. Comparison of the simulation results with select experimental X-ray and
neutron total scattering and literature data reveals that the MD-generated
structures have captured the key structural features of these CMAS and CAS glasses.
Based on the MD-generated structural representations, we have developed two
structural descriptors, specifically (i) average metal oxide dissociation energy
(AMODE) and (ii) average self-diffusion coefficient (ASDC) of all the atoms at
melting. Both structural descriptors are seen to more accurately predict the
relative glass reactivity than the commonly used degree of depolymerization
parameter, especially for the eight synthetic CAS glasses that span a wide
compositional range. Hence these descriptors hold great promise for predicting CMAS
and CAS glass reactivity in alkaline environments from compositional information.
C1 [Gong, Kai; White, Claire E.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn,
Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Gong, Kai; White, Claire E.] Princeton Univ, Andlinger Ctr Energy & Environm,
[Gong, Kai] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
C3 Princeton University; Princeton University; Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT)
RP White, CE (corresponding author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn,
EM whitece@princeton.edu
RI White, Claire E/A-1722-2011; GONG, kai/N-7843-2019; Gong,
Kai/HNT-0798-2023
OI White, Claire E/0000-0002-4800-7960; GONG, kai/0000-0002-5884-4607;
FU ARPA-E [DE-AR0001145]; National Science Foundation [1362039]; Charlotte
Elizabeth Proctor Fellowship from the Princeton Graduate School;
Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE)
at Princeton University; Office of Information Technology's High
Performance Computing Center at Princeton University; Office of
Information Technology's Visualization Laboratory at Princeton
University; U.S. DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; DOE Office
of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; NSF [DMR 00-76488];
Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn; Directorate For Engineering
[1362039] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
FX This material is based on work supported by ARPA-E under Grant No.
DE-AR0001145 and the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
1362039. K.G. was partially supported by a Charlotte Elizabeth Proctor
Fellowship from the Princeton Graduate School. The MD simulations were
performed on computational resources supported by the Princeton
Institute for Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE) and the
Office of Information Technology's High Performance Computing Center and
Visualization Laboratory at Princeton University. The 11-ID-B beam line
is located at the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User
Facility operated for the U.S. DOE Office of Science by Argonne National
Laboratory, under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The NPDF
instrument is located at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, previously
funded by DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National
Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE
Contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. The upgrade of NPDF was funded by the NSF
through grant DMR 00-76488.
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NR 91
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 15
U2 50
PI OXFORD
SN 0008-8846
EI 1873-3948
JI Cem. Concr. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 150
AR 106588
DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106588
EA SEP 2021
PG 16
GA WB4TB
UT WOS:000703564900006
OA Green Submitted, hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Azizi, D
Ibsaine, F
Dionne, J
Pasquier, LC
Coudert, L
Blais, JF
AF Azizi, Dariush
Ibsaine, Fatima
Dionne, Justine
Pasquier, Louis-Cesar
Coudert, Lucie
Blais, Jean-Francois
TI Microporous and macroporous materials state-of-the-art of the
technologies in zeolitization of aluminosilicate bearing residues from
mining and metallurgical industries: A comprehensive review
SO MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Zeolites; Zeolite synthesis; Aluminosilicate residues; Mining and
metallurgical sector; Waste valorization
ID COAL FLY-ASH; MESOPOROUS SILICA MATERIALS; ALUMINUM SALINE SLAGS;
MOLTEN-SALT METHOD; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; NA-A ZEOLITE; HYDROTHERMAL
SYNTHESIS; LITHIUM-SLAG; MOLECULAR-SIEVE; MINE TAILINGS
AB For decades, the world has experienced a steadily increasing demand in the
extraction of a variety of different minerals from the earth?s crust through mining
processes. This has resulted in two major consequences: i) depletion of limited
mineral resources of the earth, and ii) generation of large amounts of residual
products in the mining and metallurgical sectors, that are disposed of in tailing
ponds or landfill sites. These issues have caused that the world is encountering
with incredibly serious economic and environmental challenges. Reuse, repurposing
and valorization of these residues have been determined as effective and
sustainable approaches towards struggling with economic and environmental issues
related to the exploitation of low-grade deposits. These residues are divided into
several categories according to their chemical and mineralogical compositions,
since these parameters play essential roles in their repurposing/valorization.
Among these residues, aluminosilicate bearing residues have demonstrated promising
potential as inexpensive raw resources to produce valuable materials. In the recent
years, these residues have been intensively investigated for their use in the
production of cost-effective zeolites, which are crucial materials for catalysis
and adsorption?separation industries. This alternative in zeolite production is of
continuous interest in the field of zeolite science due to: i) important reduction
in zeolite production costs, ii) sustainable development concepts as well as iii)
helping to tackle the environmental concerns related to long-term management of
residues. Herein, the endeavor is to discuss about the state-of-the-art
technologies for zeolitization of aluminosilicate bearing residues including coal
fly ash, clay minerals residues, Li slag, Al production residues, with an emphasis
on the ongoing struggles in improvement of their corresponding zeolitization
processes.
C1 [Azizi, Dariush; Ibsaine, Fatima; Dionne, Justine; Pasquier, Louis-Cesar; Blais,
Jean-Francois] Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm ETE, Inst Natl Rech Sci INRS,
490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
[Coudert, Lucie] Univ Quebec Abitibi Temiscamingue UQAT, Res Inst Mines &
Environm RIME, 445 Blvd Univ, Rouyn Noranda, PQ J9X 5E4, Canada.
C3 University of Quebec; Institut national de la recherche scientifique
(INRS); University of Quebec; University Quebec Abitibi-Temiscamingue
RP Blais, JF (corresponding author), Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm ETE,
Inst Natl Rech Sci INRS, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM blaisjf@ete.inrs.ca
OI Coudert, Lucie/0000-0001-5083-9929
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [CRDPJ
533857-18]; Canada Research Chair Program [950-232194]
FX The authors would like to thank Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (Funding: CRDPJ 533857-18), the Canada
Research Chair Program (Funding: 950-232194) as well as Nemaska Lithium
Inc. For funding this research project.
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NR 304
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 12
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1387-1811
EI 1873-3093
J9 MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT
JI Microporous Mesoporous Mat.
PD APR
PY 2021
VL 318
AR 111029
DI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111029
EA MAR 2021
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA RK4FZ
UT WOS:000638254600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, D
Zhang, F
Wang, J
Yan, ZM
Pei, GS
Qiu, GB
Lv, XW
AF Yang, Ding
Zhang, Feng
Wang, Jian
Yan, Zhiming
Pei, Guishang
Qiu, Guibao
Lv, Xuewei
TI Effect of Cr2O3 content on viscosity and phase
structure of chromium-containing high-titanium blast furnace slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Cr2O3; Chromium-containing vanadium-titanium magnetite; Viscosity; Phase
structure; Viscous flow characteristics
ID SILICATE MELTS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ALUMINUM; BEARING; TIO2
AB For several years, ordinary vanadium-titanium magnetite has been rapidly
consumed because of its use in smelting. Thus, sources of chromium-containing
vanadium-titanium magnetite will need to be developed and utilized in the future.
Therefore, the physical and chemical properties of the blast furnace slag that
results from smelting chromium-containing vanadium-titanium magnetite should be
completely understood. In the present work, the viscous flow characteristics of
CaO-SiO2-MgO-TiO2-Al2O3-Cr2O3 system slag were investigated both theoretically and
experimentally to promote a better understanding of the effect of Cr2O3 addition on
the viscous behavior of slag. With increasing Cr2O3 content, the viscosity first
decreases and then increases. When the Cr2O3 content is a maximum of 0.5 wt.%,
Cr2O3 serves as a network modifier to simplify the slag structure and reduce the
viscosity. When the added amount was a minimum of 1.5 wt.%, perovskite and spinel
phases were formed in the slag, resulting in increased viscosity. (C) 2020 The
Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Yang, Ding; Zhang, Feng; Wang, Jian; Pei, Guishang; Qiu, Guibao; Lv, Xuewei]
Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & Adv Mat, Chongqing
[Yang, Ding; Zhang, Feng; Wang, Jian; Pei, Guishang; Qiu, Guibao; Lv, Xuewei]
Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Zhiming] Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; University of Warwick
RP Qiu, GB (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium
Titanium Met & Adv Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.; Qiu, GB (corresponding
author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM qiuguibao@cqu.edu.cn
RI Yan, Zhiming/AAD-7788-2022
OI Yan, Zhiming/0000-0002-6061-4077
FX The authors are especially grateful to a grant from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51674055).
CR [Anonymous], [No title captured]
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NR 26
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2020
VL 9
IS 6
BP 12673
EP 12681
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.10.061
PG 9
Engineering
GA PQ3VL
UT WOS:000606474700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, HX
Yang, DX
Li, MM
Zhang, N
AF Yu, Huixiang
Yang, Dexin
Li, Muming
Zhang, Ni
TI Effects of Al Addition on the Reaction between High-Manganese Steel and
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Al additions; high-manganese steels; nonmetallic inclusions; slag-steel
reactions; steel and slag compositions
ID MOLTEN MOLD FLUX; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EVOLUTION; DEFORMATION;
ALUMINUM; THERMODYNAMICS
AB High-manganese steel has garnered much attention in recent years. Precise
control on steel composition and improvement of cleanliness are very important for
the commercial production of this steel grade. Herein, the effect of Al addition on
steel and slag compositions as well as inclusions of high-manganese steel is
investigated by slag-steel reaction. The results show that Al content in steel
decreases, Si increases greatly, and Mn increases a little after Al addition.
Correspondingly, the content of Al(2)O(3)in slag increases and SiO(2)and MnO
decrease compared with those without Al additions. All these phenomena indicate
that Al instead of Mn reacts with SiO(2)in slag during the slag-steel reaction
after Al addition. The compositions of the final slags are close to the saturation
lines of (Mn, Mg)O and MgO after the slags react with Fe-xMn (x = 10, 20 mass%) and
Fe-xMn-1Al (x = 10, 20 mass%) steels. After Al addition, the inclusions in steel
also change, with the main component from MnO to MgO, the shape from spherical to
faceted, and the inclusion size showing an increasing trend.
C1 [Yu, Huixiang; Yang, Dexin; Zhang, Ni] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
[Li, Muming] Chongqing Iron & Steel Designing Inst Informat Co, Met Technol Res
Inst, Chongqing 401122, Peoples R China.
RP Yu, HX (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM yuhuixiang@ustb.edu.cn
RI Young, Allen/AAX-9003-2020
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51404020]; Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology of China
FX The authors are very grateful for financial support from National
Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 51404020) and Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology of China (no. TC180A6MR).
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NR 29
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 35
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 91
IS 10
AR 2000143
DI 10.1002/srin.202000143
EA JUN 2020
PG 6
GA NY6XM
UT WOS:000541760000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, Y
Kashiwaya, Y
Chung, Y
AF Kim, Yelim
Kashiwaya, Yoshiaki
Chung, Yongsug
TI Effect of varying Al2O3 contents of
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags on lumped MgO
dissolution
LA English
DT Article
DE Dissolution of solid MgO; Alumina containing liquid slag; MgAl2O4 of
formation; Single hot thermocouple technique
ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; MGAL2O4 PARTICLES; FURNACE SLAG; INCLUSIONS;
BEHAVIOR; CRYSTALLIZATION; REFRACTORIES; CORROSION
AB This study utilized the single hot thermocouple technique to examine the
dissolution behavior of lumped magnesium oxide (MgO) in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary
slags. The aluminum oxide (Al2O3) content in the slag (C/S = 1) varied from 10% to
30%; the MgO sphere with a diameter of 1 mm was placed in molten slags at 1,550
degrees C. Results showed that the dissolution rate decreased as the Al2O3 content
increased up to 20%. Over 20% Al2O3, MgAl2O4 was formed at the interface of MgO and
it did not fully melt at 30% Al2O3. The dissolution behavior and the formation of
MgAl2O4 were analyzed by a phase diagram provided by Factsage 7.0 software. In the
case of less than 20% Al2O3 content, apparent sphere radii were measured; the
shrinking core model was then applied to understand the dissolution mechanism. The
dissolution rate of both slags was controlled by boundary layer diffusion. The
dissolution rate at 20% Al2O3 slag appeared to fit the behavior to the boundary
layer diffusion, although it deviated during the middle stage of the dissolution
because of MgAl2O4 formation. The 10% Al2O3 slag fitted well to the boundary layer
diffusion curve; the obtained diffusion coefficient was 0.94 x 10(-9)m(2)/s.
C1 [Kim, Yelim; Chung, Yongsug] Korea Polytech Univ, Dept Adv Mat Engn, Shihung
[Kashiwaya, Yoshiaki] Kyoto Univ, Dept Energy Sci & Technol, Kyoto, Japan.
C3 Korea Polytechnic University; Kyoto University
RP Chung, Y (corresponding author), Korea Polytech Univ, Dept Adv Mat Engn,
Sangidaehak Ro 237, Siheung Si 15073, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
EM ychung@kpu.ac.kr
FU Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)
grant [20172010106310]; Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial
Technology (KEIT) [10062469, 10080625]; Korea Institute for Advancement
of Technology (KIAT) grant - Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy
(MOTIE), Korea [P008425]; POSCO CHEMICAL, Korea; Korea Evaluation
Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10062469] Funding Source:
Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS); National Research
Foundation of Korea [31Z20130012987] Funding Source: Korea Institute of
Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology
Information Service (NTIS)
FX This work was partly supported by Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant (Grant number 20172010106310), by
Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) grant (Grant
number 10062469, 10080625) and by Korea Institute for Advancement of
Technology (KIAT) grant (Grant number P008425) funded by the Ministry of
Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea. The authors would like to thank
POSCO CHEMICAL, Korea, for their support on this paper.
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NR 30
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD APR 1
PY 2020
VL 46
IS 5
BP 6205
EP 6211
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.11.088
PG 7
GA KN9WA
UT WOS:000515196800085
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HM
Peng, ZW
Gu, FQ
Ye, L
Hwang, JY
Rao, MJ
Li, GH
Jiang, T
AF Tang, Huimin
Peng, Zhiwei
Gu, Foquan
Ye, Lei
Hwang, Jiann-Yang
Rao, Mingjun
Li, Guanghui
Jiang, Tao
TI Alumina-enhanced valorization of ferronickel slag into refractory
materials under microwave irradiation
LA English
DT Article
DE Microwave; Ferronickel slag; Alumina; Refractory materials; Forsterite;
Refractoriness
ID ABSORPTION PROPERTIES; GLASS-CERAMICS; MGO; CHROMIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE;
THERMODYNAMICS; FUNDAMENTALS; NICKEL; CR2O3; IRON
AB This study presents a new approach to enhance preparation of superior-quality
refractory materials by microwave sintering of the mixture of ferronickel slag and
sintered magnesia with addition of alumina up to 10 wt %. It was shown that in the
process of microwave sintering, the proper addition of alumina could contribute to
formation of forsterite with fine and relatively uniform particle size. It also
promoted the generations of high melting point magnesium aluminate spinel
(MgAl2O4), magnesium iron aluminate spinel (MgFe0.6Al1.4O4), and magnesium aluminum
chromate spinel (MgAl0.5Cr1.5O4) which replaced magnesium chromate spinel (MgCr2O4)
formed during sintering without addition of alumina, eventually improving
refractoriness and other properties of the resulting refractory material. By adding
4 wt % alumina to the mixture of slag and 25 wt % sintered magnesia for sintering
at 1250 degrees C in only 20 min, the resulting refractory material obtained
refractoriness of 1790 degrees C. Compared with that prepared in the absence of
alumina, the refractoriness was increased by 156 degrees C. The method proposed in
this study has good potential in improving valorization of ferronickel slag into
value-added materials, exhibiting both apparent economic and environmental
benefits.
C1 [Tang, Huimin; Peng, Zhiwei; Gu, Foquan; Ye, Lei; Rao, Mingjun; Li, Guanghui;
Jiang, Tao] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Hunan,
Peoples R China.
[Tang, Huimin; Peng, Zhiwei; Gu, Foquan; Ye, Lei; Rao, Mingjun; Li, Guanghui;
Jiang, Tao] Natl Engn Lab High Efficiency Recovery Refractory, Changsha 410083,
[Hwang, Jiann-Yang] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI
49931 USA.
C3 Central South University; Michigan Technological University
RP Peng, ZW (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.; Peng, ZW (corresponding author), Natl
Engn Lab High Efficiency Recovery Refractory, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
RI jiang, tao/GWC-7108-2022; Jiang, Tao/IWM-7503-2023; Rao,
Mingjun/GSD-5794-2022; li, guanghui/JNS-0836-2023
OI Rao, Mingjun/0000-0001-6032-9340;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51774337]; Science and
Technology Planning Project of Hunan Province, China [2019RS2008];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South
University [2018zzts779, 2018zzts220]
Foundation of China under Grant 51774337, the Science and Technology
Planning Project of Hunan Province, China, under Grant 2019RS2008, and
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central
South University under Grants 2018zzts779 and 2018zzts220.
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TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD APR 1
PY 2020
VL 46
IS 5
BP 6828
EP 6837
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.11.176
PG 10
GA KN9WA
UT WOS:000515196800162
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JS
Min, DJ
AF Choi, Joon Sung
Min, Dong Joon
TI Cationic Effect of Ferrous Ions on Sulfide Capacity of
CaO-FetO-Al2O3-SiO2
Slag System
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON REDOX EQUILIBRIA; SILICATE MELTS; STRUCTURAL ROLE; BEHAVIOR;
ALUMINUM; RAMAN; FEO; VISCOSITY; BEARING; OXIDE
AB The cationic effect of ferrous ions on the sulfide capacity of CaO-FetO-Al2O3-
SiO2 slags was studied from the viewpoint of the ionic structure in the slag using
micro-Raman spectroscopy. In the cation-excess region (M2+/2(Fe3+ + Al3+) > 1.0),
the sulfide capacity was directly proportional to the basicity of the slags, owing
to the S2- stabilizing effect of excess cations. However, in the cation-deficient
region (M2+/2(Fe3+ + Al3+) < 1.0), the sulfide capacity was independent of the
basicity of the slags owing to the deficiency of cations required for charge
compensation with Al3+ and Fe3+. The cation-substitution effect on the sulfide
capacity of the CaO-rich slags (FetO/(FetO + CaO < 0.5) exhibited a linear
relationship with the Fe2+ content because Fe2+ had a stronger affinity with S2-
compared to that with Ca2+. However, in the FetO-rich slags (FetO/(FetO + CaO >
0.5), the sulfide capacity decreased with the increase of the Fe2+ content owing to
the Q(n) unit affinity of the Fe2+ ion. The sulfide capacity was determined by the
competition between the Q(n) unit affinity and stability of the S2- ion, depending
on the type of cation. Therefore, the partial covalent bonding between the M2+
cations (M: Ca, Fe) and aluminosilicate affected the ionic interactions with the
S2- ions. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2019.
C1 [Choi, Joon Sung; Min, Dong Joon] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei
Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
RP Choi, JS (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro,
FU Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy [10063488]; Brain Korea 21
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy
under Project No. 10063488. It was also partially funded by Brain Korea
21. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.co.kr) for English
language editing.
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NR 52
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 6
BP 2758
EP 2768
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01699-6
PG 11
Engineering
GA JT4TA
UT WOS:000500982500025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CL
Wang, BB
Zheng, JQ
Li, HX
AF Wu, Chengli
Wang, Beibei
Zheng, Jiuqiang
Li, Hanxu
TI Flux mechanism of compound flux on ash and slag of coal with high ash
melting temperature
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal ash and slag; Compound flux; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;
Transformation of mineral structure; Structure of kaolinite and mullite
AB The melting temperature of Z coal ash was reduced by adding calcium-magnesium
compound flux (W-CaO/W-MgO = 1). In the process of simulated coal gasification, the
coal ash and slag were prepared. The transformation of minerals in coal ash and
slag upon the change of temperature was studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD).
With the increase of temperatures, foisterite in the ash disappears, while the
diffraction peak strength of magnesium spinet increases, and the content of the
calcium feldspar increases, then the content of the amorphous phase in the ash
increases obviously. The species and evolution process of oxygen, silicon,
aluminum, calcium, magnesium at different temperatures were analyzed by X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The decrease of the ash melting point mainly
affects the structural changes of silicon, aluminum and oxygen. The coordination of
aluminum and oxygen in the aluminum element structure, e.g., tetracoordinated
aluminum oxide, was changed. Tetrahedral [AlO4] and hexacoordinated aluminoxy
octahedral [AlO6] change with the temperature changing. The addition of Ca2+ and
Mg2+ destroys silica chain, making bridge oxide silicon change into non-bridge
oxysilicon; and bridge oxygen bond was broken and non-bridge oxygen bond was
produced in the oxygen element structure. The addition of calcium and magnesium
compound flux reacts with aluminum oxide tetrahedron, aluminum oxide octahedron and
silicon tetrahedron to promote the breakage of the bridge oxygen bond. Ca2+ and
Mg2+ are easily combined with silicon oxide and aluminum oxide tetrahedron and
aluminum. Oxygen octahedrons combine with non-oxygen bonds to generate low-melting
temperature feldspars and magnesite minerals, thereby reducing the coal ash melting
temperatures. The structure of kaolinite and mullite was simulated by quantum
chemistry calculation, and kaolinite molecule has a stable structure. (C) 2018 The
Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press
Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wu, Chengli; Wang, Beibei; Zheng, Jiuqiang; Li, Hanxu] Anhui Univ Sci &
Technol, Sch Chem Engn, Huainan 232001, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Science & Technology
RP Wu, CL (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Chem Engn, Huainan
EM chlwu2@163.com
FU Major Science and Technology Special Projects Foundation of Anhui
Province [15czz02045]; Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province
[1508085MB41]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015M571915]
FX Supported partially by the Major Science and Technology Special Projects
Foundation of Anhui Province (15czz02045), the Natural Science
Foundation of Anhui Province (1508085MB41) and the China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation (2015M571915).
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TC 11
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 32
PU CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA NO. 3 HUIXINLI CHAOYANGQU, BEIJING 100029, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1004-9541
EI 2210-321X
J9 CHINESE J CHEM ENG
JI Chin. J. Chem. Eng.
PD MAY
PY 2019
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1200
EP 1206
DI 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.09.006
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA IE2FD
UT WOS:000472199000027
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JY
Cheng, GG
AF Li, Jingyu
Cheng, Guoguang
TI Effect of
CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-TiO2
Slags with Different CaF2 Contents on Inclusions in
Ti-Stabilized 20Cr Stainless Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE CaF2; slag; inclusion; titanium; stainless steel
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION; EVOLUTION MECHANISM;
TITANIUM-OXIDE; THERMODYNAMICS; AL; SPINEL; ALLOY; SI; CLEANLINESS
AB Laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculation for the Al-killed Ti-
stabilized 20Cr stainless steel with several CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-TiO2-CaF2 slags
containing different CaF2 contents were performed to investigate the effect of slag
composition on inclusions in molten steel. The titanium and magnesium contents were
higher in the steel samples reacted with the slag samples containing higher CaF2
contents. The thermodynamic results based on the ion and molecule coexistence
theory (IMCT) also indicated that the log (a(SiO2) / a(TiO2)) ,
log(a(Al2O3)(2)/a(TiO2)(3)) and log(a(Al2O3) /a(MgO)(3)) decrease with the increase
of CaF2 content in slag, which would make the molten steels have higher titanium
and magnesium content. The increase of magnesium content in steel due to the
increase of CaF2 in slag led to the increase of MgO content of inclusions. Due to
the highest CaF2 content in slag, some inclusions in the steel were located in
(liquid + MgO + TiSp) phase field. Reducing the CaF2 content in slag to 5.18 mass%,
the MgO content of inclusions in steel was reduced, which made most of the
inclusions located in or close to liquid oxide phase field. The reasonable CaF2
content in slag was discussed with the consideration of controlling the titanium
content and the formation of inclusions in molten steel.
C1 [Li, Jingyu; Cheng, Guoguang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
RP Cheng, GG (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM chengguoguang@metall.ustb.edu.cn
RI Li, Jingyu/GSD-1924-2022; Li, Jing/GYU-5036-2022; LI, Jing/HNB-5575-2023
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51374020]; State Key
Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy at University of Science and
Technology Beijing (USTB)
FX The authors gratefully express their appreciation to National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51374020) and the State Key
Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy at University of Science and
Technology Beijing (USTB) for supporting this work.
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Z9 13
U1 1
U2 15
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 11
BP 2013
EP 2023
PG 11
GA JS9UM
UT WOS:000500644700011
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Murthy, IN
Rao, JB
Rao, J. Babu
TI Evaluation of the microstructure, secondary dendrite arm spacing, and
mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy castings made in sand and Fe-Cr
slag molds
LA English
DT Article
DE silica sand; ferrochrome slag; alloy castings; secondary dendrite arm
spacing; mechanical properties
ID FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM CASTINGS; TENSILE
AB The microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast A356 (Al-Si) alloy
castings were investigated. A356 alloy was cast into three different molds composed
of sand, ferrochrome (Fe-Cr) slag, and a mixture of sand and Fe-Cr. A sodium
silicate-CO2 process was used to make the necessary molds. Cylindrical-shaped
castings were prepared. Cast products with no porosity and a good surface finish
were achieved in all of the molds. These castings were evaluated for their
metallography, secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS), and mechanical properties,
including hardness, compression, tensile, and impact properties. Furthermore, the
tensile and impact samples were analyzed by fractography. The results show that
faster heat transfer in the Fe-Cr slag molds than in either the silica sand or
mixed molds led to lower SDAS values with a refined microstructure in the products
cast in Fe-Cr slag molds. Consistent and enhanced mechanical properties were
observed in the slag mold products than in the castings obtained from either sand
or mixed molds. The fracture surface of the slag mold castings shows a dimple
fracture morphology with a transgranular fracture nature. However, the fracture
surfaces of the sand mold castings display brittle fracture. In conclusion,
products cast in Fe-Cr slag molds exhibit an improved surface finish and enhanced
mechanical properties compared to those of products cast in sand and mixed molds.
530003, Andhra Prades, India.
RP Rao, JB (corresponding author), Andhra Univ, Dept Met Engn, Visakhapatnam
OI INAMPUDI, NARASIMHA MURTHY/0000-0003-4726-9392
FU DST-Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India [FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13]; Advance
Analytical laboratory, Andhra University, India
FX Authors would thank the DST-Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India for their
financial support (Grant Ref No. FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13). Thanks to
Advance Analytical laboratory, Andhra University, India for the support
in SEM-EDS studies. Special thanks to M/s. Jindal Steel & Ferro Alloys
Ltd. Kothavalasa, Visakhapatnam, India for the supply of Ferro chrome
slag for this study.
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BP 784
EP 793
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PG 10
Mineral Processing
GA EZ5OT
UT WOS:000404767600007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Q
Yan, HG
Ren, N
Li, BK
AF Wang, Qiang
Yan, Hongguang
Ren, Neng
Li, Baokuan
TI Effect of current on solute transport in electroslag remelting dual
alloy ingot
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Electroslag remelting; Dual alloy ingot; Heat transfer;
Macrosegregation; Solidification
ID MACRO SEGREGATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; MACROSEGREGATION; PARAMETERS; FIELD;
MODEL
AB The influence of current on species transport in electroslag remelting (ESR)
dual alloy ingot was experimentally studied. In order to produce a dual alloy
ingot, an electrode, constituted by a CrMoV alloy bar and a NiCrMoV alloy bar, was
remelted by ESR furnace. The current ranged from 1500 A to 2100 A. Distributions of
Ni mass fraction along the radius, the center-line and the midradius-line of the
ingot were measured. The results indicate that the slag temperature and melt rate
increase with a higher current, and the metal pool gets deeper. Ni is easier to
flow downward to the pool bottom along the steeper solidification front, which
tends to increase the macrosegregation. The transition zone width reduces with the
increasing of the current, and the decreasing amplitude of the transition zone
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C1 [Wang, Qiang; Ren, Neng; Li, Baokuan] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
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China.
RP Li, BK (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
EM libk@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Ren, Neng/0000-0002-5085-3541
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PI OXFORD
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD MAY 25
PY 2016
VL 101
BP 564
EP 567
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.102
PG 4
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA DR0ZU
UT WOS:000379636500054
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Selyanin, IF
Deev, VB
Kukharenko, AV
AF Selyanin, I. F.
Deev, V. B.
Kukharenko, A. V.
TI Resource-saving and environment-saving production technologies of
secondary aluminum alloys
SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF NON-FERROUS METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; slag; technology; processing; secondary aluminum feedstock;
secondary silumins; salt-free technology
AB The main directions of resource-saving and environment-saving fabrication
technologies of secondary aluminum alloys in modern industrial conditions are
considered. The types of feedstocks and applied smelting aggregates are analyzed,
and promising ways to further improve this production process are shown. It is
revealed that the traditional processing method of secondary aluminum feedstock,
which is widely used in practice, is thermal treatment in a medium of molten
chloride salts. Salt-free technologies of processing aluminum dross, which are
based on the separation of metal and oxides by the mechanical effect on them under
conditions of high temperatures in the medium of the furnace atmosphere or
collector metal, are proposed. Their advantages over the widespread salt technology
are considered: materials applied to treat the melt are substantially less
expensive than alkali metal chlorides; dump slags are environmentally pure; and the
process has high productivity since it is performed in one metallurgical aggregate,
which excludes the necessity of cleaning the walls and bottom part in it. The
examples of implementing the salt-free processing technologies of aluminum
feedstock under consideration under conditions of several Russian metallurgical
enterprises are shown.
C1 [Selyanin, I. F.] Siberian State Ind Univ, Novokuznetsk 654007, Russia.
[Kukharenko, A. V.] OOO RUSAL ITTs, Novokuznetsk 654000, Russia.
[Deev, V. B.] Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia.
C3 National University of Science & Technology (MISIS)
RP Selyanin, IF (corresponding author), Siberian State Ind Univ, Ul Kirova 42,
Novokuznetsk 654007, Russia.
EM kafedra_lp@mail.ru; deev.vb@mail.ru; Andrey.Kukharenko@rusal.com
RI Deev, Vladislav/G-9829-2015
OI Deev, Vladislav/0000-0002-8349-8072; Selyanin, Ivan/0000-0003-4006-5063
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NR 32
TC 11
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 25
PI NEW YORK
PA 18 WEST 27TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 1067-8212
EI 1934-970X
J9 RUSS J NON-FERR MET+
JI Russ. J. Non-Ferrous Metals
PD MAY
PY 2015
VL 56
IS 3
BP 272
EP 276
DI 10.3103/S1067821215030189
PG 5
GA CM5SB
UT WOS:000357747800007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Murakami, T
Akagi, T
Kasai, E
AF Murakami, Taichi
Akagi, Takuma
Kasai, Eiki
BE Rabiei, A
TI Development of porous iron based material by slag foaming and its
reduction
SO 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POROUS METALS AND METALLIC FOAMS
SE Procedia Materials Science
LA English
CT 8th International Conference on Porous Metals and Metallic Foams
CY JUN 23-26, 2013
CL Raleigh, NC
DE Slag foaming; Porous iron; Reduction; Composite material; Foaming agent
AB Metal foams have potential for variety of applications such as ultra-light
weight structural components, heat insulations and energy absorber. Commercially
available metal foams are made mostly by aluminum alloys, which are manufactured
using titanium hydride as a foaming agent. Iron based metal foam has several
advantages over aluminum alloy foam such as high strength, high energy
absorbability and low cost. However, it is hard to manufacture iron foam using
conventional foaming agents because of a significant difference between their
decomposition temperatures and melting point of iron. Further, even if good foaming
agent can be utilized, it is also difficult to obtain iron foam with high porosity.
In this study, therefore, new manufacturing method of porous iron by foaming of
molten oxide and reduction of foamed oxide was studied. This foaming phenomenon is
very famous in the field of steel making, while it should be suppressed.
The tablet of Fe, Fe2O3, Al2O3, and CaCO3 was heated rapidly in the crucible to
foam the molten oxide by carbon dioxide generated from carbonate in the inert
atmosphere. The target oxide system is FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-Al2O3. The time, at which
maximum porosity was obtained, became longer with decreasing the foaming
temperature. This is because the decomposition rate of CO2 from CaCO3, which is
foaming agent of this method, decreases with decreasing temperature. Maximum
porosity of the oxide was approximately 57% at 1350 degrees C, and the pore shape
obtained in this study was spherical. After reduction of the iron oxide in the
obtained foam to the reduction degree of 95%, the composite material of metallic
iron, oxide, and pore was obtained with higher porosity than this oxide. (C) 2014
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Murakami, Taichi; Akagi, Takuma; Kasai, Eiki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Environm
Studies, Aoba Ku, 6-6-02 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
RP Murakami, T (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Aoba
Ku, 6-6-02 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579, Japan.
EM taichi@material.tohoku.ac.jp
RI KASAI, EIKI/AAC-3669-2019
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NR 8
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 4
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2211-8128
J9 PROC MAT SCI
PY 2014
VL 4
BP 27
EP 32
DI 10.1016/j.mspro.2014.07.585
PG 6
GA BG9OB
UT WOS:000393471700005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU You, J
Wang, YW
Feng, NX
Yang, MS
AF You Jing
Wang Yao-wu
Feng Nai-xiang
Yang Ming-sheng
TI Preparation of casting alloy ZL101 with coarse aluminum-silicon alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE coarse Al-Si alloy; casting Al-Si alloy; flux refining; removing iron
AB The coarse Al-Si alloy produced by carbothermal reduction of aluminous ore
contains 55% Al, 25% Si and some impurities. The main impurities are slag and iron.
The process of manufacturing casting Al-Si alloy ZL101 with the coarse Al-Si alloy
was studied. The phase constitution and microstructure of the coarse Al-Si alloy,
slag and ZL101 were examined by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron
microscopy. The results show that the content of silicon and iron in the casting
alloy reduces with the increase of the dosage of purificant and manganese, but
increases with the rise of filtering temperature. It is found that casting Al-Si
alloy conforming to industrial standard can be produced after refining by using
purificant, and removing iron by using manganese and added magnesium.
C1 [You Jing; Wang Yao-wu; Feng Nai-xiang] Northeastern Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Met,
Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China.
[Yang Ming-sheng] Dengfeng Elect Grp Aluminum Alloy Corp, Dengfeng 450013,
Peoples R China.
RP You, J (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Met, Shenyang
EM wangyw113@163.com
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TC 11
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U1 3
U2 18
PI NEW YORK
SN 1003-6326
PD FEB
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 1
BP 116
EP 120
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(08)60021-7
PG 5
GA 263PP
UT WOS:000253229300021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hall, AC
Economy, J
AF Hall, AC
Economy, J
TI Preparing high-and low-aspect ratio AIB2 flakes from borax or
boron oxide
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPOSITES
AB The commercial preparation of aluminum-diboride flakes in aluminum relies on
relatively expensive starting materials. A new synthesis has been developed that
allows AlB2 to be prepared directly from the reaction of borax (Na2B4O7. 10H(2)O)
or boron oxide (B2O3) with aluminum. Aluminum metal at temperatures higher than 900
degrees C has been shown to reduce these boron-containing compounds, producing an
Al2O3-containing slag and AlB2. A natural separation occurs, leaving AlB2 in the
molten aluminum and Al2O3 as part of a slag that forms at the melt surface. Samples
containing up to 10 vol.% AlB2 in an aluminum matrix have been directly prepared
using this method.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
C3 University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1047-4838
PD FEB
PY 2000
VL 52
IS 2
BP 42
EP 44
DI 10.1007/s11837-000-0046-8
PG 3
GA 285KV
UT WOS:000085389000005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Anawati, J
Azimi, G
AF Anawati, John
Azimi, Gisele
TI Integrated carbothermic smelting - Acid baking - Water leaching process
for extraction of scandium, aluminum, and iron from bauxite residue
LA English
DT Article
DE Bauxite residue; Carbothermic smelting; Acid baking; Water leaching;
Thermal desulfation; Closed-loop process
ID RED MUD; RARE-EARTHS; RECOVERY; REDUCTION; DECOMPOSITION; BEHAVIOR;
SLAGS; TECHNOLOGIES; SEPARATION; METALS
AB A closed-loop valorization process, combining carbothermic smelting and acid
baking - water leaching was developed to recover scandium, aluminum, and iron from
bauxite residue, a major side product of aluminum production. This process employs
carbothermic smelting to recover 99% of the iron in the starting residue as crude
metallic iron, which can be separated from slag that contains aluminum and
scandium. Composition of slag was found to be primarily dependent on the smelting
temperature and amount of smelting flux added. At high smelting temperatures (1600
degrees C), sodium was found to evaporate from slag, potentially enabling sodium
separation and recovery. The slag was treated by acid baking - water leaching, to
convert scandium and aluminum to soluble sulfate species, allowing recovery. The
single-pass acid baking - water leaching was optimized to achieve 99% scandium and
47% aluminum extraction by employing sulfuric acid at a ratio of 1.25 g(H2SO4)/g,
baking at 150 degrees C for 2 h, and water leaching at ratio of 7.5 mL(H2O)/g for
210 min. The production of solid leaching residue was avoided by employing thermal
desulfation at 1400 degrees C to remove 84% of leaching residue sulfur content
thereby potentially allowing regeneration of sulfuric acid for acid baking and
producing a recycled smelting flux that would reduce reagent consumption and would
allow recapturing the scandium and aluminum not recovered during leaching. This
closed-loop process enables efficient and sustainable recovery of scandium, iron,
and aluminum from bauxite residue, and constitutes first steps in an integrated
process for sustainable valorization of bauxite residue, supporting efforts to
develop a zero-waste economy.
C1 [Anawati, John; Azimi, Gisele] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Lab
Strateg Mat, 200 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.
[Azimi, Gisele] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 184 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S
3E4, Canada.
C3 University of Toronto; University of Toronto
RP Azimi, G (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Lab
EM g.azimi@utoronto.ca
OI Anawati, John/0000-0002-3550-5004
FU Rio Tinto [507623]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (NSERC) [507688]
FX & nbsp;The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Rio
Tinto (No. 507623) and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada (NSERC) (No. 507688) . Also, Rio Tinto is gratefully
acknowledged for providing us with bauxite residue samples and for
technical support. We thank Mr. Luc Fortin, Mr. Simon Bergeron, and Dr.
Sebastien Fortin from Rio Tinto for their collaboration throughout the
project and for carefully reading and commenting on the manuscript. We
thank Mr. Brohath Amrithraj for assisting with the some of the
ex-periments. We thank Dr. Jihye Kim for help with EPMA, Mr. Sal Boccia
for help with SEM-EDS, and Dr. Raiden Acosta for help with XRD and
Alkali Fusion.
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TC 10
Z9 10
U1 7
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JAN 1
PY 2022
VL 330
AR 129905
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129905
PG 15
& Ecology
GA 0G6TE
UT WOS:000778174300004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JJ
Zhang, LF
Wen, TJ
Ren, Y
Yang, W
AF Wang, Jujin
Zhang, Lifeng
Wen, Tianjie
Ren, Ying
Yang, Wen
TI Kinetic Prediction for the Composition of Inclusions in the Molten Steel
During the Electroslag Remelting
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBURIZED BEARING STEEL; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; SLAG COMPOSITION;
OXIDATION-KINETICS; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; EVOLUTION; REMOVAL; SULFUR;
OXYGEN; METAL
AB A mathematical model coupled with the penetration theory, the ion and molecule
coexistence theory, and thermodynamic equilibrium was proposed for predicting the
composition evolution of inclusions in the molten steel during the electroslag
remelting process. The model was used to evaluate the transformation of composition
of inclusions in a plain carbon steel and the mechanism of the transformation of
inclusions was accurately revealed, which was mainly the mass transfer of aluminum
through steel/slag reactions. The rate of the transformation of inclusions
composition was the lowest in the metal pool, while that in the slag pool was the
fastest which was due to the acceleration of reactions by higher temperature and
faster fluid flow. Inclusions with smaller diameter had faster transformation rate,
but had less content of Al2O3 in the final composition. The size of droplet showed
little influence on the transformation of composition of inclusions. When the
content of Al2O3 in the slag increased from 20 to 50 wt pct, the calculated content
of Al2O3 in the final inclusions increased from 79 to 90 wt pct, approximately. The
low content of Al2O3 in the slag was beneficial to the removal of aluminum in the
steel, while the high content of Al2O3 in the slag increased the content of total
aluminum in the steel.
C1 [Wang, Jujin; Wen, Tianjie; Ren, Ying; Yang, Wen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing
USTB, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lifeng] Yanshan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci &
Technol, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Yanshan University
RP Yang, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Yanshan
Univ, Sch Mech Engn, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, Qinhuangdao
066004, Hebei, Peoples R China.
EM zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn; wenyang@ustb.edu.cn
OI Wang, Jujin/0000-0001-8849-8592
FU National Natural Science Foundation China [U1860206, 51725402, 51874031,
51874032]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[FRF-TP-19-037A2Z, FRF-BD-20-04A]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
University; Beijing International Center of Advanced and Intelligent
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials (ICSM) at University of
Science and Technology Beijing, China; High Quality Steel Consortium
(HQSC) at University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
FX The authors are grateful for support from the National Natural Science
Foundation China (Grant Nos. U1860206, 51725402, 51874031, 51874032),
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos.
FRF-TP-19-037A2Z, FRF-BD-20-04A), the High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
University, and Beijing International Center of Advanced and Intelligent
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials (ICSM), and the High
Quality Steel Consortium (HQSC) at University of Science and Technology
Beijing, China.
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Xu A., STEEL RES INT
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 3
BP 1521
EP 1531
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02120-x
EA MAR 2021
PG 11
Engineering
GA SA1OJ
UT WOS:000634657000005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Heo, JH
Kim, TS
Sahajwalla, V
Park, JH
AF Heo, Jung Ho
Kim, Tae Sung
Sahajwalla, Veena
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Observations of FeO Reduction in Electric Arc Furnace Slag by Aluminum
Black Dross: Effect of CaO Fluxing on Slag Morphology
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; RAW-MATERIAL; EAF SLAG; WASTE; RECOVERY;
BEHAVIOR; SPINEL; ALLOY; COKE
AB The effect of CaO fluxing on slag morphology was investigated during the
reduction of FeO in electric arc furnace slag by aluminum black dross (ABD). Macro-
and microscopic observations, by evaluating entrapped gas bubbles and reduced iron
droplets related to gas evolution, apparent slag morphologies, and vertical section
of slag at different initial CaO contents and reaction times, confirmed that both
aluminothermic (dominant reaction) and carbothermic (minor) reduction occurred.
Thus, the production of CO(+CO2) gas caused swelling-shrinking phenomena with
repeated expansion and collapse of the slag pellet. In addition, macroscopic
observation of slag morphologies as a function of the initial CaO content is well
associated with quantitative consideration of the apparent viscosity as well as
spinel ([Mg,Fe]Al2O4) activity. Consequently, appropriate CaO fluxing is necessary
to control the composition of highly fluid slag by changing the slag from a high-
alumina system to calcium-aluminosilicate melts when utilizing ABD as a reducing
agent.
C1 [Heo, Jung Ho] LS Nikko Copper Inc, Ctr Res & Dev, Ulsan 44997, South Korea.
[Kim, Tae Sung; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
[Sahajwalla, Veena] Univ New South Wales, Ctr Sustainable Mat Res & Technol
SMaRT, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Sweden.
C3 Hanyang University; University of New South Wales Sydney; Royal
Institute of Technology
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 15588, South
Korea.
OI Heo, Jungho/0000-0001-6674-7279
FU Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10063056];
Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) -
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea [20172010106310];
Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10063056,
20172010106310] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology
(NTIS)
FX The authors express many thanks to the UNSW Study Abroad Research
Practicum Program for JUNG HO HEO's study at the Centre for SMaRT, UNSW.
Also, this work was partly supported by the Korea Evaluation Institute
of Industrial Technology (KEIT, with Grant No. 10063056) and Korea
Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP, with
Grant No. 20172010106310), funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry &
Energy (MOTIE), Korea.
CR Bernardo G, 2007, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V52, P95, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2007.02.004
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2916.2004.00496.x
Kim HS, 2015, WASTE MANAGE, V41, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.03.019
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Maroufi S, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P2316, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-1020-y
Muhmood L, 2009, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V39, P102, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2008.11.002
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 3
BP 1201
EP 1210
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01840-w
EA APR 2020
PG 10
Engineering
GA LO5SP
UT WOS:000527004000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, D
Wang, DY
Qu, TP
Tian, J
Wang, HH
AF Hou, Dong
Wang, De-Yong
Qu, Tian-Peng
Tian, Jun
Wang, Hui-Hua
TI Kinetic Study on Alloying Element Transfer During an Electroslag
Remelting Process
LA English
DT Article
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; SLAG COMPOSITION; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM; MODEL;
INCLUSIONS; EVOLUTION; MICROSTRUCTURE; THERMODYNAMICS; TRANSFORMATION
AB Experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to investigate the
effects of slag on the alloying elements in ingots during the electroslag remelting
(ESR) process with a focus on developing a mass-transfer model to understand the
mechanism of slag-metal reaction. Stainless steel 1Cr21Ni5Ti was used as the
electrode and remelted with two different kinds of slags using a 50-kg ESR furnace.
The contents of sulfur, aluminum, titanium and silicon along the axial direction of
the produced ingots were analyzed. On the basis of the penetration and film
theories, the theoretical model developed in this work elucidates the kinetics of
the slag-metal reaction revealing the mechanism of alloying element transfer during
the ESR process. The calculation results obtained from the model agree well with
the experimental results. The model indicates that the resultant [O] coming from
the desulfurization reaction of (O2-)+[S]=(S2-)+[O] causes the oxidation of
alloying elements in steel by [M]+[O]=(MO). The distribution ratio of sulfur L-S
decreases with the increase of slag temperature in the first slag-temperature-
rising period, and the concentration of sulfur in the ingot at the beginning of the
ESR process is lower than in the rest of the process because of the combination of
the large distribution ratio of sulfur L-S and excellent kinetic conditions. The
concentration of aluminum along the height of the ingot has an increasing trend in
the first slag-temperature-rising period, while it has a decreasing trend in the
rest of the process. Two methods can solve this problem: one is starting up the ESR
furnace by high temperature molten slag technology and the other is continually
adding extra titania into the molten slag in the first slag-temperature-rising
period. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2019.
C1 [Hou, Dong; Wang, De-Yong; Qu, Tian-Peng; Tian, Jun; Wang, Hui-Hua] Soochow
Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Soochow University - China
RP Qu, TP; Wang, HH (corresponding author), Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou
EM qutianpeng@suda.edu.cn; hhwang@suda.edu.cn
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51674172, 51804205,
51874203]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [7131704818]; Jiangsu
Science and Technology Foundation [18KJB450002]
FX This project is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of
China with Grant Nos. 51674172, 51804205 and 51874203. This project is
also supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation with grant
no. 7131704818 and Jiangsu Science and Technology Foundation with Grant
No. 18KJB450002.
Duan S. C., 2018, SCI REP, V8, P1
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NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 6
BP 3088
EP 3102
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01690-1
PG 15
Engineering
GA JT4TA
UT WOS:000500982500051
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, TJ
Choi, JS
Min, DJ
AF Park, Tae Jun
Choi, Joon Sung
Min, Dong Joon
TI Investigation of the Effects of Al2O3 Content and
Cooling Rate on Crystallization in
Fe2O3-CaO-Al2O3 System Using
In Situ Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; calcium aluminate; confocal laser scanning microscopy;
crystallization; hematite; sinter
ID IRON-ORE SINTER; STEELMAKING SLAGS; SILICO-FERRITES; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR;
CALCIUM; FURNACE
AB Sinter is a major Fe source, that is, used extensively in blast furnace
processes worldwide. The chemical and physical properties of sinter are crucial
factors that affect the operating stability of blast furnaces. The quality of
sinter is largely determined by the phase fraction of the silico-ferrite of calcium
and aluminum (SFCA), which is a low-melting-point bonding phase formed during
sintering. Calcium ferrite (CF)-containing alumina is known to be the structural
basis for SFCA and SFCA-1, and provides basic information regarding the influence
of Al2O3 on the formation of CF solid solutions. In this work, experiments are
conducted to investigate the crystallization behaviors of an Fe2O3-CaO-Al2O3 system
based on its Al2O3 content and cooling rate. The effects of Al2O3 additions are
used to analyze changes in the phase formation temperature, phase ratio, and rate
of decrease by using an in situ confocal laser-scanning microscope, optical
microscope, electron probe micro analyzer, and horizontal tube furnace. The
temperatures at which the primary phase forms for various Al2O3 contents and
cooling rates differ from the equilibrium temperatures, and the phase-formation
temperature ranges vary with the cooling rate.
C1 [Park, Tae Jun; Choi, Joon Sung; Min, Dong Joon] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
RP Min, DJ (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro,
OI Park, Tae Jun/0000-0002-5830-1039; Min, Dong Joon/0000-0003-3091-2038;
Choi, Joon Sung/0000-0002-8560-1598
FU Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Ministry
of Trade, Industry, and Energy of the Republic of Korea [20172010106300]
FX This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning, and the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy
of the Republic of Korea (No. 20172010106300).
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z
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10.1007/s12613-011-0415-z]
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 23
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JUL
PY 2019
VL 90
IS 7
AR 1900001
DI 10.1002/srin.201900001
PG 8
GA IH3BQ
UT WOS:000474368700005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Paranthaman, P
Gopal, PM
Kumar, NS
AF Paranthaman, P.
Gopal, P. M.
Kumar, N. Sathiesh
BE Hiremath, SS
Shanmugam, NS
Bapu, BRR
TI Characterization of Economical Aluminium MMC Reinforced with Weld Slag
Particles
SO ADVANCES IN MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
SE Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
LA English
CT International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing Technology (ICAMT)
CY NOV 14-15, 2018
CL Venice, ITALY
DE Composite; Weld slag; Stir casting; Tensile strength; Compressive
strength
ID WEAR; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; GLASS; DUST
AB Rapid advancement in technology forces the researchers to search for advanced
materials with higher performance like composites. The composites are known for
their bettermechanical properties and less weight, but the cost is the major factor
that hinders the wider application of these materials. In this study, welding slag
is reused as reinforcement to produce economical metal matrix composites, because
slag is produced in enormous amount during welding of materials which causes
pollution. The aluminium alloy (Al 6063) is used as base material. Weld slag of
different weight proportions (0, 5 10 and 15 wt%) is mixed with Al 6063 through
stir casting process, and samples are taken for investigation. The mechanical
properties of the composites like tensile strength, compression strength and its
wear behaviour are analysed. And also, the microstructure of the MMC is analyzed
through optical microscope (OM) to determine the weld slag distribution in
aluminium matrix material. The observed result indicates that the addition of weld
slag particles with aluminium increases the mechanical properties. The composite
having 15% of welding slag exhibits the best tensile and wear resistance.
C1 [Paranthaman, P.; Gopal, P. M.; Kumar, N. Sathiesh] Karpagam Acad Higher Educ,
Dept Mech Engn, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India.
C3 Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (KAHE)
RP Paranthaman, P (corresponding author), Karpagam Acad Higher Educ, Dept Mech
Engn, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM paranth.ponnusamy@gmail.com
RI N, sathiesh kumar/AAC-7725-2020; PONNUSAMY, PARANTHAMAN/AAC-7750-2020;
P.M, Gopal/AAA-6565-2019; PM, Gopal/B-8877-2019
OI N, sathiesh kumar/0000-0001-9717-8371; PONNUSAMY,
PARANTHAMAN/0000-0001-5307-4028; PM, Gopal/0000-0002-0243-9303
CR [Anonymous], 2018, J KING SAUD U ENG SC, DOI [10.1016/J.JKSUES.2016.01.001, DOI
10.1016/J.JKSUES.2016.01.001]
Ashori A, 2008, BIORESOURCE TECHNOL, V99, P4661, DOI
10.1016/j.biortech.2007.09.043
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Gopal PM, 2017, TRIBOL INT, V116, P338, DOI 10.1016/j.triboint.2017.07.025
Hariprasad T, 2014, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V97, P925, DOI
10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.368
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Prakash Kumarasamy Soorya, 2017, J. appl. res. technol, V15, P430, DOI
10.1016/j.jart.2017.05.005
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6326(15)64036-5
Singh S, 2017, MATER TODAY-PROC, V4, P10148, DOI 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.06.338
NR 10
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 2195-4356
BN 978-981-13-6374-0; 978-981-13-6373-3
J9 LECT N MECH ENG
PY 2019
BP 9
EP 16
DI 10.1007/978-981-13-6374-0_2
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA BO0JJ
UT WOS:000491310900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Ramaswamy, P
Gomes, SA
Ravichander, NP
AF Ramaswamy, Parvati
Gomes, Sylvester Avijit
Ravichander, Nitin Paul
BE Rao, CSP
Basavarajappa, S
TI Utilization of aluminum dross: Refractories from industrial waste
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING
APPLICATIONS (ICONAMMA-2018)
SE IOP Conference Series-Materials Science and Engineering
LA English
CT International Conference on Advances in Materials and Manufacturing
Applications (IConAMMA)
CY AUG 16-18, 2018
CL Bengaluru, INDIA
DE Aluminium dross; refractories; synthesis; AlN removal
AB Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and Magnesium-Aluminum oxides (MgAl2O4) are well known
refractory materials used in engineering industries. They are built to withstand
high temperatures and possess low thermal conductivities for greater energy
efficiency. Dross, a product/byproduct of slag generated in aluminum metal
production process is normally comprised of these two oxides in addition to
aluminum nitride (AlN). Worldwide, thousands of tons of aluminum dross are
generated as industrial wastes and are disposed of in landfills causing serious
environmental hazard. This paper explores the potential to synergize the
characteristics of the favourable contents of aluminum dross and its availability
(in tons) via synthesis of refractories and thereby develop a value added product
useful for the modern industries. In this work, Al-dross as-received from an
aluminum industry which comprised of predominantly Al2O3, MgAl2O4 and AlN, was used
to develop the refractories. AlN possesses high thermal conductivity values and
therefore was leached out of the dross to protect the performance of the developed
refractory. The washed dross was calcined at 700 degrees and 1000 degrees C to
facilitate gradual elimination of the undesired phases and finally sintered at 1500
degrees C. The dross refractory pellets were subjected to thermo-physical and
structural properties analysis: XRD (structural phase), SEM (Microstructure), EDS
(chemical constituents) and thermal shock cycling test by dipping in molten
aluminum and exposing to ambient (laboratory). The findings include the favourable
prospects of using aluminum dross as refractories in metal casting industries.
C1 [Ramaswamy, Parvati; Gomes, Sylvester Avijit; Ravichander, Nitin Paul] CHRIST
Deemed Univ, Dept Mech & Automobile Engn, Fac Engn, Kengeri Campus, Bangalore
560074, Karnataka, India.
C3 Christ University
RP Ramaswamy, P (corresponding author), CHRIST Deemed Univ, Dept Mech & Automobile
Engn, Fac Engn, Kengeri Campus, Bangalore 560074, Karnataka, India.
EM parvati.ramaswamy@christuniversity.in
FU Centre for Research, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) [MRP ENG 1795]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support received from
the Centre for Research, CHRIST (Deemed to be University) (Grant No. MRP
ENG 1795) to carry out this work.
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NR 17
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 18
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PY 2019
VL 577
AR 012101
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/577/1/012101
PG 10
GA BP7IZ
UT WOS:000562320400101
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Peng, H
Shan, XK
Ling, X
Wang, DX
Li, J
AF Peng, Hao
Shan, Xuekun
Ling, Xiang
Wang, Dongxiang
Li, Juan
TI Analogue experimental investigation on ligament granulation of molten
slag in various rotary disk configurations for waste energy recovery
SO RESULTS IN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Rotary disk; Molten slag; Ligament; Disk configuration; Particle size;
Fiber fraction
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; HEAT-RECOVERY; DRY GRANULATION; PARTICLE-SIZE;
LIQUID; STORAGE; PERFORMANCE; ATOMIZATION; CEMENT
AB Rotary disk centrifugal granulation is one of the most promising methods for
molten slag recovery with lower power consumption, compact and coupling with a
variety of waste heat devices easily. In this paper, high temperature analogue
experiments were performed by four types of disks with molten aluminum as the
working fluid. The particles characteristics which include particles size
distribution, particles mean size and fiber mass fraction were studied. The results
show that the majority of the particles size is populated in the range of 2.0 mm
similar to 4.0 mm for all the omega and Q. Both theoretic and experimental analyses
indicate that the omega has more impact on particles size than Q. The particles
produced by curved-block disk and arc-edge disk configurations are more
concentrated than the other two types of disks. Besides, the mean size of particles
generated by curved-block disk is smaller. A simple correlation of d(m) for four
types of disks is proposed, which agrees well with the experimental data (R-2 =
0.9172). Meanwhile, when the Q is relative low, a lower. can contribute to the
reduction of produced fiber. The main conclusions drawn from this work will be
helpful for future development of the high-temperature molten slag dry granulation
systems.
C1 [Peng, Hao; Shan, Xuekun; Ling, Xiang; Wang, Dongxiang] Nanjing Tech Univ,
Jiangsu Key Lab Proc Enhancement & New Energy Equ, Sch Mech & Power Engn, 30 Pu Zhu
South Rd, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Dongxiang] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, 1800 Li Hu Rd, Wuxi 214122,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Juan] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, 159 Long Pan Rd,
Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing Tech University; Jiangnan University; Nanjing Forestry
University
RP Peng, H; Ling, X (corresponding author), Nanjing Tech Univ, Jiangsu Key Lab Proc
Enhancement & New Energy Equ, Sch Mech & Power Engn, 30 Pu Zhu South Rd, Nanjing
EM phsight1@hotmail.com; xling@njtech.edu.cn
RI Wang, Dongxiang/G-9216-2012; Peng, Hao/A-8634-2012
OI Wang, Dongxiang/0000-0002-0473-9297; Li, Juan/0000-0002-7792-2244
FU Major Collegiate Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province [15KJA480001]; National Natural Science Foundations of China
[51776095, 51506098]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
[BK20151539]; Young Science Leaders Project of Jiangsu Province
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Major
Collegiate Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
(Grant No. 15KJA480001), National Natural Science Foundations of China
(Grant No. 51776095, 51506098), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province (Grant No. BK20151539) and Young Science Leaders Project of
Jiangsu Province.
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NR 48
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2211-3797
J9 RESULTS PHYS
JI Results Phys.
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 11
BP 385
EP 393
DI 10.1016/j.rinp.2018.09.037
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Multidisciplinary
GA HF1ZF
UT WOS:000454026000057
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, N
Guo, XM
Saito, N
Nakashima, K
Zhao, JT
AF Yang, Nan
Guo, Xing-Min
Saito, Noritaka
Nakashima, Kunihiko
Zhao, Jie-Ting
TI Effect of MgO on Formation and Crystallization Behaviors of Calcium
Ferrite during Heating and Cooling Processes
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium ferrite; magnesia; reaction behavior; bonding phase
ID IRON-ORE SINTER; SILICO-FERRITE; SOLID-SOLUTION; PHASE EQUILIBRIA;
ALUMINUM SFCA; RAW-MATERIAL; OPTIMIZATION; STABILITY; PROPERTY; AIR
AB MgO is one of essential component in blast furnace slag for improving the
fluidity and desulfurization. Generally it is added via sintering process. It has
been also proved in practice that the addition of MgO affects the quality of sinter
significantly. However, the effect of MgO on formation and crystallization
behaviors of calcium ferrite in sintering had been scarcely discussed. In this
work, the crystalline products in CaO-Fe2O3 system with different content of MgO
were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In order to follow the reactions during
heating and cooling, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was also conducted. It
was found that addition of MgO restrained the formation of CaFe2O4 leading to the
decrease in content of original melt during sintering process. The contents of
Ca2Fe2O5 and solid solution of magnetite (magnetite s.$) were increased and the
crystallization of Ca2Fe2O5 was also promoted with increasing MgO. Compared with
forming Ca2Fe2O5, addition of MgO facilitated to form magnetite s.s. Content of
initial liquid phase was decreased with increasing MgO, whereas new liquid phase
was generated at 1 609 K when the content of MgO exceeded 7 mass%, due to the
reaction between Ca2Fe2O5 and magnetite.
C1 [Yang, Nan; Guo, Xing-Min; Zhao, Jie-Ting] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
[Saito, Noritaka; Nakashima, Kunihiko] Kyushu Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nishi
Ku, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Kyushu University
RP Guo, XM (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM guoxm@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1460201, 51374017,
51774029]
FX The authors would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation
of China for providing financial supports (U1460201, 51374017 and
51774029). Department of Material and Engineering in Kyushu University
are also acknowledged for their support in the software of Factsage 7.
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NR 35
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 16
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2018
VL 58
IS 8
BP 1406
EP 1412
PG 7
GA GR8MF
UT WOS:000442977300005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, GH
Zhen, YL
Chou, KC
AF Zhang, Guo-hua
Zhen, Yu-lan
Chou, Kuo-chih
TI Viscosity and Structure Changes of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaF2 Melts
with Substituting Al2 O3 for SiO2
LA English
DT Article
DE high aluminum steel; CaO-SiO2-Al-2 O-3-CaF2; viscosity; Raman spectrum;
mould flux
ID SILICATE-GLASSES; AL2O3/SIO2 RATIO; SLAGS; SYSTEM; CAO-CAF2-SIO2; CAF2
AB During the smelting process of the high Al steels, the reaction between SiO2 in
molten slag and dissolved aluminum in liquid steel always takes place. This
aluminathermic reduction reaction will lead to the substitution of 1 mol SiO2 for
2/3 mol Al2O2. Therefore, the investigations about the influence of the ratio of
Al2O2 to SiO2 on viscosity and structure changes of mould flux during this process
arc very necessary. The viscosity variation of CaO-SiO2Al2O3-CaF2 melts was studied
by changing compositions considering the aluminathermic reduction reaction. It was
found that viscosity increased monotonously with gradually increasing the
substitution extent. According to the Raman analysis, the substitution of Ale O-3
for SiO2 leads to the decrease of non-bridging oxygen but the increase of bridging
oxygen. Therefore, degree of polymerization and viscosity increase as the
substitution extent increases. By comparing the measured viscosities with the model
calculated values, it was found that both the recently developed Zhang's model and
Roboud model could describe the viscosity variation behavior of CaO-SiO2-Al-2 O-3-
CaF2 melts very well.
C1 [Zhang, Guo-hua; Zhen, Yu-lan; Chou, Kuo-chih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State
RI zhen, yu/JQI-1750-2023; Zhang, He/GXN-0028-2022; Zhang,
Guo-Hua/AAM-7264-2021
51474141]
FX Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(51304018, 51174022, 51474141)
CR Hayakawa S, 1998, J MATER RES, V13, P739, DOI 10.1557/JMR.1998.0093
Hill RG, 2005, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V351, P69, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.085
3093(99)00695-X
Zhang GH, 2013, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V40, P376, DOI 10.1179/1743281212Y.0000000055
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 28
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 7
BP 633
EP 637
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(16)30099-1
PG 5
GA DV1DC
UT WOS:000382659100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JL
Zou, J
Guo, MX
Moelans, N
AF Liu, Jingjing
Zou, Ji
Guo, Muxing
Moelans, Nele
TI Phase field simulation study of the dissolution behavior of
Al2O3 into
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Phase-field model; Diffusion path; Dissolution rate; Alumina;
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag
ID CALCIUM-ALUMINUM-SILICATE; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; CERAMIC SYSTEMS;
MULTICOMPONENT DIFFUSION; CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS; SINTERED ALUMINA; MOLD
FLUXES; MELTS; KINETICS; INCLUSIONS
AB A quantitative phase-field model has been implemented to study the dissolution
behavior of alumina (Al2O3) into CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags. The simulations allowed
evaluating the influence of temperature and composition on the diffusion paths and
dissolution rates of Al2O3 into CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags. The results obtained in the
simulations are consistent with experimental observations and the predictions from
an analytical dissolution model. The phase field simulations show that the
dissolution rate of Al2O3 increases with temperature. Increasing CaO at a fixed
Al2O3 content or decreasing Al2O3 content at a fixed CaO/SiO2 ratio also results in
a higher dissolution rate of Al2O3. The results are further interpreted based on
thermodynamic and kinetic considerations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Liu, Jingjing; Guo, Muxing; Moelans, Nele] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat
Engn, Kasteelpk Arenberg 44,Bus 2450, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
[Zou, Ji] Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands,
England.
C3 KU Leuven; University of Birmingham
RP Liu, JL (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Kasteelpk
Arenberg 44,Bus 2450, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
EM jingjing.liu@mtm.kuleuven.be
RI Zou, Ji/V-5515-2019; Zou, Ji/IWE-1545-2023; Moelans, Nele/A-3165-2013
OI Moelans, Nele/0000-0003-3361-2954; Zou, Ji/0000-0002-5803-8533
FU Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC)
FX The author, Jingjing Liu, thanks to the financial support from Chinese
Scholarship Council (CSC).
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NR 42
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 50
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0927-0256
EI 1879-0801
J9 COMP MATER SCI
JI Comput. Mater. Sci.
PD JUN 15
PY 2016
VL 119
BP 9
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.03.034
PG 10
GA DK6YD
UT WOS:000375070800002
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, AK
Sinha, OP
AF Mandal, Arup Kumar
Sinha, Om Prakash
TI Recovery of Multi-Metallic Components from Bottom Ash by Smelting
Reduction Under Plasma Environment
LA English
DT Article
ID ALUMINUM CARBOTHERMIC TECHNOLOGY
AB A new concept for maintaining inert atmosphere with high temperature - 1973 K
(1700 A degrees C) inside the furnace during smelting reduction was described, in
which recovery of metallic values from wastes was done in the presence of metal
bath which acts as a solvent. Nitrogen plasma arc was generated by passing current
and nitrogen gas through a hollow graphite electrode. In this way, the heat for
reduction reactions and melting of metal and slag phases under inert atmosphere was
maintained. The mixture of bottom ash and carbonaceous reducing agent was fed in
the form of pellets near the plasma zone above the liquid iron bath, used for the
absorption of reduced metals after reduction of oxides present in the wastes.
Percent recovery of metallic values and different consumption parameters were
calculated. It was observed that aluminum, iron, and silicon could be recovered
effectively from the wastes.
C1 [Mandal, Arup Kumar; Sinha, Om Prakash] IIT BHU, Dept Met Engn, Varanasi, Uttar
Pradesh, India.
Technology BHU Varanasi (IIT BHU Varanasi)
RP Mandal, AK (corresponding author), IIT BHU, Dept Met Engn, Varanasi, Uttar
Pradesh, India.
EM arup9180@yahoo.co.in
RI Sinha, Om Prakash/AAR-9542-2020; Mandal, Arup Kumar/N-1663-2017
OI Mandal, Arup Kumar/0000-0003-3268-1720
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(Civil, Architectural, Environmental and Agricultural Engineering), V95, P277, DOI
10.1007/s40030-014-0100-0
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NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1
BP 19
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0484-x
PG 4
Engineering
GA DB7JX
UT WOS:000368692300004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, M
Wang, XH
Pak, JJ
AF Jiang, Min
Wang, Xin-Hua
Pak, Jong-Jin
TI Formation of Low-Melting-Point Inclusions in Al-Deoxidized Steel Refined
by High-Basicity Calcium Aluminate Slag in ZrO2 Crucible
Experiments
LA English
DT Article
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; SPINEL INCLUSIONS;
STAINLESS-STEEL; THERMODYNAMICS; MECHANISMS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM; METAL;
IRON
AB ZrO2 crucible experiments were carried out in the laboratory to study the
formation of low-melting-point inclusions in steel, during which aluminum
deoxidization and a high-basicity calcium aluminate refining slag (CaO/SiO2: 6 to
8, Al2O3 40 to 45 pct) were used. Four experiments were done with different
slag/steel reaction times (30, 60, 90, and 180 minutes). It was found that
inclusions were mainly composed of CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 with very limited SiO2, in
spherical morphology and with sizes mainly less than 5 mu m. They can be classified
into two types according to the ZrO2 content. The first type contained much lower
ZrO2, whereas a much higher level of ZrO2 was detected in the other type. An
evolution of inclusions with the reaction time was observed and studied. The
obtained results indicated that chemical compositions of inclusions were widely
scattered in the CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 phase diagram after 30 min reaction. However, the
composition of inclusions became much more uniform and concentrated in low-melting-
temperature regions at 60, 90, and 180 minutes, which would be favorable to prevent
nozzle clogging and fatigue problems. Compared with the authors' previous results
obtained in MgO crucible experiments, it was found that low-melting-temperature
inclusions can be targeted in shorter time in ZrO2 crucible experiments, without
any degradation of cleanliness. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and
C1 [Jiang, Min] Hanyang Univ, Ansan, Kyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Wang, Xin-Hua] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Pak, Jong-Jin] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan, Kyeonggi Do, South Korea.
C3 Hanyang University; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Hanyang
University
RI Wang, Xiaoqiang/IQS-3727-2023; Wang, Xinhua/ISR-8520-2023; Wang,
Xin/AAN-8435-2021; Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB630806]; National
FX This research is supported by the National Basic Research Program of
China (No. 2010CB630806) and National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 51304013). The authors want to express sincere appreciation
to Dr. H. Todoroki of Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd., for fruitful
discussions and nice suggestions during the preparation of this article.
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NR 33
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 4
BP 1248
EP 1259
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0045-8
PG 12
Engineering
GA AN1SV
UT WOS:000340364800011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, HX
Wang, XH
Zhang, J
Li, HB
Wang, WJ
AF Yu Hui-xiang
Wang Xin-hua
Zhang Jing
Li Hai-bo
Wang Wan-jun
TI Cleanliness of Alloying Structural Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE oxide inclusion; total oxygen content; alloying structural steel;
thermodynamic calculation; secondary refining
ID INCLUSIONS; FATIGUE; STRENGTH; DEOXIDATION; MECHANISM; SIZE
AB Alloying structural steel used for mechanical structures has a high requirement
for cleanliness because its failures are greatly affected by non-metallic
inclusions and total oxygen content in steel. It has been reported by some
steelmaking plants to have some problems in controlling total oxygen content and
inclusions during alloying structural steel production. For this purpose,
cleanliness control in 0.2C-0.3Si-0.6Mn-1Cr-0.2Mo steel was investigated. Firstly,
low melting temperature zone (<= 1 873 K) of CaO-Al2O3-MgO system and formation
condition of low melting temperature inclusions were investigated through
thermodynamic equilibrium calculation. On this basis, industrial tests were carried
out. Through sampling at different stages, transformation of oxide inclusions and
change of total oxygen content in steel, were studied. The results show that: in
order to form CaO-Al2O3-MgO system inclusions with low melting temperature, mass
percent of Al2O3, MgO and CaO in inclusions should be controlled from 37.6% to
70.8%, 0 to 17.4% and 25.5% to 60.6%; For the condition of 1 873 K and 0.05% (mass
percent) dissolved aluminum in steel, the activities of dissolved oxygen, magnesium
and calcium should be controlled as 0.298 x 10(-4) - 2 x 10(-4), 0.1 x 10(-5) - 40
x 10(-5) and 0.8 x 10(-8) - 180 x 10(-8) respectively. With secondary refining
proceeding, average total oxygen content and inclusion amount decrease, the type of
most inclusions changes from Al2O3 after tapping to Al2O3-MgO after top slag is
formed during ladle furnace refining and finally to CaO-Al2O3-MgO after RH
treatment. In the final products, average total oxygen content was 12.7 x 10(-6)
and most inclusions were in spherical shape with size less than 5 mu m.
C1 [Yu Hui-xiang; Wang Xin-hua; Zhang Jing; Wang Wan-jun] Univ Sci & Technol
[Li Hai-bo] Ctr Res & Dev, Shougang Grp, Beijing 100043, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Shougang Group
RI Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021; Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023; Wang,
Xinhua/ISR-8520-2023
OI Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376; Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376;
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB630806]
FX Item Sponsored by National Basic Research Program of China
(2010CB630806)
CR Abe T, 2003, TETSU TO HAGANE, V89, P711, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.89.6_711
Choudhary SK, 2005, METALL MATER TRANS B, V36, P59, DOI 10.1007/s11663-005-0006-
3
[金利玲 JIN Liling], 2007, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
KOROUSIC B, 1991, STEEL RES, V62, P285, DOI 10.1002/srin.199101296
[缪新德 MIAO Xinde], 2007, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
MURAKAMI Y, 1989, INT J FATIGUE, V11, P291, DOI 10.1016/0142-1123(89)90054-6
Sakai H, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P138, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.138
Tardy P, 2002, SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLEAN STEEL, P6
Wang QY, 2002, INT J FATIGUE, V24, P1269, DOI 10.1016/S0142-1123(02)00037-3
WANG Xin-hua, 2008, 4 INT C SCI TECHN ST, P21
Zhang L. F., 2004, 13 NAT STEELM C, P36
NR 17
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 12
BP 6
EP +
PG 7
GA 895CQ
UT WOS:000300474200002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Teodorescu, R
Roman, M
Tociu, C
Gheorghe, M
Crisan, A
AF Teodorescu, R.
Roman, M.
Tociu, C.
Gheorghe, M.
Crisan, A.
TI THE TECHNOLOGY FOR ALUMINIUM RECOVERY FROM VARIOUS Al SLAG, FOR
ENVIRONMENT DEPOLUTION
SO METALURGIA INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Al slag; dross; Al sulfate; leaching process; coagulants
AB The paper presents the results of researches which were carried out into the
CEEX program for establish a new and unpolluted technology for total recovery of Al
from slag, dross and ashes which are forming at the smelting in the furnaces of the
secondary Al wastes in the smaller and medium capacity foundry.
The experiments watched to establish:- a clean technology for processing of slag
with a content in A 1 over 35%; - the optimal work parameters; - the flow sheet of
the technological process; - the inertization of technological residues resulted in
process by immobilization in siliceous matrix for ecological warehousing;
The leaching testes of siliceous materials show the capacity of irreversible
blocking of the metals in the structure of matrix /7/.
C1 [Teodorescu, R.; Roman, M.] Natl Inst Nonferrous & Rare Met IMNR, Bucharest,
Romania.
[Tociu, C.] Natl Inst Environm Protect ICIM, Bucharest, Romania.
[Gheorghe, M.] Tech Univ Civil Engn, Bucharest, Romania.
[Crisan, A.] Transilvania Univ Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
C3 Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB);
Transylvania University of Brasov
RP Teodorescu, R (corresponding author), Natl Inst Nonferrous & Rare Met IMNR,
Bucharest, Romania.
RI Tociu, Carmen/AAB-8136-2019
OI Tociu, Carmen/0000-0002-4137-6456
FU Romanian Ministry of Education and Research [CEEX 53/2005]
FX Aauthors wish to express their gratitude to "The Romanian Ministry of
Education and Research" for their financial support on these project
CEEX 53/2005.
CR AMER AM, 2002, JOM NOV
AYHAN S, 1997, J CHEM TECH BIOTECHN, V69, P240
Gheorghe M, 2007, REV ROM MATER, V37, P94
TEODORESCU R, 2007, 10 NAT C MET VARN BU
6238633
5102453
NR 6
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 8
PU EDITURA STIINTIFICA FMR
PI BUCHAREST
PA CALEA GRIVITEI, NR 83, SECTOR 1, O P 12, BUCHAREST, 010705, ROMANIA
SN 1582-2214
J9 METAL INT
JI Metal. Int.
PY 2009
VL 14
BP 131
EP 134
PG 4
GA 430PQ
UT WOS:000265001400032
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Warner, NA
AF Warner, N. A.
TI Conceptual design for lower-energy primary aluminum
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOATING SOLIDS; DISPERSION; AL; GRAPHITE; CARBON
AB Operating parameters have been identified such that slag melts typical of other
carbothermic aluminum processes are thermodynamically unstable. This facilitates
the direct reaction of carbon in carbon-saturated aluminum with alumina under
dispersed-contact high-intensity conditions. A conceptual design for one million
tonnes per annum (1 Mtpa) aluminum production from Bayer alumina is developed.
Freestanding graphite reactors and an ancillary plant encapsulated by inert gas are
totally unconstrained within refractory-lined shells. Electrical conductive heating
and melt circulation in closed loops, employing a 10 vol pct dispersion of fine
carbon particles in aluminum (slurry), transports sensible heat to a single
pressurized metal-producing reactor (MPR) to satisfy the endothermicity. In the
proposed plant, an MPR at 0.28 MPa (2.8 bar) and 2433 K (2160 degrees C) with a
hearth 2-m-wide x 190-m-long leads the melt via a barometric leg back to
essentially atmospheric pressure, for further in-line processing. The impeller-
stirred assimilation of fine carbon particles is followed by multistage gas-lift
pumping to provide a 5.4-m total head, as required by two parallel straight-line
melt-conductive heaters 1 m in diameter x 226 m in length. Overall energy-
consumption figures 28.7 pct lower than today's more recently installed Hall-
Heroult electrolytic plants are predicted, with 51.3 pct less purchased
electricity, supplemented with 1.10 times the stoichiometric elemental carbon.
C1 Univ Birmingham, Dept Chem Engn, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
C3 University of Birmingham
RP Warner, NA (corresponding author), Univ Birmingham, Dept Chem Engn, Birmingham,
W Midlands, England.
EM warnerna@btopenworld.com
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NR 35
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 2
BP 246
EP 267
DI 10.1007/s11663-008-9134-x
PG 22
Engineering
GA 301EO
UT WOS:000255879400009
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tanabe, J
Seki, I
Nagata, K
AF Tanabe, J
Seki, I
Nagata, K
TI Relationship between the aluminum and oxygen and sulfur partitions for
molten iron and a CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 slag
in equilibrium
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 slag; molten iron; aluminum; oxygen; sulfur distribution
ratio; sulfide capacity; activity; thermodynamics
ID DEOXIDIZED LIQUID-IRON; GALVANIC CELLS; FREE-ENERGIES; SYSTEM;
SUPERSATURATION
AB The relationship between the aluminum-oxygen and sulfur distribution ratio for
molten iron and a CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 slag in equilibrium at 1873 K was studied using an
Al2O3 or CaO-stabilized ZrO, crucible. The slag and molten iron equilibrated with
CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) ahd Css (cubic solid solution in CaO center dot ZrO2
system) in the Al2O3 crucible, and with CaO - ZrO2 and Css in the ZrO2 crucible.
These equilibrium states coincided with the phase diagram of CaO-Al2O3 center dot
ZrO2. From the concentrations of aluminum and oxygen dissolved in molten iron, the
Al2O3 activity in the slag was determined to be 0.393 in the Al2O3 crucible and
0.385 in the ZrO2 crucible. These activities were compared with the data in the
CaO-Al2O3 and CaO-ZrO, systems. The sulfur distribution ratio was higher a little
in the ZrO2 crucible than in the Al2O3 crucible and increased with aluminum
content. The sulfide capacity of the fluxes was determined to be 8.77X10(-5) and
9.10x10(-1) in the Al2O3 and ZrO2 crucibles, respectively.
C1 Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501,
Japan.
Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Mat Sci, Fac Engn, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528852,
Japan.
C3 Tokyo Institute of Technology
RP Tanabe, J (corresponding author), Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn,
Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501, Japan.
EM tanabe@nit.ac.jp
RI 関, 一郎/C-4211-2015
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*VDEH, 1995, SLAG ATLAS, P49
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2006
VL 46
IS 2
BP 169
EP 173
PG 5
GA 052JS
UT WOS:000238230600001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lee, MS
Grieveson, P
AF Lee, MS
Grieveson, P
TI The production of Al-Ti-B grain refining master alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium-titanium-boron master alloys; grain refinement; interfacial
phenomena; metal-slag emulsification; modified sessile drop; potassium
cryolite; potassium fluoborate; potassium fluotitanate
ID INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA; NAF-ALF3 MELTS; REFINEMENT; ALUMINUM; TITANIUM;
KF-ALF3; BORON
AB In this paper the interfacial phenomena observed when an Al-Ti-B master alloy is
produced are studied using a modified sessile drop technique. The effect of
emulsification is demonstrated and the influence of small levels of CaF2 and MgF2
are seen. Al-Ti-B master alloys are made by the addition of potassium fluotitanate,
K2TiF6, and potassium fluoborate, KBF4, to molten aluminium at 750 C. The product
is an Al-5 wt% Ti-1 wt% B master alloy and a KF-AlF3 flux of eutectic composition.
Problems can occur with the production of such alloys by (a) the emulsification of
the liquid Al-Ti-B alloy and KF-AlF3 flux and (b) the agglomeration of titanium
diboride particles by the wetting and engulfment of the KF-AlF3 flux. It has been
found that levels of CaF2 and MgF2 in the fluoride salts greater than 50 ppm and 70
ppm, respectively, can prevent this emulsification and boride agglomeration.
C1 Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England.
C3 Imperial College London
RP Lee, MS (corresponding author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med,
Dept Mat, London SW7 2BP, England.
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NR 19
TC 10
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 18
PU BLACKWELL MUNKSGAARD
PI COPENHAGEN
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
PD OCT
PY 2003
VL 32
IS 5
BP 256
EP 262
DI 10.1034/j.1600-0692.2003.00650.x
PG 7
GA 720GN
UT WOS:000185253200005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XF
Zhang, ZG
Gao, Z
Bian, XF
AF Liu, XF
Zhang, ZG
Gao, Z
Bian, XF
TI The influence of electromagnetic stirring on Al-Ti-B master alloys
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAIN-REFINEMENT; MECHANISM; ALUMINUM
AB Electromagnetic stirring can improve the refining effect of Al-Ti-B master
alloys by removing slag from the melt. When alternating-current magnetic intensity
is 2,400 G, sing is removed after the melt has been stirred for three minutes. The
magnetic field not only causes the melt to circulate, but also produces the
secondary flow 1 cm away from the crucible wall that is the primary cause of slag
removal. An alternating-current magnetic field removes sing move efficiently than a
direct-current magnetic field.
C1 Shandong Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Shandong, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, XF (corresponding author), Shandong Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
CR Backerud L., 1991, ALUMINIUM, V67, P780
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7
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NR 12
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 16
PI WARRENDALE
PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA
SN 1047-4838
PD MAY
PY 2000
VL 52
IS 5
BP 47
EP 48
DI 10.1080/00958970008024562
PG 2
GA 313XY
UT WOS:000087026000013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU TERRY, BS
GRIEVESON, P
AF TERRY, BS
GRIEVESON, P
TI OBSERVATIONS ON THE ROLE OF INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN MATERIALS
PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA; MATERIALS PROCESSING
AB Examples of the role interfacial phenomena can play in materials processing are
highlighted in the description of a number of recent research studies conducted at
Imperial College. Interfacial phenomena play critical roles in increasing or
retarding the rates of chemical reaction and in promoting or hindering wetting and
dispersion of phases in each other.
The reduction of ilmentite to iron and titanium carbide or titanium oxycarbide
has been studied with the ultimate aim of achieving separation of the titanium and
its subsequent conversion to pigment grade titanium dioxide. The need to achieve
good separation of iron from other reaction products is then a prime concern. The
effects of reducing conditions on the wetting of titanium carbides and oxycarbides
by iron alloys has therefore been studied. It seems that associative adsorption of
titanium and carbon may be responsible for the observed effects of dissolved
titanium and carbon on the wetting of TiC by liquid iron alloys.
As a result of this work a further project has been generated involving the
identification of conditions for achieving good dispersions of refractory carbides
including titanium carbide in iron alloys. The major motivation behind this work
was the desire to develop a cheap casting based process for the production of iron
based metal matrix composites capable of producing near net shape products. As a
result of this work a novel rapid testing technique for the assessment of the
wettability and compatibility of potential filler materials with liquid metal
matrices has been developed. The technique employs levitation and quenching of
liquid metal drops containing added filler materials to permit assessment of alloy
composition, filler coatings and temperature on matrix/filler interactions. The
levitation technique has been further utilised in a study of the conditions
required for dispersion or non dispersion of second phase particles in liquid
superalloys. In this case the cleanliness of the superalloys achieved during
recyling procedures is determined by the ease with which inclusions can be removed.
Some observations with ternary oxides also indicate the importance of the
associative adsorption phenomenon.
The importance of interfacial considerations has also been highlighted by our
studies on the production of aluminium-titanium-boron grain refining master alloys
from fluoride fluxes. Entrapment of the products can result from emulsification
occurring during the reduction reactions. A detailed study of this phenomenon has
been conducted using a modified sessile drop technique. The results obtained
indicate the critical role that interfacial tension plays in determining the ease
of metal-flux separations and in determining whether products are dispersed in the
metal or slag.
The kinetics of metal-salt reactions were also found to be of importance. Fast
transfer of Ti and B to the metal results in the build up to TiAl3. TiB2 or AlB12
at the interface. These compounds when present at the interface can be wet by the
flux and result in emulsion formation. Inhibition of emulsification can be achieved
by the presence of surface active elements such as magnesium and calcium.
The role of interfacial phenomena in influencing the kinetics of the reduction
of slags has been studied in an investigation of the kinetics of alkali metal oxide
release from silicate melts. The kinetics of K2O and Na2O release during heating in
graphite crucibles has been studied from binary alkali oxide-silicon dioxide melts
and from a wide range of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags. The contribution of the wetting of
the graphite by the slag towards influencing reaction kinetics represents a notable
feature of the study.
RP TERRY, BS (corresponding author), UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL &
MED,DEPT MAT,LONDON SW7 2AZ,ENGLAND.
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TERRY BS, UNPUB GLASS TECHNOLO
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TERRY BS, IN PRESS J MATER SCI
Whalen, 1962, T ASM, V55, P778
NR 23
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 22
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 1993
VL 33
IS 1
BP 166
EP 175
PG 10
GA KH294
UT WOS:A1993KH29400024
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cui, KK
Mao, HB
Zhang, YY
Wang, J
Shen, FQ
AF Cui, Kunkun
Mao, Haobo
Zhang, Yingyi
Wang, Jie
Shen, Fuqiang
TI Microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al2O3-Cr2O3 composites with
various Cr2O3 content in Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-FeO slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag; Corrosion; Infiltration; Smelting reduction ironmaking
ID REFRACTORY MATERIALS; FLOW; DENSIFICATION; RESISTANCE; MECHANISM
AB The corrosion of refractory materials by high-temperature slag has caused severe
technical challenges and economic losses to the metallurgical industry. In this
study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3-Cr2O3 composites were
investigated. The static crucible method was used to investigate the corrosion and
infiltration behavior of a typical smelting reduction ironmaking slag for the
Al2O3-Cr2O3 refractory. Corrosion test results indicate that the corrosion region
of Cr2O3-Al2O3 composites is mainly composed of a corrosion and infiltration layer,
and the thickness of the corrosion layer decreases significantly with increasing
Cr2O3 content in the sample, whereas the thickness of the infiltration layer
increases gradually. The dissolution of Al2O3 into the slag is the main reason for
the severe erosion of Al2O3-Cr2O3 composites with a low Cr2O3 content. Increasing
the amount of Cr2O3 can significantly improve the slag corrosion resistance of
Cr2O3-Al2O3 composites, however will have a negative effect on the slag
infiltration resistance, which is mainly owing to the increase in porosity of the
composite refractory. The formation of the (Al, Cr)2O3 solid solution effectively
inhibited the dissolution of alumina in the slag. In addition, excessive Cr2O3
content can also consume Al2O3 in the slag and form an (Al, Cr)2O3 solid solution,
which improves the slag corrosion resistance of the aluminum chromium composite
refractory.
C1 [Cui, Kunkun; Zhang, Yingyi; Wang, Jie; Shen, Fuqiang] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch
Met Engn, Maanshan 243002, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Cui, Kunkun] HBIS Grp Chengsteel Co, Chengde 067002, Hebei, Peoples R China.
[Mao, Haobo] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn & Architecture, Maanshan 243002,
Anhui, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Technology; Anhui University of Technology
RP Zhang, YY (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met Engn, Maanshan
EM zhangyingyi@ahut.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Yingyi/AAG-4336-2020
OI Zhang, Yingyi/0000-0002-3294-6525
FU National Key R&D Program of China; Anhui Province Sci-ence Foundation
for Excellent Young Scholars; [2017YFB0603800 2017YFB0603802];
[012172139039]
FX Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program
of China (2017YFB0603800 & 2017YFB0603802) and the Anhui Province
Sci-ence Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars (No.012172139039) .
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NR 42
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD DEC 1
PY 2022
VL 48
IS 23
BP 35555
EP 35567
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.08.162
EA NOV 2022
PN A
PG 13
GA 6X9JW
UT WOS:000896723700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Qu, GR
Li, B
Wei, YG
AF Qu, Guorui
Li, Bo
Wei, Yonggang
TI A novel approach for the recovery and cyclic utilization of valuable
metals by co-smelting spent lithium-ion batteries with copper slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Spent LIBs; Copper slag; Recycle; Co -treatment; Pyrometallurgy
ID IRON; VISCOSITY; BEHAVIOR; REMOVAL; NICKEL; GLASS
AB Achieving efficient and low-cost recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
is of great significance to the sustainable development of the clean energy
industry and energy metal resources. This study developed a cosmelting process for
the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs and copper slag by
using copper slag as the only flux, CaCl2 as the chlorine donor, and anode graphite
and aluminium foil in spent LIBs as reductants. Co, Cu, Ni and Fe from spent LIBs
and copper slag are recovered in the form of alloys. The Li is transferred from the
slag to the gas phase through the chlorination reaction, which efficiently
separates and enriches Li during the co-smelting process. Under the optimized
conditions, the recoveries of Co, Cu, Ni and Fe were 99.13 %, 98.04 %, 99.30 % and
97.98 %, respectively, and the Li volatilization rate was 97.86 %. The influences
of the processing parameters on the metal recovery and Li volatilization rate were
assessed. The reaction mechanism was elucidated based on thermodynamics and phase
transitions. In addition, a strategy for the preparation of high value-added
products from the smelted products was provided. Lithium-containing dust can be
used to prepare battery grade Li2CO3, and smelting slag can be used to prepare
glass ceramics. The proposed co-smelting process is feasible for the comprehensive
recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs and copper slag, and thus, it has good
application prospects and advantages. Meanwhile, the problem of difficulty in
lithium recovery in the traditional process is solved.
C1 [Qu, Guorui; Li, Bo; Wei, Yonggang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Complex Nonferrous Met Resources Cl, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Li, Bo; Wei, Yonggang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Met Energy
Conservat & Emiss Reduct, Minist Educ, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Qu, Guorui; Li, Bo; Wei, Yonggang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
C3 Kunming University of Science & Technology; Kunming University of
Science & Technology; Kunming University of Science & Technology
RP Wei, YG (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
EM weiygcp@kust.edu.cn
RI Wei, Yonggang/AAG-8709-2019
OI Qu, Guorui/0000-0003-2655-272X
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52064033]; Key Project of
Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province [202101AS070025]; Analysis and
Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology
[2021P20201102003]
FX Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (52064033) ; the Key Project of Basic Research
Program of Yunnan Province (202101AS070025) and the Analysis and Testing
Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology
(2021P20201102003) .
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NR 53
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 21
U2 92
PI LAUSANNE
SN 1385-8947
EI 1873-3212
J9 CHEM ENG J
JI Chem. Eng. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2023
VL 451
AR 138897
DI 10.1016/j.cej.2022.138897
EA SEP 2022
PN 3
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA 4W9LL
UT WOS:000860476100003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JS
Park, TJ
Min, DJ
Sohn, I
AF Choi, Joon Sung
Park, Tae Jun
Min, Dong Joon
Sohn, Il
TI Viscous behavior of high-FetO-bearing slag systems in
relation to their polymeric structural units
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminates; Raman spectroscopy; Slags; Viscosity; Structure-property
relationship
ID IRON REDOX EQUILIBRIA; FURNACE TYPE SLAGS; SILICATE MELTS; VISCOSITY;
MGO; DISSOLUTION; ALUMINUM; AL2O3; IONS; FEO
AB The effect of basicity (CaO/SiO2 mass ratio) and FetO on the viscous behavior of
CaO-SiO2-FeO-Al2O3-MgO-MnO slag was investigated via stepped-temperature viscometry
(1873 -1473 K) to predict the thermophysical properties of high-FetO-bearing molten
slag. The basicity and FetO contents were varied to determine the constitutional
effect of the slags on the physical properties and ionic structure. At low FetO
contents (below 15 wt%), the vis-cosity of high-FetO-bearing slags exhibited a
strong dependence on basicity. However, at high FetO contents (above 15 wt%), the
viscosity decreased as the FetO content increased, indicating a strong FetO
dependency. This behavior was attributed to the change in acti-vation energy as the
dominant polymeric structural unit (T-O-T; T = Si, Al, and Fe) varied depending on
the equilibrated primary phase. In addition, to understand the change in the
dominant polymeric structural unit depending on the FetO content, the relationship
be-tween the polymeric structural units and thermophysical properties of high-FetO-
bearing slags was studied by analyzing the Fe3+/Fe2+ and nonbridging oxygen
fractions of the slag melts. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
C1 [Choi, Joon Sung] Yonsei Univ, KIURI Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Yonsei Ro 50,
[Park, Tae Jun] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Resources Utilizat Res
Ctr, 124 Gwahak Ro, Daejeon 34132, South Korea.
[Min, Dong Joon; Sohn, Il] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Yonsei Ro 50, Seoul
03722, South Korea.
C3 Yonsei University; Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources
(KIGAM); Yonsei University
RP Min, DJ (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Yonsei Ro 50,
OI Min, Dong Joon/0000-0003-3091-2038; Choi, Joon Sung/0000-0002-8560-1598;
Park, Tae Jun/0000-0002-5830-1039
FU Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy [10063488]; Korea Initiative for
fostering the University of Research and Innovation (KIURI) Program of
the National Research Foundation (NRF), South Korea - Korean government
(MSIT) [NRF-2020M3H1A1077207]
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy
under Project No. 10063488. This research was supported by the Korea
Initiative for fostering the University of Research and Innovation
(KIURI) Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) , South Korea
funded by the Korean govern-ment (MSIT) (No. NRF-2020M3H1A1077207) . We
would like to thank Editage (www.editage.co.kr) for their English
language editing service.
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NR 52
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2021
VL 15
BP 1382
EP 1394
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.08.126
EA SEP 2021
PG 13
Engineering
GA XU4FN
UT WOS:000734223000003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, YH
Qie, JM
Zhang, CX
Yang, YT
AF Guo, Yuhua
Qie, Junmao
Zhang, Chunxia
Yang, Yuantao
TI Material flow analysis of zinc during the manufacturing process in
integrated steel mills in China
SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE blast furnace; circulation; industrial ecology; material flow analysis;
steel; zinc
ID SUBSTANCE FLOW; CYCLE; DEMAND; STOCKS; ALUMINUM; NICKEL; WASTE; IRON
AB The steel manufacturing process involves not only the substance flow of iron
from iron-bearing materials to steel products but also the circulation and movement
of many additional elements. In this study, the flow and circulation of zinc during
coking, sintering, blast furnace (BF) ironmaking, basic oxygen furnace (BOF)
steelmaking, and continuous casting processes, which has been neglected, was
analyzed in an integrated iron and steel mill throughout 2013. The results
indicated that approximately 2,317 tonnes (t) of zinc from steelmaking raw
materials were input into the studied steel mill in 2013, of which 58.8% originated
from iron ore fines, 22.3% from pellets, and 8.8% from lumps. Although 1,212 t of
zinc was discharged along with coking chemical products and steel slag after
magnetic separation or iron-bearing dust and sludge, 1,105 t of zinc remained
within the circulation. According to this research, we inferred that approximately
142 kilotonnes of zinc, 2.7% of China's zinc production in 2013, and approximately
1.5 million tonnes in total from 2000 to 2017 were concentrated in BF and BOF dust
or sludge. This large amount of zinc has been ignored by Chinese steelmakers and
zinc producers, although it should be used as a resource for zinc recycling. Thus,
integrated steel mills should develop pertinent treatments targeting these
fractions to prevent and handle the hazards from the circulation and concentration
of zinc inside their premises.
C1 [Guo, Yuhua; Qie, Junmao; Zhang, Chunxia] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, State Key
Lab Adv Steel Proc & Prod, 76 Xueyuan Nanlu, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Yuantao] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R
China.
[Yang, Yuantao] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Management & Econ, Beijing, Peoples R
China.
C3 Central Iron & Steel Research Institute; Beijing University of
Technology; Beijing Institute of Technology
RP Guo, YH (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, State Key Lab Adv
Steel Proc & Prod, 76 Xueyuan Nanlu, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM guoyh2000@hotmail.com
RI zhang, cl/JDW-6549-2023; zhang, chunmei/IUQ-7038-2023
FU Major Program of the National Key RAMP;D Program of China
[2017YFC0210301, 2017YFB0304002]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [52134003]
FX This research was supported by theMajor Program of the National Key R&D
Program of China (grant numbers 2017YFC0210301 and 2017YFB0304002) and
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number
52134003).
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4
NR 43
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 34
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1088-1980
EI 1530-9290
J9 J IND ECOL
JI J. Ind. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1009
EP 1020
DI 10.1111/jiec.13096
EA JAN 2021
PG 12
& Ecology
GA TZ2LL
UT WOS:000607713700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kudyba, A
Akhtar, S
Johansen, I
Safarian, J
AF Kudyba, Artur
Akhtar, Shahid
Johansen, Inge
Safarian, Jafar
TI Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing
Slags
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminothermic reduction; Al dross; FeMn; slag
AB The aluminothermic reduction process of manganese oxide from different slags by
aluminum was investigated using pure Al and two types of industrial Al dross. Two
types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and
an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures of Al and slag with more Al
than the stoichiometry were heated and interacted in an induction furnace up to
1873 K, yielding molten metal and slag products. The characterization of the
produced metal and slag phases indicated that the complete reduction of MnO occurs
via the aluminothermic process. Moreover, as the Al content in the charge was high,
it also completely reduced SiO2 in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass
transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to
be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the
valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production
of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the
process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al
alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic
reactions at high temperatures.
C1 [Kudyba, Artur; Safarian, Jafar] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Alfred Getz Vei 2, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
[Akhtar, Shahid; Johansen, Inge] Hydro Aluminum, Romsdalsvegen 1, N-6600
Sunndalsora, Norway.
RP Kudyba, A (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Alfred Getz Vei 2, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
EM artur.kudyba@ntnu.no; shahid.akhtar@hydro.com; inge.johansen@hydro.com;
jafar.safarian@ntnu.no
OI Kudyba, Artur/0000-0003-3065-7778
FU SFI Metal Production (Centre for Research-based Innovation) [237738];
SFI Metal Production
FX This research was funded by SFI Metal Production (Centre for
Research-based Innovation), grant number 237738. The APC was funded by
SFI Metal Production.
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NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 17
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JAN
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 2
AR 356
DI 10.3390/ma14020356
PG 15
Physics
GA PX5BA
UT WOS:000611368700001
PM 33450929
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Sun, XH
Zhang, LF
Ren, Y
AF Wang, Yi
Sun, Xiaohui
Zhang, Lifeng
Ren, Ying
TI Effect of calcium treatment on inclusions in Si-Mn-killed 304 stainless
steels
LA English
DT Article
DE Calcium treatment; Inclusions; Si-Mn deoxidation; Stainless steels;
Ladle refining; Deformation
ID OF-THE-ART; THERMODYNAMIC DATABASES; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC
INCLUSIONS; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; CA-TREATMENT; AL; SLAG; PRECIPITATION;
MAGNESIUM
AB In the current study, two plant trials for the ladle refining process without
and with the calcium treatment were compared to investigate the effect of the
calcium treatment on the inclusion deformation in Si-Mn-killed 18Cr-8Ni stainless
steels. The total aluminum rose from 10 ppm to 25 ppm due to the slag and steel
reaction, increasing the Al2O3 in inclusions during the ladle refining process.
Without the calcium treatment, inclusions changed from Al2O3-SiO2-MnO-CaO with
about 20% MnO to Al2O3-MgO-SiO2-CaO with about 10% MnO. The calcium treatment
obviously lowered Al2O3 and MnO in inclusions and led to the formation of CaO-rich
inclusions. Inclusions changed from Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-MnO to SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 after the
calcium treatment of Si-Mn-killed stainless steels. Calculations showed that the
calcium treatment of 15-25 ppm lowered the melting temperature of inclusions but
further additions increased the melting temperature. Calculations also showed that
calcium addition lowered Young's modulus. Calcium treatment was an effective method
to improve the deformability of inclusions in Si-Mn-killed stainless steel during
the cold rolling process. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wang, Yi; Sun, Xiaohui; Ren, Ying] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Sch Met &
[Zhang, Lifeng] Yanshan Univ, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol,
RP Ren, Y (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Yanshan
Univ, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei,
Peoples R China.
FU National Science Foundation China [U1860206, 51725402, 51874032];
[FRF-TP-17-001C2, FRF-TP-19-037A2Z]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials (ICSM), at University of
Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China
Foundation China (Grant No. U1860206, No. 51725402, and No. 51874032),
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.
FRF-TP-17-001C2 and FRF-TP-19-037A2Z), the High Steel Center (HSC) at
Yanshan University, and Beijing International Center of Advanced and
Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials (ICSM), at
University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China.
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417
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2020
VL 9
IS 5
BP 11351
EP 11360
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.08.017
PG 10
Engineering
GA OC7WE
UT WOS:000579367500168
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, ZF
Yang, DY
Wang, R
Jiang, Q
Zhu, K
Cui, JY
AF Yu, Zhenfei
Yang, Daoyuan
Wang, Rui
Jiang, Qiao
Zhu, Kai
Cui, Junyan
TI Investigation on properties of
Al2O3-SiO2 complex shaped refractory
fabricated by layered extrusion forming
LA English
DT Article
DE Layered extrusion forming; Ceramic slurry; Properties; Al2O3-SiO2 system
ID CERAMICS
AB As one of the 3D printing methods, layered extrusion forming (LEF) has distinct
advantages to form complex configuration ceramics directly. The feasibility of
using LEF to make refractory products with complex shapes was explored by this
work, using water-based Al2O3-SiO2 ceramic slurry and specially equipped device. By
measuring rheological parameters, the effects of binder addition, dispersant
addition and volume proportion of the solid portion composed of alpha-Al2O3
ultrafine powder (92 wt%) and silica fume (8 wt%) on rheological behavior of the
slurry were investigated. The green body specimens prepared by the LEF were fired
at 1400 degrees C-1600 degrees C for 3h. The influence of firing temperature on
phase composition, microstructure, sintering degree and comprehensive properties of
the specimens was investigated. At 2.5 wt% addition of aluminum dihydrogen
phosphate as binder, 0.2 wt% addition of sodium hexametaphosphate as dispersant and
with solid portion between 56 vol% and 58 vol%, required pseudoplastic behavior of
the slurry can be achieved, suitable for the LEF. With the increase of heating
temperature, mullitization by the reaction between the alpha-Al2O3 ultrafine powder
and silica fume becomes stronger and sintering gets enhanced, leading to improved
comprehensive properties of the specimens. Fired at 1600 degrees C, properties in
terms of bulk density 3.03g/cm(3), cold compressive strength 190.5 MPa and
refractoriness under load 1598 degrees C are achieved. Crucible slag test shows a
good resistance to the glass melt corrosion. Good feasibility of fabricating some
complex shaped refractory products by LEF as a novel forming approach has been
confirmed by the present work.
C1 [Yu, Zhenfei; Yang, Daoyuan; Wang, Rui; Jiang, Qiao; Zhu, Kai; Cui, Junyan]
Zhengzhou Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China.
C3 Zhengzhou University
RP Yang, DY (corresponding author), Zhengzhou Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Zhengzhou,
Peoples R China.
EM yangdaoyuan@zzu.edu.cn
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0310701]; Science and
Technology Innovation Fund of Henan for Outstanding Talents
[17420051001]
FX Thanks for the financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of
China (2017YFB0310701) and Science and Technology Innovation Fund of
Henan for Outstanding Talents (17420051001).
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NR 27
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD AUG 1
PY 2020
VL 46
IS 11
BP 18985
EP 18993
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.04.226
PN B
PG 9
GA LU2BD
UT WOS:000537564300070
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, SY
Shevchenko, M
Hayes, PC
Jak, E
AF Cheng, Siyu
Shevchenko, Maksym
Hayes, Peter C.
Jak, Evgueni
TI Experimental Phase Equilibria Studies in the
FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2System in Air:
Results for the Iron-Rich Region
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-SOLUTION LIMITS; SILICO-FERRITE; EXPERIMENTAL LIQUIDUS;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ALUMINUM SFCA; STEEL SLAG; ORE SINTER; SYSTEM;
CALCIUM; CHEMISTRY
AB New experimental data are reported on the liquidus and sub-liquidus phase
equilibria in the FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-SiO(2)system in air. The study was undertaken using
equilibration/quenching and microanalysis techniques enabling the compositions of
the liquid and solid phases in equilibrium at temperature to be accurately
measured. The limits of stability and associations of the primary phase fields of
hematite (Fe2O3), dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4), silico-ferrite of calcium solid
solution (SFC), dicalcium ferrite (Ca2Fe2O5), calcium ferrite (CaFe2O4), calcium
diferrite (CaFe4O7) have been characterized in the high iron, high CaO/SiO2, low
melting temperature region of the system. The full extent of the primary phase
field of SFC has been determined, as have the conjugate lines joining the SFC and
the corresponding liquid phase over the range of SFC compositions at sub-liquidus
temperatures.
C1 [Cheng, Siyu; Shevchenko, Maksym; Hayes, Peter C.; Jak, Evgueni] Univ
Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, PYROSEARCH, Pyromet Innovat Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072,
Australia.
RP Cheng, SY (corresponding author), Univ Queensland, Sch Chem Engn, PYROSEARCH,
Pyromet Innovat Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM s.cheng@uq.edu.au
RI Shevchenko, Maksym/HNP-0886-2023
OI Shevchenko, Maksym/0000-0002-9420-9336; Hayes,
Peter/0000-0002-9257-9253; Cheng, Siyu/0000-0003-0080-1599; Jak,
Evgueni/0000-0002-7768-1874
FU Australian Research Council Linkage Program; BHP
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Australian Research Council
Linkage Program and BHP for financial support to enable this research to
be carried out, and the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, at the
University of Queensland for providing electron microscope facilities
and the scientific and technical assistance, and to Mr. Michael Booth,
Ms. Marina Chernishova and Ms. Suping Huang for assistance in
experimental work.
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Shevchenko M, 2019, J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF, V40, P319, DOI 10.1007/s11669-019-
00727-x
Shevchenko M, 2019, CERAM INT, V45, P6795, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.12.172
Shevchenko P, 2017, ROSS ISTOR, P94
Takayama T, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P1069, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-
2017-717
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1
Wu XQ, 1999, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V29, P1103
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NR 66
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 4
BP 1587
EP 1602
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01886-w
EA JUN 2020
PG 16
Engineering
GA MN5PX
UT WOS:000543629300002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, SL
Lu, YN
Hong, ZB
Zhou, H
AF Wu, Shengli
Lu, Yanan
Hong, Zhibin
Zhou, Heng
TI Improving the Softening and Melting Properties of Ferrous Burden with
High Al2O3 Content for Blast Furnace by Ore
Blending
LA English
DT Article
DE blast furnace; permeability; softening and melting property; high
aluminium content; primary slag
ID COHESIVE ZONE; LUMP ORES; MIXED BURDEN; BEHAVIOR; SINTER; SLAG; PART;
VISCOSITY; EVOLUTION
AB In order to solve the problem of poor gas permeability of blast furnace caused
by high Al2O3 content in the burden, the softening and melting properties of
sinter, pellets and lump ores are studied in this paper. The results show the
differences between acid and basic iron ore materials. Based on this, this article
study the influence of different kinds of pellets and lump ores blending with
sinter on the softening and melting properties of comprehensive burdens. The
results show that the self-fluxing pellet and porous lump ore with high aluminium
content caused the Al2O3 content of comprehensive burden to raise 0.26% compared to
acid pellet and dense lump ore with low aluminium content. However, the highest
pressure drop of comprehensive burden is reduced from 2.50 kPa to 1.70 kPa, the S-
value is decreased from 198 kPa.degrees C to 114 kPa.degrees C. Therefore, this
method of ore blending will improve the softening and melting properties of
integrated burden.
C1 [Wu, Shengli; Lu, Yanan; Hong, Zhibin; Zhou, Heng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
Sch Met & Ecol Engn, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Lu, YN (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM ynlu_yj12@163.com
RI Zhou, Heng/ADD-6306-2022; yang, yang/JNT-0397-2023
OI Zhou, Heng/0000-0002-3742-3926
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-IC-19-004]
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant Number: 51904023, 51804027) and Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Number:
FRF-IC-19-004).
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6
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NR 27
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 10
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2020
VL 60
IS 7
BP 1504
EP 1511
PG 8
GA OH2HS
UT WOS:000582391000017
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, TL
Sun, CY
Song, S
Wang, Q
AF Li, Tingle
Sun, Changyu
Song, Sunny
Wang, Qi
TI Roles of MgO and Al2O3 on the Viscous and
Structural Behavior of Blast Furnace Primary Slag, Part 1: C/S=1.3
Containing TiO2
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-bearing primary slag; MgO; Al2O3; viscosity; activation energy;
network structure
ID SILICATE MELTS; VISCOSITY; BEARING; RAMAN; CAO/SIO2; ALUMINUM; CAO-SIO2;
SPECTRA
AB This research provides fundamental insight into the roles of MgO and Al2O3 on
the viscous and structural behaviors of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-10 mass% TiO2-5 mass%
FeO (CaO/SiO2 = 1.3) system primary blast furnace slag. The slag viscosity is
measured by the rotating cylinder method, which is essential to the efficient and
stable operation of a blast furnace. The network structure characterization of the
quenched vitreous samples was conducted using Fourier Transformation Infrared
(FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Usual viscous behaviors (that the slag viscosity and
the activation energy decrease or increase with increasing MgO or Al2O3 content)
were observed, corresponding to changes in the network structure certified by FTIR
and Raman analyses. It seems that the addition of MgO and Al2O3 prefers to modify
the Si-O and Ti-O network in the present slag. When the slag composition reaches
10% MgO and 12% Al2O3, unexpected viscous behaviors (that MgO increases viscosity
and Al2O3 decreases viscosity) are discovered. The roles of MgO and Al2O3 could be
interpreted by changes in the arrangement structure of ions in liquid,
corresponding to changes in the primary equilibrium phase region determined in
phase diagrams and variation in the difference between the experimental and
liquidus temperature, respectively.
C1 [Li, Tingle; Sun, Changyu; Wang, Qi] Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Key Lab Chem
Met Engn Liaoning Prov, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Li, Tingle; Sun, Changyu; Wang, Qi] Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Mat & Met,
Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Song, Sunny] Rio Tinto Iron Ore, Tech Mkt, Perth, WA 6000, Australia.
C3 University of Science & Technology Liaoning; University of Science &
Technology Liaoning; Rio Tinto
RP Wang, Q (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Key Lab Chem Met
Engn Liaoning Prov, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.; Wang, Q (corresponding
author), Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Mat & Met, Anshan 114051, Peoples R
China.
EM wangqi8822@sina.com
RI wang, qi/IAN-4150-2023; sun, chang/ITV-6759-2023; wang,
qi/HTN-8786-2023; SUN, CHANG/GXM-3680-2022
OI wang, qi/0000-0002-2794-6897; Li, Tingle/0000-0003-1654-8030
FU The Rio Tinto-USTL (University of Science and Technology Liaoning) Joint
Research Project; Liaoning Province Natural Fund Guidance Plan Project
[20180550599]
FX This research was funded by The Rio Tinto-USTL (University of Science
and Technology Liaoning) Joint Research Project and Liaoning Province
Natural Fund Guidance Plan Project (20180550599).
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NR 46
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 23
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2019
VL 9
IS 8
AR 866
DI 10.3390/met9080866
PG 15
Engineering
GA IV8IV
UT WOS:000484510000056
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, W
Wang, M
Bao, YP
AF Xiao, Wei
Wang, Min
Bao, Yanping
TI The Research of Low-Oxygen Control and Oxygen Behavior during RH Process
in Silicon-Deoxidization Bearing Steel
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE RH process; bearing steel; deoxidization; T.O content
ID LOW-CARBON STEEL; INCLUSIONS
AB The variation of total oxygen (T.O) content, characterization of inclusions,
slag composition, and off-gas behavior during the smelting process of silicon-
deoxidization bearing steel were investigated with industrial experiments. The
change of content of combined oxygen during RH (Ruhrstahl-Hereaeus vacuum degassing
furnace) process was calculated and compared with T.O content change. It is found
that the decrease of oxygen content is mainly caused by the removal of dissolved
oxygen rather than the removal of oxides during RH process. Carbon was found to be
a strong deoxidizer (stronger than aluminum) in high vacuum degree. Top slag is an
oxygen source of the deoxidization process, leading to the re-oxidization of liquid
steel, even though the FeO content is low in top slag. During the RH process, the
change of oxygen mainly exists in three processes: 1) Deoxidization reaction in
vacuum chamber, 2) oxygen mass transfer process between liquid steel out from a
vacuum chamber and in ladle, and 3) oxygen mass transfer between ladle slag and
liquid steel. It depends mainly on the mass transfer of the oxygen in the liquid
steel.
C1 [Xiao, Wei; Wang, Min; Bao, Yanping] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
EM baoyp@ustb.edu.cn
FU State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallurgy Foundation [41618030]
FX This research was funded by the State Key Laboratory for Advanced
Metallurgy Foundation (No. 41618030).
CR Deng ZY, 2014, ISIJ INT, V54, P1498, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.54.1498
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4
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027
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P192
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 22
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2019
VL 9
IS 8
AR 812
DI 10.3390/met9080812
PG 15
Engineering
GA IV8IV
UT WOS:000484510000002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, TJ
Choi, JS
Min, DJ
AF Park, Tae Jun
Choi, Joon Sung
Min, Dong Joon
TI Investigation of Effects of SiO2 Content and Cooling Rate on
Crystallization in Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2
System Using In Situ Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-SOLUTION LIMITS; SILICO-FERRITE; PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; ALUMINUM
SFCA; STEELMAKING SLAGS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CALCIUM; STABILITY;
BEHAVIOR; SINTER
AB The crystallization behaviors of the Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 system in a non-equilibrium
state with various chemical compositions and cooling rates were investigated by
confocal laser scanning. Equilibrium samples were prepared in melt states and
cooled at a rate of 1K/min to produce samples in quasi-equilibrium states. The
effect of SiO2 on the phase constitution was investigated using Image Analyzer, and
the changes of the phase ratios were analyzed using activity values of Fe2O3
calculated using FactSage 7.1. The Continuous cooling transformation diagram of the
Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 system was obtained for various cooling rates. The temperatures at
which the primary phase formed for various SiO2 contents and cooling rates differed
from the equilibrium temperatures, and the phase-formation temperature ranges
varied with the cooling rate. In addition, the reduction degree of each sample was
measured to determine the effect of SiO2 content and cooling rate on the Fe2O3-CaO-
SiO2 system. The reduction degree in the FeO3-CaO-SiO2 system is dominantly
influenced by the SiO2 bond-phase morphology (CF, C2S, C3S, or glass) rather than
the cooling rate.
C1 [Park, Tae Jun; Choi, Joon Sung; Min, Dong Joon] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea.
RP Park, TJ (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro,
OI Park, Tae Jun/0000-0002-5830-1039
Cai BY, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P642, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-
552
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NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 2
BP 790
EP 798
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01518-y
PG 9
Engineering
GA HN9QI
UT WOS:000460533600020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Capuzzi, S
Kvithyld, A
Timelli, G
Nordmark, A
Gumbmann, E
Engh, TA
AF Capuzzi, Stefano
Kvithyld, Anne
Timelli, Giulio
Nordmark, Arne
Gumbmann, Eva
Engh, Thorvald Abel
TI Coalescence of Clean, Coated, and Decoated Aluminum for Various Salts,
and Salt-Scrap Ratios
SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum alloy scrap; Salt flux; Coalescence; Decoating; Recycling
ID BEVERAGE CANS; RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR; FURNACE; RECYCLE; ALLOYS; DROPS;
SLAGS
AB In a rotary furnace for aluminum recycling and dross treatment, a salt flux
covers the molten metal to prevent new oxidation and to capture oxides, and
impurities contained in the scrap. Furthermore, the salt must promote the
coalescence of the metal drops trapped in the dross. This work deals with the
coalescence of aluminum droplets obtained by melting scrap with different impurity
contents under salt fluxes characterized by various compositions. The scrap was
stamped out from AA3000 coil with and without coating in the form of disks. One
hundred disks, covered by molten flux, were melted in a ceramic crucible placed in
an induction furnace at 790 degrees C. Thermal decoating treatments at various
temperatures, i.e., 400, 500 and 600 degrees C, were performed to reduce the amount
of impurities on the scrap surface. Two salts already used in industry were
compared with an experimental one. The salts are here referred to as (1) Industrial
salt (2) Recycled salt and (3) Cryolite salt, respectively. CaF2 was added to the
Industrial and to the Recycled salts while the experimental one, Cryolite salt,
contained Na3AlF6, as suggested by the name. The amount of salt ranged from 0 to 4
times the mass of the scrap. The coalescence efficiency has been evaluated through
a factor that ranges from zero (no coalescence) to more than 20 (all drops coalesce
to one big drop) considering the fraction of coalesced drops, and their average
diameters. The coalescence behavior is negatively affected by the coating, but a
suitable decoating treatment and fluxing can lead to the coalescence of the
aluminum drops. A complete coalescence is achieved by melting clean disks under the
flux that contains cryolite, giving a coalescence factor of 21, while the drops do
not coalesce if CaF2 salt is added. The same results are obtained if coated disks
are decoated at a temperature higher than the combustion temperature of the
coating, i.e., 600 degrees C. Industrial salt gives a coalescence factor lower than
3, while Recycled salt gives a coalescence factor of 4. No positive effects are
obtained adding CaF2 amounts ranging between 2 and 6 wt%.
C1 [Capuzzi, Stefano; Timelli, Giulio] Univ Padua, Dept Management & Engn, I-36100
Vicenza, Italy.
[Kvithyld, Anne; Nordmark, Arne] SINTEF, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
[Gumbmann, Eva] HYDRO, N-3080 Holmestrand, Norway.
[Engh, Thorvald Abel] NTNU, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
C3 University of Padua; SINTEF
RP Capuzzi, S (corresponding author), Univ Padua, Dept Management & Engn, I-36100
Vicenza, Italy.
EM capuzzi@gest.unipd.it; Anne.Kvithyld@sintef.no; timelli@gest.unipd.it;
Arne.Nordmark@sintef.no; Eva.Gumbmann@hydro.com;
thorvald.engh@material.ntnu.no
RI Timelli, Giulio/K-3892-2015
OI Timelli, Giulio/0000-0002-7549-6499
FU Erasmus
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from Erasmus, and for the
facilities and materials provided by SFI Metal Production and Hydro
Aluminum. The authors would particularly like to thank Erik Vullum
(SINTEF) for its support with the SEM micrographs, and Syverin Lierhagen
for its assistance with the ICP-MS analysis.
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NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 66
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2199-3823
EI 2199-3831
J9 J SUSTAIN METALL
JI J. SUST. METALL.
PD SEP
PY 2018
VL 4
IS 3
BP 343
EP 358
DI 10.1007/s40831-018-0176-2
PG 16
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
GA GR5HN
UT WOS:000442659000004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Bao, YH
Ma, R
Li, Y
Gong, L
Zhang, YT
Niu, ZR
Xin, BP
AF Wang, Jia
Bao, Yihui
Ma, Rui
Li, Yao
Gong, Lu
Zhang, Yongtao
Niu, Zhirui
Xin, Baoping
TI Gallium recovery from aluminum smelting slag via a novel combined
process of bioleaching and chemical methods
SO HYDROMETALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-smelting slag; Bioleaching; Selective recovery of gallium; Milk of
lime
ID ELECTROPLATING SLUDGE; EXTRACTION; WASTE; METALS; ACID; RESOURCES;
INDUSTRY; VANADIUM; SULFUR
AB Smelting slag generally contains a large number of heavy metals. In this study,
the separation and selective recovery of gallium from aluminum smelting slag was
studied deeply. Processes for bioleaching and recovering gallium from aluminum
smelting slag have been executed. Under the condition of 2% pulp density, the Ga
dissolution reached 505 mg/L, with a Ga bioleaching efficiency close to 100%. Ion
exchange resin, fractionation precipitation, and milk of lime were assessed to test
their efficiency in the separation and selective recovery of Ga from bioleachate.
The results show ion exchange resin does not have selectivity to separate Ga from
metals based pregnant bioleachate. In addition, due to the similar properties
between Ga and Al elements, copercipitation reaction occurred, consequently
resulting in the failure of chemical fractionation precipitation to separate and
recover Ga. However, under the optimized experimental conditions, the milk of lime
technique yielded the maximum recovery of 60.6%, proving that the method is
superior to the first two methods. Therefore, a combined process development of
bioleaching and milk of lime can be considered high-efficiency, economically and
environmentally friendly for separating and selective recovery of Ga from aluminum
smelting slag.
C1 [Wang, Jia; Bao, Yihui; Ma, Rui; Li, Yao; Gong, Lu; Zhang, Yongtao; Niu, Zhirui;
Xin, Baoping] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R
China.
[Zhang, Yongtao; Niu, Zhirui] Yanan Univ, Sch Petr & Environm Engn, Yanan
C3 Beijing Institute of Technology; Yanan University
RP Xin, BP (corresponding author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
EM xinbaoping@bit.edu
RI 牛, 志睿/GXN-0645-2022; ma, rui/JGE-4890-2023
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21777007]; Beijing Natural
Science Foundation [8172042]; Shandong Foundation of Sciences and
Technology for Environment Protection [20131041016]
FX We highly appreciate financial support from National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21777007), Beijing Natural Science Foundation
(8172042) and Shandong Foundation of Sciences and Technology for
Environment Protection (20131041016).
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NR 34
TC 9
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 44
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0304-386X
EI 1879-1158
J9 HYDROMETALLURGY
JI Hydrometallurgy
PD MAY
PY 2018
VL 177
BP 140
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2018.03.009
PG 6
GA GK5KD
UT WOS:000436213100018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bae, MA
Kim, MH
Park, JW
Lee, MS
AF Bae, Min A.
Kim, Myung Hwan
Park, Jeong-Wook
Lee, Man Sig
TI Effect of Additives on the Sand Burning of Inorganic Binder in Al-Si7Mg
Alloy Casting
SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF METALS AND MATERIALS
LA Korean
DT Article
DE inorganic binder; sand burning; Al-Si7Mg alloy casting; sand core
ID FOUNDRY; STARCH; SLAG
AB Traditional organic binders used by the foundry industry produce problems such
as generation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), smoke and etc. A water glass
binder system has been developed to improve the casting strength and to solve the
environmental problems. However the water glass binder has a serious problem of
sand burning. In this study, a commercial water glass binder was modified to reduce
sand burning during aluminium casting by the addition of Calcium carbonate,
activated carbon, and monosaccharide. The modified water glass binder was
characterized by XRF, viscometer and TGA-DTA. We then evaluated the water glass
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be maximized with the monosaccharide-added water glass binder. Casting evaluation
showed reduced sand burning for the water glass binder with mono saccharide. Also,
core strength was found to be similar to the commercial water glass binder. These
results prove that the monosaccharide-added water glass binder could replace the
traditional organic binder.
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Green Mat & Proc Grp, Ulsan 44413, South Korea.
[Park, Jeong-Wook] DR AXION Co Ltd, R&D Ctr, Ulsan 44466, South Korea.
C3 Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH)
RP Lee, MS (corresponding author), Korea Inst Ind Technol KITECH, Green Mat & Proc
Grp, Ulsan 44413, South Korea.
EM lms5440@kitech.re.kr
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NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 18
PU KOREAN INST METALS MATERIALS
PI SEOUL
PA KIM BLDG 6TH FLOOR, SEOCHO-DAERO 56 GIL 38, SEOCHO-GU, SEOUL 137-881,
SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-8228
J9 KOREAN J MET MATER
JI Korean J. Met. Mater.
PD APR
PY 2018
VL 56
IS 4
BP 327
EP 333
DI 10.3365/KJMM.2018.56.4.327
PG 7
Engineering
GA GC9ZF
UT WOS:000430156800010
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Spooner, S
Li, ZS
Sridhar, S
AF Spooner, Stephen
Li, Zushu
TI Spontaneous Emulsification as a Function of Material Exchange
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-TENSION; LIQUID-IRON; SLAG
AB Direct visualization at 1873 K of 0% to 8% molten FeAl droplets suspended in a
SiO2 enriched oxide medium was carried out to image the evolution of droplet
morphology during reaction between Al and SiO2. Phenomena such as perturbation
growth, necking and budding of offspring droplets from a bulk body are observed.
The observations are used to discuss and inform a new approach to the nature of
interfacial tension and the impact this has on concepts used to define interfacial
tension for a two phase system with material exchange across the interface. The
mapping of global interfacial tension coupled with free energy dissipation has been
used to give an energetic reasoning as to the behaviour seen with respect to
aluminium content in the metal phase.
C1 [Spooner, Stephen; Li, Zushu; Sridhar, Seetharaman] Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry
CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
C3 University of Warwick
RP Spooner, S (corresponding author), Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W
Midlands, England.
EM s.spooner@warwick.ac.uk
OI Spooner, Stephen/0009-0004-5187-3423
FU Tata Steel; EPSRC [1356074]; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research
Council [1356074, EP/N011368/1] Funding Source: researchfish; EPSRC
[EP/N011368/1] Funding Source: UKRI
FX The authors would like to thank Tata Steel and EPSRC grant number
1356074 for financial support. We would also like to thank Dr Hongbin
Yin for contribution of material to the project.
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NR 20
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUL 14
PY 2017
VL 7
AR 5450
DI 10.1038/s41598-017-05861-5
PG 12
GA FA5EA
UT WOS:000405464200087
PM 28710442
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, C
Deng, CJ
Zhu, HX
Xue, ZL
Ding, J
AF Yu, Chao
Deng, Chengji
Zhu, Hongxi
Xue, Zhengliang
Ding, Jun
TI Slag corrosion resistance of Al4SiC4
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Al4SiC4; Aluminium; Slag resistance; Corrosion resistance
ID ALUMINA
AB Powdered mixtures of Al2O3/SiO2/C/Al were heated together to synthesize Al4SiC4
and the corrosion resistance of the Al4SiC4 product was subsequently investigated.
The results show that the addition of aluminium accelerates the synthesis of
Al4SiC4. The slag corrosion resistance of the Al4SiC4 product is excellent ( as
determined using the static-crucible method). At high temperatures, the surface of
the Al4SiC4 initially reacts with oxygen to form Al2O3 and SiO2. The Al2O3 formed
dissolves in molten slag, and further reacts with MgO to form MgAl2O4. The above
reaction processes can form a protective layer on the surface of the ternary
carbide, which inhibits further corrosion of the Al4SiC4 material.
C1 [Yu, Chao; Deng, Chengji; Zhu, Hongxi; Xue, Zhengliang; Ding, Jun] Wuhan Univ
Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
RP Zhu, HX (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
EM wust6168@hotmail.com
RI Yu, Chao/AAD-9978-2022
OI Yu, Chao/0000-0003-3187-7588
FU NSFC (National Natural Science Foundation of China, China) [51602232,
51574187, 51502215]
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the NSFC (National
Natural Science Foundation of China, China) grant nos. 51602232,
51574187 and 51502215.
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Z9 10
U1 2
U2 14
PU CARL HANSER VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY
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JI Int. J. Mater. Res.
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PY 2017
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BP 249
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GA EN3ES
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DA 2023-12-05
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PT J
AU Kumar, A
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Ikram-ul-Haq, M
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Sahajwalla, V
AF Kumar, Anup
Khanna, Rita
Ikram-ul-Haq, Mohammad
Spink, John
Sahajwalla, Veena
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Casting Mould Meniscus Slags at 1 550 °C
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; carbon based refractories; casting; corrosion; meniscus slags
ID CALCIUM-ALUMINUM-SILICATE; CERAMIC SYSTEMS; CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS;
SINTERED ALUMINA; DISSOLUTION RATE; SAPPHIRE; KINETICS
AB The degradation behavior of alumina (10-20 wt%) carbon refractories was
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extent by dissolution reactions in the interfacial region; alumina dissolution from
the refractory resulted in the formation of needle-like corundum crystallites which
transformed to a cohesive network of faceted corundum crystals on extended contact.
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C1 [Kumar, Anup; Khanna, Rita; Ikram-ul-Haq, Mohammad; Sahajwalla, Veena] Univ New
S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Sustainable Mat Res & Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052,
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[Spink, John] BlueScope Steel, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
C3 University of New South Wales Sydney
RP Khanna, R (corresponding author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr
Sustainable Mat Res & Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM ritakhanna@unsw.edu.au
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TC 9
Z9 10
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U2 6
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2016
VL 87
IS 1
BP 46
EP 56
DI 10.1002/srin.201400590
PG 11
GA DD3LL
UT WOS:000369823600006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shu, QF
Zhang, X
Chou, KC
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Zhang, X.
Chou, K. C.
TI Structural viscosity model for aluminosilicate slags
LA English
DT Article
DE Viscosity; Slag; Modelling; Structure
ID OPTICAL BASICITY; SILICATE MELTS; MOLTEN SLAGS; PART I; SYSTEM;
ALUMINUM; GLASSES; NMR; LIQUIDS; BINARY
AB Based on the structure of aluminosilicate slag, a new model has been proposed
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a mean deviation of less than 25% was achieved. Since most viscosity measurements
for molten slag at high temperature ware subject to an experimental uncertainty of
25%, the present model could provide accurate viscosity values for slag systems
investigated.
C1 [Shu, Q. F.; Zhang, X.; Chou, K. C.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
[Shu, Q. F.; Chou, K. C.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
Technology Beijing
RP Shu, QF (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM shuqifeng@ustb.edu.cn
RI Shu, Qifeng/AGO-3293-2022; Chou, Kuo-Chen/A-8340-2009
OI Shu, Qifeng/0000-0001-5434-3314
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Shu QF, 2011, STEEL RES INT, V82, P779, DOI 10.1002/srin.201000112
7037(82)90059-X
NR 46
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 21
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 42
IS 9
BP 641
EP 647
DI 10.1179/1743281214Y.0000000264
PG 7
GA CZ3VD
UT WOS:000367031200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, P
Zhang, M
Wang, ZB
Seetharaman, S
AF Li, Peng
Zhang, Mei
Wang, Zhenbo
Seetharaman, Seshadri
TI BF slag resistance of
β-Si3Al3O3N5 material
derived from Al salt cake
LA English
DT Article
DE Salt cake; Slag resistance; beta-SiAlON; Silicothermal; Dissolution
ID SILICON-NITRIDE CERAMICS; DISSOLUTION RATE; ALUMINUM DROSS; SOLUBILITY;
CORROSION; CAO-SIO2; NITROGEN; SIALONS
AB In the process of recycling of salt cake from secondary aluminium smelting, it
was shown that a significant value addition can be made as beta-Si3Al3O3N5 could be
successfully synthesized from the rest product after water-leaching by
silicothermal reduction method. In order to evaluate its refractory application,
the corrosion behavior in blast furnace slag was investigated under static
condition at 1400-1480 degrees C in the present work. The results show that the
beta-Si3Al3O3N5 material has good slag resistance. The apparent activation energy
obtained for corrosion process is -388.7 kJ/mol, revealing a more complicated
dissolution mechanism. The corrosion process is started with the dissolution of
intergranular phase including the iron silicides and glassy phases in the
specimens, which is aided by the softening at high temperature and the continuous
attack from slag, then followed by the dissolution of beta-Si3Al3O3N5 grains in the
slag. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Peng; Wang, Zhenbo] China Univ Petr East China, Coll Chem Engn, Qingdao
[Zhang, Mei] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Seetharaman, Seshadri] Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044
Stockholm, Sweden.
C3 China University of Petroleum; University of Science & Technology
Beijing; Royal Institute of Technology
RP Zhang, M (corresponding author), China Univ Petr East China, Coll Chem Engn,
Qingdao 266580, Peoples R China.
EM zhangmei@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Science Foundation of China [51,372,019, 51074009, 50874013];
National Science and Technology Supporting Program [2011BAB03B02]
FX The National Science Foundation of China (no. 51,372,019, 51074009,
50874013) and National Science and Technology Supporting Program (no.
2011BAB03B02) are duly acknowledged for their financial support. The
authors also thank for analysis support from College of Chemical
Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China).
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NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0955-2219
EI 1873-619X
J9 J EUR CERAM SOC
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 35
IS 4
BP 1307
EP 1315
PG 9
GA AZ2TD
UT WOS:000348084300018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Qian, GY
Jiang, F
Cheng, GG
Wang, CS
AF Qian, G. -Y.
Jiang, F.
Cheng, G. -G.
Wang, C-S.
TI Effect of TiO2 addition to LF refining slag on the Ti, Al,
and cleanliness of Ti-stabilized stainless steel
SO METALLURGICAL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE TiO2; LF refining slag; oxidation rate; Ti yield; Ti-stabilized
stainless steel
AB The influence of TiO2 addition to LF refining slag on Ti-stabilized stainless
steel was evaluated using a vacuum induction furnace at 1873 K. The effect of CaO-
SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 basic slags with different TiO2 contents on the titanium loss,
aluminum loss and total oxygen content in the steel was studied. It was observed
that the oxidation rate of Ti first decreases and then increases with the increase
in the content of TiO2 in slag and reaches the minimum when 8%TiO2 is added to the
slag. However, the change in the oxidation rate of Al shows the opposite tendency.
The total oxygen in the molten steel remains unchanged with time when 8%TiO2 is
added to the slag, and the total oxygen of the others increases monotonically with
time. The activities of TiO2 and Al2O3 from the calculation of the ion and molecule
coexistence theory (IMCT) in the initial slag present the same change tendency, and
both first increase and then decrease with the gradual increase in TiO2 in the slag
and reach the maximum when 8%TiO2 is added to the slag. The results of a kinetic
analysis showed that the rate-determining step of the oxidation of Ti in the steel
is the mass transfer on the slag side, and the rate-determining step of the
oxidation of Al in the steel is the mass transfer on the metal side.
C1 [Qian, G. -Y.; Cheng, G. -G.; Wang, C-S.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key
Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Jiang, F.] Xingtai Iron & Steel Corp LTD, Xingtai Hebei 54027, Hebei, Peoples R
China.
RP Qian, GY (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM qianguoyu_yejin@126.com
of China (No. 51374020) and every student in our lab for their
assistance with the experiment.
CR Cavazos JL, 2011, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V27, P530, DOI
10.1179/026708309X12506933873747
Chen J.X., 1984, STEEL COMMONLY USED
Kato R, 2011, STEEL RES INT, V82, P543, DOI 10.1002/srin.201100036
Kim D.-S., 1993, STEELMAKING C P, P291
Kim D.S., 1997, STEELMAKING C P, P145
Lee Y.D., 1993, J KOREAN INST MET MA, V31, P984
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MADDALENA RR, 2000, IRON STEELMAKER DEC, P71
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Nunnington RC, 2001, ELECT FURN CONF PROC, V19, P361
Zhang J, 2007, COMPUTATIONAL THERMO
NR 15
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 18
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
J9 METALL RES TECHNOL
JI Metall. Res. Technol.
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 4
BP 229
EP 237
DI 10.1051/metal/2014029
PG 9
GA AR8SI
UT WOS:000343844300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Socha, L
Bazan, J
Gryc, K
Morávka, J
Styrnal, P
Pilka, V
Piegza, Z
AF Socha, Ladislav
Bazan, Jiri
Gryc, Karel
Moravka, Jan
Styrnal, Petr
Pilka, Vaclav
Piegza, Zbygnev
TI OPTIMISATION OF THE SLAG MODE IN THE LADLE DURING THE STEEL PROCESSING
OF SECONDARY METALLURGY
SO MATERIALI IN TEHNOLOGIJE
LA English
DT Article
DE secondary metallurgy; slag; fluxing agents; steel; desulphurization
ID TEMPERATURE
AB Optimisation of the slag mode in the ladle with the help of briquetted fluxing
agents, based on Al2O3 under various technological conditions is the object of this
paper. The aim of the industrial experiments was to assess the possibility of
achieving the optimum chemical composition of the slag that would improve the
kinetic conditions of the refining ladle slag during the treatment in secondary
metallurgy units. Industrial experiments were focused on comparing the influences
of different slag-making agents such as lime (CaO), briquetted fluxing agents and
deoxidation agents forming calcium carbide (CaC2) and granular aluminium (Al-
granul). During the evaluation of the slag mode in the ladle, samples of the steel
from different technological places under operational conditions were taken to
assess the desulphurization degree. The samples of the slag for evaluating the
chosen parameters, such as basicity, the content of easily reducible oxides, the
proportion of CaO/Al2O3 and the Mannesmann index, were taken too. Further, the
temperature and the oxygen activity in the steel were continuously measured too.
The results mentioned in this paper represent the basic information about the
possibilities of the slag-mode optimisation in the ladle using different
proportions of the slag-making additions, briquetted fluxing agents as well as the
deoxidation agents within secondary metallurgy.
C1 [Socha, Ladislav; Bazan, Jiri; Gryc, Karel] Tech Univ Ostrava, FMME, Dept Met &
Foundry, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic.
[Moravka, Jan] Mat & Met Vyzkum Sro, Ostrava 70602, Czech Republic.
[Styrnal, Petr] JAP Trading Sro, Trinec 73994, Czech Republic.
[Pilka, Vaclav; Piegza, Zbygnev] Trinecke Zelezarny As, Trinec Stare Mesto
73970, Czech Republic.
C3 Technical University of Ostrava
RP Socha, L (corresponding author), Tech Univ Ostrava, FMME, Dept Met & Foundry, 17
Listopadu 15-2172, Ostrava 70833, Czech Republic.
EM ladislav.socha@vsb.cz
RI Gryc, Karel/AAX-3983-2020; Gryc, Karel/B-8268-2014; SOCHA,
Ladislav/ABH-4531-2020; Socha, Ladislav/HPC-8412-2023
OI Gryc, Karel/0000-0002-5589-1336; Gryc, Karel/0000-0001-5385-6628;
FU Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade [FR-TI2/319, FR-TI1/240]
FX The work was carried out with the support of the Czech Ministry of
Industry and Trade within the frame of the program MPO-TIP and the
projects with the reg. No. FR-TI2/319 and reg. No. FR-TI1/240.
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Gryc K, 2012, MATER TEHNOL, V46, P403
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NR 11
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU INST ZA KOVINSKE MATERIALE I IN TEHNOLOGIE
PI LJUBJANA
PA LEPI POT 11, LJUBJANA, 10000, SLOVENIA
SN 1580-2949
J9 MATER TEHNOL
JI Mater. Tehnol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 5
BP 673
EP 678
PG 6
Engineering
GA 239ER
UT WOS:000326005900022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CC
Cheng, GG
Long, H
Yang, XH
AF Wu, Chengchuan
Cheng, Guoguang
Long, Hu
Yang, Xiaohong
TI A Thermodynamic Model for Evaluation of Mass Action Concentrations of
Ce2O3-contained Slag Systems Based on the Ion and
Molecule Coexistence Theory
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3-Ce2O3; CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Ce2O3; coexistence theory; mass action
concentration; thermodynamic model
ID CAO-SIO2-MGO-AL2O3 IRONMAKING SLAGS; PHASE-RELATIONS; DISSOLUTION;
ALUMINA
AB According to the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT) for molten slags and
corresponding phase diagrams, a thermodynamic model for the evaluation of mass
action concentrations (designated by N-i for structure unit i) for Ce2O3-Al2O3,
CaO-Al2O3-Ce2O3 and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-Ce2O3 slag systems has been formulated. The
results show that when the mole fraction of Ce2O3 is at 0.49 in the binary slag,
the mass action concentration of Ce2O3 center dot Al2O3 achieves its maximum value
0.90. In a composition area of CaO/Al2O3 (mass fraction ratio) from 0.7 to 1.5 and
Ce2O3 content (mass fraction) from 0 to 45% of the ternary slag at 1773 K, the
results show that trends of calculated N-Al2O3 are in good agreement with reported
measured trends of alpha(Al2O3). The iso-curves of N-Ce2O3 and N-CaO are also drawn
from the calculated results. A thermodynamic model of the equilibrium between
55.83%CaO-23%Al2O3-11.17%SiO2-10%Ce2O3 quaternary slag and molten steel containing
aluminum has been further discussed. Results indicate that certain content of Ce
would be dissolved in steel, which increases with the increasing of temperature and
aluminum content, and when the aluminum content is 0.02%, the corresponding cerium
content is in the range of 1.87 to 13.30 ppm at 1873 K. In summary, using Ce2O3 to
replace Al2O3 can effectively reduce N-Al2O3, certain content of Ce can dissolved
in steel.
C1 [Wu, Chengchuan; Cheng, Guoguang; Long, Hu; Yang, Xiaohong] Beijing Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, CC (corresponding author), Beijing Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv
EM wuchengchuan163@163.com
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NR 20
TC 9
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 33
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 3
BP 207
EP 214
DI 10.1515/htmp-2012-0119
PG 8
GA 170PY
UT WOS:000320866700003
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, J
AF Campbell, John
TI LEAKAGE DEFECTS VIA BUBBLE TRAILS IN GREY IRON CASTINGS
LA English
DT Article
AB Recent work with aluminum alloy castings indicated that bubbles of oxidising
gases emanating from sand cores produced trails of oxide that could form leakage
defects. The present work was conducted to determine if similar behavior could be
observed in iron castings.
Leakage defects in large grey iron diesel engine crankcase castings were
therefore opened by fracturing. The fracture surfaces were subjected to an SEM
study, revealing the leak paths that were determined to be bubble trails resulting
from the blowing of a core. There appeared to be two distinct types of leak
structure.
1) Well-formed clusters of perhaps 10 or 20 bubble trails. Some trails were
formed from films that were translucent when viewed by SEM, being only a few tens
of nanometres thick and seemed likely to be amorphous, and possibly recorded the
passage of single bubbles. Thicker films probably originated from the passage of
multiple oxidising bubbles, and had crystallised, consisting of crystals
approximately I pin diameter. Both thin and thick trails appeared to consist of
tubes formed from films of iron silicates. These are thought to originate from
fairly modest core blow events characterised by only microscopic exits at the
surface of the casting.
2) Severe damage from more serious blow events more akin to volcanic eruptions,
creating deep craters on the casting surface measured in millimetres. Internal
features include masses of siliceous oxide slag material that was thought to be the
residue of early silicate trails, plus highly damaged carbonaceous trails composed
of what appeared to be graphitic films. It is not clear whether the different
bubble trail compositions can be attributed to the different oxidising and reducing
gases evolved by the core during the progress of the decomposition of its organic
binder or whether the effect is a natural consequence of the oxidation of cast iron
at different temperatures.
C1 Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.
C3 University of Birmingham
RP Campbell, J (corresponding author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham, W Midlands,
England.
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NR 8
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER FOUNDRY SOC INC
PI SCHAUMBURG
PA 1695 N PENNY LN, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4555 USA
SN 1939-5981
J9 INT J METALCA ST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD FAL
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 1
BP 7
EP 20
DI 10.1007/BF03355414
PG 14
GA 482IN
UT WOS:000268879100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Sydykov, A
Friedrich, B
Arnold, A
AF Sydykov, A
Friedrich, B
Arnold, A
BE Schneider, WA
TI Impact of parameter changes on the aluminum recovery in a rotary kiln
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CT 131st TMS Annual Meeting
CY FEB 17-21, 2002
CL SEATTLE, WA
AB The remelting process of a coarse metal fraction in a rotary kiln was
investigated to research the effects of salt flux quantity, fluoride addition,
aluminum oxide content, temperature and rotation speed of kiln on metal yield, salt
slag properties and its constitution.
The metal recovery of the aluminum scrap remelting in a short rotary kiln is
stromg influenced by metal losses in salt slags due to the lack of coalescence of
dispersed droplets.
The effects of fluoride type and concentration, kind of aluminum alloy and
temperature on the coalescence of aluminum droplets in salt flux was investigated.
In order to explain the observed behaviour of CaF2, the polythermic section of the
ternary system NaCl-KCl-CaF2 related to salt fluxes was studied.
Flour ion is discussed as an active constituent of salt melts promoting the
coalescence and also affecting the interfacial tension between aluminum and flux.
C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME, Inst Proc Met & Met
Recycling, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
RP Sydykov, A (corresponding author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Rhein Westfal TH
Aachen, IME, Inst Proc Met & Met Recycling, Intzestr 3, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
RI Friedrich, Bretislav/ABI-7404-2020
OI Friedrich, Bretislav/0000-0002-1299-4239; Friedrich, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr.
h.c. Bernd/0000-0002-2934-2034
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NR 26
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-519-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2002
BP 1045
EP 1052
PG 8
GA BU35M
UT WOS:000175748000148
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SK
Kim, YJ
AF Kim, SK
Kim, YJ
TI Microstructural evolution and thixoformability of semisolid SiCp/AZ91D
Mg composites
LA English
DT Article
DE thixoforming; SiCp/AZ91D magnesium composite; Rotation-Cylinder method;
microstructural evolution; thixoformability
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; REINFORCED MAGNESIUM COMPOSITE; HETEROGENEOUS
NUCLEATION; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM; SOLIDIFICATION; ALLOY
AB Rotation-Cylinder method (RCM) as a primary manufacturing process and
thixoforming as a secondary forming process are discussed. RCM allows the
production of U-shaped laminar melt surface with Rankine vortex, thus significantly
reducing particle agglomeration and entrapped slags. Thixoforming is of particular
interest as a secondary forming process because of the low fluidity of the
composites and the significant wear produced on machining tools and extrusion and
forging dies. Some indications about mechanical properties of the composites are
also presented.
C1 Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Met & Mat Engn, Jangan Gu, Suwon 440746, Gyunggi Do,
South Korea.
C3 Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)
RP Kim, SK (corresponding author), Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Met & Mat Engn, Jangan
Gu, 300 Chunchun Dong, Suwon 440746, Gyunggi Do, South Korea.
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NR 37
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD JUL
PY 2001
VL 42
IS 7
BP 1277
EP 1283
DI 10.2320/matertrans.42.1277
PG 7
Engineering
GA 462EW
UT WOS:000170408600022
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pinto, ECD
Takano, C
AF Pinto, ECD
Takano, C
TI Activity of calcium in dilute liquid Si-Ca alloy
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLTEN SILICON; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; PHOSPHORUS; ALUMINUM
AB The activity coefficient of calcium in dilute silicon solutions was measured by
equilibrating a CaO-SiO(2) slag, at silica saturation, with electronic grade
silicon, inside a vitreous silica crucible, heated at 1823 K (1550 degreesC) and
1923 K (1650 degreesC). The equilibrium was reached starting with pure silicon as
well as with calcium-silicon alloys having calcium content above the equilibrium
concentration. At 1823 K (1550 degreesC), the value of gamma (0)(Ca) was determined
as 0.00059 +/- 0.00002 and at 1923 K (1650 degreesC) as 0.00091 +/- 0.00005. with
these values, a temperature dependence expression of gamma (0)(Ca) was proposed.
The results were shown to be consistent with values measured by other authors in
the range 0.30 < X(Ca) < 1 through the use of the alpha function.
C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Met & Mat Engn, BR-5508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
C3 Universidade de Sao Paulo
RP Pinto, ECD (corresponding author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Met & Mat Engn, BR-
5508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RI Takano, Cyro/AAM-9118-2021
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NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD DEC
PY 2000
VL 31
IS 6
BP 1267
EP 1272
PG 6
Engineering
GA 386FR
UT WOS:000166050600014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU GRIESHABER, KW
PHILIPP, CT
BENNETT, GF
AF GRIESHABER, KW
PHILIPP, CT
BENNETT, GF
TI PROCESS FOR RECYCLING SPENT POTLINER AND ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACE DUST INTO
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS USING OXYGEN ENRICHMENT
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
CT 1994 Annual Gulf Coast Environmental Conference: Priorities in Pollution
Prevention
CY 1994
CL BEAUMONT, TX
AB This paper discusses the Enviroscience, Inc. (ESI) process for recycling
hazardous wastes by extractive metallurgy followed by vitrification of non-
reducible metal oxides. In this process, volatile and reducible metals are
reclaimed as their respective oxides and elements. Non-reducible metal oxides are
converted into a man-made vitreous fiber identical in chemical content to mineral
wool fiber known as rock or slag wool. The project discussed here involved aluminum
plant and steel plant recycling of potliner and EAF dust into commercial products.
Potliner (K088) is produced by primary aluminum plants. The annual waste
generation rate is 130,000 tons/year. Electric Arc furnace dust (K061) is produced
by 76 steel companies and the annual generation rate is estimated to be 600,000
tons/year.
An 18-inch I.D. (pilot plant scale) countercurrent mineral wool type shaft
furnace was used in the project. The feed was spent potliner and electric arc
furnace dust. The pilot plant results were 1) cyanide consumption as a reductant:
96.89% to 99.55%, 2) fluoride utilization: 69.2% to 89.50%, 3) zinc recovery:
96.54% to 97.76%, 4) cadmium recovery: 99.47% to 99.99%, 5) lead recovery : 97.98%.
to 99.41%, 6) slag (fiber) recovery: 49.33% to 64.31%, 7) iron recovery: 95.12% to
96.93% in the iron and slag (fiber) products.
Oxygen enrichment tests conducted by Airco increased the furnace melt rate by
44.8% and reduced coke consumption (energy use) by 41.4%. No detectable levels of
NO2, N2O3, H2S, SO, or SO2 were found in limited emissions test. Oxygen enrichment
resulted in 66.3% fiber production. Analytical results on the enriched zinc oxide
iron and fiber products are comparable to prior tests conducted by Enviroscience.
As a result of these tests, extractive metallurgy combined with fiber production
(vitrification) has now been proven to be a cost-effective recycle process when
compared to thermal treatment, secure landfill disposal or standard HTMR processes.
The process provides for the production of commercial products from select
inorganic liquid, semi-solid, and solid hazardous wastes.
C1 ENVIROSCI INC,HOT SPRINGS,AR 71901.
UNIV TOLEDO,TOLEDO,OH 43606.
C3 University System of Ohio; University of Toledo
RP GRIESHABER, KW (corresponding author), MELT TECHNOL AIRCO GASES,MURRAY HILL,NJ,
USA.
CR GRIESHABER KW, 1993, PRODUCTION COMMERCIA
GRIESHABER KW, COMMUNICATION
KRUKOWSKI J, 1993, POLLUTION ENG MAY, P30
LITTLE AD, 1993, CMP931 REP
PHILIPP CT, Patent No. 5198190
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SIMS BH, 1991, CONFIDENTIAL REPORT, V13
1992, WASHINGTON STATE DEP, V9258
1991, TIMA APR, P16
NR 9
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PY 1994
VL 14
IS 3-4
BP 267
EP 276
DI 10.1016/0956-053X(94)90072-8
PG 10
GA NZ089
UT WOS:A1994NZ08900010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Myakalwar, AK
Sandoval, C
Velasquez, M
Sbarbaro, D
Sepulveda, B
Yanez, J
AF Myakalwar, Ashwin Kumar
Sandoval, Claudio
Velasquez, Marizu
Sbarbaro, Daniel
Sepulveda, Benjamin
Yanez, Jorge
TI LIBS as a Spectral Sensor for Monitoring Metallic Molten Phase in
Metallurgical Applications-A Review
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Review
DE LIBS; molten metal; pyrometallurgy; spectral sensor
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; IN-SITU ANALYSIS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE;
QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; SLAG ANALYSIS; LIQUID STEEL; ALLOY-STEEL;
DESULFURIZATION PROCESS; CARBON CONTENT; LASER
AB This review article discusses the latest advances on molten phase monitoring in
metallurgical processes by using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). LIBS
is an analytical laser-based technique, where a pulsed laser is focused on a sample
to create a plasma. The optical emission from the plasma can be transferred through
open-path optical configuration or via an optical fiber to a spectrometer to
receive analytical information in the form of elemental composition. Thus, a
relatively long-distance analysis can be performed using LIBS. Several modern
experimental arrangements, patents and industrial notes are assessed, and the
literature is reviewed. The review includes applications of LIBS to analyze steel,
iron, aluminum, copper, slags, metal melts, and other materials. Temperature,
pressure, and atmospheric composition are crucial parameters of any melting
process. Hence, past studies on molten phases describing these parameters have been
discussed. Finally, the review addresses the last technological advances for these
types of applications. It also points out the need of development in some fields
and some limitations to overcome. In addition, the review highlights the use of
modern machine learning and data processing techniques to increase the
effectiveness of calibration and quantification approaches. These developments are
expected to improve the performance of LIBS systems already implemented at an
industrial scale and ease the development of new applications in pyrometallurgical
processes to address the stringent market and environmental regulations.
C1 [Myakalwar, Ashwin Kumar; Sandoval, Claudio; Velasquez, Marizu; Sepulveda,
Benjamin; Yanez, Jorge] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Quim, Dept Quim Analit &
Inorgan, Lab Trazas Elementales & Especiac, Concepcion 4070146, Chile.
[Sbarbaro, Daniel] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ingn, Dept Ingn Elect, Concepcion
4070146, Chile.
C3 Universidad de Concepcion; Universidad de Concepcion
RP Myakalwar, AK; Yanez, J (corresponding author), Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias
Quim, Dept Quim Analit & Inorgan, Lab Trazas Elementales & Especiac, Concepcion
4070146, Chile.
EM dsbarbar@udec.cl
RI Myakalwar, Ashwin kumar/AAN-2411-2020
OI Myakalwar, Ashwin kumar/0000-0002-5794-0605; Sepulveda Marin,
Benjamin/0000-0002-0378-4053; Yanez, Jorge/0000-0001-7208-1880;
Velasquez Flores, Marizu/0000-0002-2417-2275; Sbarbaro,
Daniel/0000-0002-0386-1055
FU Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (ANID) [ANILLO ACM
170008]; FONDECYT [3200371, 1191572]
FX This research was funded by Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y
Desarrollo (ANID) ANILLO ACM 170008; FONDECYT Postdoctoral Award No
3200371, FONDECYT 1191572.
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NR 90
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 12
U2 61
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 10
AR 1073
DI 10.3390/min11101073
PG 22
GA WN5HV
UT WOS:000711799400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, YQ
Yu, YL
Zhang, LF
Li, ZT
AF Li, Yaqiong
Yu, Yunlong
Zhang, Lifeng
Li, Zhengtao
TI Interfacial reaction and Al impurity removal at an early stage of Si
purification through slag refining
SO SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Al impurity; Slag refining; Interfacial reaction; An early stage
ID METALLURGICAL GRADE SILICON; BORON REMOVAL; MASS-TRANSFER; CALCIUM;
ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; PRESSURE; KINETICS
AB Use of slag for the Si purification has been widely examined over the past two
decades, which removed impurities through the interfacial reaction of the Si/slag.
In the work, the interactions between the molten Si and slag shortly after the 51
mol%SiO2-34 mol%CaO-15 mol%MgO slag addition were investigated on the basis of the
quenched sample. The microstructure results revealed that the pre-melted slag of 51
mol%SiO2-34 mol%CaO-15 mol%MgO after adding to the Si melts went through three
stages of melting: (I) initial melting, (II) densification, and (III) complete
melting. During the melting process of the slag, it contacted Si melts and formed a
Si/slag interface, and the Al impurity could be oxidized into the Al2O3 and then
diffused into the slag phase, which was viewed as a rate-limiting process for the
Al removal from Si, and the mass transfer coefficient of Al2O3 in 51 mol%SiO2-34
mol%CaO-15 mol%MgO was determined to be 1.8 x 10(-10) m(2)/s by rough calculation.
Overall, this study has contributed to the understanding of the melting process of
slag and the removal behavior of Al impurity at an early stage of slag to molten
Si.
C1 [Li, Yaqiong; Li, Zhengtao] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
[Yu, Yunlong] Southeast Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jiangsu Key Lab Adv Metall
Mat, Nanjing 211189, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Southeast University -
China; Yanshan University
RP Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Yanshan Univ, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci
& Technol, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R China.
EM zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-TP-20-035A2,
FRF-BD-2004A]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan University; Beijing
International Center of Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High
Quality Steel Materials (ICSM), Beijing Key Laboratory of Green
Recycling and Extraction of Metals; High Quality Steel Consortium (HQSC)
at University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China
Foundation of China (No. 51604023), the Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities (FRF-TP-20-035A2, No. FRF-BD-2004A), the High
Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan University, and Beijing International
Center of Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel
Materials (ICSM), Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Recycling and
Extraction of Metals and the High Quality Steel Consortium (HQSC) at
University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China.
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NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1383-5866
EI 1873-3794
J9 SEP PURIF TECHNOL
JI Sep. Purif. Technol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2021
VL 276
AR 119376
DI 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119376
EA JUL 2021
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA TX4BR
UT WOS:000683034100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mao, KX
Li, L
Xu, M
AF Mao, Kai-xuan
Li, Lei
Xu, Miao
TI Iron and copper recovery from copper slags through smelting with waste
cathode carbon from aluminium electrolysis
SO JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE copper slags; waste cathode carbon; oxidative desulfurization; smelting
reduction; iron and copper recovery; fluoride
ID SURFACE-TENSION; REDUCTION; TECHNOLOGY; MECHANISM
AB To recover metal from copper slags, a new process involving two steps of
oxidative desulfurization followed by smelting reduction was proposed in which one
hazardous waste (waste cathode carbon) was used to treat another (copper slags).
The waste cathode carbon is used not only as a reducing agent but also as a fluxing
agent to decrease slag melting point. Upon holding for 60 min in air atmosphere
first and then smelting with 14.4 wt% waste cathode carbon and 25 wt% CaO for 180
min in high purity Ar atmosphere at 1450 degrees C, the recovery rates of Cu and Fe
reach 95.89% and 94.64%, respectively, and meanwhile greater than 90% of the
fluoride from waste cathode carbon is transferred into the final slag as CaF2 and
Ca2Si2F2O7, which makes the content of soluble F in the slag meet the national
emission standard. Besides, the sulphur content in the obtained Fe-Cu alloy is low
to 0.03 wt%.
C1 [Mao, Kai-xuan; Li, Lei; Xu, Miao] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
[Mao, Kai-xuan; Li, Lei; Xu, Miao] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Engn
Res Ctr Met Energy Conservat & Emiss Reduct, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R
China.
[Mao, Kai-xuan; Li, Lei; Xu, Miao] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
RP Li, L (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Complex
Nonferrous Met Resources Cl, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Li, L
(corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Engn Res Ctr Met
Energy Conservat & Emiss Reduct, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Li, L
(corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming
650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
EM tianxiametal1008@163.com
FU [U1602272]; [2020-07-25]
FX Project(U1602272) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China Received date: 2020-04-15; Accepted date: 2020-07-25
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[Anonymous], GB508532007
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NR 32
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 36
PU JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIV
PI HUNAN
PA EDITORIAL OFF, CHANGSHA, CHINA MAINLAND, HUNAN 410083, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 2095-2899
EI 2227-5223
J9 J CENT SOUTH UNIV
JI J. Cent. South Univ.
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 28
IS 7
BP 2010
EP 2021
DI 10.1007/s11771-021-4749-z
PG 12
GA UR6GI
UT WOS:000696845100009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shu, QF
Alatarvas, T
Visuri, VV
Fabritius, T
AF Shu, Qifeng
Alatarvas, Tuomas
Visuri, Ville-Valtteri
Fabritius, Timo
TI Modelling the Nucleation, Growth and Agglomeration of Alumina Inclusions
in Molten Steel by Combining Kampmann-Wagner Numerical Model with
Particle Size Grouping Method
LA English
DT Article
AB Recent inclusion models are mainly focused on the compositional evolution of
inclusion, steel and slag. Due to the importance of inclusion size distribution to
steel properties, the evolution of inclusion size distributions should also be
accounted for. As the first step to establish a model to predict the evolution of
inclusion size distribution, the nucleation, growth and removal of alumina
inclusions in molten steel were modeled by combining Kampmann and Wagner numerical
model for nucleation, growth and coarsening with particle size grouping method. The
model could simulate the time evolution of the size distribution of alumina
inclusions after aluminum de-oxidation. The model was validated by using the
experimental size distribution data of alumina inclusions available in the
literature. The model calculation results were also compared with previous
simulation results. The influences of interfacial tension between steel and
inclusion and diffusion coefficient on the calculated inclusion size distribution
were investigated. As interfacial tension between steel and alumina increases, the
maximum number density decreases and the peak value of radius increases. As
diffusion coefficient increases, the maximum number density decreases and the peak-
value radius increases. The calculated size distribution curves showed a change
from log normal to fractal, which is due to the change of dominating mechanisms for
crystal growth and agglomeration.
C1 [Shu, Qifeng; Alatarvas, Tuomas; Visuri, Ville-Valtteri; Fabritius, Timo] Univ
Oulu, Proc Met Res Unit, POB 4300, Oulu 90014, Finland.
C3 University of Oulu
RP Shu, QF (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Proc Met Res Unit, POB 4300, Oulu
90014, Finland.
EM qifenq.shu@oulu.fi
OI Alatarvas, Tuomas/0000-0002-9518-6682
FU Academy of Finland [311934]
FX Financial supports from the Academy of Finland for Genome of Steel Grant
(No. 311934) is gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 38
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 3
BP 1818
EP 1829
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02148-z
EA APR 2021
PG 12
Engineering
GA SA1OJ
UT WOS:000636150000003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tripathi, G
Malfliet, A
Blanpain, B
Guo, MX
AF Tripathi, Gaurav
Malfliet, Annelies
Blanpain, Bart
Guo, Muxing
TI Dissolution Behavior and Phase Evolution During Aluminum Oxide
Dissolution in BOF Slag
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; CERAMIC SYSTEMS; MGO INCLUSIONS; AL2O3; DIFFUSION;
PARTICLES; SAPPHIRE; SILICA; LIME
AB Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is a byproduct in the steel making process and
is produced in considerable amounts. Thus, its valorization is important. Additives
such as Al2O3 can be utilized to modify the composition and mineralogy of the slag
provided that a fast and effective dissolution of these additives in molten slags
can be ensured. With this in mind, the dissolution of Al2O3 particles in molten BOF
slag has been investigated between 1500 and 1600 degrees C. In all cases, a
dissolution zone forms around the dissolving particle which limits the dissolution
rate in the melt under natural convection conditions. The dissolution in the
current system is found to be an indirect process, wherein crystalline reaction
products like CaAl4O7 (CA(2)) and CaAl2O4 (CA) form on the surface of the
particles. CA forms at 1500 degrees C and CA(2) at 1600 degrees C. These reaction
products form a continuous layer on the surface of the dissolving particles but the
thickness of this reaction layer remains limited. The experimental data have been
utilized to evaluate the dissolution paths. Near the Al2O3/slag interface, the
inter-diffusion of Al2O3 and CaO occurs due to which the dissolution path shifts
towards the Al2O3-CaO binary system. A phenomenological model is presented to
explain the evolution of the dissolution process in the current system, wherein the
kinetics of the process is used to explain the reaction products formed at 1500
degrees C and 1600 degrees C.
C1 [Tripathi, Gaurav; Malfliet, Annelies; Blanpain, Bart; Guo, Muxing] Katholieke
Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Kasteelpk Arenberg 44 Bus 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
C3 KU Leuven
RP Tripathi, G (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn,
Kasteelpk Arenberg 44 Bus 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
EM gaurav.tripathi@kuleuven.be
RI Blanpain, Bart/ABW-6334-2022
OI Blanpain, Bart/0000-0002-5603-3456; Malfliet,
Annelies/0000-0003-2820-2408
FU IWT Grant [1405114]; ArcelorMittal Gent
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from IWT Grant
No. 1405114 and thank ArcelorMittal Gent for their support which was
crucial for this work.
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2916.2000.TB01291.X
NR 36
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 4
BP 1782
EP 1790
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01590-4
PG 9
Engineering
GA IJ1ZT
UT WOS:000475698700026
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ni, PY
Tanaka, T
Suzuki, M
Nakamo, M
Ersson, M
Jönsson, PG
AF Ni, Peiyuan
Tanaka, Toshihiro
Suzuki, Masanori
Nakamo, Masashi
Ersson, Mikael
Jonsson, Par Goran
TI Mathematical Modelling Study of Dynamic Composition Change of Steel and
Mold Flux in Continuous Casting of Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE steel-flux interfacial reaction; mass transfer; mold flux; continuous
casting; interfacial tension; oxygen adsorption
ID HIGH AL STEEL; KINETIC-MODEL; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; REACTION-MECHANISM;
CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; MASS-TRANSFER; SLAG; INCLUSIONS; METAL; IRON
AB A kinetic model was developed to describe multicomponent reactions and mass
transfer at the steel/molten flux interface under the effect of the interfacial
tension. This model mainly describes the following interfacial physicochemical
phenomena: i) Silica decomposition and oxygen adsorption at the interface, ii)
Oxygen and titanium reactions at the interface, iii) Oxygen and aluminum reaction
at the interface, iv) Silica mass transfer from the flux bulk to the interface, and
v) Dissolution of the formed titanium dioxide and alumina into the flux and its
transfer in flux. With this model, the dynamic changes of the mold flux
composition, steel composition, interfacial oxygen content and interfacial tension
for different mold flux compositions were predicted. Overall, the dynamic
composition changes of the mold fluxes in a casting mold were reproduced. The
basicity of the mold flux shows a large influence on the dynamic change of its
composition. The initial composition change of the mold flux is fast when the flux
with a high basicity was used, compared with the case of the mold flux with a low
basicity. The interfacial oxygen content and the interfacial tension were found to
reach a constant value after the steel/flux reaches a metastable state. In
addition, the interfacial adsorption of oxygen due to the interfacial tension
effect was found to significantly accelerate the dynamic change process of the
steel/mold flux system.
C1 [Ni, Peiyuan; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Suzuki, Masanori; Nakamo, Masashi] Osaka Univ,
Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Ersson, Mikael; Jonsson, Par Goran] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Tanaka, T (corresponding author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Div Mat & Mfg Sci,
2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
EM tanaka@mat.eng.osaka-n.ac.jp
OI Ersson, Mikael/0000-0003-4384-7984; Nakamoto,
Masashi/0000-0003-4684-0200
FU JSPS; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research; [JP17F17766]
FX This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS (Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science) International Research Fellow (Grant No.
JP17F17766). Peiyuan NI wants to thank the support by JSPS for his stay
at Osaka University as a JSPS International Postdoctoral Research
Fellow, and also thanks the support by Swedish Foundation for Strategic
Research.
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NR 27
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 7
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 11
BP 2024
EP 2035
PG 12
GA JS9UM
UT WOS:000500644700012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Y
Zong, NF
AF Liu, Yang
Zong, Nanfu
TI Effects of Al-Mg alloy treatment on behavior and size of inclusions in
SUH 409L stainless steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-Mg alloy treatment; non-metallic inclusions; inclusions sizes
distribution; aluminum killed stainless steel
ID MGO-CENTER-DOT-AL2O3 SPINEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; LADLE TREATMENT;
LIQUID STEEL; EVOLUTION; SLAG; THERMODYNAMICS; MECHANISM; IRON; MELT
AB Different types of steel were produced by different deoxidization processes to
investigate effects of Al-Mg alloy treatment on the behavior and size of inclusions
in stainless steels. Both industrial experiments and thermodynamic calculations
were studied. Results showed that irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions are
dominant in aluminum killed stainless steels. Using Al-Mg alloy treatment, size of
Al2O3 inclusions could be reduced, irregular and clustered Al2O3 inclusions can be
changed into the spherical MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions. Changes in size and
number of inclusions result from that Al-Mg alloy treatment could significantly
affect the nucleation process of MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions in molten steel.
When the content of Mg is enough, larger inclusions can be reduced by the Al-Mg
alloy treatment, and inclusions can keep fine.
C1 [Liu, Yang] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, State Key Lab Adv Steel Proc & Prod,
Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Zong, Nanfu] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn & Res Ctr Continuous Casting
Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
C3 Central Iron & Steel Research Institute; Central Iron & Steel Research
Institute
RP Zong, NF (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn & Res Ctr
Continuous Casting Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM mengying512712_2005@126.com
FU Central Iron and Steel Research Institute of China
FX The authors wish to thank Central Iron and Steel Research Institute of
China, for their partial financial supports.
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Kimura K, 2013, ISIJ INT, V53, P2167, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.53.2167
Kimura S, 2001, METALL MATER TRANS B, V32, P79, DOI 10.1007/s11663-001-0010-1
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NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 228
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD NOV 22
PY 2018
VL 115
IS 1
AR 111
DI 10.1051/metal/2017085
PG 8
GA FO9DG
UT WOS:000417187600003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, C
Cheng, KR
Ding, J
Zhu, HX
Deng, CJ
Bai, C
AF Yu, Chao
Cheng, Keren
Ding, Jun
Zhu, Hongxi
Deng, Chengji
Bai, Chen
TI Synthesis and some properties of
Al4SiC4-Al4O4C composites
LA English
DT Article
DE Al4SiC4; Al4O4C; Synthesis; Oxidation resistance; Corrosion resistance
ID CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION PROCESS; PLATE-LIKE AL4SIC4; SLAG CORROSION;
OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; AL4O4C; MECHANISM; PHASE; REFRACTORIES; ALUMINA;
BRICKS
AB Al4SiC4-Al4O4C composites were prepared by using aluminum, silica and graphite
as starting raw materials. Several factors including the synthesis temperature and
ratio of raw materials were determined and the impacts on the formation process and
morphology of Al4SiC4-Al4O4C composites were investigated. Two steps including
solid-liquid and solid-solid reactions proceed successively during the formation of
Al4SiC4-Al4O4C. The optimum conditions for synthesizing were sintered at 1700
degrees C for 2 h. Al4SiC4-Al4O4C composites were observed to be oxidized at
temperatures around 800 degrees C. A layer of Calcium hex aluminate (CA6) formed on
the hot face of the Al4SiC4-Al4O4C as corrosion proceeded, resulting in a
significant decrease in the rate of melting slag erosion.
C1 [Yu, Chao; Cheng, Keren; Ding, Jun; Zhu, Hongxi; Deng, Chengji; Bai, Chen] Wuhan
Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples
R China.
[Bai, Chen] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Mat & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei,
Peoples R China.
C3 Wuhan University of Science & Technology; Wuhan University of Science &
Technology
RP Deng, CJ; Bai, C (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Bai, C (corresponding
author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Mat & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R
China.
EM cjdeng@wust.edu.cn; 15072483782@163.com
RI Yu, Chao/AAD-9978-2022
OI Yu, Chao/0000-0003-3187-7588
51502215]
FX Authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51602232, 51574187 and
51502215).
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NR 29
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD OCT 1
PY 2018
VL 44
IS 14
BP 17154
EP 17159
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.06.169
PG 6
GA GR5XB
UT WOS:000442714100133
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CL
Wang, BB
Tao, R
Fang, LW
Li, HX
AF Wu Cheng-li
Wang Bei-bei
Tao Ran
Fang Liu-wei
Li Han-xu
TI Study of Mineral Structure Transformation of Coal Ash with High Ash
Melting Temperature by XPS
SO SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Coal ash and slag; Compound flux;
Transformation of mineral structure; High temperature phase equilibrium
ID TECHNOLOGIES
AB The ash melting temperature of X coal with high ash melting temperature was
reduced by adding calcium-magnesium compound flux (W-caO/W-mgO = 1). In the process
of simulated coal gasification, the ash and slag were prepared, and the existence
form and evolution process of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium at
different temperature were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Calcium-magnesium compound flux can reduce ash melting temperature and mainly
affect structure change of silicon, aluminum and oxygen. The change of the
coordination mode of aluminum and oxygen was shown, namely aluminum-oxide
tetrahedrons [AlO4] and aluminum-oxide tetrahedrons [AlO6] varied with temperature
changes. The addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ can destroy the silica chain, making
bridging oxygen silicon change into non bridge oxygen silicon; Bridged oxygen bond
fracture was broken and non bridging oxygen bond was formed in oxygen element
structure. Combined with the Factsage thermodynamic analysis software, the high
temperature phase equilibrium composition of coal ash was analyzed after adding
calcium-magnesium compound flux, and the fluxing mechanism of flux was studied from
the change of mineral structure. The results showed that Ca2+ and Mg2+ were easy to
combine with the non bridging oxygen bonds in the silicon-oxide and aluminum-oxide
tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxide octahedrons to produce low melting temperature
feldspar minerals and magnesia minerals. Therefore the ash melting temperatures
were reduced.
C1 [Wu Cheng-li; Wang Bei-bei; Tao Ran; Fang Liu-wei; Li Han-xu] Anhui Univ Sci &
Technol, Sch Chem Engn, Huainan 232001, Peoples R China.
EM chlwu2@163.com
CR [Anonymous], 2015, J FUEL CHEM TECHNOLO
Chang SY, 2016, ENGINEERING-PRC, V2, P447, DOI 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.04.015
Collot AG, 2006, INT J COAL GEOL, V65, P191, DOI 10.1016/j.coal.2005.05.003
LI Ji-bing, 2010, J CHINA COAL SOC, P140
Li J, 2009, ENERG FUEL, V23, P704, DOI 10.1021/ef800784k
[李梅 Li Mei], 2013, [燃料化学学报, Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology],
V41, P1287
Lu X., 2016, COAL ENG, V48, P8
[马玲玲 Ma Lingling], 2014, [燃料化学学报, Journal of Fuel Chemistry and
Zhang L. J., 2016, SAF COAL MINES, V47, P85
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 39
PU OFFICE SPECTROSCOPY & SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
PI BEIJING
PA NO 76 COLLAGE SOUTH RD BEIJING, BEIJING 100081, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1000-0593
J9 SPECTROSC SPECT ANAL
JI Spectrosc. Spectr. Anal.
PD JUL
PY 2018
VL 38
IS 7
BP 2296
EP 2301
DI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2018)07-2296-06
PG 6
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA GO0YC
UT WOS:000439671600049
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Murthy, IN
Babu, NA
Rao, JB
Babu, N. Arun
Rao, J. Babu
TI Microstructure and Mechanical properties of A356 alloy Castings made in
Sand and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Moulds
SO MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT International Conference on Processing of Materials, Minerals and Energy
(PMME)
CY JUL 29-30, 2016
CL Ongole, INDIA
DE Silica sand; GBF slag; A356 alloy castings; Optical & SEM studies;
Mechanical properties
ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY
AB Investigations were focused on structure property evaluation of castings made
through Granulated blast furnace (GBF) slag and silica sand moulds. Sodium
Silicate-CO2 process was used for making the necessary moulds. Three types of
moulds were made with slag, silica sand individually and combination of these two.
A356 alloy castings were performed on these newly developed slag moulds. Results
reveal that the castings were performed successfully in all the moulds. Cast
products with good surface finish, no surface defects and without porosity were
produced by slag moulds. Faster heat transfer in slag moulds enabled the obtained
castings with enhanced metallurgical and mechanical properties. Consistent and
uniform hardness on the cross section of the specimen was obtained in all the
materials made through sand, slag and mixed moulds. Improved hardness, compression,
tensile and impact properties were observed in all the materials made through GBF
slag moulds. Based on these present investigations can conclude that GBF Slag
moulds can make a way for producing the castings with improved surface finish and
enhanced properties while reduced operational costs. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
[Babu, N. Arun] Khammam Inst Technol & Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Khammam 507170,
India.
FU DST -Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India [FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13]
FX Authors thank the DST -Fly Ash unit, New Delhi, India for their
financial support (Grant Ref No: FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13). Special
thanks to M/s. Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, Visakhapatnam, India for
supply of GBF Slag this study.
Ahmad AH, 2014, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V29, P134, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2013.822980
[Anonymous], 1992, CAST ASM HDB, V15
[Anonymous], 2012, ACTA METALL SIN ENGL
[Anonymous], 1943, METALLOGRAPHY ALUMIN
Konena R., 2012, COPP ALLOYS EARLY AP, P3
Narasimha Murthy I., 2015, RESOURCE EFFICIE NOV, P553
Narismha Murthy I, INVESTIGATION UNPUB
Rzadkosz S, 2014, ARCH FOUNDRY ENG, V14, P79, DOI 10.2478/afe-2014-0041
Shailesh RA, 2015, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V30, P1305, DOI
10.1080/10426914.2015.1019093
Shetty MN, 2013, DISLOCATIONS MECH BE
Ye HZ, 2003, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V12, P288, DOI 10.1361/105994903770343132
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
JI Mater. Today-Proc.
PY 2018
VL 5
IS 1
BP 161
EP 167
DI 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.067
PN 1
PG 7
GA GB0EP
UT WOS:000428718200023
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Long, X
Wang, Q
He, SP
Pistorius, PC
AF Long, Xiao
Wang, Qian
He, Shengping
Pistorius, P. Chris
TI Structure Evolution of Slag Films of Ultrahigh-Basicity Mold Flux During
Solidification
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINUOUS-CASTING PROCESS; PERITECTIC STEEL
AB A higher-basicity mold flux (binary basicity 1.74) for peritectic grades showed
similar solidification behavior to conventional high-basicity fluxes. Upon
solidification of the mold flux onto a water-cooled copper probe, interfacial
roughness at the copper-mold flux interface developed, while the film was glassy.
Cuspidine was the major crystalline phase (as for conventional fluxes), but with a
lathlike shape, containing some aluminum. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials
C1 [Long, Xiao; Wang, Qian; He, Shengping] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
[Long, Xiao] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
[Pistorius, P. Chris] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr Iron &
Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
C3 Chongqing University; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon
University
Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM pistorius@cmu.edu
OI Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/0000-0002-2966-1879; Long,
Xiao/0000-0001-7141-4102
FU Chongqing Graduate Student Research Innovation Project [CYB14035]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M592119]; [MCF-677785]
FX The authors greatly appreciate support from the members of The Center
for Iron and Steelmaking Research at Carnegie Mellon University, the
Chongqing Graduate Student Research Innovation Project (CYB14035), and
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M592119). The authors
acknowledge the use of the Materials Characterization Facility at
Carnegie Mellon University supported by grant MCF-677785. We are
grateful for thermal conductivity measurements performed by Rakesh Dhaka
of U.S. Steel Global Process & Materials Development and Engineering.
CR Assis KLS, 2018, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V45, P502, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2017.1288338
He SP, 2012, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V39, P593, DOI 10.1179/1743281212Y.0000000006
He YM, 2016, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V43, P588, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2016.1139224
Long X, 2013, 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE METALLURGICAL
PROCESSING, P155
Long X, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P1652, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-0965-1
Long X, 2012, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V19, P39, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60111-3
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 4
BP 1938
EP 1942
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-1004-y
PG 5
Engineering
GA EZ2CC
UT WOS:000404516400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Murthy, IN
Rao, JB
Rao, J. Babu
TI Molding and casting behavior of ferro chrome slag as a mold material in
ferrous and non-ferrous foundry industries
LA English
DT Article
DE Fe-Cr Slag; ferrous and non-ferrous castings; mold properties; silica
sand
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM
AB In the present investigation, efforts are made to use Ferro Chrome (Fe-Cr) slag
as a mold material for the replacement of silica sand in the foundry industry. The
sodium silicate-Fe-Si process is adopted for evaluating the same. The process
parameters considered for this investigation are % of sodium silicate, % of Fe-Si
powder as a binder, and mold setting time. A series of sand tests are carried out
on sand, slag individually, and for various combinations of these two. Three types
of molds are made with sand, slag individually, and combination of these two with
6% sodium silicate and 1.5% Fe-Si. Various ferrous and non-ferrous castings are
performed on these newly developed slag molds. The results reveal that the Fe-Cr
slag with mold permeability, compression, and shear strength is a suitable
candidate for either partial or full replacement of silica sand. During casting
neither fusing, dripping, nor collapse of the mold walls is observed in slag molds;
this is true for both ferrous and non-ferrous castings. Castings with good surface
finish and no surface defects are made by slag molds. Faster heat transfer in slag
molds enable to obtain castings with enhanced metallurgical and mechanical
properties.
FU DST - Fly Ash Unit - New Delhi, India [FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13]
FX The authors thank the DST - Fly Ash Unit - New Delhi, India, for their
financial support (Grant Ref No: FAU/DST/600(52)/2012-13).
Ahmad AH, 2014, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V29, P134, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2013.822980
[Anonymous], 2007, INFACON
*ASM INT, 2008, ASM HDB, V15
Chesti R. A., 1986, REFRACTORIES MANUFAC
Ding MH, 2014, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V29, P853, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2014.880472
Hu XW, 2012, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V25, P272, DOI 10.11890/1006-7191-124-272
Jayaraman R., 2006, INDIAN FOUNDRY J, V52, P29
Lafay V. S., 1995, AFS T, V103, P75
10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.045
Qu YD, 2014, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V29, P1205, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2014.930886
Ramana MV., 2014, Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl, V4, P245
Shailesh RA, 2015, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V30, P1305, DOI
10.1080/10426914.2015.1019093
NR 19
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 13
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1042-6914
EI 1532-2475
PY 2017
VL 32
IS 5
BP 507
EP 516
DI 10.1080/10426914.2016.1257796
PG 10
GA EM5KJ
UT WOS:000395350100009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Almpanis-Lekkas, O
Weiss, B
Wukovits, W
AF Almpanis-Lekkas, Orestis
Weiss, Bernd
Wukovits, Walter
TI Modelling of an ironmaking melter gasifier unit operation with
multicomponent/multiphase equilibrium calculations
LA English
DT Article
DE Ironmaking; Smelting reduction; Process modelling; Melter gasifier;
Corex; Finex
ID ENERGY-EFFICIENCY; IRON; EMISSIONS
AB The blast furnace is the traditional ironmaking process for the production of
hot metal with high iron content. The Corex (R) and Finex (R) processes are the
main alternative technological solutions in this field of industrial activity.
Their main advantages are focused in better economic and environmental
characteristics. The melter gasifier is the most important unit operation of both
processes. The aim of this paper is to describe the development and implementation
of a predictive mathematical model of a multizone melter gasifier. The process
modelling and simulation software used for this task is the gPROMS Model-Builder.
For the calculation of the hot metal/slag mixture chemistry, the Gibbs minimisation
routines for multicomponent/multiphase systems were implemented through FactSage
and ChemApp. A communication scheme between gPROMS and FactSage/ChemApp was
established. The validation of this methodology took place by comparing the basic
iron making reactions against literature. Special attention was given in the
numerical stability by designing a dedicated initialisation strategy. The agreement
between simulation results and plant data proved to be successful for the main
components (iron, carbon, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide,
sulphur). Deviation appeared for the silicon and manganese components. This work
contributes in making accurate predictions for the hot metal and slag chemistry
based on thermodynamic first principles. The reliable calculation presents the
opportunity to apply rigorous optimisations that can lead to higher process
efficiency. This reflects the potential of reducing fuel consumption, thus leading
to lower environmental emissions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Almpanis-Lekkas, Orestis; Wukovits, Walter] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem
Engn, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
[Weiss, Bernd] Siemens VAI Met Technol GmbH, Ironmaking Technol Smelting Direct
Reduct, Linz, Austria.
C3 Technische Universitat Wien; Siemens AG
RP Almpanis-Lekkas, O (corresponding author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Chem Engn,
Getreidemarkt 9-166-2, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
EM orestisals@gmail.com
OI Wukovits, Walter/0000-0001-6381-1319
FU SIEMENS VAI Metals Technologies
FX We would like to thank SIEMENS VAI Metals Technologies for the
collaboration and the financial support.
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[Anonymous], 2005, THERMODYNAMICS KINET
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NR 25
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JAN 16
PY 2016
VL 111
BP 161
EP 171
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.050
PN A
PG 11
& Ecology
GA DA5SC
UT WOS:000367861800018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Q
Sun, M
Qiu, ST
Tian, ZL
Zhu, GL
Wang, LM
Zhao, P
AF Wang, Qiang
Sun, Min
Qiu, Shengtao
Tian, Zhiling
Zhu, Guoling
Wang, Longmei
Zhao, Pei
TI Study on Mold Slag with High Al2O3 Content for
High Aluminum Steel
LA English
DT Article
AB The slag-steel equilibrium reaction between the newly developed mold slag ND-MSL
and 20Mn23AlV steel has been studied at high temperatures in the laboratory. The
crystal morphology, microanalysis, and phase analysis of the original and final ND-
MSL slags were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive
spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results show that, in the final
ND-MSL slag, the constitution of SiO2 decreased by 0.7 wt pct and Al2O3 increased
by 6.46 wt pct, while the melting temperature, viscosity, and crystallization rate
increased by 62 K, 0.66 dPa s, and 15 pct, respectively. NaAlSi3O8 and CaAl2Si2O8
were found to be precipitated in the final ND-MSL slag. Both the original and final
ND-MSL slags have a small amount of LiF crystal and good glass form. The ND-MSL
slag has little change in the composition and properties compared with the two
currently used mold slags. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2013
C1 [Wang, Qiang; Sun, Min; Qiu, Shengtao; Tian, Zhiling; Zhu, Guoling; Wang,
Longmei; Zhao, Pei] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn Res Ctr Continuous
Casting Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, Q (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Natl Engn Res Ctr
Continuous Casting Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM wangqiang9901@163.com
FU Special Steel Plant of Baosteel; Research Institute of Baosteel
FX The authors would like to thank the Special Steel Plant of Baosteel and
the Research Institute of Baosteel for their financial and technical
support.
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NR 23
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 2
BP 540
EP 546
DI 10.1007/s11663-013-9929-2
PG 7
Engineering
GA AI6JT
UT WOS:000336980600027
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jun, Y
Bo-Tao, C
Wei, T
Fan-Zheng, Z
Gang, Y
Feng, S
AF Jun, Yang
Bo-Tao, Chen
Wei, Tang
Fan-Zheng, Zeng
Gang, Yu
Feng, Shen
TI Experimental Study to Improve the Castability of Aluminum Killed Cold
Heading Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum killed cold heading steel; refining slag; castability;
inclusion; calcium treatment
ID CALCIUM TREATMENT; INCLUSIONS; AL; EQUILIBRIUM; DEOXIDATION; OXIDE;
IRON; MG
AB Experimental study on the LF refining of aluminum killed cold heading steel
shows that calcium content in the molten steel increased to about 0.0010% at the
end of refining, and the aluminum deoxized products were transformed from Al2O3 to
the complex inclusions CaO-MgO-Al2O3 with lower melting point by the high basicity,
high Al2O3, and strong deoxidizing slag. The inclusions are in liquid state and can
be easily floated up during LF refining and continuous casting. The total oxygen
content of the steel falls to about 0.0020%. The experimental technology uses only
50m calcium wire to the 80-t heat or even without calcium treatment. As compared to
the traditional technology with higher amount of calcium for treatment, which forms
CaS and CaO-MgO-Al2O3 inclusions with high melting point, the experimental
technology improves the castability and reduces the manufacturing cost.
C1 [Jun, Yang; Bo-Tao, Chen; Wei, Tang; Fan-Zheng, Zeng; Gang, Yu; Feng, Shen]
Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Xiangtan 411101, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Jun, Y (corresponding author), Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron & Steel Co Ltd,
Xiangtan 411101, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM yangjun20010406@yahoo.com.cn
CR Choudhary SK, 2008, ISIJ INT, V48, P1552, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.48.1552
Hideki O., 2009, ISIJ INT, V49, P957
Rakers K. G., 1995, CLOGG CONT CAST NOZZ
Valentin P., 2005, ICS P, P233
Wang X.-H., 2009, COMP CHANG NONM INCL, P24
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 10
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 8
BP 703
EP 712
DI 10.1002/srin.201200246
PG 10
GA 261ZX
UT WOS:000327704900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Loginova, IV
Kyrchikov, AV
Lebedev, VA
Ordon, SF
AF Loginova, I. V.
Kyrchikov, A. V.
Lebedev, V. A.
Ordon, S. F.
TI Investigation into the question of complex processing of bauxites of the
srednetimanskoe deposit
LA English
DT Article
DE bauxite; alkali-aluminate solution; metastable state; iron ore; red
slime; blast-furnace smelting; naturally doped cast iron; zeolite;
complex processing
AB A new technology of processing raw materials with the use of active alkali is
suggested for bauxites of the Srednetimanskoe deposit; bauxite is opened at 300A
degrees C for 1 h. This technology makes it possible to increase the recovery of
alumina to 94-98% and obtain red slimes and zeolite enriched with iron (58%) and
titanium (4.8%); the environmental problem of storing red slimes is resolved. The
blast-furnace smelting of such slimes makes it possible to obtain naturally doped
cast iron and slag enriched with titanium and rare earth metals. When purifying
(desiliconizing) the aluminate solution, a valuable product-sodium aluminum
silicate hydrate of the zeolite type-is incidentally obtained.
C1 [Loginova, I. V.; Kyrchikov, A. V.; Lebedev, V. A.; Ordon, S. F.] Ural Fed Univ,
Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
C3 Ural Federal University
RP Loginova, IV (corresponding author), Ural Fed Univ, Ul Mira 19, Ekaterinburg
620002, Russia.
EM loginova_irina@mail.ru; akirchikov@yandex.ru; mlm@mail.ustu.ru;
ordon.sergey@mail.ru
OI Loginova, Irina/0000-0002-1627-4634
CR Lainer A.I., 1978, PROIZVODSTVO GLINOZE
Loginova I. V., 2004, Patent, Patent No. [2232716 RF, IPC C02F7/38, 2232716]
Loginova I.V, 2004, SPRAVOCHNIK METALLUR, Patent No. 2232716
Loginova I.V, 2010, PROIZVODSTVO GLINOZE
Loginova I.V, 1986, IZV VYSSH UCHEBN ZAV, P39
Ni L.P, 1978, FIZIKO KHIMICHESKIE
NR 6
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 21
PI NEW YORK
SN 1067-8212
PD MAR
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 2
BP 143
EP 147
DI 10.3103/S1067821213020089
PG 5
GA 142KV
UT WOS:000318797000005
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, W
Cao, J
Wang, XH
Xu, ZR
Yang, J
AF Yang Wen
Cao Jing
Wang Xin-hua
Xu Zhi-rong
Yang Jie
TI Investigation on Non-Metallic Inclusions in LCAK Steel Produced by
BOF-LF-FTSC Production Route
LA English
DT Article
DE LCAK steel; ladle refining; FTSC; non-metallic inclusion
AB The behavior of non-metallic inclusions in LCAK (low carbon aluminum killed)
steel produced by BOF (basic oxygen furnace)-LF (ladle furnace) refining-FTSC
(flexible thin slab continuous caster) production route was investigated. The
results showed that, LF refining for LCAK steel could decrease the omega(T)[O]
significantly, and the inclusions were modified by Ca treatment, which prevented
nozzle clogging efficiently. However, owing to the unstable casting condition in
the earlier stage of casting, a severe reoxidation occurred, accompanied with mold
slag entrapment. The transformation of non-metallic inclusions during the
steelmaking process was Al2O3 -> MgO-Al2O3 type inclusion -> MgO-Al2O3-CaO type
inclusion with a CaS ring, and the mechanism of the transformation was proposed and
discussed via thermodynamic and kinetic analysis. Besides, to avoid CaS
precipitation, the product of omega(2)([Al]) X omega(3)([S])] in steel should be
less than 2.0 X 10(-10) at 1 873 K, which remands higher desulfurization ratio
during LF refining.
C1 [Yang Wen; Cao Jing; Wang Xin-hua] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
[Xu Zhi-rong; Yang Jie] Tangshan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Steelmaking Plant 1,
Tangshan 063000, Hebei, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM yangwen-flying@163.com
RI Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023; Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021
FU National Key Technology Research and Development Program in 11th
Five-Year Plan of China [2006BAE03A13]
FX Item Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development
Program in 11th Five-Year Plan of China (2006BAE03A13)
LIU Fei, 2010, SCI TECHNOLOGY INFOR, P363
SHI G, 2000, IRON STEEL, V35, P12
[孙彦辉 SUN Yanhui], 2008, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V43, P22
Todoroki H., 2003, IRON STEELMAKER, V30, P60
ZHAO Qi-yun, 2001, STEELMAKING, V17, P11
NR 13
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD SEP
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 9
BP 6
EP +
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(12)60027-2
PG 8
GA 848VQ
UT WOS:000297083600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, YW
Feng, NX
You, J
Hu, WX
Peng, JP
Di, YZ
Wang, ZH
AF Wang Yaowu
Feng Naixiang
You Jing
Hu Wenxin
Peng Jianping
Di Yuezhong
Wang Zhihui
BE Lindsay, SJ
TI Study on extracting aluminum hydroxide from reduction slag of magnesium
smelting by vacuum aluminothermic reduction
SE Light Metals
LA English
CT Symposium on Light Metals / TMS 140th Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011
CL San Diego, CA
AB The reduction slag from magnesium smelting by vacuum aluminothermic reduction
using dolomite and magnesite as raw materials consists mainly of Al2O3 and CaO. The
alumina is more than 67% of the slag and is mainly in the form of CaO center dot
2Al(2)O(3). The process of producing aluminum hydroxide from the slag by leaching
with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate was studied. This showed
that the leaching rate of alumina is more than 86% when leaching temperature is 95
degrees C, and L/S is 5, and leaching time is 2h. The magnesia- alumina spinel
which generated in the reduction process and 3CaO center dot Al2O3 center dot
6H(2)O which is generated in the leaching process, are the two main causes of loss
of alumina. The chemical composition of aluminum hydroxide products obtained after
carbonation precipitation can meet the quality standard of the alumina plant.
C1 [Wang Yaowu; Feng Naixiang; You Jing; Hu Wenxin; Peng Jianping; Di Yuezhong;
Wang Zhihui] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning, Peoples R
China.
RP Wang, YW (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110004,
RI Peng, Jianping/AAE-5592-2020; PENG, Jian-ping/AAG-2146-2021; wang,
zhihui/HSF-6639-2023; Liu, Kai/IST-6808-2023
CR Fan J., 2002, Appl. Chem. Ind., V31, P1, DOI [10.3969/j.issn.1671-
3206.2002.01.001, DOI 10.3969/J.ISSN.1671-3206.2002.01.001]
GAWLICKI M, 1984, J THERM ANAL, V29, P1005, DOI 10.1007/BF02188851
He Runde, 1997, LIGHT MET, P20
Liu G., 2000, CHIN J NONFERR MET, V10, P266
Ostrowski C, 2004, J THERM ANAL CALORIM, V75, P867, DOI
10.1023/B:JTAN.0000027182.40442.fe
Qiu Zhenzhuo, 1999, LIGHT MET, P18
The national standards of china, 42941997 GBT
[肖玮 XIAO Wei], 2009, [轻金属, Light Metals], P23
[元炯亮 Yuan Jiongliang], 2003, [有色金属, Nonferrous metals], V55, P60
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO 19 8SQ, ENGLAND
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-1-11802-935-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2011
BP 205
EP 209
PG 5
GA BGX52
UT WOS:000324515400036
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Munter, R
Parshin, A
Yamshchikov, L
Plotnikov, V
Gorkunov, V
Kober, V
AF Munter, Rein
Parshin, Anatoli
Yamshchikov, Leonid
Plotnikov, Vladimir
Gorkunov, Valeri
Kober, Viktor
TI Reduction of tantalum pentoxide with aluminium and calcium:
thermodynamic modelling and scale skilled tests
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE rare metals; tantalum pentoxide; ferric(III)oxide; aluminium; calcium;
"out-of-furnace" reduction; thermodynamic functions; computational
analysis
AB High reactivity of powdered aluminium together with its relatively low price are
the main reasons for the application of this metal as a reducing agent for the
reduction of oxides and fluorides of rare and rare earth metals by the
aluminothermal method. This technology is widely used in the production of master
alloys for ferrous metallurgy. The "out-of-furnace" process (i.e. without external
heat access) is the prevailing technology for metallic niobium production
worldwide. However, aluminothermal reduction for industrial production of metallic
tantalum has been limited because of the high required temperature, over 2800
degrees C.
In this paper the results of simultaneous reduction of tantalum(V) and iron(III)
oxides by calcium-aluminothermal "out-of-furnace" process are presented. Powdered
aluminium and metallic calcium were used as reductants. The pickup of tantalum at
smeltings with the mass of raw materials over 1 kg reached 94%. The metal was
obtained in the form of compact ingot; separation of metallic and slag phases was
excellent. Crushed melt underwent refining remelting in an electron beam furnace.
For thermodynamic studies and optimization of the aluminothermal reduction
processes of Ta(2)O(5) and Fe(2)O(3) in the temperature range of 1000-3000 degrees
C a licensed computer simulation program "HSC Chemistry 6.1, 2007", elaborated by
the company Outotec Oy, was applied.
C1 [Munter, Rein; Gorkunov, Valeri] Tallinn Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn, EE-19086
Tallinn, Estonia.
[Parshin, Anatoli] Russian Res Inst Chem Technol, Moscow 115409, Russia.
[Yamshchikov, Leonid] Urals State Tech Univ, Physicotech Fac, Ekaterinburg
620002, Russia.
[Plotnikov, Vladimir] Inst Physicotech Problems, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region,
Russia.
[Kober, Viktor] German Soc Chem, D-16515 Oranienburg, Germany.
C3 Tallinn University of Technology; Ural Federal University
RP Munter, R (corresponding author), Tallinn Univ Technol, Dept Chem Engn,
Ehitajate Tee 5, EE-19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
EM rein.munter@ttu.ee
CR Bakish R, 1998, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V50, P28, DOI 10.1007/s11837-998-0283-9
Belov G. V., 2002, THERMODYNAMIC MODELL
BENNETT L, 1986, PHASE DIAGRAMS ALLOY
Bose D K, 2001, MINER PROCESS EXTR M, V22, P389, DOI 10.1080/08827509808962508
GORKUNOV V, 2007, P EST ACAD SCI, V56, P142, DOI DOI 10.3176/CHEM.2007.3.04
GORKUNOV V, 2007, SCI P RIGA TECHNIC 1, P111
HUNT CR, 1968, Z METALLKD, V59, P701
LINNUPOLD L, 2009, E1131
LYAKISHEV N, 1996, PHASE DIAGRAMS TWIN, V1
LYAKISHEV N, 1997, PHASE DIAGRAMS TWIN, V1
LYAKISHEV NP, 1978, ALUMINOTHERMAL PROCE
Malkin O. A., 1971, RELAXATION PROCESSES
MIROSHNIKOVA LD, 1989, ZH NEORG KHIM+, V34, P184
NAIR KU, 1975, METALLURGY REFRACTOR
OBABKOV N, 2007, SCI P RIGA TECHN U 1, P100
OBABKOV N, 2001, THESIS URAL STATE U
Obabkov N, 2008, P EST ACAD SCI, V57, P54, DOI 10.3176/proc.2008.1.06
ORLOV VM, 2009, INT C CHEM SOL MON N, P65
PARSHIN A, 1984, A115C AS SILLM CHEM
PLINER J, 1967, REDUCTION OXIDES ALU
Polak L. S., 1965, KINETICS THERMODYNAM
PUPYSHEV AA, 1994, THESIS URAL STATE U
Shunk F. A., 1973, CONSTITUTION BINARY
SOKOLOV I, 1990, INTRO METALLOTHERMAL
TSEGELNIK E, 2006, J ATOMIC STRATEGY, V20
Zelikman A.N., 1986, METALLURGY REFRACTOR
Zelikman A. N., 1990, NIOBIUM TANTALUM
1981, PHASE DIAGRAM SYSTEM
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 25
PU ESTONIAN ACADEMY PUBLISHERS
PI TALLINN
PA 6 KOHTU, TALLINN 10130, ESTONIA
SN 1736-6046
J9 P EST ACAD SCI
JI P. Est. Acad. Sci.
PY 2010
VL 59
IS 3
BP 243
EP 252
DI 10.3176/proc.2010.3.07
PG 10
GA 651VP
UT WOS:000281955600007
OA Green Submitted, gold, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fujita, S
Suzuki, K
Mori, T
Masuda, H
AF Fujita, S
Suzuki, K
Mori, T
Masuda, H
TI Preparation of aluminum silicate,
Ca12Al10S4O35, using waste
materials and its activity for combustion of hydrocarbons
LA English
DT Article
DE Ca12Al10Si4O35; silicates; surfaces; functional applications; waste
materials; slags
ID HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE GAS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; CATALYTIC PROPERTIES;
HYDROGROSSULAR GROUP; HYDROGARNET; OXIDATION; MINERALS; KATOITE;
GARNETS; OXIDES
AB The aluminum silicate, Ca12Al10Si4O35, was produced by calcining hydrogarnet at
800 degrees C as a precursor phase. Hydrogarnet was synthesized hydrothermally
below 200 degrees C using molten slag obtained from municipal solid wastes as a raw
material. For the combustion of hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and
propylene, Cal(12)Al(10)Si(4)O(35) obtained from molten slag exhibited the
oxidation of hydrocarbons at > 300 degrees C. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 Natl Inst AIST, Ceram Res Inst, Moriyama Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4638560, Japan.
Hirosaki Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Bunkyo Ku, Hirosaki,
Aomori 0368561, Japan.
Nagoya Inst Technol, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Chem, Nagoya, Aichi 4668555,
Japan.
C3 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST);
Hirosaki University; Nagoya Institute of Technology
RP Fujita, S (corresponding author), Toyota Cent Res & Dev Labs Inc, 41-1 Yokomichi
Nagakute, Nagakute, Aichi 4801192, Japan.
EM e1286@mosk.tytlabs.co.jp
OI Fujita, Satoru/0000-0002-6970-6971
CR CARDA J, 1994, J AM CERAM SOC, V77, P2097, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1994.tb07103.x
Fujita S, 2004, CHEM ENG J, V102, P99, DOI 10.1016/j.cej.2004.01.035
Fujita S, 2003, CHEM MATER, V15, P4879, DOI 10.1021/cm030562s
Fujita S, 2003, IND ENG CHEM RES, V42, P1023, DOI 10.1021/ie020158n
Fujita S, 2003, CATAL LETT, V86, P139, DOI 10.1023/A:1022679529612
Fujita S, 2001, CHEM MATER, V13, P2523, DOI 10.1021/cm000863r
FUJITA S, 2003, CHEM MATER, V13, P2523
Kanazava Y., 1997, Bull Geol Survey Japan, V48, P413
LAGER GA, 1987, AM MINERAL, V72, P756
NOVAK GA, 1971, AM MINERAL, V56, P791
PASSAGLIA E, 1984, B MINERAL, V107, P605, DOI 10.3406/bulmi.1984.7804
SACERDOTI M, 1985, B MINERAL, V108, P1
Simonot L, 1997, APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON, V11, P167, DOI 10.1016/S0926-
3373(96)00046-X
SOKOLOVSKII VD, 1990, CATAL REV, V32, P1, DOI 10.1080/01614949009349939
Szabo V, 2002, APPL CATAL B-ENVIRON, V37, P175, DOI 10.1016/S0926-3373(01)00328-
9
TSUKIMURA K, 1993, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR C, V49, P205, DOI 10.1107/S0108270192005481
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0955-2219
EI 1873-619X
J9 J EUR CERAM SOC
PD OCT
PY 2005
VL 25
IS 15
BP 3479
EP 3484
PG 6
GA 968OP
UT WOS:000232172100011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jamshidi, K
Abdizadeh, H
Ebrahimi, SAS
Hanai, K
AF Jamshidi, K
Abdizadeh, H
Ebrahimi, SAS
Hanai, K
TI Metallothermic reduction of MoO3 through making Ni-Mo alloys
by the ESR method
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
AB In this research an Electro Slag Remelting (ESR) process for metallothermic
reduction of molybdenum trioxide by aluminum and silicon is described. The process
uses fine MoO(3) scrap as a raw material. After melting of nickel electrode,
molybdenum is alloyed with nickel by direct reduction Of MoO(3) added to the slag.
A mixture of aluminum and silicon can be used as reductant and the reduction is
carried out in situ in the molten slag. Nickel-molybdenum ingots containing up to
33.7-wt% of molybdenum were produced by this process. The results show that Al-
50%Si is a suitable compound for reduction of MoO(3) and by using proper amount of
reductants, flux and charge, high efficiency of reduction will be achieved; as the
mean efficiency in these experiments was 92%. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 Univ Tehran, Fac Engn, Dept Met & Mat, Tehran, Iran.
C3 University of Tehran
RP Jamshidi, K (corresponding author), Univ Tehran, Fac Engn, Dept Met & Mat, POB
11365-4563, Tehran, Iran.
RI ebrahimi, S. A. seyyed/W-3252-2018; abdizadeh, Hossein/W-3235-2018
CR Arya A, 2001, ACTA MATER, V49, P3575, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00235-X
Biebricher U., 1998, METALL PLANT TECHNOL, V22, P36
CALVERT ED, 1971, J LESS-COMMON MET, V23, P129, DOI 10.1016/0022-5088(71)90074-9
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Mukherjee TK, 1980, J MACROMOL SCI PHYS, P19
PATON BE, 1962, ENG MATER DES, V5, P718
Prasad VVS, 2001, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V16, P209
SCHMIDT FA, 1971, J MET, P38
SVISTUNOVA TV, 1994, METALLOVEDENIE TERMI, V9, P9
TEWARI N, 1985, MICROSTRUCTURES SOLI, P243
NR 10
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-4368
J9 INT J REFRACT MET H
JI Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mat.
PY 2004
VL 22
IS 6
BP 243
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2004.07.001
PG 3
Engineering
GA 878QY
UT WOS:000225662800002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hirata, T
Deguchi, A
Ohta, S
Morimo, T
Ike, M
Uchida, N
AF Hirata, T
Deguchi, A
Ohta, S
Morimo, T
Ike, M
Uchida, N
TI Dependence of corrosion rate of alumina-chromia on properties of molten
slags
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion; aluminum oxide; chromium oxide; molten slag; basicity;
viscosity
ID CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS; SINTERED ALUMINA; DISSOLUTION; BEHAVIOR
AB Al2O3 based conventional ceramic materials used for incineration at power
generation plants can be seriously corroded by molten oxide mixture. Therefore, it
has been necessary to determine the ceramics component that makes Al2O3 based
ceramics more stable in molten slag. We found that Cr2O3-Al2O3 based ceramic
materials exhibited superior corrosion resistance in the molten slag even though
their durability is still insufficient. The aim of this study is to develop a more
stable ceramic material in molten oxides. The corrosion behavior of the candidate
material Cr2O3-Al2O3 ceramics was investigated in detail in CaO-SiO2-B2O3 melts,
especially as a function of the basicity and viscosity of the melt. The basicity
and viscosity represent the chemical and physical properties of the oxide melt,
respectively.
C1 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Yokohama Res & Dev Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2318715,
Japan.
Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Adv Technol Res Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368515,
Japan.
Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Yokohama Dockyard & Machinery Syst, Yokohama,
Kanagawa 2368515, Japan.
Nagaoka Univ Technol, Dept Chem, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan.
C3 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; Mitsubishi
Heavy Industries; Nagaoka University of Technology
RP Hirata, T (corresponding author), Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Yokohama Res &
Dev Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2318715, Japan.
CR DUFFY JA, 1976, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V21, P373, DOI 10.1016/0022-3093(76)90027-2
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HIRATA T, 2000, 2000 SPRING M JAP I, P384
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2916.1994.tb04557.x
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2916.1964.tb14405.x
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YOKOKAWA T, 1979, J CHEM ENG DATA, V24, P167, DOI 10.1021/je60082a028
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD DEC
PY 2001
VL 42
IS 12
BP 2625
EP 2629
PG 5
Engineering
GA 518LL
UT WOS:000173669800025
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Prasad, VVS
Rao, AS
Prakash, U
AF Prasad, VVS
Rao, AS
Prakash, U
TI Production of Cu-Cr alloys by in situ reduction of chromium oxide during
electro slag crucible melting (ESCM)
LA English
DT Article
DE chemical homogeneity; chromium alloying; chromium oxide; copper-chromium
alloy; copper scrap; electro slag crucible melting; heat treatment; hot
workings ingot surface quality; in situ reduction; nonconsumable
electrode; reducing agent; slag system; sound castings; tensile
properties
AB An electro slag crucible melting process for production of copper-chromium
alloys is described. The process uses fine copper scrap as a raw material. After
the copper scrap is melted, chromium is alloyed with copper by direct reduction of
chromium oxide added to the slag. Carbon and aluminum can be used as reductants and
the reduction is carried out in situ in the molten slag. Copper chromium ingots
containing up to similar to1 wt % chromium were produced by this process. The
process serves the dual purpose of recycling copper scrap and alloying remelted
copper by chromium. This is the first time that direct reduction has been employed
during an electro slag melting process. The in situ reduction technique described
has the potential of being a production route for a variety of alloys. It is
particularly suitable for production of difficult-to-melt alloys such as copper-
chromium.
Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL)
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TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
SN 1042-6914
PY 2001
VL 16
IS 2
BP 209
EP 217
PG 9
GA 456UA
UT WOS:000170099600005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Charles, JA
AF Charles, JA
TI Development and use of layered ferrous microstructure
LA English
CT Conference on Layered Structural Materials 97
CY NOV 28, 1997
CL LONDON, ENGLAND
ID EMBRITTLEMENT
AB The method by which bloomery iron was agglomerated into usable artefacts by
forge welding piling and reforging gave a layered microstructure. This was not only
associated with the directionality of residual slag inclusions, but also related to
variation in solute concentration, which became directional. This variation could
originate in the bloom, or it could be developed by the partitioning of solutes
such as phosphorus between coexisting high temperature phases. The oxidation
enrichment of solutes such as Ni and As in individual surfaces, before forging
together, could also lead to a layered microstructure being produced. On a larger
scale, the deliberate use of differently sourced irons to make a composite product
could also generate a sandwich structure.
Although many early iron artefacts contain substantial amounts of phosphorus
overall, the layered microstructures that phosphorus segregation generates may have
offset the embrittling effect that could otherwise be expected in the presence of
some carbon. The purposeful selection of high phosphorus iron (identified from
effect and source) for the backs of knives, etc., could have been intended to keep
a stable, high carbon content in the steel edge to which the iron was welded. The
final distribution of carbon in such a forged, banded microstructure is responsible
for the pattern welding or damascening of sword blades where controlled forging,
folding, and twisting is carried out, the variation in hardness and etching
characteristics enabling a desired pattern to be revealed at the final surface.
Banded or layered microstructures also occur in wrought steels produced from cast
ingots, which have variation in concentration of solutes (e.g, phosphorus)
originating from solidification microsegregation. This segregation was also
significant in the development of dual phase steels, of importance for the
production of car bodies, where the use of an intercritical quench results in
banded martensite-ferrite microstructures, and subsequent low temperature tempering
precipitates excess carbon from the ferrite. Such a sheet structure work hardens
more rapidly than normal sheet of the same or somewhat greater carbon content,
which is appropriate for the small amount of forming usually required.
Attempts have also been made to produce a tough, more stable, layered
microstructure synthetically by roll bonding layers of aluminium stabilised ferrite
with high carbon steel. Although wires of martensite cored ferrite made in a
similar manner gave promising results of substantially higher plastic strain to
fracture, attempts to swage skeins of such wire to rod were unsuccessful. Layered
austenite-martensite structures can also be produced by the choice of suitable
compositions. In the historical Malayan kris dagger layers of a high nickel content
iron were developed which stabilised the austenite phase, as in recent work on a
composite based on nickel coated components for rapier blades and for improved
resistance to stress corrosion cracking in wider use.
C1 Univ Cambridge, Dept Met & Sci Mat, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
C3 University of Cambridge
RP Charles, JA (corresponding author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Met & Sci Mat,
Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
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NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 18
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5DB, ENGLAND
SN 0267-0836
PD JUN
PY 1998
VL 14
IS 6
BP 496
EP 503
DI 10.1179/mst.1998.14.6.496
PG 8
Engineering
GA ZW629
UT WOS:000074430800003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Partington, EC
Grieveson, P
Terry, B
AF Partington, EC
Grieveson, P
Terry, B
TI Self-sustaining oxidation of liquid aluminium and its alloys containing
magnesium and silicon
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLTEN
AB An experimental investigation has been conducted into factors affecting the
self-sustaining air oxidation of liquid aluminium and its alloys containing
magnesium and silicon. Thermogravimetry and optical microscopy, scanning electron
microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis have been performed to characterize the
progress of oxidation and the nature of the products produced. On the basis of the
results obtained, a comprehensive model is proposed capable of explaining the
observed capability of producing an alumina composite material by a self-sustaining
oxidation mechanism. It is proposed that aluminium/alumina transport occurs by
means of the formation of gas-phase aluminium-bearing species which are then
encapsulated by a liquid MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag phase. Subsequent precipitation of
alumina from the slag phase provides the means by which alumina is continuously
distributed throughout a growing alumina composite material. (C) 1998 Chapman &
Hall.
C1 Univ Hong Kong, Dept Ind Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
C3 University of Hong Kong
RP Partington, EC (corresponding author), Univ Hong Kong, Dept Ind Engn, Pokfulam
Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
CR BALICKI S, 1959, PRACE I HUTNIC, V11, P71
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[No title captured]
NR 12
TC 8
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL
PI DORDRECHT
PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD MAY 1
PY 1998
VL 33
IS 9
BP 2447
EP 2455
DI 10.1023/A:1004372328492
PG 9
GA 149DQ
UT WOS:000077590200024
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dumay, C
Chatillon, C
Allibert, M
AF Dumay, C
Chatillon, C
Allibert, M
TI Mass spectrometric determination of activity coefficients of dilute
aluminium and calcium in liquid silicon and ferrosilicon alloys
SO JOURNAL DE CHIMIE PHYSIQUE ET DE PHYSICO-CHIMIE BIOLOGIQUE
LA English
CT Conference on Thermodynamics of Alloys 1996
CY SEP 02-05, 1996
CL MARSEILLE, FRANCE
DE Knudsen-cell mass spectrometry; Al-Ca-Fe-Si; activity; thermodynamics
AB The vaporisation of liquid Fe-Si-Al-Ca alloys was studied with a Knudsen-cell
mass spectrometric technique. A single graphite effusion cell was used and silicon
was chosen as thermodynamic reference. In the studied ranges of temperature [1523-
1923K] and composition (wt%Fe 0-55; wt%Al 0-0,5; wt%Ca 0-0,5), activities of Al and
Ca were derived from measured Al+, Ca+, Si+ ionic intensities and from Si activity
in the melt. The results in terms of activity coefficients at infinite dilution are
: gamma(Al)(proportional to) = 0,45 + 10(-1) [T-1687] and ln(gamma(Ca)(proportional
to)) = 1,52 - 15634/T in liquid Si and gamma(Al)(proportional to) = 0,45 + 1,03[1-
X-si] and ln(gamma(Ca)(proportional to)) = 1,167 - 8,807x(si) in liquid Fe-Si
alloys at 1723K (T: degrees K, X-Si : Si molar fraction). A good agreement is found
with previous results derived from metal/slag equilibria.
C1 ECOLE NATL SUPER ELECTROCHIM & ELECTROME GRENOBL,INST NATL POLYTECH
GRENOBLE,UJFMCNRS,UMR 5614,F-38402 ST MARTIN DHER,FRANCE.
PECHINEY ELECTROMET,USINE LAUDUN,F-30290 LAUDUN,FRANCE.
C3 Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Institut National Polytechnique de
Grenoble
CR BANON S, 1982, HIGH TEMP SCI, V15, P17
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NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
PI PARIS
PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS, FRANCE
SN 0021-7689
J9 J CHIM PHYS PCB
JI J. Chim. Phys.-Chim. Biol.
PD MAY
PY 1997
VL 94
IS 5
BP 971
EP 977
DI 10.1051/jcp/1997940971
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Physical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA XE470
UT WOS:A1997XE47000016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KR
Suito, H
AF Lee, KR
Suito, H
TI Reoxidation of aluminum in Fe-Al-M (M C, Mn, and Ti) melts with
CaO-Al2O3-FetO (3 mass pct) slags
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID-IRON; OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; NITROGEN; THERMODYNAMICS; MGO
AB An Fe-0.01 to 0.5 mass pct <(Al) under bar> alloy and an Fe-0.003 to 0.71 mass
pet <(Al) under bar -1> mass pet <(M) under bar> (M = C, Mn, and Ti) alloy were
reoxidized with the CaO-Al2O3-Fe1O (3 mass pet) slags at 1873 K in an Al2O3 or CaO
crucible for 5 and 60 minutes. The contents of acid-insoluble Al, total O, and
alloying element M in metal as well as those of M and Fe,O in slag were measured as
a function of total Al content. On the basis of the present and previous results
for <Fe-(Al-Te) under bar> alloys, the effect of alloying elements on the degree of
supersaturation with respect to the Al2O3 precipitation was studied. As a result,
the supersaturation phenomenon was observed in all experiments at 5 minutes, but in
the experiments at 60 minutes, it was observed only in <Fe-(Al) under bar> and <Fe-
(Al-Ti) under bar> alloys. No supersaturation was observed in the reoxidation of Si
in Fe-0.13 to 0.98 mass pet <(Si) under bar> alloys with the CaO-SiO2-Fe1O (3 mass
pet) slags in a CaO crucible at 5 and 60 minutes.
C1 TOHOKU UNIV, INST ADV MAT PROC, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980, JAPAN.
RP Lee, KR (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV, DEPT MET, SENDAI, MIYAGI 980,
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NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD JUN
PY 1996
VL 27
IS 3
BP 423
EP 431
DI 10.1007/BF02914907
PG 9
Engineering
GA UT477
UT WOS:A1996UT47700012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU PATSIOGIANNIS, F
PAL, UB
BOGAN, RS
AF PATSIOGIANNIS, F
PAL, UB
BOGAN, RS
TI KINETIC-STUDIES ON THE DESULFURIZATION OF ALUMINUM KILLED LOW-CARBON
STEEL USING SYNTHETIC FLUXES
LA English
DT Article
AB Laboratory size (5 kg) aluminum killed low carbon steel melts were desulfurized
with synthetic fluxes in zirconia crucibles. The sulfur, oxygen, aluminium,
silicon and manganese contents in the melt were determined as a function of
refining time and temperature. With a good argon shield and synthetic flux cover,
melt reoxidation was not observed. Sulfur removal followed first order reaction
kinetics. The effectiveness of calcia saturated calcium-aluminate (12CaO.7Al2O3)
based fluxes in desulfurizing the steel melts was evaluated. The effects of
initial sulfur level of the melt, weight of the flux (slag) and additions of
tellurium, fluorspar and barium oxide to the melt on the kinetics of
desulfurization were also studied.
C1 USX CORP,US STEEL GRP,MONROEVILLE,PA 15146.
RP PATSIOGIANNIS, F (corresponding author), MIT,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,77
MASSACHUSETTS AVE,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA.
RI Pal, Umapada/AAC-4930-2022
OI Pal, Uday/0000-0001-5020-9396
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NR 10
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PI OXFORD
SN 0008-4433
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 1994
VL 33
IS 4
BP 305
EP 312
PG 8
GA PX119
UT WOS:A1994PX11900006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SJ
Shi, CB
Liang, YJ
Wan, XX
Zhu, X
AF Wang, Shijun
Shi, Chengbin
Liang, Yujing
Wan, Xiuxiu
Zhu, Xin
TI Evolution and Formation of Non-metallic Inclusions During Electroslag
Remelting of a Heat-Resistant Steel for Ultra-supercritical Power Plants
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; LIQUID INCLUSION; SLAG;
EQUILIBRIUM; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORS; PARTICLES; REMOVAL; SURFACE
AB This work aims to clarify the evolution and formation mechanisms of non-metallic
inclusions during protective argon gas atmosphere electroslag remelting (ESR) of a
low-aluminum 9 mass pctCr heat-resistant steel. The pickup degree of both boron and
aluminum in liquid steel during protective argon gas atmosphere ESR was lowered
with increasing the SiO2 content of the slag through inhibiting steel-slag
reactions. A kinetic model for describing and predicting oxide inclusion removal by
slag adsorption was developed. The oxide inclusions from the steel electrode
(quaternary MnO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO) were fully removed through dissociating into their
specific chemical species in liquid steel in parallel with absorbing those
undissociated inclusions into molten slag before liquid metal droplets enter into
the liquid metal pool. The critical sizes of the oxide inclusions through different
removal ways in the ESR process were determined. A part of patch-type MnS
inclusions was dissociated into soluble sulfur and manganese in liquid steel,
whereas the others dissolved into oxide inclusions during the ESR. The inclusions
in the liquid metal pool and ingots are the newly born Al2O3 (around 80 pct in
number fraction) and CaO-Al2O3. The formation of oxide inclusions during the
cooling and solidification of liquid steel leads to an increase in both the size
and number density of inclusions.
C1 [Wang, Shijun; Shi, Chengbin; Liang, Yujing; Wan, Xiuxiu; Zhu, Xin] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing USTB, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Shi, CB (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, State Key Lab
EM chengbin.shi@ustb.edu.cn
RI Shi, Chengbin/J-1262-2016
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52074027, 51874026]; State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy [41621024]
FX The authors greatly appreciate the assistance from Prof. Guoguang Cheng
and Mr. Zhiqi Miao in conducting the model estimation of slag component
activity. The financial support by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52074027 and 51874026) and the State Key
Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy (Grant No. 41621024) is greatly
acknowledged.
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Xu X, 2020, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V791, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2020.139546
Xuan CJ, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P1957, DOI 10.1007/s11663-019-01568-2
Yan P, 2013, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V588, P22, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2013.09.033
Zeiler C, 2010, METALL ITAL, P33
NR 75
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 5
BP 3095
EP 3114
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02589-0
EA JUL 2022
PG 20
Engineering
GA 4N3PL
UT WOS:000823391500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, L
Zhang, DY
Liu, Y
Chen, M
AF Xu, Lei
Zhang, Dongye
Liu, Yang
Chen, Min
TI Iron Recovery from Waste Copper Slag by Using Coal and Secondary
Aluminum Dross as Co-Reductants
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID REDUCTION-MAGNETIC SEPARATION; SMELTING SLAG; SOLUBILITY; NA2CO3; MGO
AB In this work, a new and carbon-free reductant, i.e., secondary aluminum dross,
is used to replace coal to recycle valuable metals from copper slag by smelting
reduction. The influence of substitution ratio on slag properties and metal
recovery was investigated. The results show that the metal recovery is mainly
determined by the settlement of the generated metals after reduction because of the
rapid increase of slag viscosity. Although the viscosity of the final slag was 0.3-
0.4 Pa center dot s when using coal as the primary reductant at 1550 degrees C,
only 95.4% Fe was recovered because of the slag foaming effect. The viscosity was
still kept at an acceptable level at the substitution ratio of 50% but the foaming
phenomenon disappeared, leading to an almost complete recovery of iron (98.2%).
However, the final slags became extremely viscous with a further increase of
aluminum dross content, greatly impeding the separation of metal droplets.
C1 [Xu, Lei; Zhang, Dongye; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol
Met Multimetall Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Lei; Zhang, Dongye; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11
Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, L (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall
Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Xu, L (corresponding
author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R
China.
EM xul@smm.neu.edu.cn; chenm@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Xu, Lei/0000-0002-3598-1502
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N2025030,
N2225028]
China (Grant Nos. 51804075 and 51974080) and the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities (Grant nos. N2025030 and N2225028).
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Shi JJ, 2022, JOM-US, V74, P654, DOI 10.1007/s11837-021-05040-y
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Wang HY, 2021, JOM-US, V73, P703, DOI 10.1007/s11837-020-04515-8
Yoon CM, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P2322, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1317-5
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173
2
Zhou SW, 2019, J CLEAN PROD, V217, P423, DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.184
Zuo ZL, 2021, CHEM ENG J, V405, DOI 10.1016/j.cej.2020.126671
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAY
PY 2022
VL 74
IS 5
BP 2029
EP 2036
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05218-y
EA MAR 2022
PG 8
GA 0K9PM
UT WOS:000766073300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, G
Lu, CX
Gan, MJ
Wang, QQ
He, SP
AF Li, Gang
Lu, Chunxiao
Gan, Meijuan
Wang, Qiangqiang
He, Shengping
TI Influence of Submerged Entry Nozzle Clogging on the Flow Field and Slag
Entrainment in the Continuous Casting Mold by the Physical Model
LA English
DT Article
ID POWDER ENTRAPMENT
AB Clogging of the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is a common problem during the
continuous casting of aluminum-killed steel. To visualize the flow field and
quantitatively assess the variation of the steel-slag interface after the formation
of clogging, this study built a 0.5-scale physical model of the mold using perspex
and the clogged nozzle was fabricated by sticking perspex particles with various
sizes on the internal wall. The shape of clogging was designed according to the
bifurcated SEN taken from the steel plant after one sequence casting was done, and
different clogging ratios were considered to investigate the influence of clogging
growth on the flow field and slag entrainment in the mold. The main results
indicated that, as the clogging inside nozzles grew, the flow field of molten steel
changed gradually from a typical symmetrical double-roll pattern to an asymmetric
pattern, either with stronger upper roll or deeper lower roll. When the clogging
ratio was below 10 pct, the distribution of the oil layer and the frequency of slag
entrainment at the water-oil interface were affected slightly. As the clogging
ratio reached 30 or 50 pct, the oil was pushed toward the nozzle and the water
surface near the narrow face was exposed to air. The water-oil interface became
extremely unstable, and an obvious bulge at the interface was formed. As the
clogging ratio was increased, the drag of oil into the molten steel happened
continuously and the frequency of slag entrainment was beyond 20 per minute. The
entrainment also became severe with the increase of casting speed and the decrease
of oil viscosity. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2022
C1 [Li, Gang; Lu, Chunxiao; Gan, Meijuan; Wang, Qiangqiang; He, Shengping]
Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Li, Gang; Lu, Chunxiao; Gan, Meijuan; Wang, Qiangqiang; He, Shengping]
Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadiuma Titanium Met & Adv Ma, Chongqing
RP Wang, QQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
400044, Peoples R China.; Wang, QQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ,
Chongqing Key Lab Vanadiuma Titanium Met & Adv Ma, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
EM wtfwawj@163.com
RI Wang, Qiangqiang/AAV-5718-2020
OI Wang, Qiangqiang/0000-0002-5506-6539
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52074054, U20A20270,
51804057, 51874057]; Science and Technology Key Project of Panxi
Experimental Area [1840STC30699]
China (Grant Nos. 52074054, U20A20270, 51804057, and 51874057) and The
Science and Technology Key Project of Panxi Experimental Area
(1840STC30699).
CR Abdulsalam M, 2021, METALL MATER TRANS B, V52, P3970, DOI 10.1007/s11663-021-
02312-5
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0082-4
Srinivas PS, 2017, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V44, P473, DOI
10.1080/03019233.2016.1215948
Srinivas PS, 2017, ISIJ INT, V57, P1553, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-
2017-062
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NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 3
BP 1436
EP 1445
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02451-3
EA FEB 2022
PG 10
Engineering
GA 1A5VH
UT WOS:000756177600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, SY
Wang, DY
Hou, D
Zhao, W
Li, XL
Qu, TP
Zhu, QD
AF Hu, Shaoyan
Wang, Deyong
Hou, Dong
Zhao, Wei
Li, Xianglong
Qu, Tianpeng
Zhu, Qingde
TI Research on the Preparation Parameters and Basic Properties of Premelted
Calcium Aluminate Slag Prepared from Secondary Aluminum Dross
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE secondary aluminum dross; premelted calcium aluminate slag;
thermodynamic calculation; lime-based calcination; leaching toxicity
ID RECOVERY; CHLORIDE; STEEL
AB Secondary aluminum dross is a byproduct of the electrolytic aluminum industry,
whose main components are Al2O3, AlN and Na3AlF6. Secondary aluminum dross is a
type of hazardous waste, with a tremendous yield every year. Realizing the harmless
treatment or resource utilization of secondary aluminum dross has important
economic and social benefits. In the present research, the process of preparing
premelted calcium aluminate slag used for molten steel refining from secondary
aluminum dross was studied in detail. Firstly, the chemical composition and phase
component of secondary aluminum dross were analyzed systematically. Then, according
to phase diagram analysis and melting point measurement, the appropriate mixing
ratio of CaO and secondary aluminum dross and the appropriate calcination
temperature were determined. On this basis, an experiment of premelted calcium
aluminate slag preparation was carried out in a tubular resistance furnace. The
phase component and micromorphology of the premelted slag were analyzed by XRD and
SEM. The results show that the main component of the premelted calcium aluminate
slag is 11CaO & BULL;7Al(2)O(3)& BULL;CaF2 phase with a low melting point. The
original Na3AlF6 phase, which is the cause of leachable fluoride in secondary
aluminum dross, disappears totally, and there is no water-soluble fluoride detected
in the leaching toxicity detection. The research indicates that the process of
preparing premelted calcium slag from secondary aluminum dross is feasible, which
provides a helpful reference for the resource utilization of secondary aluminum
dross.
C1 [Hu, Shaoyan; Wang, Deyong; Hou, Dong; Zhao, Wei; Li, Xianglong; Qu, Tianpeng]
Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215137, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Qingde] Hongxing Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Jiuquan Iron & Steel Grp, Jiayuguan
RP Hou, D; Zhao, W (corresponding author), Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou
EM syhu616@suda.edu.cn; deyongwang1222@163.com; houdong0702@suda.edu.cn;
zhaowei0312@suda.edu.cn; xlli202005@163.com; tianpengqu8119@163.com;
zhuqingde@jiugang.com
RI li, xianglong/HTS-1090-2023; Hu, Shaoyan/ADO-4995-2022
OI Hu, Shaoyan/0000-0003-1285-9499
Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20200869]; China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation [2020M681709]
FX FundingThis research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation
of China (No. 52104337), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province (BK20200869) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
(2020M681709 ).
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U2 117
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PI BASEL
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J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 19
AR 5855
DI 10.3390/ma14195855
PG 17
Physics
GA XJ9RS
UT WOS:000727116100001
PM 34640250
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Feng, X
Yao, W
Li, JL
AF Feng, Xin
Yao, Wen
Li, Jiangling
TI Effect of B2O3 on the structure of
CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 ternary
melts: A molecular dynamics simulation
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 Systems; Molecular dynamics simulation; Microstructure
ID MOLD FLUX; ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; HEAT-TRANSFER; TRIP STEEL;
CRYSTALLIZATION; VISCOSITY; AL; TEMPERATURE; SLAG; TRANSITION
AB CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux has been a good candidate for high aluminum steel
casting. However, the high melting temperature, great viscosity and complexed
crystallization of CaO-Al2O3 slags had affected the controlling of heat transfer
and lubrication between mold flux and steel. B2O3 as a good additive, can
effectively adjust the properties of slag. Therefore, the effect of B2O3 on the
structure of CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 system were investigated by molecular dynamics
simulation. The results showed that Al3+ was dominated by [AlO4] tetrahedra (about
80%), with [AlO5] and [AlO6] as the rest. B3+ mainly formed two-dimensional layered
[BO3] and [BO4] tetrahedral. As the increase of B2O3, B3+ tended to form more [BO3]
and combined with [AlO4] to form the B-III-O-Al-IV linkage, which prevented the
extension of the Al-O three-dimensional network, and reduced the degree of network
polymerization, and resulting in the decrease of viscosity. This work would be
helpful to optimize the design of CaO-Al2O3 mold flux.
C1 [Feng, Xin; Yao, Wen; Li, Jiangling] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
[Li, Jiangling] Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New
Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
400044, Peoples R China.; Li, JL (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Chongqing
Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM lijiangling@cqu.edu.cn
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51704050]; China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation [2017M612905]
FX This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China
(51704050) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M612905) .
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NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0022-3093
EI 1873-4812
PD DEC 15
PY 2021
VL 574
AR 121141
DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2021.121141
EA SEP 2021
PG 7
GA US2BP
UT WOS:000697239500009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tiparti, D
Ho, IT
Chang, KC
Hsu, TH
Yeh, AC
Tin, S
AF Tiparti, Dhruv
Ho, I-Ting
Chang, Kai-Chun
Hsu, Tzu-Hou
Yeh, An-Chou
Tin, Sammy
TI Understanding the Effects of CoAl2O4 Inoculant
Additions on Microstructure in Additively Manufactured Inconel 718
Processed Via Selective Laser Melting
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAIN-REFINEMENT; EQUIAXED TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM; COLUMNAR;
RECRYSTALLIZATION; MIGRATION; ALLOYS; GROWTH
AB The effect of varying amounts of CoAl2O4 inoculant ranging from 0 to 2 wt pct on
the microstructure evolution of Inconel 718(IN718) fabricated by selective laser
melting (SLM) was evaluated. Characterization of the as-built microstructure
revealed that addition of CoAl2O4 resulted in a modest degree of grain refinement
with a slight increase in microstructural anisotropy. Increasing the total CoAl2O4
content beyond 0.2 wt pct resulted in severe agglomeration of the non-metallic
particles and the formation of slag inclusions measuring up to 100 mu m in size
present in the as-built microstructure. In addition to large agglomerates, the
inoculant was chemically reduced to form a fine dispersion of submicron-sized Al2O3
particles throughout the IN718 matrix. The fine dispersion of oxides significantly
hindered grain recrystallization during the post-fabrication heat treatment due to
a Zener pinning effect. The findings from this study indicate in order to
effectively utilize CoAl2O4 as a grain refining inoculant for additive
manufacturing, the process parameters need to be optimized to avoid agglomeration
of the non-metallic particles and other process-related defects.
C1 [Tiparti, Dhruv; Ho, I-Ting; Tin, Sammy] IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn,
Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Chang, Kai-Chun; Hsu, Tzu-Hou; Yeh, An-Chou] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
C3 Illinois Institute of Technology; National Tsing Hua University
RP Tiparti, D (corresponding author), IIT, Dept Mech Mat & Aerosp Engn, Chicago, IL
60616 USA.
EM dtiparti@hawk.iit.edu
RI Tin, Sammy/G-2869-2012; Ho, I-Ting/JBS-8703-2023
OI Ho, I-Ting/0000-0001-6741-4724; Tin, Sammy/0000-0002-0283-4426
FU National Science Foundation CMMI [1663068]; Ministry of Science and
Technology (MOST), Taiwan [MOST108-2218-E007-009]; Div Of Civil,
Mechanical, & Manufact Inn; Directorate For Engineering [1663068]
Funding Source: National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation CMMI #
1663068 and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan
MOST108-2218-E007-009
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NR 49
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 6
BP 2630
EP 2641
DI 10.1007/s11661-021-06255-z
EA APR 2021
PG 12
Engineering
GA RW8XY
UT WOS:000636964900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Widmer, J
Nakano, J
Nakano, A
Bennett, J
AF Widmer, Jack
Nakano, Jinichiro
Nakano, Anna
Bennett, James
TI Concentrating rare earth elements to phosphate in molten coal ash by a
temperature gradient approach
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Europium; Rare earth elements; Coal ash; Slag; Calcium phosphate;
Extraction
AB Synthetic coal ash bearing 560 ppm europium oxide, blended with aluminum
phosphate, was heat treated above its melting temperature and crystal evolutions
with respect to europium concentration under controlled cooling were studied. The
sample in a boat crucible was subjected to a temperature gradient of 100 degrees C
across it to cause zone refining effects on crystallization behaviors in the melt
(slag). Post analysis found six mineral phases formed from the melt while europium
was only present in calcium phosphate, implying the majority of europium was
segregated to the calcium phosphate. Europium concentrations in the calcium
phosphate phase tended to be higher at zones with higher temperatures: as high as
7200 ppm, a 13-fold increase from the initial concentration.
C1 [Widmer, Jack; Nakano, Jinichiro; Nakano, Anna; Bennett, James] US DOE, Natl
Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Widmer, Jack] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 100 ORAU Way, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Nakano, Jinichiro; Nakano, Anna] Leidos Res Support Team, 1450 Queen Ave,
Albany, OR 97321 USA.
C3 United States Department of Energy (DOE); National Energy Technology
Laboratory - USA; Oak Ridge Associated Universities; United States
Department of Energy (DOE); Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education
RP Widmer, J (corresponding author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen
Ave, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM jack.widmer@colorado.edu
FU US Department of Energy's Rare Earth Recovery Program; RSS
[89243318CFE000003]
FX This work was performed in support of the US Department of Energy's Rare
Earth Recovery Program. This research was supported in part by an
appointment to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Postgraduate Research
Program at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) administered
by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). Research
performed by Leidos Research Support Team staff was conducted under the
RSS contract 89243318CFE000003.
CR [Anonymous], 2014, CRITICAL METALS HDB
Blissett RS, 2014, FUEL, V119, P236, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.11.053
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NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD FEB 15
PY 2021
VL 235
AR 103688
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2021.103688
EA FEB 2021
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA QK4PQ
UT WOS:000620369500002
OA hybrid, Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shi, GY
Zhang, TA
Dou, ZH
Niu, LP
AF Shi, Guan-Yong
Zhang, Ting-An
Dou, Zhi-He
Niu, Li-Ping
TI Dissolution Behavior of Al2O3 Inclusions in
CaO-Al2O3 Based Slag Representing Aluminothermic
Reduction Slag
SO CRYSTALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al2O3 dissolution behavior; aluminate slag; intermediate compounds
ID ALUMINA; KINETICS
AB In the preparation of CuCr alloy using the self-propagating high-temperature
synthesis (SHS)-metallurgy method, the dissolution of alumina in molten slag has an
important influence in two key steps: aluminum thermal reduction and slag refining.
In the present work, the dissolution behavior of Al2O3 into molten SHS-
metallurgical slags was investigated by employing the rotating cylinder method and
static dissolution method. It is concluded that the increase of MgO, CaF2, CaO, and
Na3AlF6 contents can increase the dissolution rate of alumina in SHS-metallurgical
slag, and the order of influence is from strong to weak. Both temperature and
rotating speed can increase the dissolution rate, and the rate-limiting step is the
diffusion of alumina in the boundary layer, with the solid alumina first reacting
with lime to form two intermediate phases, CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) and CaO center
dot 6Al(2)O(3), and finally dissolving into the slag in the form of an aluminum
polymer.
C1 [Shi, Guan-Yong] Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Green Met & Proc Intensificat,
Ganzhou 341000, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Guan-Yong; Zhang, Ting-An; Dou, Zhi-He; Niu, Li-Ping] Northeastern Univ,
Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall Ores, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
C3 Jiangxi University of Science & Technology; Northeastern University -
China
RP Zhang, TA (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol
Met Multimetall Ores, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM shigy@jxust.edu.cn; zta2000@163.net; douzh@smm.neu.edu.cn;
niulp@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Dou, Zhihe/0000-0002-5020-6192
FU Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry
of Education) [NEMM2018004]; Science and Technology Research Project of
the Education Department of Jiangxi Province [GJJ180463]; Doctoral
Scientific Research Foundation of JXUST [jxxjbs17006]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51674074, u1702253]
FX This research was funded by The Open Fund Project of the Key Laboratory
for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry of Education),
grant number NEMM2018004; The Science and Technology Research Project of
the Education Department of Jiangxi Province, grant number GJJ180463;
the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of JXUST, grant number
jxxjbs17006; the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant
number 51674074, u1702253.
CR Akola J, 2013, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V110, P10129, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1300908110
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[豆志河 Dou Zhihe], 2016, [中国材料进展, Materials China], V35, P598
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P1000
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PROCESSING, P131
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NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 25
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
SN 2073-4352
J9 CRYSTALS
JI Crystals
PD NOV
PY 2020
VL 10
IS 11
AR 1061
DI 10.3390/cryst10111061
PG 12
WC Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Crystallography; Materials Science
GA OW2YI
UT WOS:000592758500001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, HR
Jin, J
Liu, DY
Hou, FX
Hang, YX
AF Yang, Haoran
Jin, Jing
Liu, Dunyu
Hou, Fengxiao
Hang, Yixuan
TI The effect on ash deposition by blending high-calcium Zhundong coal with
vermiculite: Focusing on minerals transformations
SO ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE ash deposition; minerals transformations; vermiculite; Zhundong coal
ID BIOMASS ASHES; COMBUSTION; SODIUM; LIGNITE; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION;
ADDITIVES; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; BOILER
AB To solve the ash deposition problem caused by burning high-calcium Zhundong coal
(ZDC), the addition of vermiculite is a promising solution. However, complete
mechanisms of vermiculite addition reducing ash deposition are still unknown. In
this paper, the effect of vermiculite on sodium emission, ash fusion
characteristics, and mineral transformation is investigated. The results show that
although vermiculite, with limited Na capture capacity, lowers the ash fusion
temperatures (AFTs), it can greatly reduce ash deposition. In the combustion of
ZDC, calcium-bearing minerals will react with clay minerals and then convert to
molten glassy phase. Those molten minerals will take high melting point minerals,
Ca(2)Al(2)SiO(7)and CaMgSi2O6, as bone, showing slagging phenomenon with high AFTs.
When vermiculite is introduced, the main reaction products are Ca(2)MgSi(2)O(7)and
Mg(2)SiO(4)and that reduces the extent of molten minerals formation. The main ash
product transforming from Ca(2)Al(2)SiO(7)to Ca(2)MgSi(2)O(7)leads to the decrease
of AFTs. The initial ash deposition with Ca(2)Al(2)SiO(7)still happens; however,
vermiculite addition makes it hard for ash to grow on the existing ash deposit. The
results of FactSage software agree with the experimental ones, and the proportion
of slag decreases by 36% with vermiculite at 1250 degrees C.
C1 [Yang, Haoran; Jin, Jing; Liu, Dunyu; Hou, Fengxiao; Hang, Yixuan] Univ Shanghai
Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Haoran; Jin, Jing] Shanghai Key Lab Multiphase Flow & Heat Transfer,
Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Haoran] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
C3 University of Shanghai for Science & Technology; Lehigh University
RP Jin, J (corresponding author), Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol, Sch Energy & Power
Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
EM alicejin001@163.com
RI Hou, Fengxiao/R-7677-2017
OI Hou, Fengxiao/0000-0002-4831-8232
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51976129]; China
Scholarship Council
FX National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number:
51976129; China Scholarship Council
Dai BQ, 2015, FUEL, V139, P720, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.06.054
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NR 34
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 6
U2 33
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1932-2135
EI 1932-2143
J9 ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG
JI Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2021
VL 16
IS 1
AR e2571
DI 10.1002/apj.2571
EA AUG 2020
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA QP2PD
UT WOS:000562513300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, C
Dou, ZH
Zhang, TA
AF Cheng, Chu
Dou, Zhihe
Zhang, Tingan
TI Mechanism of Melt Separation in Preparation of Low-Oxygen High Titanium
Ferroalloy Prepared by Multistage and Deep Reduction
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE multistage and deep reduction; low-oxygen high titanium ferroalloy;
inclusions; melt separation; slag-metal separation
ID FERROTITANIUM; ALLOY; FETI; AL
AB A novel method to prepare low-oxygen and high-titanium ferroalloy by multistage
and deep reduction was proposed in this study. Specifically, the raw materials,
high titanium slag and iron concentrate are firstly reduced by insufficient Al
powder to obtain high temperature melt. Secondly, CaO and CaF2 are added into the
melt to adjust the basicity of the molten slag. Then, a melt separation under the
heat preservation is carried out to intensify the slag-metal separation. Finally,
calcium or magnesium is added into the metal melt for a deep reduction. Thereafter,
high titanium ferroalloy with an extra-low oxygen content can be obtained. Effects
of slag basicity and melt separation time on the slag-metal separation removal were
systematically studied. The results indicate that the high titanium ferroalloy,
produced by the thermite method, contains a lot of Al2O3 inclusions. This leads to
a high oxygen and aluminum content in the alloy. With a melt separation with high
basicity slag treatment, the Al2O3 inclusions can be effectively removed from the
alloy melt, and the slag-metal separation efficiency is greatly improved. With the
addition of high basicity slag during melt separation, Ti content in the alloy is
improved from 51.04% to 68.24%. Furthermore, and the Al and O contents are reduced
from 10.38% and 9.36% to 4.24% and 1.56%, respectively. However, suboxides, such as
Ti2O and Fe0.9536O, still exist after a melt separation. This indicates that a deep
reduction is needed to obtain extra-low oxygen high titanium ferroalloy.
C1 [Cheng, Chu] Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Luoyang 471003,
Peoples R China.
[Cheng, Chu] Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Nonferrous Met
Henan Prov, Luoyang 471003, Peoples R China.
[Dou, Zhihe; Zhang, Tingan] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
C3 Henan University of Science & Technology; Henan University of Science &
Technology; Northeastern University - China
RP Cheng, C (corresponding author), Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Luoyang 471003, Peoples R China.; Cheng, C (corresponding author), Henan Univ Sci &
Technol, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Nonferrous Met Henan Prov, Luoyang 471003, Peoples
R China.; Dou, ZH (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang
EM cheng_chu_love@126.com; douzh@smm.neu.edu.cn; zta2000@163.net
RI Cheng, Chu/HJZ-1042-2023; zhang, ting/IYT-0642-2023
OI Han, Chao/0000-0001-7957-6683; Cheng, Chu/0000-0002-3555-4973; Dou,
Zhihe/0000-0002-5020-6192
FU NATIONAL KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN [2017YFB0305401]; NATIONAL
NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA [51422403, 51774078]; FUNDAMENTAL
RESEARCH FUNDS FOR THE CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES [N162505002, N172506009,
N170908001]
FX This research was funded by"NATIONAL KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN,
grant number 2017YFB0305401", "THE NATIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION
OF CHINA, grant number 51422403, 51774078" and "THE FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
FUNDS FOR THE CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES, grant number N162505002, N172506009,
N170908001)".
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NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 17
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD MAR
PY 2020
VL 10
IS 3
AR 309
DI 10.3390/met10030309
PG 10
Engineering
GA LJ4LE
UT WOS:000530137000013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, ZX
Cheng, GJ
Yang, H
Xue, XX
Ri, JC
AF Gao, Zixian
Cheng, Gongjin
Yang, He
Xue, Xiangxin
Ri, Jongchol
TI Preparation of Ferrotitanium Using Ilmenite with Different Reduction
Degrees
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE ilmenite; reduction; self-propagation high-temperature synthesis;
ferrotitanium; slag
ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION; CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION;
INCLUSIONS; ALUMINUM; POWDER
AB The effect of ilmenite with different reduction degrees on the production of
ferrotitanium, using a self-propagation high-temperature synthesis method with
aluminum as the reducing agent, was investigated. Increasing the degree of
reduction not only contributed to lower consumption of aluminum, but also lowered
the oxygen content and improved the grades of titanium and iron in the
ferrotitanium. The aluminum content of the ferrotitanium increased with an increase
in the extent of reduction of ilmenite, so the Al2O3 content formed in the slag
decreased with the constant addition of CaO and CaF2 to the Al powder. This
decreased relatively the content of high-melting-point CaAl12O19 and increased the
contents of low-melting-point CaAl2O4 and CaF2 in the slag, thereby promoting the
separation of ferrotitanium and slag. Improving the reduction degree of ilmenite is
beneficial to the preparation of ferrotitanium.
C1 [Gao, Zixian; Cheng, Gongjin; Yang, He; Xue, Xiangxin; Ri, Jongchol]
[Cheng, Gongjin; Yang, He; Xue, Xiangxin] Liaoning Key Lab Recycling Sci Met
Resources, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Xue, XX (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Liaoning, Peoples R China.; Xue, XX (corresponding author), Liaoning Key Lab
Recycling Sci Met Resources, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM xuexx@mail.neu.edu.cn
FX This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of
China, grant number 51674084.
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TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD SEP
PY 2019
VL 9
IS 9
AR 962
DI 10.3390/met9090962
PG 10
Engineering
GA JC2TQ
UT WOS:000489129800048
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, JL
Zhao, LH
Bao, YP
Gao, S
Wang, M
AF Guo, Jian-long
Zhao, Li-hua
Bao, Yan-ping
Gao, Shuai
Wang, Min
TI Carbon and oxygen behavior in the RH degasser with carbon powder
addition
LA English
DT Article
DE ultra-low-carbon steel; ruhrstahl-Heraeus degasser; carbon powder; de-C;
pre-deoxidization
ID AL-KILLED STEEL; DECARBURIZATION; MODEL; MECHANISM; FLOW
AB for ultra-low-carbon (ULC) steel production, the higher oxygen content before
Ruhrstahl-Heraeus (RH) decarburization (de-C) treatment could shorten the de-C time
in the RH degasser. However, this would lead to oxidation rates being exceeded by
molten steel production, affecting ULC steel surface quality. In this work, a
carbon powder addition (CPA) process was proposed to reduce the dissolved oxygen
content at the end of RH de-C through addition of carbon powder to molten steel in
the vacuum vessel. Carbon and oxygen behavior during the CPA and conventional
process was then studied. The results demonstrated that the de-C rate with CPA was
lower compared to the conventional process, but the carbon content at the end of
de-C presented no difference. The de-C reaction for CPA process took place in the
four reaction sites: (1) within the bulk steel where the spontaneous CO bubbles
form; (2) splashing area on the liquid steel surface; (3) Ar bubble surface; (4)
molten steel surface. The CPA process could significantly reduce the dissolved
oxygen content at the end of de-C, the sum content of FeO and MnO in the slag, the
aluminum consumption, and the defect rate of rolled products. This was beneficial
in improving ULC steel cleanliness.
C1 [Guo, Jian-long; Bao, Yan-ping; Gao, Shuai; Wang, Min] Univ Sci & Technol
Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Li-hua] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing
RP Zhao, LH (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
EM zhaolihua@metall.ustb.edu.cn
Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [FRF-IC-18-002];
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy Foundation of China
[41618019]
FX This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51874021), Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities of China (No. FRF-IC-18-002) and State Key
Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy Foundation of China (No. 41618019).
The authors are thankful to Magang (Group) Holding Co., Ltd. for the
support on the field test.
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NR 25
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD JUN
PY 2019
VL 26
IS 6
BP 681
EP 688
DI 10.1007/s12613-019-1782-0
PG 8
Mineral Processing
GA IC8ZH
UT WOS:000471270400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lebedev, AB
Utkov, VA
Khalifa, AA
AF Lebedev, Andrei B.
Utkov, Vladimir A.
Khalifa, Akhded Abrakhim
TI Sintered Sorbent Utilization for H2S Removal from Industrial
Flue Gas in the Process of Smelter Slag Granulation
SO JOURNAL OF MINING INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; industrial flue gas; pumice; absorbing capacity; sorbents;
smelter slag
AB Authors suggest removing hydrogen sulfide from the hot industrial gas at
temperatures 200-300 degrees C and its subsequent interaction with Fe2O3. For this
purpose the following sorbents have been proposed: a mixture of iron oxide and fly
ash; iron oxide and pumice; different samples of red mud (bauxite treatment
residues containing iron oxide). To prevent dusting and loss of absorbing capacity,
the sorbents were shaped into porous granules with other metallic oxides. Materials
utilized in the study were obtained the following way: mixing of Fe2O3 with fly
ash; sintering of the mixture with red mud. The blend contains aluminum oxide and
silica, which can act as matrix shapers, alkali oxides and fluxing agents that
reduce the temperature during metal sintering. After the samples had been saturated
with sulfur, they were positioned in a venting reservoir, where under the
temperature 600-700 degrees C desorption to the initial state occurred by means of
passing an air flow through the sorbent layer. In the process of this operation,
sulfur dioxide was released and reactive metal oxides re-emerged. Desorption also
generated a small amount of elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid. Absorbing capacity
was assessed at higher temperatures, efficiency of H2S removal reached 95-99.9 %.
Proposed technology of air cleaning is recommended to use in metallurgic processes
with elevated atmospheric pollution, e.g. granulation of melted blast-furnace slag.
C1 [Lebedev, Andrei B.; Utkov, Vladimir A.; Khalifa, Akhded Abrakhim] St Petersburg
Min Univ, St Petersburg, Russia.
C3 Saint Petersburg Mining University
RP Lebedev, AB (corresponding author), St Petersburg Min Univ, St Petersburg,
Russia.
EM 2799957@mail.ru; UtkovVA@yandex.ru; Engahmedkhalifa2@gmail.com
RI Khalifa, Ahmed/AAF-8929-2021
OI Khalifa, Ahmed/0000-0003-3092-1516
FU Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation
[11.4098.2017/PCh]
FX The study has been performed with financial support from the Ministry of
Education and Science of Russian Federation (project register number
11.4098.2017/PCh from 01.01.2017).
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NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU SAINT-PETERSBURG MINING UNIV
PI SANKT-PETERSBURG
PA SAINT-PETERSBURG MINING UNIV, SANKT-PETERSBURG, 00000, RUSSIA
SN 2411-3336
EI 2541-9404
J9 J MIN INST
JI J. Min. Inst.
PY 2019
VL 237
BP 292
EP 297
DI 10.31897/PMI.2019.3.292
PG 6
WC Mining & Mineral Processing
WE Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)
SC Mining & Mineral Processing
GA IG4YB
UT WOS:000473808800007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JL
Kong, BW
Jiang, LJ
Jia, DZ
Ren, S
Yang, J
Liu, QC
Shu, QF
Chou, KC
AF Li, Jiangling
Kong, Bowen
Jiang, Lijun
Jia, Dezhao
Ren, Shan
Yang, Jian
Liu, Qingcai
Shu, Qifeng
Chou, Kuochih
TI Effect of B2O3 on Slag-Metal Reaction between
CaO-Al2O3-Based Mold Flux and High Aluminum Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE B2O3; slag-metal reaction; CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux
ID HIGH-AL STEEL; TIO2 ADDITION; VISCOSITY; CRYSTALLIZATION
AB The effect of B2O3 on slag-metal reaction between CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux and
high aluminum steel was investigated. The results showed that the addition of 5%
B2O3, the slag-metal reaction hardly occurred. When the content of B2O3 was
increased, the reaction rate increased rapidly. This indicated if only considering
the slag-metal reaction, it's better for high aluminum steel casting if the
addition content of B2O3 is less than 5%. The chemical reaction was greatly
influenced by the reaction time. With higher content of aluminum ([Al] = 0.1%), the
early stage of reaction was greatly affected by the reaction time, and furtherly,
the influence was decreased. When the aluminum content was increased, the effect of
[Al] on the slag-metal reaction was comparatively small in the initial 10 min, and
the content of [B] was increased slightly. But when the reaction time increased to
1 hour, the slag-metal reaction acutely occurred, and the content of [B] increased
rapidly.
C1 [Li, Jiangling; Kong, Bowen; Jiang, Lijun; Jia, Dezhao; Ren, Shan; Yang, Jian;
Liu, Qingcai] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
[Shu, Qifeng; Chou, Kuochih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
C3 Chongqing University; University of Science & Technology Beijing
EM lijiangling@cqu.edu.cn
OI Shu, Qifeng/0000-0001-5434-3314
FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[106112017CDJXY130001, 2018CDXYCL0018]
FX Financial supports from Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (Project no: 106112017CDJXY130001 and 2018CDXYCL0018) are
gratefully acknowledged.
CR Blazek K., 2011, FRAZEE ECCC METEC, P1
Du G, 2017, STEEL RES INT, V88, DOI 10.1002/srin.201600185
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Xiong Y., 2011, HIGH ALUMINUM STEEL
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NR 18
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD NOV
PY 2018
VL 37
IS 9-10
BP 981
EP 985
DI 10.1515/htmp-2017-0119
PG 5
GA GY2UG
UT WOS:000448398500018
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Xu, KP
Zhang, YB
Wang, Q
He, SP
AF Xu, Kun-peng
Zhang, Ya-bing
Wang, Qian
He, Sheng-ping
BE Hwang, JY
Jiang, T
Kennedy, MW
Gregurek, D
Wang, S
Zhao, B
Yucel, O
Keskinkilic, E
Downey, JP
Peng, Z
Padilla, R
TI Effect of Chemical Components of Mould Flux on Dissolution Rate of
Al2O3 into Molten Flux for High Manganese High
Aluminum Steel
SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE METALLURGICAL PROCESSING
SE Minerals Metals & Materials Series
LA English
CT 9th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing
CY 2018
CL Phoenix, AZ
DE High manganese high aluminum steel; Mould flux; Chemical components;
Al2O3; Dissolution rate
ID HIGH-STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; DUCTILE
AB A mass of Al2O3 tends to form during the continuous casting process of high
manganese high aluminum steel, and the properties of mould flux and the quality of
slab are seriously affected. The dissolution rate of Al2O3 into the CaO-SiO2-MgO-
Al2O3-F--Na2O-Li2O-BaO-B2O3 slag system has been investigated at 1573 K by
employing rotating cylinder method. This paper focuses on the effect of Na2O, Li2O,
B2O3, F-, Al2O3 contents and (CaO+ BaO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) ratio on the dissolution rate.
Experimental results show that the dissolution rate increases with increasing Na2O,
Li2O, B2O3 contents and decreasing Al2O3 content, among which Li2O has the greatest
effect on increasing dissolution rate; the dissolution rate increases with
increasing F-content in slag A-1, but decreases with that in slag A-2; the
dissolution rate increases with (CaO+ BaO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) ratio within the range from
0.91 to 1.31. The dissolution rate of Al2O3 into molten flux is mainly affected by
the viscosity of the molten flux and the thermodynamic driving force.
C1 [Xu, Kun-peng; Zhang, Ya-bing; Wang, Qian; He, Sheng-ping] Chongqing Univ, Coll
RP Wang, Q (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM wangqian66@vip.sina.com
FU Key Program of National Science Foundation of China [U1660204]
FX Financial supports from the Key Program of National Science Foundation
of China (No. U1660204) are gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 12
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-72138-5; 978-3-319-72137-8
J9 MINERAL MET MAT SER
PY 2018
BP 491
EP 501
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-72138-5_48
PG 11
Engineering
GA BL5BM
UT WOS:000451214300048
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, CJ
Bao, Y
Tang, DC
Ji, CX
Wang, LC
Cui, Y
Li, HB
AF Zhang, Chaojie
Bao, Yanping
Tang, Dechi
Ji, Chenxi
Wang, Leichuan
Cui, Yang
Li, Haibo
TI Effect of Size of Ferrotitanium on the Melting Behavior and the Yield in
the Refining of Interstitial Free Steel by RH De-gasser
LA English
DT Article
DE ferrotitanium; size; yield; interstitial free steel; RH de-gasser
ID ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; MOLTEN STEEL; OPTIMIZATION; FLOW; FE;
AL
AB The reduction of ferroalloy consumption used in the steel making is an important
approach to high-performance and low-cost steel manufacture. In this paper, the
effect of size of ferrotitanium on the yield in the refining of interstitial free
steel by RH de-gasser was investigated. Motion trajectory of ferrotitanium after
the addition into molten steel in RH de-gasser was investigated through water model
experiment. The effect of size of ferrotitanium on the melting time was
investigated by numerical simulation. Combining water model experiment with
numerical simulation, the loss mechanism and effect of size on the yield of
ferrotitanium were discussed. It was found that the size of ferrotitanium larger
than a certain value has a great opportunity of floating up to the interface of
molten steel and slag in ladle and being oxidized there. Results of industrial
experiment verified the mechanism. As for a 300 tons RH de-gasser, Fe-70%Ti alloy
whose size was larger than 43 mm had a low yield because of oxidation by the ladle
slag.
C1 [Zhang, Chaojie; Tang, Dechi; Ji, Chenxi; Cui, Yang; Li, Haibo] Shougang Grp Co
Ltd, Res Inst Technol, Beijing 100043, Peoples R China.
[Bao, Yanping] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Wang, Leichuan] Shougang Jingtang United Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Tangshan 063200,
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Shougang Group
RP Zhang, CJ (corresponding author), Shougang Grp Co Ltd, Res Inst Technol, Beijing
EM zhangchaojie1989@163.com
RI zhang, chao/HTO-2468-2023; Zhang, Chaoyang/JPK-5044-2023; zhang,
chao/IXD-9965-2023
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NR 18
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 8
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2018
VL 58
IS 12
BP 2262
EP 2270
PG 9
GA HG0XP
UT WOS:000454672900014
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Koryttseva, A
Webster, NAS
Pownceby, MI
Navrotsky, A
AF Koryttseva, Anastasia
Webster, Nathan A. S.
Pownceby, Mark I.
Navrotsky, Alexandra
TI Thermodynamic stability of SFCA (silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum)
and SFCA-I phases
LA English
DT Article
DE ferrites; thermodynamics
ID SOLID-SOLUTION LIMITS; FORMATION MECHANISMS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
CALORIMETRY; DIRECTIONS; REFINEMENT; PROGRESS
AB Silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) and SFCA-I phases form in iron ore
sintering operations. Their behavior in blast furnaces, with sinter being a
significant component of blast furnace burden, is of critical importance to the
iron-making process. They have complex disordered crystal structures and form over
a range of composition. In the present work, enthalpies of formation from oxides
for five different SFCA compounds and one SFCA-I phase were measured by oxide melt
solution calorimetry in molten lead borate solvent at 800 degrees C. The enthalpies
of formation from binary oxides are zero within experimental error for SFCA phases
and slightly endothermic for SFCA-I, confirming that SFCA phases are stabilized,
not by energetics, but by their configurational entropies resulting from atomic
site disorder. In addition, enthalpies of drop solution into a molten slag at 1450
degrees C were measured for SFCA phases and show good agreement with values
predicted using the heats of formation and previously measured drop solution
enthalpies for the binary oxides. This agreement confirms data consistency and
shows that the presence of variable amounts of SFCA relative to binary oxides in a
sinter will have negligible effect on the heat balance in the blast furnace.
C1 [Koryttseva, Anastasia; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, Peter A Rock
Thermochem Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Koryttseva, Anastasia; Navrotsky, Alexandra] Univ Calif Davis, NEAT ORU, Davis,
CA 95616 USA.
[Koryttseva, Anastasia] NI Lobachevsky State Univ Nizhny Novgorod, Dept Chem,
Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia.
[Webster, Nathan A. S.; Pownceby, Mark I.] CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton,
Vic, Australia.
C3 University of California System; University of California Davis;
University of California System; University of California Davis;
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod; Commonwealth Scientific
& Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
RP Navrotsky, A (corresponding author), Univ Calif Davis, Peter A Rock Thermochem
Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Navrotsky, A (corresponding author), Univ Calif Davis,
NEAT ORU, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM anavrotsky@ucdavis.edu
RI Webster, Nathan AS/C-7328-2012; Pownceby, Mark Ian/GLN-6915-2022;
Pownceby, Mark/S-9959-2019; Koryttseva, Anastasia/AAO-4546-2020
OI Webster, Nathan AS/0000-0003-1567-6823; Pownceby, Mark
Ian/0000-0002-7061-2489; Navrotsky, Alexandra/0000-0002-3260-0364
FU BHP Billiton; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian
Federation; Russian Academic Excellence 5/100 Project
FX BHP Billiton, Grant/Award Number: N/A; Ministry of Education and Science
of the Russian Federation, Grant/Award Number: Russian Academic
Excellence 5/100 Project
CR Bruker AXS,, 2014, TOPAS V5 GEN PROF ST
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0087-4
0137-5
9740-5
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 21
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 100
IS 8
BP 3646
EP 3651
DI 10.1111/jace.14857
PG 6
GA FF2MK
UT WOS:000408731300035
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Beheshti, R
Tabeshian, A
Aune, RE
AF Beheshti, Reza
Tabeshian, Ali
Aune, Ragnhild E.
BE Zhang, L
Drelich, JW
Neelameggham, NR
Guillen, DP
Haque, N
Zhu, J
Sun, Z
Wang, T
Howarter, JA
Tesfaye, F
Ikhmayies, S
Olivetti, E
Kennedy, MW
TI Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling Through Secondary Aluminum Production
SO ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 2017: CARBON DIOXIDE MANAGEMENT AND OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
CT Energy Technologies Symposium
CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2017
CL San Diego, CA
DE Li-ion battery; Pyrometalurgy; Lithium; Aluminum; Copper; Recycling
AB Today's lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are found in more than half of the hybrid-
electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles on the marked, all-electric vehicles, and
nearly all consumer electronics. As a result, recycling of LiBs will be a strategic
necessity in the near future. In the present study, the feasibility of application
of conventional aluminum recycling process (secondary aluminum production) as a
suitable process for treatment of LiBs was studied. The overall idea is to recover
aluminum, copper and lithium from a mixed waste stream of LiBs and aluminum scrap.
A two-stage process, consisting of a preheating step and a melting step, were
tested on cell phone batteries mixed with pure aluminum in a ratio 1: 10 and the
distribution of elements between the metal phase and the slag phase evaluated. The
obtained results are compared and discussed based on the thermodynamic calculated
by the use of the FactSage T software version 7.
C1 [Beheshti, Reza; Tabeshian, Ali; Aune, Ragnhild E.] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol
NTNU, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
RP Beheshti, R (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM rezakb@kth.se
RI Beheshti, Reza/V-3241-2019
CR [Anonymous], 2016, EUROPEAN ALTERNATIVE
[Anonymous], 2016, FACTSAGE 7, V7
[Anonymous], 2012, CONVERGENCE TERAHERT
Beheshti R., AUTOMOTIVE LITHIUM I, P65
Burnham A., 2011, TRANSP RES BOARD 90, P23
da Costa AJ, 2015, INT J MINER PROCESS, V145, P77, DOI
10.1016/j.minpro.2015.06.015
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.01.152
Gibson C., 2016, WHY DO THEY LOVE ELE
Richa K, 2014, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V83, P63, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.11.008
Schlesinger ME, 2014, ALUMINUM RECYCLING, 2ND EDITION, P1
Sonoc A, 2015, PROC CIRP, V29, P752, DOI 10.1016/j.procir.2015.02.039
Träger T, 2015, CHEM-ING-TECH, V87, P1550, DOI 10.1002/cite.201500066
Vidal J., 2014, NORWAY HAS FALLEN LO
Wang HG, 2015, J SUSTAIN METALL, V1, P168, DOI 10.1007/s40831-015-0016-6
Wang X, 2014, J ENVIRON MANAGE, V135, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.021
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-52192-3; 978-3-319-52191-6
PY 2017
BP 267
EP 274
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-52192-3_26
PG 8
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Energy & Fuels; Materials
Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science
GA BH9JJ
UT WOS:000404101900026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ying, R
Zhang, LF
Wen, F
AF Ying, Ren
Zhang, Lifeng
Wen, Fang
TI Effect of addition of Al-based slag deoxidizer on
MgO.Al2O3 inclusions in 3Si-Fe steels
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag; Thermodynamics; MgO.Al2O3; Inclusions; 3Si-Fe Steels
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; SPINEL
INCLUSIONS; LIQUID-IRON; THERMODYNAMICS; PRECIPITATION; ALUMINUM;
304-STAINLESS-STEEL; MGO-AL2O3
AB In the current study, laboratory experiments between CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-TiO2-
MnO-Fe2O3 slags and 3Si-Fe melts with the addition of an Al-based slag deoxidizer
with the main composition of 45% metallic Al, 25% CaO, 13% Al2O3, 4% SiO2 and 2.3%
MgO were carried out at 1873 K. The addition of an Al-based slag deoxidizer
increased not only Al but also Mg in the steel due to the reduction of MgO in slag
and crucible by Al, which was responsible for the evolution of inclusions from MgO
center dot Al2O3 to pure MgO. log(a(Mg)/a(Al)(2) . a(O)(2)) in steel linearly
increases by increasing log(a(MgO)(s)/a(Al2O3)(s)) in slag with the slope close to
unity. In addition, the relationship between log(X-MgO/X-Al2O3) in the inclusions
and log(a(Mg)/a(Al)(2) . a(O)(2)) in steel exhibits a linear correlation with a
slope close to 1. Consequently, the prediction of compositions of slag, steel and
inclusions can be achieved based on the relationships in the present study. The
calculated stability diagram of inclusions in Mg-Al-O-0.035% C-0.04 % Mn-3-Si-Fe
melts at 1873K can be used to predict the formation of Al2O3, MgO center dot Al2O3
and MgO inclusions based on the steel composition.
C1 [Ying, Ren; Zhang, Lifeng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Metallurg & Ecolog
[Wen, Fang] CISDI R&D Co LTD, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Metallurg &
Ecolog Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
FU National Science Foundation China [51274034, 51334002, 51404019];
(GREM); Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling
(GPM2); HighQuality steel Consortium(HQSC) at the School of
Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering at University of Science and
Technology Beijing (USTB), China
Foundation China (Grant No. 51274034, No. 51334002, and No. 51404019),
(GREM), the Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling
(GPM2) and the HighQuality steel Consortium(HQSC) at the
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering at University of
Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), China.
CR Alcântara FL, 2013, MATER RES-IBERO-AM J, V16, P1039, DOI [10.1590/S1516-
14392013005000090, 10.1590/S1516-14392013000500012]
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5093(02)00203-4
Zhang F., 2013, BAOSTEEL TECHNICALRE, V7, P28
Zhao Y, 2016, 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FIELD-PROGRAMMABLE TECHNOLOGY
(FPT), P69, DOI 10.1109/FPT.2016.7929191
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 18
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PY 2017
VL 114
IS 1
DI 10.1051/metal/2016043
PG 9
GA EQ6IP
UT WOS:000398185300008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU van den Berg, T
de Villiers, J
Cromarty, R
AF van den Berg, Teresa
de Villiers, Johan
Cromarty, Robert
TI Variation of the redox conditions and the resultant phase assemblages
during iron ore sintering
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERAL PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Sinter; Oxygen potential; Quenched sinter; Phase content; Thermodynamic
modeling
ID SFCA-I; ALUMINUM; FERRITES; CALCIUM; BED
AB The oxygen potential prevailing during iron ore sintering was measured with a
zirconia sensor in a series of sinter pot experiments. This was done to get a
better indication of the redox conditions during commercial sintering. It was found
that the pO(2) is appreciably more oxidizing than previously assumed, with a
minimum value of similar to 0.01 atm. It is concluded that this value represents
the oxygen potential of the gas phase and it is therefore a mixture of combustion
gas and downdraft air.
The contents of a quenched sinter pot where the reactions were interrupted with
the flame front situated midway through the sinter bed were investigated. X-ray
diffraction analysis, using an internal standard to quantify the amorphous slag
phase, revealed that at the flame front only magnetite and slag were present. SFCA
phases only formed at the top of the bed after the flame front had passed.
Thermodynamic modeling of the phases at equilibrium agree qualitatively with the
phase analysis and explained the extensive presence of magnetite and melt as well
as the formation of calcium ferrite phases during cooling below 1100 degrees C (C)
2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [van den Berg, Teresa; de Villiers, Johan; Cromarty, Robert] Univ Pretoria, Dept
Mat Sci & Met Engn, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa.
RP de Villiers, J (corresponding author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Mat Sci & Met Engn,
EM teresavdberg@gmail.com; johan.devilliers@up.ac.za;
robert.cromarty@up.ac.za
RI Cromarty, Robert/CAH-8668-2022
OI Cromarty, Robert/0000-0002-2424-040X
FU Kumba
FX The assistance of Andre Dippenaar and Kobus Vreugdenburg from Anglo
American Kumba for pot sinter tests is acknowledged. These were
conducted in addition to their normal duties. They also provided
valuable input to make these tests a success. The first author also
acknowledges financial assistance from Kumba in the form of a bursary.
CR Choudhary MK, 2007, ISIJ INT, V47, P516, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.47.516
Choudhary MK, 2008, ISIJ INT, V48, P1804, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.48.1804
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Liles D.C., 2015, MINERAL PETROL
Lv XW, 2011, ISIJ INT, V51, P722, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.51.722
PANIGRAHY SC, 1984, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V11, P246
0087-4
9740-5
Zhou H, 2012, ISIJ INT, V52, P2168, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.52.2168
NR 16
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0301-7516
EI 1879-3525
J9 INT J MINER PROCESS
JI Int. J. Miner. Process.
PD MAY 10
PY 2016
VL 150
BP 47
EP 53
DI 10.1016/j.minpro.2016.03.006
PG 7
GA DM7NH
UT WOS:000376546800007
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Järvinen, M
Kärnä, A
Visuri, VV
Sulasalmi, P
Heikkinen, EP
Pääskylä, K
De Blasio, C
Ollila, S
Fabritius, T
AF Jarvinen, Mika
Karna, Aki
Visuri, Ville-Valtteri
Sulasalmi, Petri
Heikkinen, Eetu-Pekka
Paaskyla, Katja
De Blasio, Cataldo
Ollila, Seppo
Fabritius, Timo
TI A Novel Approach for Numerical Modeling of the CAS-OB Process: Process
Model for the Heat-Up Stage
LA English
DT Article
DE CAS-OB; numerical modeling; heat-up stage
ID SLAG; FORMALISM
AB The objective of this work was to develop a process model for the CAS-OB
(Composition Adjustment by Sealed argon bubbling-Oxygen Blowing). The CAS-OB is
designed to homogenize and control the steel composition and temperature before the
casting. In the heating mode (OB) studied here, a refractory bell is lowered and
submerged 30 cm below the liquid steel surface of the ladle and under this well-
defined sealed volume, oxygen gas is injected to oxidize solid aluminum particles
that are fed and molten at the surface. Under consideration were the melting of the
solid aluminum particles, the oxidation of pure molten aluminum, and the oxidation
of dissolved species, in this case Al, Mn, C and Si, and the solvent Fe. We also
considered the formation and oxidation of steel droplets formed in the blowing when
they pass through and react with the surface slag and also the reaction of pure
aluminum on the top of the slag layer. Based on our simulations, only 30-40% of the
chemical energy can be used to heat up the steel. A fraction of 0.8-0.85 of the O-2
can be utilized in the process; these values correspond to those obtained in
previous work. The main part of the heating energy comes from the oxidation of the
fed Al. FeO is primarily an intermediate product of the reactions. The model was
tested against industrial trials for steel temperature and compositions of slag and
steel, and it succeeded in capturing correct trends and absolute accuracy within
the analyzing accuracy.
C1 [Jarvinen, Mika; De Blasio, Cataldo] Aalto Univ, Dept Energy Technol, Aalto
00076, Finland.
[Karna, Aki; Visuri, Ville-Valtteri; Sulasalmi, Petri; Heikkinen, Eetu-Pekka;
Paaskyla, Katja; Fabritius, Timo] Univ Oulu, Lab Proc Met, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
[Ollila, Seppo] SSAB Europe, FI-92101 Raahe, Finland.
C3 Aalto University; University of Oulu; SSAB
RP Järvinen, M (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, Dept Energy Technol, POB 14400,
Aalto 00076, Finland.
EM mika.jarvinen@aalto.fi
RI Visuri, Ville-Valtteri/I-4002-2012; De Blasio, Cataldo/K-1340-2013; De
Blasio, Cataldo/L-7740-2019; Järvinen, Mika P./G-2273-2013
OI Visuri, Ville-Valtteri/0000-0002-0802-2621; De Blasio,
Cataldo/0000-0003-0689-1732; Järvinen, Mika P./0000-0002-4639-6325
FU Ruukki Metals Oy; Outokumpu Stainless Oy; Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology TEKES; Academy of Finland [258319, 26495]; Academy of Finland
(AKA) [258319, 258319] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
FX This research is part of the Energy Efficiency & Lifecycle Efficient
Metal Processes (ELEMET) research program coordinated by the Finnish
Metals and Engineering Competence Cluster (FIMECC). Ruukki Metals Oy,
Outokumpu Stainless Oy, and the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology
TEKES are acknowledged for funding this work. The support provided to
this work by the Academy of Finland (projects 258319 and 26495) is also
acknowledged. We also want to thank Mr Markus Mottonen and all the
Ruukki Metals Oy mill personnel for really nice co-operation during the
measurement campaign in Raahe. Pertti Kiiski, Vadim Desyatnyk, Seppo
Poimuvirta, Miika Ruutiainen, and Petrus Kiiski are acknowledged for
preparing all the required measurement systems at Aalto.
CR Allibert M., 1995, VEREIN DTSCH EISENHU, P225
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[Anonymous], 1994, HSC CHEM WINDOWS VER
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Tsuda Shinji, 2012, Journal of Power and Energy Systems, V6, P360, DOI
10.1299/jpes.6.360
Tuomikoski S., 2009, THESIS U OULU
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 10
BP 2263
EP 2272
PG 10
GA AR7DZ
UT WOS:000343741200017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zhao, WM
Zhang, L
Wang, ZF
Yan, HJ
AF Zhao, Weimin
Zhang, Liang
Wang, Zhifeng
Yan, Hongji
BE Jiang, ZY
Li, SQ
Zeng, JM
Liao, XP
Yang, DG
TI Study on Defects of A356 Aluminum Alloy Wheel
SO MANUFACTURING PROCESS TECHNOLOGY, PTS 1-5
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering
CY APR 09-11, 2011
CL Guilin, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE A356 Alloy; Rate Of Defect; Inclusion; Slag
ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB This paper studied the effects of inclusion and slag on properties of a die cast
A356 alloy wheel. The result showed that the rate of defect is important for the
mechanical properties. The tensile strength and extension was not dropped but the
rate of defect is increased about 2%. The variation trend of tensile strength and
extension is linear, while the area of porosity on tensile fracture is between 2%
and 6%. However, the tensile strength and extension was dropped with the increasing
rate of defect. The variation trend of mechanical properties of the sample with
inclusion is stable, but the sample with slag is not stable. The mechanical
properties of samples with inclusion are drastically changed, while the rate of
defect is increased. The mechanical properties of samples with slag are smoothly.
The EDS analysis indicated that the defects consist of Al-Ti-B compound, alpha-
phase (Al12FeSi), beta-phase (Al9Fe2Si2) and Al2O3. These oxides form the compact
composite oxide film expand into first cracks. The fracture mode of sample with
defects is brittle fracture. The values of the Secondary dendrite arm spacing (DAS)
in the inclusion and the matrix are the same, while the values of DAS in the slag
and the matrix are different.
C1 [Zhao, Weimin; Zhang, Liang; Wang, Zhifeng] Hebei Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci &
Engn, Tianjin 300130, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Hongji] Cit Dicastal Wheel Mfg Co Ltd, Qinhuangdao 066003, Peoples R
China.
C3 Hebei University of Technology
RP Zhao, WM (corresponding author), Hebei Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Tianjin
EM wmzhao@hebut.edu.cn; zl3713@yahoo.cn; zhifeng_wang@yahoo.com;
yanhongji@dicastal.com
RI Zhang, wen/ITT-1192-2023; zhao, wei/IQS-1144-2023
FU International S & T Cooperation Program of China [2010DFA51850]; Natural
Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China [E2010000057]
FX This work was supported by the International S & T Cooperation Program
of China (No. 2010DFA51850) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei
Province, China (No. E2010000057).
CR Atxaga G, 2001, MATER SCI TECH SER, V17, P446, DOI 10.1179/026708301101510023
Do Lee C, 2007, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V464, P249, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.01.130
Ni HJ, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V348, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00180-6
Ran G, 2006, J ALLOY COMPD, V421, P80, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.11.019
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NR 6
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 15
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-031-2
PY 2011
VL 189-193
BP 3862
EP +
PG 2
GA BVQ14
UT WOS:000292279502053
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Min, BY
Choi, WK
Oh, WZ
Jung, CH
Lee, KW
AF Min, Byeong-Yeon
Choi, Wang-Kyu
Oh, Won-Zin
Jung, Chong-Hun
Lee, Kune-Woo
TI Partition characteristics of radionuclides during a melt decontamination
of a contaminated metal waste
LA English
DT Article
DE Melting decontamination; Slag; Ingot; Partitioning; Radionuclide
AB Melt decontamination of radioactive contaminated metal waste using arc melting
process is investigated the characteristic behavior phenomena of radioisotope
cobalt-60 (Co-60) and cesium-137 (Cs-137) from a molten ingot, slag and dust for
the effect of the basicity and various slag types. The composition of the slag
former used to capture the contaminants (60Co, Cs-137) during the melt
decontamination process generally consisted of silica (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO)
and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Also, calcium fluoride (CaF2), magnesium oxide (MgO),
and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) were added to provide an increase in the slag fluidity and
oxidative potential. More Co-60 was transfer to the slag phase in the carbon steel
than 60 60 the stainless steel. Most of the Co-60 remained in the ingot phase at
about above 90% present. Co-60 Was removed from the ingot phase to slag phase by up
to 12% at about 0.8 of the slag basicity in carbon steel. There was found that
significant amounts of Co-60 remain in the ferric oxide slag at up to 32%. Flux
containing CaF2 was significantly captured to the slag phase by up to 30%. In all
the tests. Cs-137 was completely eliminated from the melt of the stainless steel as
well as the carbon steel and distributed to the slag and dust phase. In the slag
basicity at 0.5, a maximum of 25% of the Cs-60 remained in the slag phase to the
carbon steel. Fluoride slags favor a capture of cesium in the slag. A maximum of
30% of the Cs-137 remained in a ferric oxide slag. (c) 2009 The Korean Society of
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Min, Byeong-Yeon; Choi, Wang-Kyu; Oh, Won-Zin; Jung, Chong-Hun; Lee, Kune-Woo]
Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
C3 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
RP Choi, WK (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, POB 150, Taejon
EM nwkchoi@kaeri.re.kr
CR ADAMS V, 2000, SAFEWASTE 2000, V1, P115
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NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1226-086X
EI 1876-794X
J9 J IND ENG CHEM
PD JAN
PY 2009
VL 15
IS 1
BP 31
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.jiec.2008.08.015
PG 5
GA 459DQ
UT WOS:000267080900006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Y
Wu, W
Liu, L
Liu, M
Li, YZ
AF Liu Yue
Wu Wei
Liu Liu
Liu Ming
Li Yang-zhou
TI Thermodynamics behavior of titanium for BOF smelting bearing steel
LA English
DT Article
DE BOF; bearing steel; titanium; thermodynamics; apparent equilibrium
distribution coefficient
AB When titanium element appears in bearing steel, it is very easy to create
titanium nitride inclusion, which reduces the fatigue life of bearing steel. Based
on the production data of bearing steel produced by BOF, it is found that the
titanium takes its source in bearing steel; the factors affecting titanium content,
and the thermodynamics behavior of titanium under smelting condition were studied.
The results show that the prime reasons of titanium content increment are the
soluble aluminum content and the titanium oxide of slag. The comparison between the
experimental data and theoretical ones shows that there is a big declination when
the soluble aluminum content of steel is higher I which is caused by the
nonequilibrium reaction of slag and steel. The apparent equilibrium distribution
coefficient of titanium between slag and steel is obtained by use of experimental
data.
C1 Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Inst Met Technol, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
Panzhihua Iron & Steel Res Inst, Dept Mat, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, Peoples R
China.
C3 Central Iron & Steel Research Institute; Ansteel Group
RP Liu, Y (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Inst Met Technol,
EM lyht18@163.net
RI liu, junyang/IXD-1201-2023
CR Fu J, 1998, SPECIAL STEEL, V19, P31
Fu Jie, 2000, Acta Metallurgica Sinica, V36, P801
Hiroki O., 1998, METALLURGICAL MAT T, V29, P119
HUANG XH, 1997, FERROUS METALLURGY P
ZHAO P, 2004, UTILITY TECHNICAL MA
ZHENG SB, 2005, SPEC STEEL 2005 ANN, P145
NR 6
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 13
IS 6
BP 74
EP 78
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(06)60115-5
PG 5
GA 125SA
UT WOS:000243461500015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fiore, S
Zanetti, MC
Ruffino, B
AF Fiore, S
Zanetti, MC
Ruffino, B
TI Waste characterization and recycle in an aluminium foundry
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium; foundry; wastes; recycle; reuse
AB The wastes coming out from a foundry located at Carmagnola, near Turin (West
Northern Italy), producing about 30000 t/year of aluminium castings for automotive
industry, are considered in this work. The moulding operation is performed by means
of semi-permanent mould casting and also by means of lost foam casting.
The foundry produced 12400 t of wastes in year 2002, made of the following
materials: several types of muds and dusts coming from dust abatement plants
(28.7%), furnace and ladle slags (21%), aluminium shavings (21%), machinery
emulsions (9.8%), exhaust moulds and cores (4.7%), various materials packing (4%),
refractory material from furnaces (3.5%), saline solutions containing phosphates
(3.5%), wastewater treatment mud (1.6%) and other materials (1.7%). Among these
wastes only slags and aluminium shavings are sold for a recycle outside the
foundry; the other materials, making about 8200 t/year, are landfilled. After a
careful study of the foundry production cycle, several waste materials have been
studied to evaluate their reuse/recycle possibilities. Considering the obtained
results the authors are able to hypothesize a reuse inside the foundry of the dusts
and a kind of mud (about 1900 t/year of wastes) and a recycle outside the foundry,
as inert material, of the exhaust moulds and cores and another kind of mud. (C)
2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 Politecn Torino, DITAG, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
C3 Polytechnic University of Turin
RP Zanetti, MC (corresponding author), Politecn Torino, DITAG, Cso Duca Abruzzi 24,
I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM mariachiara.zanetti@polito.it
OI Ruffino, Barbara/0000-0002-7338-4223; Zanetti,
Mariachiara/0000-0002-2546-2020; fiore, silvia/0000-0001-5949-0559
CR *EPA, 1981, EPA34010020, P34
*EPA, 1997, EPA310R97004, P15
Heine H.J., 1983, FOUNDRY MANAGEMENT T, V111, P22
Zanetti M., 2004, J SOLID WASTE TECHNO, V30, P28
Zanetti MC, 2003, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V38, P243, DOI 10.1016/S0921-
3449(02)00154-4
NR 5
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 18
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
PD SEP
PY 2005
VL 45
IS 1
BP 48
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.01.006
PG 12
GA 959OG
UT WOS:000231526900004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hirata, T
Morimoto, T
Deguchi, A
Uchida, N
AF Hirata, T
Morimoto, T
Deguchi, A
Uchida, N
TI Corrosion resistance of alumina-chromia ceramic materials against molten
slag
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion; aluminum oxide; chromium oxide; molten slag; boundary layer;
diffusion
ID CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS; SINTERED ALUMINA; DISSOLUTION; SILICATE; SYSTEMS
AB Improvement of the corrosion resistance of refractories is required critically,
since Al2O3 based conventional refractories used for incineration at the power
generation plants are seriously corroded by the molten oxide mixture. In this
study, the effect of the addition of Cr2O3 to Al2O3 on the corrosion resistance,
and the corrosion behavior of Cr2O3-Al2O3 system are investigated in the molten
oxide. Cr2O3-Al2O3 ceramic materials with TiO2 as a sintering additive were used
for the corrosion tests. Specimens were soaked into the SiO2-CaO-Al2O3 based molten
oxide and rotated. The corrosion rate of the material is controlled by the
diffusion of components of Cr2O3-Al2O3 through the boundary layer. The corrosion
resistance was improved by addition of Cr2O3. The largest improvement was achieved
when the addition of Cr2O3 was 81.6 mol%. It can be explained by the difference of
diffusion rate of Cr3+ and Al3+.
C1 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Yokohama Res & Dev Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2318715,
Japan.
Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Adv Technol Res Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368515,
Japan.
Nagaoka Univ Technol, Nagaoka, Niigata 9402188, Japan.
C3 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; Nagaoka
University of Technology
RP Hirata, T (corresponding author), Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd, Yokohama Res &
Dev Ctr, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2318715, Japan.
CR [Anonymous], 1960, PHASE EQUILIBRIUM DI
CABLE M, 1994, NATO ADV SCI INST SE, V267, P285
2916.1964.tb14638.x
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GLASSER FP, 1958, J AM CERAM SOC, V41, P358, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1958.tb12934.x
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ICHIKAWA K, 1995, B CERAM SOC JAPAN, V30, P906
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MIYAJI T, 2000, TAIKABUTSU, V52, P532
MORINAGA K, 1994, J AM CERAM SOC, V77, P3113, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1994.tb04557.x
NAKAMURA M, 1997, P 7 INT S ULTR HIGH, P73
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SAKAMOTO B, 2001, TAIKABUTSU, V53, P246
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SUGITA K, 1979, TETSU TO HAGANE, V65, P1462
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URBAIN G, 1981, BRIT CERAM TRANS J, V80, P139
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YAMAGUCHI A, 1992, TAIKABUTSU, V44, P168
YAMAMOTO H, 1988, MITSUBISHI JUKO GIHO, V25, P230
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD OCT
PY 2002
VL 43
IS 10
BP 2561
EP 2567
PG 7
Engineering
GA 614VZ
UT WOS:000179213300033
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, IG
Chakraborty, SP
Majumdar, S
Bidaye, AC
Suri, AK
AF Sharma, IG
Chakraborty, SP
Majumdar, S
Bidaye, AC
Suri, AK
TI A study on preparation of copper-niobium composite by aluminothermic
reduction of mixed oxides
LA English
DT Article
DE composite materials; transition metal alloys
ID CONDUCTIVITY; STRENGTH
AB Cu-Nb composites have come into prominence because of their high strength and
high electrical conductivity. A number of preparative techniques have received
attention among the investigators due to difference in melting point, density and
crystal structure of the constituents. In the present paper a simple, easy to scale
up, non-furnace process involving co-reduction of mixed oxides (CuO, Nb2O5) with
aluminium in the presence of slag fluidizer CaO has been attempted to prepare a Cu-
2.5Nb (wt%) composite. A typical charge composition of about 58.2% CuO, 3.5% Nb2O5
23.3% CaO and 15% Al (specific heat 715 kcal/kg) resulted in a Cu-Nb product with
83% yield of nearly targeted composition. As reduced composite was homogenized by
arc melting. Remelted and consolidated composite was drawn into wires of <0.5 nun
diameter to convert the dendritic niobium phase into the filamentary form. Property
evaluation studies such as optical metallography, hardness, electrical resistivity
measurements etc. have been carried out. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mat Proc Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
C3 Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC)
RP Sharma, IG (corresponding author), Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mat Proc Div, Bombay
EM igsharma@apsara.barc.ernet.in
CR Dadras MM, 1997, SCRIPTA MATER, V38, P199, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00467-3
ELLIS TW, 1993, METALL TRANS A, V24, P21, DOI 10.1007/BF02669598
FILIPPOV S, 1975, THEORY METALLURGICAL, P211
HARDWICK DA, 1993, METALL TRANS A, V24, P27, DOI 10.1007/BF02669599
JHA SC, 1993, METALL TRANS A, V24, P15, DOI 10.1007/BF02669597
MASSALSKI TB, 1992, BINARY ALLOY PHASE D, V2, P1440
SPITZIG WA, 1993, METALL TRANS A, V24, P7, DOI 10.1007/BF02669596
NR 7
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 12
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD APR 18
PY 2002
VL 336
IS 1-2
BP 247
EP 252
AR PII S0925-8388(01)01860-6
DI 10.1016/S0925-8388(01)01860-6
PG 6
GA 537ME
UT WOS:000174761400040
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Utochkin, YI
Pavlov, AV
Hocking, MG
AF Utochkin, YI
Pavlov, AV
Hocking, MG
TI Refining of steel to remove nitrogen using fluxes with high nitride
capacities
LA English
DT Article
ID SLAGS; MELTS; THERMODYNAMICS; SOLUBILITY
AB Nitrogen solubility and nitride capacities in Al2O3-CaO-TiO2 and CaF2-TiO2
fluxes were measured by application of an experimental technique with regulation
and precise control of oxygen partial pressure P-o2 at 1873 K. On the basis of
experimental findings the values of nitrogen distribution ratio between slags and
liquid iron and degree of denitrogenation of metal were estimated as functions of
P-o2. The removal of nitrogen from pure iron and chromium alloyed steels by fluxes
containing TiO2 was investigated using the technique of preliminary mixing of slag
and metal powders with subsequent heating and melting in a crucible at 1873 K and
also in a ladle after tapping molten metal from a 10 kg induction furnace. The
oxygen potential in the system was regulated by the content of aluminium or
titanium in refining slag mixtures. Experimental results indicated that it is
possible to remove nitrogen from low alloyed steel using Al2O3-CaO-TiO2 slags with
a denitrogenation degree of over 60%. The technological parameters for effective
nitrogen removal from high alloyed steel under ladle treatment by slag mixtures,
including CaF2-TiO2 fluxes in an industrial process, are discussed. (C) 1996 The
Institute of Materials.
C1 MOSCOW STEEL & ALLOYS INST,DEPT ELECTROMET STEEL & FERROALLOYS,MOSCOW
117936,RUSSIA.
RP Utochkin, YI (corresponding author), UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL &
MED,DEPT MAT,LONDON,ENGLAND.
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NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
PA 1 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1Y 5DB
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 1996
VL 23
IS 1
BP 40
EP 45
PG 6
GA UL776
UT WOS:A1996UL77600006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU TANABE, J
SUITO, H
AF TANABE, J
SUITO, H
TI EFFECT OF SULFUR ON SUPERSATURATION IN ALUMINUM DEOXIDIZED LIQUID-IRON
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CAO-AL2O3 MELTS; OXYGEN; EQUILIBRIUM; NITROGEN; FE; AL
AB The effect of sulfur addition on supersaturation observed in aluminum deoxidized
liquid iron was studied at 1873 K, by using CaO-Al2O3 slags in an alumina or lime
crucible. The contents of supersaturated oxygen for a given aluminum level were not
influenced by the addition of sulfur (mass contents of 1x10(-5) similar to 0.42%)
in the experiments where the sample was rapidly quenched. However, in the
experiments in which the sample was cooled from 1873 to 1723 K at a cooling rate of
2.7 K/min, the effect of sulfur on supersaturation was observed for mass contents
of more than 0.01% sulfur. The critical supersaturation for alumina precipitation
was discussed based on the variation of the interfacial energy between liquid iron
and alumina.
RP TANABE, J (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST ADV MAT
PROC,SENDAI,MIYAGI,JAPAN.
CR BELTON GR, 1992, STEELMAKING C P TORO, P3
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Ogino K, 1973, Tetsu to Hagane, V59, P1380
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD APR
PY 1995
VL 66
IS 4
BP 146
EP 153
DI 10.1002/srin.199501103
PG 8
GA QW354
UT WOS:A1995QW35400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU INGO, GM
SCOPPIO, L
AF INGO, GM
SCOPPIO, L
TI SMALL-AREA XPS AND XAES STUDY OF EARLY IRON METALLURGY SLAGS
SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
LA English
CT EUROPEAN CONF ON APPLICATIONS OF SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS ( ECASIA
91 )
CY OCT 14-18, 1991
CL BUDAPEST, HUNGARY
ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOEMISSION; OXYGEN; OXIDES; AUGER
AB A group of slags dating back to Iron Age II (Aramean Period, 800-720 BC), which
appeared to be iron-smelting by-products, has been found at Tell Afis (Northwestern
Syria). The chemistry of these materials has been studied by means of small-area x-
ray photoelectron spectroscopy and x-ray-induced Auger electron spectroscopy. The
results indicate that the slags can be associated with an iron smelting process and
show the presence of large amounts of FeO1-x', Fe3O4 and FeOOH mixed with different
aluminium and silicon compounds. As evidenced by the Wagner two-dimensional
chemical-state plots of silicon and aluminium, these latter consist essentially of
quartz and various silicates, such as wollastonite, Mg[SiO4] or Mg[SiO6] compounds,
melilite and other complex aluminosilicates. Chemical information agrees with the
predictions of the model of early iron-making furnaces and is used to elucidate
some aspects of the early iron-making process.
C1 CTR SVILUPPO MAT,I-10747 ROME,ITALY.
RP INGO, GM (corresponding author), CNR,IST TEORIA & STRUTTURA ELETTRON,CP 10,I-
00016 MONTEROTONDO,ITALY.
OI INGO, Gabriel Maria/0000-0002-5414-2077
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NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI W SUSSEX
PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD
SN 0142-2421
J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL
JI Surf. Interface Anal.
PD JUL
PY 1992
VL 18
IS 7
BP 551
EP 554
DI 10.1002/sia.740180716
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA JE100
UT WOS:A1992JE10000015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU SCHURMANN, E
BANNENBERG, N
AF SCHURMANN, E
BANNENBERG, N
TI METAL-SLAG EQUILIBRIA IN THE SYSTEM IRON ALUMINUM OXYGEN AS A BASIS OF
ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION OF STEEL MELTS
SO ARCHIV FUR DAS EISENHUTTENWESEN
LA German
DT Article
RP SCHURMANN, E (corresponding author), TECH UNIV CLAUSTHAL,INST EISENHUTTENKUNDE &
GIESSEREIWESEN,D-3392 CLAUSTHAL ZELLERFE,FED REP GER.
CR APTE P, 1978, P NAT OPEN HEARTH BA, V61, P555
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Galakhov F.Y., 1957, IZVEST AKAD NAUK SSS, P525
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GMELINDURRER, 1978, METALLURGIE EISENS, V5
JACQUEMOT A, 1975, IRSID RE289 RAPP
JANKE D, 1976, STAHL U EISEN, V96, P398
KIM CK, 1975, METAL SLAG GAS REACT, P284
KNUPPEL H, 1970, DESOXIDATION VAKUUMB, V1
KOCH K, 1976, THESIS TU CLAUSTHAL
Novokhatskii I.A., 1966, IZV AN SSSR M, P38
Oelsen W., 1955, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V26, P567
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ROSENBACH K, 1974, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V45, P843, DOI 10.1002/srin.197403968
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NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0003-8962
J9 ARCH EISENHUTTENWES
PY 1984
VL 55
IS 9
BP 409
EP 414
DI 10.1002/srin.198405366
PG 6
GA TJ260
UT WOS:A1984TJ26000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI Modification of Flux Oxygen Behaviour via Co-Cr-Al Unconstrained Metal
Powder Additions in Submerged Arc Welding: Gas Phase Thermodynamics and
3D Slag SEM Evidence
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE pyrometallurgy; powder; cobalt; chromium; oxygen control; aluminium;
welding
ID ELEMENT TRANSFER; STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; EQUILIBRIUM; CHEMISTRY
AB Aluminium metal is avoided as main reactant in submerged arc welding (SAW)
because it is easily oxidised in this process. Aluminium is an effective de-
oxidiser and can be used to prevent Cr and Co loss to the slag by preventing
oxidation of these metals. In our novel application of aluminium metal powder in
SAW we demonstrate the modification of flux oxygen behaviour. The Co-Cr-Al-alloyed
weld metal total oxygen content is decreased to 180 ppm O, compared to 499 ppm O in
the weld metal from the original flux, welded without metal powder additions. The
flux oxygen behaviour is modified by the added aluminium powder through the
lowering of the original flux-induced partial oxygen pressure in the arc cavity and
at the molten flux-weld pool interface. Carbon steel was alloyed to 5.9% Co, 6.3 %
Cr and 5.1% Al at 81% Co yield, 87% Cr yield and 70% Al yield. Gas-slag-alloy
thermochemical equilibrium calculations confirm the partial oxygen-pressure-
lowering effect of aluminium. BSE (backscattered electron) images of the three-
dimensional (3D) post-weld slag sample show dome structures which contain features
of vapour formation and re-condensation. These features consist of small spheres
(sized less than 10 mu m) and smaller needle-shaped particles coalescing into a
porous sphere. EDX analyses show that the spheres consist of Si-Na-K-Fe-Mn-Co-Cr
oxy-fluoride and the needles consist of low oxygen Si-Al-Ca-Mg-Na-K-Fe-Mn-Co-Cr
oxy-fluoride. The element distribution and speciation data from the EDX analyses
confirm modification of the flux oxygen behaviour via aluminium powder addition in
lowering the partial oxygen pressure, which in turn prevents oxidation of Cr and Co
and minimise losses to the slag.
Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755
FU National Research Foundation of South Africa; [BRIC171211293679]
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NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD NOV
PY 2022
VL 10
IS 11
AR 2452
DI 10.3390/pr10112452
PG 19
SC Engineering
GA 6V9OV
UT WOS:000895368300001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lan, X
Gao, JT
Qu, XT
Guo, ZC
AF Lan, Xi
Gao, Jintao
Qu, Xintuo
Guo, Zhancheng
TI An environmental-friendly method for recovery of soluble sodium and
harmless utilization of red mud: Solidification, separation, and
mechanism
LA English
DT Article
DE Redmud; Harmlessutilization; Selectivesolidification;
Super-gravityseparation; Solidificationmechanism
ID BEARING SLAG; REMOVAL; CRYSTALS; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; GREEN; MELT; RAW
AB Red mud is a hazardous waste produced from Bayer process, and its high
alkalinity caused by soluble sodium (Na) poses a major threat to environment. In
this study, an environmental-friendly method was proposed for recovery of soluble
sodium (Na) and harmless utilization of red mud. First, soluble sodium was
selectively so-lidified into Na-rich phases (anorthite and melilite). Subsequently,
high-purity Na-rich phases were efficiently recovered from red mud under super
gravity. Finally, solidification mechanism of sodium in anorthite and melilite was
confirmed by characterizing high-purity Na-rich crystals. The leaching rates of Na+
were only 0.01% and 0.04% in anorthite and melilite, respectively, and high
alkalinity was minimized. In addition, the anorthite was found to possess a
stronger solidification capacity of Na as compared with melilite based on the
reaction mechanism of Na+ + Si4+= Ca2+ + Al3+. This provides a theoretical basis
for alkalinity minimization and harmless utilization of red mud.
C1 [Lan, Xi; Gao, Jintao; Qu, Xintuo; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
RP Gao, JT; Guo, ZC (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key
EM jintaogao@ustb.edu.cn; zcguo@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51774037]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2021M700393]
FX Acknowledgements This study is supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51774037) and the Project funded by China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700393) .
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NR 38
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
EI 1879-0658
PD NOV
PY 2022
VL 186
AR 106543
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106543
EA JUL 2022
PG 11
GA 3Q4PG
UT WOS:000838214600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Su, ZJ
Liu, K
Lin, K
Liu, S
Zhang, YB
Jiang, T
AF Su, Zijian
Liu, Kang
Lin, Kun
Liu, Shuo
Zhang, Yuanbo
Jiang, Tao
TI A novel route to denitrify, recover chlorines and prepare pre-melted
refine slag of 12CaO•7Al2O3
(C12A7) from secondary aluminum dross (SAD)
LA English
DT Article
DE Secondary aluminum dross; Denitrification; Thermodynamic analysis; 12CaO
center dot 7Al(2)O(3); Phase transformation
ID DESULFURIZATION; HYDROLYSIS; ALN; MECHANISM; PRODUCTS; BEHAVIOR; WASTE
AB Secondary aluminum dross (SAD) containing toxic elements, such as N, Cl, F, Na,
and K, is a typical hazardous substance in the process of recycling aluminum.
Numerous studies have reported the detoxification of SAD by hydrometallurgical
technologies; nonetheless, those methods were always inefficient due to the long
process. In this study, a novel process for detoxification, recycling and high-
value utilization of SAD was investigated. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that
hazardous substances of AlN, Al4C3, and Al can be easily oxidized to Al2O3, while
Cl, K, and Na can be volatilized above 1000 degrees C. The experimental results
confirmed that more than 99.7% of nitrogen in AlN could be transformed into the
harmless N-2 under the optimal air roasting conditions (Ca/Al mole ratio of 1.7,
roasting temperature of 1400 degrees C and roasting time of 120 min). Na, K, and Cl
were recycled efficiently as the volatiles with recovery rates of 95.3%, 99.5% and
95.9%, respectively. During the roasting process, high purity C(12)A(7) was
prepared successfully, and most fluorine in SAD was solidified in the calcium
aluminates, which can be used as a steel refining desulfurization agent. This study
provided a zero hazardous waste thought for the utilization of SAD. (C) 2022
Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Su, Zijian; Liu, Kang; Lin, Kun; Liu, Shuo; Zhang, Yuanbo; Jiang, Tao] Cent
South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, YB (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
Changsha, Peoples R China.
EM zybcsu@126.com
RI Liu, Kang/W-7641-2018
OI Liu, Kang/0000-0002-2781-2581
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1960114]
FX The authors would express their heartful thanks to the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (No. U1960114).
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NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2022
VL 19
BP 1203
EP 1216
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.05.110
EA JUN 2022
PG 14
Engineering
GA 4Y2XP
UT WOS:000861393500005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
He, SP
Li, ZR
Zhang, XB
Wang, QQ
Wang, Q
AF Chen, Yang
He, Sheng-ping
Li, Zhi-rong
Zhang, Xu-bin
Wang, Qiang-qiang
Wang, Qian
TI Properties and structure of a new non-reactive mold flux for high-Al
steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightweight steel; Non-reactive mold flux; Molecular dynamics;
Viscosity; Simplex grid method
ID VISCOSITY; SLAG
AB During the conventional continuous casting process of high-aluminum steels
(w([Al]) > 0.5 wt.%), some components of slag, such as SiO2, B2O3, and TiO2, could
be reduced by aluminum in molten steel. Therefore, the CaO-BaO-Al2O3-CaF2-Li2O non-
reactive mold fluxes were designed using the simplex grid method and molecular
dynamics to mitigate the slag-metal interface reaction and stabilize the
performance of mold fluxes. The results show that the components of non-reactive
quinary system are 20-40 wt.% CaO, 14-34 wt.% BaO, 14-34 wt.% Al2O3, 4-12 wt.% F,
and 4-8 wt.% Li2O. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that [AlO4](-)
tetrahedron acts as network formers and melt network structure is mainly chain and
lamellar in the low-viscosity area. The cross sections of w(F) = 8 wt.%, w(Li2O) =
8 wt.% and w(F) = 12 wt.%, w(Li2O) = 8 wt.% are important reference sections for
the design of mold flux, with the compositions of 22-40 wt.% CaO, 14-34 wt.% BaO,
20-34 wt.% Al2O3 and 23-40 wt.% CaO, 14-34 wt.% BaO, 20-28 wt.% Al2O3,
respectively.
C1 [Chen, Yang; He, Sheng-ping; Li, Zhi-rong; Zhang, Xu-bin; Wang, Qiang-qiang;
Wang, Qian] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium
Titanium Met & Adv Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
RP He, SP; Wang, Q (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & Adv Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
EM heshp@cqu.edu.cn; q_wang@cqu.edu.cn
RI Li, Zhi-Rong/F-5809-2015; Wang, Qiangqiang/AAV-5718-2020
OI Li, Zhi-Rong/0000-0001-8055-0683; Wang, Qiangqiang/0000-0002-5506-6539
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U20A20270, U1660204]
FX The authors would like to deeply appreciate the fund support from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. U20A20270 and
U1660204).
3093(00)00209-X
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NR 38
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 9
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD JAN
PY 2022
VL 29
IS 1
BP 61
EP 70
DI 10.1007/s42243-021-00708-w
EA JAN 2022
PG 10
GA ZJ5SU
UT WOS:000741586700005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, DL
Ma, GJ
Zhang, X
Liu, MK
Li, Z
AF Zheng, Ding-li
Ma, Guo-jun
Zhang, Xiang
Liu, Meng-ke
Li, Zhi
TI Evolution of MnS and MgO•Al2O3 inclusions in AISI
M35 steel during electroslag remelting
LA English
DT Article
DE Electroslag remelting; Inclusion; MnS; MgO; Al2O3; AISI M35 steel
ID OXIDE INCLUSIONS; SPINEL INCLUSIONS; BEARING STEEL; SLAG; REOXIDATION;
ALLOY; TIN
AB Thermodynamics and kinetics of dissociation and precipitation of MnS inclusions,
as well as the effect of reoxidation in liquid steel on MgO center dot Al2O3
inclusions in AISI M35 steel during electroslag remelting (ESR) process were
investigated. The inclusions found in the consumable electrode were MnS, MgO center
dot Al2O3 and MnS adhering to MgO center dot Al2O3. MnS inclusions were nearly
spherical and ellipse in morphology, and most of them were less than 2 mu m in
size. MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions were polygonal and nearly spherical and most
about 1-4 mu m in size. The inclusions in ESR ingot observed by scanning electron
microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer were polygonal and nearly spherical
MgO center dot Al2O3. MnS inclusions in the consumable electrode were completely
dissociated before the liquid film dripping into molten slag pool. The controlling
step of MnS inclusions dissociation was the mass transfer of [Mn] in the liquid
steel. During the solidification process, the thermodynamic driving force could not
meet MnS inclusions precipitation before the solid fraction exceeds 0.996, and the
kinetics condition is too poor for the growth of MnS inclusions in the steel when
the solid fraction is larger than 0.996. MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions in ESR
ingot originated from the remained MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions in consumable
electrode and the fresh ones formed by the reaction between dissolved magnesium,
oxygen and aluminum in liquid steel.
C1 [Zheng, Ding-li; Ma, Guo-jun; Zhang, Xiang; Liu, Meng-ke; Li, Zhi] Wuhan Univ
Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab New Proc Ironmaking & Steelmak, Wuhan 430081,
Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Ding-li; Ma, Guo-jun; Zhang, Xiang; Liu, Meng-ke; Li, Zhi] Wuhan Univ
Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R
China.
Technology
RP Ma, GJ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab New
Proc Ironmaking & Steelmak, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Ma, GJ
(corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met,
Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM gma@wust.edu.cn
RI Zheng, Dingli/ABH-7171-2020; Zhang, Xiang/ABG-9806-2021
OI Zhang, Xiang/0000-0001-9096-6201; Zheng, Dingli/0000-0002-4751-1444
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52104339]; Hubei
Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking [KF-20-3]
FX The financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 52104339) and the Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for
New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking (Grant No. KF-20-3) are
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2019-603
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 28
IS 12
BP 1605
EP 1616
DI 10.1007/s42243-021-00698-9
EA DEC 2021
PG 12
GA YK9MY
UT WOS:000725367400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lin, YL
Maghool, F
Arulrajah, A
Horpibulsuk, S
AF Lin, Youli
Maghool, Farshid
Arulrajah, Arul
Horpibulsuk, Suksun
TI Engineering Characteristics and Environmental Risks of Utilizing
Recycled Aluminum Salt Slag and Recycled Concrete as a Sustainable
Geomaterial
SO SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE recycled aluminum salt slag; recycled materials; resilient modulus;
leachate analysis; pavement geotechnics
ID DEMOLITION WASTES; AGGREGATE; CONSTRUCTION; STRESS; DROSS; STATE
AB Recycled aluminum salt slag (RASS) is an industrial by-product generated from
the melting of white dross and aluminum scraps during the secondary smelter
process. Insufficient knowledge in the aspects of engineering characteristics, and
the environmental risks associated with RASS, is the primary barrier to the
utilization of RASS as a substitute material for natural quarry materials in the
field of geotechnical construction. In this research, comprehensive geotechnical
and environmental engineering tests were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of
utilizing RASS as a sustainable geomaterial. This was undertaken by comparing the
laboratory testing results for RASS with a well-known recycled material, namely
recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), and the relevant specifications set forth by the
local road authority. The geotechnical engineering assessment included particle
size distribution, flakiness index, organic content, pH, particle density, water
absorption, modified Proctor compaction, aggregate impact value, Los Angeles (LA)
abrasion, hydraulic conductivity, and California bearing ratio (CBR). The CBR
results of the RASS samples satisfied the minimum CBR value (> 80%) for usage as
pavement subbase material in road construction. In addition, the repeated load
triaxial (RLT) tests were carried out on the RASS samples to assess the response of
the RASS under cyclic loading conditions. Furthermore, a range of chemical tests,
consisting of leaching and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon tests, were also
performed on the RASS to address the environmental concerns. Comparing the chemical
test results with the environmental protection authorities' guidelines provided
satisfactory evidence that RASS will not pose any environmental and health issues
throughout its service life as a geotechnical construction material.
C1 [Lin, Youli; Maghool, Farshid; Arulrajah, Arul; Horpibulsuk, Suksun] Swinburne
Univ Technol, Dept Civil & Construct Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Horpibulsuk, Suksun] Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Ctr Excellence
Innovat Sustainable Infrastruct De, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
[Horpibulsuk, Suksun] Royal Soc Thailand, Acad Sci, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
C3 Swinburne University of Technology; Suranaree University of Technology
RP Horpibulsuk, S (corresponding author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Civil &
Construct Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.; Horpibulsuk, S (corresponding
author), Suranaree Univ Technol, Sch Civil Engn, Ctr Excellence Innovat Sustainable
Infrastruct De, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.; Horpibulsuk, S (corresponding
author), Royal Soc Thailand, Acad Sci, Bangkok 10300, Thailand.
EM youlilin@swin.edu.au; fmaghool@swin.edu.au; aarulrajah@swin.edu.au;
suksun@g.sut.ac.th
OI Lin, Youli/0000-0001-8208-8023; Arulrajah, Arul/0000-0003-1512-9803;
Horpibulsuk, Suksun/0000-0003-1965-8972
FU SmartCrete CRC Ltd. (Macquarie Park, Australia)
FX This research was funded by the SmartCrete CRC Ltd. (Macquarie Park,
Australia).
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NR 60
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2071-1050
J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL
JI Sustainability
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 13
IS 19
AR 10633
DI 10.3390/su131910633
PG 18
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Studies
WE Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Social Science Citation Index
(SSCI)
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA WK0IP
UT WOS:000709418900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nayak, RK
Sadarang, J
AF Nayak, Ramesh Kumar
Sadarang, Jatin
TI Feasibility Study of Stone-Dust as an Alternative Material to Silica
Sand for Al-Si (A356) Alloy Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE stone-dust; sand mold; casting; non-ferrous; foundries; A356
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; FE-CR SLAG; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FERROCHROME SLAG;
MOLDING SAND; FLY-ASH; CEMENT; AGGREGATE; CONCRETE; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The present investigation focuses on the development of metal casting mold using
stone-dust as an alternative mold material to silica sand. The stone-dust aggregate
mold having 4 wt.% of moisture and 11 wt.% of bentonite clay shows desired mold
properties as per AFS standard. The mold properties such as permeability number,
hardness (B-scale), compressive, and shear strength are 147, 88, 1.48, and 0.33
kgf/cm(2), respectively. The fusion point of stone-dust is found to be below 1350
degrees C and phase changes are observed above 1000 degrees C. Hence, the stone-
dust mold is suitable for Al alloy casting. Therefore, a laboratory-scale casting
trial is taken to cast A356 alloy using green stone-dust and silica sand mold. The
hardness (HRB), as cast surface roughness (Ra) and microstructure of silica sand
and stone-dust mold casting are evaluated and compared. It is observed that stone-
dust mold shows higher hardness as compared to silica sand mold. Hence, stone dust
mold may be used as an alternative to silica sand in Indian foundries for aluminum
alloys casting.
C1 [Nayak, Ramesh Kumar; Sadarang, Jatin] Maulana Azad Natl Inst Technol, Dept Mat
& Met Engn, Bhopal 462003, India.
C3 National Institute of Technology (NIT System); Maulana Azad National
Institute of Technology Bhopal
RP Nayak, RK (corresponding author), Maulana Azad Natl Inst Technol, Dept Mat & Met
Engn, Bhopal 462003, India.
RI Nayak, Ramesh kumar/N-2114-2017; Sadarang, Jatin/JNR-6149-2023; Nayak,
Ramesh/N-2114-2017
OI Nayak, Ramesh kumar/0000-0002-4468-0912; Nayak,
Ramesh/0000-0002-5515-8986; SADARANG, JATIN/0000-0002-5365-736X
FU Advanced Manufacturing Technology program of Department of Science &
Technology, Govt. of India [DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173]; RSB Metaltech, Pvt.
Ltd, Cuttack, India
FX The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to the 'Advanced
Manufacturing Technology program of Department of Science & Technology,
Govt. of India', for the financial support to carry out this work (Grant
no. DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173). Special thanks to RSB Metaltech, Pvt. Ltd,
Cuttack, India for their support as an industrial partner.
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NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER INT PUBL AG
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 16
IS 3
BP 1388
EP 1396
DI 10.1007/s40962-021-00695-4
EA SEP 2021
PG 9
GA 2T4DW
UT WOS:000701363300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jia, XD
Tian, L
Mao, S
Zhou, XL
Chen, SJ
Li, GH
AF Jia, Xiaodong
Tian, Lin
Mao, Shuo
Zhou, Xiaolei
Chen, Shujiang
Li, Guohua
TI Slag erosion-resistant coating for periclase-magnesia-aluminum spinel
brick
LA English
DT Article
DE Coating; Slag erosion resistance; Silica sol; Magnesiaum-aluminate
spinel; Periclase-MA spinel brick
ID CORROSION BEHAVIOR
AB The magnesia-carbon bricks are used at the ladle slag line adds carbon to molten
steel and thus has an adverse effect on the smelting process. Steel production
enterprises hope to remove carbon from the ladle slag line. This study presents a
Silica sol (SS)-magnesium aluminate spinel(MA) coating that can be applied to the
surfaces of periclase-MA spinel brick (spinel brick) to improve their slag erosion
resistance, facilitating the elimination of carbon from the ladle slag line. The
slag corrosion resistance mechanism of a spinel brick covered with the SS-MA
coating was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy and simulation using
FactSage software. The results show that increasing the SS content (CSS) led to the
formation of fine cracks during the coating-drying process and was detrimental to
the slag erosion resistance of the coating. The optimum CSS was 20%. In the high-
temperature slag erosion experiment, the MA in the coating was capable of forming
solid solutions with Fe and Mn in the slag, and the nano-SiO2 in the coating
interacted with the slag, increasing the viscosity of the slag and reducing its
penetration. In addition, the presence of the coating extended the penetration path
of the slag and reduced the contact area between the slag and the spinel brick and
their chances to undergo chemical reactions, thereby protecting the spinel brick
from slag erosion. The coated spinel bricks outperformed the magnesia-carbon brick
in terms of slag erosion resistance, providing a basis for selecting carbon-free
refractory materials for the ladle slag line.
C1 [Jia, Xiaodong; Tian, Lin; Mao, Shuo; Chen, Shujiang; Li, Guohua] Univ Sci &
Technol Liaoning, Sch Met & Mat, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Xiaolei] Engn Ctr Natl New Raw Mat Base Construct Liaoning, Shenyang
C3 University of Science & Technology Liaoning
RP Tian, L (corresponding author), 185 Qianshan Middle Rd,High Tech Dev Zone,
Anshan 114051, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM tianlingui96@163.com
OI Tian, Lin/0000-0002-4399-5293
FU National Key Technology R&D Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan
Period of China [2013BAE03B00]; Youth Foundation of University of
Science and Technology Liaoning [2018RC02]
FX This work was funded by The National Key Technology R&D Program during
the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period of China (2013BAE03B00); and Youth
Foundation of University of Science and Technology Liaoning (2018RC02).
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NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD NOV 15
PY 2021
VL 47
IS 22
BP 31407
EP 31412
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.08.016
EA SEP 2021
PG 6
GA WC1HW
UT WOS:000704016000004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tsaousi, GM
Panias, D
AF Tsaousi, Georgia-Maria
Panias, Dimitrios
TI Production, Properties and Performance of Slag-Based, Geopolymer Foams
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE geopolymerization; slag; foaming; porosity
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS; ASH;
MICROSTRUCTURE; CONCRETE; AL
AB This paper demonstrates the transformation of the industrial residue (copper
slag) of a Swedish mining and smelting company "Boliden", through
geopolymerization, into advanced building materials. The main objective of this
experimental study is the assessment of the appropriate conditions for the
preparation of alkali-activated slag-based geopolymer pastes with further foaming
production, by aluminum powder addition. The alkaline-activating solution used was
KOH, at a constant concentration (8 M). The effect of crucial operating parameters,
such as S/L ratio (3.5-4.5 g/mL) and aluminum powder addition (0.12%-0.22%), on the
geopolymer paste were studied, in order to achieve the optimum rheological
conditions of the slurry. The physical properties of the materials were examined
after the appropriate curing process (24 h at 70 degrees C), with density values
ranging between 805 and 1100 kg/m(3). The mechanical performance of the materials
ranged between 1.28 and 2 MPa (compressive strength), and from 0.25 to 0.85 MPa
(flexural strength), indicating the strong correlation of physical and mechanical
properties. To assess the porosity and the size distribution of the voids, image
processing techniques were applied on digital images of selected samples. According
to these results, the synthesized materials exhibit similar, or even better,
properties than the current concrete porous materials.
C1 [Tsaousi, Georgia-Maria; Panias, Dimitrios] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Min & Met
Engn, Lab Met, Athens 11527, Greece.
RP Tsaousi, GM (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Min & Met Engn,
Lab Met, Athens 11527, Greece.
EM margitsaousi@metal.ntua.gr; panias@metal.ntua.gr
OI Panias, Dimitrios/0000-0002-0432-6900; Tsaousi, Georgia
Maria/0000-0002-4985-968X
FU European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT); European Union
FX This activity has received funding from the European Institute of
Innovation and Technology (EIT). This body of the European Union
receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and
innovation program.
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NR 58
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 19
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 7
AR 732
DI 10.3390/min11070732
PG 14
GA TN7YH
UT WOS:000676445400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Z
Huang, SH
Yu, Y
Wen, GH
Tang, P
Hou, ZB
AF Wang, Zhe
Huang, Shuheng
Yu, Yue
Wen, Guanghua
Tang, Ping
Hou, Zibing
TI Comprehensive understanding of the microstructure and volatilization
mechanism of fluorine in silicate melt
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-F system; Volatilization of fluoride; Role of
fluorine; Molecular dynamics; Microstructure
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES;
DIFFRACTION PEAK; RAMAN-SPECTRA; GLASSES; VISCOSITY; PHOSPHATE;
CAO-SIO2; SYSTEM
AB Fluorine plays an important role in glass, ceramic, metallurgy, welding, etc.
Few studies have investigated the role of fluorine in the molten aluminium-silicate
slags. Herein, classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation combined Raman
spectroscopy technique was employed to investigate the influence of Al2O3/SiO2
(A/S) ratio on short- and medium-range order structures of molten CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-
Na2O-F (CSANF) slags. Then, partial least squares (PLS) modeling was used to
explore the latent relationship between the microstructure and diffusion
coefficient of ions was further analyzed. The results show that in the molten CSANF
slags, the F mainly coordinates with Na+ and Ca2+, and the coordination of Ca2+
with F is most stable. The volatilization of fluoride in the molten CSANF system
can be prevented by increasing Ca2+, reducing Na+, and reducing the polymerization
of Si-O network. Collectively, this study provided a comprehensive understanding of
the microstructure and volatilization mechanism of fluorine in silicate melt. (C)
2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Tang, Ping; Hou, Zibing] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci
& Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Zhe; Wen, Guanghua; Tang, Ping; Hou, Zibing] Chongqing Univ, State Key
Lab Mech Transmiss, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
China.
[Yu, Yue] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Dept Struct Steels, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; Chongqing University;
Central Iron & Steel Research Institute
400044, Peoples R China.; Huang, SH (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll
Bioengn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.
EM hsh@cqu.edu.cn; wengh@cqu.edu.cn
OI Wang, Zhe/0000-0003-0217-2909
[51574050]
FX This work was supported by the Graduate Scientific Research and
Innovation Foundation of Chongqing, China [grant number CYB19002] , and
the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 51574050]
.
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TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 63
PI OXFORD
SN 0009-2509
EI 1873-4405
J9 CHEM ENG SCI
JI Chem. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV 2
PY 2021
VL 243
AR 116773
DI 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116773
EA MAY 2021
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA SV3EU
UT WOS:000663706500003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sinha, NK
Singh, JK
AF Sinha, Nitesh Kumar
Singh, J. K.
TI Utilization of Industrial Waste as Mold Material and Its Effect on the
Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si (A319)
Alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE blast furnace slag; silica sand; olivine; red mud; ferro-chrome slag
ID FERRO CHROME SLAG; BLAST-FURNACE; SILICA SAND; FLY-ASH; ALUMINUM;
BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; COPPER; CU
AB The paper focuses on the utilization of industrial waste as a mold material in
the foundry industries. The industrial waste used in these papers is red mud,
ferro-chrome, and blast furnace slag and compare with the olivine sand and silica
sand mold. A319 aluminum alloy is used as a cast product of all the five molds. The
cast product A319 was investigated through an optical microscope, Vickers hardness
test, XRD, scanning electron microscopy, Tensile test, and fractography. The
results show that the secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS) of A319 cast in blast
furnace slag mold, ferro-chrome slag mold, and silica sand mold are 35 mu m, 33.474
mu m, 41.78 mu m, respectively. The lower value of SDAS of A319 alloy shows the
sustainability of red mud, ferro-chrome slag, and blast furnace slag as a mold as
compared with silica sand mold.
C1 [Sinha, Nitesh Kumar; Singh, J. K.] Banaras Hindu Univ, Indian Inst Technol,
Dept Met Engn, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
C3 Banaras Hindu University (BHU); Indian Institute of Technology System
(IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi (IIT BHU
Varanasi)
RP Sinha, NK (corresponding author), Banaras Hindu Univ, Indian Inst Technol, Dept
Met Engn, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM nitesh.sinha91@gmail.com
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U2 10
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
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PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 15
IS 4
BP 1238
EP 1249
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EA JAN 2021
PG 12
GA WI7YL
UT WOS:000604193400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, HM
Shi, Y
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Li, CK
AF Zhang, Hengming
Shi, Yu
Gu, Yufen
Xie, Jinglong
Li, Chunkai
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self-shielded flux-cored arc welding
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Self-shielded flux-cored wire; Droplet transfer; Electrode polarity;
Welding process stability; Welding spatter
ID METAL; ATTACHMENT; ALUMINUM; SPATTER; STABILITY; SHEATH; STEEL
AB Self-shielded flux-cored wires (AWS E71 T FCW) are widely applied in the fields
of construction. In this study, the effect of the electrode polarity on the mode of
droplet transfer and arc stability in self-shielded flux-cored arc welding was
investigated by the high-speed video camera system and electric signal. The results
showed that the change of electrode polarity determined different mode of droplet
transfer. In direct current electrode positive (DCEP), droplet transfer mode
presented the globular repelled transfer. And the area of the arc root decreased at
the bottom of the droplet because of the metallurgical reaction effect of the flux
core, it resulted in the relatively lager electromagnetic force acting on the
droplet, which hindered the droplet transfer. Moreover, when the droplet was
separated from the welding wire, the droplet was kept rotation state under the
action of the resultant force couple. In the direct current electrode negative
(DCEN), the electromagnetic force promoted the droplet transfer and droplet
transfer mode shown spray transfer mode. Due to the particularity of the
composition and distribution of the molten slag, the conductive path was generated
easily at the connection between the droplet and the wire, it made the arc root
climb up and wrap the droplet, the necking phenomenon appeared obviously. In DCEN
or DCEP, arc voltage and arc current have little effect on the droplet transfer
mode. At the same time, compared with the welding process in DCEP, the welding
process in DCEN had the advantages of higher arc stability, fewer welding spatter.
C1 [Zhang, Hengming; Shi, Yu; Gu, Yufen; Xie, Jinglong; Li, Chunkai] Lanzhou Univ
Technol, State Key Lab Adv Proc & Recycling Nonferrous Met, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples
R China.
[Li, Chunkai] Beijing Inst Petrochem Technol, Optomechatron Equipment Technol
Beijing Area, Major Lab, Beijing 102617, Peoples R China.
C3 Lanzhou University of Technology; Beijing Institute of Petrochemical
Technology
RP Shi, Y (corresponding author), Lanzhou Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Proc &
Recycling Nonferrous Met, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples R China.
EM shiyu@lut.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51905245]; National
Defense Basic Scientific Research Projects of China [JCKY2018427C001];
Innovative Groups of Basic Research in Gansu Province of China
[17JR5RA107]; Lanzhou University of Technology Supporting Program for
Excellent Young Talents of China; Base open fund of the Beijing
Institute of Petrochemical Technology
China (Grant number 51905245), the National Defense Basic Scientific
Research Projects of China (Grant number JCKY2018427C001), the
Innovative Groups of Basic Research in Gansu Province of China (Grant
number 17JR5RA107), and the Lanzhou University of Technology Supporting
Program for Excellent Young Talents of China, and Base open fund of the
Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology. The funders had no role
in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or
interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the
decision to publish the results.
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EI 2212-4616
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
JI J. Manuf. Process.
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 58
BP 478
EP 488
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.07.056
PG 11
WC Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA OI6VX
UT WOS:000583414900040
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Spooner, S
Li, ZS
Sridhar, S
AF Spooner, Stephen
Li, Zushu
TI Hidden Phenomena During Transient Reaction Trajectories in Liquid Metals
Processing
LA English
DT Article
ID SPONTANEOUS EMULSIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS DISTRIBUTION; INTERFACIAL
PHENOMENA; DROPLET GENERATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RESIDENCE TIME;
SLAG FORMATION; DYNAMIC-MODEL; BOF; KINETICS
AB The transient trajectory taken for a system striving toward equilibration has
consequences on the rate of processes and on the chemical and physical state of
products in metallurgical processes. A case study approach to recent advancements
in liquid steel processing is given. A combination of techniques and knowledge
developed is given as a targeted showcase of the authors' contributions to the
understanding of liquid metal droplet reactions and their contribution to the
large-scale production processes within the steel industry. Examples relevant to
novel ironmaking technologies, oxygen steelmaking, ladle metallurgy, and continuous
casting are discussed, showing the range of processes that benefit from greater
understanding in this area. This article considers specifically the reaction of
liquid ferrous droplets, immersed in molten oxides, involving key alloying
components, including phosphorus, aluminum, and carbon. The studies use high-
temperature-confocal scanning laser microscopy (HT-CSLM), X-ray computed tomography
(XCT), phase-field modeling, andin situlimited angle X-ray imaging. These
techniques have seen significant development over recent years, and the combination
of these powerful tools reveals the occurrence of spontaneous emulsification driven
by chemical reaction (in the case of oxygen/phosphorus/aluminum reactions) and gas-
phase formation (in the case of decarburization) both internally and externally to
a steel droplet. A key finding is that the interfacial area pertinent for the
heterogenous reactions to occur changes considerably (by up to an order of
magnitude) depending on the chemical driving force. Additional key findings include
the shift between preferential internal and external gas nucleation during
decarburization, an inflection point of behavior as to whether or not spontaneous
emulsification will occur (within the study discussed, this is between 3 and 4 wt
pct Al) and the pathway of perturbation growth through which spontaneous
emulsification occurs, including the physical maxima a perturbation will grow to
before breaking away from the parent droplet.
C1 [Spooner, Stephen; Li, Zushu] Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands,
England.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401
USA.
C3 University of Warwick; Colorado School of Mines
RP Spooner, S (corresponding author), Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W
Midlands, England.
EM s.spooner@warwick.ac.uk
FU EPSRC [EP/N011368/1]; Tata Steel Europe; EPSRC [EP/N011368/1] Funding
Source: UKRI
FX The authors acknowledge the support for this work by EPSRC through Grant
No. EP/N011368/1 and the continued collaboration and funding of Tata
Steel Europe.
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NR 84
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 4
BP 1301
EP 1314
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01880-2
EA JUL 2020
PG 14
Engineering
GA MN5PX
UT WOS:000545926600005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, HX
Li, FH
Wang, YF
AF Xiao, Huixia
Li, Fenghai
Wang, Yifei
TI Regulation of ash fusion behaviors for high aluminum coal by high
calcium coal addition
LA English
DT Article
DE coal blending; coal preparation principle; high ash fusion temperature;
modification mechanism
ID TEMPERATURE; FLOW; GASIFICATION; COMBUSTION; FUSIBILITY
AB To meet the requirement of liquid slag tapping entrained-flow gasification, two
kinds of high ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) coals with significant difference in
ash chemical composition (high aluminum coal: Al2O3 > 38%, Sunjiahao coal, and
Shajuzi coal; high calcium coal: CaO > 35%, Hebi coal, and Xinjiang coal) were
selected. The ash fusion behaviors of blending coal were investigated. The results
showed that blending coal could significantly reduce the AFTs of high-AFT coal. The
formation of high melting point minerals led to the increase of AFTs (high aluminum
coal: mullite, corundum, and cristobalite; high calcium coal: lime and periclase).
Xinjiang coal reduced AFTs more obviously than that of Hebi coal because of the
differences in the total amount of alkali oxides, Fe2O3 and MgO. The effect of CaO
on AFTs was determined by the amount of CaO. CaO, Fe2O3, and MgO promoted the
formation of low-melting eutectic [anorthite, gehlenite, spinel, pyrope, and
ringwoodite (Fe-rich)] and made AFTs low when the mass ratios of high calcium coal
were low. On the contrary, the high content of CaO increased AFTs. FactSage7.0
software is a very effective way to explore the effect of mineral transformation on
AFTs.
C1 [Xiao, Huixia; Wang, Yifei] East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources &
Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai] Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R China.
C3 East China University of Science & Technology; Heze University
RP Wang, YF (corresponding author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resources &
Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.; Li, FH (corresponding author),
Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com; wangyf@ecust.edu.cn
RI LI, feng/HIR-1703-2022; Wang, Yifei/AAW-5970-2021
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
[2017YFB0602802]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[21875059]
FX Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,
Grant/Award Number: 2017YFB0602802; National Natural Science Foundation
of China, Grant/Award Number: 21875059
Bryers RW, 1996, PROG ENERG COMBUST, V22, P29, DOI 10.1016/0360-1285(95)00012-7
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NR 29
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 35
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1932-2135
EI 1932-2143
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 15
IS 1
AR e2404
DI 10.1002/apj.2404
EA JAN 2020
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA KI6IC
UT WOS:000505512600001
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, SW
Pan, J
Zhu, DQ
Guo, ZQ
Shi, Y
Chou, JL
Xu, JW
AF Li, Siwei
Pan, Jian
Zhu, Deqing
Guo, Zhengqi
Shi, Yue
Chou, Jianlei
Xu, Jiwei
TI An Innovative Technique for Comprehensive Utilization of High Aluminum
Iron Ore via Pre-Reduced-Smelting Separation-Alkaline Leaching Process:
Part I: Pre-Reduced-Smelting Separation to Recover Iron
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-aluminum iron ore; smelting separation; modification; alkaline
leaching
ID REDUCTION-MAGNETIC SEPARATION; RED MUD; COPPER SLAG; BENEFICIATION
AB In this study, a novel process was established for extraction of Fe and Al from
a complex high aluminum iron ore (33.43% Fe-total and 19.09% Al2O3). The main steps
in the proposed process included pre-reducing high alumina iron ore and subsequent
smelting to produce pig iron and rich-alumina slag, followed by alkaline leaching
of the slag to obtain sodium aluminate solution and a clean slag. When smelting the
pre-reduced high alumina iron ore pellets at 1625 degrees C for 30 min with a slag
basicity of 0.40, the pig iron yielded 97.08% Fe and extracted 0.13% Al2O3,
together with an iron recovery of 94.54%. In addition, more than 68.93% Al2O3 was
recovered by leaching the slag, which was achieved by firstly roasted the slag at
900 degrees C for 2 h and then alkaline leaching at 95 degrees C for 2 h with a
liquid-to-solid ratio of 10 mL/g. In addition, the alkaline leaching slag could
potentially be used as raw material for construction purpose, which mainly
consisted of SiO2 and CaO.
C1 [Li, Siwei; Pan, Jian; Zhu, Deqing; Guo, Zhengqi; Shi, Yue; Chou, Jianlei; Xu,
Jiwei] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R
China.
RP Zhu, DQ; Guo, ZQ (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc &
Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
EM swli@csu.edu.cn; pjcsu@csu.edu.cn; dqzhu@csu.edu.cn;
guozqcsu@csu.edu.cn; shiyue@csu.edu.cn; choujianlei@csu.edu.cn;
175611037@csu.edu.cn
OI pan, jian/0000-0003-0868-7102
FU Nation Natural Science Foundation of China [51574281]; Youth natural
science foundation China [51904347]; Innovation-driven Project of
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region [AA18242003, AA148242003]
FX This study was funded by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China
(grant number NO. 51574281), the Youth natural science foundation China
(grant number NO. 51904347) and Innovation-driven Project of Guangxi
Zhuang Autonomous Region (grant number No. AA18242003, No. AA148242003).
CR [Anonymous], 2010, 241942009 GBT
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NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 20
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 10
IS 1
AR 57
DI 10.3390/met10010057
PG 17
Engineering
GA KQ3LK
UT WOS:000516827800057
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yu, HX
Yang, DX
Li, MM
Pan, M
AF Yu, Huixiang
Yang, Dexin
Li, Muming
Pan, Ming
TI Metallurgical characteristics of refining slag used for high manganese
steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high Mn steel; refining slag; liquid zone; non-metallic inclusion;
slag-metal equilibrium
ID MOLTEN MOLD FLUX; HIGH AL STEEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS;
REACTION-MECHANISM; AIN FORMATION; THERMODYNAMICS; EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM;
AL2O3; ACCUMULATION
AB High manganese steel has excellent mechanical properties, which has garnered
much attention. Whereas the research on the refining slag used for high Mn steel is
very limited. In this study, the metallurgical characteristics of refining slag for
high Mn steel were investigated based on thermodynamic calculation with FactSage
6.3 and slag-metal equilibrium reaction in MgO crucible. The calculated liquid
zones of T <= 1873 K of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-8%MgO-5%MnO system are located in the middle
region of pseudo-ternary CaO-SiO2-Al2O3. For CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-8%MgO-MnO system, the
apparent liquid zone at 1873 K enlarges with MnO content in slag increasing, and
moves toward the direction of SiO2 and Al2O3 content increasing. For CaO-SiO2-Al2O3
MgO-MnO system, the liquidus zone shrinks with the basicity increasing, and moves
toward the direction of Al2O3 content increasing. The measured MnO content in top
slag reacted with high Mn steel was much higher than that reacted with conventional
steels. In present experiments, the MnO content was around 5% when CaOSiO2-Al2O3-
MgO slag with basicity of 4 was in equilibrium with high Mn steel (Mn - 10, 20%) at
1873 K. The inclusions in master high Mn steel were mainly MnO type. After reaction
with top slag, most inclusions transformed to MnO-SiO2 system and MnO-Al2O3-MgO
system, in which the MnO content still shared the majority. Thermodynamic
calculations show that SiO2 in top slag can be reduced by [Mn] in steel to supply
[Si] under present experimental condition, which subsequently reacts with [O] in
steel bath to form SiO2.
C1 [Yu, Huixiang; Yang, Dexin; Li, Muming; Pan, Ming] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
[Yu, Huixiang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
Technology Beijing
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Yu, HX (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol
RI Young, Allen/AAX-9003-2020
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51404020]
FX The authors are grateful to Prof. Tsukihashi and Prof. Matsuura from
Tokyo University for the discussion on the refining slag used for high
Mn steel. The authors also express their thanks to Prof. Kang from
POSTECH for his kind help in thermodynamic calculations. This work was
financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China
(No. 51404020).
CR Cho JW, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P187, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0818-3
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603
Kim S, 2018, S P 10 CHIN KOR JOIN
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Nishigaki R, 2019, TETSU TO HAGANE, V105, P369, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-
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Paek MK, 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V47, P1243, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0588-y
Wang L., 2018, S P 10 CHIN KOR JOIN
Wang X.H., 2008, 4 INT C SCI TECHN ST
Wu P, 2018, REAL TIM SYST SYMP P, P181, DOI 10.1109/RTSS.2018.00035
Yu H, 2016, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V43, P607, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2016.1139858
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NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 17
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD SEP 23
PY 2019
VL 116
IS 6
AR 620
DI 10.1051/metal/2019050
PG 7
GA KC0WK
UT WOS:000506908800002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Q
Wang, LJ
Zhai, J
Li, JM
Chou, KC
AF Wang, Qi
Wang, Lijun
Zhai, Jun
Li, Jianmin
Chou, Kuochih
TI Calcium Treatment for FeSi-killed Fe-13 Pct Cr Stainless Steel with
Various Top Slag Compositions
LA English
DT Article
ID INCLUSION; DEOXIDATION; ALUMINUM; THERMODYNAMICS; EVOLUTION; ALLOYS
AB Calcium treatment of Fe-13 pct Cr stainless steel, with inclusion modification
as its main purpose, was evaluated on a laboratory scale. The stability diagram of
Ca-Al was obtained using the FactSage software and could be divided into three
parts based on the [Al] content: the ultra-low-Al region, the low-Al region, and
the medium-high-Al region. Each of these regions required different amounts of
calcium for inclusion modification. The ferrosilicon deoxidation product could be
modified into low melting temperature inclusions by a CaO-SiO2 top slag in the
ultra-low-Al region ([Al] content less than 40 ppm). Calcium treatment was
necessary to modify the ferrosilicon deoxidation product into low melting
temperature inclusions in the low-Al region ([Al] content from 40 to 100 ppm) for
the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 top slag. Calcium addition has a "liquid window" where adding
calcium can accelerate inclusion modification. Adding calcium for 15 and 30 minutes
resulted in complete modification times of 45 and 60 minutes, respectively, which
indicates that early calcium treatment can produce plastic inclusions sooner. The
relationship between the steel and inclusion content was determined by fitting the
experimental data in the low-Al region. An appropriate range of T.Ca/T.O (total
calcium content/total oxygen content) for inclusion modification is 0.99 to 1.44.
(C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2017
C1 [Wang, Qi; Wang, Lijun; Chou, Kuochih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Collaborat
Innovat Ctr Steel Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Qi; Wang, Lijun; Chou, Kuochih] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
[Zhai, Jun; Li, Jianmin] Taiyuan Iron & Steel Grp Co Ltd, Tech Ctr, Taiyuan
030003, Shanxi, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing
RP Wang, LJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Collaborat Innovat
Ctr Steel Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM lijunwang@ustb.edu.cn
RI LI, JIAN/GRY-2197-2022; LI, JIAN/JAX-3092-2023; l, j/HNC-5728-2023; li,
jian/GSE-0245-2022; Wang, Lijun/S-4131-2016
OI wang, lijun/0000-0003-2094-3228
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0300204];
National Nature Science Foundation of China [51374020, 51774027,
51734002]
FX The authors would like to express their appreciation to the National Key
Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0300204) and the
National Nature Science Foundation of China (51374020, 51774027, and
51734002).
CR [Anonymous], 1988, STEELM DAT SOURCB JA
Howard M., 1984, METALL T B, V15, P547
Lofgren A., 1986, INTERNAL REPORT
Xu JF, 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V47, P1217, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0599-8
123
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 49
IS 1
BP 325
EP 333
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-1156-9
PG 9
Engineering
GA FS6WS
UT WOS:000419939700031
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cho, BS
Choi, YC
AF Cho, Bong Suk
Choi, Young Cheol
TI Properties of cementless binders using desulfurization slag as an alkali
activator
SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag cement; Cementless binder; Desulfurization slag; Ettringite
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; FLY-ASH; ENGINEERING PROPERTIES; COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH; HIGH-VOLUME; LADLE SLAG; CONCRETE; HYDRATION; PRODUCTS; MORTAR
AB The alkali stimulus provided by the Ca(OH)(2) contained in desulfurization slag
(DS), a byproduct generated in the preliminary treatment of molten iron and
composed of Ca(OH)(2), CaCO3, and 2CaO center dot SiO2, is used to cause a cement-
free binder to harden by serving as an alkali activator for ground, granulated
blast-furnace slag (BFS). The 28-day compressive strength of the BFS-DS binder was
found to be about 30% that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), but the 28-day
strength of a binder made from BFS, DS, and anhydrous gypsum (G) was found to be
similar to that of OPC. It is confirmed that BFS-DS-G binders have very low
hydration heat, which is of use in reducing the heat generated during the curing of
mass concrete. The main hydration product of the BFS-DS-G binder is found to be
ettringite. Scanning electron microscope images reveal that the needle-shaped
ettringite formed in the BFS-DS-G binder is much thicker than that formed in OPC.
This thick, needle-shaped ettringite forms a skeletal structure, providing
structural stability, and fills the gaps between hydration products such as calcium
silicate hydrates and calcium aluminum hydrates, making it highly effective in
forming a dense structure. The widespread use of BFS-DS-G binders would result in
the value-added utilization of byproducts from the iron & steel making process, and
provide an environmentally friendly and more economical construction material, and
contribute to a reduction in CO2 emissions generated by the cement industry.
C1 [Cho, Bong Suk] Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol, Environm & Resources Res Grp, 67
Chengnam Ro, Pohang, South Korea.
[Choi, Young Cheol] Gachon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1342 Seongnamdaero,
Seongnam Si 13120, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
C3 Gachon University
RP Choi, YC (corresponding author), Gachon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1342
Seongnamdaero, Seongnam Si 13120, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
EM zerofe@gachon.ac.kr
FU Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) [2017000150001]
FX This research is supported by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) as
"The advancement of scientific research and technology development in
environmental science program" (No. 2017000150001).
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NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU KOREAN ASSOC CRYSTAL GROWTH, INC
PI SEOUL
PA SUNGDONG POST OFFICE, P O BOX 27, SEOUL 133-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1229-9162
J9 J CERAM PROCESS RES
JI J. Ceram. Process. Res.
PY 2018
VL 19
IS 1
BP 37
EP 42
PG 6
GA GC3CS
UT WOS:000429662400008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vázquez-Rodriguez, FJ
Valadez-Ramos, J
Puente-Ornelas, R
Contreras, JE
Arato, A
Rodríguez, EA
AF Vazquez-Rodriguez, F. J.
Valadez-Ramos, J.
Puente-Ornelas, R.
Contreras, J. E.
Arato, A.
Rodriguez, Eden A.
TI NONFERROUS WASTE FOUNDRY SAND AND MILLING FLY ASH AS ALTERNATIVE LOW
MECHANICAL STRENGTH MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: EFFECT ON
MORTARS AT EARLY AGES
SO REVISTA ROMANA DE MATERIALE-ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE construction; mortars; Portland cement; fly ash; composite; pollution
ID SECONDARY ALUMINUM SLAGS; CONCRETE; PRODUCTS; SLUDGE; WFS
AB An alternative solution to reduce environmental pollution using aluminum waste
foundry sand (AWFS) and fly ash (FA) to produce sustainable construction materials
was studied. New mortars were prepared by partially replacing ordinary Portland
cement with fly ash at 5, 10 and 15 % mass. and a total replace of Ottawa sand (OS)
with AWFS. The specimens were cured at 25 degrees C with a 100% relative humidity.
The mechanical behavior was evaluated by compression test at the ages of 7, 14 and
28 days. The microstructural characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron
microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the addition of milling fly ash in AWFS
mortars increases the mechanical resistance, mostly at 5% mass reaching the maximum
value of 10 MPa at 28 days of age. Microstructurally, it was found a porous cement
matrix with some cracking caused by the reaction of portland cement with the
metallic aluminum remaining in the waste sand, which is correlated to the low
mechanical resistance obtained. The final mechanical characteristic makes this new
product a serious candidate to be used as a sustainable building material working
at low load.
C1 [Vazquez-Rodriguez, F. J.; Valadez-Ramos, J.; Puente-Ornelas, R.; Contreras, J.
E.; Arato, A.; Rodriguez, Eden A.] UANL, Fac Ingn Mecan & Elect, Ciudad Univ, San
Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
C3 Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
RP Vázquez-Rodriguez, FJ (corresponding author), UANL, Fac Ingn Mecan & Elect,
Ciudad Univ, San Nicolas De Los Garza 66450, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
EM fcofimeuanl@gmail.com
OI RODRIGUEZ CASTELLANOS, EDEN AMARAL/0000-0002-4917-7435
FU CONACYT, Faculty of Civil Engineering (FIC-UANL); Faculty of Mechanical
and Electrical Engineering (FIME-UANL)
FX This research has been supported by CONACYT, Faculty of Civil
Engineering (FIC-UANL), and the Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical
Engineering (FIME-UANL).
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TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 7
PU SERBAN SOLACOLU FOUNDATION
PI BUCUREST
PA STR GHEORGHE POLIZU NR 1, COD 011061 SECTOR 1, BUCUREST, 00000, ROMANIA
SN 1583-3186
J9 REV ROM MATER
JI Rev. Rom. Mat.
PY 2018
VL 48
IS 3
BP 338
EP 345
PG 8
GA HD7LG
UT WOS:000452733000008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ahn, SH
Jakobsson, LK
Tranell, G
AF Ahn, Seung Hwan
Jakobsson, Lars Klemet
Tranell, Gabriella
TI Distribution of Calcium and Aluminum Between Molten Silicon and
Silica-Rich CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slags at
1823 K (1550 A°C)
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SYSTEM; EQUILIBRIA; SI; MELTS; ALLOYS; MODEL
AB Oxidative refining of silicon after tapping from the furnace is performed to
remove calcium and aluminum impurities. Depending on the slag composition, the
refining limit is determined by the thermodynamic equilibrium between silicon and
slag. Silica-rich CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 slags were equilibrated with silicon at 1823 K
(1550 A degrees C) in the present study. The results were compared with previous
experimental measurements, experimentally measured activities in the slag and
thermodynamically modeled data. The present study was found to agree relatively
well with most of these works. The concentrations of calcium and aluminum in
silicon along the liquidus line for SiO2 saturation were also investigated, and
this area was found to have less agreement between different works.
C1 [Ahn, Seung Hwan; Jakobsson, Lars Klemet] NTNU Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol,
Hogskoleringen 1, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Ahn, Seung Hwan] Dongbu Met Co Ltd, Donghae, South Korea.
[Ahn, Seung Hwan] LS Nikko Copper Inc, Ulsan, South Korea.
[Jakobsson, Lars Klemet] Elkem Technol, Fiskaaveien 100, N-4675 Kristiansand,
Norway.
[Tranell, Gabriella] NTNU Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Trondheim, Norway.
C3 Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); Norwegian
University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
RP Jakobsson, LK (corresponding author), Elkem Technol, Fiskaaveien 100, N-4675
Kristiansand, Norway.
EM lars.k.jakobsson@elkem.com
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NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 1
BP 308
EP 316
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0829-0
PG 9
Engineering
GA EI2CZ
UT WOS:000392295500033
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, BW
He, MS
Hwang, JY
Gan, WG
AF Li, Bowen
He, Mingsheng
Hwang, Jiann-Yang
Gan, Wangui
TI Characteristics of Anorthite-Pyroxene Ceramics Made from Hot-Poured
Steelmaking Slag
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-TEMPERATURE FABRICATION; RAW-MATERIALS; STEEL-SLAG
AB Steelmaking slag is an alkaline byproduct generated from the steelmaking
process. It consists mainly of oxides of calcium, iron, silicon, magnesium, and
aluminum. It has a volumetric production in the steelmaking industry which has made
a great impact on environment remediation. In this study, anorthite-pyroxene
ceramic was prepared with hot-poured steelmaking slag, kaolin, and quartz with a
sintering process. The ceramic products can be well sintered by heating at 1200A
degrees C, but they melted at 1300A degrees C. The major mineral phases were
anorthite, pyroxene, and spinel when sintering at 1150A degrees C, while the
characteristic peaks of belite, alite, and quartz in raw materials disappeared. The
major mineral components of the ceramic become anorthite and pyroxene at 1200A
degrees C. The additional mixed wollastonite was involved in a sintering reaction
when the temperature increased to 1200A degrees C. The newly crystalized grains
were uniformly formed and distributed.
C1 [Li, Bowen; He, Mingsheng; Hwang, Jiann-Yang] Wuhan Iron & Steel Grp Corp, Adv
Mat R&D Ctr, N 2nd St,Future Sci Pk, Beijing 102211, Peoples R China.
[Li, Bowen; Hwang, Jiann-Yang] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1400
Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Gan, Wangui] Wuhan Iron & Steel Grp Corp, Metall Resources Inc, 107 6th Jianshe
Rd, Wuhan 430083, Peoples R China.
C3 China Baowu Steel Group; Michigan Technological University; China Baowu
Steel Group
RP Li, BW (corresponding author), Wuhan Iron & Steel Grp Corp, Adv Mat R&D Ctr, N
2nd St,Future Sci Pk, Beijing 102211, Peoples R China.; Li, BW (corresponding
author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI
49931 USA.
EM boli@mtu.edu
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NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 2
BP 173
EP 177
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-2204-7
PG 5
GA EJ3IS
UT WOS:000393106400005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
White, JF
Hildal, K
Du, SC
AF Lee, Jaewoo
White, Jesse F.
Hildal, Kjetil
Du Sichen
TI Study on the Kinetics of Aluminum Removal from Liquid Silicon to Slag
with Mechanical Stirring
LA English
CT International Symposium on Advances in Materials Manufacturing at the
Conference of Metallurgists (COM)
CY AUG 23-26, 2015
CL Toronto, CANADA
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; MASS-TRANSFER; CALCIUM; ALLOYS; OXIDE; IRON;
CA
AB The kinetics of aluminum removal from silicon melt to CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag was
studied. A recently designed experimental setup using mechanical stirring was
employed to focus the study on the chemical reaction. The slag and metal were found
to reach chemical equilibrium in 300 seconds. A simple model could reproduce the
experimental data satisfactorily. Both the experimental results and the model
prediction further confirmed that the process was controlled by the chemical
reaction, since the reaction rate constant was found to be independent of the
amount of slag and the initial slag composition. The experimental data at
equilibrium were compared with the model calculations. The discrepancy between the
model calculations and the experimental data strongly suggests the need for careful
thermodynamic measurements. (C) The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with
open access at Springerlink.com
C1 [Lee, Jaewoo; Du Sichen] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stockholm,
Sweden.
[White, Jesse F.; Hildal, Kjetil] Elkem AS, Technol, Kristiansand, Norway.
RP Du, SC (corresponding author), KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Stockholm, Sweden.
EM sichen@kth.se
OI White, Jesse Franklin/0000-0001-9257-5407
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NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 6
BP 3511
EP 3518
DI 10.1007/s11663-016-0768-9
PG 8
Engineering
GA EE7MC
UT WOS:000389800800036
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, YT
Wang, Q
Chen, GJ
He, SP
AF Guo, Yin-tao
Wang, Qian
Chen, Gu-jun
He, Sheng-ping
TI Castability of Aluminum- and Sulfur-bearing Free-cutting Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE free-cutting steel; nozzle clogging; thermodynamics; inclusion;
castability; CaS; spinel
ID GRAIN-GROWTH; CALCIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; IMPROVEMENT; ELEMENTS; AL
AB Submerged entry nozzle (SEN) blockage is one of the main problems during
continuous casting of Al and S-containing steel, which has a negative effect on the
smooth production and product quality. The blockage deposits mainly consisted of
MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel, calcium sulfide, or (and) high-melting-point calcium
aluminate. To understand completely the formation behavior of non-metallic
inclusions and provide an optimization direction for improving castability,
thermodynamic discussions on the generation characteristic of non-metallic
inclusions before liquid steel flow through SEN were conducted. In addition, an
industrial trial comprising of 10 heats made on five casting sequences was
performed, including not only Al- and S-containing free-cutting steel, but also a
medium-carbon Al-killed steel and a high-carbon Al-deoxidized steel. It was found
that inclusions transferred into the MgO-Al2O3 spinel from pure Al2O3 and complex
inclusions during vacuum degassing (VD) treatment. Two kinds of MgO center dot
Al2O3 spinel inclusions were observed in the VD-treated steel. One is fine
homogeneous inclusion of 1-2 mu m in diameter, and the other is 10 mu m-sized
heterogeneous inclusions, which consisted of an Al2O3 core surrounded by a spine!
coating. It was suggested that the former was generated from the mutual combination
of fine MgO and Al2O3 particles produced from the erosion of the refractory
materials during the VD process, and the latter was considered to be generated from
the local reduction of large residual Al2O3 particles by soluble [Mg] provided by
the decomposition of MgO in the ladle line during VD treatment. It was also
discovered that CaS mainly results from steel-slag desulfurization during soft
stirring.
C1 [Guo, Yin-tao; Wang, Qian; Chen, Gu-jun; He, Sheng-ping] Chongqing Univ, Coll
RP Guo, YT (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM gyt3133@163.com
Ashok K, 2012, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V585, P364, DOI
Geng HM, 2009, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V16, P54, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(09)60010-8
Guo YT, 2014, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V41, P738, DOI 10.1179/1743281214Y.0000000188
Karmakar A, 2014, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V30, P653, DOI
10.1179/1743284713Y.0000000386
Kim Y, 2013, METALL MATER TRANS A, V44A, P4613, DOI 10.1007/s11661-013-1828-2
Kundu A, 2014, ISIJ INT, V54, P677, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.54.677
Li GZ, 2009, INT J MIN MET MATER, V16, P650
MARUSICH TD, 1995, INT J NUMER METH ENG, V38, P3675, DOI 10.1002/nme.1620382108
Rackers K., 1995, 78 STEELM C P, P723
Song B, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P415, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0119-6
Tlusty J, 1993, CIRP Ann.-Manuf. Technol., V42, P733
UESHIMA Y, 1986, METALL TRANS B, V17, P845, DOI 10.1007/BF02657148
Zhang XG, 2014, METALL MATER TRANS A, V45A, P4623, DOI 10.1007/s11661-014-2364-4
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 32
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 22
SU 1
BP 87
EP 92
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(15)30144-8
PG 6
GA CZ2QJ
UT WOS:000366949400015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wu, T
He, SP
Guo, YT
Wang, Q
AF Wu, Ting
He, Sheng-ping
Guo, Yin-tao
Wang, Qian
BE Carpenter, JS
Bai, C
Hwang, JY
Ikhmayies, S
Li, B
Monteiro, SN
Peng, Z
Zhang, M
TI STUDY ON REACTIVITY BETWEEN MOULD FLUXES AND HIGH-Al MOLTEN STEEL
SO CHARACTERIZATION OF MINERALS, METALS, AND MATERIALS 2014
LA English
CT Symposium on Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials held
during The-Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society Annual Meeting and
Exhibition (TMS)
CY FEB 16-20, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
DE High-Al steel; Mould fluxes; Continuous casting; Slag-steel reaction
AB During the continuous casting of high-Al steel, some important components of
mould fluxes are easily reduced by aluminum in the steel. As a consequence, the
performance of mould fluxes may be deteriorated, which will impede the smooth
running of continuous casting and affect the quality of casting slab. Thermodynamic
calculation and crucible experiments were done to investigate the dynamic reduction
of different mould fluxes by the aluminum in the steel, and industry tests based on
the research were carried out. It was found that SiO2, Fe2O3, Na2O and B2O3 would
react with aluminum in the steel, while the reaction of CaO, CaF2, MgO, Li2O, BaO
with aluminum in the steel basically not happened. Since the components of CaO-
Al2O3 based mould fluxes changes a little after the slag-steel reaction, CaO-Al2O3
based mould fluxes with stable properties were applied into industry production and
the actual application effect is good.
C1 [Wu, Ting; He, Sheng-ping; Guo, Yin-tao; Wang, Qian] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat
RP Wu, T (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
FU Chongqing Research Program of Foundation and Advanced Technology
[cstc2013jcyjA50003]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities in China [CDJZR11130004]
FX The authors would like to deeply appreciate the fund from Chongqing
Research Program of Foundation and Advanced Technology (Project No.
cstc2013jcyjA50003) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities in China (Project No. CDJZR11130004).
CR Baoshan Iron and Steel China, 2009, [No title captured], Patent No.
[CN200710042540.6, 2007100425406]
Jeffrey J. B., AISTECH 2005 P, P99
[No title captured]
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-118-88805-6; 978-1-118-88786-8
PY 2014
BP 265
EP 270
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Mineralogy
GA BN6KT
UT WOS:000485810300031
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LF
Lv, XW
Damoah, LNW
Bai, CG
AF Zhang, Lifeng
Lv, Xuewei
Damoah, Lucas Nana Wiredu
Bai, Chenguang
TI MATHEMATICAL MODELING ON THE REMOVAL OF IMPURITY ELEMENTS FROM MOLTEN
ALUMINUM
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; gas injection; impurity elements; mathematical modeling;
powder injection; slag refining
ID POWER-CONSUMPTION; MASS-TRANSFER; MAGNESIUM; HYDROGEN; BUBBLES; VESSELS
AB In order to remove impurity elements from molten aluminum, many processes, such
as using inert gas, reactive gas, reactive powders, unreactive powders, slag, or
their combinations, have been used during the past 30 years. In the current paper,
mathematical models on the removal of impurity elements from molten aluminum for
these processes were extensively developed, and validated by industrial measurement
from literatures. Special parameters were introduced to express the refining
efficiency. Mathematical models for the combined processes like inert gas mixed
with reactive gas purging, reactive powders injection with inert gas as carrying
gas, were also developed. The removal efficiency of impurity elements for batch
reactor and continuous reactor were derived for these processes, either the single
method or the combined method. The effects of gas flow rate, impellor rotating
speed, fraction of reactive gas, injecting rate of reactive powders, and
temperature on the removal of impurity elements were discussed.
C1 [Zhang, Lifeng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lifeng; Lv, Xuewei; Damoah, Lucas Nana Wiredu] Missouri Univ Sci &
Technol, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Rolla, MO USA.
[Lv, Xuewei; Bai, Chenguang] Chongqing Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Missouri
System; Missouri University of Science & Technology; Chongqing
University
RI Bai, Chen-Guang/ABC-6092-2021; Damoah, Lucas/P-2863-2018
OI Damoah, Lucas/0000-0002-1745-3722
FU Research Board Grant; Laboratory of Green Process Metallurgy and
Modeling (GPMM); Material Research Center (MRC); Intelligent Systems
Center (ISC) at the Missouri University of Science and Technology
(Missouri ST)
FX This research is supported by the Research Board Grant, Laboratory of
Green Process Metallurgy and Modeling (GPMM), Material Research Center
(MRC), Intelligent Systems Center (ISC) at the Missouri University of
Science and Technology (Missouri S&T).
CR ALBAL RS, 1983, CHEM ENG J BIOCH ENG, V27, P61, DOI 10.1016/0300-9467(83)80053-7
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BAIRD MHI, 1962, CHEM ENG SCI, V17, P87, DOI 10.1016/0009-2509(62)80020-7
Bejan A, 2003, Heat Transfer Handbook, V1
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Clumpner J.A., 1986, LIGHT METALS, P815
Cutshall E. R., 1992, LIGHT MET, P963
DANTZIG JA, 1980, METALL TRANS B, V11, P433, DOI 10.1007/BF02676887
DAVIDSON L, 1956, AICHE J, V2, P337, DOI 10.1002/aic.690020309
Dube G., 1983, LIGHT MET, P993
EICHENAU.W, 1974, Z METALLKD, V65, P649
ENGH TA, 1982, LIGHT MET, P983
Fu QA, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P979, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0066-2
Fu QN, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P971, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0065-3
Gariepy B., 1986, LIGHT MET, P452
Hjelle O., 1985, REMOVAL SODIUM ALUMI, P343
Hur BY, 2003, MATER SCI FORUM, V439, P51, DOI
Paglianti A, 2000, CAN J CHEM ENG, V78, P386, DOI 10.1002/cjce.5450780214
Paglianti A, 2001, AICHE J, V47, P2673, DOI 10.1002/aic.690471207
Paglianti A., 2002, CAN J CHEM ENG, V80, P1, DOI [10.1002/cjce.5450800409, DOI
10.1002/CJCE.5450800409]
Patak F., 1983, THESIS AACHEN
PEEBLES FN, 1953, CHEM ENG PROG, V49, P88
PEHLKE RD, 1962, T METALL SOC AIME, V224, P1237
Saha D., 1989, PRODUCTIVITY TECHNOL
SEVIK M, 1973, J FLUID ENG-T ASME, V95, P53, DOI 10.1115/1.3446958
SIGWORTH GK, 1982, METALL TRANS B, V13, P447, DOI 10.1007/BF02667761
THEMELIS NJ, 1983, CAN METALL QUART, V22, P313
Williams EM, 2001, LIGHT MET, P1053
Williams EM, 2000, LIGHT METALS 2000, P785
YANG ZG, 1993, METALL TRANS B, V24, P707, DOI 10.1007/BF02673186
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10.1080/08827508.2010.483396
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 0882-7508
EI 1547-7401
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 1
BP 1
EP 54
DI 10.1080/08827508.2010.542210
PG 54
GA 919DW
UT WOS:000302303000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Seki, I
Nagata, K
Ashino, T
Tanabe, J
AF Seki, Ichiro
Nagata, Kazuhiro
Ashino, Tetsuya
Tanabe, Jun
TI Solubility of Calcium and Oxygen in Molten Iron Equilibrated with Slag
in CaO, Al2O3 or CaO-stabilized ZrO2
Crucible at 1 873 K
LA English
DT Article
DE molten iron; solubility; calcium; oxygen; CaO; Al2O3; CaO-stabilized
ZrO2
ID CAO-AL2O3-ZRO2; ALUMINUM
AB The solubility of calcium and oxygen in molten iron equilibrated with CaO-Al2O3-
ZrO2 molten slag in CaO, Al2O3 or 5.5 mass% CaO-stabilized ZrO2 crucible at 1873 K
was measured by means of the slag-metal equilibrium partition method under Ar gas
atmosphere. From the results by XRD and the phase diagram of CaO Al2O3 ZrO2 system,
the slag in a CaO crucible was in equilibrium with CaO center dot ZrO2 and CaO and
the slag composition was 57.36 mass% CaO-34.86% Al2O3-7.78% ZrO2. The slag in a
Al2O3 crucible was in equilibrium with CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) and ZrO2-CaO solid
solution (Css) and the slag composition was 27.08 mass% CaO-53.42% Al2O3-19.50%
ZrO2. The slag in a CaO-stabilized ZrO2 crucible was in equilibrium with ZrO2-CaO
solid solution (Css) and CaO center dot ZrO2 and the slag composition was 30.38
mass% CaO- 51.56% Al2O3-18.06% ZrO2. The average concentrations of oxygen and
calcium in molten iron in equilibrium with slag and compounds were 251 ppm and 3
ppm in a CaO crucible, 33 ppm and 4 ppm in an Al2O3 crucible and 21 ppm and 5 ppm
in a CaO-stabilized ZrO2 crucible, respectively. The logarithm of equilibrium
constant, logK, for the reaction of CaO(s) = (Ca) under bar + (O) under bar is -
4.38 and the interaction parameter of e(Ca)(O) is 31.8. The value is satisfied the
thermodynamic phase stability.
C1 [Seki, Ichiro; Ashino, Tetsuya] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai,
Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Nagata, Kazuhiro] Tokyo Univ Arts, Dept Conservat, Taito Ku, Tokyo 1108714,
Japan.
[Tanabe, Jun] Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Miyashiro, Saitama
3458501, Japan.
C3 Tohoku University; Tokyo University of the Arts
RP Seki, I (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, 2-1-1
Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
EM seki.ichiro@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; nagata@mtl.titech.ac.jp;
ayustet@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; tanabe@nit.ac.jp
RI 関, 一郎/C-4211-2015
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [19760457]; Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan;
Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [19760457] Funding Source: KAKEN
FX The present work was financially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Young
Scientists (B) No 19760457 from Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science (JSPS) and Research and Development project on Advanced Metallic
glasses, Inorganic Materials and Joining Technology (Advanced Materials
Development and Integration of Novel Structured Metallic and Inorganic
Materials) from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology (MEXT) of Japan.
CR Hino M., 2010, THERMODYNAMIC DATA S, P16
Kobayashi S., 1970, TETSU TO HAGANE, V56, P998
Kubaschewski O., 1982, IRON BINARY PHASE DI, P26
LUPIS CHP, 1983, CHEM THERMODYN, P255
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.75.11_2023
Ototani T., 1975, TETSU TO HAGANE, V61, P2167, DOI DOI
10.2355/TETSUTOHAGANE1955.61.9_2167
PRIGOGINE I, 1950, THERMODYNAMIQUE CHIM, P207
Seki I, 2008, STEEL RES INT, V79, P817, DOI 10.1002/srin.200806204
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2011
VL 51
IS 9
BP 1369
EP 1374
PG 6
GA 826YO
UT WOS:000295391700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HY
Li, JS
AF Tang, Hai-yan
Li, Jing-she
TI Thermodynamic analysis on the formation mechanism of
MgO•Al2O3 spinel type inclusions in casing steel
LA English
DT Article
DE magnesium-aluminum spinel; basicity; theoretical model; formation
mechanism
ID MASS-ACTION; SLAG MELTS; APPLICABILITY; LAW
AB MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel type inclusions in casing steel were analyzed by
scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The
results show that there are three forms. One is pure MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel,
another is the composite oxide of the Mg-Al-Ca-Si-O system, and the third is the
complex with oxide as a core covered by sulfide. The formation mechanisms were
studied. The influences of slag basicity and vacuum degree on the magnesium content
during the vacuum treatment of molten steel and furnace lining in molten steel were
calculated with the coexistence theory of slag structure. The results show that the
magnesium content increases with the increase in slag basicity and aluminum content
in molten steel, and decreases with the increase in CO partial pressure.
C1 [Tang, Hai-yan; Li, Jing-she] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Guo HJ, 2007, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V14, P204, DOI 10.1016/S1005-8850(07)60040-1
GUO HJ, 2007, CHIN J PROCESS ENG, V7, P45
Jian Z, 2004, RARE METALS, V23, P209
Joo H. P., 2005, METALL MATER TRANS B, V36, P495
Tang P, 2008, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V15, P5, DOI 10.1016/S1005-8850(08)60002-X
Yu C. M., 2005, J U SCI TECHNOL BE S, V27, P37
Zhang J, 2001, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V11, P778
ZHANG J, 2007, CALCULATING THERMODY, P390
ZHANG J, 1992, P 4 INT C MOLT SLAGS, P244
ZHANG J, 1992, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V14, P496
Zhang J., 2001, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V14, P177
Zhang JA, 2002, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V9, P90
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD FEB
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 1
BP 32
EP 38
DI 10.1007/s12613-010-0106-1
PG 7
Mineral Processing
GA 549NU
UT WOS:000274059300006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, PS
Min, BY
Choi, WK
Jung, CH
Oh, WZ
Park, JH
AF Song, PS
Min, BY
Choi, WK
Jung, CH
Oh, WZ
Park, JH
TI Melting characteristics of metal wastes in an electric arc furnace
LA English
DT Article
DE metal melting; nuclide distribution; arc furnace; basicity index
AB The distribution of radioactive nuclides, such as cobalt, cesium, and strontium,
has been investigated in a lab-scale d. c. arc furnace. The slag former for the
melting of the stainless steel and carbon steel was based on the constituents of
silica (SiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), borate (B2O3), and
calcium fluoride (CaF2). Especially, the calcium fluoride and the ferric oxide were
added to increase the slag fluidity and the oxidative potential, respectively. In
the melting of the stainless steel, the degree of slag formation increased upon
increasing of the concentration of the slag former. The effects of the slag
basicity on the amount of slag formation showed, however, a local maximum value of
the slag formation with an increase of the basicity index in the melting of the
stainless steel as well as in the melting of the carbon steel. With an increase in
the amount of slag former addition, the trends of the cobalt distribution into the
ingot and the slag depended on the kind of slag former used in the melting of the
stainless steel, while the effect of the slag basicity on the distribution of the
cobalt was not clarified in the melting of carbon steel. In the melting of the
stainless steel, only 20% of the strontium remained in the slag phase, and it was
barely present in the ingot. In the melting of the carbon steel, however, strontium
was captured at up to 50% into the slag phase. Cesium was completely eliminated
from the melt of the stainless steel, as well as the carbon steel, and was
distributed to the dust phase.
C1 Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
Chungnam Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea.
C3 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI); Chungnam National
University
RP Song, PS (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, POB 150, Taejon
EM pssong@kaeri.re.kr
CR ADAMS V, 2000, SAFEWASTE 2000, V1, P115
Buckentin J.M., 1996, 960902 SAND, V96 -0902
Choi W.K., 2004, KAERIAR7162004
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GRABENER KH, 1993, P TECHN SEM MELT REC, P209
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JOANNA MB, 1998, 960902 SAND
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REIMANN GA, 1992, EGGWTD10056 ID NAT E
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UDA T, 1986, NUCL TECHNOL, V73, P109, DOI 10.13182/NT86-A16207
WORCESTER SA, 1996, INEL960146
NR 18
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU KOREAN SOC INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
PI SEOUL
PA A-803 TWIN BLDG, 275-3, YANGJAE-DONG, SEOCHO-KU, SEOUL 137-130, SOUTH
KOREA
SN 1226-086X
J9 J IND ENG CHEM
PD MAR
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 2
BP 248
EP 254
PG 7
GA 026LG
UT WOS:000236339800011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hemanth, J
AF Hemanth, J
TI Compressive strength and microstructural properties of lightweight
high-strength cement mortar reinforced with eloxal
SO MATERIALS & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE composite; eloxal; cement mortar; compressive; dispersoid
AB An investigation was carried out to evaluate the results of the compressive
strength of high-strength lightweight eloxal reinforced cement mortar subject to
short term loads. An experimental method similar to the one proposed by the author
on chilled aluminum-quartz reinforced metal matrix composite was used. Eloxal (in
the solid slag form) is a waste obtained during the production of aluminum in the
plant. It is mainly of aluminum oxide, SiO2, CaO. MgO and other substances. It is a
hard substance, having sufficient strength with additive properties and bonds very
rapidly. Eloxal reinforced cement mortar in the present investigation are tested
for its compressive and microstructural behavior. Data were obtained pertaining to
compressive strength, role of moisture and drying effects. Deformation under
compressive load were studied to provide insight into the internal behavior and
failure mechanism of lightweight eloxal reinforced cement mortar. To analyze the
mode of failure under compression, distribution of eloxal particles in cement
mortar and the deformation behavior, several optical and scanning electron
microscope photographs were taken to study the mechanism. Results of the tests of
eloxal reinforced cement mortar are compared with unreinforced cement mortar and
information obtained else where in earlier tests of normal weight cement mortar.
Structural composite materials offer an excellent opportunity to produce components
that achieve weight savings and improved properties. The eloxal particles
(dispersoid) added to cement mortar in the present investigation is varied from 20
to 40 wt% in steps of 10 wt%. The resulting composite blocks cast were tested for
their properties. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Siddaganga Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Tumkur 572103, Karnataka, India.
C3 Siddaganga Institute of Technology
RP Hemanth, J (corresponding author), Siddaganga Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn,
Tumkur 572103, Karnataka, India.
EM joelhemanth@hotmail.com
CR [Anonymous], 1958, ACI J P
Bloem DL, 1968, ACI J P, V65, P176
Carrasqillo RL, 1980, 801 CORN U DEP STRUC, P254
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FLOYD OS, 1986, ACI J, V83, P606
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KARR PH, 1978, INT S CONCR CONCR ST, P161
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10.14359/11495]
KLUGE RH, 1949, ACI J, V45, P625
LABOSSIER P, 1994, P C WORKSH REP REH I, P153
MARTINEZ S, 1982, SHORT TERM MECH PROP, P98
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MURTHY AS, 1999, IS 25 CAST METALS HD, P202
Nanni A., 1993, ACI SPEC PUBL, V138, P193
Nelson G.H., 1958, ACI J P, V54, P605
PFEIFER DW, 1969, P ASCE, V95, P57
PIASTA J, 1989, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V19, P103, DOI 10.1016/0008-8846(89)90070-7
PIHLAJAVAARA SE, 1964, 76 STAT I TECHN RES, P44
PIHLAJAVAARA SE, 1965, PUBLICATION STATE I, V100, P142
PIHLAJAVAARA SE, 1963, 74 STAT I TECHN RES, P110
SCIAN AN, 1991, ACI J, V51, P51
Shideler J.J., 1957, ACI J P, V54, P299, DOI [10.14359/11441, DOI
10.14359/11441]
Spratt B.H., 1974, CEMENT CEMENT MORTAR, V22, P57
TOUTANJI H, 1978, ACI J, V78, P786
WANG PT, 1978, ACI J, V75, P603
Wilson C., 1954, CEMENT MORTAR, V62, P5
WISCHERS G, 1974, LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGAT, P78
1981, CONCRETE MANUAL, P627
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0261-3069
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PY 2006
VL 27
IS 8
BP 657
EP 664
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.12.007
PG 8
GA 036MF
UT WOS:000237074500005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Harada, H
Takaoka, M
Oshita, K
Takeda, N
Matsumoto, T
AF Harada, H
Takaoka, M
Oshita, K
Takeda, N
Matsumoto, T
TI Ash-melting process utilizing thermite reaction between chromium
electroplating sludge and aluminum dross
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE thermite reaction; chromium electroplating sludge; aluminum dross;
municipal solid waste incineration ash; detoxification
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-PROTECTION
AB The aim of this work is to evaluate the possible application of the thermite
reaction to the melting process of the municipal solid waste incineration ash (MSWI
ash). The thermite agent was produced by mixing calcined chromium electroplating
sludge with aluminum dross in appropriate stoichiometric proportions and then
forming the mix into variously sized balls. The effect of size of the ball on the
amount of melted MSWI ash, aggregation of metallic substances in the slag, and the
level of environmental safety of generated slag were investigated. The reaction was
initiated by heating a mix of single thermite ball and MSWI ash in a muffle
furnace, and generated molten slag. The amount of MSWI ash increased with the
weight of the thermite balls linearly, and its ratio was from 2.0 to 2.4.
Comparative elution tests of untreated MSWI ash, MSWI slag, and thermite-derived
slag show the environmental benefits of this type of approach. This paper presents
the feasibility of ash melting process with thermite agent, the maximum amount of
MSWI ash melted by one thermite ball, and the environmental benefits. Mixing a
thermite agent with MSWI ash as an exothermic agent enhances the efficiency of the
melting process, alleviates the energy consumption, and can be used to conventional
melting techniques.
C1 Kyoto Univ, Dept Urban & Environm Engn, Grad Sch Engn, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501,
Japan.
C3 Kyoto University
RP Takaoka, M (corresponding author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Urban & Environm Engn, Grad
Sch Engn, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
EM takaoka@epsehost.env.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI masaki, takaoka/ABD-5501-2022
OI masaki, takaoka/0000-0002-6088-8326
CR Espinosa DCR, 2001, WASTE MANAGE, V21, P405, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(00)00056-8
Kallio M, 2000, J MATER SYNTH PROCES, V8, P87, DOI 10.1023/A:1026569903155
Levin E. M., 1969, PHASE DIAGRAMS CERAM, P219
MERZHANOV AG, 1995, CERAM INT, V21, P371, DOI 10.1016/0272-8842(95)96211-7
Miyamoto Y, 2003, CURR OPIN SOLID ST M, V7, P241, DOI
10.1016/j.cossms.2003.09.003
Orrù R, 2003, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V10, P385, DOI 10.1065/espr2001.12.104.9
Orrù R, 1999, CHEM ENG SCI, V54, P3053, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00005-6
Peng CH, 2004, MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID, V107, P295, DOI 10.1016/j.mseb.2003.12.004
Sakai S, 2000, WASTE MANAGE, V20, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00315-3
Sannia M, 2001, IND ENG CHEM RES, V40, P801, DOI 10.1021/ie000476r
Tubalov NP, 2003, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V44, P343, DOI
10.1023/B:REFR.0000009043.78164.86
WANG LL, 1993, J MATER SCI, V28, P3693, DOI 10.1007/BF00353167
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 23
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1092-8758
EI 1557-9018
J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI
JI Environ. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2005
VL 22
IS 6
BP 716
EP 724
DI 10.1089/ees.2005.22.716
PG 9
GA 979SF
UT WOS:000232964400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
AF Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
BE Crepeau, PN
TI A finite element computational fluid dynamics sensitivity analysis for
the conceptual design of a carbothermic aluminium reactor
SE Light Metals
LA English
CY MAR 02-06, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
ID REDUCTION
AB The inherent complexity of numerous industrial processes in the metallurgical
industry poses formidable technical challenges for modeling, design and simulation:
consequently, it is exceptionally difficult not only to optimize the operation of
traditional plants without extensive experimentation, but also to model and analyze
the feasibility and profitability of various novel designs proposed. Most
metallurgical unit operations encompass a wide spectrum of phenomena (convection,
diffusion, reaction, external field effects) that often occur simultaneously in
multiphase configurations. Accurate modeling of complex distributed chemical
processes entails the use of partial differential equation (PDE) descriptions which
can now be routinely handled using commercial solvers; an attractive feature of the
latter is a potential to handle combinations of diverse physical phenomena that
occur in complex processes and yield highly coupled nonlinear PDE mathematical
models. Thus, detailed steady state simulations of metallurgical processes can be
obtained via advanced interactive software environments. A steady state sensitivity
analysis of state variable distributions (namely, potential, absolute temperature
and molten slag velocity) with respect to a key design variable (imposed electrode
voltage) is performed for a conceptual carbothermic reduction reactor proposed by
Johansen et al. (2000) for production of aluminium. Simultaneous solution of
charge, heat and momentum balances on a suitably simplified two-dimensional
computational domain representing a section of this reactor is used to achieve the
goal of this work, which is to study trends important in efficient design. The
major conclusion of the present CFD sensitivity study is that the voltage imposed
on the horizontal heating electrode pairs affects the interplay between heat
conduction and convection, thus the topography and uniformity of the temperature
distribution. The electrode voltage has been qualitatively proved to govern the
location and size of high-temperature regions in the reactor, thus affecting the
advance of the quite endothermic carbothermic reduction reaction as well as the per
volume reactor productivity. Therefore, electrode voltage is a crucial reactor
design parameter that can also be used very conveniently as a manipulation variable
for the efficient operation and control of a carbothermic reactor.
RP Gerogiorgis, DI (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn,
CR *AL ASS, 2002, AL SIT
[Anonymous], 1983, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROP
Austin GT, 1984, SHREVES CHEM PROCESS
Bauer M, 1999, CHEM ENG SCI, V54, P5109, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00264-X
Bermingham SK, 1998, COMPUT CHEM ENG, V22, pS355, DOI 10.1016/S0098-
1354(98)00075-1
Bezzo F, 2000, COMPUT CHEM ENG, V24, P653, DOI 10.1016/S0098-1354(00)00372-0
Burkin AR, 1987, PRODUCTION ALUMINIUM
*COMSOL, 2002, FEMLAB 2 3 REF MAN
*CRCT, 2001, FACTSAGE REF MAN
CROSS M, 2002, COMPUTATIONAL MODELI
DEGTEROV S, 1999, TC984807 TC ALCOA
ELKADDAH N, 1999, FLUID FLOW PHENOMENA
FRANK RA, 1989, METALL TRANS B, V20, P161, DOI 10.1007/BF02825597
FRANK RA, 1989, THESIS MIT
Garcia-Osorio V, 2001, LIGHT MET, P227
PROCESSING, P273
Gleiser M., 1963, THERMOCHEMISTRY STEE
JOHANSEN K, 2000, P 6 INT C MOLT SLAGS
KEENE BJ, 1995, SLAG ATLAS, pCH8
KIBBY RM, 1987, LIGHT METALS 1987, P263
Krag P.W, 1988, THESIS COLORADO SCH
KUSIK CL, 1990, LIGHT METALS 1990, P1021
PANTELIDES CC, 2001, P ESCAPE 11 KOLD DEN
QUI C, 1995, Z METALLKD, V86, P198
Ranade V. V., 2002, ComputationAl Flow Modeling For Chemical Reactor Engineering
SAAVEDRA AF, 1983, 216052F2420177 REYN
STROUP PT, 1964, T METALL SOC AIME, V230, P356
URBAN Z, 1999, CHEMP 99 DUSS GERM
VOLLER VR, 1995, MAT PROCESSING COMPU, V2
VOLLER VR, 2000, MAT PROCESSING COMPU, V3
ZIENKEWICZ OC, 2000, FINITE ELEMENT METHO, V1
NR 38
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-531-X
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2003
BP 407
EP 414
PG 8
Engineering
GA BW64R
UT WOS:000182684700060
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, PR
Wang, W
AF Taylor, PR
Wang, W
TI A laboratory investigation of the reduction of chromium oxide by a
reverse-polarity DC plasma-driven molten oxide electrolysis process
SO PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE DC plasma; chromium; molten oxides; electrolysis; slags; chromic oxide
ID CARBON; SLAG
AB A method for producing chromium metal/chromium alloys using a reverse-polarity
DC plasma-driven molten oxide electrolysis process was investigated. A laboratory-
scale 50 kW DC plasma-crucible system was designed and built to investigate the
feasibility of this process. Experiments on molten oxide electrolysis were
successfully conducted to produce chromium metal from chromic oxide. Two starting
slag systems, SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-Cr2O3-Na2O and SiO2-CaO-Cr2O3-Na2O, were used in this
study. It was found that in each case chromic oxide was successfully reduced to
metallic chromium. Aluminum was also reduced with the presence of alumina in the
starting slag. Small amounts of carbon monoxide gas were introduced to the
electrolysis system to study oxygen evolution rates from the plasma/slag interface.
For the SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-Cr2O3-Na2O system, the oxygen evolution rate showed a
maximum during the electrolysis process. For the SiO2-CaO-Cr2O3-Na2O system, the
oxygen evolution rates displayed a declining trend with processing time. These two
reduction behaviors were apparently controlled by different mechanisms. The
significance of this process is that it might be used to produce carbon-free
chromium metal/chromium alloys without carbon containing reducing agent and since
no carbon based reactants are used for heating or reduction there are no carbon
dioxide emissions.
C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
C3 University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville
RP Taylor, PR (corresponding author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 434
Dougherty Engn Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
CR CHASE MW, 1998, NIST JANAF THERMOC 1, P158
CHASE MW, 1998, NIST JANAF THERMOC 2, P973
Ding YL, 1997, SCAND J METALL, V26, P55
DONAHUE RJ, 1990, Patent No. 4964973
Feinman J, 1987, Plasma technology in metallurgical processing
FORD WF, 1949, BRIT CERAM T, V48, P423
LARSON HR, 1998, JOM, V9, P56
NELSON LR, 1996, J S AFR I MIN METALL, P135
PEI WG, 1994, SCAND J METALL, V23, P228
Pfender E, 1999, PLASMA CHEM PLASMA P, V19, P1, DOI 10.1023/A:1021899731587
Taylor PR, 2001, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V53, P25, DOI 10.1007/s11837-001-0158-9
WANG WM, 2000, THESIS U IDAHO
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 6
PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL
PI NEW YORK
SN 0272-4324
J9 PLASMA CHEM PLASMA P
JI Plasma Chem. Plasma Process.
PD SEP
PY 2002
VL 22
IS 3
BP 387
EP 400
DI 10.1023/A:1015317116090
PG 14
WC Engineering, Chemical; Physics, Applied; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 548AY
UT WOS:000175366800004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
Seetharaman, SS
AF Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
Seetharaman, SS
BE Cross, M
Evans, JW
Bailey, C
TI A steady state electrothermic simulation analysis of a carbothermic
reduction reactor for the production of aluminium
SO COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF MATERIALS, MINERALS AND METALS PROCESSING
LA English
CT Conference on Computational Modeling of Materials, Minerals and Metals
Processing
CY SEP 23-26, 2001
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
AB Carbothermic production of aluminium is an important alternative to electrolytic
processes and has in fact been identified several decades ago as a potentially
feasible and profitable process. The cornerstone principle is to take advantage of
the endothermic reduction reaction between carbon and alumina instead of resorting
to extreme amounts of electric energy to ionize and reduce aluminium oxide to
aluminium. Electric energy is necessary only for heating purposes.
The present study focuses on constructing and solving a steady-state
electrothermic model for obtaining the spatial distributions for electric
potential, electric field intensity and temperature. The complex issues of reaction
kinetics and multiphase flow are handled by an approximation and are not addressed
at the present stage, due to the lack of complete validated models. Because of its
inherent complexity, the reaction slag is considered a pseudohomogeneous layer.
An electrothermic simulation encompasses important research challenges, due to
the limited knowledge of thermophysical properties for high-temperature
multicomponent molten slags. Therefore, thermophysical property modeling and a
systematic compilation of published data is a necessary and major first step
towards enhancing understanding of the process fundamentals. Models are obtained by
analyzing measurement data from numerous literature references for the density,
viscosity, thermal and electrical conductivity and specific heat capacity of the
slag.
The electric potential, field intensity and temperature distributions obtained
reveal interesting maxima which indicate localized superheating and lead to
important engineering conclusions. The temperature profile calculated will serve as
the foundation for the flow problem solution. This computational study will form a
basis for future research towards combining the scopes of microscale CFD modeling
and mesoscale process modeling into a unified modeling approach.
CR [Anonymous], 1983, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROP
Austin GT, 1984, SHREVES CHEM PROCESS
Burkin AR, 1987, PRODUCTION ALUMINIUM
DEGTEROV S, 1999, TC984807
DEUFLHARD P, 1974, NUMER MATH, V22, P289, DOI 10.1007/BF01406969
ELKADDAH N, 1999, P C FLUID FLOW PHEN
FRANK RA, 1989, THESIS MIT
IIDA T, 1988, PROPERTIES LIQUID ME
ITATANI K, 1995, J AM CERAM SOC, V78, P801, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1995.tb08250.x
Krag P.W, 1988, THESIS COLORADO SCH
Lynch J. F., 1966, Engineering properties of selected ceramic materials
QUI C, 1995, Z METALLKD, V86, P198
RUSSELL AS, 1981, METALL TRANS B, V12, P203, DOI 10.1007/BF02654453
SAAVEDRA AF, 1983, 420177 TIC
Susa M.., 1995, SLAG ATLAS
VOLLER VR, 2000, P C MAT PROC COMP AG
[No title captured]
1998, MAKING SHAPING TREAT
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-513-1
PY 2001
BP 273
EP 282
PG 10
WC Mathematics, Applied; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials
Science, Coatings & Films
SC Mathematics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA BT68C
UT WOS:000173723300024
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Brabie, V
AF Brabie, V
TI The reaction of carbon monoxide in aluminum deoxidized molten steel
LA English
CT 7th International Conference on Refining Processes
CY JUN 07-08, 1995
CL LULEA, SWEDEN
DE reoxidation; inclusions; refractory; low carbon steel
ID LIQUID-IRON; OXYGEN; CO
AB Background/aims: Many refractory materials contain carbon to improve resistance
to slag infiltration and chemical attack. Even such lining can be a source of
oxygen due to the formation of a reaction zone at the steel/refractory interface,
where reduction of MgO, forming carbon monoxide and magnesium vapor, will take
place. The carbon monoxide diffuses via pores to the steel side, where it reacts
with the steel to soluble oxygen and carbon. Both diffuse into the melt, where the
oxygen reacts with aluminum to form Al2O3 or MgO-Al2O3 inclusions. In the present
study, an attempt is made to provide independent information on the possibility of
CO absorption and precipitation of inclusions in the molten steel, when aluminum
deoxidized molten steel is in contact with CO atmosphere formed as a result of MgO
reduction by carbon during ladle refining.
Methods: The experiments were performed by droplets of aluminum deoxidized steel
levitated in CO-He atmosphere with different carbon monoxide partial pressures and
flow rates.
Results and conclusions: The absorption of carbon monoxide by aluminum
deoxidized steel is shown to occur in two stages: a first stage of rapid absorption
where the volume absorbed is dependent on the pressure and flow rate of carbon
monoxide; a second stage of absorption at a much lower rate in the presence of an
alumina film covering the melt. From optical and SEM analyses of droplets of
aluminum deoxidized steel it has been observed that at low aluminum content in the
molten steel the film formed on the surface is very compact which can prevent the
diffusion of carbon monoxide. At higher aluminum contents in the molten steel, the
film could easier be crushed by the bulk motion and entrapped into the molten steel
and as a results the oxide inclusions can be formed.
RP Brabie, V (corresponding author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT MET,S-10044
STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
RI brabie, voicu/AAY-3195-2021
OI brabie, voicu/0000-0002-5399-4163
CR [Anonymous], 1983, PRINCIPLES EXTRACTIV
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DISTIN P.A.O., 1968, J IRON STEEL I, P821
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ELKADDAH NH, 1977, METALL TRANS B, V8, P569, DOI 10.1007/BF02658624
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NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PI COPENHAGEN
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
PD AUG
PY 1996
VL 25
IS 4
BP 148
EP 160
PG 13
GA WN102
UT WOS:A1996WN10200002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sambamurthi, JK
Alvarado, A
Mathias, EC
AF Sambamurthi, JK
Alvarado, A
Mathias, EC
TI Correlation of slag expulsion with ballistic anomalies in shuttle solid
rocket motors
SO JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
LA English
CT AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE 31st Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit
CY JUL 10-12, 1995
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
AB During the Shuttle launches, the solid rocket motors (SRM) occasionally
experience pressure perturbations (8-13 psi) between 65-75 s into the motor burn
time. The magnitudes of these perturbations are very small in comparison with the
operating motor chamber pressure, which is over 600 psi during this time frame,
These SRM pressure perturbations are believed to be caused primarily by the
expulsion of slag (aluminum oxide), Two SRM static tests, TEM-11 and FSM-4, were
instrumented extensively for the study of the phenomena associated with pressure
perturbations, The test instrumentation used included nonintrusive optical and
infrared diagnostics of the plume, such as high-speed photography, radiometers, and
thermal image cameras, Results from all of these nonintrusive observations provide
substantial circumstantial evidence to support the scenario that the pressure
perturbation event in the Shuttle SRM is caused primarily by the expulsion of
molten slag, In the static motor tests, the slag was also expelled preferentially
near the bottom of the nestle because of slag accumulation st the bottom of the aft
end of the horizontally oriented motor.
C1 THIKOL CORP, BRIGHAM CITY, UT 84302 USA.
RP Sambamurthi, JK (corresponding author), NASA, GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT
CTR, HUNTSVILLE, AL 35812 USA.
CR BRENNAN MT, 1995, TWR66133
HEISTER S, 1985, 851303 AIAA
HOPSON C, 1995, 952725 AIAA
JOHNSTON WA, 1994, 943287 AIAA
KETNER D, 1994, LARG SOL ROCK ADV TH
LOVINE RL, 1985, AIAA J, V23, P416, DOI 10.2514/3.8929
MURDOCK JW, 1986, J PROPUL POWER, V2, P117, DOI 10.2514/3.22854
NELSON HF, 1992, J THERMOPHYS HEAT TR, V6, P556, DOI 10.2514/3.400
ROGERSON JD, 1995, 952727 AIAA
SALITA M, 1995, J PROPUL POWER, V11, P10, DOI 10.2514/3.23835
SCHORR AA, 1995, 952722 AIAA
WHITESIDES RH, 1994, LARG SOL ROCK ADV TH
WHITESIDES RH, 1995, 952724 AIAA
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0748-4658
EI 1533-3876
J9 J PROPUL POWER
JI J. Propul. Power
PD JUL-AUG
PY 1996
VL 12
IS 4
BP 625
EP 631
DI 10.2514/3.24082
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA UX580
UT WOS:A1996UX58000001
OA Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pang, ZD
Jiang, YY
Ling, JW
Lü, XW
Yan, ZM
AF Pang, Zhengde
Jiang, Yuyang
Ling, Jiawei
Lu, Xuewei
Yan, Zhiming
TI Blast furnace ironmaking process with super high TiO2 in the
slag: Density and surface tension of the slag
LA English
DT Article
DE vanadium titanomagnetite; density; surface tension; iso-surface tension
lines
ID SILICATE MELTS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CAO-SIO2-FEO SLAGS; MOLTEN SLAG;
VISCOSITY; RECOVERY; TITANIUM; REDUCTION; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Aiming at the process of smelting ultra-high (>80%) or even full vanadium
titanomagnetite in blast furnace, we are conducting a series of works on physics
character of high TiO2 bearing blast furnace slag (BFS) for slag optimization. This
work discussed the density and surface tension of high TiO2 bearing BFS using the
Archimedean principle and the maximum bubble pressure method, respectively. The
influence of TiO2 content and the MgO/CaO mass ratio on the density and surface
tension of CaO-SiO2-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slags were investigated. Results indicated that
the density of slags decreased with the TiO2 content increasing from 20wt% to 30wt
%, but it increased slightly with the MgO/CaO mass ratio increasing from 0.32 to
0.73. In view of silicate network structure, the density and the degree of
polymerization (DOP) of network structure have a consistent trend. The addition of
TiO2 reduced (Q(3))(2)/(Q(2)) ratio (Q(2) and Q(3) represent structural unit with
bridge oxygen number of 2 and 3, respectively) and then decreased DOP, which led to
the decrease of slag density. The surface tension of CaO-SiO2-TiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slags
decreased dramatically with the TiO2 content increasing from 20wt% to 30wt%.
Conversely, it increased with the MgO/CaO mass ratio increasing from 0.32 to 0.73.
Furthermore, the iso-surface tension lines were obtained under 1723 K using the
Tanaka developed model in view of Butler formula. It may be useful for slag
optimization of ultra-high proportion (>80%) or even full vanadium titanomagnetite
under BF smelting.
C1 [Pang, Zhengde; Jiang, Yuyang; Ling, Jiawei; Lu, Xuewei] Chongqing Univ,
China.
[Pang, Zhengde; Jiang, Yuyang; Ling, Jiawei; Lu, Xuewei] Chongqing Univ, Coll
[Yan, Zhiming] Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
C3 Chongqing University; Chongqing University; University of Warwick
RP Lü, XW (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium
Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.; Lü, XW (corresponding
author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R China.;
Yan, ZM (corresponding author), Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands,
England.
EM lvxuewei@cqu.edu.cn; zhiming.yan@warwick.ac.uk
RI jiang, yu/HGU-0029-2022; LI, XIAO/JCE-6169-2023; Yan,
Zhiming/AAD-7788-2022; Li, Jiaai/JCO-0168-2023
OI Yan, Zhiming/0000-0002-6061-4077;
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1900500]; Key Fund of Natural
Science [51974048]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of
China (No. 2018YFC1900500) and the Key Fund of Natural Science (No.
51974048).
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NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 29
IS 6
BP 1170
EP 1178
DI 10.1007/s12613-021-2262-x
PG 9
Mineral Processing
GA 1N9CM
UT WOS:000800944400004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, MM
Abadir, MF
Yousef, A
El-Naggar, KAM
AF Ahmed, M. M.
Abadir, M. F.
Yousef, Ayman
El-Naggar, K. A. M.
TI The use of aluminum slag waste in the preparation of roof tiles
SO MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE clay roof tiles; aluminum slag; cold water absorption; saturation
coefficient; mechanical strength
ID CLAY
AB Abtract Aluminum slag waste generated from the smelting process of bauxite was
used to prepare roof tiles samples. Clay was substituted by slag waste in
percentages reaching 40% in the basic mix and the plasticity of the obtained mud
was determined. This was followed by pressing the mud in steel molds and drying.
The effect of waste addition on drying shrinkage was subsequently assessed. Firing
of the green bodies was carried out at three temperatures (900, 1000 and 1100
degrees C) and hour soaking at each temperature. Fired roof tile properties
improved on increasing the percentage of alumina sludge and firing temperature
possibly because of the presence of high amounts of fluxing oxides in aluminum
slag. This caused a drop in porosity that increased the mechanical strength of
tiles. The results showed that the substitution of clay by 40% waste and firing at
1100 degrees C resulted in products conforming to ASTM C-1167 for clay type roof
tiles. Cold water absorption dropped to 12%, below the maximum permissible limit of
15%, the value of Saturation Coefficient was 0.83, below the 0.86 limit and the
obtained breaking strength of 3370N significantly exceeded the minimum requirement
of 890N.
C1 [Ahmed, M. M.; Yousef, Ayman] Helwan Univ, Dept Math & Phys Engn, Fac Engn
Mataria, Cairo 11718, Egypt.
[Abadir, M. F.] Cairo Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Fac Engn, Cairo, Egypt.
[El-Naggar, K. A. M.] Egyptian Acad Engn & Adv Technol, Dept Chem Engn, Cairo,
Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Helwan University; Egyptian Knowledge
Bank (EKB); Cairo University
RP Ahmed, MM (corresponding author), Helwan Univ, Dept Math & Phys Engn, Fac Engn
Mataria, Cairo 11718, Egypt.
EM marwa_elnagar77@yahoo.com; aymanyousef84@gmail.com
RI Abadir, Magdi/CAF-7087-2022; Yousef, Ayman/S-2025-2017
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NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 14
PU IOP Publishing Ltd
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
EI 2053-1591
J9 MATER RES EXPRESS
JI Mater. Res. Express
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 8
IS 12
AR 125501
DI 10.1088/2053-1591/ac3bf7
PG 14
GA XH2AB
UT WOS:000725241800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kudyba, A
Akhtar, S
Johansen, I
Safarian, J
AF Kudyba, Artur
Akhtar, Shahid
Johansen, Inge
Safarian, Jafar
TI Valorization of Aluminum Dross with Copper via High Temperature Melting
to Produce Al-Cu Alloys
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al dross; wettability; white dross; contact angle; aluminum recovery;
sessile drop
ID MOLTEN ALUMINUM; INTERFACIAL REACTIONS; WETTABILITY; LIQUID; MECHANISM;
SUBSTRATE; GRAPHITE; RECOVERY; MG
AB The valorization of aluminum dross for Al recovery was performed via its mixing
with metallic copper to produce Al-Cu alloys. This approach was with the intention
of establishing a new smelting process to treat the dross with Cu scrap use. To
evaluate the high temperature interaction of the materials, the wettability of a
Cu-containing aluminum alloy with the non-metallic components of the dross was
studied by the sessile drop method. It was found that the wetting was weak via
temperature changes at 973-1373 K, and consequently no proper metal separation
occurred. To better separate the metallic and non-metallic phases with larger
density differences, a higher Cu portion was considered to obtain a significantly
denser metallic phase, and it was found that partial separation of the Al in an Al-
Cu alloy is possible. The complete separation of the metallic components of the
dross was, however, experienced by the dross and copper melting with the addition
of pre-melted calcium aluminate slags at elevated temperatures. It was found that
Al-Cu alloys were produced and separated from the adjacent slags, and the aluminum
oxide of the dross ended up in the slag phase. Moreover, the characteristics of the
produced slags depend on the process charge.
[Akhtar, Shahid; Johansen, Inge] Hydro Aluminum, Romsdalsvegen 1, N-6600
Sunndalsora, Norway.
Sci & Engn, Alfred Getz Vei 2, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
EM artur.kudyba@ntnu.no; shahid.akhtar@hydro.com; inge.johansen@hydro.com;
jafar.safarian@ntnu.no
OI Kudyba, Artur/0000-0003-3065-7778
10.11648/J.AM.20140302.11]
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NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 17
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 15
AR 4117
DI 10.3390/ma14154117
PG 18
Physics
GA TW0AQ
UT WOS:000682074900001
PM 34361311
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vafeias, M
Bempelou, A
Georgala, E
Davris, P
Balomenos, E
Panias, D
AF Vafeias, Michail
Bempelou, Amalia
Georgala, Eirini
Davris, Panagiotis
Balomenos, Efthymios
Panias, Dimitrios
TI Leaching of Ca-Rich Slags Produced from Reductive Smelting of Bauxite
Residue with Na2CO3 Solutions for Alumina
Extraction: Lab and Pilot Scale Experiments
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE bauxite residue; red mud; slag valorization; alumina; leaching;
zero-waste; calcium aluminates
ID LIME-SINTER PROCESS; RED MUD; RARE-EARTHS; RECOVERY; HYDRATION; METALS
AB Sustainable utilization of Bauxite Residue (BR) is currently one of the greatest
challenges being tackled by the alumina industry, due to its high production rates
and limited reuse options. The present work is concerned with the use of BR as a
candidate metallurgical raw material for iron (Fe) production and aluminum (Al)
extraction. In more detail, at first, BR undergoes reductive smelting to extract
its Fe content and produce a slag of mainly calcium aluminate composition. In a
second step, Al contained in the calcium aluminate phases is extracted
hydrometallurgically by leaching with a Na2CO3 aqueous solution. The focus of the
current study is the optimization of this leaching process, and it was performed in
two stages. The first was a laboratory scale investigation on the main parameters
affecting the extraction rate of Al. The second stage was performed in pilot scale
and incorporated observations and suggestions based on the laboratory scale
investigation. Laboratory work showed that more than 50% of aluminum could be
easily extracted in less than 1 h, in 5% S/L, at 70 degrees C and with an 20%
excess of Na2CO3. Pilot scale work, by successfully applying the suggestions
derived from laboratory scale work, achieved an average Al extraction of 68% from a
10% S/L pulp, with a slag of optimized composition in relation to the one used in
the laboratory scale.
C1 [Vafeias, Michail; Bempelou, Amalia; Georgala, Eirini; Panias, Dimitrios] Natl
Tech Univ Athens, Sch Min & Met Engn, Athens 15780, Greece.
[Davris, Panagiotis; Balomenos, Efthymios] MYTILINEOS SA, Met Business Unit, Ag
Nikolaos 32100, Viotia, Greece.
RP Vafeias, M (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Min & Met Engn,
Athens 15780, Greece.
EM michalisvafeias@mail.ntua.gr; amaliampempelou@gmail.com;
irinigeorgala@gmail.com; panagiotis.davris@alhellas.gr;
efthymios.balomenos-external@alhellas.gr; panias@metal.ntua.gr
RI Balomenos, Efthymios/AAZ-2720-2021
OI Balomenos, Efthymios/0000-0001-8742-2692; Panias,
Dimitrios/0000-0002-0432-6900; Vafeias, Michail/0000-0002-2680-3499
FU European Community's Horizon2020 Programme REMOVAL [77646]
FX Research funded from European Community's Horizon2020 Programme REMOVAL
(H2020/2014-2020/No.77646). This publication reflects only the authors'
view, exempting the Community from any liability.
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NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 8
AR 896
DI 10.3390/min11080896
PG 24
GA UG7PU
UT WOS:000689440100001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, H
Li, XL
Wu, YG
AF Sun, Hang
Li, Xinlong
Wu, Yonggui
TI Effects of four woody plant species revegetation on habitat improvement
and the spatial distribution of arsenic and antimony in zinc smelting
slag
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Zinc smelting slag; phytostabilization; nutrients; As; Sb; distribution
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; HEAVY-METALS; MINE; SOIL; SPECIATION;
TAILINGS; NITROGEN; BIOAVAILABILITY; RHIZOSPHERE; SEDIMENTS
AB Broussonetia papyrifera, Cryptomeria fortunei, Arundo donax, and Robinia
pseudoacacia were planted on a zinc smelting slag site. The habitat conditions and
spatial distribution of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) in slag were analyzed after
seven years of restoration. The results showed that the pH, conductivity (EC), and
moisture content of phytoremediated slag were lower than those of the control slag.
The redox potential (Eh) and EC decreased with increasing slag depth.
Phytostabilization significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen (TN),
total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and
dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in slag. TN, AN, AP, and DOC in slag showed obvious
surface polymerization. Phytostabilization increased the content of calcite and
gypsum in the slag. As and Sb concentrations were significantly lower than control
slag, with an average decrease of 651-844 and 422-693 mg center dot kg (-1),
respectively. Residual As and Sb in phytoremediated slag was the most present form,
the proportion of which was higher than that in the control slag. The proportions
of calcium-bound and aluminum-bound As and Sb were lower. The contents of arsenic
and antimony in plants had lower levels and followed the order of roots > leaves >
stems. As and Sb showed a strong positive correlation with pH, EC, moisture
content, and a negative correlation with TN, TP, AN, AP, and DOC. In summary,
phytostabilization significantly improved slag site conditions and reduce As and Sb
available concentrations. Novelty statement Co-contamination of As and Sb is common
in mining areas because of similar chemical properties. There are only few reports
on the effects of matrix modification and phytoremediation (without additional soil
cover) on the soil physicochemical properties, the spatial distribution, and the
bioavailability of As and Sb in zinc slag with an alkaline pH. The research
determined that phytostabilization significantly improved slag site conditions and
reduce As and Sb available concentrations. The results obtained can be used as
necessary information for the large-scale ecological restoration or vegetation
reconstruction of zinc smelting slag yards.
C1 [Sun, Hang; Li, Xinlong; Wu, Yonggui] Guizhou Univ, Coll Resource & Environm
Engn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Yonggui] Guizhou Univ, Inst Appl Ecol, Guiyang, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Yonggui] Minist Educ, Guizhou Kast Environm Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn,
Guiyang, Peoples R China.
C3 Guizhou University; Guizhou University
RP Wu, YG (corresponding author), Guizhou Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Engn,
Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.
EM ygwu72@126.com
FU United Fund of Guizhou Province Government; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [U1612442, 41663009]; First-Class Ecology Discipline
in Guizhou Province [GNYL]
FX This study was funded by grants from the United Fund of Guizhou Province
Government, the National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1612442],
the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41663009], and the
First-Class Ecology Discipline in Guizhou Province [GNYL[2017]007].
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TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 32
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1522-6514
EI 1549-7879
J9 INT J PHYTOREMEDIAT
JI Int. J. Phytoremediat.
PD DEC 6
PY 2021
VL 23
IS 14
BP 1506
EP 1518
DI 10.1080/15226514.2021.1915954
EA MAY 2021
PG 13
GA WS3PL
UT WOS:000652791600001
PM 34019774
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xin, WB
Zhang, J
Deng, YC
Jiang, YJ
Wang, PY
AF Xin, Wenbin
Zhang, Jing
Deng, Yongchun
Jiang, Yinju
Wang, Pengyu
TI Effect of P2O5, CaF2 and Basicity on
the Viscosity and Structure of La2O3-Bearing
Calcium-Silicate-Aluminum Slag System
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE La2O3-bearing slag; Viscosity; P2O5; Basicity; FTIR and Raman
spectroscopy
ID RAMAN; CAO-SIO2; PHASE; EARTH; GLASS
AB The effects of the P2O5 and CaF2 contents and the basicity on the viscosity of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-La2O3 slag systems were investigated using the rotating cylinder
method during the continuous cooling process. The structural characteristics of the
quenched slag samples were clarified by Fourier transform infrared and Raman
spectroscopies. The results showed that the slag viscosity and break temperature
gradually increased with increasing P2O5 content from 0 and 2.5 to 5 wt% at each
basicity of 0.87, 1.0 or 1.17; meanwhile, the viscosity increased as the P2O5
content increased at a greater level at low basicity. The addition of CaF2
obviously reduced the viscosity and break temperature of slag. The increase in the
basicity from 0.87 and 1.0 to 1.17 decreased the viscosity of the slags under the
present composition range, but raised the break temperature. The maximum viscosity
reduction by the basicity occurred in the slag containing 5 wt% P2O5, while the
minimum occurred in the slag containing 5 wt% CaF2. P2O5 acted as a network former
in the molten slag and increased the polymerization of the silicate and phosphate
complex anions, corresponding to an increase in the slag viscosity. CaF2 played a
major role in the depolymerization of the silicate and phosphate complex anions in
this study.Kindly check and confirm the edit made in the title.The title was no
problem.
C1 [Xin, Wenbin; Zhang, Jing; Deng, Yongchun; Jiang, Yinju; Wang, Pengyu] Inner
Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Met & Mat, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, Peoples
R China.
C3 Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology
RP Jiang, YJ (corresponding author), Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Met &
Mat, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China.
EM jiangyinju3@126.com
FU Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region [NJYT-20-B27]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51804170]; Natural Science Foundation of Inner
Mongolia [2018LH05014, 2018LH05018]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the
Program for Young Talents of Science and Technology in Universities of
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Grant No. NJYT-20-B27), the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51804170) and the Natural
Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (Grant Nos. 2018LH05014 and
2018LH05018).
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PT J
AU Hong, NV
Ha, NTT
Hung, PK
Iitaka, T
AF Nguyen Van Hong
Nguyen Thi Thanh Ha
Pham Khac Hung
Iitaka, Toshiaki
TI Pressure-induced structural change of
CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 melt: Insight from
molecular dynamics simulation
SO MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Short-range order; Intermediate-range order; Network structure; Cluster;
Structural change
ID CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; RAMAN-SPECTRA; O-17; DEPENDENCE;
CAO-SIO2; DENSITY; SLAGS; UNITS; MAS; NMR
AB Short-range and intermediate-range order structures as well as network structure
of multicomponent oxide system (CaO-Al2O3-SiO2) under compression are investigated
by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The short-range order structure is
clarified via investigation of pair-radial distribution function (PRDF),
coordination number distribution and topology of TOx (T= Al, Si; x = 3, 4, 5, 6)
units. The intermediate-range order structure and -T-O- network structure are
clarified through investigation of distribution of OMy (M = Si, Al, Ca; y = 2, 3,
4, 5) linkages and T-O-T bond angles between adjacent TO,-units. The distribution
of bridging-oxygens (BO), nonbridging oxygens (NBO), and TOx-cluster size is also
investigated to clarify the degree of polymerization of -T-O-network under
compression. The pressure-induced structural change, incorporation mechanism of
Ca2+ cations into -T-O- network, aluminum avoidance as well as the compositional
and structural heterogeneities (microphase separation) in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 melt are
also discussed in detail.
C1 [Nguyen Van Hong; Nguyen Thi Thanh Ha; Pham Khac Hung] Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol,
Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Iitaka, Toshiaki] RIKEN, Computat Engn Applicat Unit, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
C3 Hanoi University of Science & Technology (HUST); RIKEN
RP Hong, NV (corresponding author), Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol, Hanoi, Vietnam.
EM hong.nguyenvan@hust.edu.vn
RI Iitaka, Toshiaki/GRJ-6733-2022
OI Iitaka, Toshiaki/0000-0002-7191-7516
FU Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development
(NAFOSTED) [103.05-2018.38]; MEXT
FX This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and
Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant number: 103.05-2018.38;
This research was supported by MEXT as "Exploratory Challenge on Post-K
computer" (Challenge of Basic Science Exploring Extremes through
Multi-Physics and Multi-Scale Simulations). The computation was
performed on the Hokusai supercomputer system of RIKEN.
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NR 46
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 29
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0254-0584
EI 1879-3312
J9 MATER CHEM PHYS
JI Mater. Chem. Phys.
PD OCT 1
PY 2019
VL 236
AR 121839
DI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.121839
PG 11
GA IW0IP
UT WOS:000484645900052
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fan, RD
Zhao, HZ
Zhang, H
Zhao, PD
Chen, JW
Wang, XH
AF Fan, Rundong
Zhao, Huizhong
Zhang, Han
Zhao, Pengda
Chen, Jianwei
Wang, Xianghui
TI Effect of partial substitution of alumina-chromium slag for
Al2O3 on microstructures and properties of
Al2O3-SiC-C trough castables
LA English
DT Article
DE Alumina-chromium slag; Substitution; Abrasion resistance; Oxidation
resistance; Slag resistance
AB Alumina-chromium slag (ACS), a cheap and abundant refractory raw material
comprising aluminum chromium oxides and beta-Al2O3, is a byproduct of ferrochrome
smelting. For this reason, we investigated the relationships between composition
and mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, oxidation resistance, and
resistance to iron slag erosion for Al2O3-SiC-C trough castables in which ACS was
substituted for alumina. Due to the presence of beta-Al2O3 in ACS, the aluminum-
chromium slag reacted with SiO2 to form a low-melting phase of albite and promoted
the formation of mullite, which filled the pores at high temperatures and reduced
the porosity, thereby promoting densification and strengthening of the sample. The
cold mechanical properties of the sample and the normal temperature wear resistance
were enhanced, but the high-temperature mechanical properties and the resistance to
iron slag corrosion of the sample were impaired. According to the results of the
anti-oxidation experiment, the presence of beta-Al2O3 in the ACS reduced the
porosity and made the sample more dense, which remarkably improved oxidation
resistance of the sample. For industrial production requirements, ACS substitution
should not exceed 48 wt% due to of thermomechanical properties and anti-slag
corrosion performance in Al2O3-SiC-C trough castables.
C1 [Fan, Rundong; Zhao, Huizhong; Zhang, Han; Zhao, Pengda; Chen, Jianwei; Wang,
Xianghui] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 43008,
EM wustzhz@163.com
FX This work was partially funded by Project 51804233 supported by National
Natural Science Foundation of China.
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NR 13
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD JUN 15
PY 2019
VL 45
IS 9
BP 11204
EP 11215
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.01.253
PG 12
GA HV8SI
UT WOS:000466253500006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Heo, JH
Yoo, JS
Chung, Y
Park, JH
AF Heo, Jung Ho
Yoo, Jun Soo
Chung, Yongsug
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Influence of Aluminum-Carbon Composite Pellets on FeO Reduction and Iron
Recovery from Electric Arc Furnace Slag
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; SMELTING SLAGS; SOLID CARBON; MOLTEN SLAG; EAF
SLAG; KINETICS; BEHAVIOR; OXIDE; MECHANISM; GRAPHITE
AB We investigated the effect of Al-C composite pellets (ACCP) on the reduction
behavior of FeO in electric arc furnace (EAF) slag and the iron recovery at
different n(Al)/(n(Al)+n(C)) at 1823K (1550 degrees C). A carbothermic reaction was
the dominant process at n(Al)/(n(Al)+n(C)) <0.4, whereas aluminothermic reduction
was the major process at n(Al)/(n(Al)+n(C)) >0.6; these observations are based on
the final content of FeO and Al2O3 in the molten slag. The aluminum and carbon
present in the ACCP competitively affected the reaction stoichiometry (i.e., the
material balance) between the production of CO+Al2O3 and the consumption of FeO.
Iron recovery increased up to a yield of approx. 90 pct as the n(Al)/(n(Al)+n(C))
ratio increased. Because Al in the ACCP readily reacts to reduce FeO in the molten
slag, iron recovery is proportional to the n(Al)/(n(Al)+n(C)) ratio. The
precipitation of solid compounds in the slag phase, such as monoxide ([Mg,Fe] O )
and spinel (MgO Al 2O3), occurred during FeO reduction; this was experimentally
confirmed as well as by thermochemical computation. Furthermore, we proposed a
schematic reaction mechanism in the present study.
Korea.
[Yoo, Jun Soo; Chung, Yongsug] Korea Polytech Univ, Dept Adv Mat Engn, Shihung
C3 Hanyang University; Korea Polytechnic University
RP Heo, JH (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Ansan 426791, South
Korea.; Chung, Y (corresponding author), Korea Polytech Univ, Dept Adv Mat Engn,
Shihung 429793, South Korea.
EM basicity@hanyang.ac.kr; ychung@kpu.ac.kr
OI Heo, Jungho/0000-0001-6674-7279
FU Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP)
[20172010106310]; Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology
(KEIT) - Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea [10062469];
Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10062469,
20172010106310] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology
(NTIS)
FX This work was partly supported by Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant (Grant number 20172010106310) and
by Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) grant
(Grant number 10062469) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry &
Energy (MOTIE), Korea.
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NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 2
BP 903
EP 913
DI 10.1007/s11663-018-1484-4
PG 11
Engineering
GA HN9QI
UT WOS:000460533600031
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, LY
Liu, HX
Nie, SN
Yu, BY
Wang, SC
Zheng, L
Li, RX
AF Song, L. Y.
Liu, H. X.
Nie, S. N.
Yu, B. Y.
Wang, S. C.
Zheng, L.
Li, R. X.
TI Microstructure and fracture behavior of Al-Si-Mg alloy prepared with
recycled alloyGefuge und Bruchverhalten von recyclten
Al-Si-Mg-Legierungen
SO MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK
LA English
DT Article
DE Recycled alloy; Casting defects; Crack initiation; Crack propagation;
Coalescence
ID CASTING DEFECTS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; FATIGUE
BEHAVIOR; ALUMINUM; EMISSIONS; FLOW
AB In this paper, microstructure and fracture behavior of Al-Si-Mg alloy prepared
with recycled alloy were studied. The results show that some casting defects such
as oxidation slags, pores and iron-rich intermetallic phases exist in the alloy
prepared with recycled alloy. Stress concentration forms in the tips of the pores
and iron-rich intermetallic phases in the process of stretching. Cracks are easy to
initiate near slags due to the weakening of the adhesion between the oxidized slag
and the aluminum matrix. In addition, silicon phases play a hindering role on the
movement of dislocations in the process of crack propagation and merging of cracks
which is strengthening the alloy prepared with recycled alloy to some extent. Crack
propagation is mainly along the direction of casting defects, and the cracks
connect with each other until failure of material. Moreover, the crack originate
from silicon phase and extend along the eutectic structure of alloy no-containing
recycled alloy, and a large plastic deformation occurred in the alpha-aluminum
dendrites.
C1 [Song, L. Y.; Liu, H. X.; Nie, S. N.; Yu, B. Y.; Zheng, L.] Shenyang Univ
Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenyang 110870, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Wang, S. C.] Guangdong Inst Mat & Proc, Guangzhou 510651, Guangdong, Peoples R
China.
[Li, R. X.] Dongguan Univ Technol, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
C3 Shenyang University of Technology; Guangdong Academy of Sciences;
Institute of New Materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences; Dongguan
RP Zheng, L (corresponding author), Shenyang Univ Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM zhengli_1115@163.com
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10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.07.032
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Taylor JA, 2012, PROC MAT SCI, V1, P19, DOI 10.1016/j.mspro.2012.06.004
Wan BB, 2017, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V125, P37, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.06.004
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Xu ZQ, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS A, V43A, P2763, DOI 10.1007/s11661-011-0947-x
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PI WEINHEIM
SN 0933-5137
EI 1521-4052
J9 MATERIALWISS WERKST
JI Materialwiss. Werkstofftech.
PD APR
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 4
BP 462
EP 470
DI 10.1002/mawe.201800041
PG 9
GA HR5SZ
UT WOS:000463208500010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Ren, Y
Zhang, L
AF Zhang, Y.
Ren, Y.
Zhang, L.
TI Termodynamics and kinetics for the evolution of non-metallic inclusions
in pipeline steel
SO METALLURGIA ITALIANA
LA English
DT Article
DE THERMODYNAMICS; KINETICS; EVOLUTION; NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS; PIPELINE
STEELS
ID ALUMINUM DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; PROCESS SIMULATION-MODEL; AL-KILLED
STEEL; OF-THE-ART; CALCIUM ADDITION; MOLTEN IRON; THERMODYNAMICS;
NOZZLE; METAL; SLAG
AB In the current study, the thermodynamics for the complex deoxidation of the
pipeline steels was established and discussed, comparing to the deoxidation of pure
iron. A remarkable difference in the deoxidation curve bretween real pipeline steel
and pure iron was found since for real steels complex inclusions, such as calcium-
aluminate, alumina and sulfide, were generated during deoxidation rather than pure
alumina with the increasing of the dissolved aluminum in steel. A kinetic model was
developed to predict the composition variation with time of non-metallic
inclusions, steel and slag during LF refining of pipeline steels. Reactions between
alloy elements and steel generating inclusions, slag and steel, between slag and
lining refractory, between steel and lining refractory were considered in this
kinetic model, considering air absorption and the removal of inclusions. The
effects of inclusion size and gas flow rate during LF refining on the composition
variation with time of inclusions, steel and slag were investigated. The kinetic
model showed a good agreement with industrial measurement of the composition of
inclusions, steel and slag.
C1 [Zhang, Y.; Ren, Y.; Zhang, L.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
RP Zhang, L (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [BX201700028];
Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program By CAST [2017QNRC001]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M620016]; High Quality steel
Consortium (HQSC) at University of Science and Technology Beijing
(USTB), China
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51725402 and No. 51704018), National
Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (Grant No. BX201700028),
Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program By CAST (No. 2017QNRC001),
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M620016) and the High
Quality steel Consortium (HQSC) at University of Science and Technology
Beijing (USTB), China.
Huang F., 2017, METALLURGICAL MAT B, V48, P1
Li, 2014, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V36, P168
Peter J., 2005, AISTECH 2005 P CHARL
Ren Y., 2017, MODELING INCLUSION E
Ren YQ, 2018, 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (ICECE 2018), P1, DOI 10.1109/ICECOME.2018.8644931
Takahashi A, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P334, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.334
Zhang Y., 2017, AISTECH 2017 IR STEE, P2607
[No title captured]
NR 45
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 8
PU ASSOC ITALIANA METALLURGIA
PI MILAN
PA PIAZZALE RODOLFO MORANDI, 2, MILAN, 20121, ITALY
SN 0026-0843
J9 METALL ITAL
JI Metall. Ital.
PD MAR
PY 2019
IS 3
BP 25
EP 34
PG 10
GA JG3HE
UT WOS:000491964400004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, GK
Kamaraj, A
Humane, MM
Minj, RK
Das, SK
Ramana, RBV
Venugopalan, T
AF Mandal, G. K.
Kamaraj, Ashok
Humane, M. M.
Minj, R. K.
Das, S. K.
Ramana, R. B. V.
Venugopalan, T.
TI Development of Speciality Grade Wire by Controlling the Inclusions in
High-Carbon Steel Using Synthetic Slag Treatment
LA English
DT Article
DE High-carbon wire rod; Oxide inclusions; Synthetic slag; Thermodynamic
study
ID OF-THE-ART; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; DEOXIDATION
AB The high-carbon wire rods essentially permit controlled traces of the aluminium
and calcium dissolved in the molten steel bath due to the generation of un-
deformable complex oxide inclusions. These inclusions can be controlled by treating
the liquid steel with suitable synthetic slag. In the present investigation, slag
with suitable composition was synthetically prepared based on the thermodynamic
study. After melting the plant wire rods, synthetic slag was added in the bath and
slag-metal reactions were carried out at around 1600 A degrees C for a pre-
specified period. Experimental results showed significant improvement in inclusion
rating of hot-rolled specimens prepared by induction melting for the residence time
of about 30 min across the slag-metal reaction. It thus depicts that slag-metal
reaction residence time of 15 min is rather less than the residence time of 30 min
for any significant improvement in inclusion rating under identical reactions
across the slag-metal interface.
C1 [Mandal, G. K.; Kamaraj, Ashok; Humane, M. M.; Minj, R. K.; Das, S. K.] CSIR,
NML, Jamshedpur, Bihar, India.
[Ramana, R. B. V.; Venugopalan, T.] Tata Steel Ltd, Jamshedpur, Bihar, India.
[Venugopalan, T.] Indian Inst Technol IIT Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML); Tata Sons; Tata Steel Limited;
Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) - Madras
RP Kamaraj, A (corresponding author), CSIR, NML, Jamshedpur, Bihar, India.
EM srhsbioboy@yahoo.co.in
RI Kamaraj, Ashok/J-6645-2015; Mandal, Gopi/AAF-2837-2020
OI Kamaraj, Ashok/0000-0003-3086-2990; Mandal, Gopi/0000-0001-6712-3548
FU Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur
FX Authors are thankful to Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur, for financial
support to carry out this research activity. Authors are also thankful
to Dr. S. Prakash, Former Advisor Management, CSIR-NML, and all other
project team members for their valuable suggestions and support to
execute this work.
CR Beskow K, 2002, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V29, P427, DOI 10.1179/030192302225004566
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He XF, 2014, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V41, P676, DOI 10.1179/1743281214Y.0000000182
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Jiantao J, 2014, STEELMAKING, V1, P18
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Van Vlack L. H., 1977, International Metals Reviews, V22, P187
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0972-2815
EI 0975-1645
PD FEB
PY 2019
VL 72
IS 2
BP 369
EP 381
DI 10.1007/s12666-018-1488-4
PG 13
GA HL9DS
UT WOS:000459043600009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Anisonyan, KG
Kopyev, DY
Goncharov, KV
Sadykhov, GB
AF Anisonyan, K. G.
Kopyev, D. Yu
Goncharov, K., V
Sadykhov, G. B.
TI An investigation of a single-stage red mud reducing roasting process
with the cast iron and aluminate slag production
SO NON-FERROUS METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; alumina production; pyrometallurgical processing; reducing
roasting; pig iron; aluminate slag; recycling of wastes
ID RECOVERY; SCANDIUM
AB Red mud is a technogenic waste product, a result of alumina production. It is a
fine-dispersed material containing up to 60% Fe2O3 and up to 20% Al2O3. For each
ton of alumina produced of bauxites there is more than 1 ton of red mud. In the
absence of effective recycling technologies, red mud is practically not used and is
almost completely stored in special sludge deposits, which negatively affects the
environment. Tens of millions of tons of red mud are sent to the dumps every year
in the world. More than 100 million tons of red mud has been piled up in Russia.
High content of iron and aluminium in red mud requires a processing which provides
an effective separation of these components and obtaining original iron- and
aluminium-bearing products.
In this connection, the present paper is focused on developing a single-stage
reducing roasting process with simultaneous generation of cast iron, a product for
steel industry, and the aluminate slag suitable for alumina production. The main
stage of the red mud complex processing technology under development is a single-
stage reducing roasting process which results in the cast iron and aluminate slag
obtaining; the latter is further treated by water leaching for aluminium
precipitation from solution. The roast is carried out for the ferric oxides
reduction to metal and simultaneous aluminium transfer to water-insoluble sodium
aluminate, which is provided by adding Na2CO3 and CaCO3 to a furnace charge in
definite proportions. This article considers the manner in which the reducing
roasting conditions (temperature, consumption of a reducing agent, composition of
the furnace charge) influence over the ferric oxides reduction to metal and
obtaining of the aluminate slag with a definite phase composition. As a result, the
optimal conditions of the slag and cast iron formation are determined.
C1 [Anisonyan, K. G.; Kopyev, D. Yu; Goncharov, K., V; Sadykhov, G. B.] Russian
Acad Sci, Fed State Budgetary Sci Inst, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow,
Russia.
Science (IMET RAS)
RP Anisonyan, KG (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Fed State Budgetary Sci
Inst, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow, Russia.
EM grikar84@mail.ru
RI Sadykhov, Guseyngulu B./D-8607-2014
FU Russian Science Foundation [17-73-10414]; Russian Science Foundation
[17-73-10414] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
FX The study was performed by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation
(project No. 17-73-10414).
CR Davris P, 2016, HYDROMETALLURGY, V164, P125, DOI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2016.06.012
Fujii AL, 2015, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V101, P432, DOI
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.10.057
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Layner A. I., 1978, ALUMINA PRODUCTION
Medvedev A.S., 2015, TSVETNYE MET, V12, P47, DOI [10.17580/tsm.2015.12.08, DOI
10.17580/TSM.2015.12.08]
Ogorodnikova E. N, 2017, ENG GEOLOGICAL PROBL, P284
Pepper RA, 2016, MINER ENG, V99, P8, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2016.09.012
Podgorodetskiy G. S, 2015, EKOLOGIYA PROMYSHLEN, V19, P46
Pyagay IN, 2016, J MIN INST, V218, P225
Samouhos M, 2017, MINER ENG, V105, P36, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2017.01.004
Sheshukov O. Yu., 2016, ACTUAL PROBLEMS MODE, V1, P99
Trushko VL, 2017, J MIN INST, V227, P547
Zinoveev D. V, 2016, MODERN PROBLEMS MINI, P76
Логинова И.В., 2016, [Сталь, Stal'], P67
NR 16
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU ORE & METALS PUBLISHERS
PI MOSCOW
PA LENINSKII PR-KT 6, BLD 1, OFIS 617, PO BOX 71, MOSCOW, 119049, RUSSIA
SN 2072-0807
EI 2414-0155
J9 NON-FERROUS MET
JI Non-Ferrous Met.
PY 2018
IS 1
BP 18
EP 23
DI 10.17580/nfm.2018.01.04
PG 6
GA IN9VL
UT WOS:000479026600004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Xu, HX
Sadiki, N
Dal Magro, F
Py, X
Mancaux, JM
Romagnoli, A
AF Xu, Haoxin
Sadiki, Najim
Dal Magro, Fabio
Py, Xavier
Mancaux, Jean-Marie
Romagnoli, Alessandro
BE Yan, J
Wu, J
Li, H
TI Compatibility tests between molten Aluminium alloys and recycled
ceramics from inorganic industrial wastes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED ENERGY
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
CY AUG 21-24, 2017
CL Cardiff, ENGLAND
DE Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage; High temperature; Recycled ceramics;
Compatibility
ID THERMAL-ENERGY STORAGE; PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS; SELECTION
AB Recycled ceramics from industrial wastes, compared with traditional high-purity
ceramics, present high market potential as refractory materials due to their low
cost production process with very friendly environmental impacts. In order to study
the feasibility of using recycled ceramics as the encapsulation material in the
application of high temperature Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage system, this
paper investigates the compatibility of recycled ceramics with three kinds of
aluminium-silicon alloys at high temperature. The recycled ceramics explored are
Cofalit from asbestos containing waste and steel slags. The study consists of a
steady state thermal treatment of both ceramics in contact with the three different
alloys at 1000 C for 100 hours, and a post instrumental characterization of ceramic
samples by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive
Spectrometry, to understand the chemical and structural transformation of each
ceramics. Results show that Cofalit has chemical interactions with aluminium
alloys, while steel slag presents an excellent corrosion resistance to molten
aluminium alloys and is further recommended as an encapsulation material for molten
aluminium alloys at high temperature. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier
Ltd.
C1 [Xu, Haoxin; Dal Magro, Fabio; Romagnoli, Alessandro] Nanyang Technol Univ, 50
Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Sadiki, Najim; Py, Xavier; Mancaux, Jean-Marie] Univ Perpignan Via Domitia,
PROMES CNRS Lab UPR 8521, Rambla Thermodynam Tecnosud, F-66100 Perpignan, France.
C3 Nanyang Technological University & National Institute of Education (NIE)
Singapore; Nanyang Technological University; Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Engineering &
Systems Sciences (INSIS)
RP Romagnoli, A (corresponding author), Nanyang Technol Univ, 50 Nanyang Ave,
EM a.romagnoli@ntu.edu.sg
RI Dal Magro, Fabio/ABD-8223-2020; Romagnoli, Alessandro/N-1975-2014
OI Dal Magro, Fabio/0000-0002-8866-5618; Romagnoli,
Alessandro/0000-0003-1271-5479
CR [Anonymous], P 6 INT S EN BIOM WA
Calvet N, 2013, ENERGY, V55, P956, DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.078
10.1016/j.enconman.2015.04.066
Fujiwara S., 2007, SUMITOMO KAGAKU, V2007-I
Fukahori R, 2016, APPL ENERG, V163, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.164
Green J.A.S., 2007, Aluminum Recycling and Processing for Energy Conservation
and Sustainability
10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.071
10.1016/j.rser.2009.11.011
10.1016/j.solmat.2012.07.032
Nomura T, 2016, INT J ENERG RES, DOI [10.1002/er, DOI 10.1002/ER]
Nomura T, 2015, SCI REP-UK, V5, DOI 10.1038/srep09117
Nomura T, 2010, ISIJ INT, V50, P1229, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.50.1229
Wang Z, 2015, APPL THERM ENG, V89, P204, DOI
Xu HX, 2017, APPL ENERG, V187, P281, DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.070
Yan M, 2001, J MATER SCI, V36, P285, DOI 10.1023/A:1004843621542
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2017
VL 142
BP 3689
EP 3696
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.263
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BL5XI
UT WOS:000452901603131
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Regordosa, A
Llorca-Isern, N
AF Regordosa, Anna
Llorca-Isern, Nuria
TI CHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SLAG COMPOUNDS FORMED IN THE
MELTING PROCESSES TO PRODUCE SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRONS
LA English
DT Article
DE spheroidal graphite cast irons; slag compounds; induction furnace;
refractory lining; X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence; scanning
electron microscopy
AB The aim of this research is to investigate the composition and phases present in
the slags formed during the production of spheroidal graphite (SG) cast irons. This
paper contains the results of the first part of such investigation which is focused
on those slags generated in the induction furnace, i.e., solid slags formed on the
melt surface and slags adhered to quartzite refractory lining. A group of slag
samples of each type were obtained from melts prepared using different metallic
charges. These samples were then characterized in order to determine their chemical
and structural composition and to evaluate the influence of the raw materials used
during the melting process on the amount of slag formed in each case. Three
different techniques were used for analyzing the slag samples: X-ray fluorescence,
X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive
spectroscopy (EDS) microanalysis. Important differences have been detected among
samples studied in this work that have revealed the detrimental role of aluminum on
refractory linings. The knowledge has been successfully used to minimize the
problems caused by adhesion of slags to refractory linings.
C1 [Regordosa, Anna] Funderia Condals SA, Dept Met, Manresa, Spain.
[Regordosa, Anna; Llorca-Isern, Nuria] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ciencia Dels Mat &
Engn Met, Barcelona, Spain.
C3 University of Barcelona
RP Regordosa, A (corresponding author), Funderia Condals SA, Dept Met, Manresa,
Spain.; Regordosa, A (corresponding author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Ciencia Dels Mat
& Engn Met, Barcelona, Spain.
EM annaregordosa@hotmail.com
RI Llorca-Isern, Nuria/M-8643-2015
OI Llorca-Isern, Nuria/0000-0003-0501-3866; REGORDOSA,
ANNA/0000-0003-0109-622X
FU Funderia Condals S.A foundry; Catalan Government from AGAUR
FX This work has been financially supported by Funderia Condals S.A foundry
and by Catalan Government by awarding the scholarship from AGAUR for the
Industrial PhD. The authors would like to acknowledge scientific and
technological centers (CCiT) from the University of Barcelona for the
collaboration in all the analysis.
CR [Anonymous], 2005, ITP MET CAST
Gagne M., 2009, FTJ, V183, P276
Gandhewar V.R., 2011, Int. J. Eng. Technol, V3, P277
HEANEY PJ, 1994, REV MINERAL, V29, P1
Heine R.W., 1966, MOD CAST, V50, P155
Katz S., 2004, AFS T, P2
Khan P.R., 1987, AFS T, V172, P105
Labrecque C., 2003, K MILL S DUCT CAST I
Loizaga A, 2008, REV METAL MADRID, V44, P432, DOI 10.3989/revmetalm.0759
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 4
BP 421
EP 434
DI 10.1007/s40962-016-0025-7
PG 14
GA DX5PS
UT WOS:000384434100005
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, XY
Du, C
Zhang, L
Zhuang, YH
Xu, M
AF Ren, Xianyou
Du, Chao
Zhang, Liang
Zhuang, Yanhua
Xu, Meng
TI Removal of phosphate in aqueous solutions by the aluminum salt slag
derived from the scrap aluminum melting process
SO DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ligand exchange; Aluminum salt slag; Kinetics; Adsorption isotherm;
Phosphate
ID MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER; PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL; ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL; ACTIVATED
CARBON; FURNACE SLAG; FLY-ASH; KINETICS; SORPTION; THERMODYNAMICS;
MECHANISMS
AB Aluminum salt slag, a kind of industrial by-product derived from the scrap
aluminum melting process, was used to remove phosphate (P) from aqueous solutions
in this research. The morphology and microstructure of the sample was characterized
by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy,
scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. According to the results,
aluminum salt slag exhibited a surface area of 16.73m(2)/g and a rough surface with
many slit-shaped pores, and its main constituents were determined to be aluminum
compounds and salt-flux mixture. The experimental kinetic data were well fitted
using both the pseudo-second-order model and Elovich model, which revealed its
nature of chemisorption and heterogeneous composites. Furthermore, the isotherm
studies showed that it followed Freundlich model better than the Langmuir model,
the maximal adsorption capacities calculated by Langmuir model were
2.312-3.467mg/g. The thermodynamics study demonstrated that the adsorption process
was endothermic. Additionally, it was found that a pH of 8.0 was most unfavorable
to P removal and ligand exchange may be one of the main adsorption mechanisms. With
the advantages of huge production, low costs, and desirable treatment efficiency,
the aluminum salt slag is proposed to be another possible adsorbent for P removal
from wastewater.
C1 [Ren, Xianyou; Du, Chao; Zhang, Liang; Zhuang, Yanhua; Xu, Meng] Chinese Acad
Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, Key Lab Environm & Disaster Monitoring & Evaluat, 340
Xudong Rd, Wuhan 430077, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Du, Chao; Xu, Meng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19 Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049,
Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics, CAS;
Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,
CAS
RP Zhang, L (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, Key
Lab Environm & Disaster Monitoring & Evaluat, 340 Xudong Rd, Wuhan 430077, Hubei,
Peoples R China.
EM rxy@whigg.ac.cn; cdu@whigg.ac.cn; lzhang@whigg.ac.cn;
zhuang@whigg.ac.cn; dream0131@whigg.ac.cn
RI Zhang, Liang/AGR-2540-2022; 张, 亮/GXF-8960-2022
OI Zhang, Liang/0000-0002-9074-1034;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41471433]; National Key
Technology R&D Program of China [2012BAC06B03]; CRSRI Open Research
Program [CKWV2013213/KY]; Central Public interest Scientific Institution
Basal Research Fund [2014-37]
FX The authors thank the support by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (41471433), the National Key Technology R&D Program of China
(2012BAC06B03), the support by CRSRI Open Research Program
(CKWV2013213/KY), and the Central Public interest Scientific Institution
Basal Research Fund (2014-37).
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NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 42
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1944-3994
EI 1944-3986
J9 DESALIN WATER TREAT
JI Desalin. Water Treat.
PD MAY 20
PY 2016
VL 57
IS 24
BP 11291
EP 11299
DI 10.1080/19443994.2015.1043956
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA DF3NW
UT WOS:000371252400032
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Kumar, D
Pistorius, PC
AF Kumar, Deepoo
Pistorius, P. Chris
BE Reddy, RG
Chaubal, P
Pistorius, PC
Pal, U
TI A STUDY ON CALCIUM TRANSFER FROM SLAG TO STEEL AND ITS EFFECT ON
MODIFICATION OF ALUMINA AND SPINEL INCLUSIONS
SO ADVANCES IN MOLTEN SLAGS, FLUXES, AND SALTS
LA English
CY MAY 22-25, 2016
CL Seattle, WA
DE Slag; Calcium transfer; Inclusion; Alumina; Spinel; Zirconia
AB Aluminum deoxidized steel tends to form solid inclusions (alumina, spinel,
partially modified calcium aluminates). These solid inclusions are known to present
challenges during casting, cause slivers during mechanical working and act as crack
initiation sites for mechanical failure. Calcium injection practice has been used
by the industry to transform these solid inclusions into liquid inclusions for
several decades. There has been a significant amount of study to understand the
mechanism of calcium modification of alumina/spinel inclusions. However, there has
been little attempt to understand calcium transfer from slag to steel to inclusions
that may modify alumina inclusions. In this study, laboratory deoxidation
experiments were conducted using an induction furnace, physically simulating a
ladle furnace; samples were taken during these experiments to study the extent of
calcium transfer through inclusion analysis. This study shows that in the presence
of silicon, there can be significant amount of calcium transfer from slag. Also, as
the rate of calcium transfer from slag is limited by mass transfer in steel and
slag, it is difficult to modify a large concentration of inclusions. However, an
appreciable extent of calcium transfer was found in the case of lower concentration
of inclusions (less than 150 ppm area fraction).
C1 [Kumar, Deepoo; Pistorius, P. Chris] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept,
Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res CISR, 5000 Forbes Ave,Wean Hall 3325, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
RP Kumar, D (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Ctr
Iron & Steelmaking Res CISR, 5000 Forbes Ave,Wean Hall 3325, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
USA.
RI Kumar, Deepoo/AAP-4932-2021; Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/A-8247-2011
OI Kumar, Deepoo/0000-0002-4396-6097; Pistorius, Petrus
Christiaan/0000-0002-2966-1879
FU [MCF-677785]
FX Authors are grateful for the financial support as well as comments
provided by the industry members of Center of Iron and Steelmaking
research. Authors also acknowledge the use of Materials Characterization
Facility at Carnegie Mellon University supported by grant MCF-677785.
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GUEUSSIER AL, 1983, IRON STEEL ENG, V60, P35
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Hilty DC., 1975, IRON STEELMAKER, V2, P20
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NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
BN 978-1-119-33319-7; 978-1-119-30876-8
PY 2016
BP 145
EP 153
PG 9
GA BQ1XC
UT WOS:000578029000015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Teodorescu, R
Badilita, V
Roman, M
Purcaru, V
Capota, P
Tociu, C
Gheorghe, M
Crisan, A
AF Teodorescu, Romanita
Badilita, Viorel
Roman, Maria
Purcaru, Victoria
Capota, Petre
Tociu, Carmen
Gheorghe, Maria
Crisan, Aurel
TI OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS FOR TOTAL RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM FROM SMELTING
SLAG 2. REMOVAL OF ALUMINUM SULFATE
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Al slag; Al sulfate; hydrolysis; leaching; silica matrix; waste
processing
ID EXTRACTION
AB This paper continues the previous investigations regarding the technology for
the Aluminum (Al) recovery as Al sulfate from black Al slag. Leaching is the next
compulsory step in the Al extraction process. The paper studies the influence of
mother solutions (MS) recirculation resulted from the process within the system
over the quality of Al sulfate and the siliceous residue (R) and, the aluminum
nitride (AlN) hydrolyses in the leaching process. The optimum parameters determined
are: *the leaching yield of the slag that registers values between 56 divided by 66
% and for the soluble Al 96-97%; *the quality of the products obtained from this
technology which have significant coagulation properties; *the AlN decomposition
which continues at the leaching phase but is lower than those achieved in the
washing process. Besides, the (R) from the leaching process was inertized employing
binder slag-cement or slag-lime into the proportion 7:3 binders: (R) ratio. The
flow sheet of entire process is also presented. The experimental results were
ultimately the purpose for the feasibility study, the economical analysis and the
designing of a pilot plant (600t/year Al slag).
C1 [Teodorescu, Romanita; Badilita, Viorel; Roman, Maria; Purcaru, Victoria;
Capota, Petre] R&D Natl Inst Nonferrous & Rare Met IMNR, Bucharest, Romania.
[Tociu, Carmen] Natl Inst Environm Protect ICIM, Bucharest, Romania.
[Gheorghe, Maria] Tech Univ Civil Engn, Bucharest, Romania.
[Crisan, Aurel] Transilvania Univ, Brasov, Romania.
RP Teodorescu, R (corresponding author), R&D Natl Inst Nonferrous & Rare Met IMNR,
Bucharest, Romania.
EM teoroma47@yahoo.com
RI Tociu, Carmen/AAB-8136-2019
OI Tociu, Carmen/0000-0002-4137-6456
FU PNCD2, National Research Programme [31- 004 / 2007]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of PNCD2, National
Research Programme, which includes the Project no. 31- 004 /
2007coordinated by Transilvania University.
CR Amer AM, 2010, JOM-US, V62, P60, DOI 10.1007/s11837-010-0080-0
Amer AM, 2002, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V54, P72, DOI 10.1007/BF02709754
*BRUK AXS GMBH, 2006, DIFFRACPLUS BASIC EV
Collective, 1972, CHEM ENG MANUAL
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ICDD, 2006, ICDD DAT POWD DIFFR
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NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU GH ASACHI TECHNICAL UNIV IASI
PI IASI
PA 71 MANGERON BLVD, IASI, 700050, ROMANIA
SN 1582-9596
EI 1843-3707
J9 ENVIRON ENG MANAG J
JI Environ. Eng. Manag. J.
PD JAN
PY 2014
VL 13
IS 1
BP 7
EP 14
PG 8
GA AB0XX
UT WOS:000331516700002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, C
Wang, J
Shu, D
Zhang, S
Sun, BD
AF Chen, Chong
Wang, Jun
Shu, Da
Zhang, Sen
Sun, Baode
TI Removal of Non-Metallic Inclusions from Aluminum by Electroslag Refining
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusions; aluminum; electroslag refining; purification
ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOYS; STEEL; MELTS
AB Experiments to remove non-metallic inclusions from aluminum were conducted on a
laboratory-scale apparatus by electroslag refining using KCl-NaCl-Na3AlF6 flux. It
was found that the removal efficiency of electroslag refining for alumina
inclusions increases with the decrement of the remelting speed and the removal
efficiency can exceed 97% under the remelting speed of 108 g.min(-1). The reaction
of the molten slag to capture inclusions in the electroslag refining process was
the main reason for the removal of inclusions. The Gibbs energy calculation of the
inclusion-melt-slag system accounts for the transfer of inclusions from the
aluminum melt to the molten slag thermodynamically. [doi:
10.2320/matertrans.M2011211]
C1 [Chen, Chong; Wang, Jun; Shu, Da; Zhang, Sen; Sun, Baode] Shanghai Jiao Tong
Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM junwang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Shu, Da/I-4546-2016
OI Shu, Da/0000-0003-2563-2998
Shanghai Jiao Tong University for their help.
CR Chen C, 2011, MATER TRANS, V52, P1320, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.M2010435
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1
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 43
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 12
BP 2266
EP 2269
PG 4
Engineering
GA 888BF
UT WOS:000299978100025
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DY
Liu, J
Jiang, MF
Tsukihashi, F
Matsuura, H
AF Wang, De-yong
Liu, Jun
Jiang, Mao-fa
Tsukihashi, Fumitaka
Matsuura, Hiroyuki
TI Dissolution of Al2TiO5 inclusions in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags at 1823 K
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking; aluminium titante; molten slag; inclusions; dissolution
ID LOW-CARBON-STEEL; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; AL; DEOXIDATION; MORPHOLOGY;
TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Al-Ti-O inclusions always clog submerged nozzles in Ti-bearing Al-killed steel.
A typical synthesized Al2TiO5 inclusion was immersed in a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 molten
slag for different durations at 1823 K. The Al2TiO5 dissolution paths and mechanism
were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive
spectroscopy (EDS). Decreased amounts of Ti and Al and increased amounts of Si and
Ca at the dissolution boundary prove that inclusion dissolution and slag
penetration simultaneously occur. SiO2 diffuses or penetrates the inclusion more
quickly than CaO, as indicated by the w(CaO)/w(SiO2) value in the reaction region.
A liquid product (containing 0.7-1.2 w(CaO)/w(SiO2), 15wt%-20wt% Al2O3, and 5wt%-
15wt% TiO2) forms on the inclusion surface when Al2TiO5 is dissolved in the slag.
Al2TiO5 initially dissolves faster than the diffusion rate of the liquid product
toward the bulk slag. With increasing reaction time, the boundary reaches its
largest distance, the Al2TiO5 dissolution rate equals the liquid product diffusion
rate, and the dissolution process remains stable until the inclusion is completely
dissolved.
C1 [Wang, De-yong; Liu, Jun; Jiang, Mao-fa] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat,
[Tsukihashi, Fumitaka; Matsuura, Hiroyuki] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci,
Dept Adv Mat Sci, Chiba 2778561, Japan.
C3 Northeastern University - China; University of Tokyo
RP Wang, DY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
EM wangdy@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Matuura, Hiroyuki/R-5873-2019; Matsuura, Hiroyuki/H-4877-2016; LI,
Jing/HNB-5575-2023
OI Matuura, Hiroyuki/0000-0002-7632-0145; Matsuura,
Hiroyuki/0000-0002-7632-0145;
CR Basu S, 2004, ISIJ INT, V44, P1653, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.44.1653
Doo WC, 2007, MET MATER INT, V13, P249, DOI 10.1007/BF03027813
Kawashima Y., 1991, CAMP ISIJ, V4, P1237
Peng LM, 2006, J MATER SCI, V41, P7524, DOI 10.1007/s10853-006-0836-7
24.x
2916.1988.tb05898.x
Sun MK, 2008, MET MATER INT, V14, P791, DOI 10.3365/met.mat.2008.12.791
Vedani M, 2002, ISIJ INT, V42, P1520, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.42.1520
Yamamoto K, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P80, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.80
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 6
BP 646
EP 651
DI 10.1007/s12613-011-0490-1
PG 6
Mineral Processing
GA 856MW
UT WOS:000297647300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, Q
Wang, XH
Li, HB
Huang, FX
Yang, J
Wang, WJ
AF Li Qiang
Wang Xin-hua
Li Hai-bo
Huang Fu-xiang
Yang Jun
Wang Wan-jun
TI Variation of Non-Metallic Inclusions Composition in X80 Pipeline Steel
Refined by High Basicity Slag
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on High Strength Low Alloy Steels (HSLA
Steels 2011)
CY MAY 31-JUN 02, 2011
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE transformation of inclusions; high basicity top slag; removal of
inclusions; X80 pipeline steel
ID OXIDE
AB The transformation of inclusions was studied when control technology of refining
top slag in ladle furnace was used in X80 pipeline steelmaking. Sufficient amount
of aluminum was added to experimental heats for final deoxidation during BOF
tapping, and then the refining top slag with high basicity and strong reducibility
was adopted to transform Al(2)O(3) to inclusions with low melting point. The
results show that the composition of inclusions changes in order of "Al(2)O(3) ->
MgO-Al(2)O(3) system -> CaO-MgO-Al(2)O(3) system -> CaO-Al(2)O(3) system". And the
inclusions after LF refining are liquid or semi-liquid state at the temperature of
steelmaking, which are easily removable to obtain high cleanliness steel by
collision, agglomeration and flotation.
C1 [Li Qiang; Wang Xin-hua; Huang Fu-xiang; Yang Jun; Wang Wan-jun] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Li Hai-bo] Shousteel Res Inst, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
RP Li, Q (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol,
RI LI, Qiang/HLQ-6133-2023; Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021; Wang,
Xin/JCE-2009-2023
OI LI, Qiang/0000-0001-5568-2334; Wang, Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376; Wang,
Xin/0000-0002-4457-7376
Elboujdaini M, 2009, J SOLID STATE ELECTR, V13, P1091, DOI 10.1007/s10008-009-
0799-0
Kushida T., 1996, The Sumitomo Search, V58, P24
Wang X H, 2008, IRON STEEL, V12, P28
NR 8
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 18
SU 1
BP 563
EP 566
PN 1
PG 4
GA 785KX
UT WOS:000292229000096
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Tang, Y
AF Tang, Yu
BE Zhu, R
TI Effect of Slag Composition on Inclusion Control in LF-VD Process for
Ultra-low Oxygen Alloyed Structural Steel
SO SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MINING ENGINEERING AND METALLURGICAL
TECHNOLOGY (MEMT 2011)
SE Procedia Earth and Plantetary Science
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Mining Engineering and Metallurgical
Technology (MEMT)
CY OCT 29-30, 2011
CL Macau, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE slag; inclusion; ultra-low oxygen; refining
ID ALUMINUM
AB Inclusion control in LF-VD process for ultra-low oxygen alloyed structural steel
is investigated. It is found that after Al-deoxidation during tapping process, with
slag of high basicity, high Al2O3 content and low oxidizing property, Al2O3
inclusions, which are the product of Al-deoxidation could transform to MgO-Al2O3
spinel, and later on to CaO-MgO-Al2O3 inclusions of lower melting point, which are
inclined to be eliminated by floatation, thus total oxygen content would be
lowered. On the other hand, residual inclusions in steel are mostly ultra-fine in
size, and could be deformed slightly in hot-working process of steel, enhancing
fatigue life of steel. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 CISDI Grp Co Ltd, Chongqing 401122, Peoples R China.
RP Tang, Y (corresponding author), CISDI Grp Co Ltd, 1 Saidi Rd,Jinyu Ave,
EM histeven614@163.com
CR Hojo M., 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, pS128, DOI
0136(95)01974-J
Kusano Y., 1996, ISIJ INT S, V36, pS77, DOI
NISHIMORI H, 1993, B JPN I MET, V1, P441
[No title captured]
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1878-5220
J9 PROCED EARTH PLAN SC
PY 2011
VL 2
BP 89
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.proeps.2011.09.015
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering;
SC Geology; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral
Processing
GA BBC82
UT WOS:000306467200015
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zhang, LF
Damoah, LN
AF Zhang, Lifeng
Damoah, Lucas N.
BE Lindsay, SJ
TI CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE REMOVAL OF IRON FROM ALUMINUM ALLOYS
SE Light Metals
LA English
CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011
CL San Diego, CA
DE Aluminum; Iron-Rich Phases
ID INTERMETALLIC PHASES; AL-7SI-0.3MG ALLOY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; FE;
SOLIDIFICATION; ELIMINATION; SCRAP; CAST; BETA-FESIAL5; NUCLEATION
AB In the current paper, the Fe-rich phases in and their detrimental effect on
aluminum alloys are summarized. The existence of brittle platelet beta-Fe-rich
phases lowers the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. The methods to
neutralize the detrimental effect of iron are discussed. The use of high cooling
rate, solution heat treatment and addition of elements such as Mn, Cr, Be, Co, Mo,
Ni, V, W, Cu, Sr, or the rare earth elements Y, Nd, La and Ce are reported to
modify the platelet Fe-rich phases in aluminum alloys. The mechanism of the
modification is briefly described. Technologies to remove iron from aluminum are
extensively reviewed. The precipitation and removal of Fe-rich phases (sludge) are
discussed. The dense phases can be removed by methods such as gravitational
separation, electromagnetic separation, and centrifuge. Other methods include
electrolysis, electro-slag refining, fractional solidification, and fluxing
refining. The expensive three-layer cell electrolysis process is the most
successful technique to remove iron from aluminum so far.
C1 [Zhang, Lifeng; Damoah, Lucas N.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Missouri S&T, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
C3 University of Missouri System; Missouri University of Science &
Technology
RP Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Missouri S&T, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, 223 McNutt Hall, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM zhanglife@mst.edu
RI Damoah, Lucas/P-2863-2018
OI Damoah, Lucas/0000-0002-1745-3722
CR Benkahla B, 2008, LIGHT MET, P451
Benz M. G., 1992, DIRECT PROCESSING EL
CARPENTER GJC, 1993, SCRIPTA METALL MATER, V28, P733, DOI 10.1016/0956-
716X(93)90044-S
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de Moraes, 2006, MAT T, V47, P1731
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[张磊 Zhang Lei], 2005, [特种铸造及有色合金, Special Casting & Non-ferrous Alloys],
V25, P131
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NR 70
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PI CHICHESTER
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-1-11802-935-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2011
BP 757
EP 762
PG 6
GA BGX52
UT WOS:000324515400130
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Doostmohammadi, H
Andersson, M
Karasev, A
Jönsson, PG
AF Doostmohammadi, H.
Andersson, M.
Karasev, A.
Jonsson, P. G.
TI Use of Computational Thermodynamic Calculations in Studying the
Slag/Steel Equilibrium during Vacuum Degassing
LA English
DT Article
DE ladle slag; computational thermodynamics; tool steel; ladle refining;
synthetic slag; ladle glaze; slag carryover
ID SULFIDE CAPACITY; SLAG COMPOSITION; STEEL PRODUCTION; MOLTEN STEEL; TOOL
STEEL; METAL; DESULFURIZATION
AB The effectiveness of a ladle refining process for production of tool steel with
focus on the top slag is studied using computational thermodynamic calculations.
The theoretical assessment was based on compositional data of steel and slag
samples collected during trials in a plant equipped with a 65-t EAF, a ladle
furnace and a vacuum degasser The calculation of slag-metal equilibrium during
ladle treatment was performed for top slag excluding (Case A) and including (Case
B) slag carryover and deoxidation products. The predictions showed that slag
carryover and deoxidation products in the ladle significantly affect the
composition of the top slag. Thus, these conditions must be taken into
consideration when predicting the actual top slag composition. It was also found
that it is possible to predict the final aluminium and sulphur content in steel
based on the same calculation approach.
C1 [Doostmohammadi, H.; Andersson, M.; Karasev, A.; Jonsson, P. G.] Royal Inst
Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Doostmohammadi, H (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol KTH, Dept Mat Sci &
EM hamiddo@kth.se
RI Doostmohammadi, Hamid/A-2677-2009
OI Doostmohammadi, Hamid/0000-0003-1779-8728
FU Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems; JK23045 committee
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the Swedish
Agency for Innovation Systems and JK23045 committee of Jernkontoret
(Swedish Steel Producers' Association) during this work. Special thanks
are given to Dr. Mselly Nzotta and Karin Steneholrn at Uddeholm Tooling
AB for fruitful discussions.
[Anonymous], P 2 INT C MATH MOD C
Björklund J, 2008, STEEL RES INT, V79, P261, DOI 10.2374/SR107SP075-79-2008-261
Brabie V, 1996, SCAND J METALL, V25, P148
Doostmohammadi H, 2009, EPD CONG, P695
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10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.90.6_408
NZOTTA M, 2008, COMMUNICATION NOV
Oertel LC, 1999, CALPHAD, V23, P379, DOI 10.1016/S0364-5916(00)00008-0
PINGFANG S, 2007, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V14, P210
SAHAI L, 2007, TUNDISH TECHNOLOGY C, P176
Sankaranarayanan R, 2002, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V29, P147, DOI
10.1179/030192302225003486
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NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 1
BP 31
EP 39
DI 10.1002/srin.200900112
PG 9
GA 559SK
UT WOS:000274847200006
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jayasankar, K
Mohapatra, S
Routray, SK
Gumaste, JL
Mukherjee, PS
AF Jayasankar, K.
Mohapatra, S.
Routray, S. K.
Gumaste, J. L.
Mukherjee, P. S.
TI Thermal Plasma Processing for the Production of Pig Iron from Various
Sources
LA English
DT Article
DE Plasma smelting; red mud; ilmenite
ID SLAG-GRAPHITE WETTABILITY; REACTION-KINETICS; METALLURGY; REACTOR
AB Thermal plasma technology is emerging as one of the eco-friendly routes for
processing fine wastes from metallurgical and allied industries. In the thermal
plasma process, high density of ionic charges makes the uniform heat transfer to
the fine material. Availability of very high temperature, high energy flux and
plasma state condition in the plasma arc allows the reactions to be completed in
short duration. The present paper deals with the use of thermal plasma technology
for the production of pig iron from various ore sources. Firstly, the most
important application of using iron ore fines has been discussed and some of the
results are presented for recovery of iron to the extent of 95% from low grade iron
ore fines. Secondly, pig iron obtained from secondary sources i.e ilmenite and red
mud (waste generated from aluminum industry) by thermal plasma has been discussed
and results are presented. Finally the need for proper development of an integrated
technology for the use of different raw material sources for making pig iron is
emphasized in the context of utilization of low grade and off grade iron ores.
C1 [Jayasankar, K.; Mohapatra, S.; Routray, S. K.; Gumaste, J. L.; Mukherjee, P.
S.] CSIR, Inst Minerals & Mat Technol, Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India.
Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology (IMMT)
RP Jayasankar, K (corresponding author), CSIR, Inst Minerals & Mat Technol,
Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India.
EM jayasankar_met@yahoo.co.in
CR [Anonymous], 1992, CLEAN TECHNOLOGY
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Mukherjee PS, 2002, T INDIAN I METALS, V55, P543
PFENDER E, 1988, PURE APPL CHEM, V60, P591, DOI 10.1351/pac198860050591
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RYKALIN NN, 1980, PURE APPL CHEM, V52, P1801, DOI 10.1351/pac198052071801
Srikanth S, 2000, P INT SEM NONF MET M, P205
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU FREUND PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD
PI TEL AVIV
PA PO BOX 35010, TEL AVIV 61350, ISRAEL
SN 0334-6455
PY 2009
VL 28
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1515/HTMP.2009.28.1-2.1
PG 8
GA 552IX
UT WOS:000274284300001
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Conejo, AN
Hernández, DE
AF Conejo, A. N.
Hernandez, D. E.
TI Optimization of aluminum deoxidation practice in the ladle furnace
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; deoxidation; ladle furnace
ID LIQUID-IRON; AL
AB Aluminum is an important and expensive deoxidant. In order to optimize its
consumption and assess their efficiency under ladle furnace conditions, a research
work was carried out at Mittal Steel Lazaro Cardenas. Samples from the steel melt
and the slag were taken at the beginning of the process and after the first
aluminum addition were made. The information obtained was analyzed in order to de.
ne the amount of aluminum required based on the initial oxidation conditions and
measure the impact of the initial oxidation conditions on aluminum efficiency. The
results are expressed as correlations and suggestions are also made to increase
aluminum efficiency, thus, contributing to minimize aluminum consumption.
C1 Morelia Technol Inst, Dept Met, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico.
Mittal Steel Lazaro Cardenas, Ladle Met Dept, Lazaro Cardenas City, Mexico.
RP Conejo, AN (corresponding author), Morelia Technol Inst, Dept Met, Av Tecnol
1500, Morelia 58120, Michoacan, Mexico.
EM aconejo@itmorelia.edu.mx
CR Seo JD, 1998, STEEL RES, V69, P49, DOI 10.1002/srin.199801342
[No title captured]
NR 3
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 8
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1042-6914
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 8
BP 796
EP 803
DI 10.1080/10426910600837764
PG 8
GA 110DZ
UT WOS:000242359800014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, S
Chakrabarti, S
Ghatak, S
Das, SK
AF Mandal, S
Chakrabarti, S
Ghatak, S
Das, SK
TI Ultra low and negative expansion glass-ceramic materials produced from
pyrophyllite and blast furnace slag
SO BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE glass-ceramic; Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2; blast furnace slag; pyrophyllite
ID ASH
AB Ultra low and negative expansion glass-ceramic materials have been obtained from
pyrophyllite and blast furnace slag.. The batch composition was modified with the
addition of lithium carbonate, hydrated alumina, boric acid and nucleating agent
(titania). The batch was melted at 1400 degrees C followed by casting in the form
of bars and annealed at 510 degrees C for 4 h. The annealed specimens were
subjected to heat treatment at predetermined temperatures selected from DTA study
of the parent glass. Thermal expansion measurement and X-ray diffraction analysis
revealed that the specimen. nucleated at 545 degrees C for 4 h and crystallized at
720 degrees C for 2 h which resulted in negative coefficient of thermal expansion
[(-) 9 to (-) 2 x 10(-7)/degrees C] over the temperature range (30-600 degrees C)
due to the formation of beta-eucryptite while other heating schedule showed the
formation of spodumene and lithium aluminium silicates. The samples showed
excellent flexural strength value and varied in the range 120-200 MPa depending
upon the phases present.
C1 Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Clay & Tradit Ceram Div, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal,
India.
Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI)
RP Das, SK (corresponding author), Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Clay & Tradit Ceram
Div, Kolkata 700032, W Bengal, India.
EM swapan@cgcri.res.in
RI DAS, SWAPAN/D-3820-2009
OI Das, Sukhen/0000-0001-8372-3076
CR BOCCACINI AR, 2002, SCIENCE, V23, P18
CHANG SH, 1980, YO OP HOE CHI, V17, P20
EPPLER RA, 1963, J AM CERAM SOC, V45, P100
FREIMANN SW, 1971, ADV NUCLEATION CRYST
Hillebrand W.F., 1953, Applied Inorganic Analysis
Hlavac J., 1983, The Technology of Glass and Ceramics: An Introduction
KNEISS CT, 2002, INTERCERAM, V51, P140
LOCSEI B, 1962, P S NUCL CRYST GLASS
MACMILLAN PW, 1980, GLASS CERAMICS
MANDAL S, 2000, P 63 ANN SESS IND CE, P77
Romero-Perez M, 2001, MATER RES BULL, V36, P1513, DOI 10.1016/S0025-
5408(01)00630-4
Rozenstrauha I, 2002, GLASS SCI TECHNOL, V75, P132
SHENNAWI AWA, 1983, AIN SHAMS SCI B, V24, P225
STRAND Z, 1986, GLASS CERAMIC MAT
Suzuki S, 1997, J MATER SCI, V32, P1775, DOI 10.1023/A:1018584202392
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YOSHIMI T, 1977, AICHIKEN KOGYO SHIDO, V15, P67
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 21
PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0250-4707
EI 0973-7669
J9 B MATER SCI
JI Bull. Mat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2005
VL 28
IS 5
BP 437
EP 443
DI 10.1007/BF02711233
PG 7
GA 960PM
UT WOS:000231605600011
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Matsumoto, T
AF Matsumoto, T
TI Distinguishable procedure for ancient iron-making slag by using major
elements
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE distinguishable procedure; ancient iron-making slag; major elements;
forging process; smelting process
AB To identify the process of iron production, some indicators are proposed by
using the chemical components of excavated slag. Especially, the ratio of Ti/Fe and
V/Fe are useful for this purpose. All indicators, however, are not always
appropriate for the distinguishable procedure between bowl-shaped slag and other
slag. It is not yet fundamentally explained that major elements of iron-making slag
caused from any materials.
In this article, ten major elements which are constituent of iron-making slag as
Silicon (Si), Iron (Fe), Aluminium (At), Titanium (Ti), Manganese (Mn), Magnesium
(Mg), Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Phosphorus (P) are considered by
using the released analytical data. Every element has been normalized against Si,
and the correlation diagrams are plotted. The correlation diagram with Si can be
distinguished as 3 groups.
(1) Elements Al, Ca, Na, K and P have positive correlation with Si. (2) Elements
Ti, Mn, and Mg do not correlate with Si. (3) Fe has negative correlation with Si.
Elements of group (1) as Ca, Na, K and P increase the content in any slag during
the smelting, refining and forging processes. Thus, it is obvious that these four
elements can not be utilized for the distinguishable procedure of ancient iron-
making slag.
On the other hand, elements of group (2) as Ti, Mn and Mg are appropriate to be
indicators for the distinguishable procedure of two types slag between forging slag
(sometimes in refining process) and other slag (normally in smelting process). On
the basis of concentration of the 3 elements, it is indicated that bowl-shaped slag
is formed in forging (sometimes in refining), and other slag is done in smelting.
As the result of this study, the ratio of element as Mn/Ti, Mn/Si, Mg/Ti and
Mg/Si are suggested to be useful as indicators for the distinguishable procedure
between bowl-shaped slag anduther slag.
C1 Tsukuba Coll Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050005, Japan.
C3 Tsukuba University of Technology
RP Matsumoto, T (corresponding author), Tsukuba Coll Technol, Amakubo 4-3-15,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050005, Japan.
CR ARAI H, 2000, B IRON STEEL I JPN, V5, P742
DUMA G, 1972, CURR ANTHROPOL, V13, P127, DOI 10.1086/201256
MATSUMOTO T, 2003, QUAT ARCHAEOL STUD, V50, P102
MATSUMOTO T, 2003, QUATERNARY RES, V42, P1
MURAKAMI E, 1992, J HIST IRON STEEL SO, V32, P82
NR 5
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PI TOKYO
SN 0021-1575
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD JAN
PY 2005
VL 91
IS 1
BP 55
EP 61
PG 7
GA 919II
UT WOS:000228611300010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Mansfield, K
Swayn, G
Harpley, J
AF Mansfield, K
Swayn, G
Harpley, J
BE Taylor, PR
Chandra, D
Bautista, RG
TI SPL treatment and fluoride recycling project
SO FUNDAMENTALS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION
LA English
CT Annual Meeting of the Minerals-Metals-and-Materials-Society
CY FEB 17-21, 2002
CL SEATTLE, WA
AB Spent Pot Lining (SPL) is an unavoidable waste product of the electrolytic
process in the smelting of aluminium. SPL is considered to be a hazardous waste in
various countries because it contains significant quantities of absorbed fluorides
along with traces of cyanide. In 1995, Portland Aluminium undertook the investment
of AUD$26,400,000 to construct a Research and Development processing facility at
Portland, Victoria, Australia, to treat SPL. Extensive research, development and
design were carried out over 5 years prior to the investment decision. This study
led Portland Aluminium to install an Ausmelt pyrometallurgical furnace to combust
and melt the SPL producing a hydrogen fluoride (HF) laden gas, which was cooled and
then converted to aluminium fluoride (AlF3). Both the cooling and AlF3 manufacture
were processes developed by Portland Aluminium. Many commissioning, equipment
reliability and process problems have been encountered that had not been
experienced in the trials at Ausmelt or in the developmental process for the
treatment of the furnace offgases to form AlF3. Designs based on anticipated
process expectations have had to be re-engineered by the SPL team to ensure plant
and operational success. In June 2001, the installation of the final major
component - a slag granulation process - was completed. This has produced a
vitrified (glassy) slag that is expected to have leachability qualities acceptable
to the Victorian Environment Protection Authority (EPA) to allow commercial end
uses of the slag material to be developed. Today (September 2001), the smelter has
successfully used the fluoride product, namely 65-70% AlF3, in aluminium production
and the SPL plant has significantly increased throughput with expectations to be at
annual design rates of 12,000 tonne of SPL in early 2002. "The Alcoa Portland SPL
Process" has been technically developed and is a proven process for the treatment
and recovery of valuable components from SPL materials.
C1 Portland Aluminium, Portland, Vic 3305, Australia.
RP Mansfield, K (corresponding author), Portland Aluminium, Private Mail Bag 1,
Portland, Vic 3305, Australia.
CR Baldock BR, 2000, AUSTRALAS I MIN MET, V2000, P169
CAMPBELL I, 1995, PRODUCTION ALUMINIUM
CLAFFIN G, 1995, HF ABSORPTION
Floyd JM, 1999, REWAS'99 GLOBAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECYCLING, WASTE TREATMENT AND
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY VOLUME I-III, P1005
FLOYD JM, 2000, BRIM MEM S VANC BC C, P173
HARPLEY J, 1999, SPL ALUMINIUM FLUORI
HARPLEY J, 2001, SPL FLUORIDE USE SUB
JEPPE CP, 1996, LIGHT MET S 96 MONTR, P117
SUN S, 2000, IMPROVED SLAG FLUXIN
5194
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-516-6
PY 2002
BP 315
EP 327
PG 3
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering;
Materials Science
GA BU23A
UT WOS:000175404000028
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Turkdogan, ET
AF Turkdogan, ET
TI Novel concept of disposable emf sensors for in situ measurements of
solute contents of liquid metals in metal-refining processes
LA English
DT Article
DE thermodynamics; solutes in liquid metals; emf-solute sensors
ID SLAGS
AB The novel feature of this unique disposable solute emf sensor for liquid metals,
described in this paper, is in the use of a molten ionic polymer, e.g.,
aluminosilicate, as the sensor electrolyte. Theoretically, with this type of molten
ionic electrolyte, it should be possible to measure the various solute contents in
liquid metals. Calculated examples are given in this paper for the emf sensor
measurements of Al, C, Ca, Cr, H, Mg, N, O, P, Si and S in liquid steel and/or hot
metal. Examples are also given for the H, O, P and S measurements in liquid copper
and H in liquid aluminium.
RP Turkdogan, ET (corresponding author), 5820 Northumberland St, Pittsburgh, PA
15217 USA.
CR Barin I, 1973, THERMOCHEMICAL PROPE
ESIN OA, 1951, ADAD NAUK USSR OTN, V8, P1234
FRUEHAN RJ, 1969, T METALL SOC AIME, V245, P1501
GOMYO K, 1993, IRON STEELMAKER, V20, P87
HULTGREN R, 1974, SELECTED VALUES THER
ICHIHARA K, 1986, STEEL RES, V57, P166, DOI 10.1002/srin.198600748
JIANG MF, 1988, STEEL RES, V59, P375, DOI 10.1002/srin.198801529
MCDOWELL WW, 1990, IRONM CONF PROC, V49, P691
MCQUILLAN AD, 1950, PROC R SOC LON SER-A, V204, P309, DOI 10.1098/rspa.1950.0176
ONOYE T, 1984, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V24, pB45
RAIBER K, 1990, STEEL RES, V61, P430, DOI 10.1002/srin.199000375
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Turkdogan ET, 2000, ISIJ INT, V40, P964, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.40.964
Turkdogan ET, 2000, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V27, P32, DOI 10.1179/030192300677354
TURKDOGAN ET, 1968, AISI YEARBOOK, P279
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 12
PI COPENHAGEN
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
PD AUG
PY 2001
VL 30
IS 4
BP 193
EP 203
DI 10.1034/j.1600-0692.2001.300401.x
PG 11
GA 457JQ
UT WOS:000170134100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, L
Liu, Y
Chen, M
Wang, N
AF Xu, Lei
Liu, Yang
Chen, Min
Wang, Nan
TI Efficient Recycling of Valuable Metals from Waste Copper Slag by Using
Secondary Aluminum Dross as a Novel Reductant
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; MAGNETIC SEPARATION; SMELTER SLAG; EAF SLAG;
IRON; SOLUBILITY; FLOTATION; RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR; REUSE
AB In this work, an innovative and carbon-free smelting reduction process is
proposed to recycle valuable metals from waste copper slag using secondary aluminum
dross as a reductant. Experimental and thermodynamic investigations were carried
out to understand the reaction and separation process and its correlation with
smelting temperature, modified basicity (CaO/SiO2 mass ratio), and dross/slag
ratio. The interaction between MgO crucible and liquid slag was also revealed,
which was found to have a critical role in metal recovery. The reduction rates of
iron and copper are close to 100 pct, but their separation from slag during
smelting is highly sensitive to temperature and basicity. Higher modified basicity
(0.9 to 1.1) is essential to enhance the recovery of valuable metals because it can
reduce both MgO dissolution and slag viscosity. At optimal conditions, 98.6 pct Fe
and 98.3 pct Cu in the slag can be recovered as a high-purity alloy. Meanwhile,
similar to 99 pct of hazardous elements in the slag have been removed by a
reduction-evaporation mechanism. From the results, it is clear that aluminum dross
is an efficient, green, and cost-effective reductant for copper slag, by which
these two industrial wastes can be transformed into clean and value-added products.
(C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2022
C1 [Xu, Lei; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min; Wang, Nan] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Lei; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min; Wang, Nan] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen
Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, L (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall
Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RI Wang, Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Wang, Nan/ACI-4675-2022; Li, Guo/JNR-1700-2023;
Wang, Nan/ABA-1364-2021
OI Wang, Nan/0000-0001-5601-7838; Liu, Yang/0009-0004-0891-1607
52074077, 52074081]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities [N2225020]
China [Grant Numbers 51804075, 51974080, 52074077 and 52074081] and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [Grant Number
N2225020].
10.1179/037195510X12772935654945
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402
NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 5
BP 2824
EP 2837
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02567-6
EA JUN 2022
PG 14
Engineering
GA 4N3PL
UT WOS:000814041400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Glerum, JA
De Luca, A
Schuster, ML
Kenel, C
Leinenbach, C
Dunand, DC
AF Glerum, Jennifer A.
De Luca, Anthony
Schuster, Marvin L.
Kenel, Christoph
Leinenbach, Christian
Dunand, David C.
TI Effect of oxide dispersoids on precipitation-strengthened Al-1.7Zr (wt
%) alloys produced by laser powder-bed fusion
SO ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser powder-bed fusion; Oxide dispersion strengthening; Creep;
Coarsening; Additive manufacturing; Aluminum
ID ZR-TI ALLOYS; AL-ZR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION;
AL3ZR PHASE; SC; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; CREEP; SOLIDIFICATION
AB Binary Al-1.7 wt % Zr (Al-0.5 at % Zr) alloys, with and without 1 wt % (0.7 vol
%) Al2O3 nanoparticle additions (80-100 nm), are fabricated by laser powder-bed
fusion (L-PBF) from blends of Al, Zr, and Al2O3 powders. Elemental Zr, which is
similar to 80 % dissolved in the melt pool, forms primary L1(2)-Al3Zr precipitates
upon solidification and is also retained in a supersaturated solid solution in the
Al matrix. The primary L1(2)-Al3Zr phase takes three forms: (i) discrete, micron-
sized precipitates that nucleate fine Al matrix grains, (ii) elongated "strings "
of submicron precipitates forming in highly enriched Zr regions, and (iii) < 100 nm
precipitates within fine Al-grains. The Al2O3 nanodispersoid additions are either
lost to slag or entrapped within Al-grains as oxide dis-persoids, resulting in an
oxide concentration of 0.46 wt % for the modified ODS alloy. Al2O3 nanoscale dis-
persoids (0.28 wt %) are also observed in the unmodified alloy, and are assumed to
originate from (i) native oxides from the surface of the Al powder particles,
and/or (ii) reaction with trace amounts of oxygen in the processing environment.
The hardness upon aging at 400 C reaches a peak value of-750-850 MPa after 1.5 h,
consistent with precipitation of secondary L1(2)-Al3Zr nanoprecipitates. Upon
overaging, hardness slowly de-creases to 500 MPa (the as-processed value) after
1,500 h at 400 C, with no difference observed between the Al -Zr and Al-Zr-Al2O3
alloys. Strengthening mechanisms combines Hall-Petch strengthening from micron-
sized grains, Zr solid-solution strengthening, and secondary L1(2)-Al3Zr
precipitate strengthening, with slow precipi-tate coarsening and effective grain
pinning by Al3Zr precipitates and oxide dispersoids located at grain bound-aries.
Creep resistance is comparable for both alloys, which show threshold stresses of
~15 and 6 MPa, at 300 and 400 C respectively. Oxygen content analysis is
recommended for all Al-based alloys fabricated via L-PBF due to the potential for
non-reproducible nanoscale oxide inclusions (from native oxide on Al powders and
from reaction with residual oxygen), which may affect the mechanical properties of
the alloys, but are difficult to observe via SEM or TEM analysis.
C1 [Glerum, Jennifer A.; Kenel, Christoph; Dunand, David C.] Northwestern Univ,
Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[De Luca, Anthony; Schuster, Marvin L.; Leinenbach, Christian] Empa Swiss Fed
Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Lab Adv Mat Proc, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf,
Switzerland.
C3 Northwestern University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain;
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science & Technology (EMPA)
RP Dunand, DC (corresponding author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM dunand@northwestern.edu
RI Dunand, David C/B-7515-2009; Leinenbach, Christian/I-6276-2013
OI Leinenbach, Christian/0000-0003-0435-495X; Glerum,
Jennifer/0000-0002-0241-9011
FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-18-1-0129]; DEVCOM Army Research
Labora-tory [W911NF-19-2-0092]; Army ResearchLaboratory (ARL) Oak Ridge
Associated Universities (ORAU) via a Journeyman Fellowship grant
[ECCS-1542205]; Think Swiss Research Scholarship [NSF DMR-1720139];
Swiss State Secre-tariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI)
[70NANB14H012]; Higher Education of Switzerland; Soft and Hybrid
Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF); MRSEC program;
International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); Keck Foundation; State
of Illinois, through the IIN; Center for Hierarchical Materials and
Design (CHiMaD); (CHiMaD); Unity Aluminum
FX This research received funding from the US Army Research Office
(W911NF-18-1-0129) and from the DEVCOM Army Research Labora-tory
(W911NF-19-2-0092) . JAG was supported by the Army ResearchLaboratory
(ARL) Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) via a Journeyman
Fellowship grant. JAG also acknowledges the support of a Think Swiss
Research Scholarship, provided by the Swiss State Secre-tariat for
Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) managed by the Office of
Science, Technology, and Higher Education of Switzerland. This work made
use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University?s NUANCE Center,
which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology
Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205) ; the MRSEC program
(NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International
Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN) ; the Keck Foundation; and the State
of Illinois, through the IIN. This work also made use of the Center for
Hierarchical Materials and Design (CHiMaD under grant No. 70NANB14H012)
Metals Processing Facility, and the Materials Characterization and
Imaging Facility which receives support from the MRSEC Program (NSF
DMR-1720139) of the Materials Research Center at Northwestern
University. The authors thank Dr. Paul Adler (NU, CHiMaD) for assistance
with HIP and Dr. Jon-Erik Mogonye (ARL) for numerous useful discussions.
DCD discloses financial interests relative to the aluminum alloy
companies Unity Aluminum and NanoAl, LLC.
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NR 74
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-8604
EI 2214-7810
J9 ADDIT MANUF
JI Addit. Manuf.
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 56
AR 102933
DI 10.1016/j.addma.2022.102933
EA JUN 2022
PG 12
GA 2A7CP
UT WOS:000809655800002
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, XF
Zhang, TA
Wang, K
Lv, G
Chao, X
Yang, XW
AF Li, Xiaofei
Zhang, Ting-An
Wang, Kun
Lv, Guozhi
Chao, Xi
Yang, Xuewei
TI Experimental Research on Vortex Melting Reduction of High-Iron Red Mud
(Bauxite Residue)
SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE High-iron red mud; Vortex melting reduction; Recovery iron; Pig iron
ID RECOVERY; ALUMINA; ACID
AB In this study, the advantages of the vortex melting reduction treatment of red
mud were verified. Vortex melting reduction can improve the feeding rate, promote
the reaction and the directional deposition of iron, which was conducive to the
separation of slag and gold. The effects of different adding methods, stirring
speed and reaction time on iron recovery were investigated by using red mud,
aluminum leached slag and calcified slag as raw materials. According to the
experiment, the best reaction conditions were that the raw material put into the
furnace by rolling pellets, stirring speed 125 RPM, and reaction time 30 min. The
results provided an experimental basis for the harmless and high-value utilization
of high-iron red mud treated by vortex melting reduction.
C1 [Li, Xiaofei; Zhang, Ting-An; Wang, Kun; Lv, Guozhi; Chao, Xi; Yang, Xuewei]
RP Zhang, TA (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM zta2000@163.net
RI li, xiao/HJP-5134-2023; li, xiao/HKV-8405-2023; YANG,
XUEWEI/C-8052-2011; LI, XIAO/IQV-9318-2023; Li, xiaofei/GXF-7187-2022
Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [N2025038]
FX work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 51874078). The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities of China (Grant No. N2025038).
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NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0007-4861
EI 1432-0800
J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX
JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 109
IS 1
SI SI
BP 155
EP 162
DI 10.1007/s00128-022-03501-x
EA MAR 2022
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 3B2JC
UT WOS:000773203700001
PM 35338371
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, BB
Zhang, J
Yan, BJ
AF Zhao, Bingbing
Zhang, Jie
Yan, Baijun
TI Interfacial Phenomena and Reaction Kinetics between High Al Molten Steel
and CaO-SiO2-Type Flux
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE high Mn-high Al steel; dynamic interfacial phenomena; reaction kinetics;
process efficiency
ID MOLD FLUX; REACTION-MECHANISM; METAL DROPLETS; SLAG; ALUMINUM;
ACCUMULATION; VISCOSITY; RATIO
AB To understand the reaction mechanism between high Mn-high Al steel and slag, the
reaction experiment of Fe-Mn-Al melts with CaO-SiO2-type flux was carried out in
MgO crucible at 1873 K. The evolution of the morphology of interface was inspected
firstly, and then the global reaction kinetics was modeled in consideration of the
effect of dynamic interfacial phenomena. The results show that in the reaction of
Fe-5 mass % Al alloy with high SiO2 or low SiO2 protective slag, the strong
chemical affinity between the metal and flux leads to strong spontaneous
emulsification and attenuated with the progression of the reaction. Combined with
the change of interfacial area caused by emulsification, it is found that the
global reaction kinetics can be described satisfactorily by the mass transfer model
of Al in liquid steel, and the determined mass transfer coefficient was about
k([Al]) = 4.46x10(-5) m/s. However, the emulsification phenomenon in the reaction
of Fe-13%Mn-5%Al alloy with low SiO2 slag did not disappear with the reaction,
which can be attributed to the decreasing of the interfacial tension with Mn
addition and the accumulation of C on the interface. This reaction process can be
modeled by assuming the mass transfer of SiO2 in the slag as the rate-controlling
step with the estimated transfer coefficient of k(SiO2)=5.12x10(-6) m/s.
C1 [Zhao, Bingbing; Zhang, Jie; Yan, Baijun] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
RP Yan, BJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM 18331774134@163.com; zhangj@ustb.edu.cn; baijunyan@ustb.edu.cn
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51774025).
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522
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2019-291
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 10
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD MAR
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 3
AR 391
DI 10.3390/met12030391
PG 17
Engineering
GA 0A6ZW
UT WOS:000774101000001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fan, L
Liu, CJ
Jiang, MF
AF Fan, Lei
Liu, Chengjun
Jiang, Maofa
TI Viscosity and Its Correlation to the Ionic Structure of
CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 Slags with
Various La2O3 Additions
LA English
DT Article
ID VISCOUS BEHAVIOR; MOLD FLUXES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SULFIDE CAPACITY;
HEAT-TRANSFER; MASS-RATIO; TEMPERATURE; B2O3; ALUMINUM; BORATE
AB The relationship between the viscosity and ionic structure of CaO-Al2O3-B2O3
slag with different La2O3 contents was studied using a rotating viscometer, X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),
and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that with the increase of La2O3 within
10 wt pct, the slag viscosity, activation energy, and break temperature decreased.
However, when La2O3 was excessively added, the viscous behavior of slag was
determined by the balance between the depolymerized structure and strong ionic
interaction. Structural analysis indicated that the slag network structure was
simplified due to the increment of the relative fraction of nonbridging oxygen (O-)
and the decrement of bridging oxygen (O-0) with the addition of La2O3, leading to
the reduction of viscosity. In detail, free oxygen (O2-) released from La2O3
depolymerized the aluminate network structure. Moreover, increasing La2O3 promoted
the conversion of [BO4] to [BO3] units with nonbridging oxygen, resulting in the
depolymerization and loosening of the borate structure. For the present slag
system, Ca2+ played the role of charge compensation due to the small cationic field
strength and dominant mole fraction, while La3+ mainly interacted with more NBOs in
the melt for balancing charges. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and
C1 [Fan, Lei; Liu, Chengjun; Jiang, Maofa] Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab
Ecol Met Multimet Ores, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Fan, Lei; Liu, Chengjun; Jiang, Maofa] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang
RP Liu, CJ (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimet Ores, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM liucj@smm.neu.edu.cn
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [U1908224, 51874082, 51904064]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by the
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1908224, 51874082, and
51904064).
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413
NR 76
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 2
BP 1295
EP 1307
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02427-3
EA FEB 2022
PG 13
Engineering
GA ZU2BD
UT WOS:000755390800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, DF
Jia, YW
Li, Q
Zhao, YL
Zhang, WW
AF Song, Dongfu
Jia, Yiwang
Li, Qing
Zhao, Yuliang
Zhang, Weiwen
TI Effect of Initial Fe Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
of Recycled Al-7.0Si-Fe-Mn Alloys with Constant Mn/Fe Ratio
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE initial Fe content; gravity settlement; Fe-rich phase; plasticity
ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; RICH INTERMETALLICS; CAST-ALUMINUM;
MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; CRACK INITIATION; IRON; MN; PHASES; REMOVAL;
MELT
AB The effect of initial Fe content on the iron removal efficiency, morphology
evolution of the Fe-rich phase and the mechanical properties of the recycled Al-
7Si-xFe-1.2xMn alloy during melt holding was studied using an optical microscope
(OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and tensile testing. The results show that
with the increase of the initial Fe content, the residual Fe concentration of the
alloys gradually increased, and the corresponding removal efficiency of Fe
gradually was increased to 77.67%. The type of Fe-rich phase in the alloys changes
from alpha-Al-15(FeMn)(3)Si-2 to a mixture of alpha-Al-15(FeMn)(3)Si-2 and beta-
Al5FeSi, and its morphological evolution is as follows: coarse Chinese-script +
polygon -> dense Chinese-script + polygon -> polygonal + dense Chinese-script +
plate-like. Furthermore, the morphology of the Fe-rich phase in the slag changes
from a polygonal shape to an irregular shape with a two-layer structure. The
formation and increase of the inner layer with high Mn-content in the irregular-
shape phase is the main reason for the increasing residual Fe content. The
plasticity of the alloy increases obviously with the increase of the initial Fe
content, but the formation of the beta-Al5FeSi with plate-like morphology in higher
Fe-containing alloy may hinder further improvement of the plasticity.
C1 [Song, Dongfu; Jia, Yiwang] Guangdong Acad Sci, Inst New Mat, Guangzhou 510650,
Peoples R China.
[Song, Dongfu; Zhang, Weiwen] South China Univ Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Near
Net Shape Forming Metall M, Guangzhou 510641, Peoples R China.
[Li, Qing] Guangzhou Coll Technol & Business, Sch Liberal Arts Educ, Guangzhou
[Zhao, Yuliang] Dongguan Univ Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Dongguan 523808, Peoples R
China.
C3 Guangdong Academy of Sciences; Institute of New Materials, Guangdong
Academy of Sciences; South China University of Technology; Dongguan
RP Song, DF (corresponding author), Guangdong Acad Sci, Inst New Mat, Guangzhou
510650, Peoples R China.; Song, DF; Zhang, WW (corresponding author), South China
Univ Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Near Net Shape Forming Metall M, Guangzhou 510641,
Peoples R China.
EM songyuren1015@163.com; ywjia2018@163.com; barbaralq@126.com;
zhaoyl@dgut.edu.cn; mewzhang@scut.edu.cn
RI Zhao, Yuliang/J-6872-2019
OI Zhao, Yuliang/0000-0002-6036-0601
Science and Technology Plan Program of Guangdong Province
[2015B090926013, 2019B090905009]; Key-Area Research and Development
Program of Guangdong Province [2020B010186002]
FX FundingThis research was funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 52074131 and 52104373), and the Science and
Technology Plan Program of Guangdong Province (Nos.2015B090926013 and
2019B090905009). And the APC was funded by the Key-Area Research and
Development Program of Guangdong Province (2020B010186002).
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TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 20
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 15
IS 4
AR 1618
DI 10.3390/ma15041618
PG 12
Physics
GA ZK5PM
UT WOS:000763040000001
PM 35208158
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, WF
Wang, GB
Zhang, YL
Cheng, GG
Zhan, ZH
AF Zhang, Weifeng
Wang, Guanbo
Zhang, Yanling
Cheng, Guoguang
Zhan, Zhonghua
TI Formation Mechanism and Improvement of Magnetic Particle Inspection
Defects in Cr5 Backup Roller Forged Ingot
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cr5; back-up roller; forged ingot; large-size inclusions;
SiO2-MnO-Al2O3; contact angle; aluminum deoxidation; magnetic particle
inspection; defects
ID SPEED STEEL ROLLS; KILLED STEEL; INCLUSIONS; DEOXIDATION; RESISTANCE;
IRON; WEAR
AB Industrial tests and thermodynamic calculations were utilized to investigate the
source and formation of magnetic particle inspection defects identified on the
near-surface of the Cr5 back-up roll forged ingot, which was used in large cold
rolling mills. The results showed that the linear aggregating SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 liquid
inclusions up to 3 mm led to the flaw detection failure. SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 liquid
inclusions were firstly formed in the inductive furnace. Due to its low contact
angle, a huge amount of SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 liquid inclusions were inherited into the
forged ingot. The formation of SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 liquid inclusions was attributed to
the over-oxidation and relatively low aluminum content in the molten steel, as
calculated by Factsage 8.1. Controlling the amount of aluminum in molten steel
during the smelting process could modify the formation of SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 and CaO-
SiO2-Al2O3 liquid oxide into solid Al2O3 type inclusions that were easily removed.
Besides, the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 liquid oxide could be transformed from CaO-Al2O3 type
oxide by the significant loss of aluminum content during the VD process or slag
entrapment. Certain content of aluminum in the molten steel could improve the flaw
detection caused by the aggregating SiO2-MnO-Al2O3 inclusions effectively.
C1 [Zhang, Weifeng; Wang, Guanbo; Zhang, Yanling; Cheng, Guoguang] Univ Sci &
[Zhang, Weifeng; Zhan, Zhonghua] Luoyang CITIC HIC Casting & Forging Co Ltd,
Luoyang 471039, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, YL (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM zhangwf@citic-hic.com.cn; owenbread@xs.ustb.edu.cn;
zhangyanling@metall.ustb.edu.cn; chengguoguang@metall.ustb.edu.cn;
lyzhan1005@xs.ustb.edu.cn
RI ZHAO, S/IWV-4219-2023; Bread, Owen/JHT-2982-2023; li, wei/IUQ-2973-2023
OI Wang, Guanbo/0000-0002-6354-6030
FX This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China, grant numbers U196021 and 51874034.
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NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 12
U2 25
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 2
AR 295
DI 10.3390/met12020295
PG 19
Engineering
GA 2B9PA
UT WOS:000810511900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nurjaman, F
Handoko, AS
Bahfie, F
Astuti, W
Suharno, B
AF Nurjaman, Fajar
Handoko, Anton Sapto
Bahfie, Fathan
Astuti, Widi
Suharno, Bambang
TI Effect of modified basicity in selective reduction process of limonitic
nickel ore
LA English
DT Article
DE Basicity; Selective reduction; Limonitic nickel ore; Ferronickel
ID LATERITE ORE; CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION; FERRONICKEL; IRON; BENEFICIATION;
SEPARATION; SAPROLITE; SLAG; CO
AB Basicity is an important parameter in the smelting of nickel laterite to obtain
lowtemperature melting point and low-liquidus slag viscosity, resulting in less
energy consumption and a more effective smelting process ferronickel production.
Nevertheless, it is still less studied in selective reduction of nickel laterite.
In this work, the effect of binary, ternary, and quaternary basicity limonitic
nickel ore had been investigated clearly to reveal the appropriate basicity in the
selective reduction process. The basicity was modified with the addition of CaO,
MgO, SiO2, and Al2O3 in nickel laterite. The reduction process was conducted in a
muffle furnace at 1150 degrees C for 60 min. It was continued with the magnetic
separation process to separate concentrate and tailing. The appropriate basicity
type in selective reduction of limonitic ore was 0.3 of ternary basicity (BT1) and
0.2 of quaternary basicity (BQ1), which had a similar nickel grade and recovery,
i.e., 6.08% and 88.33%, respectively. At low basicity, the addition of CaO and SiO2
could suppress the metallization of iron through troilite and fayalite formation,
respectively. Nevertheless, more CaO addition at high basicity could inhibit the
ferronickel agglomeration due to the formation of high melting point structures,
i.e., melilite. Modifying basicity with the addition of MgO and Al2O3 resulted in a
negative effect in selective reduction due to the formation of a complex structure
of forsterite and magnesioferrite (with an aluminum substitute), which was more
difficult to reduce than magnetite. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier
B.V.
C1 [Nurjaman, Fajar; Suharno, Bambang] Univ Indonesia, Met & Mat Engn Dept, Depok,
West Java, Indonesia.
[Nurjaman, Fajar; Handoko, Anton Sapto; Bahfie, Fathan; Astuti, Widi] Indonesian
Inst Sci, Res Unit Mineral Technol, Jakarta, Indonesia.
C3 University of Indonesia; National Research & Innovation Agency of
Indonesia (BRIN); Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
RP Nurjaman, F; Suharno, B (corresponding author), Univ Indonesia, Met & Mat Engn
Dept, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.; Nurjaman, F (corresponding author), Indonesian
Inst Sci, Res Unit Mineral Technol, Jakarta, Indonesia.
EM fajar.nurjaman@lipi.go.id; suharno@metal.ui.ac.id
RI Astuti, Widi/I-6890-2019
OI Bahfie, Fathan/0000-0003-3460-469X
FU Universitas Indonesia [NKB-648/UN2. RST/HKP.05.00/2020]
FX The authors would like thanks to the Universitas Indonesia for the PUTI
2020 grant with Contract No. NKB-648/UN2. RST/HKP.05.00/2020 for funding
this research and LIPI's science services for research laboratories.
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NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2021
VL 15
BP 6476
EP 6490
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.11.052
EA DEC 2021
PG 15
Engineering
GA XW0WL
UT WOS:000735350300001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Parshin, SG
Levchenko, AM
Wang, PF
AF Parshin, Sergey G.
Levchenko, Alexey M.
Wang, Pengfei
TI Metallurgy and Mechanism of Underwater Wet Cutting Using Oxidizing and
Exothermic Flux-Cored Wires
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE underwater wet cutting; flux-cored wire; metallurgical processes;
electric arc
ID CRYOLITE-ALUMINA MELTS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOLUBILITY; OXIDES;
PARAMETERS; QUALITY
AB This paper considers the metallurgical processes of dissociation, ionization,
oxidation, deoxidation, and dissolution of oxides during underwater wet cutting. A
multiphase mechanism of underwater wet cutting consisting of working and idle
cycles of the electrical process in a pulsating vapor gas bubble is proposed. A
model of arc penetration into metal due to metal oxidation and stabilization of the
arc by the inner walls of a narrow kerf is proposed. For underwater cutting of 10
KhSND, 304L steel, CuAl5, and AlMg4.5Mn0.7 alloy, we provide a principle of
modeling the phase composition of the gas mixture based on high oxygen
concentration, improving ionization, enthalpy, heat capacity, and thermal
conductivity of plasma through the use of a mixture of KNO3, FeCO3 and aluminum.
The method of improving the thermophysical properties and ionization of plasma due
to the exothermic effect when introducing Fe3O4, MoO2, WO2 oxides and Al, Mg, Ti
deoxidizers is proposed. Although a negative effect of refractory slag was
revealed, it could be removed by using the method of reducing surface tension
through the ionic dissolution of refractory oxides in Na3AlF6 cryolite. In
underwater cutting of 10 KhSND and 304L, the steel welding current was 344-402 A
with a voltage of 36-39 V; in cutting of CuAl5 and AlMg4.5Mn0.7 alloy, the welding
current was 360-406; 240 A, with a voltage of 35-37; 38 V, respectively, with the
optimal composition of flux-cored wire: 50-60% FeCO3 and KNO3, 20-30% aluminum, 20%
Na3AlF6. Application of flux-cored wires of the KNO3-FeCO3-Na3AlF6-Al system
allowed stable cutting of 10KhSND, AISI 304L steels, and CuAl5 bronze with kerf
width up to 2.5-4.7 mm.
C1 [Parshin, Sergey G.; Wang, Pengfei] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ,
Inst Mech Engn Mat & Transport, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
[Levchenko, Alexey M.] Educ Sci & Tech Ctr Svarka, Dept Underwater Welding &
Technol, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
C3 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
RP Parshin, SG (corresponding author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ,
Inst Mech Engn Mat & Transport, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
EM parshin@spbstu.ru; lab@untc-svarka.ru; van2.p@edu.spbstu.ru
RI Parshin, Sergey G./AAD-7950-2021
OI PARSHIN, SERGEY G./0000-0003-4704-8522
FU Educational Scientific and Technical Center "Svarka", St. Petersburg,
Russia
FX This research was supported by the Educational Scientific and Technical
Center "Svarka", St. Petersburg, Russia.
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NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 16
AR 4655
DI 10.3390/ma14164655
PG 19
Physics
GA UG9OJ
UT WOS:000689571800001
PM 34443177
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, J
Azimi, G
AF Kim, Jihye
Azimi, Gisele
TI Valorization of electric arc furnace slag via carbothermic reduction
followed by acid baking - water leaching
LA English
DT Article
DE Acid baking - water leaching; Carbothermic reduction; Electric arc
furnace slag; Steelmaking slag; Waste valorization
ID BLAST-FURNACE; IRON-ORE; RECOVERY; SEPARATION; ALUNOGEN; TITANIUM
AB The current study is focused on developing a two-step pym-hydrometallurgical
process for the recovery of valuable components of electric arc furnace (EAF) slag
produced by the steelmaking industry. The first step (hot step) involves
carbothermic reduction of the EAF slag to recover iron along with niobium,
chromium, and manganese in a metallic phase and titanium, magnesium, and aluminum
in an iron-depleted slag phase. The second step (cold step) involves acid baking -
water leaching of the iron-depleted smelting slag to recover these metals in an
iron-depleted slag phase. Fractional factorial design of experiment and response
surface methodology were utilized to find the optimum operating parameters of the
two steps, respectively. The optimum operating conditions were determined to be
smelting temperature of 1600 degrees C, carbon to slag mass ratio of 0.12 g/gEAFS,
and no flux addition for carbothermic reduction and baking temperature of 185
degrees C, acid to smelting slag mass ratio of 2.03, baking time of 69.8 min, and
water to acid-baked slag ratio of 5.83 for acid baking - water leaching. The
metallic phase obtained in the smelting process contains 70.2 wt% iron, 17.3 wt%
manganese, 7.0 wt% chromium, and 0.2 wt% niobium. The developed extraction process
results in 86.4% titanium and 100% aluminum and magnesium extraction. We expect the
findings of this study to help enable the EAF slag valorization using the two-step
(hot and cold) pyro-hydrometallurgical process, contributing to sustainable
recycling and circular economy.
C1 [Kim, Jihye; Azimi, Gisele] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Lab
[Azimi, Gisele] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 184 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S
3E4, Canada.
C3 University of Toronto; University of Toronto
RP Azimi, G (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Chem Engn & Appl Chem, Lab
Strateg Mat, 200 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada.; Azimi, G (corresponding
author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 184 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4,
Canada.
EM g.azimi@utoronto.ca
OI Kim, Jihye/0000-0002-7903-7855
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
[503603]; Ontario Centres of Excellence (OCE) [503616]; Tenova
Goodfellow [503604]
FX This work was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (NSERC) [503603], Ontario Centres of Excellence (OCE)
[503616], and Tenova Goodfellow [503604]. We thank Mr. Vittorio Scipolo
from Tenova Goodfellow for the collaboration throughout the project. We
thank Mr. Kok Long Ng for help with SEM-EDS, Dr. Raiden Acosta for help
with XRD and alkali fusion, Dr. Yanan Liu for help with EPMA, and Mr.
Feng Liu for help with magnetic separation.
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NR 46
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
EI 1879-0658
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 173
AR 105710
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105710
EA JUN 2021
PG 12
GA TF4QG
UT WOS:000670702800013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, G
Shi, XF
Zhu, ZH
Chang, LZ
AF Gao, Gang
Shi, Xiaofang
Zhu, Zhenghai
Chang, Lizhong
TI Effect of TiO2 content in slag on Ti content in molten steel
LA English
DT Article
DE clean steel; Ti; TiO2; slag; coexistence theory
AB A calculation model of activity for CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 slag is established
according to molecular-ion coexistence theory of slag structure to calculate the
activities of Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 in the slag. The possibility of TiO2 reduction
in the slag during refining is analyzed by thermodynamics and verified by
laboratory and industrial experiments. Both theoretical analysis and laboratory
experimental results show that the content of TiO2 in the ladle slag significantly
influences the Ti content in molten steel. When the content of the dissolved
aluminum in molten steel is 0.030-0.050%, the TiO2 content in the ladle slag should
be controlled below 0.3% to prevent TiO2 reduction. The critical content of TiO2
decreases with an increasing amount of the dissolved aluminum in molten steel. In
addition, silicon should be used as a deoxidizer during diffused deoxidization
because aluminum as a deoxidizer would lead to the reduction of TiO2. The
industrial experiments confirm the results of the laboratory experiments and
thermodynamics analysis.
C1 [Gao, Gang; Shi, Xiaofang; Zhu, Zhenghai; Chang, Lizhong] Anhui Univ Technol,
Sch Met Engn, Maanshan 243002, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Gao, Gang] SINO STEEL Maanshan Inst Min Res Co Ltd, Inst Safety & Environm Engn
Technol, Maanshan 243000, Anhui, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Technology
RP Shi, XF (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met Engn, Maanshan
EM shixiaofang602@163.com
FU National Nature Science Foundations of China [51974002]
FX This study was funded by the National Nature Science Foundations of
China (Grant No. 51974002).
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402
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 18
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD APR 20
PY 2021
VL 40
BP 99
EP 107
DI 10.1515/htmp-2021-0015
PG 9
GA RV0ZU
UT WOS:000645567400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, TS
Lee, SB
Park, JH
AF Kim, Tae Sung
Lee, Sang-Beom
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Effect of Tundish Flux on Compositional Changes in Non-metallic
Inclusions in Stainless Steel Melts
LA English
DT Article
DE tundish flux; non-metallic Inclusion; 304 stainless steel; degree of
supersaturation; population density function (PDF); spinel;
refractory-slag-metal-inclusion (ReSMI) multiphase reaction model
ID KINETIC-MODEL; FORMATION BEHAVIOR; MOLTEN STEEL; FE-NI; TOP SLAG; MN;
EVOLUTION; METAL; TI; THERMODYNAMICS
AB The effect of the tundish flux on the evolution of non-metallic inclusions in
Si-killed 304 (18%Cr-8%Ni) stainless steel has been investigated at 1 773 K. The
interfacial reaction between molten steel and the CaP-Al2O3 MgO flux causes the
aluminum pick-up from the liquid slag into the steel melt, resulting in a decrease
in the oxygen content in the steel. The aluminum originating from the slag modifies
the preexisting Mn-silicate inclusions into alumina-rich inclusions in the steel.
Because the oxygen content in the steel decreases as it reacts with the CaO-Al2O3
MgO flux, the degree of supersaturation for alumina formation is too low to
precipitate new-born alumina particles in the steel. By analyzing the population
density function (PDF) results for inclusions, it can be observed that the growth
of spinel-type inclusions occurs by the diffusion of aluminum and magnesium in the
steel. On the other hand, the composition of the steel, as well as the evolution of
inclusions, is negligibly changed when the CaO SiO2 MgO flux is added to the molten
steel. Furthermore, the computational simulation for predicting the evolution of
inclusions in molten steel during a continuous casting tundish process was carried
out based on a refractory-slag-metal-inclusion (ReSMI) multiphase reaction model.
C1 [Kim, Tae Sung; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan
15588, South Korea.
[Lee, Sang-Beom] POSCO, Tech Res Lab, Steelmaking Res Grp, Pohang 37859, South
Korea.
C3 Hanyang University; POSCO
15588, South Korea.
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Van Ende MA, 2009, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V36, P201, DOI 10.1179/174328109X401550
4
NR 56
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2021
VL 61
IS 12
BP 2998
EP 3007
PG 10
GA YA1BJ
UT WOS:000738077200017
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Akuov, A
Samuratov, Y
Kelamanov, B
Zhumagaliyev, Y
Taizhigitova, M
AF Akuov, A.
Samuratov, Ye
Kelamanov, B.
Zhumagaliyev, Ye
Taizhigitova, M.
TI DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF REFINED
FERROCHROME
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE ferrochrome; aluminum-silicothermal process; multicomponent alloy;
chrome oxide; laboratory experiments
AB In the article presented the refined ferrochrome smelting technologies by
furnace, converter and out-of-furnace methods. The main attention is paid to the
new aluminum-silicothermal process for obtaining refined ferrochrome by the furnace
method using a multicomponent alloy - aluminosilicochrome.The results of laboratory
experiments on the smelting of ferrochrome using the multicomponent alloy are
presented. As a result, melting products were obtained: ferrochrome with 63 - 68 %
chromium and 1 - 3 % carbon and slag with 2 - 6 % chromium oxide.
C1 [Akuov, A.; Samuratov, Ye; Kelamanov, B.; Zhumagaliyev, Ye; Taizhigitova, M.]
Aktobe Reg State Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
RP Akuov, A (corresponding author), Aktobe Reg State Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
EM akuov.am@mail.ru; samuratov.ek@mail.ru
RI Zhumagaliyev, Yerlan/AAU-5212-2020; Келаманов, Бауыржан
Сатыбалдыулы/ABE-5597-2021
OI Келаманов, Бауыржан Сатыбалдыулы/0000-0001-7646-9153; Zhumagaliyev,
Yerlan/0000-0003-2227-0661; Akuov, Ashat/0000-0002-5163-5378
CR Baisanov S.O, Sposob vyplavki rafinirivannogo ferrokhroma, Patent No. 19055
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NR 12
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 6
PU CROATIAN METALLURGICAL SOC
PI ZAGREB
PA BERISLAVICEVA 6, ZAGREB, CROATIA
SN 0543-5846
EI 1334-2576
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 59
IS 4
BP 529
EP 532
PG 4
GA OU5YF
UT WOS:000591603500022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, XH
Xu, X
Liu, W
Huang, L
Li, H
Wu, C
Mu, WH
Li, X
AF Chen, Xuehui
Xu, Xin
Liu, Wei
Huang, Lei
Li, Hao
Wu, Chao
Mu, Weihao
Li, Xiang
TI Study on the Influence of Surface Temperature Field of Aluminum Alloy
Etched by Laser Water Jet Composite Machining
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE water-jet-assisted laser processing; aluminum alloy; temperature field
detection system; heat transfer mechanism
ID UNDERWATER; METAL
AB This paper studies the compound effect of liquid medium and laser on the
workpiece and analyses the law of material surface temperature change during the
processing. Taking 7075-T6 aluminum alloy as the research object, the surface
temperature field of aluminum alloy processed using water-jet-assisted laser
machining under different process parameters was simulated using finite element
software. In addition, the temperature field of the material surface was detected
in real-time using the self-built water-jet-assisted laser machining temperature
field detection system, and the processing results were observed and verified using
an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, and energy spectrum analyzer.
The results show that when the water jet inflow angle is 45 degrees, the heat-
affected area of the material surface is the smallest, and the cooling effect of
the temperature field of the material surface is better. Considering the liquidus
melting point of 7075 aluminum alloys, it is concluded that the processing effect
is better when the water jet velocity is 14 m center dot s(-1), the laser power is
100 W, and the laser scanning speed is 1.2 mm center dot s(-1). At this time, the
quality of the tank is relatively good, there are no cracks in the bottom of the
tank, and there is less slag accumulation. Compared with anhydrous laser etching,
water-jet-assisted laser etching can reduce the problems of micro-cracks, molten
slag, and the formation of a recast layer in laser etching and improve the quality
of the workpiece, and the composition of the bottom slag does not change. This
study provides theoretical guidance and application support for the selection and
optimization of process parameters for water-jet-assisted laser etching of aluminum
alloy and further enriches the heat transfer mechanism of multi-field coupling in
the process of water-jet-assisted laser machining.
C1 [Chen, Xuehui; Xu, Xin; Liu, Wei; Huang, Lei; Li, Hao; Wu, Chao; Mu, Weihao]
Anhui Jianzhu Univ, Key Lab Intelligent Mfg Construct Machinery, Hefei 230601,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiang] Hefei Univ Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Hefei 230009, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui Jianzhu University; Hefei University of Technology
RP Liu, W (corresponding author), Anhui Jianzhu Univ, Key Lab Intelligent Mfg
Construct Machinery, Hefei 230601, Peoples R China.
EM chenxuehui@ahjzu.edu.cn; xuxin@ahjzu.edu.cn; wliu@hfcas.ac.cn;
huang175@ahjzu.edu.cn; lihao402@aliyun.com; cwhf2020@yeah.net;
muweihao@yeah.net; 2019010015@mail.hfut.edu.cn
OI Weihao, Mu/0000-0001-7949-328X; wei, liu/0000-0002-4011-5844; Li,
Xiang/0000-0003-2798-4639
FU Provincial Key Project of Natural Science Research Anhui Colleges
[KJ2019A0798]; Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Jianzhu University
[2019QDZ20]
FX This research was supported by the Provincial Key Project of Natural
Science Research Anhui Colleges (grant no. KJ2019A0798) and the Natural
Science Foundation of Anhui Jianzhu University (grant no. 2019QDZ20).
CR Chen XH, 2019, APPL SCI-BASEL, V9, DOI 10.3390/app9091882
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Zheng W., 2013, APPL LASER, V24, P278
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 19
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JUL
PY 2020
VL 13
IS 14
AR 3206
DI 10.3390/ma13143206
PG 21
Physics
GA MX0IV
UT WOS:000557413400001
PM 32708460
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shi, C
Fan, GF
Mao, XQ
Mao, DH
AF Shi, Chen
Fan, Gaofeng
Mao, Xuqiang
Mao, Daheng
TI Effects of Ultrasonic Bending Vibration Introduced by an L-Shaped
Ultrasonic Rod on the Microstructure and Properties of a 1060 Aluminum
Alloy Strip Formed by Twin-Roll Casting
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE ultrasonic bending vibration; 1060 aluminum alloy; twin-roll casting;
microstructure; mechanical properties
ID GRAIN-REFINEMENT; CAVITATION EROSION; AL; PERFORMANCE; SONOTRODE;
MECHANISM
AB In order to achieve the industrial application of ultrasonic energy in the
continuous casting and rolling production of aluminum alloy, a new type of L-shaped
ultrasonic rod was used to introduce an ultrasonic bending vibration into the
aluminum melt in the launder during the horizontal twin-roll continuous casting and
rolling process of a 1060 aluminum alloy. The effects of the ultrasonic bending
vibration on the microstructure and properties of the 1060 aluminum alloy cast
rolling strip and its subsequent cold rolling strip were studied experimentally,
and the effect of the ultrasonic-assisted refining with different amounts of Al-Ti-
B refiner was explored. The results show that under the same addition amount of Al-
Ti-B refiner, the ultrasonic bending vibration can refine the grains of the cast
rolling strip, make the distribution of precipitates more uniform, reduce the slag
inclusion defects, and improve the mechanical properties to a certain extent. The
microstructure and properties of the ultrasonic cast rolling strip with 0.18 wt%
Al-Ti-B refiner or 0.12 wt% Al-Ti-B refiner are better than those of the
conventional cast rolling strip, but the microstructure and properties of the
ultrasonic cast rolling strip with 0.09 wt% Al-Ti-B refiner are slightly worse than
those of the conventional cast rolling strip. Moreover, after cold rolling, the
effect of the ultrasonic bending vibration on the improvement of the microstructure
and properties of the aluminum alloy strip is inherited. A comprehensive analysis
shows that the use of ultrasonic energy in this paper cannot completely replace the
effect of the Al-Ti-B refiner, but it can reduce the addition amount of the Al-Ti-B
refiner by 1/3.
C1 [Shi, Chen; Fan, Gaofeng] Cent South Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Changsha
[Shi, Chen] Cent South Univ, State Key Lab High Performance Complex Mfg,
Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Chen; Mao, Xuqiang; Mao, Daheng] Cent South Univ, Light Alloy Res Inst,
C3 Central South University; Central South University; Central South
University
RP Shi, C (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Changsha
410083, Peoples R China.; Shi, C (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, State Key
Lab High Performance Complex Mfg, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.; Shi, C
(corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Light Alloy Res Inst, Changsha 410083,
Peoples R China.
EM shichen@csu.edu.cn; fangaofeng@csu.edu.cn; maoxuqiang@csu.edu.cn;
mdh@csu.edu.cn
OI Shi, Chen/0000-0002-8184-0698
FU Project of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex
Manufacturing, Central South University [ZZYJKT2019-09]; National Basic
Research Program of China [2014CB046702]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial assistance provided
by Project of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex
Manufacturing, Central South University (No.ZZYJKT2019-09), and National
Basic Research Program of China (No.2014CB046702).
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NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 40
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD MAY
PY 2020
VL 13
IS 9
AR 2013
DI 10.3390/ma13092013
PG 12
Physics
GA LR8IY
UT WOS:000535941100007
PM 32344862
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shu, QF
Li, QQ
Medeiros, SLS
Klug, JL
AF Shu, Qifeng
Li, Qiangqi
Santos Medeiros, Samuel Lucas
Klug, Jeferson Leandro
TI Development of Non-reactive F-Free Mold Fluxes for High Aluminum Steels:
Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics for Devitrification
LA English
DT Article
ID MELT CRYSTALLIZATION; CRYSTAL-GROWTH; SLAG; GLASS; BEHAVIORS; VISCOSITY;
B2O3
AB It is necessary to study crystallization from glass (devitrification) for non-
reactive F-free CaO-Al2O3 based mold fluxes; this is especially important for the
development of mold fluxes for continuous casting of high aluminum steels. To the
knowledge of the authors, there is no report in the literature regarding
devitrification of F-free mold fluxes based on the CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-Na2O-Li2O system.
Therefore, crystallization kinetics for particular compositions in this system,
with different w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratios, was investigated by Differential Scanning
Calorimeter, Field-Emission Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy / Energy
Dispersive Spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction techniques. The first crystal, which
precipitates during heating from glass, is Ca12Al14O33, followed by CaO. For the
first crystal, which precipitates as plate-like (2-dimensional), it was found that,
when using the Matusita-Sakka model, agreement between the calculated Avrami
parameters and the micrographs obtained from electron microscope was reached. In
the same way, agreement was found for the second event-CaO precipitation-which
grows 2-dimensionally or 3-dimensionally, depending on the w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio.
The most important event (in terms of energy liberated and amount of crystals) is
Ca12Al14O33 precipitation. For this event, the effective activation energy for
crystallization, E-G, decreases with the increase of w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio. The
activation energy for crystallization reflects the energy barrier for
crystallization. Thus, it can be concluded that mold fluxes crystallization during
heating is enhanced when increasing the w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratio, for constant
contents of B2O3, Na2O, and Li2O.
C1 [Shu, Qifeng] Univ Oulu, Res Unit Proc Met, Oulu 90014, Finland.
[Shu, Qifeng; Li, Qiangqi] Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing
[Santos Medeiros, Samuel Lucas; Klug, Jeferson Leandro] Univ Fed Ceara, Postgrad
Program Mat Sci & Engn, BR-60440554 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil.
C3 University of Oulu; University of Science & Technology Beijing;
Universidade Federal do Ceara
RP Shu, QF (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Res Unit Proc Met, Oulu 90014,
Finland.
EM shuqifeng@gmail.com; qifeng.shu@oulu.fi
RI Shu, Qifeng/AGO-3293-2022; Klug, Jeferson Leandro/G-3920-2013; LI,
QI/IUM-8577-2023; LI, Qiang/HLQ-6133-2023
OI Klug, Jeferson Leandro/0000-0003-0992-9708; LI,
Qiang/0000-0001-5568-2334; Shu, Qifeng/0000-0001-5434-3314
FU University of Oulu; Oulu University Hospital; Natural Science Foundation
of China (NSFC Contract) [51774026]; Academy of Finland for Genome of
Steel Grant [311934]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel
Superior - Brasil (CAPES) [001]
FX Open access funding provided by University of Oulu including Oulu
University Hospital. Financial support from Natural Science Foundation
of China (NSFC Contract No. 51774026), from Academy of Finland for
Genome of Steel Grant (No. 311934), and from Coordenacao de
Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES, Finance
Code 001) is gratefully acknowledged.
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560
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TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 3
BP 1169
EP 1180
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-01838-4
EA APR 2020
PG 12
Engineering
GA LO5SP
UT WOS:000526626000002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, B
Sun, GY
Li, SY
Guo, HJ
Guo, J
AF Li, Bin
Sun, Guanyong
Li, Shaoying
Guo, Hanjie
Guo, Jing
TI The Preparation of High-Purity Iron (99.987%) Employing a Process of
Direct Reduction-Melting Separation-Slag Refining
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-purity iron; purification; direct reduced iron; slag refining;
deoxidation
ID ULTRA-PURIFICATION; INCLUSIONS; STEEL
AB In this study, high-purity iron with purity of 99.987 wt.% was prepared
employing a process of direct reduction-melting separation-slag refining. The iron
ore after pelletizing and roasting was reduced by hydrogen to obtain direct reduced
iron (DRI). Carbon and sulfur were removed in this step and other impurities such
as silicon, manganese, titanium and aluminum were excluded from metallic iron.
Dephosphorization was implemented simultaneously during the melting separation step
by making use of the ferrous oxide (FeO) contained in DRI. The problem of
deoxidization for pure iron was solved, and the oxygen content of pure iron was
reduced to 10 ppm by refining with a high basicity slag. Compared with electrolytic
iron, the pure iron prepared by this method has tremendous advantages in cost and
scale and has more outstanding quality than technically pure iron, making it
possible to produce high-purity iron in a short-flow, large-scale, low-cost and
environmentally friendly way.
C1 [Li, Bin; Sun, Guanyong; Li, Shaoying; Guo, Hanjie; Guo, Jing] Univ Sci &
[Li, Bin; Sun, Guanyong; Li, Shaoying; Guo, Hanjie; Guo, Jing] Beijing Key Lab
EM libin4962337@163.com; sunguanyong@xs.ustb.edu.cn; 15081659279@163.com;
guohanjie@ustb.edu.cn; guojing@ustb.edu.cn
RI sun, guanyong/AAM-2828-2021; Li, Bin/IQT-8772-2023
OI sun, guanyong/0000-0003-2163-6430; Li, Bin/0000-0002-2404-9971
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1560203]; Science and
Technology Program of Sichuan Province China [18SYXHZ0069]
China, grant number U1560203, and the Science and Technology Program of
Sichuan Province China, grant number 18SYXHZ0069.
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4
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 10
U2 39
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD APR
PY 2020
VL 13
IS 8
AR 1839
DI 10.3390/ma13081839
PG 15
Physics
GA LL8UH
UT WOS:000531829000043
PM 32295133
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Amulya, S
Shankar, AUR
AF Amulya, S.
Shankar, A. U. Ravi
TI Use of Stabilized Lateritic and Black Cotton Soils as a Base Course
Replacing Conventional Granular Layer in Flexible Pavement
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOSYNTHETICS AND GROUND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Lateritic soil; Black cotton soil; Alkali solutions; Durability;
Stress-strain analysis; Microstructure
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; SILICA MODULUS; GEOPOLYMER;
CEMENT; RATIO
AB The present work investigates the improved properties of lateritic and black
cotton soils stabilized with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and
alkali solutions. The alkali solution includes a mixture of sodium hydroxide and
sodium silicate. The lateritic and black soils are treated with 30% GGBFS and the
alkali solutions consisting of 6% Na2O having silica modulus (Ms) of 0.5, 1.0 and
1.5 at a constant water binder ratio of 0.25. The treated samples were air-cured
for 0 (immediately after casting), 3, 7 and 28 days at ambient temperature. The
treated lateritic soil with 0.5 and 1.0 Ms is found durable after 3, 7, and 28 days
curing. Whereas, the treated BC soil found durable with Ms 0.5 at modified Proctor
density after 28 days curing. The formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium
aluminosilicate hydrate structures resulted in a remarkable improvement of
compressive strength, flexure and fatigue life of treated soils due to dissolved
calcium ions from GGBFS, silicate and aluminium ions from alkali solutions. The
microstructure image of the durable soil sample shows the crystal orientation of
particles. The design of high and low volume roads is proposed by replacing the
conventional granular layer with the durable stabilized soil and stress-strain
analysis is carried out using pavement analysis software.
C1 [Amulya, S.; Shankar, A. U. Ravi] Natl Inst Technol Karnataka, Srinivasnagar PO,
Mangalore 575025, India.
Technology Karnataka
RP Amulya, S (corresponding author), Natl Inst Technol Karnataka, Srinivasnagar PO,
Mangalore 575025, India.
EM amulya2mail@gmail.com; aurshankar@gmail.com
RI SHANKAR, A U RAVI/AAM-8697-2020; Shivaramaiah, Amulya/AAH-9299-2021
OI Shivaramaiah, Amulya/0000-0001-8630-1194
CR Allahverdi A., 2008, IRANIAN J MAT SCI EN, V5, P32
Amulya S, 2020, INT J PAVEMENT ENG, V21, P1114, DOI
10.1080/10298436.2018.1521520
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.09.029
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.004
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.188
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.05.161
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Patankar S.V., 2013, Int. J. Adv. Technol. Civ. Eng, V2, P79
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Review AL Force AIR Directorate M, 2012, AFRLRXTYTR20100097
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10.1016/j.geotexmem.2012.09.001
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PI CHAM
SN 2199-9260
EI 2199-9279
J9 INT J GEOSYNTH GROUN
JI Int. J. Geosynth. Ground Eng.
PD MAR 9
PY 2020
VL 6
IS 1
AR 5
DI 10.1007/s40891-020-0184-8
PG 12
WC Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA KW7DT
UT WOS:000521343600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pratskova, SE
Burmistrov, VA
Starikova, AA
AF Pratskova, S. E.
Burmistrov, V. A.
Starikova, A. A.
TI THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF OXIDE MELTS OF CaO -
Al2O3 - SiO2 SYSTEMS
SO IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA I KHIMICHESKAYA
TEKHNOLOGIYA
LA Russian
DT Article
DE thermodynamic modeling; state diagrams; CaO - Al2O3 - SiO2 system
AB Oxide melts of the CaO - Al2O3 - SiO2 system are the basis of metallurgical
slags. Therefore, the thermodynamic properties of this system have been repeatedly
studied experimentally, and attempts have been made to describe them theoretically.
Thermodynamic modeling of the state diagrams of the CaO - Al2O3, CaO - SiO2, Al2O3
- SiO2 binary systems, as well as the CaO - Al2O3 SiO2 ternary system was
performed. In the course of the work, expressions for the thermodynamic description
of the activities of the components of the oxide melt of this system are derived.
For the calculation, a generalized theory of regular ionic solutions was used. The
energy parameters of the theory are determined, depending on the temperature and
composition of the solution, using ex-perimental data on the heat and melting point
of oxides of calcium, aluminum and silicon. According to the results of the
simulation, the coordinates of the points of nonvariant transformations in the
phase diagrams of the binary and ternary systems under study are determined. The
obtained results on thermodynamic modeling of the coordinates of the liquidus lines
of the phase diagrams of the CaO - Al2O3, CaO - SiO2, Al2O3 - SiO2 binary systems
were compared with the literature data for the studied systems. The calculated
diagrams are in good agreement with the experimental ones, which indicates the
applicability of the chosen system for the description of such oxide melts. The
modeling technique used in this work allowed to estimate the Gibbs energies of
formation of silicates and calcium aluminum silicates to be 3Al(2)O(3)center dot
2SiO(2), 3CaO center dot SiO2, 2CaO center dot SiO2, 3CaO center dot 2SiO(2), CaO
center dot SiO2, CaO center dot Al2O3 center dot 2SiO(2), 2CaO center dot Al2O3
center dot SiO2 on the base of obtained aquations for of activities of the
components and calculated parameters of the theory. The calculated diagrams will
allow to determine the nature of the interaction between the components of the
system, the conditions of formation, the composition and properties of the
compounds formed, without isolating them from the system.
C1 [Pratskova, S. E.; Burmistrov, V. A.; Starikova, A. A.] Chelyabinsk State Univ,
Dept Analyt & Phys Chem, Bratiev Kashirinykh St 129, Chelyabinsk 454001, Russia.
C3 Chelyabinsk State University
RP Pratskova, SE (corresponding author), Chelyabinsk State Univ, Dept Analyt & Phys
Chem, Bratiev Kashirinykh St 129, Chelyabinsk 454001, Russia.
EM se_pratskova@mail.ru; burmistrov@csu.ru; anya_starikova@inbox.ru
RI Burmistrov, Vladimir/T-3053-2018; Pratskova, Svetlana/GYU-6273-2022
CR ALEKSANDROV AV, 2016, VESTN IRKUT GOS TEKH, V20, P170, DOI [10.21285/1814-3520-
2016-11-170-183, DOI 10.21285/1814-3520-2016-11-170-183]
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NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU IVANOVSKOGO KHIMIKO-TEKHNOLOGI TSHESKOGO INST
PI IVANOVO
PA PR-KT F ENGELSA 7, 153460 IVANOVO, RUSSIA
SN 0579-2991
EI 2500-3070
J9 IZV VUZ KHIM KH TEKH
JI Izv. Vyss. Uchebnykh Zaved. Khim. Khimichesk. Tekhnol.
PY 2020
VL 63
IS 1
BP 45
EP 50
DI 10.6060/ivkkt.20206301.6054
PG 6
SC Chemistry
GA JV7EZ
UT WOS:000502525400007
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, LJ
Yang, J
Zang, CW
Tan, CW
Zhang, ZQ
Zhao, XY
Chen, B
Song, XG
AF Wu, Laijun
Yang, Jia
Zang, Chengwei
Tan, Caiwang
Zhang, Zequn
Zhao, Xiaoye
Chen, Bo
Song, Xiaoguo
TI Butt Laser Welding-Brazing of AZ31 Mg to Nickel-Coated Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE laser welding-brazing; magnesium alloy; microstructure; Ni coating
thickness; titanium alloy
ID COLD METAL TRANSFER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; INTERFACIAL
REACTION; OFFSET; AL; MG/TI; ALUMINUM; STEEL
AB Mg and Ti alloy are hard to be bonded due to their huge discrepancy in physical
and metallurgical characteristics. As an intermediate element, Ni is feasible for
joining of Mg and Ti. The interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of
laser-welded-brazed AZ31 Mg/Ti-6Al-4V joints in butt configuration were
investigated with different thicknesses of electrodeposited Ni interlayer. The
interfacial reaction products evolved from an ultra-thin Ti3Al layer to Ti2Ni layer
mingled with Ti3Al, and more Mg3AlNi2 compounds were produced in the fusion zone
(FZ) as Ni coating thickness increased. Slag inclusions and cracks were observed in
interfacial layer when coating thickness exceeded 2.5 mu m. The quantity of
Mg3AlNi2 and the thickness of interfacial layer decreased from the top to bottom of
groove of the same joint owing to high thermal gradient during laser welding. The
chemical potential of Al and Ni indicated that Al-Ti reaction product was produced
more easily than Ni-Ti in 0.001Mg-( Ni-Al-Ti) system. The thermodynamic calculation
results of Gibbs free energy suggested the preferential formation Ti-Al phase and
Ti-Ni phase along the interface while the Mg-Al-Ni ternary phase in the FZ.
Fracture loads of joints increased first followed by a decline with the increase in
coating thickness. The joint fractured at the Mg base metal, reaching a maximum
value of 3900 N with the Ni coating thickness of 1.5 mu m. In the case of using
thinner or thicker Ni coating, crack propagated along the interface due to the
insufficient metallurgical bonding or defects existed in the interfacial layer. The
characteristic of fracture surface changed from the tear ridges and terraces to
river pattern when interfacial failure occurred.
C1 [Wu, Laijun; Yang, Jia; Zang, Chengwei; Tan, Caiwang; Zhang, Zequn; Zhao,
Xiaoye; Chen, Bo; Song, Xiaoguo] Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Adv Welding &
Joining, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Zequn; Song, Xiaoguo] Harbin Inst Technol Weihai, Shandong Prov Key Lab
Special Welding Technol, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China.
C3 Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology
RP Tan, CW (corresponding author), Harbin Inst Technol, State Key Lab Adv Welding &
Joining, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
EM tancaiwang@hitwh.edu.cn
RI Zang, Chengwei/HTR-5744-2023
OI zang, Chengwei/0000-0002-3728-1497
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51875129]; Key Research &
Development Program in Shandong Province [2017GGX30147, 2017CXGC0811];
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016T90280]
FX The study was financially supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51875129), Key Research & Development
Program in Shandong Province (Grant Nos. 2017GGX30147 and 2017CXGC0811),
China, and Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2016T90280).
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NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
PD JUL
PY 2019
VL 28
IS 7
SI SI
BP 4443
EP 4453
DI 10.1007/s11665-019-04161-5
PG 11
GA JB7VP
UT WOS:000488773700065
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fang, YY
Nie, ZQ
Yang, JZ
Die, QQ
He, J
Yu, HJ
Zhou, Q
Huang, QF
AF Fang, Yanyan
Nie, Zhiqiang
Yang, Jinzhong
Die, Qingqi
He, Jie
Yu, Hongjin
Zhou, Qi
Huang, Qifei
TI Polychlorinated naphthalene emissions to the atmosphere from typical
secondary aluminum smelting plants in southwestern China:
concentrations, characterization, and risk evaluation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Polychlorinated naphthalene; Secondary aluminum smelting; Flue gas; Air;
Fugacity; Risk evaluation
ID AIR-SOIL EXCHANGE; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION;
HEALTH-RISKS; PCNS; BIPHENYLS; PCBS; PCDD/FS; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENVIRONMENT
AB Secondary aluminum smelting industry, as an important source of polychlorinated
naphthalene (PCN) in environment, has been concerned in recent years. To figure out
the emission characteristics of PCNs and the potential influence on surrounding
environment, two typical secondary aluminum smelting plants were selected and PCNs
were determined in flue gas, fly ash, aluminum slag, soil, and air samples
collected at and around the plants by GC-MS coupled with DFS. PCN emission factors
from the flue gas of the two plants (mean 0.006ng toxic equivalents/t) were found
obviously decreased compared with similar smelting process detected in 2010. The
stage of feeding material was still the major PCNs discharge period during the
whole smelting process. The total PCN concentrations in air were found to be ranked
as following: workshops (290-1917pg/m(3)), the area near the workshops (62.3-
697pg/m(3)), and the surrounding areas (29.9-164pg/m(3), mean 64.5pg/m(3)). Similar
high concentrations of PCNs were found in soil from by the workshop door (983ng/g
dry weight). Soil-air exchange calculations indicated that mono-CN to tetra-CN
would volatilize but hepta-CN and octa-CN would be deposited to the soil. Exposure
of plant workers and local inhabitants to PCNs through inhalation was found to be
acceptable but higher (especially for workers in the workshops) than living areas.
The workshop and the nearby area are potential PCNs polluted areas and should be
paid attention during the practical operation.
C1 [Fang, Yanyan; Nie, Zhiqiang; Yang, Jinzhong; Die, Qingqi; He, Jie; Yu, Hongjin;
Zhou, Qi; Huang, Qifei] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm
Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
[Fang, Yanyan] Hebei Univ, Coll Chem & Environm Sci, Baoding 071000, Peoples R
China.
C3 Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences; Hebei University
RP Nie, ZQ; Huang, QF (corresponding author), Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State
Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China.
EM niezq@craes.org.cn; huangqf@vip.sina.com
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC1900103];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [21407137, 51778592];
Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation [8172048]; Chinese Central
Public Welfare Research Project [2018YSKY-009]
FX This study is financially supported by the National Key Research and
Development Program of China (2018YFC1900103), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 21407137 and 51778592), Beijing
Municipal Natural Science Foundation (grant no. 8172048) and the Chinese
Central Public Welfare Research Project (2018YSKY-009).
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NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 81
PI HEIDELBERG
SN 0944-1344
EI 1614-7499
J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R
JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.
PD MAY
PY 2019
VL 26
IS 13
BP 12731
EP 12740
DI 10.1007/s11356-019-04744-8
PG 10
GA HU7KN
UT WOS:000465460000009
PM 30879233
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, M
Dabkowska, HA
Dogan, N
AF Sharma, Mukesh
Dabkowska, Hanna A.
Dogan, Neslihan
TI Application of Optical Floating Zone Method to Dissolution Kinetics of
Inclusions in a Steelmaking Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum titanate; confocal scanning laser microscope; inclusion
dissolution; optical floating zone method; titanium oxide
ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; ALUMINA-SILICA MELTS; AL2O3 DISSOLUTION; CLOGGING
BEHAVIOR; CERAMIC SYSTEMS; PARTICLES; TI; AL2TIO5; MGO; SAPPHIRE
AB The dissolution kinetics of micro-particles (inclusions) in steelmaking slags is
investigated using the high temperature confocal scanning laser microscope (HT -
CSLM). However, these studies focus on the limited type of inclusions such as
Al2O3, SiO2, MgO, CaO, and MgAl2O4. To experimentally study the removability of
various problematic inclusions that are not available in the market, optical
floating zone and sintering techniques are presented here for the production of
high purity micro-particles. The syntheses of TiO2 and Al2TiO5 inclusions are
employed to demonstrate the advantages and potential of both techniques. These
inclusions are then dissolved in the steelmaking slags using CSLM at 1430 degrees
C. In situ observation shows that there is gas evolution during the reaction
between slag and Al2TiO5 particles prepared by both techniques. However, the gas
evolution is more rapid during the dissolution of particles prepared by sintering
and hinders in situ observations and measurements. The optical floating zone
technique is capable of preparation of micro-particles with high purity and less
porosity. At 1430 degrees C, the Al2TiO5 particles do not dissolve at all, whereas
TiO2 particles completely dissolve in 200 s.
C1 [Sharma, Mukesh; Dogan, Neslihan] McMaster Univ, Steel Res Ctr, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada.
[Dabkowska, Hanna A.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada.
C3 McMaster University; McMaster University
RP Sharma, M (corresponding author), McMaster Univ, Steel Res Ctr, Hamilton, ON L8S
4L7, Canada.
EM sharmmk2@mcmaster.ca
RI Dogan, Neslihan/AGR-7937-2022
OI Dogan, Neslihan/0000-0001-6079-949X; Sharma, Mukesh/0000-0002-8700-5407;
Dabkowska, Hanna/0000-0002-1680-8739
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council [20000514]; Canada
Foundation for Innovation John Evans Leaders Fund (CFI JELF) [32826]
FX The authors thanked the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council (Project No. 20000514) and Canada Foundation for Innovation John
Evans Leaders Fund (CFI JELF, Project No. 32826). The authors thanked
Professor Bruce D. Gaulin, director of the Brockhouse Institute for
Materials Research at McMaster university for allowing us to use this
optical floating zone furnace.
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NR 66
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 15
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2019
VL 90
IS 1
AR 1800367
DI 10.1002/srin.201800367
PG 11
GA HG2JV
UT WOS:000454790200012
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Di, YZ
Peng, JP
Wang, YW
Feng, NX
AF Di, Y. Z.
Peng, J. P.
Wang, Y. W.
Feng, N. X.
TI EXTRACTING LITHIUM FROM A LITHIUM ALUMINATE COMPLEX BY VACUUM
ALUMINOTHERMIC REDUCTION
SO JOURNAL OF MINING AND METALLURGY SECTION B-METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium; Vacuum; Aluminothermic reduction
ID MAGNESIUM
AB The molten salt electrolysis of LiCl-Ka is presently the primary method of
producing lithium, but it is costly and has environmental issues in addition to
other disadvantages. Vacuum thermal reduction may be used extensively in the future
because it offers low energy consumption, a high purity product and short cycle
times. The present study investigated a novel process for the extraction of lithium
from Li5AlO4 clinker by vacuum aluminothermic reduction. The Li5AlO4, clinker was
prepared in ambient air using lithium hydroxide, alumina and calcium oxide. The
results show that this process can proceed in conjunction with a lower ratio of raw
materials to lithium (8.89:1) and provides lithium reduction rates in excess of
97%. In addition, the reduction slag consists mainly of 12CaO center dot
7Al(2)O(3), which can be used to produce aluminum hydroxide. Thus, this process
represents a highly efficient and environmentally-friendly method of generating
lithium.
C1 [Di, Y. Z.; Peng, J. P.; Wang, Y. W.; Feng, N. X.] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Di, YZ (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
EM diyz@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI PENG, Jian-ping/AAG-2146-2021; Peng, Jianping/AAE-5592-2020
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21878045,
51674076,51304044]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities [N150204020, N162502002]
FX This study was supported by the Projects supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (21878045, 51674076,51304044) and
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N150204020,
N162502002).
CR Di X. L., 2015, J SALT LAKE RES, V13, P45
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P716, DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3026.2014.05.025
Di YZ, 2013, 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE METALLURGICAL
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Wang YW, 2011, LIGHT MET, P205
Zhou ZW, 2016, CHEM COMMUN, V52, P8401, DOI 10.1039/c6cc03766f
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU TECHNICAL FACULTY, BOR-SERBIA
PI BOR
PA UNIV BELGRADE, VOJSKE JUGOSLAVIJE 12, BOR, 19210, SERBIA
SN 1450-5339
J9 J MIN METALL B
JI J. Min. Metall. Sect. B-Metall.
PY 2018
VL 54
IS 3
BP 369
EP 375
DI 10.2298/JMMB180516017D
PG 7
GA HQ3BW
UT WOS:000462282900009
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Kononchuk, O
Alekseev, A
Zubkova, O
Udovitsky, V
AF Kononchuk, Olga
Alekseev, Alexey
Zubkova, Olga
Udovitsky, Vladimir
BE Tyulenev, M
Zhironkin, S
Khoreshok, A
Voth, S
Cehlar, M
Nuray, D
TI Scientific Background for Processing of Aluminum Waste
SO IIND INTERNATIONAL INNOVATIVE MINING SYMPOSIUM (DEVOTED TO RUSSIAN
FEDERATION YEAR OF ENVIRONMENT)
SE E3S Web of Conferences
LA English
CT 2nd International Innovative Mining Symposium (Devoted to Russian
Federation Year of Environment)
CY NOV 20-22, 2017
CL Kemerovo, RUSSIA
AB Changing the source of raw materials for producing aluminum and the emergence of
a huge number of secondary alumina waste (foundry slag, sludge, spent catalysts,
mineral parts of coal and others that are formed in various industrial enterprises)
require the creation of scientific and theoretical foundations for their
processing. In this paper, the aluminum alloys (GOST 4784-97) are used as an
aluminum raw material component, containing the aluminum component produced as
chips in the machine-building enterprises. The aluminum waste is a whole range of
metallic aluminum alloys including elements: magnesium, copper, silica, zinc and
iron. Analysis of the aluminum waste Al-Zn-Cu-Si-Fe shows that depending on the
content of the metal the dissolution process of an aluminum alloy should be treated
as the result of the chemical interaction of the metal with an alkaline solution.
It is necessary to consider the behavior of the main components of alloys in an
alkaline solution as applied to the system Na2O - Al2O3 - SiO2 - CO2 - H2O.
C1 [Kononchuk, Olga; Alekseev, Alexey; Zubkova, Olga] St Petersburg Min Univ, 21st
Line VI,2, St Petersburg 199106, Russia.
[Udovitsky, Vladimir] TF Gorbachev Kuzbass State Tech Univ, 28 Vesennyaya St,
Kemerovo 650000, Russia.
C3 Saint Petersburg Mining University; Kuzbass State Technical University
RP Kononchuk, O (corresponding author), St Petersburg Min Univ, 21st Line VI,2, St
Petersburg 199106, Russia.
EM kononchuk-olga@rambler.ru
OI Zubkova, Ol'ga/0000-0002-5833-528X
CR Cochran C.N., 1970, METALS, V22, P54
Haupin W. E., 2002, P INT JOM THONST S, P53
Haupin W. E., 1993, LIGHT MET, V12, P257
Hyland MM, 1997, LIGHT METALS 1997, P113
Lillebuen B, 2009, LIGHT MET, P389
Marks J, 2009, LIGHT MET, P251
Tabereaux A., 2009, JOM, V2, P343
Thonstad J, 2001, ALUMINIUM ELECT FUND
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 2267-1242
J9 E3S WEB CONF
PY 2017
VL 21
AR 02003
DI 10.1051/e3sconf/20172102003
PG 7
GA BJ6GL
UT WOS:000426662300040
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cho, B
AF Cho, Bongsuk
TI Hydration characteristics of cement-free binder using Kambara reactor
slag
SO MAGAZINE OF CONCRETE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE admixtures; cement/cementitious materials; chemical properties
ID ALKALI-ACTIVATED SLAG; FLY-ASH; PRODUCTS
AB A cement-free binder was manufactured by utilising slag generated from the
Kambara reactor stirring process as an alkali activator. Kambara reactor slag (KRS)
is a byproduct of the desulfurisation process of molten iron in steel factories and
is composed of calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, carbon, iron oxide and so on in the
form of compounds such as calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and belite
(2CaO.SiO2). The calcium hydroxide in the KRS could serve as an alkali activator
for ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS). The compressive strength of the
GGBFS-KRS binder was about 30% that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) at age 28 d,
whereas the 28 d strength of a binder made from GGBFS, KRS and anhydrous gypsum
(AG) was similar to that of OPC. The main hydration product of the GGBFS-KRS-AG
binder was shown to be ettringite. Scanning electron microscope images revealed
that the needle-shaped ettringite of the GGBFS-KRS-AG binder was much thicker than
that of OPC. The thick needle-shaped ettringite formed a bone structure, which may
contribute to structural stability. In addition, the ettringite filled the gaps
between hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrates and calcium aluminium
hydrates, making it highly effective in forming a dense structure.
C1 [Cho, Bongsuk] Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol, Slag Utilizat Res Team, Pohang, South
Korea.
RP Cho, B (corresponding author), Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol, Slag Utilizat Res
Team, Pohang, South Korea.
EM chos8@hanmail.net
CR Aydin S, 2012, MATER DESIGN, V35, P374, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.10.005
Bakharev T, 2005, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V35, P1224, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.06.031
10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.08.005
Gartner E, 2004, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V34, P1489, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.01.021
Gruskovnjak A, 2006, ADV CEM RES, V18, P119, DOI 10.1680/adcr.2006.18.3.119
Juenger MCG, 2011, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V41, P1232, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.012
Kim MS, 2013, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V54, P208, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2013.09.011
Korean Standards Association, 2006, 679 KS LISO
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.05.056
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.017
Kwon E, 2015, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V83, P174, DOI
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.086
Moseson AJ, 2012, CEMENT CONCRETE COMP, V34, P328, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.11.004
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.03.019
10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.03.004
Richardson IG, 2008, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V38, P137, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.11.005
Scrivener KL, 1995, Adv Cem Res, V7, P93, DOI DOI 10.1680/ADCR.1995.7.27.93
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WANG SD, 1995, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V25, P561, DOI 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00045-E
Yang KH, 2012, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V29, P410, DOI
10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.10.063
Yip CK, 2005, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V35, P1688, DOI
10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.10.042
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 14
PU ICE PUBLISHING
PI WESTMINISTER
PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND
SN 0024-9831
EI 1751-763X
J9 MAG CONCRETE RES
JI Mag. Concr. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 22
BP 1143
EP 1154
DI 10.1680/jmacr.15.00342
PG 12
GA DY8OT
UT WOS:000385390400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Piva, SPT
Pistorius, PC
AF Piva, Stephano P. T.
Pistorius, P. Chris
BE Reddy, RG
Chaubal, P
Pistorius, PC
Pal, U
TI EFFECT OF LADLE FURNACE SLAG COMPOSITION IN Si-Mn KILLED STEEL TRANSIENT
INCLUSION CHANGES
LA English
CY MAY 22-25, 2016
CL Seattle, WA
DE steelmaking; clean steel; non-metallic inclusions; steel-slag reactions;
inclusion modification; kinetics
AB This work investigates the effect of slag composition in steel-slag and steel-
inclusion reaction kinetics in silicon-manganese killed steels by using FactSage
macros to simulate and predict inclusion composition and morphology changes during
ladle treatment. Two different conditions of ladle treatment were simulated in
regard to alumina and silica content in a basic slag. The simulated changes in
inclusion chemical composition and phases, as well as total oxygen and dissolved
aluminum in steel were compared. One experimental trial was made to simulate ladle
steel-slag and steel-inclusion reactions using an induction furnace to simulate
deoxidation and slag addition. The average steel mass transfer coefficient for the
experimental setup was calculated from the analyzed aluminium pick-up by steel.
Average inclusion composition was measured using Scanning Electron Microscopy and
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy. The chemical compositions of the inclusions
and the steel agreed with the FactSage macro simulations.
C1 [Piva, Stephano P. T.; Pistorius, P. Chris] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Piva, Stephano P. T.] Minist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, BR-70040020 Brasilia, DF,
Brazil.
C3 Carnegie Mellon University; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de
Nivel Superior (CAPES)
RP Piva, SPT (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ctr
Iron & Steelmaking Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.; Piva, SPT (corresponding
author), Minist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, BR-70040020 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
OI Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/0000-0002-2966-1879; Papadopoli Tonelli
Piva, Stephano/0000-0002-8013-568X
FU Center for Iron and Steelmaking Research; Carnegie Mellon University
[MCF-677785]; CAPES [BEX 13379/13-5]
FX Support of this work by the industrial members of the Center for Iron
and Steelmaking Research is gratefully acknowledged.; The authors
acknowledge use of the Materials Characterization Facility at Carnegie
Mellon University supported by grant MCF-677785. Financial support of
Stephano P.T. Piva by CAPES under the process BEX 13379/13-5 - Doutorado
Pleno/Ciencia sem Fronteiras is gratefully acknowledged.
CR [Anonymous], 1992, ENG PROCESS METALLUR
BERNARD G, 1981, REV METALL-PARIS, V78, P421
Ishii A., 1983, IRON STEELMAK, V35
Piva S.P.T., METALLURGICA UNPUB B
Themelis N. J., 1995, TRANSPORT CHEM RATE
4
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PI HOBOKEN
BN 978-1-119-33319-7; 978-1-119-30876-8
PY 2016
BP 117
EP 125
PG 9
GA BQ1XC
UT WOS:000578029000012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Yan, W
McLean, A
Yang, YD
Chen, WQ
Barati, M
AF Yan, Wei
McLean, Alexander
Yang, Yindong
Chen, Weiqing
Barati, Mansoor
BE Reddy, RG
Chaubal, P
Pistorius, PC
Pal, U
TI EVALUATION OF MOLD FLUX FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF HIGH-ALUMINUM STEEL
LA English
CY MAY 22-25, 2016
CL Seattle, WA
DE mold flux; high-aluminum steel; CaO-Al2O3-based; viscosity
crystallization; fluoride-free
ID CRYSTALLIZATION; VISCOSITY; CONDUCTIVITY; CAO-AL2O3; SYSTEM; SLAG
AB Study of mold fluxes for continuous casting of high-aluminum steel has attracted
increasing attention due to severe reaction between aluminum in liquid steel and
silica in the flux which results in changes in composition, properties and
performance of the flux and adversely affects slab quality. This research began
with sampling during the casting process of high-Al nonmagnetic steel 20Mn23AlV to
evaluate potential problems. A mold flux was developed in which SiO2 was partially
replaced with Al2O3. Different compositions including CaO/Al2O3, fluoride-free and
low-fluoride lime-alumina-based fluxes were evaluated with respect to their
influence on flux viscosity, crystallization and subsequent effects on steel
quality. It was concluded that mold flux with CaO/Al2O3 ratio in the range 1.1 to
1.6 and characterized by low viscosity, low initial crystallization temperature and
good heat transfer properties was appropriate for casting of high-aluminum steel. A
viscosity model with high reliability in predicting the viscosity of mold flux
containing high Al2O3 was also established.
C1 [Yan, Wei; McLean, Alexander; Yang, Yindong; Barati, Mansoor] Univ Toronto, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
[Yan, Wei; Chen, Weiqing] Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
C3 University of Toronto; University of Science & Technology Beijing
RP Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON
M5S 3E4, Canada.; Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.08.015
Lee I. R., 1993, C CONT CAST STEEL DE
Muller J, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P2639, DOI 10.1007/s11663-015-0426-7
Schulz T, 2013, METALL MATER TRANS B, V44, P317, DOI 10.1007/s11663-013-9796-x
10.1179/030192310X12816231892585
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PI HOBOKEN
BN 978-1-119-33319-7; 978-1-119-30876-8
PY 2016
BP 279
EP 289
PG 11
GA BQ1XC
UT WOS:000578029000030
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gizatulin, RA
Valuev, DV
Trifonov, VA
Valueva, AV
Serikbol, A
AF Gizatulin, R. A.
Valuev, D. V.
Trifonov, V. A.
Valueva, A. V.
Serikbol, A.
GP IOP
TI Oxidation Processes in Blowing Steel With Inert Gas into the Ladle
SO VI INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC PRACTICAL CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE
TECHNOLOGIES AND ECONOMICS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 6th International Scientific Practical Conference on Innovative
Technologies and Economics in Engineering
CY MAY 21-23, 2015
CL Natl Res Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Yurga Inst Technol, Yurga, RUSSIA
HO Natl Res Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Yurga Inst Technol
ID DYNAMIC IMPACT; SHIELDING GAS; DROP; JET
AB This work reports the possible development of oxidative processes in a metal
when treating the melt in the ladle under intensive stirring with an inert gas. The
industrial data have been received, confirming the possibility of reducing the
concentration of silicon and aluminum in the metal, as well as changing the slag
chemical composition with the bath blowing with the inert gas through the top
submerged lance.
C1 [Gizatulin, R. A.; Valuev, D. V.; Trifonov, V. A.; Valueva, A. V.; Serikbol, A.]
Tomsk Polytech Univ, Yurga Technol Inst Branch, Yurga 652050, Kemerovo Region,
Russia.
C3 Tomsk Polytechnic University
RP Gizatulin, RA (corresponding author), Tomsk Polytech Univ, Yurga Technol Inst
Branch, Leningradskaya Str 26, Yurga 652050, Kemerovo Region, Russia.
EM valuev@tpu.ru
RI V., Valuev Denis/ABC-3105-2020; Valueva, Anastasiya V./Q-6009-2017;
Valuev, Denis Viktorovich/JKJ-3890-2023
OI Valueva, Anastasiya V./0000-0002-0737-4692; Valuev, Denis
Viktorovich/0000-0001-5131-8754
CR Chinakhov DA, 2008, MATER SCI FORUM, V575-578, P833, DOI 10.4028/0-87849-392-
1.833
Chinakhov DA, 2014, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V1040, P850, DOI
Chinakhov DA, 2013, APPL MECH MATER, V379, P188, DOI
Chinakhov D A, 2014, J APPL MECH MAT, V682, P122
Gizatulin R, 2008, SECONDARY TECHNOLOGY
Gizatulin R A, 2014, J MODERN PROBLEMS SC, V2, P1
Gizatulin R A, 2010, J P HIGHER SCH FERRO, V6, P30
Gizatulin R A, 2014, J MODERN PROBLEMS SC, V3, P1
Gizatulin R A, 2013, SECONDARY METALLURGI, P380
Il'yashchenko D. P., 2015, Applied Mechanics and Materials, V756, P97, DOI
Malushin N. N., 2014, Applied Mechanics and Materials, V682, P58, DOI
Malushin NN, 2013, APPL MECH MATER, V379, P71, DOI
Valuev DV, 2014, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V1040, P703, DOI
Wagner G, 1957, THERMODYNAMICS ALLOY
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2015
VL 91
AR 012037
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/91/1/012037
PG 6
GA BD5WB
UT WOS:000361836000037
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, W
Yang, YD
Chen, WQ
Barati, M
McLean, A
AF Yan, W.
Yang, Y. D.
Chen, W. Q.
Barati, M.
McLean, A.
TI Design of mould fluxes for continuous casting of special steels
LA English
DT Article
DE Continuous casting of steel; Carbon structure; Design of mould flux;
Heat-resistant steel; Non-magnetic steel
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; CARBON STRUCTURE; BLAST-FURNACE; MELTING BEHAVIOR;
SLAG; POWDER; COALS; COKE
AB The melting behaviour of mould powder during continuous casting is an important
consideration with respect to caster performance, production rate and steel
quality. Two important factors, powder composition and carbon addition, are
critical to control the properties and melting behaviour of the mould flux. In this
study, the effect of different carbonaceous materials on the melting
characteristics of mould powders was evaluated. Correlations were established
between the structural factors and chemical reactivity of carbon and melting
behaviour of mould flux. In addition, two examples are given of the effect of flux
composition on casting performance for specific steels. A flux with reasonable
basicity and additives was designed for the casting of heat-resistant steel
(Incoloy 800) to reduce surface cracks. Another flux was designed for the casting
of non-magnetic steel containing high aluminium by partially replacing SiO2 with
Al2O3 to limit aluminium oxidation by SiO2.
C1 [Yan, W.; Chen, W. Q.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
[Yan, W.; Yang, Y. D.; Barati, M.; McLean, A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
FU China Scholarship Council
FX Financial support from China Scholarship Council for one author, Wei
Yan's study at University of Toronto is gratefully acknowledged.
CR An XW, 2013, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V20, P11, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(13)60090-4
Bhardwaj P., 2007, THESIS U TORONTO TOR
Chen GJ, 2006, J CRYST GROWTH, V292, P449, DOI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2006.04.079
Gao J., 2008, J CHIN RE SOC, V26, P34
Guo L. L., 2011, BAOSTEEL TECH, P14
Gupta S, 2005, METALL MATER TRANS B, V36, P385, DOI 10.1007/s11663-005-0067-3
Gupta S, 2006, METALL MATER TRANS B, V37, P457, DOI 10.1007/s11663-006-0030-y
Heaslip L. J., 1983, CONTINUOUS CASTING, V1, P113
KAWAMOTO M, 1994, ISIJ INT, V34, P593, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.34.593
Kawasaki Steel Joint-Stock Company, 1982, JP, Patent No. [57-184563, 57184563]
Kolbl N., 2009, P 8 INT C MOLT SLAGS, P1031
Kromhout JA, 2013, T INDIAN I METALS, V66, P587, DOI 10.1007/s12666-013-0296-0
Kromhout JA, 2009, STEEL RES INT, V80, P575, DOI 10.2374/SRI09SP041
Lu L, 2001, CARBON, V39, P1821, DOI 10.1016/S0008-6223(00)00318-3
Mills K. C., 1990, REV ECSC FUNDED RES
Mills K. C., 1985, EFFECT CASTING POWDE
Sahoo SK, 2013, METALL MATER TRANS B, V44, P1371, DOI 10.1007/s11663-013-9927-4
Singh D., 2005, THESIS U TORONTO TOR
Wang L, 2015, STEEL RES INT, V86, P670, DOI 10.1002/srin.201400353
Zuo GQ, 2000, ISIJ INT, V40, P1195, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.40.1195
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 19
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0008-4433
EI 1879-1395
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PY 2015
VL 54
IS 4
BP 467
EP 476
DI 10.1179/1879139515Y.0000000034
PG 10
GA DF5YY
UT WOS:000371430800012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Palai, P
Sahoo, PP
Dey, A
Roy, TK
Mahashabde, VV
AF Palai, P.
Sahoo, P. P.
Dey, Arghya
Roy, T. K.
Mahashabde, V. V.
TI Constitutional Segregation of Al2O3 in Mold Slag
and Its Impact on Steel Cleanliness During Continuous Casting
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION BEHAVIOR; ALUMINA; FLUXES; CRYSTALLIZATION; DISSOLUTION;
INCLUSIONS
AB The alumina pickup in a range of mold fluxes used for continuous casting of
aluminum (Al)-killed ultralow carbon, low carbon, and peritectic steel have been
measured. The Al2O3 pickup in slag varies approximately from 7 to 12 pct and
depends on the slag basicity. Significantly higher Al2O3 pickup reported in basic
slags and polynomial relationship exists between them. The effect of chemical
composition on microstructure evolution and Al2O3 partitioning during
crystallization was identified in all three types of mold slags. The
microsegregation of Al2O3 inclusions in the constituent phase of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3
based slag film is presented. Constitutional segregation of Al2O3 inclusion in slag
was found to affect the Al2O3 pickup phenomena during continuous casting.
Segregation of alkalis like Na and K was also observed in an Si-rich interdendritic
matrix, whereas F was retained in the dendrites of all the slags studied. The Al2O3
inclusion partitioning and interdendritic segregation in the mold slag is studied
with metallographic evidence. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2013
C1 [Palai, P.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Met Engn & Mat Sci, Bombay 400076,
Maharashtra, India.
[Dey, Arghya] Tata Steel RD&T, Teesside Technol Ctr, Middlesbrough TS6 6US,
Cleveland, England.
[Palai, P.; Roy, T. K.] Tata Steel Ltd, Steel Making Technol, Jamshedpur 831001,
Bihar, India.
[Mahashabde, V. V.] Tata Steel Ltd, Flat Prod Div, Jamshedpur 831001, Bihar,
India.
Technology (IIT) - Bombay; University of Teesside; Tata Sons; Tata Steel
Limited; Tata Sons; Tata Steel Limited
RP Palai, P (corresponding author), Tata Steel Ltd, Steel Making Technol,
Jamshedpur 831001, Bihar, India.
EM pabitra.palai@tatasteel.com
RI Palai, Pabitra/C-7569-2015
OI Palai, Pabitra/0000-0001-8210-2286
CR Fox AB, 2004, ISIJ INT, V44, P836, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.44.836
Kawashita Y, 1995, ISIJ INT, V35, P1468, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.35.1468
Kawashita Y, 1995, ISIJ INT, V35, P1459, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.35.1459
Kiyose A., 1996, IRON STEEL I JPN INT, V36, P155
Lei H., 2000, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V13, P1079
Palai P., 2012, STEEL TECH, V7, P45
Rocabois P, 2003, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V30, P95, DOI 10.1179/030192303225001775
Rusnakova V., 2010, ACTA METAR SLOVACA, V16, P172
Zhu XH, 2012, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V567, P62, DOI
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 5
BP 1185
EP 1189
DI 10.1007/s11663-013-9879-8
PG 5
Engineering
GA 231QI
UT WOS:000325431900017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Demir, O
Eric, RH
AF Demir, Orhan
Eric, Rauf Hurman
TI Rate and Mechanism of Reduction-Dissolution of Chromite in Liquid Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE rate; mechanism; chromite; dissolution; slag
AB The dissolution of chromite from the Bushveld Complex of South Africa in liquid
slags was studied in the temperature range 1550 degrees to 1665 degrees C under
argon gas. The slag compositions were similar to those of ferrochromium production
and stainless steel making. Empirical relations between the slag composition and
the dissolution of chromite were established through the use of a statistical
model. The dissolution process was investigated by using the rotating cylinder
technique and measured by the chemical analysis of the samples taken from the melt
and the SEM-EDAX analysis of the reacted chromite cylinder samples. The chromite
grains were depleted in iron and chromium as the dissolution progressed, leaving
behind an alumina and magnesia rich spinel. The experimental data was evaluated by
using kinetic models and mass transfer coefficients of chromium, iron and oxygen
ions through the phase boundary between the solid chromite cylinder and the liquid
slag were determined.
The dissolution of chromite in liquid slags increases with increasing stirring
rate. SEM-EDAX studies on the reacted chromite cylinders showed that coring took
place within the chromite grains subjected to dissolution for sufficient length of
time. Chromium and iron concentrations in the chromite were decreasing from the
centre towards the surface of the grains while aluminum and magnesium contents were
increasing at the edges compared to the centre of the chromite grains. Furthermore,
the slag rich in alumina and magnesia diffuses in bulk into the chromite with a net
result of increase in the concentration of these elements.
The rate of dissolution of chromite in liquid slags was found to be controlled
by the mass transfer of oxygen ions (O2-) through the liquid phase boundary between
the solid chromite and the liquid slag. The activation energy for the mass transfer
of O2- ions was calculated as 30.61 kCal/mol (128.07 kJ/mol).
C1 [Eric, Rauf Hurman] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Chem & Met Engn, Johannesburg, South
Africa.
[Demir, Orhan] Tenova Pyromet, Johannesburg, South Africa.
C3 University of Witwatersrand
RP Eric, RH (corresponding author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Chem & Met Engn,
Johannesburg, South Africa.
EM Rauf.Eric@wits.ac.za
FU Ferroalloy Producers Association of South Africa
FX The authors are grateful to Ferroalloy Producers Association of South
Africa for co-sponsoring this project.
CR Curr T. R., 1989, 3 INT C MOLT SLAGS F, P298
Demir O., 2011, P FRAY INT S MET MAT
Demir O., 1999, THESIS U WITWATERSRA
Demir O., 1992, THESIS U WITWATERSRA
Donald W. M., 1974, TECHNOMETRICS, V16, P533
Enokido T., 1984, TETSU HAGANE, V70, pS117
Oosthuyzen E. J., 1982, P 14 INT MIN PROC C, VVIII, P61
Ossin D. I., 1971, 1366 NIM
Urquhart R., 1972, MINER SCI ENG, V4, P48
Xu S., 1992, INFACON 6, V1, P87
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 19
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 3
BP 255
EP 263
DI 10.1515/htmp-2012-0133
PG 9
GA 170PY
UT WOS:000320866700009
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, F
Cheng, GG
Qian, GY
Xie, Y
Rui, QX
Yang, L
AF Jiang, Fang
Cheng, Guoguang
Qian, Guoyu
Xie, You
Rui, Qixuan
Yang, Liang
TI Evaluation of Sulfur Addition to the High Basicity Slag on the Sulfur,
Aluminum, and Cleanliness of High Sulfur Al-Killed Molten Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high basicity slag; high sulfur Al-killed steel; sulfur loss; aluminum
loss; cleanliness
ID IMPROVEMENT
AB In the present work, the influence of sulfur addition to the high basicity slag
on the Al-killed molten steel with high sulfur content was investigated by using a
vacuum induction furnace at 1873K in MgO crucibles. CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaS slags
were used to study the effect of high basicity slags with different CaS contents on
sulfur loss, aluminum loss, and total oxygen content in the molten steel. It is
shown that the sulfur content in the molten steel decreased with the time, and the
addition of CaS into the slag can reduce the sulfur loss in the molten steel.
Moreover, there was a decreasing tendency of the aluminum content in the molten
steel with the time, and the addition of CaS into the slag can reduce the aluminum
loss in the molten steel. Total oxygen content in the molten steel first increased
and then decreased with the time when no CaS was added into the slag. However, it
decreased monotonically with the time when the addition of CaS was made into the
slag.
C1 [Jiang, Fang; Cheng, Guoguang; Qian, Guoyu; Xie, You; Rui, Qixuan; Yang, Liang]
Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Jiang, Fang; Cheng, Guoguang; Qian, Guoyu; Xie, You; Rui, Qixuan; Yang, Liang]
Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing
RP Jiang, F (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM jiangfang_yejin@sina.cn
CR Ban-Ya S, 2004, ISIJ INT, V44, P1810, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.44.1810
Bolender T, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P477, DOI 10.1002/srin.200100154
EGUCHI J, 1992, STEEL PROC, V75, P639
Hikaru H, 2006, STEEL RES INT, V77, P14
Margareta A., 2003, SCAND J METALL, V32, P123
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 11
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 6
BP 554
EP 559
DI 10.1002/srin.201200187
PG 6
GA 160FE
UT WOS:000320101700006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Bojarevics, V
Roy, A
AF Bojarevics, Valdis
Roy, Alan
BE Lindsay, SJ
TI BUBBLE TRANSPORT BY ELECTRO-MAGNETOPHORETIC FORCES AT ANODE BOTTOM OF
ALUMINIUM CELLS
SE Light Metals
LA English
CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011
CL San Diego, CA
AB Electrically conducting and nonconducting particles and bubbles experience
additional forcing in a liquid which carries electric current. These so called
electro-magnetophoretic forces are well known in metallurgical applications, like
metal purification in vacuum-arc remelting, electro-slag processes, impurity
removal or concentration change in special castings. However, the effect of
electro-magnetophoretic forces has never been considered for aluminium cells where
the gas bubbles evolving in the liquid electrolyte are surrounded by an electric
current and significant magnetic fields. We present models to estimate the effect
of electric current flow in the vicinity of the bubbles and the additional pressure
distribution resulting from the magnetic forces in the surrounding liquid
electrolyte. According to the estimates, this force becomes important for bubbles
exceeding 2 mm in size, and could be sufficient to overcome the typical drag force
associated with electrolyte flow thereby opposing motion of the bubble along the
base of the anode when it is inclined at a slight angle. The effect could explain
certain features of the anode effect onset. Mathematical models and numerical
results are presented and a further implementation in the general MHD code for the
aluminium cell design is discussed.
C1 [Bojarevics, Valdis; Roy, Alan] Univ Greenwich, Sch Comp & Math Sci, London SE10
9LS, England.
C3 University of Greenwich
RP Bojarevics, V (corresponding author), Univ Greenwich, Sch Comp & Math Sci, 30 Pk
Row, London SE10 9LS, England.
EM V.Bojarevics@gre.ac.uk
RI Bojarevics, Valdis/K-5760-2018
OI Bojarevics, Valdis/0000-0002-7326-7748
CR BOJAREVICS V, 2008, TMS LIGHT METALS, P403
Bojarevics V., 1989, ELECT INDUCED VORTIC, P248
Cooksey MA, 2008, JOM-US, V60, P51, DOI 10.1007/s11837-008-0019-x
FENG YQ, 2010, TMS LIGHT METALS, P455
Haverkort J. W., 2010, METALLURGICAL MAT A
SEVERO DS, 2009, TMS LIGHT METALS, P557
Thonstad J., 2010, TMS LIGHT METALS, P461
Toh T, 2007, ISIJ INT, V47, P1625, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.47.1625
Vékony K, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS B, V41, P1006, DOI 10.1007/s11663-010-9404-2
Zoric Z., 1999, METALLURGICAL MAT B, V30B, P341
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PI CHICHESTER
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-1-11802-935-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2011
BP 549
EP 554
PG 6
GA BGX52
UT WOS:000324515400096
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Holappa, L
AF Holappa, L.
TI On Physico-Chemical and Technical Limits in Clean Steel Production
LA English
CT Seetharaman Seminar on Materials Processing Towards Properties
CY JUN 14-15, 2010
CL Stockholm, SWEDEN
DE cleanliness; deoxidation; oxygen content; vacuum treatment
AB Great progresses in steel cleanliness have been attained during the last
decades. In the measures of oxygen the lowest levels are approaching 5 ppm in O-tot
i.e. close to the thermodynamic limit of Al deoxidation. As the thermodynamics of
the reaction system is firmly anchored to the steel chemistry and thus to the
properties of steel and the final product, it is useful to examine the
thermodynamic constraints for selected steels in the refining and casting
processes. In most steels Al-O equilibrium determines the limit of deoxidation.
Calculations by applying thermodynamic software showed that in selected "common"
steels the equilibrium oxygen content varied from below 5 ppm up to 30 ppm or
higher depending on the aluminium content, interaction effect of other alloying
elements and temperature.
For lower oxygen content there are several possibilities. The first one is to
use stronger deoxidizing additions like Ca, Zr, Ce etc. However, they can be
problematic as substitutes as they produce inclusions which influence steel
properties. The second way is to intensify the deoxidizing power of certain
elements e.g. Si by bringing the steel in intimate contact with a proper slag with
low SiO2 activity in ladle treatment with violent stirring. In the calculation
example it was possible to decrease oxygen content from 30 ppm to the level below
10 ppm in C/Mn/Si steel at very low Al level. The third potential but unused
process is vacuum deoxidation especially for medium and high carbon steels.
Equilibrium oxygen contents below 1 ppm are thermodynamically easily attainable.
But in practice the vacuum treatment should be designed to intensify the carbon-
oxygen reaction on the top surface of the stirred steel liquid. Also the eventual
reactions with refractory materials should be suppressed.
C1 Aalto Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland.
C3 Aalto University
RP Holappa, L (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland.
EM lauri.holappa@tkk.fi
CR AOKI H, 1999, DEV NEW SECONDARY RE, P52
Fandrich R, 2008, REV METALL-PARIS, V105, P364, DOI 10.1051/metal:2008053
KAWAKAMI K, 2007, P 7 INT C CLEAN STEE, P58
MATSUNO H, 1993, STEELM C P, P123
Nurmi S, 2009, STEEL RES INT, V80, P436, DOI 10.2374/SRI09SP037
SAHAI Y, 2008, TUNDISH TECHNOLOGY C, P316
STOLTE G, 2002, SECONDARY METALLURGY, P217
Stouvenot F., 1994, ELECT FURNACE C P, P423
WUNNENBERG K, 2004, IISI STUDY CLEAN STE, P503
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 11
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2010
VL 81
IS 10
BP 869
EP 874
DI 10.1002/srin.201000203
PG 6
GA 672RZ
UT WOS:000283605900010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nita, PS
Butnariu, I
Constantin, N
AF Nita, P. S.
Butnariu, I.
Constantin, N.
TI The efficiency at industrial scale of a thermodynamic model for
desulphurization of aluminium killed steels using slags in the system
CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2
SO REVISTA DE METALURGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Desulphurization; Slag; Thermodynamic model; Sulphur capacity;
Reoxidization
ID OF-THE-ART
AB In this paper are presented the results of some desulphurization trials in the
ladle carried out at industrial scale for steels with low carbon, low alloyed and
aluminum killed, using basic slag and argon bubbling. The main variables of
treatment have been established on the basis of a thermodynamic model that includes
parameters as sulphur capacity of the slag, optical basicity of oxides and of the
slags, the activities of oxides in the slags and activities of elements in the
liquid steel. Sulphur contents at the end of treatment, are close to the values
predicted by the model. Low sulfur levels achieved in the process, facilitate the
subsequent treatment with calcium to modify the inclusions. Finally an evaluation
is presented concerning the effects resulting from the reoxidation of the melt on
the main indicators, showing the efficiency of the applied treatment for
desulphurization.
C1 [Nita, P. S.] Dunarea de Jos Univ Galati, Fac Met & Mat Sci, Domneasca 47,
Galati 800008, Romania.
[Butnariu, I.; Constantin, N.] Politehn Univ, Bucharest 60042, Romania.
C3 Dunarea De Jos University Galati; Polytechnic University of Bucharest
RP Nita, PS (corresponding author), Dunarea de Jos Univ Galati, Fac Met & Mat Sci,
Domneasca 47, Galati 800008, Romania.
EM pnita@ugal.ro
CR DEBIESME B, 1993, REV METALL-PARIS, V90, P387, DOI 10.1051/metal/199390030387
DUFFY JA, 1992, J CHEM SOC FARADAY T, V88, P2397, DOI 10.1039/ft9928802397
GAO H, 2000, STEELMAKING, V16, P38
LANGE KW, 1988, INT MATER REV, V33, P53, DOI 10.1179/imr.1988.33.1.53
Lee J, 2002, ISIJ INT, V42, P588, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.42.588
NITA PS, 1991, METALURGIJA, V43, P16
OGAWA K, 1992, 143 144 NISH TECHN S
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU CONSEJO SUPERIOR INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS-CSIC
PI MADRID
PA Editorial CSIC, C/VITRUVIO 8, 28006 MADRID, SPAIN
SN 0034-8570
EI 1988-4222
J9 REV METAL MADRID
JI Rev. Metal.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 5
EP 14
DI 10.3989/revmetalm.0849
PG 10
GA 597DW
UT WOS:000277737400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Stanisavljevic, M
Krstic, I
Zec, S
AF Stanisavljevic, M.
Krstic, I.
Zec, S.
TI Eco-Technological Process of Glass-Ceramic Production From Galvanic
Sludge and Aluminium Slag
SO SCIENCE OF SINTERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Galvanic sludge; Aluminium slag; Glass-ceramics; Ecological risk
AB Methods of purification of waste water which are most commonly used in the
Republic of Serbia belong to the type of conventional systems for purification such
as chemical oxidation and reduction, neutralization, sedimentation, coagulation,
and flocculation. Consequently, these methods generate waste sludge which, unless
adequately stabilized, represents hazardous matter. The aluminium slag generated by
melting or die-casting aluminium and its alloys is also hazardous matter. In this
sense, this paper establishes ecological risk of galvanic waste sludge and
aluminium slag and then describes the process of stabilization of these waste
materials by means of transformation into a glass-ceramic structure through
sintering. The obtained product was analyzed with Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The object of the paper is the
eco-technological process of producing glass-ceramics from galvanic sludge and
aluminium slag. The aim of the paper is to incorporate toxic metals from galvanic
sludge and aluminium slag into the glass-ceramic product, in the form of solid
solutions.
C1 [Stanisavljevic, M.; Krstic, I.] Univ Nis, Fac Occupat Safety, Nish 18000,
Serbia.
[Zec, S.] VINCA Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade 11001, Serbia.
C3 University of Nis; University of Belgrade
RP Stanisavljevic, M (corresponding author), Univ Nis, Fac Occupat Safety, Nish
18000, Serbia.
EM fznr@ptt.rs
OI Krstic, Ivan/0000-0001-7181-0885
CR Barbieri L, 1999, FUEL, V78, P271, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00134-3
Bednarik V, 2005, J HAZARD MATER, V122, P139, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.021
Bingham PA, 2005, J HAZARD MATER, V119, P125, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.11.014
Garcia-Valles M, 2007, CHEMOSPHERE, V68, P1946, DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.034
*ICDD JCPDS, POWD DIFFR FIL
Karamanov A, 2004, CERAM INT, V30, P2129, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2003.11.019
Nakamoto K., 1998, Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination
Compounds
STANISAVLJEVIC M, 1999, THESIS, P55
VLASOVA MV, 1997, CERAM ACTA, V9, P19
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 17
PU INT INST SCIENCE SINTERING (I I S S)
PI BELGRADE
PA C/O ITN SANU, KNEZ MIHAILOVA 35/IV, PO BOX 315, 11000 BELGRADE,
YUGOSLAVIA
SN 0350-820X
J9 SCI SINTER
JI Sci. Sinter.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 1
BP 125
EP 130
DI 10.2298/SOS1001124S
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 617CC
UT WOS:000279257400012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Perepelitsyn, VA
Proshkin, VA
Rytvin, VM
Ignatenko, VG
Yarosh, IA
Abyzov, AN
AF Perepelitsyn, V. A.
Proshkin, V. A.
Rytvin, V. M.
Ignatenko, V. G.
Yarosh, I. A.
Abyzov, A. N.
TI Non-traditional domestic refractory materials for aluminum metallurgy
SO REFRACTORIES AND INDUSTRIAL CERAMICS
LA English
DT Article
AB The promising and most accessible natural and technogenic raw materials are
considered for lining metallurgical units for producing primary and secondary
aluminum. A potential form of natural raw material for use as a dry barrier mix in
aluminum electrolyzers is quartz pyrophyllite rock. For lining melting and casting
units of the aluminum industry with the greatest technical and economic efficiency
it is desirable to use aluminothermal slags and fuzed materials of OAO Klyuchevsk
Ferroalloy Plant.
CR Byukhel G., 2006, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P66
Perepelitsyn VA, 2007, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V48, P242, DOI 10.1007/s11148-007-
0068-7
Perepelitsyn V. P., 2005, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, V9, P64
SOROKIN IN, 1991, Patent No. 1086697
SOROKIN IN, 1984, Patent No. 1089638
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU CONSULTANTS BUREAU/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
J9 REFRACT IND CERAM+
JI Refract. Ind. Ceram.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 4
BP 257
EP 260
DI 10.1007/s11148-008-9090-7
PG 4
GA 383SG
UT WOS:000261693100006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vdovin, KN
Rusakov, AV
Lisichkina, KA
AF Vdovin, K. N.
Rusakov, A. V.
Lisichkina, K. A.
TI PREVENTION OF OVERGROWTH ON SUBMERGED NOZZLES DURING CASTING OF STEEL
DEOXIDIZED BY ALUMINUM
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
AB An initial reaction layer forms on the submerged entry nozzles; this layer is
followed by bulk deposits that primarily contain endogenous alumina and steel
inclusions. It would therefore be of some interest to prevent the formation of this
initial layer opposite the refractory wall of the submerged nozzle. The presence of
carbon and SiO2 on the surface of the nozzle facilitates formation of a loose layer
of alumina deposits. Refractories with various coatings were tested in contact with
nonmetallic inclusions, liquid steel, and synthetic slag. It was found that a
coating of pure alumina or ZrO2 reduces overgrowth on the submerged nozzles and
shows high chemical resistance to liquid steel.
C1 [Vdovin, K. N.; Rusakov, A. V.] Nosov Magnitogorsk State Tech Univ,
Magnitogorsk, Russia.
[Lisichkina, K. A.] Magnitogorsk Met Combine, Magnitogorsk, Russia.
C3 Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
RP Vdovin, KN (corresponding author), Nosov Magnitogorsk State Tech Univ,
Magnitogorsk, Russia.
RI Vdovin, Konstantin N/F-4078-2016
OI Vdovin, Konstantin N/0000-0003-3244-3327
CR AKSELROD AM, 1991, REFRACT IND CERAM, V32, P661
AKSELROD AM, 1991, OGNEUPORY, P29
GAVRISH DI, 1978, REFRACT IND CERAM, V19, P535
GAVRISH DI, 1978, OGNEUPORY, P6
Grishpun EM, 1999, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V40, P170, DOI 10.1007/BF02762376
GRISHPUN EM, 1999, REFRACT IND CERAM, P42
KATAOKA S, 1997, NOVOSTI CHERN METALL, P132
Kolomeitsev VV, 1996, METALLURGIST+, V40, P122, DOI 10.1007/BF02340822
KOLOMEITSEV VV, 1990, REFRACTORIES INDUSTR, V31, P466
KOLOMEITSEV VV, 1996, METALLURG, P36
KOLOMEITSEV VV, 1988, REFRACT IND CERAM, V29, P16
KOLOMEITSEV VV, 1990, OGNEUPORY, P33
KOLOMEITSEV VV, 1988, OGNEUPORY, P13
Kortel A. A., 1990, OGNEUPORY, P37
KORTEL AA, 1990, REFRACT IND CERAM, V31, P355
1986, REFRACTORIES CONTINU
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD MAY
PY 2008
VL 52
IS 5-6
BP 343
EP 345
DI 10.1007/s11015-008-9056-5
PG 3
GA 361RT
UT WOS:000260145500014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bauer, C
Mogessie, A
Galovsky, U
AF Bauer, C
Mogessie, A
Galovsky, U
TI Formation, stability, and presence of magnesium nitride in magnesium
recycling processes
SO ZEITSCHRIFT FUR METALLKUNDE
LA English
DT Article
DE magnesium nitride; magnesium recycling
ID ALUMINUM
AB In this study an attempt has been made to identify analytical methods for
detecting magnesium nitride, and document in which part of the magnesium recycling
process this phase is concentrated. The samples were taken from a continuous
fluxfree recycling session, where an AZ91D magnesium alloy was remelted and
purified by blowing nitrogen through the melt. Exothermic reactions took place when
magnesium nitride reacted to ammonia and Brucite and also when aluminium nitride
reacted to ammonia and Gibbsite in a moisture-bearing environment. Because of this,
it was essential to avoid any contact with moisture during the whole sampling and
preparation process. The samples were exclusively handled in an argon atmosphere.
Due to their crystallinity and Raman activity the nitrides were detected with Xray
diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. With the scanning electron
microscope it was difficult to analyze small concentrations of nitrides since
large, stable crystals were absent and the carbon coating absorbs the nitrogen Koc
line.
The Mg-alloy was found to be free of impurities. Although nitrides were expected
to be concentrated in the slag because of their greater density, they were found
adhering at the nitrogen bubbles and accumulating in the dross. Large amounts of
oxides were concentrated in the slag.
C1 Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Earth Sci, Dept Mineral & Petr, A-8010 Graz,
Austria.
C3 University of Graz
RP Bauer, C (corresponding author), Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Earth Sci, Dept
Mineral & Petr, Univ Pl 2-2, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
EM chrbauer@gmx.at
CR Aizawa T, 2000, MATER SCI FORUM, V350-3, P247, DOI
Armenta MGM, 2000, PHYS REV B, V62, P4890, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.4890
BASTIN GF, 1988, QUANTITATIVE ELECT P, P1
DAVID J, 1971, B SOC FR MINERAL CR, V94, P340
HOU QH, 1995, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V195, P121, DOI 10.1016/0921-5093(94)06511-X
HOYPETERSON N, 2000, ULLMANS ENCY IND CHE, P1
PIETSCH E, 1953, GMELINS HDB ANORGA B, V35, P1
PIETSCH E, 1953, GMELINS HDB ANORGA B, V27, P1
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 23
PU CARL HANSER VERLAG
PI MUNICH
PA KOLBERGERSTRASSE 22, POSTFACH 86 04 20, D-81679 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 0044-3093
J9 Z METALLKD
JI Z. Metallk.
PD FEB
PY 2006
VL 97
IS 2
BP 164
EP 168
DI 10.3139/146.101220
PG 5
GA 034BD
UT WOS:000236898500010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, S
Chakrabarti, S
Ghatak, S
Das, SK
AF Mandal, S.
Chakrabarti, S.
Ghatak, S.
Das, S. K.
TI Low expansive glass-ceramic material produced from blast furnace slag
and china clay
SO INDUSTRIAL CERAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; ASH; VITRIFICATION;
INCINERATION; WASTES; SYSTEM; PHASE
AB A glass composition based on the Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) ternary diagram was
prepared utilizing last furnace slag (a by-product from steel plant) and china
clay. The batch was modified by the addition of lithium carbonate, hydrated alumina
boric acid and titania (TiO2). Titania was used as a nucleating agent. The batch
was melted at 1400 degrees C followed by casting in the form of bars and annealed
at 510 degrees C for 4h. The annealed specimens were subjected to heat treatment at
a predetermined temperatures, selected from DTA study of the parent glass. The
specimen nucleated at 520 degrees C for 1 h and crystallised at 620 degrees C for 2
h resulted a very low coefficient of thermal expansion [0.064 to 10.19 x 10(-
7)degrees C] in the temperature range of 30 to 500 degrees C due to the formation
of beta-eucryptite, gamma-eucryptite and LAlSi3O8 crystalline phases, while other
heating schedules showed the formation of spodumene and associated lithium
aluminium silicate phases. All the samples showed excellent flexural strength value
and varied in the range of 118-200 MPa. The micro-structural features were also
examined through SEM study. Formation of dense microstructure was noticed in the
sample nucleated at 520 degrees C for 4 h and crystallized at 620 degrees C for 2
h.
C1 Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Clay & Tradit Ceram Div, Kolkata, India.
Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI)
RP Mandal, S (corresponding author), Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, Clay & Tradit
Ceram Div, PO Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata, India.
RI DAS, SWAPAN/D-3820-2009
Beall G.H., 1992, J MAT ED, V14, P315
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2916.1989.tb05994.x
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2916.1997.tb03231.x
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X
Romero M, 1999, J EUR CERAM SOC, V19, P2049, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00011-4
Rozenstrauha I, 2002, GLASS SCI TECHNOL, V75, P132
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Tulyaganov DU, 2004, CERAM INT, V30, P1023, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2003.10.022
Vogel W., 1971, STRUCTURE CRYSTALLIZ
WANG MC, 1990, NIPPON SERAM KYO GAK, V98, P625
1964, PHASE DIAGRAMS CERAM, P167
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU TECHNA SRL
PI FAENZA
PA PO BOX 174, 48018 FAENZA, ITALY
SN 1121-7588
J9 IND CERAM
JI Ind. Ceram.
PD JAN-APR
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 1
BP 53
EP 59
PG 7
GA 057WE
UT WOS:000238625100008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Bruckard, WJ
Walta, P
Woodcock, JT
AF Bruckard, WJ
Walta, P
Woodcock, JT
BE Kvande, H
TI The recovery of aluminium metal from primary and secondary aluminium
drosses by wet grinding and screening
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CT Technical Session on Light Metals 2005 held at the 134th TMS Annual
Meeting
CY FEB 13-17, 2005
CL San Francisco, CA
DE aluminium; primary aluminium dross; secondary aluminium dross; grinding;
screening
ID SLAGS
AB Aluminium drosses are waste products formed during the smelting and re-melting
of aluminium. They are toxic and expensive to dump, but contain potentially
valuable metallic aluminium. Tests on three Australian drosses containing 4-16%
metallic aluminium (Al(0)) showed that it was possible to obtain high recoveries of
Al(0) in high grade concentrates by wet grinding and screening.
Characterisation of the drosses showed that they were complex mixtures of
metallics, oxides, nitrides, carbides, and water-soluble salts. Aluminium was
present as Al(0), AlN, Al(5)O(6)N, Al(4)C(3), Al(2)O(3), NaAl(11)O(17),
Na(3)AlF(6), and MgAl(2)O(4). The P(80) of the drosses ranged from 290 mu m to 750
mu m.
After wet grinding in a ball mill for 20-30 min the P(80) of the drosses was
reduced to 38-74 mu m. Screening of the ground dross, and assay of the size
fractions, showed that the malleable aluminium prills had been flattened and
reported in the coarser size fractions, while the softer and/or more brittle non-
metallics reported to the finer fractions.
For primary dross, screening at 150 mu m (which is commercially practicable),
recovered 95% of the metallic aluminium in a product assaying 90% Al(0). Secondary
drosses gave 54-63% recovery in concentrates assaying 66-70% Al(0). It is believed
that these concentrates can be directly re-melted, thus providing an economic
benefit.
C1 CSIRO Minerals, Clayton, Vic 3169, Australia.
C3 Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
RP Bruckard, WJ (corresponding author), CSIRO Minerals, Box 312, Clayton, Vic 3169,
Australia.
CR Bahr A., 1978, COMPLEX METALLURGY 7, P134
BECKMANN M, 1991, ALUMINIUM DUESSELDOR, V67, P589
Bohlinger I., 1997, JOM, V47, P48
Bruckard WJ, 2004, AUSTRALAS I MIN MET, V2004, P217
FAIR KJ, 1987, CIM BULL, V80, P73
HANGI AM, 2002, J MET, V54, P24
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NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-580-8
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2005
BP 1203
EP 1208
PG 6
GA BBX43
UT WOS:000228234700208
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Warke, V
Maniruzzaman, M
Makhlouf, M
AF Warke, V
Maniruzzaman, M
Makhlouf, M
BE Crepeau, PN
TI Computer simulations for the removal of solid particles from molten
aluminum in the rotating impeller degasser
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CY MAR 02-06, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
ID COAGULATION; SYSTEMS; FLUID
AB One of the main tasks in aluminum refining is the removal of dissolved hydrogen
and solid particles from the molten metal. This task is typically accomplished by
means of a rotating impeller degasser. In this process, an inert gas, or a mixture
of an inert and a reactive gas, is bubbled into the molten metal through a spinning
nozzle. While the gas bubbles rise to the surface, they come in contact with
suspended solid particles and dissolved hydrogen and carry them to the top slag.
Currently, optimization of the rotating impeller degassing process relies to a
large extent on operator experience; however, the demand for ever-increasing metal
quality and cost effectiveness necessitates new approaches. Better understanding of
the process can be achieved through mathematical modeling and computer simulations.
Models can be used to determine causes and corrective actions for specific
operation problems.
C1 Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Engn, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
C3 Worcester Polytechnic Institute
RP Warke, V (corresponding author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Dept Mech Engn,
Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
CR ABRAHAMSON J, 1975, CHEM ENG SCI, V30, P1371, DOI 10.1016/0009-2509(75)85067-6
Cook R, 1997, LIGHT METALS 1997, P809
Crowe C.T., 1997, MULTIPHASE FLOWS DRO
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Johansen ST, 1998, LIGHT METALS 1998, P805
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LANDGREBE JD, 1990, J COLLOID INTERF SCI, V139, P63, DOI 10.1016/0021-
9797(90)90445-T
Launder B.E., 1972, Lectures in mathematical models of turbulence
MANIRUZZAMAN M, 2001, METALL T B, V32, P1
MANIRUZZAMAN M, 2000, THESIS WORCESTER POL, P57
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NYAHUMWA C, 1998, AFS CAST C
SACHS G, 1947, AFS T, V55, P102
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10.1006/jcis.1998.5436
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WU JJ, 1990, J COLLOIDAL INTERFAC, V139, P63
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-531-X
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2003
BP 893
EP 899
PG 7
Engineering
GA BW64R
UT WOS:000182684700129
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Holappa, L
Hämäläinen, M
Liukkonen, M
Lind, M
AF Holappa, L
Hämäläinen, M
Liukkonen, M
Lind, M
GP HMMS
HMMS
TI Thermodynamic examination on inclusion modification and precipitation
from calcium treatment to solidified steel
SO SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLEAN STEEL
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Clean Steel
CY JUN 10-12, 2002
CL BALATONFURED, HUNGARY
AB Calcium treatment is a well-established method, nowadays, to transform oxide and
sulphide inclusions in steel to less harmful inclusions which can even have
beneficial effects to steel properties. Transformation of solid alumina clusters to
liquid calcium aluminates by calcium is a common technique to avoid nozzle blocking
problems in continuous casting of Al-deoxidized steels. Nowadays, calcium treatment
is also one of the key methods to improve steel machinability. Further improvements
in machinability can be attained by increased sulphur content. Resulphurized
steels, however, tend to have casting problems due to deficient modification of
oxides or formation of solid CaS inclusions which have a clogging tendency too.
In this study formation and transformation of liquid and solid inclusions
containing oxidic and sulphidic components were examined by thermodynamic
calculations. A quasichemical slag model was applied to calculate equilibrium oxide
and sulphide inclusions in steel. Calculations were carried out in a wide
temperature range in order to study both the formation of species in the melt
corresponding to ladle treatment conditions as well as casting. In order to examine
inclusion behaviour during casting and solidification the IDS solidification model
was coupled with the thermodynamic equilibrium calculations.
The results show the conditions in which liquid inclusions can be formed with
Ca-treatment. The calculations were performed at different temperatures and varying
calcium, aluminium and sulphur contents. The effect of total oxygen content was
studied as well. The main components in liquid Ca-aluminates were CaO and Al2O3
plus some SiO2 and CaS. The stability relations of different compounds alter as a
function of the temperature. An abrupt change happens during solidification when
the partition of the inclusion forming elements between the liquid and solid iron
phases are taken into account.
C1 Aalto Univ, FIN-02015 Helsinki, Finland.
C3 Aalto University
RP Holappa, L (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, POB 6200, FIN-02015 Helsinki,
Finland.
RI Lind, Minna/F-3370-2012
CR [Anonymous], 2000, MICROSTRUCTURES MECH, DOI DOI 10.1002/3527606157.CH51
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0136(95)02002-4
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NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU HUNGARIAN MINING METALLURGICAL SOC
PI BUDAPEST
PA ANKER KOZ 1-3, H-1061 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY
PY 2002
BP 116
EP 125
PG 10
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA BU82V
UT WOS:000177135000013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fröhlich, L
Fröhlichova, M
Janak, G
Lohay, T
AF Fröhlich, L
Fröhlichova, M
Janak, G
Lohay, T
TI Matrix microstructure of high aluminum refractory building materials and
its influence on corrosion
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE microstructure; aluminium; building; corrosion; refractory
AB Results of a microstructural study in the area of matrix phase to be found in
the real high-aluminum refractory building materials ALKO 60A and ALKO 65M are
presented in this article. State of the matrix phase after firing and the influence
of its composition on the structural behaviour are also presented. Moreover,
results of corrosion tests of studied refractories are published in this paper. The
tests were carried out by dynamic corrosion modeling of refractories in the steel
melt and in the melt of steel waste slag at the temperature of 1600 degrees C.
C1 VSZ Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia.
TU Kosice, Fac Met, Kosice, Slovakia.
C3 Technical University Kosice
RI Frohlichova, Mária/AAA-7607-2020
CR FROHLICHOVA M, 1993, HUTN LISTY, V9, P31
KUCKOVA A, 1993, HUTN LISTY, V9, P35
LOHAY T, 1990, STAVIVO, V4, P151
SCHULLE W, 1981, STAVIVO, V4, P150
STRELOV KK, 1982, STRUCTURE QUALITY RE
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD APR-JUN
PY 2000
VL 39
IS 2
BP 119
EP 123
PG 5
GA 295LF
UT WOS:000085967000010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Cameron, AM
Lewis, LA
Drumm, CF
AF Cameron, AM
Lewis, LA
Drumm, CF
BE Lorimer, GW
TI The thermodynamic and economic modelling of a novel magnesium production
process
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL MAGNESIUM CONFERENCE
LA English
CT 3rd International Magnesium Conference
CY APR 10-12, 1996
CL MANCHESTER, ENGLAND
AB The thermodynamic and economic benefits of a new magnesium production process
(MAGRAM) are described.
MAGRAM, is a synonym of MAGnesium Recovery from Asbestos and related waste
Materials. The process is a specific environmental variant of a generic
pyrometallurgical process which produces magnesium vapour at atmospheric pressure
by reaction of ferrosilicon (and/or aluminium) with a molten slag bath. Process
development has required a range of theoretical, laboratory and pilot plant
studies. Some key results of the various studies are described.
An important characteristic of the MAGRAM process is flexible slag chemistry
enabling the use of both traditional and unconventional raw materials. MAGRAM can
therefore be tailored to reflect the cost, availability and composition of local
raw materials. Low capital costs make the process insensitive to economies of
scale. It represents a highly competitive option for incremental increases in
magnesium production capacity.
RP Cameron, AM (corresponding author), BOC GRP INC,SHEFFIELD,S YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
BN 1-86125-013-4
PY 1997
BP 7
EP 18
PG 12
Engineering
GA BJ62T
UT WOS:A1997BJ62T00002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU RICHTER, H
RZEPCZYK, H
TEMBERGEN, D
AF RICHTER, H
RZEPCZYK, H
TEMBERGEN, D
TI QUALITY-RELATED PROCESS-CONTROL IN SECONDARY METALLURGY AT A BASIC
OXYGEN STEEL PLANT
SO STAHL UND EISEN
LA German
DT Article
AB Objective: At the steel plant in Ruhrort, process control in steel metallurgy
has attained a high level of importance, It has as its focal point the treatment of
heats in ladles and in a ladle furnace, as well as in a ladle tank and
recirculating degassing facility.
Taking actual applications as examples, the article sets out to explain how the
quality problems encountered in the production of a higher-alloy engineering steel,
a steel cord grade and a ball and roller bearing steel are solved in optimum
fashion with the aid of such process control.
Summary: The product mix of the steel plant in Ruhrort ranges from sulphur-rich
free-cutting steels and nearly sulphur-free aluminium-bearing engineering steels
through to aluminium-free steels for the manufacture of steel cord. Such
differences in the metallurgical requirements demand special care in the control
and assurance of quality. Both can be guaranteed nowadays only by an elaborate
system of process control that combines modern plant engineering with up-to-date
technological know-how. The main aims in this respect remain the exact control of
the temperature and of the ladle slag. Both must follow on smoothly from the slag-
free tapping at the melting/refining vessel,
With the adoption of the strategy of Total Quality Management, the main emphasis
at the Ruhrort steel plant simultaneously shifted from production control to
process control. In this connection it was necessary to define the process sequence
in all its part-steps and to demonstrate the control of the process within the
scope of a quality assurance system conforming to DIN ISO 9001.
RP RICHTER, H (corresponding author), THYSSEN STAHL AG, DUISBURG, GERMANY.
NR 0
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0340-4803
J9 STAHL EISEN
JI Stahl Eisen
PD MAY 15
PY 1995
VL 115
IS 5
BP 83
EP 87
PG 5
GA RA909
UT WOS:A1995RA90900007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Qu, JS
Zhang, JB
Li, HQ
Li, SP
Shi, D
Chang, RQ
Wu, WF
Zhu, GY
Yang, CNA
Wang, CY
AF Qu, Jiangshan
Zhang, Jianbo
Li, Huiquan
Li, Shaopeng
Shi, Da
Chang, Ruiqi
Wu, Wenfen
Zhu, Ganyu
Yang, Chennian
Wang, Chenye
TI Occurrence, leaching behavior, and detoxification of heavy metal Cr in
coal gasification slag
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal gasification slag; Heavy metal; Distributions; Leaching;
Detoxification; Precipitation
ID SPECIATION; CHROMIUM; ELEMENTS; IRON; HG
AB Coal gasification slag (CGS) is a type of solid waste produced during coal
gasification, in which heavy metals severely restrict its resource utilization. In
this work, the mineral occurrence and distribution of typical heavy metal Cr in CGS
is investigated. The leaching behavior of Cr under different conditions is studied
in detail. Acid leaching-selective oxidation-coprecipitation method is proposed
based on the characteristics of Cr in CGS. The detoxification of Cr in CGS is
realized, and the detoxification mechanism is clarified. Results show that Cris
highly enriched in CGS. The speciation of Cris mainly residual fraction (74.47%-
86.12%), which is combined with amorphous aluminosilicate. Cr3+ and Cr6+ account
for 90.93%- 94.82% and 5.18%-9.07% of total Cr, respectively. High acid
concentration and high liquid-solid ratio are beneficial to destroy the lattice
structure of amorphous aluminosilicate, thus improving the leaching efficiency of
Cr, which can reach 97.93% under the optimal conditions. Acid leaching-selective
oxidation- coprecipitation method can realize the detoxification of Cr in CGS.
Under the optimal conditions, the removal rates of Fe3+ and Cr3+ in the leaching
solution are 80.99%-84.79% and 70.58%-71.69%, respectively, while the loss rate of
Al3+ is only 1.10%-3.35%. Detoxification slag exists in the form of Fe-Cr
coprecipitation (Fe1-xCrxOOH), which can be used for smelting. The detoxification
acid leaching solution can be used to prepare inorganic polymer composite coagulant
poly-aluminum chloride (PAC). This study can provide theoretical and data guidance
for detoxification of heavy metal Cr in CGS and achieve resource utilization of
coal gasification solid waste. (c) 2022 The Chemical Industry and Engineering
Society of China, and Chemical Industry Press Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qu, Jiangshan; Zhang, Jianbo; Li, Huiquan; Li, Shaopeng; Shi, Da; Chang, Ruiqi;
Wu, Wenfen; Zhu, Ganyu; Yang, Chennian; Wang, Chenye] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc
Engn, Natl Engn Res Ctr Green Recycling Strateg Met Reso, CAS Key Lab Green Proc &
[Qu, Jiangshan; Li, Huiquan; Chang, Ruiqi] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Chem Engn,
[Shi, Da] Northeastern Univ, Sch Resources & Civil Engn, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
C3 Institute of Process Engineering, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,
CAS; Northeastern University - China
RP Li, HQ (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Natl Engn Res
Ctr Green Recycling Strateg Met Reso, CAS Key Lab Green Proc & Engn, Beijing
EM hqli@ipe.ac.cn
RI w, wfen/JGM-7604-2023
OI w, wfen/0000-0002-4110-3095
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52174390, U1810205];
Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture of the Chinese Academy of
Sciences China [IAGM2022D04]; Strategic Priority Research Program of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences China [XDA21040601]
FX The work was finally supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (52174390, U1810205) , Innovation Academy for Green
Manufacture of the Chinese Academy of Sciences China (IAGM2022D04) , and
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
China (XDA21040601) .
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NR 45
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 21
U2 21
PU CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PRESS CO LTD
PI BEIJING
PA NO 13, QINGNIANHU SOUTH ST, DONGCHENG DIST, BEIJING 100011, PEOPLES R
CHINA
SN 1004-9541
EI 2210-321X
J9 CHINESE J CHEM ENG
JI Chin. J. Chem. Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2023
VL 58
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.10.013
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA I2NA4
UT WOS:001001190700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI A Review of the Thermochemical Behaviour of Fluxes in Submerged Arc
Welding: Modelling of Gas Phase Reactions
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Review
DE modelling; flux; welding; SAW; gas; thermodynamics; oxygen; aluminium;
basicity; slag; weld metal
ID SLAG-METAL REACTIONS; ELEMENT TRANSFER; CHEMISTRY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; MN
AB This review is focused on the thermochemical behaviour of fluxes in submerged
arc welding (SAW). The English-language literature from the 1970s onwards is
reviewed. It was recognised early on that the thermochemical behaviour of fluxes
sets the weld metal total ppm O and the element transfer extent from the molten
flux (slag) to the weld pool. Despite the establishment of this link between the
flux-induced oxygen potential and element transfer, it is also well accepted that
the slag-metal equilibrium does not control SAW process metallurgy. Instead, the
gas phase must be taken into account to better describe SAW process metallurgy
equilibrium calculations. This is illustrated in the gas-slag-metal equilibrium
simulation model developed by Coetsee. This model provides improved accuracy in
predicting the weld metal total ppm O values as compared to the empirical trend of
Tuliani et al. Recent works on the application of Al metal powder with alloying
metal powders provide new insights into the likely gas phase reactions in the SAW
process and the modification of the flux oxygen behaviour via Al additions.
Aluminium may lower the partial oxygen pressure in the arc cavity, and aluminium
also lowers the partial oxygen pressure at the weld pool-slag interface. The weld
metal total ppm O is lowered with the addition of aluminium in SAW, but not to the
same extent as would be expected from steelmaking ladle metallurgy de-oxidation
practice when using Al as de-oxidiser. This difference indicates that slag-metal
equilibrium is not maintained in the SAW process.
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NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 3
AR 658
DI 10.3390/pr11030658
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA A8BD2
UT WOS:000957307800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, FH
Zhao, W
Li, JG
Fan, HL
Xu, ML
Han, GP
Guo, MX
Wang, ZQ
Huang, JJ
Fang, YT
AF Li, Fenghai
Zhao, Wei
Li, Junguo
Fan, Hongli
Xu, Meiling
Han, Guopeng
Guo, Mingxi
Wang, Zhiqing
Huang, Jiejie
Fang, Yitian
TI Investigation on influencing mechanisms of phosphogypsum (PG) on the ash
fusion behaviors of coal
SO ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ash fusion characteristics; Phosphogypsum (PG); Modification behaviors;
Regulation mechanism
ID CHEMICAL LOOPING GASIFICATION; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; BIOMASS ASH; TEMPERATURE;
SLAG; PREDICTION
AB To explore the effects of phosphogypsum (PG) on coal ash fusion characteristics,
the ash fusion temperature (AFT) modifications of two coals (Xiaolongtan coal (XLT)
and Jiaozuo coal (JZ)) by PG addition, and their mechanisms under a reducing
atmosphere were analyzed. With increasing PG mass ratio, the AFT of mixed XLT
increased, while the AFT decreased for JZ mixtures. To meet the liquid-slag-
discharge requirement during entrained-flow gasification, the PG suitable mass
ratios were 4.9%-8.9% and 6.5%-9.0% for XLT and JZ, respectively. The different AFT
variations resulted from the changes in its base/acid ratio ((CaO + MgO + Na2O +
K2O + Fe2O3 + SO3)/(Al2O3 + SiO2 + P2O5)). With PG addition, the decreasing
relative low melting-point (MP) CaAl2Si2O8 and increasing high-calcium minerals
(e.g., Ca2Al2SiO7, Ca3SiO5, Ca5P2SiO12, and Ca7Mg-Si4O16) caused the mixed AFT to
increase for high-calcium XLT; decreasing high-MP Al6Si2O13 and increasing
CaAl2Si2O8 content caused the mixed AFT for high silicon-aluminum JZ to decrease.
The AFT variation might also be explained by the variations in the temperature
range (between the appearance of liquid-phase and all minerals complete change into
the liquid-phase) and ash composition positions of XLT or JZ mixtures in the SiO2-
Al2O3-CaO ternary phase diagram with increasing PG mass ratio.
C1 [Li, Fenghai; Fan, Hongli; Xu, Meiling; Han, Guopeng; Guo, Mingxi] Heze Univ,
Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Zhao, Wei] Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo
[Li, Fenghai; Wang, Zhiqing; Huang, Jiejie; Fang, Yitian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst
Coal Chem, State Key Lab Coal Convers, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
[Li, Junguo] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies,
Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.
[Li, Junguo] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R
China.
Sciences; Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS; Southern University of
Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology
Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com
RI Li, Junguo/C-7799-2019
OI Li, Junguo/0000-0002-8001-5338
Foundation of Shandong Province, China [ZR2018MB037, ZR2021MB011]
China (21875059) , and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong
Province, China (ZR2018MB037, ZR2021MB011) .
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NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 19
PI OXFORD
SN 0360-5442
EI 1873-6785
J9 ENERGY
JI Energy
PD APR 1
PY 2023
VL 268
AR 126699
DI 10.1016/j.energy.2023.126699
EA JAN 2023
PG 12
GA 8L4CD
UT WOS:000923730000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZW
Shi, CB
Wang, SJ
Li, J
Zhu, X
AF Wang, Zhongwei
Shi, Chengbin
Wang, Shijun
Li, Jing
Zhu, Xin
TI Evolution and Formation of Non-Metallic Inclusions during Electroslag
Remelting of Ce-Bearing 15Cr-22Ni-1Nb Austenitic Heat-Resistant Steel
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusion; cerium; electroslag remelting; reoxidation; evolution
ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; HIGH-SPEED STEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; IMPACT TOUGHNESS; SOLIDIFICATION; CARBIDE;
CERIUM
AB The evolution of inclusions in austenitic heat-resistant steel with different Ce
content during protective argon gas atmosphere electroslag remelting (ESR) was
studied. All oxide inclusions in the Ce-free consumable electrode are MgO center
dot Al2O3. A part of these MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions was removed before metal
droplets entered the liquid metal pool during the ESR. The soluble oxygen (arising
from the reoxidation) reacted with soluble aluminum, calcium, and magnesium in
liquid steel to form MgO center dot Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3 inclusions in liquid steel.
All oxide inclusions in the electrode with 0.016 mass% Ce are Ce2O2S. A portion of
these Ce2O2S inclusions was dissociated into soluble oxygen, cerium, and sulfur in
liquid steel during the ESR process, whereas the others were removed by absorbing
them into molten slag. The oxide inclusions in the liquid metal pool and remelted
ingot were Ce2O3, CeAlO3, and Ce2O2S. The CeAlO3 and Ce2O3 inclusions were
reoxidation products formed by the chemical reaction between the soluble oxygen,
soluble aluminum, and cerium. The oxide inclusions in the electrode with 0.300 mass
% Ce are CeS and Ce2O2S. These CeS inclusions were removed by molten slag
adsorption during the ESR. A part of these Ce2O2S inclusions was removed by slag
adsorption, and the remaining entered into the liquid metal pool. The oxide
inclusions in the liquid metal pool and the ingot were Ce2O3 and Ce2O2S. The Ce2O3
inclusions were formed through the chemical reaction between the soluble oxygen and
cerium in the liquid metal pool. The Ce2O2S inclusions in the liquid pool originate
from reoxidation products during the ESR process and the relics from the electrode.
C1 [Wang, Zhongwei; Shi, Chengbin; Wang, Shijun; Li, Jing; Zhu, Xin] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing USTB, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM chengbin.shi@ustb.edu.cn
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
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NR 42
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 13
U2 25
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD DEC
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 12
AR 2094
DI 10.3390/met12122094
PG 18
Engineering
GA 7G7FH
UT WOS:000902684700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, J
Li, B
Jia, YP
Chen, JH
Feng, JS
Ren, B
Yin, S
Zhang, ZJ
Gong, DS
AF Liu, Jie
Li, Bin
Jia, Yuanping
Chen, Junhong
Feng, Jisheng
Ren, Bo
Yin, Shu
Zhang, Zhijiao
Gong, Diansheng
TI Slag resistance mechanism of CaO•6Al2O3 refractory
and its effect on inclusions of aluminum deoxidized steel
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum deoxidized steel; nonmetallic inclusion; refractory; slag
resistance
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; HYDRATION RESISTANCE; OXIDE INCLUSIONS;
OXYGEN-CONTENT; SPINEL; DEOXIDATION; SI; MICROSTRUCTURE; IMPROVEMENT;
CM(2)A(8)
AB In order to verify the advantage of CaO center dot 6Al(2)O(3) (CA(6))-based
refractories on the inclusions of aluminum deoxidized steel, the five refractories,
CA(6), alumina, spinel, and CA(6)-alumina and CA(6)-spinel composition refractories
were prepared into crucibles, and then the laboratory smelting experiments were
conducted. After experiment, the slag resistance of the crucible and the variation
on inclusions in steel were characterized and discussed. A dense CaO center dot
2Al(2)O(3) (CA(2)) layer, which was produced by CA(6) reacting with the slag, was
distributed between the original bricklayer and the slag layer, improving the slag
resistance of refractories. Meanwhile, the 12CaO center dot 7Al(2)O(3) (C(12)A(7)),
generated by the reaction between CA(2) and refining slag, would release much Ca
into the molten steel. The Ca would react with inclusions to produce low melting
point substance to float up and remove, contributing to the reduction of the
proportion of large size inclusions. In addition, typical inclusions in steel
smelted with CA(6) crucible were small-sized MgO center dot Al2O3 inclusions,
whereas those of other crucibles are MnS-MgO center dot Al2O3 composite inclusions
with MgO center dot Al2O3 as the core, implying CA(6) may absorb sulfur during the
smelting process.
C1 [Liu, Jie; Li, Bin; Chen, Junhong; Ren, Bo; Zhang, Zhijiao; Gong, Diansheng]
Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Li, Bin; Yin, Shu] Tohoku Univ, Inst Multidisciplinary Res Adv Mat IMRAM,
Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
[Jia, Yuanping; Feng, Jisheng] ZiBo LuZhong Refractory Co Ltd, Zibo, Peoples R
China.
[Yin, Shu] Tohoku Univ, Adv Inst Mat Res WPI AIMR, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Tohoku University; Tohoku
University
RP Li, B; Chen, JH (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Mat Sci
& Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM libin@ustb.edu.cn; cjh2666@126.com
RI ren, bo/IST-0814-2023; Chen, Junhong/C-7808-2015; Li, Bin/IQT-8772-2023
OI Chen, Junhong/0000-0002-9143-1222; Li, Bin/0000-0002-2404-9971
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51874027]; Major Science
and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province [2019JZZY010359]
FX National Nature Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number:
51874027; Major Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong
Province, Grant/Award Number: 2019JZZY010359
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NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 16
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1546-542X
EI 1744-7402
J9 INT J APPL CERAM TEC
JI Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2022
VL 19
IS 6
BP 3323
EP 3333
DI 10.1111/ijac.14156
EA AUG 2022
PG 11
GA 5B0AR
UT WOS:000840677100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JY
Yu, J
Zhao, HZ
Sang, SB
Zhang, H
Wang, Y
AF Li, Jingyang
Yu, Jun
Zhao, Huizhong
Sang, Shaobai
Zhang, Han
Wang, Yu
TI Phase stability and enhanced mechanical properties of ferro-titanium
slag to aluminum titanate ceramics
LA English
DT Article
DE Microstructure; Sintering; Structural; Ceramics
ID COMPOSITES
AB Ferro-titanium slag is a waste slag from ferro-titanium alloy smelting. It has
high strength and has been observed to act as a reinforcing phase in multiphase
materials, of which ferro-titanium slag powders were chosen to inhibit the thermal
decomposition of AT ceramic in 800-1300 degrees C temperature range and improve its
mechanical strength. It was shown that Si4 +, Fe3 + and Ti4 + ions in ferro-
titanium slag can partially replace Al3 + ion in AT to form an ATFS (the AT ceramic
doped with SiO2 and Fe2O3) solid solution, which inhibited the decomposition of AT.
In addition, the formation of CA6 phase contained from phase reconstruction of
ferro-titanium slag further reinforced the mechanical properties of the AT ceramic.
When 50 wt% ferro-titanium slag was added, the CA6 enhanced AT multiphase ceramic
improved phase stability and reaches mechanical properties (approximate to 14 MPa).
C1 [Li, Jingyang; Yu, Jun; Zhao, Huizhong; Sang, Shaobai; Zhang, Han; Wang, Yu]
Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractory & Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R
China.
RP Yu, J (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractory
& Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM yjwust@163.com
RI Wang, Yu/I-4284-2012; wang, jing/HJA-5384-2022
OI Wang, Yu/0000-0002-3639-3147;
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51804233]; Outstanding
Young Talents Project of Hubei Natural Science Foundation [2019CFA050];
Ministry of Science and Technology, National Key Research and devel-
opment program [2019YFC1904900]
FX Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China under Grant NO. 51804233; Outstanding Young Talents
Project of Hubei Natural Science Foundation under Grant NO. 2019CFA050
and Ministry of Science and Technology, National Key Research and devel-
opment program under Grant NO. 2019YFC1904900.
CR Bueno S., 2021, ENCY MAT TECHNICAL C, P76, DOI DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-818542-
1.00068-0
Chen C, 2020, J EUR CERAM SOC, V40, P1592, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.11.076
Li YC, 2020, CERAM INT, V46, P29282, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.08.102
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.03.012
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Wang XQ, 2018, CERAM INT, V44, P22686, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.09.049
Wang YR, 2021, J ALLOY COMPD, V853, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157193
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Zhao JL, 2021, CERAM INT, V47, P26643, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.06.072
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2022
VL 324
AR 132755
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2022.132755
EA JUL 2022
PG 3
GA 2Z6SJ
UT WOS:000826704800002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mwase, JM
Vafeias, M
Marinos, D
Dimitrios, P
Safarian, J
AF Mwase, James Malumbo
Vafeias, Michail
Marinos, Danai
Dimitrios, Panias
Safarian, Jafar
TI Investigating Aluminum Tri-Hydroxide Production from Sodium Aluminate
Solutions in the Pedersen Process
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE leaching; desilication; precipitation; alumina; Pedersen process
AB This study investigates applying the principles of the long-discontinued
Pedersen process as a possible route for producing metallurgical grade alumina from
low-grade and secondary feed materials. The investigation focused on the
hydrometallurgical steps in the process, namely leaching, desilication, and
precipitation, and adapting it to valorize bauxite residue. The test material used
was a calcium-aluminate slag made by the smelting-reduction of a mixture of bauxite
residue (dewatered red mud) and a calcium-rich bauxite beneficiation by-product.
Samples of the slag were leached in a 1 L jacketed glass reactor with Na2CO3
solution, varying Na2CO3 concentration and leaching time. Additionally, different
approaches to leaching involving mechanical treatment of the leached slag and re-
leaching using either fresh or recycled solution were also explored. The
desilication step was carried out by treating the leachate solution with powdered
CaO, varying the amounts of CaO used. Finally, the desilicated leach solution was
sparged with a CO2 gas mixture, after which the precipitate was allowed to age in
the solution. The carbonation and aging temperatures and times were varied. As much
as 67% of the Al was leached from the slag. The desilication process successfully
removed 88% of the Si. The precipitation process produced a product composed mostly
of bayerite [Al(OH)(3)], but some tests had considerable amounts of the unwanted
phase dawsonite [NaAlCO3(OH)(2)]. The results indicated that the highest Al
recovery was obtained using low concentrations of Na2CO3 solutions, and aluminum
tri hydroxide is formed from these solutions at low temperatures at a fast rate
compared to higher solution concentrations and temperatures.
C1 [Mwase, James Malumbo; Safarian, Jafar] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Vafeias, Michail; Marinos, Danai; Dimitrios, Panias] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch
Min & Met Engn, Athens 15780, Greece.
C3 Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); National Technical
University of Athens
RP Mwase, JM (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM james.mwase@ntnu.no; michalisvafeias@gmail.com;
danaimarinou27@gmail.com; panias@metal.ntua.gr; jafar.safarian@ntnu.no
OI Panias, Dimitrios/0000-0002-0432-6900; Safarian,
Jafar/0000-0003-3584-8581
FU European Union [767533]; H2020 Societal Challenges Programme [767533]
Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
FX This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020
research and innovation program under grant agreement 767533. We also
thank the partners in the ENSUREAL consortium for their continued
support.
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NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 8
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 10
IS 7
AR 1370
DI 10.3390/pr10071370
PG 21
SC Engineering
GA 3J1PW
UT WOS:000833175700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, ZQ
Ma, Y
Dang, XM
Feng, C
Duan, F
AF Guo, Zongqi
Ma, Ying
Dang, Xiaomei
Feng, Chao
Duan, Feng
TI Critical whisker bond of a profound chromium-free refractory for RH
degassers
SO SADHANA-ACADEMY PROCEEDINGS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Periclase-spinel-Al brick; Aluminum thermal evolution; Whisker bond; RH
degasser; Chromium-free campaign
ID SPINEL
AB Magnesia-chrome brick has been abandoned in the use of Ruhrstahl Heraeus (RH)
degasser in China for hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), a reaction product, is classified
as carcinogenic potential. Because continuous Al-leading reaction behind the hot
face results in the formation of a dense network of interwoven whisker in the
matrix as temperature gradient moves, an unburnt periclase-spinel-Al brick has been
affirmed as an alternative, with an advanced bonding system that can effectively
reduce the penetration of slag and Fe melt, generate superior flexibility and hot
strength to resist rapid-flow melt attack and thermal circulations, and present
minor positive value of permanent expansion to ensure the closed joints of
monolized lining when switching to lower temperature. A whisker bond is defined to
be critical for the pronounced performance and extensive application of the unburnt
periclase-spinel-Al bricks in RH degassers to substitute magnesia-chrome brick in
steel refining process.
C1 [Guo, Zongqi; Feng, Chao; Duan, Feng] Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Xian
[Ma, Ying] RHI Magnesita Dalian Co Ltd, Dalian 116600, Peoples R China.
[Dang, Xiaomei] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
C3 Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology; Tsinghua University
RP Guo, ZQ (corresponding author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Xian 710055,
Peoples R China.
EM guozongqi@xauat.edu.cn
OI Guo, Zongqi/0000-0002-5321-2133
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NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 13
U2 14
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0256-2499
EI 0973-7677
J9 SADHANA-ACAD P ENG S
JI Sadhana-Acad. Proc. Eng. Sci.
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 47
IS 2
AR 70
DI 10.1007/s12046-022-01836-z
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA 0H1GT
UT WOS:000778488000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xin, RF
Guo, XM
AF Xin, Rui-Feng
Guo, Xing-Min
TI Effect of SiO2 on Crystallization of Calcium Ferrites in
Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3</s
ub> System in Cooling Process
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-ORE SINTER; SOLID-SOLUTION LIMITS; SILICO-FERRITE; ALUMINUM SFCA;
PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; STEELMAKING SLAGS; BEHAVIOR; STABILITY; REDUCTION;
HEMATITE
AB SiO2 plays an important role in the formation of calcium ferrite as a main
binding phase in iron ore sinter. But the mechanism of SiO2 influence on the
crystallization of calcium ferrite has been still unclear. The crystallization
behavior of Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 melt in a non-equilibrium state was investigated
using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and
energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results show that SiO2 was an essential impact
on the amount formation and morphology of calcium ferrite crystallization during
the sintering process. With the increase of SiO2 content, the crystal morphology
changed in the order of blocky, columnar, acicular to grains. The crystallization
size increased first and then decreased. The crystallization sequence of samples
with 4.0 mass pct SiO2 was observed as (Fe2O3, C4F14, SFCA-I) -> CF -> SFCA ->
beta-C2S. Increase of the cooling rate promoted the formation of Fe2O3, C4F14, and
glass phase and the transformation of SFCA-I to SFCA. However, it also inhibited
the crystallization of CF and SFCA, simultaneously the transformation of beta-C2S
to gamma-C2S. The thermodynamic calculation shows that the crystallization
temperatures and the primary crystal phase varied with the increase of SiO2
content, which agreed with the experimental results. In addition, the increase of
SiO2 significantly reduced the liquid phase amount, simultaneously increased its
viscosity at high-temperature range, which was contributing to decrease of the
crystallization size.
C1 [Xin, Rui-Feng; Guo, Xing-Min] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
[Xin, Rui-Feng; Guo, Xing-Min] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Technology Beijing
RP Guo, XM (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Beijing 10083, Peoples R China.; Guo, XM (corresponding author), Univ Sci &
EM guoxm@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51774029, U1460201]
FX The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Nos. 51774029 and U1460201) for financial support of this
research. On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that
there is no conflict of interest.
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 3
BP 1904
EP 1919
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EA APR 2022
PG 16
Engineering
GA 1A5VH
UT WOS:000781194100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LX
Chen, M
Sun, XL
AF Zhang, Lingxi
Chen, Min
Sun, Xiaolei
TI Evolution of Viscosity and Structure Property during Aluminothermic
Reduction of Vanadium-Enriched Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE apparent activation energy; degree of polymerization; structures;
vanadium slag; viscosity
ID VISCOUS BEHAVIOR; APPARENT VISCOSITY; EXTRACTION PROCESS; RECOVERY;
MELTS; TEMPERATURE; GLASSES; TIO2; PHASE; DROSS
AB Aluminum dross is a promising reductant for extracting vanadium to enable the
direct production of ferrovanadium alloy in pre-reduced vanadium-rich slag (PVS).
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stages. The compositions and structural properties of the melts are analyzed using
X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The
results show that with an increase in the mass ratio of Al2O3 to
(FeO+Cr2O3+MnO+V2O3+Al2O3) in the slag transformed from a solid-liquid mixture to a
single liquid phase at 1873 K. When A/M increases from 0.29 to 0.53, Q(0) and Q(1)
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structural units are polymerized into complex structural units. Meanwhile, the
viscosity increases to 0.338 Pa s. Al2O3 acts as a network former and strengthens
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activation energy, structural complexity, and the average number of non-bridging
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C1 [Zhang, Lingxi; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Ores, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lingxi; Chen, Min; Sun, Xiaolei] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Ores, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Chen, M
(corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang
Foundation of China (Grant numbers 51774073, 51974080) which has made
this research possible.
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600
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TC 3
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U1 4
U2 18
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 93
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AR 2100738
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EA FEB 2022
PG 11
GA 1R9DP
UT WOS:000750321900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tsaousi, GM
Sakkas, KM
Panias, D
AF Tsaousi, Georgia-Maria
Sakkas, Konstantinos-Miltiadis
Panias, Dimitrios
TI Development of advanced materials from industrial waste, with high
thermal performance
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag; Geopolymerization; Lightweight; Fire resistance; Thermal
applications
ID SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS; SLAG; FOAMS; AL
AB The aim of this study is the production of advanced fire-resistant components
using the industrial residue of a Swedish mining and smelting company Boliden
(copper slag). The main objective of this experimental work is the assessment of
the appropriate conditions for the preparation of alkali activated geopolymer
pastes with further foaming production, by blowing agent addition. The alkaline
activating solution that was used was potassium hydroxide [KOH] at a constant
concentration (8 M) while aluminum powder [Al powder] was selected as the foaming
agent (0.15 wt % of the paste). The solid to liquid ratio was equal to 3.5 g/mL.
The elucidation of the valorization potential of copper slag's substitution with
cement (0-29 wt % to slag) was also tested. The physical properties of the
materials were examined after the appropriate curing process (24 h at 70 degrees
C), with density values ranging between 805 and 917 kg/m3. The mechanical
performance of selected materials was also investigated and the results revealed
that the partial substitution of cement on slag, enhanced the mechanical
performance of the materials. When slag was mixed with cement at the maximum ratio
(29 wt % to slag), the compressive and flexural strength of the produced specimens
reached 2 MPa and 0.78 MPa, respectively. Despite of the improvement on mechanical
properties due to the cement's addition in the mixture, the values are still quite
low. Thus, further investigation of the geopolymer synthesis took place,
substituting a part of cement with silica fume [Si fume] (7 wt % to cement).
Eventually, Si fume addition led to materials with similar like physical
properties, but with higher compressive and flexural strength values (4.7 and 0.95
MPa respectively) after long lasting hardening, due to the Si fume's property to
act as a micro filler in function of time. The final materials were also evaluated
as for their fire resistance, proving to withstand under the time - temperature
curves of ISO - 834. To assess the porosity and the size distribution of the voids,
image processing techniques were applied on digital images of the samples.
According to these results, the synthesized materials exhibited similar or even
better thermal properties than the current concrete porous materials.
C1 [Tsaousi, Georgia-Maria; Panias, Dimitrios] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens,
Greece.
[Sakkas, Konstantinos-Miltiadis] Enalos, Chalandri, Greece.
RP Tsaousi, GM (corresponding author), Natl Tech Univ Athens, Athens, Greece.
EM margitsaousi@metal.ntua.gr; sakkasdin@yahoo.gr; panias@metal.ntua.gr
FU EIT Raw Materials Programme IDEAL (2020-2022) [19040]; European
Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT); European Union's Horizon
2020 research and innovation programme
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the EIT
Raw Materials Programme IDEAL (2020-2022/No.19040) . This activity has
received funding from the European Institute of Innovation and
Technology (EIT) . This body of the European Union receives support from
the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
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PG 8
GA YD0ZK
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OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WJ
Zhang, LF
Luo, Y
Ren, Y
Sun, XH
AF Wang, Weijian
Zhang, Lifeng
Luo, Yan
Ren, Ying
Sun, Xiaohui
TI Transformation of inclusions in Al-killed steels with different calcium
contents during the heat treatment
LA English
DT Article
DE Inclusions transformation; heat treatment; calcium treatment
ID OF-THE-ART; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; TRANSIENT
EVOLUTION; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; KINETIC-MODEL; SOLIDIFICATION; SILICON;
SLAG; DESULFURIZATION
AB The transformation of inclusions in solid Al-killed steels with different total
calcium (T.Ca) contents during the heat treatment process at 1473 K was
investigated through laboratory experiments. Calcium aluminate inclusions
transformed to Al2O3-CaS during the heat treatment due to reactions between
dissolved aluminum and sulfur in the steel matrix and CaO in inclusions. With the
T.Ca content in steel reached to 0.003 wt-%, CaO inclusions can hardly transform to
CaS inclusions completely due to the insufficient sulfur content. After the heat
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than 5 wt-%, while it was roughly 30 wt-% with 0.003 wt-% T.Ca in molten steel. The
effect of T.Ca content on the transformation of inclusions was calculated using
FactSage. Moreover, a kinetic model was developed to predict the transformation of
inclusions with different T.Ca contents at heat treatment temperature.
C1 [Wang, Weijian; Luo, Yan; Ren, Ying; Sun, Xiaohui] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
[Sun, Xiaohui] Shanghai Meishan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
RP Ren, Y (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
Sch Mech Engn, State Key Lab Metastable Mat Sci & Technol, Qinhuangdao 066004,
RI wang, weijian/JMB-7288-2023
FU S&T Program of Hebei [20311004D]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
University, Hebei Innovation Center of the Development and Application
of High Quality Steel Materials, Hebei International Research Center of
Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials
FX The authors are grateful for the support from S&T Program of Hebei
[grant number 20311004D], the High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials.
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NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 43
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD MAY 28
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 5
BP 472
EP 483
DI 10.1080/03019233.2021.2005752
EA NOV 2021
PG 12
GA 3E8KP
UT WOS:000725960300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Deng, P
Li, L
Jia, YQ
Liu, DC
Jiang, WL
Kong, LX
AF Deng, Pan
Li, Liang
Jia, Yaoqiang
Liu, Dachun
Jiang, Wenlong
Kong, Lingxin
TI Chlorination Behavior of Low-Grade Titanium Slag in
AlCl3-NaCl Molten Salt
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID VANADIUM SLAG; HEAVY-METALS; FLY-ASH; IRON; ORE; EXTRACTION; MANGANESE;
RECOVERY; ILMENITE; CHLORIDE
AB Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is an effective chlorinating agent and catalyst for
the chlorination of low-grade titanium slag to produce titanium tetrachloride in
molten salts. In this paper, the chlorination behavior of low-grade titanium slag
by anhydrous AlCl3 in AlCl3-NaCl molten salt was investigated. Thermodynamic
analysis revealed that aluminum chloride can be an effective agent for low-grade
titanium slag, and that the addition of NaCl can form a compound molten salt
together with AlCl3 to prevent the evaporation of AlCl3.chlorination experiments
were conducted on low-grade titanium slag in AlCl3-NaCl molten salt to investigate
the effects of temperature and the amounts of aluminum chloride and sodium chloride
added. Under optimized experimental conditions, the selective separation of
titanium from the titanium slag was effectively achieved, and the extraction rate
of titanium reached 79.6%. Other impurity elements in the form of oxides or
chlorides remained in the residue. Finally, a reaction mechanism for the extraction
of titanium from low-grade titanium slag in AlCl3-NaCl molten salt has been
proposed.
C1 [Deng, Pan; Li, Liang; Jia, Yaoqiang; Liu, Dachun; Jiang, Wenlong; Kong,
Lingxin] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093,
Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Deng, Pan; Li, Liang; Jia, Yaoqiang; Liu, Dachun; Jiang, Wenlong; Kong,
Lingxin] State Key Lab Complex Nonferrous Met Resources Cl, Kunming 650093, Yunnan,
Peoples R China.
[Deng, Pan; Li, Liang; Jia, Yaoqiang; Liu, Dachun; Jiang, Wenlong; Kong,
Lingxin] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming 650093, Yunnan,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Liang] Pangang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, State Key Lab Vanadium & Titanium
Comprehens Util, Panzhihua 617000, Peoples R China.
Science & Technology
RP Liu, DC (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum
Met, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Liu, DC (corresponding author),
State Key Lab Complex Nonferrous Met Resources Cl, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples
R China.; Liu, DC (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met &
Energy Engn, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
EM 20172102018@stu.kust.edu.cn
RI jiang, wen/GYI-9662-2022
Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province [2019
YJ0687]
FX The authors are grateful for financial support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51874156; 21968013) and the
Science and Technology Planning Project of Sichuan Province (Grant No.
2019 YJ0687).
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NR 34
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JAN
PY 2022
VL 74
IS 1
BP 213
EP 221
DI 10.1007/s11837-021-05014-0
EA NOV 2021
PG 9
GA YD3KS
UT WOS:000721485200002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhan, WL
Liu, Y
Shao, TF
Han, X
Pang, QH
Zhang, JH
He, ZJ
AF Zhan, Wenlong
Liu, Yi
Shao, Tengfei
Han, Xiao
Pang, Qinghai
Zhang, Junhong
He, Zhijun
TI Evaluating the Effect of MgO/Al2O3 Ratio on
Thermal Behaviors and Structures of Blast Furnace Slag with Low Carbon
Consumption
SO CRYSTALS
LA English
DT Article
DE low alumina slag; viscosity; fluidity; blast furnace
ID VISCOSITY; BASICITY; TIO2; MGO; CO2
AB In order to clarify the effect of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on the fluidity of a low-
alumina blast furnace slag system, the influence law of slag fluidity with
different MgO/Al2O3 ratios was studied based on the composition of blast furnace
slag through a viscosity experiment and themodynamic software. By studying the
effect of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on the activation energy of viscous flow of slag
combined with FT-IR, the effect of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio on the thermal-stability of
low-aluminum slag was interpreted from the microstructure level. Results indicated
that the viscosity and the melting temperature of slag both showed a gradual
downward trend due to the increase of the MgO/Al2O3 ratio. Besides, the temperature
stability of the low aluminum slag became more stable due to the depolymerization
of the complex structure of slag. Considering the actual operating conditions of
blast furnace, the MgO/Al2O3 ratio of slag was suggested to be controlled to 0.60
and the basicity to be no higher than 1.20 under the conditions of this
investigation. Industrial test results showed that the coke rate could be saved as
3.49 kg/t when the MgO/Al2O3 ratio decreased from 0.70 to 0.58.
C1 [Zhan, Wenlong; Liu, Yi; Han, Xiao; Pang, Qinghai; Zhang, Junhong; He, Zhijun]
Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Met & Mat, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Shao, Tengfei] Norin Min Ltd, Beijing 100053, Peoples R China.
RP Han, X; He, ZJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Met &
Mat, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
EM zhanwenlong@ustl.edu.cn; 202085600275@ustl.edu.cn; shtf@norinmining.com;
hanxiao@ustl.edu.cn; pangqinghai@ustl.edu.cn; zhangjunhong@ustl.edu.cn;
hezhijun@ustl.edu.cn
OI ZHAN, Wenlong/0000-0002-8941-7202
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51974151, 52074150,
51874171]
FX FundingThis research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation
of China (NSFC), grant number 51974151, 52074150, 51874171.
CR Chang Z.Y., 2018, CHINA METALL, V28, P6
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NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 23
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2073-4352
J9 CRYSTALS
JI Crystals
PD NOV
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 11
AR 1386
DI 10.3390/cryst11111386
PG 13
GA XF9WC
UT WOS:000724413300001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wen, JH
Deng, XC
Wei, KX
Ma, WH
AF Wen, Jianhua
Deng, Xiaocong
Wei, Kuixian
Ma, Wenhui
TI Mechanism of Carbon Removal from Crude Metallurgical Grade Silicon
during Oxidation Refining
SO SILICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Mechanism; Oxidation refining; Carbon removal; Crude metallurgical grade
silicon; Acid leaching
ID HYDROMETALLURGICAL PURIFICATION; BORON REMOVAL; PHOSPHORUS; CALCIUM;
ACID; SI; ALUMINUM; IMPURITIES; SEPARATION; ALLOY
AB In view of the negative effects of impurity C on the photovoltaic performance
and organosilicon synthesis process, the mechanism of carbon removal from crude
metallurgical grade silicon (C-MG-Si) by oxidation refining is highly important.
Industrial experiments show that the content of Ca, Al and C in C-MG-Si can be
reduced from 12,616, 6957 and 5700 ppmw to 423, 1930 and 260 ppmw, respectively,
and the C removal efficiency reaches as high as 95.44%. Different from the
theoretical Ellingham diagram, the experimental results show that the separation of
C is not realized purely through its oxidation, but rather is related to the
transformation of the C occurrence characteristics. Therefore, the characteristic
forms of C in C-MG-Si melt were analyzed by microscopic characterization, acid
leaching and thermodynamic calculation. The results show that the C in C-MG-Si melt
mainly exists in the form of TiC, CaC2 and SiC. Based on these results, it was
concluded that the thermodynamic behavior of C determined the mechanism of C
separation by oxidation refining. When the temperature is above 2113 K, the
separation of C mainly depends on the generation of CO. By contrast, in the main
oxidation refining temperature range below 2113 K, C cannot be oxidized, but rather
is transformed into SiC, and is finally separated into the slag phase with the Si-
Al-Ca-O slag phase formed by the oxidation of Al and Ca.
C1 [Wen, Jianhua; Deng, Xiaocong; Wei, Kuixian; Ma, Wenhui] Kunming Univ Sci &
Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Kuixian; Ma, Wenhui] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab MOST Clean
Utilizat Complex Nonferrous Me, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
RP Wei, KX; Ma, WH (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn
Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.; Wei, KX; Ma, WH
(corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab MOST Clean Utilizat
Complex Nonferrous Me, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
EM kxwei2008@hotmail.com; mwhsilicon@126.com
RI ma, wenhui/GQZ-0052-2022
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1902219]; Yunnan Young
and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leader Reserve Talent Project
[2018HB009]; Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province
[2019ZE007]
FX We gratefully acknowledge that this study was supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1902219), as also acknowledge
the funding by the Yunnan Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical
Leader Reserve Talent Project (No. 2018HB009) and the Major Science and
Technology Projects in Yunnan Province (No. 2019ZE007).
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Z9 3
U1 2
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
SN 1876-990X
EI 1876-9918
J9 SILICON-NETH
JI Silicon
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 14
IS 12
BP 6587
EP 6597
DI 10.1007/s12633-021-01341-8
EA OCT 2021
PG 11
GA 4E3DM
UT WOS:000705699600004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, C
Sun, SC
Tu, GF
Xiao, FX
AF Liu, Chuan
Sun, Shuchen
Tu, Ganfeng
Xiao, Faxin
TI A novel method for extraction of platinum from spent automotive
catalyst: utilization of spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst as flux
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal collector; platinum recovery; solid waste; FCC; high temperature
ID GROUP METALS; PRECIOUS METALS; FCC CATALYST; RECOVERY; WASTE;
VISCOSITIES; CONVERTERS; ALUMINUM; GLASS; SLAG
AB A novel method of smelting of mixture of spent automotive catalyst (SAC) and
spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (SFCC) to recover platinum and prepare
glass slag was investigated. Compared to other metals collection processes for
single hazardous waste solid, this method reduced the amount of fluxing materials
addition and increased the processing types of hazardous solid waste
simultaneously. The optimum SFCC addition, iron collector addition, Na2B2O4 center
dot 10H(2)O addition, CaO/SiO2 mass ratio, temperature, and holding time for
platinum recovery were 20, 11, 16 wt%, 0.6, 1550-1600 degrees C, and 60 min,
respectively. In this proposed combined process, more than 98% of platinum is
efficiently recovered from SAC. Meanwhile, the concentration of platinum in glass
slag was less than 7 g/t. The leaching characteristics of heavy metals in slag
confirmed the obtained glass slag is a non-hazardous slag due to the low leaching
rate of heavy metal ions. This article proposed an effective and environmentally
friendly method for the recovery of platinum from SAC via a combined smelting
process.
C1 [Liu, Chuan; Sun, Shuchen; Tu, Ganfeng; Xiao, Faxin] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
RP Sun, SC (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
EM sunsc@smm.neu.edu.cn
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2019YFC1907500]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and
Development Program of China (No: 2019YFC1907500).
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NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 18
PI ABINGDON
SN 0959-3330
EI 1479-487X
J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL
JI Environ. Technol.
PD JAN 15
PY 2023
VL 44
IS 2
BP 139
EP 149
DI 10.1080/09593330.2021.1965662
EA AUG 2021
PG 11
GA 7Z7HQ
UT WOS:000685759200001
PM 34355658
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hujova, M
Monich, PR
Kankova, H
Lucas, H
Xakalashe, B
Friedrich, B
Kraxner, J
Galusek, D
Bernardo, E
AF Hujova, Miroslava
Rabelo Monich, Patricia
Kankova, Hana
Lucas, Hugo
Xakalashe, Buhle
Friedrich, Bernd
Kraxner, Jozef
Galusek, Dusan
Bernardo, Enrico
TI New glass-based binders from engineered mixtures of inorganic waste
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED GLASS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE alkali activation; alumino-silicate glasses; gelation; leaching; waste
stabilization
ID RED MUD; ALKALINE ACTIVATION; GEOPOLYMERS; CALCIUM; IRON;
CRYSTALLIZATION; METAKAOLIN; HYDRATION; CERAMICS; STRENGTH
AB Aluminum is one of the most important strategic resources, but the Bayer
process, typically applied for the purification of ores, leads to vast amounts of
alkaline slurry waste, known as red mud. Though interesting for potential
reprocessing, red mud is still predominantly stored in big slurry pools, due to
high levels of toxic metals. Toxic ions can be easily immobilized by vitrification,
but the high costs of this solution need to be balanced by the reuse of the
obtained glass. The present paper is dedicated to the transformation of waste-
derived glass into new binders for the construction industry, according to both
"conventional melting" and "smelting" approaches. In the first case, red mud was
included in a mixture of waste, designed to yield a reactive glass (CMG), that is,
forming stable gels after activation in an alkaline aqueous solution. In the second
approach, red mud was subjected to a thermal treatment in a reductive atmosphere,
implying the separation of molten iron alloy. The remaining glassy slag, according
to its chemical composition (CaO and Al2O3-rich) underwent gelation by simple
interaction with pure water, without any alkaline activator, thus configuring a new
"glass cement."
C1 [Hujova, Miroslava; Kankova, Hana; Kraxner, Jozef; Galusek, Dusan] Alexander
Dubcek Univ Trencin, FunGlass Ctr Funct & Surface Functionalized Glass, Trencin,
Slovakia.
[Rabelo Monich, Patricia; Bernardo, Enrico] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Padua,
Italy.
[Lucas, Hugo; Xakalashe, Buhle; Friedrich, Bernd] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME
Proc Met & Met Recycling, Aachen, Germany.
[Xakalashe, Buhle] MINTEK, Pyromet Div, Randburg, South Africa.
[Galusek, Dusan] TnUAD, Joint Glass Ctr IIC SAS, Trencin, Slovakia.
[Galusek, Dusan] FChFT STU, Trencin, Slovakia.
C3 Alexander Dubcek University Trencin; University of Padua; RWTH Aachen
University; Alexander Dubcek University Trencin
RP Hujova, M (corresponding author), Alexander Dubcek Univ Trencin, FunGlass Ctr
Funct & Surface Functionalized Glass, Trencin, Slovakia.
EM miroslava.hujova@tnuni.sk
RI Kaňková, Hana/AAH-2949-2022; Kaňková, Hana/AFM-0554-2022; Galusek,
Dusan/H-2323-2011
OI Kaňková, Hana/0000-0001-5494-9754; Kaňková, Hana/0000-0001-5494-9754;
Hujova, Miroslava/0000-0003-0876-7292; Bernardo,
Enrico/0000-0003-4934-4405; Kraxner, Jozef/0000-0002-2159-4819; Galusek,
Dusan/0000-0001-5995-8780
FU European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [739566];
Slovak Grant Agency of Ministry of Education, Science, Research and
Sport, VEGA [2/0091/20]; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and
innovation program, under the Marie Skodowska-Curie project "NEW-MINE"
(EU Training Network for Resource Recovery through Enhanced Landfill
Mining) [721185]; University of Padova (Dept. of Industrial Engineering)
[BIRD202134]
FX This paper is a part of the dissemination activities of project
"FunGlass" (Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass).
This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020
research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 739566. The
authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the
Slovak Grant Agency of Ministry of Education, Science, Research and
Sport, VEGA Nr 2/0091/20. Enrico Bernardo and Bernd Friedrich
acknowledge also the funding by the European Union's Horizon 2020
research and innovation program, under the Marie Skodowska-Curie project
"NEW-MINE" (EU Training Network for Resource Recovery through Enhanced
Landfill Mining), grant agreement no. 721185. Enrico Bernardo
acknowledges the additional funding from the University of Padova (Dept.
of Industrial Engineering), in the framework of the "SusPIRe"
(Sustainable porous ceramics from inorganic residues, BIRD202134).
Enrico Bernardo thanks Prof. Yiannis Pontikes (KU Leuven, Belgium) for
supplying coal combustion FA.
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NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA ONE MONTGOMERY ST, SUITE 1200, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94104 USA
SN 2041-1286
EI 2041-1294
J9 INT J APPL GLASS SCI
JI Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 12
IS 4
SI SI
BP 570
EP 580
DI 10.1111/ijag.16262
EA JUL 2021
PG 11
GA UL3ZN
UT WOS:000674234600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, B
Wang, YW
Gao, BL
AF Li, Bo
Wang, Yaowu
Gao, Bingliang
TI Extraction of Al from Coarse Al-Si Alloy by The Selective Liquation
Method
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE coarse Al-Si alloy; selective liquation process; Zn-Al alloy; extraction
process
ID ALUMINA EXTRACTION; FLY-ASH; THERMODYNAMICS; WASTE
AB A selective liquation process to extract Al from a coarse Al-Si alloy, produced
by carbothermal reduction, was investigated on the laboratory scale. The products
obtained by selective liquation-vacuum distillation were analyzed by X-ray
diffraction, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and scanning
electron microscopy. During the selective liquation process with the use of zinc as
the solvent, the pure aluminum in the coarse Al-Si alloy dissolved in the zinc melt
to form an alpha-solid solution with zinc, and most of the silicon and iron-rich
phases and Al-Si-Fe intermetallics precipitated and grew into massive grains that
entered into the slag and separated with the Zn-Al alloy melt. However, some fine
silicon particles remained in the Zn-Al alloy. Thus, Al-Si alloys conforming to
industrial application standards were obtained when the Zn-Al alloys were separated
by a distillation process.
C1 [Li, Bo; Wang, Yaowu; Gao, Bingliang] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11Wenhua Rd,
RP Wang, YW (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11Wenhua Rd,
EM libo1310254@163.com; wangyw@smm.neu.edu.cn; gaobl@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Li, Bo/0000-0002-0484-3625
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFC1901905]; Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities [N162502002]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51704150]
FX This research was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China
(2018YFC1901905), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (N162502002) and the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51704150).
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NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 21
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 13
AR 3680
DI 10.3390/ma14133680
PG 10
Physics
GA TG2AQ
UT WOS:000671212200001
PM 34279251
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nurgali, N
Sariev, O
Mukhambetkaliyev, A
Momenov, B
Kuandykova, A
Abdrashev, R
AF Nurgali, N.
Sariev, O.
Mukhambetkaliyev, A.
Momenov, B.
Kuandykova, A.
Abdrashev, R.
TI PHASE COMPOSITION OF TITANIUM-CONTAINING RAW MATERIALS DEPENDING ON ITS
TITANIUM OXIDE CONTENT
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE titanium slag; phase composition; TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-CaO system;
multicomponent oxide systems; thermodynamic-diagram analysis
AB The article deals with the phase equilibrium in titanium-containing slag from
metallurgical processing of ilmenite concentrates of Shokash deposit on the basis
of five-component system TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-CaO have been studied by thermodynamic
analysis ( TDA). The phase equilibria in two four-component systems CaO-MgO-Al2O3-
SiO2 and TiO2-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2, which are part of the five-component system TiO2-
Al2O3-SiO2-MgO-CaO were clarified and corrected. Thus, the data on the phase
compositions of congruently (stably) melting compounds of titanium slag and slag of
aluminum- and aluminosilicothermic ferrotitanium as well as slag melts from melting
of titanomagnetite ores, etc. have been obtained.
C1 [Nurgali, N.; Sariev, O.; Mukhambetkaliyev, A.; Momenov, B.; Kuandykova, A.;
Abdrashev, R.] Aktobe Reg Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
RP Sariev, O (corresponding author), Aktobe Reg Univ, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
EM rafhatsson@mail.ru
RI ABDRASHEV, RABBEL/ABC-4232-2022
OI Rabbel, Abdrashev/0000-0002-2651-5964; Sariev,
Otegen/0000-0003-0745-848X
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NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
EI 1334-2576
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 60
IS 3-4
BP 374
EP 376
PG 3
GA RQ3NA
UT WOS:000642327500054
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, HB
Jiao, KX
Wang, C
Zhang, JL
Zong, YB
Guo, ZY
Zhang, J
AF Ma, Hengbao
Jiao, Kexin
Wang, Cui
Zhang, Jianliang
Zong, Yanbing
Guo, Ziyu
Zhang, Jian
TI Investigation of Formation and Shedding Behavior of Slag Crust in a
Large Blast Furnace with Copper Stave: Flow Properties and
Crystallization Characteristics
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag crust; Blast furnace; Copper stave; Flow properties;
Crystallization characteristics
ID HEAT-TRANSFER ANALYSIS; VISCOSITY; MOLD; DESIGN
AB The damage of the copper stave will affect the sustainable production of the
blast furnace and is not conducive to improving the economic efficiency of the
blast furnace. The formation of a stable slag crust is crucial for the longevity of
the copper stave. In this study, the flow properties and crystallization
characteristics of the slag crust in a blast furnace with the copper stave running
for 10 years without damage in China were analyzed. The phase precipitation during
the cooling process was calculated by FactSage software. The phase composition and
micromorphology of the slag crust were studied in detail by XRD and SEM-EDS. The
results show that the slag phase in the slag crust is a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO slag
system with high alumina content (33.62 similar to 35.72%) and low magnesium oxide
content (2.68 similar to 3.84%). The melting characteristic temperature of the slag
crust in the belly and the bosh is between 1127-1303 degrees C and 1287-1500
degrees C, respectively, and the characteristic temperature of the cold side of the
slag crust is higher than that of the hot side, which was mainly resulted from the
tendency of gehlenite and magnesia-aluminum spinel in the slag phase to precipitate
during the cooling process. With the increase of the basicity of the slag phase,
the precipitation temperature and amount of gehlenite increase, resulting in the
characteristic temperature of the slag crust in the bosh significantly higher than
that in the belly. The increase of FeO content reduces the initial precipitation
temperature of crystals, and the increase of cooling strength is beneficial to the
slagging on the copper stave, which provides a theoretical basis for the stable
operation of the slag crust on copper stave blast furnace.
C1 [Ma, Hengbao; Jiao, Kexin; Zhang, Jianliang; Zong, Yanbing; Guo, Ziyu; Zhang,
Jian] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R
China.
[Wang, Cui; Zhang, Jianliang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met,
Technology Beijing
RP Jiao, KX (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
EM mhb0306@163.com; jiaokexin_ustb@126.com; cui_wang1988@163.com;
zhang.jianliang@hotmail.com; zongyb@ustb.edu.cn; 1295540771@qq.com;
bkzhangjian@163.com
RI Chen, S./H-3083-2011; liu, xq/JDW-2596-2023; Zhang, Yuzhu/HJP-7447-2023;
zhan, y/ISA-2807-2023; zhang, jian/HPD-1712-2023; jin, li/IWU-4648-2023
FU Important Projects in the Scientific Innovation of Shandong province
[2019JZZY010404]; Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program CAST
[2018QNRC001]
FX This work was financially supported by Important Projects in the
Scientific Innovation of Shandong province (2019JZZY010404) and Young
Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program CAST (2018QNRC001). We also
sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers for their careful work and
thoughtful suggestions.
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NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2199-3823
EI 2199-3831
J9 J SUSTAIN METALL
JI J. SUST. METALL.
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 7
IS 2
BP 506
EP 518
DI 10.1007/s40831-021-00355-1
EA APR 2021
PG 13
Engineering
Engineering
GA SQ1JM
UT WOS:000636954300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tripathi, G
Malfliet, A
Blanpain, B
Guo, MX
AF Tripathi, Gaurav
Malfliet, Annelies
Blanpain, Bart
Guo, Muxing
TI Kinetic Aspects of Aluminum Oxide Dissolution in Molten BOF Slag
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; 1500 DEGREES-C; AL2O3 DISSOLUTION; SILICATE MELTS;
MGO INCLUSIONS; CAO-AL2O3-SIO2; PARTICLES; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE;
DIFFUSION
AB The valorization of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag is important as the global
annual production of this slag amounts to about 200 million tonnes. Al2O3 can be
added to modify the composition and mineralogy of the slag. Al2O3 dissolution can
provide long term volumetric stability to the solidified slag and tailor its
microstructure/mineralogy for high-added value non-binder applications e.g.,
aggregates. To ensure the effectiveness of this modification, a fast dissolution of
the additives is required. In this study, the dissolution of alumina particles in
molten BOF slag between 1500 degrees C and 1600 degrees C was experimentally
investigated. The alumina particles dissolve indirectly in the BOF slag. A
continuous layer of CaAl4O7 (CA(2)) and CaAl2O4 (CA) solids are formed at the
alumina/slag interface. Its thickness remains between 3 and 7 mu m. The dissolution
process starts rapidly wherein the initial particle diameter is reduced from 1092
mu m to almost half within 60 seconds after particle addition. The dissolution rate
however then drops rapidly due to the formation of an alumina enriched zone around
the dissolving particle. The diffusion coefficient of Al2O3 in liquid slag varies
from 1.5 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s at 1600 degrees C to 9.8 x 10(-5) mm(2)/s at 1500 degrees
C. The activation energy of the Al2O3 dissolution process is determined to be 751
+/- 54 kJ mol(-1) under the present experimental conditions. Clustering of
dissolving particles is observed between 1550 degrees C and 1500 degrees C, which
has an adverse effect on the dissolution rate.
C1 [Tripathi, Gaurav; Malfliet, Annelies; Blanpain, Bart; Guo, Muxing] Katholieke
Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 Bus 2450, B-3001 Leuven,
Belgium.
C3 KU Leuven
RP Tripathi, G (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn,
Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 Bus 2450, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
EM gaurav.tripathi@kuleuven.be
OI Blanpain, Bart/0000-0002-5603-3456; Malfliet,
Annelies/0000-0003-2820-2408
FU IWT [1405114]; ArcelorMittal Gent
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from IWT Grant
No. 1405114 and thank ArcelorMittal Gent for their support which was
crucial for this work.
CR Amini SH, 2006, METALL MATER TRANS B, V37, P773, DOI 10.1007/s11663-006-0059-y
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5
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NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 3
BP 1614
EP 1625
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02128-3
EA MAR 2021
PG 12
Engineering
GA SA1OJ
UT WOS:000635043000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Q
Lu, R
Wang, F
He, Z
Li, GQ
AF Wang, Qiang
Lu, Ru
Wang, Fang
He, Zhu
Li, Guangqiang
TI Numerical Study of Evaporation Behavior of Molten Manganese Metal During
Electroslag Recycling Process
LA English
DT Article
ID ALUMINUM; COPPER; IRON; FLOW
AB Electroslag remelting (ESR) technology has been adopted to recycle the rejected
electrolytic manganese metal scrap. In this study, a transient 3D coupled numerical
model accounting for the electromagnetism, multiphase flow, heat transfer, and
solidification was elaborated and used to simulate the evaporation behavior of the
molten manganese metal (MM) during the ESR process. The volume of fluid approach
was employed to capture the interfaces between the gaseous manganese, molten slag,
and molten MM. The evaporation rate of the molten MM was defined by applying the
Lee model, while the enthalpy-porosity formulation described the solidification. An
industrial experiment via a commercial-scale ESR furnace was conducted for the
model validation. The research findings indicate that the molten MM's evaporation
occurs during the droplet falling and in the metal pool. Then, gaseous manganese
bubbles ascend to the molten slag-free surface, thus promoting the melt movement,
especially the slag-metal pool interface fluctuation. The evaporation rate of the
molten MM is promoted by the increased applied current and the reduced ambient
gauge pressure. The recycling ratio drops from 81.75 to 71.79 pct with the applied
current increase from 3000 to 4000 A and drops from 78.19 to 73.71 pct with the
ambient gauge pressure reduction from 0 to - 1000 Pa.
C1 [Wang, Qiang; Lu, Ru; He, Zhu; Li, Guangqiang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State
Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Qiang; Lu, Ru; He, Zhu; Li, Guangqiang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Minist
Educ, Key Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Fang] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110004, Peoples R China.
Technology; Northeastern University - China
RP Li, GQ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM liguangqiang@wust.edu.cn
RI Li, Guangqiang/HGE-8046-2022
OI Li, Guangqiang/0000-0002-4471-7439
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51804227]; Hubei Rising
Technology Co., Ltd., China
FX The authors appreciate the financial support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51804227). The industrial
experiment was also supported by the Hubei Rising Technology Co., Ltd.,
China.
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706X(15)30061-3
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 2
BP 665
EP 675
DI 10.1007/s11663-020-02036-y
EA JAN 2021
PG 11
Engineering
GA RI7MS
UT WOS:000605537500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shabanov, Y
Baisanov, S
Grigorovich, K
Baisanova, A
Toleukadyr, R
Saulebek, Z
AF Shabanov, Ye
Baisanov, S.
Grigorovich, K.
Baisanova, A.
Toleukadyr, R.
Saulebek, Zh
TI RECOVERY OF LOW-CARBON FERROCHROME WITH MULTI-COMPONENT
ALUMINUM-SILICON-CHROME (Al - Si - Cr) ALLOY
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE low-carbon ferrochrome; chemical composition; aluminum-silicon-chrome;
reductant; recovery
AB The paper describes pilot smelting of low-carbon ferrochrome (LCFC) with new
type of reductant - multi-component aluminum-silicon-chrome alloy (FASCh).
Provisional calculations confirmed by results of pilot smelting show that use of
FASCh alloy helps to stabilize LCFC slag and prevent its decomposition. Due to high
Al content in FASCh the phase area of slag shifts from dicalcium silicate (larnite-
Ca2SiO4) area into the helenite area (2 CaO center dot Al2O3 center dot SiO2).
C1 [Shabanov, Ye; Baisanov, S.; Toleukadyr, R.; Saulebek, Zh] Chem Met Inst,
Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Grigorovich, K.] A Baykov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow, Russia.
[Baisanova, A.] Karaganda State Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
C3 Chemical Metallurgical Institute of Zh.Abishev; Abylkas Saginov
Karaganda Technical University
RP Shabanov, Y (corresponding author), Chem Met Inst, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
EM ye.shabanov@gmail.com
RI Shabanov, Yerbol/N-6576-2017
OI Shabanov, Yerbol/0000-0001-6902-1211; , Ruslan/0000-0002-7191-8893;
Grigorovich, Konstantin/0000-0002-5669-4262; Saulebek,
Zhalgas/0000-0003-3852-7513
FU Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Republic of Kazakhstan [IRN: BR05236708, IRN AP05130225/SPh]
FX Research was made within the projects of Committee of Science of the
Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan for
2018-2020: IRN: BR05236708 (PTF) m IRN AP05130225/SPh.
CR Almagambetov M. S., 2008, IND KAZAKHSTAN, V46, P86
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Toptygin A.I., 1993, STEEL, V10, P41
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
EI 1334-2576
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD OCT
PY 2020
VL 59
IS 4
BP 514
EP 516
PG 3
GA OU5YF
UT WOS:000591603500018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rouaut, G
Gheribi, AE
Chartrand, P
AF Rouaut, Guillaume
Gheribi, Aimen E.
Chartrand, Patrice
TI Modelling the electronic conduction in metals-molten salts mixtures.
Application to cryolitic melts in Hall-Heroult cells
SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ALKALI-METALS; LIQUID METALS; MISCIBILITY;
SOLUBILITY; TRANSPORT; ALUMINUM
AB An accurate knowledge of the electrical properties of molten salts and slags is
important for the design, optimization and control of several electrochemical
processes. The electrical conductivity of molten salts and slags is in principle of
ionic nature, however when metals are dissolved in electrolyte electrons may also
contribute to the electrical conductivity. Only a few studies reporting an
electronic conductivity of simple molten salts can be found in the literature and
the microscopic aspect of the electron transport within ionically bonded systems
remains vague. The aim of this work is to fill-up this gap. To do so, a new
theoretical model, based on the Boltzmann transport equation, is developed to
represent the electronic conductivity of metals diluted in molten salt systems at
up to about 10 mol% of metal. It is shown that the proposed model has a good
predictive capability for most molten salts-metal systems for which experimental
data is available.
Then, based on this approach, the electronic conductivity of different cryolitic
melts of interest for the aluminum production industry are predicted. Particular
attention is drawn to the melts containing both lithium and potassium fluorides as
they are considered as potential additives for the next reduction cells generation.
A good agreement is obtained with the only available set of experimental data for
standard electrolytes reported by Haarberg et al. (1996), indicating on one hand
the predictive capability of the model for more complex systems (i.e. those with a
significant short range ordering) and on the other hand the reliability of our
predictions for all cryolitic melts as a function of the cryolitic ratio,
temperature and additive amount.
C1 [Rouaut, Guillaume; Gheribi, Aimen E.; Chartrand, Patrice] Polytech Montreal,
Ctr Res Computat Thermochem, Chem Engn Box 6079, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada.
C3 Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal
RP Gheribi, AE (corresponding author), Polytech Montreal, Ctr Res Computat
Thermochem, Chem Engn Box 6079, Montreal, PQ H3C 3A7, Canada.
EM aimen.gheribi@polymtl.ca
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC);
Alcoa; Hydro Aluminum; Constellium; Rio Tinto Aluminum; FRQNT
FX This research was supported by funds from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Alcoa, Hydro Aluminum,
Constellium, Rio Tinto Aluminum and the FRQNT. The author would like to
thank Eve Belisle and Larry Mickelson for her diligent proofreading and
constructive criticism of the manuscript. AnhThu Phan and Dr Christian
Robelin are recognized for their support in thermodynamic modelling.
CR [Anonymous], 2010, METALL MATER TRANS B, DOI DOI 10.1007/S11663-009-9329-9
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NR 44
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0022-1139
EI 1873-3328
J9 J FLUORINE CHEM
JI J. Fluor. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2020
VL 237
AR 109597
DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109597
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA NB7XX
UT WOS:000560728900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, B
Liu, CJ
Jiang, MF
AF Zhang, Bo
Liu, Chengjun
Jiang, Maofa
TI A new method of red mud recycling in the process of hot metal
pretreatment
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; recycling; hot metal pretreatment; desulfurization; slag-metal
interaction
ID OPTICAL BASICITY; DIRECT REDUCTION; IRON RECOVERY; SLAG;
DESULFURIZATION; RESIDUE; EXTRACTION; ADSORBENT; SULFUR; CARBON
AB To realize a large-scale consumption of red mud in the steelmaking industry, a
new recycling method was investigated through the pre-reduction roasting experiment
and the slag-metal interaction experiment simulating the hot metal pretreatment
process in the steelmaking industry. In virtue of the sensible heating of the hot
metal and the reducibility of [C] and [Si], the iron could be separated and
recovered from the pre-reduced red mud pellets into the hot metal directly with a
recovery rate exceeding 75%. With the composition adjustment of the residual oxides
in the pre-reduced red mud (PRRD) using CaO and Al2O3 or aluminium dross (AD), a
slag having a low melting point (below 1300 degrees C) and a high sulfide capacity
(lgC(S) = -2.3) was formed, and more than 94% of [S] in the hot metal could be
removed into this slag through the slag-metal interaction. The desulfurization
efficiency of the flux (PRRD-CaO-Al2O3; PRRD-CaO-AD) is approximate to the
traditional desulfurizing flux (CaO-CaF2). The advantages of this method are
summarized as the low energy cost and the slag valorization.
C1 [Zhang, Bo; Liu, Chengjun; Jiang, Maofa] Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab
Ecol Met Multimetall Ores, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Bo; Liu, Chengjun; Jiang, Maofa] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang
RP Zhang, B (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Ecol
Met Multimetall Ores, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Zhang, B (corresponding
author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM zhangbo@smm.neu.edu.cn
Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2019-MS-123];
FX Financial support to this project is provided by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51774087; Grant No.51304042),
Liaoning Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
No.2019-MS-123), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (Grant No.N180725008).
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NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 18
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD FEB 26
PY 2020
VL 117
IS 1
AR 115
DI 10.1051/metal/2020010
PG 7
GA KU2ZS
UT WOS:000519577400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, L
Gao, JT
Li, C
Guo, ZC
AF Guo, Lei
Gao, Jintao
Li, Chong
Guo, Zhancheng
TI Removal of Fine SiO2 Composite Inclusions from 304 Stainless
Steel Using Super-gravity
LA English
DT Article
DE super-gravity; higee; inclusion; 304; stainless steel
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS; PROCESS INTENSIFICATION; NONMETALLIC
INCLUSIONS; MOLTEN ALUMINUM; ALLOY SCRAP; STEEL MELTS; SEPARATION;
HIGEE; PHASE; SLAG
AB The super-gravity technique was used to remove the SiO2 composite inclusions
from 304 stainless steel. The effects of different super-gravity coefficients and
super-gravity treatment time on the removal effect of inclusions were studied. It
was found that the SiO2-based composite inclusions floated up to the top of the
sample after the super-gravity treatment, and the inclusions in the lower part of
the sample were largely removed. The volume fraction and number density of
inclusions presented a gradient distribution along the direction of the super-
gravity, which became steeper with increasing gravity coefficient and treatment
time. The total oxygen content at the bottom of the sample was reduced from 150 ppm
to 93 ppm within 15 min of super-gravity treatment under the gravity coefficient of
G = 80.
C1 [Guo, Lei; Gao, Jintao; Li, Chong; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
State Key Lab Adv Met, Xueyuan Rd 30, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Met, Xueyuan Rd 30, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RI Guo, Z. C./AAS-1733-2021
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51804030, 51604020]; China
Scholarship Council
FX This research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
51804030 and No. 51604020). The authors would also thank to the support
of China Scholarship Council.
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NR 45
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2020
VL 60
IS 2
BP 238
EP 246
PG 9
GA KN9ZV
UT WOS:000515206700007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Piao, RX
Yang, SL
Ma, L
Wang, T
AF Piao, Rongxun
Yang, Shaoli
Ma, Lan
Wang, Tao
TI Vacuum Electromagnetic Levitation Melting of Ti-Al Based Alloy Prepared
by Aluminothermic Reduction of Acid Soluble Ti Bearing Slag
SO METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Acid soluble Ti-slag (ASTS); TiAl based alloy; Aluminothermic reduction;
Electromagnetic levitation refining
ID ALUMINUM EVAPORATION; TITANIUM
AB A Ti-Al based alloy was prepared by aluminothermic reduction of acid soluble
titanium slag followed by electromagnetic levitation refining. It was observed from
the XRD and microstructure analysis that the alloy after refining was mainly
composed of TiAl2 phase, with Mn and Fe dissolving into Al lattice, Ti5Si3, TiAl,
and other metallic compounds. With increase of the vacuum degree or refining time,
the phase of the alloy changed from an Al-rich compound to a Ti-rich phase due to
Al loss by evaporation. The kinetics of Al evaporation demonstrated that the rate
determining step of Al evaporation was controlled by the mass transfer in the
liquid metal phase. The oxygen removal showed increasing tendency with increase of
vacuum degree and refining time. The removal rate of oxygen after refining at 1858
K, 400 Pa for 25 min was over 40% and the final percentage of oxygen in the alloy
was 0.59 wt%. Vickers hardness of the alloy showed increasing tendency with
increase of vacuum degree and refining time, while its bending strength showed
decreasing tendency. These results are mainly attributed to the comprehensive
effect of oxide inclusions removal and phase transition in the refining process.
C1 [Piao, Rongxun; Yang, Shaoli; Ma, Lan] Panzhihua Univ, Dept Vanadium, Titanium,
Panzhihua, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[Piao, Rongxun; Yang, Shaoli; Ma, Lan] Titanium Resources Key Lab Sichuan Prov,
Comprehens Utilizat Vanadium, Panzhihua, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Tao] Cent S Univ, State Key Lab Powder Met, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
C3 Panzhihua University; Central South University
RP Yang, SL (corresponding author), Panzhihua Univ, Dept Vanadium, Titanium,
Panzhihua, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM 13882319343@163.com
RI Piao, Rongxun/AGL-4571-2022; wang, tao/I-2638-2014
OI Piao, Rongxun/0000-0002-4646-7023; wang, tao/0000-0001-8081-006X
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NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 11
PI SEOUL
SOUTH KOREA
SN 1598-9623
EI 2005-4149
J9 MET MATER INT
JI Met. Mater.-Int.
PD JAN
PY 2020
VL 26
IS 1
BP 130
EP 142
DI 10.1007/s12540-019-00295-2
PG 13
Engineering
GA KJ2CC
UT WOS:000511864700013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, J
Zhang, ZD
Chu, MS
Zhao, W
Liu, ZG
AF Tang, Jue
Zhang, Zedong
Chu, Mansheng
Zhao, Wei
Liu, Zhenggen
TI Effect of Titanomagnetite Ironsand Coal Composite Hot Briquette on
Softening-melting Performance of Mixed Burden under Simulated Blast
Furnace Conditions
LA English
DT Article
DE ICHB; softening-melting behavior; permeability; Ti(C,N); blast furnace
ID TITANIA-FERROUS ORE; NEW-ZEALAND IRONSAND; BONDING PHASE; METALLIZED
PELLET; REACTION BEHAVIOR; SILICO-FERRITE; ALUMINUM SFCA; REDUCTION;
SEPARATION; CALCIUM
AB Titanomagnetite ironsand coal composite hot briquette (ICHB) was proposed as a
novel type of burden to enhance the incremental and high-efficiency utilization of
ironsand in blast furnace. ICHB was prepared firstly under laboratory conditions,
with a compressive strength higher than 3 000 N. Then the national charging ratio
of ICHB in the mixed burdens was explored to conduct softening-melting experiments
with the simulated BF conditions. Finally the softening-melting-dripping mechanism
of mixed burdens was discussed by thermodynamic calculations, SEM-EDS, and XRD
detections in this work. It was showed that the softening-melting-dripping behavior
and the permeability of mixed burdens could be improved obviously by an appropriate
ICHB charging. With the increasing of ICHB charging ratio, the location of cohesive
zone was shifted down gradually and its thickness was the narrowest at the ICHB
charging ratio of 10%, which was beneficial to BF smelting. Meanwhile, the dripping
ratio of mixed burden also achieved the maximum value of 66.71% when the ICHB
charging ratio was 10%. However, the excessive ICHB charging would promote the
precipitation of Ti(C,N) with a high melting point at the interface between metal
and slag, which resulted in the deterioration of dripping and further worsening the
gas permeability of mixed burdens. Comprehensively considering the softening-
melting-dripping behavior and the permeability of mixed burden, and the
precipitation of Ti(C,N), the recommended ICHB charging ratio was 10%.
C1 [Tang, Jue; Zhang, Zedong; Liu, Zhenggen] Northeastern Univ, Sch Ferrous Met,
[Chu, Mansheng] Northeastern Univ, State Key Lab Rolling & Automat, Shenyang
[Zhao, Wei] Soochow Univ, Shagang Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215137, Peoples R
China.
Soochow University - China
RP Tang, J (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Ferrous Met, Shenyang
EM juetang@126.com
Research Funds for the Central Universities [N2025023, N172503016,
N172502005, N172506011]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
[2018M640259]; Xingliao Talent Plan [XLYC1902118]
FX The authors are especially grateful to National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51904063), Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (No. N2025023, No. N172503016, No. N172502005, No.
N172506011) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2018M640259)
Xingliao Talent Plan (No. XLYC1902118).
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175
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 20
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2020
VL 60
IS 11
BP 2350
EP 2356
PG 7
GA OY1EP
UT WOS:000593996500007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Swinbourne, DR
Arnout, S
AF Swinbourne, D. R.
Arnout, S.
TI Thermodynamic model of metallothermic smelting of ferromolybdenum
SO MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
INSTITUTIONS OF MINING AND METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferromolybdenum; aluminothermic smelting; silicothermic smelting;
thermodynamics; modelling
ID MOLYBDENITE CONCENTRATE; FERROVANADIUM; MOO3
AB Ferromolybdenum, used in alloy steel production, is made by the batch reduction
of molybdenum oxide by silicon and aluminium at high temperatures. In this work,
the technology of the process has been reviewed and representative charge mixes
compared. A computational thermodynamics model was developed and used to
investigate the relationships between charge composition and ferroalloy grade and
quality, indicated by its silicon content. The model predicted satisfactorily the
composition of the ferromolybdenum and waste slag from a typical charge mixture.
The silicon content depended on the ratio of silicon to molybdenum oxide in the
charge and was not sensitive to the assumed smelting temperature or activity
coefficient of silicon in the alloy. Losses of molybdenum to slag as dissolved
oxide were predicted to be much lower than published industrial data, suggesting
that losses in practice are mostly due to the inclusion of unsettled
ferromolybdenum droplets.
C1 [Swinbourne, D. R.] RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, 124 Latrobe St, Melbourne, Vic 3000,
Australia.
[Arnout, S.] InsPyro NV, Heverlee, Belgium.
C3 Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT)
RP Swinbourne, DR (corresponding author), RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, 124 Latrobe St,
Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
EM drs@rmit.edu.au
RI Arnout, Sander/D-4636-2009
OI Arnout, Sander/0000-0002-6231-2320
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TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 9
PI ABINGDON
SN 2572-6641
EI 2572-665X
J9 MIN PROC EXT MET-UK
JI Miner. Proc. Extr. Metall.
PD JUL 3
PY 2019
VL 128
IS 3
BP 193
EP 204
DI 10.1080/03719553.2017.1421421
PG 12
GA JV4ES
UT WOS:000502318200005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Anisonyan, KG
Kopyev, DY
Olyunina, TV
Sadykhov, GB
AF Anisonyan, K. G.
Kopyev, D. Yu
Olyunina, T., V
Sadykhov, G. B.
TI Influence of Na2CO3 and CaCO3 additions
on the aluminate slag formation during a single-stage reducing roasting
of red mud
SO NON-FERROUS METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; alumina production; reducing roasting; cast iron; aluminate
slag
ID RECOVERY; SCANDIUM
AB Red mud is an alumina production waste. Due to the absence of effective
recycling technologies, red mud is practically not used and is stored in special
sludge deposits, representing a serious technogenic threat for the environment and
neighboring settlements. Tens of millions tons of red mud are sent to the dumps
every year. More than 100 million tons of red mud has been piled up in Russia. High
content of iron and aluminium in red mud requires a processing which provides an
effective separation of these components and obtaining iron-and aluminium-
containing products.
The present paper contains the results of the investigations focused on
developing a single-stage reducing roasting process with simultaneous production of
cast iron and aluminate slag, the main aluminium-containing component of which is a
water-soluble sodium aluminate. Forming of reguired slag composition is achieved by
adding Na2CO3 and CaCO3 to a furnace charge in definite proportions. It was studied
the influence of these additions on degree of aluminium extraction into solution
during the aluminate slag leaching in an alkalescent aqueous medium. It has been
determined that adding of 15% Na2CO3 and 20% CaCO3 provides the most complete
aluminium extraction into solution during leaching the product of the red mud
reducing roasting.
At the same time, an incomplete aluminium extraction is associated with
formation in the system of complex calcium aluminosilicates (helenite
predominantly). The carried out study has showed a principle possibility of
aluminate slag obtaining in the process of a red mud single-stage reducing roasting
and subsequent aluminium extraction into solution by water leaching in an
alkalescent aqueous medium.
C1 [Anisonyan, K. G.; Kopyev, D. Yu; Olyunina, T., V; Sadykhov, G. B.] Russian Acad
Sci, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow, Russia.
Science (IMET RAS)
RP Anisonyan, KG (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, AA Baikov Inst Met & Mat
Sci, Moscow, Russia.
EM grikar84@mail.ru
RI Sadykhov, Guseyngulu B./D-8607-2014
FU Russian Science Foundation [17-73-10414]; Russian Science Foundation
[17-73-10414] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
FX The study was performed by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation
(project No. 17-73-10414).
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Логинова И.В., 2016, [Сталь, Stal'], P67
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PI MOSCOW
SN 2072-0807
EI 2414-0155
J9 NON-FERROUS MET
JI Non-Ferrous Met.
PY 2019
IS 1
BP 17
EP 21
DI 10.17580/nfm.2019.01.03
PG 5
GA IN9VO
UT WOS:000479027200003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Jain, S
Bhuva, K
Patel, P
Badheka, VJ
AF Jain, Surya
Bhuva, Krishna
Patel, Palak
Badheka, Vishvesh J.
BE Deb, D
Balas, VE
Dey, R
TI A Review on Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloys to
Titanium Alloys
SO INNOVATIONS IN INFRASTRUCTURE
SE Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
LA English
CT 1st International Conference on Innovations in Infrastructure (ICIIF)
CY MAY 18-19, 2018
CL Ahmedabad, INDIA
DE Friction stir welding; Aluminum alloy; Titanium alloy; Dissimilar
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES
AB The joining of titanium alloy with aluminum alloy is the current area of
interest owing to the increasing demand to reduce weight and simultaneously achieve
high strength for the aviation, automotive, and ground transportation industries in
order to reduce fuel consumption. However, the dissimilar metal joining of Al-Ti
poses several challenges due to the difference in metallurgical and mechanical
properties. It is difficult to achieve commercially acceptable sound joints with
appropriate strength using fusion welding technique due to the problem of
segregation, porosity, cracks, slag inclusion, aluminum-rich TixAly intermetallic
phases, and inferior mechanical properties of the weld. To overcome all these
defects of fusion welding, solid-state welding is employed, which is the
coalescence of metals under the application of pressure and at a temperature lower
than the melting point of the parent metals. This leads to lower heat input and the
formation of less intermetallic compounds. This technique is opening doors for new
research possibilities for joining dissimilar metals like titanium and aluminum.
This paper focuses on presenting the progress in the field of joining Al-Ti using
friction stir welding along with a detailed analysis regarding the effect of
different parameters on the quality of the weld.
C1 [Jain, Surya; Bhuva, Krishna; Patel, Palak; Badheka, Vishvesh J.] Pandit
Deendayal Petr Univ, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India.
C3 Pandit Deendayal Energy University
RP Patel, P (corresponding author), Pandit Deendayal Petr Univ, Gandhinagar 382007,
Gujarat, India.
EM palak98patel@gmail.com
RI Badheka, Vishvesh/AAE-1742-2019
FU Student Research Program of Office of Research & Sponsored Program,
Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India
[ORSP/RD/SRP/2017/PPVB]
FX This work is supported by the Student Research Program of Office of
Research & Sponsored Program, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University,
Gandhinagar, India. No. ORSP/R&D/SRP/2017/PPVB.
CR [Anonymous], INT J ENG RES TECHNO
Aonuma M, 2011, MATER TRANS, V52, P948, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.L-MZ201102
Bang KS, 2011, MATER TRANS, V52, P974, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.L-MZ201114
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10.2174/1874088X01105010256
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Chen YH, 2012, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V22, P299, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61174-6
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SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 1
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10.1016/j.msea.2009.07.006
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NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 21
PI CHAM
SN 2194-5357
EI 2194-5365
BN 978-981-13-1966-2; 978-981-13-1965-5
J9 ADV INTELL SYST
PY 2019
VL 757
BP 415
EP 425
DI 10.1007/978-981-13-1966-2_37
PG 11
WC Automation & Control Systems; Construction & Building Technology;
Operations Research & Management Science
SC Automation & Control Systems; Construction & Building Technology;
Operations Research & Management Science
GA BN4IE
UT WOS:000481899000037
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kawabata, M
Tsukaguchi, Y
Kang, J
Hayashi, K
Tomiyama, A
AF Kawabata, Masatoshi
Tsukaguchi, Yuichi
Kang, Jyungyu
Hayashi, Kosuke
Tomiyama, Akio
TI Experiments on Removal of Hydrophilic Fine Particles in Bubbly Flow
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrophilic inclusion; bubble; bubble wake; removal rate coefficient
ID INCLUSION REMOVAL; MOLTEN STEEL; WAKE FLOW; FLOTATION; LIQUID; WATER;
MODEL; SIZE; DYNAMICS; GROWTH
AB It is commonly believed that the solid oxides, like aluminum inclusions, were
easily removed by bubbles because of their poor wettability with molten steel.
However the liquid oxides like ladle slags were hard to remove because of their
good wettability. The purpose of this study was to reveal the removal rate
coefficient of the hydrophilic particles, which simulated liquid oxides in molten
steel, in bubbly flows. The water model experiments were carried out. The air was
injected into water-particles mixtures in a rectangular tank and the amount of
particles included in the mixture overflowed from the tank was measured. The
experiments confirmed that bubbles have abilities to bring hydrophilic particles
upward even though the particles do not adhere to the bubble interfaces. The
hydrophilic particles are entrained into the bubble wake at a certain probability
and dragged upward while riding on the liquid flow in the wake. The removal rate
coefficient per a bubble increases with the bubble diameter whereas the increase in
the number of bubbles deteriorates the efficiency due to the reduction of the wake
volume which is effective for particle transportation.
C1 [Kawabata, Masatoshi; Kang, Jyungyu; Hayashi, Kosuke; Tomiyama, Akio] Kobe Univ,
Grad Sch Engn, Nada Ku, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
[Kawabata, Masatoshi; Tsukaguchi, Yuichi] Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Met Corp, Res
& Dev Labs, 16-1 Sunayama, Kamisu, Ibaraki 3140255, Japan.
C3 Kobe University; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
RP Tomiyama, A (corresponding author), Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Nada Ku, 1-1
Rokkodai, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
EM tomiyama@mech.kobe-u.ac.jp
RI Hayashi, Kosuke/L-9502-2016
OI Hayashi, Kosuke/0000-0002-1595-3475; Tomiyama, Akio/0000-0002-8825-9863
CR [Anonymous], MULTIPHASE SCI TECH
Arai H., 2010, THESIS
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NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 14
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 2
BP 209
EP 215
PG 7
GA HM9ZV
UT WOS:000459844400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XM
Li, JY
Yan, FJ
Duan, DP
Zhang, J
AF Yang, Xue-min
Li, Jin-yan
Yan, Fang-jia
Duan, Dong-ping
Zhang, Jian
TI Critical Assessment of Activities of Structural Units in Fe-Al Binary
Melts Based on the Atom and Molecule Coexistence Theory
LA English
DT Article
DE Assessment; Activity of aluminum; Activity of iron; Fe-Al binary melts;
Mass action concentration; Reaction ability; Atom and molecule
coexistence theory (AMCT); Structural units
ID IRON-ALUMINUM ALLOYS; QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; CAO-SIO2-MGO-AL2O3
IRONMAKING SLAGS; REPRESENTATION REACTION ABILITIES; CAO-BASED SLAGS;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; LIQUID ALLOYS; METALLIC SOLUTIONS;
ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; PHOSPHORUS PARTITION
AB A thermodynamic model for calculating the mass action concentrations Ni of
structural units in Fe-Al binary melts based on the atom-molecule coexistence
theory, i. e., AMCT-N-i model, has been developed and verified to be valid by
comparing with reported activities a(R,i) of both Al and Fe relative to pure liquid
as standard state in Fe-Al binary melts over a temperature range from 1823 to 1973
K (1550 to 1700 degrees C). Furthermore, Raoultian activity coefficients gamma(0)
(i) of both Al and Fe in the Fe-rich corner or Al-rich corner of Fe-Al binary melts
as well as the standard molar Gibbs-free energy changes Delta(sol)G(m,i(l)->[i]
[%i]=1.0) (Theta,%)of dissolved Al or Fe for forming [% Al] or [% Fe] as 1.0 in Fe-
Al binary melts have also been determined by the developed AMCT-Ni model and
verified to be accurate.
The reported activities a(R,i) of both Al and Fe from the literature can be well
reproduced by calculated mass action concentrations Ni of free Al and free Fe in
Fe-Al binary melts. A small effect of changing temperature from 1823 to 1973 K
(1550 to 1700 degrees C) on reaction abilities of both Al and Fe from the available
literature is also confirmed by calculated mass action concentrations Ni of free Al
and free Fe in Fe-Al binary melts. The obtained activity coefficients gamma(i) of
both Al and Fe in Fe-Al binary melts can be described by a quadratic polynomial
function and a cubic polynomial function, respectively. Furthermore, accurate
expressions of Raoultian activity coefficients gamma(0)(i) of both Al and Fe in Fe-
rich corner or Al-rich corner of Fe-Al binary melts are also obtained as ln
gamma(0)(Al)=-9,646.5/T+2.196 and ln gamma(0)(Fe)=-6,799.1/T-0.01367, respectively.
In addition, expressions of the first-order activity interaction coefficients
epsilon(i)(i) or e(i)(i) or h(i)(i) of both Al and Fe coupled with three activity
coefficients gamma(i) or f(%,i) or f(H,i) relative to three standard states are
also obtained from the developed AMCT-N-i model for Fe-Al binary melts.
C1 [Yang, Xue-min; Yan, Fang-jia; Duan, Dong-ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc
Engn, CAS Key Lab Green Proc & Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Li, Jin-yan] China Met Ind Planning & Res Inst, Dept Met & Raw Mat, Beijing
[Zhang, Jian] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
C3 Institute of Process Engineering, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
University of Science & Technology Beijing
RP Yang, XM (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, CAS Key Lab
Green Proc & Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM yangxm71@ipe.ac.cn; lijinyan@mpi1972.com; yanfangjia15@mails.ucas.ac.cn;
douglass@ipe.ac.cn; zhangjian_27@126.com
RI Liu, Shuyi/ISB-7338-2023; li, jinsong/HJH-9559-2023; Li,
Jin/GYQ-5363-2022
FU Beijing Natural Science Foundation [2182069]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51174186]
FX This work is supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant
No. 2182069) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
No. 51174186).
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[No title captured]
NR 79
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD NOV
PY 2018
VL 37
IS 9-10
BP 815
EP 848
DI 10.1515/htmp-2017-0018
PG 34
GA GY2UG
UT WOS:000448398500004
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, L
Xiao, YG
Li, Y
Yang, SH
Deng, W
AF Sun Liang
Xiao Yougang
Li Yun
Yang Shenghai
Deng Wei
TI Interaction between magnesia-spinel refractory grains and cement clinker
at high temperature
SO JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnesia-alumina refractory bricks; Cement clinker; Chemical reaction;
Indirect corrosion
ID CHEMICAL CORROSION; MICROSTRUCTURE; MATRIX; CASTABLES; EVOLUTION;
BEHAVIOR; BRICKS; KILN; SLAG
AB Interaction between cement clinker and refractory grains plays a key role in
determining lifetime of refractory bricks. In the current study, magnesia-spinel
refractory grains were corroded in cement slag at various temperatures. During the
corrosion test, the cement clinkermelted at above 1300 degrees C, and molten slag
interacted strongly with the refractory particles. Appearance of calcium aluminates
around the spinel indicates the spinel have chemically reacted with molten slag.
However, there is no variation of the compositions of slag around the periclase,
which suggests no reaction has occurred between the periclase and cement slag. In
addition, the reaction products are concentrated in local regions around reacting
particles, and the aluminum content in bulk slag does not increase as the
concentration of refractory particles increases. Therefore, diffusion of reaction
products is much slower than the chemical reaction, and diffusion rate determines
overall rate of corrosion.
C1 [Sun Liang; Xiao Yougang; Deng Wei] Cent S Univ, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn,
[Li Yun; Yang Shenghai] Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm Engn, Changsha 410083,
RP Xiao, YG (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn,
EM csuxyg@163.com
FX Thanks for Huaxin Cement (Zhuzhou) Co. Ltd. on providing the necessary
testing materials, including the cement clinker and refractory brick.
This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No.: 51275531).
CR Abo-El-Enein SA, 2010, CERAM INT, V36, P1711, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2010.02.015
Adabifiroozjaei E, 2015, J AUST CERAM SOC, V51, P139
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7402.2005.02027.x
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.12.010
Petkov V, 2007, J EUR CERAM SOC, V27, P2433, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.08.020
Ridaud M., 2000, UHLIGS CORROSION HDB, P395
Rodriguez E, 2011, IND CERAM, V31, P37
Rodríguez-Galicia JL, 2007, J EUR CERAM SOC, V27, P79, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.01.014
Sako EY, 2012, CERAM INT, V38, P2177, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.10.061
Serena S, 2004, J EUR CERAM SOC, V24, P2399, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2003.07.007
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Thummen F, 2006, J EUR CERAM SOC, V26, P3357, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.11.003
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 32
PU AUSTRALIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
PI PERTH
PA C/O CURTIN UNIV TECHNOLOGY, GPO BOX U1987, PERTH, 6845 W A, AUSTRALIA
SN 2510-1560
EI 2510-1579
J9 J AUST CERAM SOC
JI J. Aust. Ceram. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 53
IS 2
BP 319
EP 327
DI 10.1007/s41779-017-0041-y
PG 9
GA FG8YC
UT WOS:000410723100009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Spanov, SS
Zhunusov, AK
Tolymbekova, LB
AF Spanov, S. S.
Zhunusov, A. K.
Tolymbekova, L. B.
TI Pilot Plant Melting of Steel Using Ferro-Silico-Aluminum at KSP Steel
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE deoxidizing agent; carbonaceous rocks; ferro-silico-aluminum; test
melts; liquid mobility; toughness; slag
AB Results are provided for pilot plant testing of steel melting using ferro-
silico-aluminum (FSA) at KSP Steel (Kazakhstan). These tests show that the use of
FSA during steel extra-furnace treatment has a number of technological advantages,
one of which is material multifunctionality. An economic effect is achieved as a
result of a reduction and exclusion of some expensive materials from standard
material consumption, such as feldspar, and silicon carbide. FSA has good
deoxidation capacity, and having aluminum metal within its composition makes it
possible to reduce a considerable amount of alloying element oxides. Using FSA in
test melts there is a reduction in Fe-tot content by 0.37%, MnO by 1.01%, and SiO2
by 1.24%, which provides a reduction in slag oxidizing capacity, and also leads to
an increase in its basicity, as a result of which there is a reduction in slag belt
lining wear and an increase in ladle life.
C1 [Spanov, S. S.] KSP Steel, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan.
[Zhunusov, A. K.; Tolymbekova, L. B.] Pavlodar State Univ, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan.
C3 Toraighyrov University
RP Spanov, SS (corresponding author), KSP Steel, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan.
EM sayatspanov@mail.ru; zhunusov_ab@mail.ru
RI Tolymbekova, Lyazat/AAV-3897-2021; Zhunusov, Ablay/ABF-4105-2020
OI Tolymbekova, Lyazat/0000-0002-3785-7943; Zhunussov,
Ablay/0000-0001-9119-9737
CR Akhmetov A. B., 2015, VESTN KAZNTU ALMATY, P146
Baisanov S., 2002, FIZ KHIM TEKHNOL VOP, V1, P41
Baisanov S.O., 1997, NOV NAUKI KAZAKHSTAN, P109
Belkovskii A. G., 2014, METALLURG, P12
Gasik M. I., 1999, THEORY TECHNOLOGY FE
Tolymbekov M. Zh., 2015, CONT PROBL STEEL E 1, P15
Vorob'ev N. I., 2002, METALLURG, P41
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 60
IS 11-12
BP 1149
EP 1154
DI 10.1007/s11015-017-0420-1
PG 6
GA ET7DD
UT WOS:000400453000005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jia, YN
Zhu, LG
Zhang, CJ
Pei, P
AF Jia, Y. N.
Zhu, L. G.
Zhang, C. J.
Pei, P.
TI Mass transfer behaviour of Mg in low carbon aluminium killed steel
during LF refining
LA English
DT Article
DE Ladle refining; Slag/steel reaction; Coupled reaction; Kinetics; Mass
transfer
ID KINETIC-MODEL; INCLUSIONS; METAL; SLAG; DEPHOSPHORIZATION; DISSOLUTION;
PREDICT
AB Inclusions containing Mg existed in low carbon aluminium killed steel even
though Mg is not added during LF treatment. To investigate the mass transfer
mechanism of Mg in low carbon aluminium killed steel, both industrial practice and
kinetic calculations were carried out in the present work. The results from
industrial practice showed that Mg concentration in molten steel and inclusions
increased with refining time during ladle furnace treatment. The inclusion size
tended to become smaller with the increase of Mg concentration in the inclusions.
The erosion rate of refractory with different composition was tallied. A
refractory-slag-metal-inclusion multiphase reaction model was developed to
investigate mass transfer mechanism underlying the variation of Mg among the steel,
the slag, inclusions and the refractory. The calculated results exhibited a good
predictability of the content of Mg in the molten steel, slag and inclusions. The
results showed that Mg dissolved into molten steel in two ways: the first is in the
way of slag/steel reaction, the second is in the way of refractory erosion which is
the main way.
C1 [Jia, Y. N.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Zhu, L. G.; Zhang, C. J.] North China Univ Sci & Technol, High Qul Steel
Continuous Casting Lab, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, Peoples R China.
[Pei, P.] Shougang Jingtang United Iron & Steel Co, Tangshan 063000, Peoples R
China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; North China University of
RP Zhu, LG (corresponding author), North China Univ Sci & Technol, High Qul Steel
Continuous Casting Lab, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, Peoples R China.
EM zhulg@ncst.edu.cn
CR Chen J. X., 1984, HDB COMMONLY USED DI
Huang X.G., 2002, PRINCIPLES IRON STEE
Kasimagwa I, 2014, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V41, P121, DOI
10.1179/1743281213Y.0000000110
Zhang X, 2013, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V40, P282, DOI 10.1179/1743281212Y.0000000036
Zhao D.-W., 2013, ISIJ INT, V53, P2115
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 15
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 10
BP 796
EP 802
DI 10.1080/03019233.2016.1240848
PG 7
GA FT0TR
UT WOS:000422841300011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LC
Bao, YP
Wang, M
Zhang, CJ
AF Zhang, Le-chen
Bao, Yan-ping
Wang, Min
Zhang, Chao-jie
TI Variation and optimization of acid-dissolved aluminum content in
stainless steel
LA English
DT Article
DE martensitic stainless steel; aluminum content; thermodynamic
equilibrium; refining; optimization
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; REFINING PROCESS; LIQUID-IRON; INCLUSIONS; AL;
MECHANISM; THERMODYNAMICS; NI; SI
AB As a key step in secondary refining, the deoxidation process in clean stainless
steel production is widely researched by many scholars. In this study, vacuum
oxygen decarburization (VOD) deoxidation refining in a 40-t electric arc furnace +
VOD + ingot casting process was analyzed and optimized on the basis of Al
deoxidation of stainless steel and thermodynamic equilibrium reactions between the
slag and steel. Under good stirring conditions in VOD, the deoxidation reaction
reaches equilibrium rapidly, and the oxygen activity in the bulk steel is
controlled by the slag composition and Al content. A basicity of 3-5 and an Al
content greater than 0.015wt% in the melt resulted in an oxygen content less than
0.0006wt%. In addition, the dissolved oxygen content decreased slightly when the Al
content in the steel was greater than 0.02wt%. Because of the equilibrium of the
Si-O reaction between the slag and steel, the activity of SiO2 will increase while
the Si content increases; thus, the Si content should be lowered to enable the
formation of a high-basicity slag. A high-basicity, low-Al2O3 slag and an increased
Si content will reduce the Al consumption caused by SiO2 reduction.
C1 [Zhang, Le-chen; Bao, Yan-ping; Wang, Min; Zhang, Chao-jie] Univ Sci & Technol
[Zhang, Le-chen; Bao, Yan-ping; Wang, Min; Zhang, Chao-jie] Univ Sci & Technol
Technology Beijing
Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Bao, YP (corresponding author), Univ Sci &
EM baoyp@ustb.edu.cn
RI zhang, chao/HTO-2468-2023; Zhang, Chaoyang/JPK-5044-2023; zhang,
chao/IXD-9965-2023
FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015T80039, 2014M560890]
FX This work was financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (Nos. 2015T80039 and 2014M560890). The authors thank the
engineers at the Technology Center and the No. 2 Steelmaking Plant of
Changcheng Special Steel for their assistance with industrial trials.
Guo D, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P1447, DOI 10.1007/s11663-000-0029-8
Mesa DH, 2003, WEAR, V255, P139, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(03)00096-6
Sun YH, 2014, INT J MIN MET MATER, V21, P1068, DOI 10.1007/s12613-014-1011-9
Wang G.P., 2009, 7 CSM STEEL C BEIJ, P1262
Wang XH, 2012, SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC, V55, P1863, DOI 10.1007/s11431-012-4874-x
[杨志勇 YANG Zhiyong], 2008, [材料热处理学报, Transactions of Materials and Heat
Treatment], V29, P1
Zhang J, 2014, INT J MIN MET MATER, V21, P647, DOI 10.1007/s12613-014-0953-2
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1674-4799
EI 1869-103X
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 4
BP 408
EP 416
DI 10.1007/s12613-016-1250-z
PG 9
Mineral Processing
GA DJ3JD
UT WOS:000374100100005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Mitchell, A
AF Mitchell, Alec
BE Kharicha, A
Ward, RM
TI Electrochemical Aspects of the ESR Process
SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON LIQUID METAL PROCESSING & CASTING 2015
(LMPC2015)
LA English
CT International Symposium on Liquid Metal Processing and Casting (LMPC)
CY SEP 20-24, 2015
CL Leoben, AUSTRIA
ID ELECTROSLAG; INCLUSIONS
AB Current passage in the ESR process is accomplished by at least two Faradaic
reaction systems, one at the electrode/slag interface and another at the slag/ingot
interface. The nature of these reactions has been investigated and is reported to
be a function of the alloy composition, current density and slag composition. In
this report, data generated from both DC and line-frequency AC ESR operations is
used to relate laboratory investigations on these reactions to results obtained in
industrial practice. The operating reaction in the line frequency AC melting of
simple alloy steels is found to be principally the reversible anodic oxidation of
iron (Fe/Fe2+). In the equivalent DC process there is in addition the cathodic
deposition of aluminium, resulting in the formation of substantial amounts of D-
type alumina inclusions in the ingot. The Faradaic reactions involve energy
exchange which should be taken into account in the process energy balance. They
also are likely to change the interface physical characteristics such as
interfacial tension. The data is extended to the case of low frequency ESR furnaces
in which it is found that the extent of the reactions is strongly dependent on
current density. It is concluded that the presence of Faradaic reactions in low
frequency furnaces is unlikely to lead to quality problems in the alloys and
applications for which these processes are used. This conclusion appears to be
supported by industrial practice and leads to a further conclusion that low
frequency practices in large ESR furnaces could potentially be replaced by simpler
DC systems.
C1 [Mitchell, Alec] Univ British Columbia, Dept Mat Engn, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
C3 University of British Columbia
RP Mitchell, A (corresponding author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Mat Engn,
Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EM alec.mitchell@ubc.ca
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Wurzinger P., 2013, P INT S LIQ MET PROC, P29
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2016
VL 143
AR 012001
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/143/1/012001
PG 9
Engineering
GA BG8UR
UT WOS:000392726200001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Drofelnik, N
Lamut, J
Marolt, M
Knap, M
AF Drofelnik, N.
Lamut, J.
Marolt, M.
Knap, M.
TI INTERACTION BETWEEN STEEL MELT AND REFRACTORY MATERIALS IN TUNDISH
LA English
DT Article
DE continuous casting; tundish slag; clogging
AB In Store Steel steelworks steel is casted on a three strand continuous casting
machine. Lining of tundish is mainly made from a magnesia based material. Tundish
cover powder is based on alumina and silica. It also contains aluminum and carbon.
During casting, the composition of cover slag is constantly changing. When steel
in casted in sequences the change in cover slag composition depends on the amount
of CaO rich ladle slag. The composition of tundish cover slag at the end of the
casting sequence lies in the area of gehlenite (2CaO center dot Al2O3 center dot
SiO2) in ternary phase diagram CaO center dot Al2O3 center dot SiO2.
The result of the reaction between melted steel, refractory material and tundish
cover slag are enstatite (MgO center dot SiO2) and monticellite (CaO center dot MgO
center dot SiO2). Merwinite (3CaO center dot MgO center dot SiO2) is formed in the
end of the casting sequence because of high basicity of the gehlenite based tundish
cover slag.
Clogging on the inner side of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) are made of calcium
aluminates (CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3)) and spinel (MgO,MnO)center dot Al2O3. Only
when steel is casted in sequence composition changes in tundish cover slag and
clogging occurs.
C1 [Drofelnik, N.; Marolt, M.] Store Steel, Store 3220, Slovenia.
[Lamut, J.; Knap, M.] Fac Nat Sci & Technol, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
RP Drofelnik, N (corresponding author), Store Steel, Zelezarska Cesta 3, Store
3220, Slovenia.
RI Knap, Matjaž/AAO-9462-2020
CR Allibert M., 1995, ALAG STLAS, P105
Drofelnik N., 2012, FAZNA SESTAVA POKRRI, P10
Ghosh A., SECONDARY STEELMAKIN, P13
Kargul T, 2010, STEEL RES INT, V81, P953, DOI 10.1002/srin.201000155
Kuchar I., 1993, STEELM C P ISS AIME, V76, P495
Podorska D., ARCH METALLURGY MAT, V51, P581
Sahai Y., 2008, TUNDISH TECHNOLOGY C, P1
Schade J., 2003, CONTRIBUTIONS CASTIN, V10, P2
Tolar M., 2006, ELEKTROJEKLARSTVO, P193
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 10
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
PY 2015
VL 60
IS 1
BP 269
EP 273
DI 10.1515/amm-2015-0043
PG 5
GA CE9CV
UT WOS:000352142100042
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HY
Wu, T
Wang, JL
Liang, YC
Li, JS
AF Tang, Haiyan
Wu, Tuo
Wang, Jian-lei
Liang, Yong-chang
Li, Jingshe
TI Mass Action concentration model of
CaO-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag systems and
its application to the formation mechanism of
MgO•Al2O3 spinel-type inclusion in casing steel
LA English
DT Article
DE MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel-type inclusion; slag basicity; mass action
concentration model; formation mechanism
ID QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; SULFUR DISTRIBUTION; LIQUID; THERMODYNAMICS;
APPLICABILITY; MELTS; LAW
AB Large-size MgO center dot Al2O3 spinel-type inclusions in casing steel are
harmful to the surface quality and performance of casing. In order to effectively
control them in production, their existence in casing steel was analysed by
scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer, and the formation
mechanisms were studied using the coexistence theory of slag structure. The mass
action concentration model of CaO-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 slag systems was established.
The effect of the slag basicity, aluminium content in molten steel, degree of
vacuum during vacuum treatment of molten steel and furnace lining on the magnesium
content in molten steel is discussed. The results show that magnesium content
increases with increasing slag basicity and aluminium content, and decreases with
increasing CO partial pressure.
C1 [Tang, Haiyan; Wu, Tuo; Wang, Jian-lei; Liang, Yong-chang] Univ Sci & Technol
[Tang, Haiyan; Wu, Tuo; Wang, Jian-lei; Liang, Yong-chang; Li, Jingshe] Univ Sci
& Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing
RP Tang, HY (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
FU State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy of the USTB [41603014];
National Natural Science foundation of China [51374021]
FX The authors are grateful for support from the State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Metallurgy of the USTB (No. 41603014) and the National Natural
Science foundation of China (No. 51374021).
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NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 19
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PY 2015
VL 112
IS 4
DI 10.1051/metal/2015029
PG 15
GA CS0GO
UT WOS:000361736500009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Begum, L
Hasan, M
AF Begum, L.
Hasan, M.
TI Three-dimensional thermal model for vertical direct chill slab casting
process
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D thermal model; DC casting; Aluminium alloy AA-1050; Slag flow;
Solidification modelling
ID CONVECTION
AB To aid in the designing of an automatic control system, a steady state three-
dimensional (3D) thermal model is developed to predict the temperature
distributions for an industrial scale vertical direct chill (DC) slab caster for
aluminium alloy AA-1050. A single domain approach for the liquid, mushy and solid
regions is used by employing the enthalpy porosity technique. The convective heat
transfer in the liquid region is taken into account by assuming a slag flow
velocity field equal to the casting speed. The predicted thermal field is verified
with the numerically predicted temperature field available in the literature and a
reasonably good agreement is found. Detailed parametric study is carried out by
varying important parameters of this process. Results of the temperature field,
sump depth, mushy zone thickness, shell thickness and local surface heat flux are
presented and discussed.
C1 [Begum, L.; Hasan, M.] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, Montreal, PQ H3A 0C5,
Canada.
C3 McGill University
RP Hasan, M (corresponding author), McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat Engn, MH Wong
Bldg,3610 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 0C5, Canada.
EM mainul.hasan@mcgill.ca
FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada
Discovery grant [48158]
FX This work is partially supported from the National Sciences and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada Discovery grant no. 48158
awarded to M. Hasan of McGill University, Montreal, for which authors
are grateful.
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5
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NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PI ABINGDON
SN 0008-4433
EI 1879-1395
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 53
IS 4
BP 391
EP 406
DI 10.1179/1879139514Y.0000000129
PG 16
GA AW2NM
UT WOS:000346125300002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Calvet, N
Dejean, G
Unamunzaga, L
Py, X
AF Calvet, Nicolas
Dejean, Guilhem
Unamunzaga, Lucia
Py, Xavier
GP ASME
TI WASTE FROM METALLURGIC INDUSTRY: A SUSTAINABLE HIGH-TEMPERATURE THERMAL
ENERGY STORAGE MATERIAL FOR CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY
SUSTAINABILITY, 2013
LA English
CT ASME 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability (ES2013)
CY JUL 14-19, 2013
CL Minneapolis, MN
ID TECHNOLOGIES
AB The ambitious DOE Sun Shot cost target ($0.06/kWh) for concentrated solar power
(CSP) requires innovative concepts in the collector, receiver, and power cycle
subsystems, as well as in thermal energy storage (TES).
For the TES, one innovative approach is to recycle waste from metallurgic
industry, called slags, as low-cost high-temperature thermal energy storage
material. The slags are all the non-metallic parts of cast iron which naturally
rises up by lower density at the surface of the fusion in the furnace. Once cooled
down some ceramic can be obtained mainly composed of oxides of calcium, silicon,
iron, and aluminum. These ceramics are widely available in USA, about 120 sites in
32 States and are sold at a very low average price of $5.37/ton. The US production
of iron and steel slag was estimated at 19.7 million tons in 2003 which guarantees
a huge availability of material.
In this paper, electric arc furnace (EAF) slags from steelmaking industry, also
called "black slags", were characterized in the range of temperatures of
concentrated solar power. The raw material is thermo-chemically stable up to 1100
degrees C and presents a low cost per unit thermal energy stored ($0.2l/kWh(t for
Delta T=100 degrees C)) and a suitable heat capacity per unit volume of material
(63 kWh(t)/m(3) (for) (Delta T=100 degrees C)). These properties should enable the
development of new TES systems that could achieve the TES targets of the Sun Shot
(temperature above 600 degrees C, installed cost below $15/kWh(t), and heat
capacity >= 25 kWh(t)/m(3)). The detailed experimental results are presented in the
paper.
After its characterization, the material has been shaped in form of plates and
thermally cycled in a TES system using hot-air as heat transfer fluid. Several
cycles of charge and discharged were performed successfully and the concept was
validated at laboratory scale. Apart from availability, low-cost, and promising
thermal properties, the use of slag promotes the conservation of natural resources
and is a noble solution to decrease the cost and to develop sustainable TES
systems.
C1 [Calvet, Nicolas] CIC Energigune, Minano, Alava, Spain.
[Dejean, Guilhem] EDF R&D, PROMES CNRS, Perpignan, France.
[Unamunzaga, Lucia] IK4 Azterlan, Durango, Bizkaia, Spain.
[Py, Xavier] Univ Perpignan, PROMES CNRS, F-66025 Perpignan, France.
C3 CIC Energigune; Electricite de France (EDF); Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Perpignan Via Domitia
RP Calvet, N (corresponding author), CIC Energigune, Minano, Alava, Spain.
CR Bohmer S., 2008, 1507872007 FISCAT
Faik A, 2012, SOL ENERGY, V86, P139, DOI 10.1016/j.solener.2011.09.014
García C, 1999, REWAS'99 GLOBAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECYCLING, WASTE TREATMENT AND
CLEAN TECHNOLOGY VOLUME I-III, P417
Gil A, 2010, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V14, P31, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.035
Hasnain SM, 1998, ENERG CONVERS MANAGE, V39, P1127, DOI 10.1016/S0196-
8904(98)00025-9
Herrmann U, 2004, ENERGY, V29, P883, DOI 10.1016/S0360-5442(03)00193-2
Kere A., 2012, P INNOSTOCK 2012 12
Leonelli C, 2006, J HAZARD MATER, V135, P149, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.035
10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.02.008
Medrano M, 2010, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V14, P56, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2009.07.036
Meffre A., 2011, P SOLARPACES 2011 GR
Park J. S., 2008, 1 INT C HAZ WAST MAN
Py X, 2013, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V18, P306, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.030
Reuter M., 2004, P 7 INT C MOLT SLAGS
Svanera M, 2012, METALL ITAL, P37
Tayeb AM, 1996, ENERG CONVERS MANAGE, V37, P127, DOI 10.1016/0196-8904(95)00171-
9
Zunft S, 2011, J SOL ENERG-T ASME, V133, DOI 10.1115/1.4004358
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 97800-7918-5551-5
PY 2014
AR V001T03A012
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical
GA BD2PB
UT WOS:000359026100031
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Riyahimalayeri, K
Ölund, P
Selleby, M
AF Riyahimalayeri, Kamrooz
Olund, Patrik
Selleby, Malin
TI Oxygen Activity Calculations of Molten Steel: Comparison With Measured
Results
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen activity; Wagner equation; thermodynamic model; Al2O3 activity;
steel; slag; Thermo-Calc; SEM; ECD
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; THERMODYNAMICS; INCLUSIONS; ALUMINUM; CALCIUM;
STATE; IRON
AB This study sets out to find some model/s that could calculate the closest oxygen
activity of molten steel to the measured oxygen activity in an ASEA-SKF ladle
furnace. Ten steel heats grade SAE 52100 were chosen, the oxygen activities of the
molten steel after vacuum degassing process were measured, then by means of two
different equations and one computer programs the theoretical oxygen activities
were calculated and compared to the measured results. In order to calculate the
activities of Al2O3 in the top slag four different models and two different
constants were applied. Both Wagner and Turkdogan's equations were found to be
useful. It was seen that increasing the wt% Al from 0 up to 0.05 in molten steel,
increasing CaO/Al2O3 ratio in top slag, and reducing equilibrium temperature of
slag-steel could contribute to reduction of oxygen activity of molten steel. The
scanning electron microscope observations revealed that the main types of observed
non-metallic inclusions in these samples were spinels and calcium aluminates and by
increasing the CaO content of the inclusions their equivalent circle diameters
grew.
C1 [Riyahimalayeri, Kamrooz; Olund, Patrik] Ovako Hofors AB, Dept Mat Res & Dev,
SE-81382 Hofors, Sweden.
[Riyahimalayeri, Kamrooz; Selleby, Malin] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci &
RP Riyahimalayeri, K (corresponding author), Ovako Hofors AB, Dept Mat Res & Dev,
SE-81382 Hofors, Sweden.
EM kamroozr@yahoo.co.uk
RI Selleby, Malin/F-5645-2016; Riyahi Malayeri, Kamrooz/IXD-4665-2023
OI Selleby, Malin/0000-0001-5031-919X; Riyahi Malayeri,
Kamrooz/0000-0002-5710-1131
CR [Anonymous], 2010, INCA FEAT SOFTW COMP
[Anonymous], 2010, THERMODYNAMIC DATABA
Carmona F.R., 1992, ISIJ INT, V32, P529
Chichkarev EA, 2009, METALLURGIST+, V53, P607, DOI 10.1007/s11015-010-9221-5
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PLUSCHKELL W, 1979, STAHL EISEN, V99, P404
PLUSCHKELL W, 1979, STAHL EISEN, V99, P398
Pluschkell W., 1978, VERSAILLES PHYS CHEM, V2, P38
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10.1524/ZPCH.1963.38.1_2.087
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Tanabe J., 1991, THESIS TOKYO I TECH
Turkdogan E-T., 1996, FUNDAMENTALS STEELMA, P197
VDEH, 1981, SLAG ATLAS, V116
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 25
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD FEB
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 2
BP 136
EP 145
DI 10.1002/srin.201200114
PG 10
GA 083MV
UT WOS:000314469400005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gerogiorgis, DI
Panias, D
Paspaliaris, I
AF Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios I.
Panias, Dimitrios
Paspaliaris, Ioannis
BE Nastac, L
Zhang, L
Thomas, BG
Sabau, A
ElKaddah, N
Powell, AC
Combeau, H
TI MULTIPHYSICS CFD MODELING OF A FREE FALLING JET DURING MELT-BLOWING SLAG
FIBERIZATION
SO CFD MODELING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS PROCESSING
LA English
CT Symposium on CFD Modeling and Simulation in Materials Processing held
during the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY MAR 11-15, 2012
CL Orlando, FL
DE Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); red mud; mineral wool; slag;
fiberization
ID SURFACE-TENSION
AB Red mud fiberization is a process with remarkable potential, alleviating
environmental pressure by transforming an aluminum by-product into mineral wool,
thus to various marketable products. A promising mineral wool process is molten
slag fiberization via an impinging air jet, which avoids mechanical wear and
rotating parts. The molten slag which remains after pig iron casting flows out of a
heated ladle orifice at a high temperature (1600 degrees C) and adjustable
flowrate, and forms a free-falling vertical jet which visibly radiates its
excessive heat: at a given distance, a high-velocity impinging air jet meets the
vertical melt jet perpendicularly (or at an angle), inducing intensive droplet
generation, subsequent fiber elongation, collection and processing.
This paper focuses on high-fidelity CFD modeling of the molten jet flow under
external cooling: the model encompasses all physicochemical phenomena (melt laminar
flow, radiative cooling) and considers several temperature-dependent slag transport
properties in order to understand which operational degrees of freedom (manipulated
variables) are useful to process optimization.
C1 [Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios I.; Panias, Dimitrios; Paspaliaris, Ioannis] NTUA, Sch
Mineral & Met Engn, Met Lab, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
RP Gerogiorgis, DI (corresponding author), NTUA, Sch Mineral & Met Engn, Met Lab, 9
Heroon Polytechneiou St,Zografou Campus, GR-15780 Athens, Greece.
RI Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios Ι./E-3594-2014; Panias, Dimitrios/AAO-1296-2021
OI Gerogiorgis, Dimitrios Ι./0000-0002-2210-6784;
CR ADACHI K, 1990, AICHE J, V36, P738, DOI 10.1002/aic.690360510
Arutyunyan NA, 2010, RUSS J PHYS CHEM A+, V84, P7, DOI 10.1134/S0036024410010024
Balomenos E., 2010, THERMODYNAMIC STUDY
Browning GJ, 2003, ENERG FUEL, V17, P731, DOI 10.1021/ef020165o
Buschow JKH, 2001, ENCY MAT SCI TECHNOL, P132
Epikhin V. E., 1981, Journal of Engineering Physics, V41, P1091, DOI
10.1007/BF00824768
Frank W.B., 2005, ALUMINIUM
GEORGIOU GC, 1988, AICHE J, V34, P1559, DOI 10.1002/aic.690340918
GEROGIORGIS DI, 2004, THESIS CARNEGIE MELL
Leroux S., 1997, International Journal of Fluid Mechanics Research, V24, P428
Magidson IA, 2009, RUSS METALL, P631, DOI 10.1134/S0036029509070192
Novitskii AG, 2006, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V47, P121, DOI 10.1007/s11148-006-0069-y
Sirok B., 2005, International Journal of Microstructure and Materials
Properties, V1, P61, DOI 10.1504/IJMMP.2005.008131
Wang SB, 2008, CHEMOSPHERE, V72, P1621, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.05.013
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PI CHICHESTER
BN 978-1-11829-615-8
PY 2012
BP 81
EP 88
DI 10.1002/9781118364697.ch10
PG 8
GA BGW82
UT WOS:000324433700010
OA Green Accepted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Trepalina, YN
Doroganov, VA
Evtushenko, EI
AF Trepalina, Yu. N.
Doroganov, V. A.
Evtushenko, E. I.
TI HIGH-ALUMINA COMPOSITE CONCRETES AND COATINGS BASED ON MODIFIED
PHOSPHATE BINDER SUSPENSIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum phosphate binder; corrosion resistance; protective coatings;
mechanical activation; composite materials; slag; slag resistance;
working surface wetting capacity; glass melting
AB Coatings and materials based on aluminum phosphate suspensions are studied that
have high strength in a raw state and are suitable for carrying out combined firing
of a refractory and coating. An aluminum phosphate binder provides preparation of
high physicomechanical properties in the firing temperature range. Use of
traditional mixes with a protective aluminum phosphate coatings, and also ceramic
concrete based on this binder provide increased material corrosion resistance, and
consequently an increase in object operating life and period between repairs for
metallurgical and glass melting units.
C1 [Trepalina, Yu. N.; Doroganov, V. A.; Evtushenko, E. I.] VG Shukhov Belgorod
State Technol Univ, Belgorod, Russia.
C3 Belgorod State Technological University
RP Trepalina, YN (corresponding author), VG Shukhov Belgorod State Technol Univ,
Belgorod, Russia.
RI Evtushenko, Evgeny I/A-8123-2014; Doroganov, Vladimir/Q-5955-2019
OI Evtushenko, Evgeny I/0000-0001-7468-487X; Doroganov,
Vladimir/0000-0002-6355-0750
CR Budnikov P. P., 1971, REFRACTORY CONCRETE
Kashcheev I. D., 1991, OGNEUPORY, P5
2916.1950.tb14171.x
Nemets I. I., 1997, SCI TECHN ACH PROBL
Trepalina YN, 2010, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V51, P210, DOI 10.1007/s11148-010-9291-8
Trepalina Yu. N., 2010, CER REFR PROM SOL NA
Zaistev S. V., 2010, 21 ALL RUSS M HEAT R
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 12
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
PD NOV
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 4
BP 291
EP 293
DI 10.1007/s11148-011-9417-7
PG 3
GA 862RO
UT WOS:000298112000015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, C
Wang, J
Shu, D
Sun, BD
AF Chen, Chong
Wang, Jun
Shu, Da
Sun, Baode
TI Removal of Iron Impurity from Aluminum by Electroslag Refining
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag refining; aluminum; iron; thermodynamic; mechanical
properties
ID ALLOYS; PHASE; PRECIPITATION; SEDIMENTATION; MANGANESE; TITANIUM
AB The effect of electroslag refining on removal of iron from commercial purity
aluminum using KCl-NaCl-Na3AlF6 slag containing Na2B4O7 was studied. The iron
content decreases with the decrement of the remelting speed and the iron content
can decrease from 0.42% to 0.20 mass% after electroslag refining. The chemical
reaction between melt and slag to form Fe2B in the electroslag refining process is
the main reason for the reduction of iron content. Thermodynamic calculation of the
chemical reaction theoretically accounts for the formation of Fe2B spontaneously in
the electroslag refining process. The ultimate strength and elongation of
commercial aluminum are improved obviously after electroslag refining.
[doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2010435]
C1 [Chen, Chong; Wang, Jun; Shu, Da; Sun, Baode] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key
Lab Met Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, J (corresponding author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met
Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China.
EM chenchongsjtu@sjtu.edu.cn; junwang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Shu, Da/I-4546-2016
OI Shu, Da/0000-0003-2563-2998
Shanghai Jiao Tong University for their help in the ICP analysis.
[Anonymous], AFS T
Cao X, 2004, INT J CAST METAL RES, V17, P1, DOI 10.1179/136404604225014792
HU Jian-hua, 2002, PRACTICAL INORGANIC, P57
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.073
10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.022
2
Yang CL, 2009, J CRYST GROWTH, V311, P404, DOI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.11.025
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 20
PI SENDAI
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PD JUN
PY 2011
VL 52
IS 6
BP 1320
EP 1323
PG 4
Engineering
GA 806PV
UT WOS:000293821000042
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Semykina, A
Gorobets, O
Shatokha, V
Seetharaman, S
AF Semykina, A.
Gorobets, O.
Shatokha, V.
Seetharaman, S.
TI Cold Simulation of Particle Movement in a Conducting Liquid under
Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields. Magnetite Particles Separation
from Molten Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE electromagnetic buoyancy force (EBF); particle separation; cold
simulation
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATION; ALUMINUM MELT; FORCE
AB The experimental technique of mobilising non-conducting, nonmagnetic particles
in conducting liquid in crossed electric and magnetic fields was investigated in
order to find the way of the particle separation from the liquid steelmaking slags.
The effect of the current density, magnetic field, size and shape of the particle
on the particle velocity under action of the electromagnetic buoyancy force (EBF)
in the electrolyte was analysed.
Potential way of the application of obtained results to magnetite particle
separation from liquid EAF slags are discussed.
C1 [Semykina, A.; Seetharaman, S.] Royal Inst Technol, Div Mat Proc Sci, SE-10044
Stockholm, Sweden.
[Gorobets, O.] Natl Tech Univ Ukraine KPI, UA-03056 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Semykina, A.; Shatokha, V.] Natl Met Acad Ukraine, UA-49600 Dnepropetrovsk,
Ukraine.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology; Ministry of Education & Science of
Ukraine; Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute; Ministry of Education
& Science of Ukraine; Ukrainian State University of Science &
Technologies
RP Semykina, A (corresponding author), Royal Inst Technol, Div Mat Proc Sci, SE-
10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM annase@kth.se
RI Shatokha, Volodymyr I/D-2728-2016; Gorobets, Yuri/K-5383-2014; Gorobets,
Oksana Y/I-4138-2017
OI Shatokha, Volodymyr I/0000-0001-6024-0557; Gorobets,
Yuri/0000-0003-1651-0016; Gorobets, Oksana Y/0000-0002-2911-6870
FU Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA);
Swedish steel Producers Association (Jernkontoret); Swedish Institute
FX The present authors are thankful to Swedish Foundation for Strategic
Environmental Research (MISTRA) and The Swedish steel Producers
Association (Jemkontoret) for the financial support received. The
authors are thankful to Kiev Polytechnic University for providing the
experimental facilities. The partial financial support from Swedish
Institute to Anna Semykina is gratefully acknowledged.
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Kofstad Per, 1972, NONSTOICHIOMETRY DIF, P233
Semykina A, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS B, V41, P940, DOI 10.1007/s11663-010-9392-2
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x
Shu D, 2002, SCI CHINA SER E, V45, P417
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Yamao F, 1997, TETSU TO HAGANE, V83, P30
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 23
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD APR
PY 2011
VL 82
IS 4
BP 362
EP 368
DI 10.1002/srin.201000159
PG 7
GA 756YO
UT WOS:000290050900008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Chen, YZ
Li, GG
Cao, XM
AF Chen, You-zhi
Li, Guo-gang
Cao, Xiao-mei
BE Zachariah, R
TI Use of Desulphurizing Slag in Non-autoclaved Aerated Concrete
SO ARCHITECTURE AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
SE Advanced Engineering Research
LA English
CT SREE Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering
CY NOV 06-07, 2010
CL Soc Resources, Environm & Engn, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Soc Resources, Environm & Engn
DE desulphurizing slag; non-autoclave curing; aerated concrete;
pore-forming
AB Laboratory experiments were performed using Desulphiffizing Slag (DS) to replace
sulfate,part of lime and fly ash in non-autoclaved aerated concrete mixtures. The
effects of water /binder ratio, casting-temperature and aluminum powder fineness on
the pore-forming behaviot; and those of desulphurizing slag dosage, fly ash dosage
and aluminum powder dosage on the compressive strength and bulk density of aerated
concrete were investigated. The hydration products and the microstructure were
analyzed by XRD and SEM. Results showed that the main physical-mechanical
properties of Non-autoclaved aerated concrete made by the optimal raw material
formulation and procedure conform with the requirements of aerated concretes of
grade B05, and the hydration products are needle-like ettringite and flocculent
hydrated calcium silicate.
C1 [Chen, You-zhi; Li, Guo-gang; Cao, Xiao-mei] Wuhan Univ Technol, Key Lab
Silicate Mat Sci & Engn, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
C3 Wuhan University of Technology
RP Chen, YZ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Technol, Key Lab Silicate Mat Sci &
Engn, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
EM cyzly@whut.edu.cn
CR [Anonymous], J SHANDONG U NAT SCI
BERETKA J, 1991, KEY ENG MAT, V53-5, P512, DOI
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Kurama H, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P767, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.044
[彭小芹 PENG Xiaoqin], 2008, [重庆建筑大学学报, Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu
University], V30, P132
XU HZ, 1996, HOUSING MAT APPL, P41
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOCIETY RESOURCES ENVIRONMENT & ENGINEERING
PI LONDON
PA 145-157 ST JOHN ST, LONDON, EC1V 4PW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-8339
BN 978-1-908074-03-4
J9 ADV ENG RES
PY 2010
VL 2
BP 41
EP 46
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA BVM67
UT WOS:000291894200008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, W
Liu, Y
Liu, L
Xue, ZL
AF Wu Wei
Liu Yiu
Liu Liu
Xue Zheng-liang
TI Titanium Content Control for Bearing Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE bearing steel; titanium content; experiment
AB On the basis of the thermodynamic analysis and fundamental study in the
laboratory. the equilibrium of the Ti-Al-O system was investigated. The results
showed that the equilibrium titanium content in the steel increased with the
increase in the soluble aluminum content in the steel and the TiO2 Content in the
stag. Although the slag basicity decreased and Al2O3 content in the slag increased,
the titanium content increased. Based on these results. the BOF smelting process of
low titanium hearing steel was put forward.
C1 [Wu Wei; Liu Liu] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Inst Met Technol, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
[Liu Yiu] Wuhan Hongshan Haitong Refractories & Furnace Cha, Wuhan 430081,
[Xue Zheng-liang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R
China.
C3 Central Iron & Steel Research Institute; Wuhan University of Science &
Technology
RP Wu, W (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Inst Met Technol,
EM wuweineu@163.com
CR Fu J, 1998, SPECIAL STEEL, V19, P31
HUANG XH, 1997, FERROUS METALLURGY P
Li LS, 2000, ACTA PHYS-CHIM SIN, V16, P708, DOI 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20000807
Liu Y, 2006, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V13, P74, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(06)60115-5
TAE GK, 2001, ISIJ INT, V41, P1460
ZHENG SB, 2005, SPEC STEEL 2005 ANN, P145
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 6
BP 29
EP 32
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(08)60261-7
PG 4
GA 400BV
UT WOS:000262843900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Min, BY
Choi, WK
Oh, WZ
Jung, CH
AF Min, Byeong-Yeon
Choi, Wang-Kyu
Oh, Won-Zin
Jung, Chong-Hun
TI PARTITIONING RATIO OF DEPLETED URANIUM DURING A MELT DECONTAMINATION BY
ARC MELTING
SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Depleted Uranium; Melt Decontamination; Partitioning Radio
ID WASTE; IMMOBILIZATION
AB In a study of the optimum operational condition for a melting decontamination,
the effects of the basicity, slag type and slag composition on the distribution of
depleted uranium were investigated for radioactively contaminated metallic wastes
of iron-based metals such as stainless steel (SUS 304L) in a direct current
graphite arc furnace. Most of the depleted uranium was easily moved into the slag
from the radioactive metal waste.
The partitioning ratio of the depleted uranium was influenced by the amount of
added slag former and the slag basicity. The composition of the slag former used to
capture contaminants such as depleted uranium during the melt decontamination
process generally consists of silica (SiO2), Calcium oxide (CaO) and aluminum oxide
(Al2O3). Furthermore, calcium fluoride (CaF2), magnesium oxide (MgO), and ferric
oxide (Fe2O3) were added to increase the slag fluidity and oxidative potential. The
partitioning ratio of the depleted uranium was increased as the amount of slag
former was increased. Up to 97% of the depleted uranium was captured between the
ingot phase and the slag phase. The partitioning ratio of the uranium was
considerably dependent on the basicity and composition of the slag. The optimum
condition for the removal of the depleted uranium was a basicity level of about
1.5. The partitioning ratio of uranium was high, exceeding 5.5 x 10(3). The slag
formers containing calcium fluoride (CaF2) and a high amount of silica proved to be
more effective for a melt decontamination of stainless steel wastes contaminated
with depleted uranium.
C1 [Min, Byeong-Yeon; Choi, Wang-Kyu; Oh, Won-Zin; Jung, Chong-Hun] Korea Atom
Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
RP Min, BY (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, POB 150, Taejon
EM bymin@kaeri.re.kr
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Heshmatpour B., 1981, Nuclear and Chemical Waste Management, V2, P25, DOI
10.1016/0191-815X(81)90004-8
HOPKINSON KL, 1998, EUR18041 EN EUR COMM
IMBARD G, 1993, P TECHN SEM MELT REC, V193
JOANNA MRB, 1996, 960902 SAND
JOYCE EL, 1995, 933026 LAUR
Matyunin YI, 1998, ATOM ENERGY+, V84, P173, DOI 10.1007/BF02412700
Min BY, 2007, J IND ENG CHEM, V13, P57
Neuschütz D, 2005, ISIJ INT, V45, P288, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.45.288
REN XW, 1994, P INT TOP M NUCL HAZ
SCHLIENGER ME, 1997, SAND970811C
Schreiber H.D., 1981, SCI BASIS NUCL WASTE, V3, P109
Song PS, 2006, J IND ENG CHEM, V12, P248
STARKEY RH, 1960, IND HYG J, P178
TURKDOGAN ET, 1990, PHYS CHEM HIGH TEMPE, P140
WORCESTER SA, 1993, WINCO1138 INELDOE
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU KOREAN NUCLEAR SOC
PI DAEJEON
PA FLOOR 4, NUTOPIA BUILDING, 342-1 JANGDAE-DONG, YUSEONG-GU, DAEJEON,
305-308, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5733
J9 NUCL ENG TECHNOL
JI Nucl. Eng. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2008
VL 40
IS 6
BP 497
EP 504
DI 10.5516/NET.2008.40.6.497
PG 8
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 368BR
UT WOS:000260596800007
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, PS
Min, BY
Choi, W
Jung, CH
Oh, WZ
AF Song, P. S.
Min, B. Y.
Choi, Wx
Jung, C. H.
Oh, W. Z.
TI Effects of a slag former on the absorption of cerium and uranium oxide
within a slag during a melting of stainless steel contaminated with
uranium
SO SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE melting; uranium; slag; absorption; surrogate
ID DECONTAMINATION; IMMOBILIZATION; WASTE
AB The effects of a slag type, the amount of a slag former and the basicity index
on the absorption of cerium (Ce) and uranium oxide (UO)(2) in a slag phase have
been investigated during an electric arc melting process. An electric are furnace
(EAF) was used to melt the stainless steel wastes, simulated by uranium oxide and
the real wastes from the uranium conversion plant in KAERI The composition of the
slag former used to capture the contaminants such as uranium, cerium, and cesium
during the melt decontamination process generally consisted of silica (SiO2),
calcium oxide (CaO) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Also, calcium fluoride (CaF2),
nickel oxide (NiO), and ferric oxide (Fe2O3) were added to provide an increase in
the slag fluidity and oxidative potential. Cerium was used as a surrogate for the
uranium because the thermochemical and physical properties of cerium are very
similar to those of uranium. Cerium was removed from the ingot phase to slag phase
by up to 99% in this study. The absorption ratio of cerium was increased with an
increase of the amount of the slag former. And the maximum removal of cerium
occurred when the basicity index of the slag former was 0.82. The natural uranium
(UO2) was partitioned from the ingot phase to the slag phase by up to 95%. The
absorption of the natural uranium was considerably dependent on the basicity index
of the slag former and the composition of the slag former. The optimum condition
for the removal of the uranium was about 1.5 for the basicity index and 15 wt% of
the slag former. According to the increase of the amount of slag former, the
absorption of uranium oxide in the slag phase was linearly increased due to an
increase of its capacity to capture uranium oxide within the slag phase. Through
experiments with various slag formers, we verified that the slag formers containing
calcium fluoride (CaF2) and a high amount of silica were more effective for a melt
decontamination of stainless steel wastes contaminated with uranium. During the
melting tests with stainless steel wastes from the uranium conversion plant in
KAERI, we found that the results of the uranium decontamination were very similar
to those of the uranium oxide from the melting of stimulated metal wastes. (c) 2007
C1 [Song, P. S.; Choi, Wx; Jung, C. H.; Oh, W. Z.] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst,
Taejon 305353, South Korea.
[Min, B. Y.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea.
University
RP Song, PS (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, 150-1 Dukjing
Dong,1045 Daedeokdaero, Taejon 305353, South Korea.
EM helio-song@hanmail.net
CR ABE M, 1985, MELT REFINING METHOD, P375
ANIGSTEM R, 2001, POTENTIAL RECYCLING
ATTERIDGE DG, 1994, WINCO1224 BI
BECHTOLD TE, 1993, WINCO1172
Buckley M., 2004, LIT REV POTENTIAL AP
10.1016/0191-815X(81)90004-8
Joanna M.R.B., 1996, THESIS OREGON GRADUA
JOANNA MRB, 1996, 960902 SAND
LDEDBRINK FW, 1993, P TECHN SEM MELT REC, P173
Ren X.W., 1994, P INT TOP M NUCL HAZ, V94
WORCESTER SA, 1993, WINCO1138 INELDOE
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 12
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1383-5866
EI 1873-3794
J9 SEP PURIF TECHNOL
JI Sep. Purif. Technol.
PD APR 20
PY 2008
VL 60
IS 2
BP 136
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.seppur.2007.08.015
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA 295IS
UT WOS:000255468800004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Perepelitsyn, VA
Sizov, VI
Rytvin, VM
Ignatenko, VG
Sizov, V. I.
Rytvin, V. M.
Ignatenko, V. G.
TI Wear-resistant refractories in aluminum pyrometallurgy
LA English
DT Article
AB Service conditions for refractories and physicochemical processes at their
contact with molten aluminum are provided. Thermodynamic calculations establish the
relative wear resistance of a number of oxides, silicates, and oxygen-free
compounds towards aluminum in the range 700-1200 degrees C (937-1473 K). The role
is revealed of contact physicochemical processes at the boundary of a refractory
with molten aluminum. The high resistance towards aluminum is demonstrated for
high-alumina calcium aluminates, particularly bonite CaO center dot 6Al(2)O(3) and
spinel MgO center dot Al2O3. The most practicable wear-resistant fuzed materials
for preparing lining of melting furnaces are lime-aluminate slags of OAO Klyuchevsk
Ferroalloy Plant.
CR Buchel G., 2006, NOUYE OGNEUPORY, P66
GRISHENKOV EE, 2003, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P66
ILNTIN SV, 2006, NOUYE OGNEUPORY, P109
KASHCHEEVA ID, 2002, REFRACTORIES IND UNI, V2
Khoroshavin L. B., 2001, MAGNESIUM REFRACTORI
NAIDICH YV, 2002, CONTACT PHENOMENA MO
Perepelitsyn V. A., 2001, REFRACTORIES BOUNDAR
PEREPELITSYN VA, 1988, HIGH TEMPERATURE CHE
PEREPELITSYN VA, P SCI TECH C PHYS CH
PEREPELITSYN VA, 1989, THESIS
PEREPELITSYN VA, 2003, NOUYE OGNEUPORY, P87
PEREPELITSYN VA, 1991, OGN 91 TECHN APPL AL
PEREPELITSYN VA, 2006, NOV OGNEUPORY, P14
PLINER YL, 1967, REDUCTION METAL OXID
SASSA VS, 1989, LINING INDUCTION ELE
TASSOT P, 2002, NOUYE OGNEUPORY, P23
YURKOV AL, 2005, REFRACTORING CARBON
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
PD JUL
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 4
BP 242
EP 245
DI 10.1007/s11148-007-0068-7
PG 4
GA 243XF
UT WOS:000251829900003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, WJ
Zhaou, JH
Cao, XY
Zhao, XH
Lan, ZQ
Liu, JZ
Cen, KF
AF Yang, Weijuan
Zhaou, Junhu
Cao, Xinyu
Zhao, Xiaohu
Lan, Zequan
Liu, Jianzhong
Cen, Kefa
TI Research on the slagging characteristics of Shenhua coal
LA English
CT Symposium on Advanced Coal Utilization Technology
CY JUL 12-14, 2006
CL Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE slagging; ash deposition; coal; boiler operation
AB Shenhua coal is one of high-quality power coals of high calorific value that has
large reserves in China. But the low fusion point of its ash poses some problems
for its application in thermal power plants. The experiments were carried out in a
0.25 MW combustion facility to make a comparative study of the ash deposition and
slagging process of Shenhua coal and XmWen coal. The results show that the ash
deposition process of Shenhua coal lasts longer than that of Xinwen, and self-
cleaning of the slag does not take place with the Shenhua coal. Also, the ash
deposition of Shenhua coal decreases the heat transfer of the furnace wall
severely. The three slag or ash specimens, sampled in the furnace, near the furnace
wall and in the flue duct, were tested and analyzed. It was indicated that the
furnace wall slag is rich in iron while in the fly ash calcium content is higher.
The slag near furnace wall had a larger ratio of silicon to aluminum, more glassy
matter and smaller crystal characteristic peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD)
pattern. The crystalline matter is mostly quartz in the furnace wall slag. The
crystal characteristic peaks in XRD in the fly ash are larger than those of the
furnace wall slag. The crystalline matter of the fly ash are quartz, andalusite and
hematite. (c) 2007 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Yang, Weijuan; Zhaou, Junhu; Cao, Xinyu; Zhao, Xiaohu; Lan, Zequan; Liu,
Jianzhong; Cen, Kefa] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Clean Energy Utilizat, Hangzhou
RP Yang, WJ (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Clean Energy
Utilizat, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
EM yangwj@zju.edu.cn
CR JIANGUO H, 2003, CLEAN COAL TECHNOL, V9, P12
JIWU X, 2005, COAL QUAL TECHNOL, V9, P51
Paist A, 2002, FUEL, V81, P1811, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00114-X
Raask E., 1985, Mineral Impurities in Coal Combustion: Behavior, Problems, and
Remedial Measures
Su S, 2001, FUEL, V80, P1351, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00214-3
XINYU C, 2004, J CHINA COAL SOC, V29, P453
XIONGYA Z, 2003, HEBEI ELECT POWER, V22, P23
YANJUN Z, 2005, THERM POWER GEN, V24, P5
ZEQUAN L, 2004, P CSEE, V24, P216
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 11
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1932-2135
EI 1932-2143
PD MAY-JUN
PY 2007
VL 2
IS 3
BP 171
EP 176
DI 10.1002/apj.37
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA 292BP
UT WOS:000255241800005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, PR
Wang, W
AF Taylor, PR
Wang, W
TI Reverse-polarity direct current plasma-driven electro-reduction of
refractory metals in molten oxide melts
SO MINERALS & METALLURGICAL PROCESSING
LA English
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Mining-Metallurgy-and-Exploration
CY FEB 24-26, 2003
CL Cincinnati, OH
DE electroreduction; refractory metals; molten oxide melt
AB This work is concerned with the extraction of refractory metals using an
electro-reduction process in which a molten oxide melt, instead of halide, is used
as the electrolyte. The process may provide an alternative method for producing
refractory metals from their ores through the use of a reverse-polarity direct cut-
rent (DC)plasma arc heating process. In such a process, the plasma torch itself
acts as an anode, and the resulting liquid or solid product metals work as a
cathode, whereas the molten oxide melt plays the role of an electron transfer
layer. The focus of this study is the electro-reduction of scheelite, vanadium
pentoxide and chromite. For vanadium pentoxide, the proposed melt is mainly
composed of CaO-V2O5/Li2O-B2O3-V2O5 or FeO-CaO-SiO2-V2O5-Li2O with the addition of
other alkali and alkaline metal oxides. In the case of scheelite ore, the SiO2-CaO-
Li2O-WO3 system is used as melt and metal aluminum or nickel could be used as a
collecting media. As for the reduction of chromite ore, SiO2-CaO-Cr2O-Li2O system
with a small amount of CaF2 is used as the melt. As a demonstration, chromium was
successfully produced on a laboratory scale through the plasma driven electro-
reduction process. One of the studied slags had a composition of 13.8% CaO, 4.9%
CaF2, 36.4% Cr2O3, 6.9% Li2O and 38.0% SiO2. Two observations are significant in
this laboratory-scale study. The first was that the amount of Cr2O3 and FeO, which
were predominantly electronic conductors in the oxide melt, greatly affected the
conducting mechanism of the melt. With high concentrations of Cr2O3 and FeO in the
melt, the current efficiency was fairly low. In this case, chromium was found to be
slightly reduced due to electronic conducting mechanism. For example, with an
initial slag of 60% Cr2O3, no chromium was found reduced. With low concentrations
of Cr2O3 and FeO in the studied melt, typically no more than 30% Cr2O3, it was
observed that chromium was readily reduced due to the dominant ionic conducting
mechanism. The second observation was that the addition of SiO2 to the melt helped
to make the oxide melt more ionic, which was apparently desirable to the molten
oxide electrolysis. However, a high content of silica had a negative effect on the
fluidity of the melt. This was resolved by adding trace amounts of CaF2 to the
melt. Therefore, by judicious selection of oxide melt, refractory metal oxides
might be dissolved into it, and yet the melt itself retains the required ionicity.
A reverse-polarity DC-plasma-driven molten oxide electrolysis may prove to be a
viable alternative route for the extractive metallurgy of refractory metals.
C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Kroll Inst Extract Met, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO
80401 USA.
C3 Colorado School of Mines
RP Taylor, PR (corresponding author), Colorado Sch Mines, Kroll Inst Extract Met,
Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
CR [Anonymous], 1992, Extractive Metallurgy of Molybdenum
APELLAN D, 1986, INT METALS REV, V31, P77
BAAK T, 1954, ACTA CHEM SCAND, V8, P1727, DOI 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.08-1727
CHASE MW, 1998, J PHYSL CHEM REFEREN
DONAHUE RJ, 1990, Patent No. 4964973
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HABASHI F, 1997, HDB EXTRACTIVE METAL, V3, P1327
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Lassner Erik, 1998, TUNGSTEN PROPERTIES
MAMANTOV G, 1986, MOLTEN SALT CHEM INT, P419
RICHARDSON FD, 1958, PHYSL CHEM MELTS MET, V1, P104
RICHARDSON FD, 1974, PHYSL CHEM MELTS MET, V1, P60
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Taylor PR, 2002, PLASMA CHEM PLASMA P, V22, P387, DOI 10.1023/A:1015317116090
Taylor PR, 2001, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V53, P25, DOI 10.1007/s11837-001-0158-9
TURKDOGAN ET, 1983, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROP, P49
WANG WM, 2000, THESIS U IDAHO
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU SOC MINING METALLURGY EXPLORATION INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 8307 SHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0747-9182
J9 MINER METALL PROC
JI Miner. Metall. Process.
PD MAY
PY 2004
VL 21
IS 2
BP 103
EP 109
DI 10.1007/BF03403311
PG 7
GA 827QL
UT WOS:000221915400008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ghorab, HY
Rizk, M
Matter, A
Salama, AA
AF Ghorab, HY
Rizk, M
Matter, A
Salama, AA
TI Characterization and recycling of aluminum slag
SO POLYMER-PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 7th International Conference on Materials Science Discussing Recycling
and Reuse of Materials
CY 2002
CL Alexandria, EGYPT
AB The aluminum dross obtained from re-melting the scrap of the aluminum products
through the secondary manufacture process was supplied from Alumisr company,
Helwan, Egypt. The dross was analyzed chemically and mineralogically by means of X-
ray diffraction analysis and was found to be strongly heterogeneous. It was
classified into four classes varying according to the grain size distribution with
an average of 50 to 0.06 mm. The content of aluminum metal is found to be between
86 and 16% in the different classes. It is composed mainly of aluminum nitride,
aluminum oxide and spinel.
C1 Helwan Univ, Fac Sci, Cairo, Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Helwan University
RP Ghorab, HY (corresponding author), Helwan Univ, Fac Sci, Cairo, Egypt.
EM H_ghorab@hotmail.com
CR [Anonymous], 1961, QUANTITATIVE INORGAN
BECKMANN M, 1991, ALUMINUM DUESSELDORF, V67
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CULLITY BD, 1978, ELEMENTS XRD
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Heslop RB., 1976, INORGANIC CHEM GUIDE
JEFFERY PG, 1978, CHEM METHODS ROCK AN
King F., 1987, ALUMINUM ITS ALLOYS
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VANLANCKER M, 1990, J CRYST GROWTH
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NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 25
PU MARCEL DEKKER INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA
SN 0360-2559
J9 POLYM-PLAST TECHNOL
JI Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng.
PY 2004
VL 43
IS 6
BP 1663
EP 1673
DI 10.1081/PPT-200040005
PG 11
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 894KB
UT WOS:000226789100007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kanehashi, K
Hatakeyama, M
Saito, K
Matsumiya, T
AF Kanehashi, K
Hatakeyama, M
Saito, K
Matsumiya, T
TI Structural analysis of slag using multinuclear solid state NMR
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE slag; structural analysis; solid state NMR; F-19; Si-29; Al-27
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; ALUMINOSILICATE
GLASSES; QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; AL-27 NMR; MAS-NMR; SI-29; OXYGEN;
ALUMINUM; MELTS
AB A new approach to structural analysis of the slag has been proposed using
multinuclear solid state NMR that is capable of obtaining the structural
information of each element composing the slag such as Si and Al, and effective to
both crystalline and non-crystalline solid materials. In this study, we applied F-
19 (I = 1/2), Si-29 (I = 1/2) and Al-27 (I = 5/2) solid state NMR to two types of
steel-making slags, that differ in Al contents; 2.94 mass% (slag A) and 0.10 mass%
(slag B). Measurement of F-19 magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR enables to determine
which metal among Ca, Si and Al is directly bonded to F. In these slags, F was
found to be mainly coordinated by Ca. The state of SiO4 network (Q(n)) was
estimated by Si-29 MAS spectra. As the result, it was found that highly condensed
network of SiO4 tetrahedron such as Q(2), Q(3) and Q(4) does not exist in these
slag systems. In Al-27 NMR measurement, two-dimensional Al-27 multiple-quantum
magic-angle-spinning (MQMAS) NMR was applied which can average the second-order
quadrupolar interaction. Drastic improvement of spectral resolution at high field
(16.4 T) 5QMAS experiment clarified the existence of at least 11 chemical sites of
Al in slag A. From the above mentioned results, multinuclear solid state NMR is
proved to be a very effective method in characterization of the slag.
C1 Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Adv Technol Res Labs, Futtsu 2938511, Japan.
Nippon Steel Technores Corp, Standardizat Qual Assurance, Chiba, Japan.
Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Tech Dev Bur, Futtsu 2938511, Japan.
Corporation; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
RP Kanehashi, K (corresponding author), Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Adv Technol Res
Labs, Futtsu 2938511, Japan.
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NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
EI 1883-2954
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD OCT
PY 2003
VL 89
IS 10
BP 27
EP 33
PG 7
GA 729MD
UT WOS:000185776700005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XD
Sichen, D
Li, WC
Seetharaman, S
AF Wang, XD
Sichen, D
Li, WC
Seetharaman, S
TI Slag corrosion of gamma aluminium oxynitride
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-RELATIONS; SPINEL; ALON
AB Corrosion of gamma-aluminlum oxynitride (AlON) by CaO-MgO-"FeO"-Al2O3-SiO2 melts
corresponding to blast furnace slag was examined from 1693 to 1753 K under static
and forced convection conditions. An intermediate layer was observed between the
unreacted oxynitride and slag. After a certain time interval, the rate of the
growth of this layer was found to be equal to the rate of the dissolution of the
layer. Slag corrosion of NON is a strongly thermally activated process, the overall
activation energy being 1002 kJ/mol. The rate of corrosion was found to be
significantly enhanced by the addition of,,FeO".
C1 Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Royal Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Technol, Stockholm, Sweden.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Royal Institute of
Technology
RP Wang, XD (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem Met,
RI wang, xidong/B-7788-2013
CR Corbin N. D., 1989, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, V5, P143, DOI
10.1016/0955-2219(89)90030-7
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*VERL STAHL GMBH, 1995, SLAG ATLAS, P160
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10.1016/0955-2219(92)90089-V
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD MAR
PY 2002
VL 73
IS 3
BP 91
EP 96
DI 10.1002/srin.200200179
PG 6
GA 539PL
UT WOS:000174879600005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bannenberg, N
Bruckhaus, R
Lachmund, H
Schmitt, FJ
AF Bannenberg, N
Bruckhaus, R
Lachmund, H
Schmitt, FJ
TI Secondary metallurgical treatment for the production of plate steels
SO STAHL UND EISEN
LA German
CT Stahl 97 Annual Meeting
CY NOV 13, 1997
CL DUSSELDORF, GERMANY
ID STEELMAKING; NITROGEN
AB Objective. The present article sets out to show the secondary metallurgical
treatment possibilities necessary nowadays in a ladle tank degassing facility to
produce plate grades which have to satisfy the highest cleanness requirements. The
aim, essentially, is to illustrate the advantages of vacuum-treating the steel in
conjunction with a lime-saturated slag phase.
Summary. The levels of phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen
achievable while making optimum use of the proper plant and process routes are:
discussed. Phosphorus concentrations lower than 70 ppm are realisable only by
utilization of the heat from the exothermic reaction between oxygen and aluminium.
The use of a lime-saturated lime-alumina slag allows steel grades with sulphur
concentrations lower than 10 ppm to be produced. The degassing efficiency for
nitrogen and hydrogen as a function of the total amount of stirring gas and
treatment time is considered. It is described how the total oxygen concentration
develops during the steelmaking process; levels lower than 10 ppm in the final
product can be attained for continuous casting in vertical-bending lines where
bending takes place after complete solidification. A final operation that is
performed during the secondary metallurgical treatment is the addition of calcium
for inclusion shape control, which simultaneously helps to improve the castability.
C1 Aktiengesell Dillinger Huttenwerke, Forsch & Entwicklung Stahlerzeugung,
Dillingen, Germany.
RP Bannenberg, N (corresponding author), Aktiengesell Dillinger Huttenwerke, Forsch
& Entwicklung Stahlerzeugung, Dillingen, Germany.
CR BANNENBERG N, 1995, STAHL EISEN, V115, P89
BANNENBERG N, 1992, STAHL EISEN, V112, P57
BANNENBERG N, 1992, STEEL RES, V63, P431, DOI 10.1002/srin.199201737
BANNENBERG N, 1997, BERG HUTTENMANNISCHE, V142, P467
BANNENBERG N, 1995, P SCANINJECT 7, V1, P249
BANNENBERG N, 1996, TAG K 7 HOCHL 47 BER, P11
BANNENBERG N, 1994, REV METALLURGIC JUI, P1043
BERGMANN B, 1992, STAHL EISEN, V112, P83
BERGMANN B, 1991, STAHL EISEN, V111, P125
Harste K, 1997, STAHL EISEN, V117, P73
Neifer M, 1997, STAHL EISEN, V117, P55
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0340-4803
J9 STAHL EISEN
JI Stahl Eisen
PD JUL 15
PY 1998
VL 118
IS 7
BP 33
EP +
PG 5
GA 101KC
UT WOS:000074867300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Flores-Valdes, A
Hinojosa-SanMiguel, MA
Castillejos-Escobar, AH
Macias-Avila, E
Acosta-Gonzalez, FA
AF Flores-Valdes, A
Hinojosa-SanMiguel, MA
Castillejos-Escobar, AH
Macias-Avila, E
Acosta-Gonzalez, FA
BE Huglen, R
TI A comparative study on the efficiencies of Na2SiF6
and AlF3 for demagging molten aluminum by submerged powder
injection
LA English
CT Technical Session on Light Metals 1997, at the 126th TMS Annual Meeting
CY FEB 09-13, 1997
CL ORLANDO, FL
AB A comparative study on the efficiencies of Na2SiF6 and AIF(3) for demagging
molten aluminum by submerged powder injection is reported. Experimental trials
carried out at a scale of 250 Kg. molten metal furnace capacity showed that the
higher efficiencies, similar to 70 %, were attained by the use of the Na2SiF6
powders. Tile basic parameter to establish the comparison between the two demagging
agents was powder size, mantaining constant other important parameters, e.g.,
initial magnesium content, carrier gas now-to-powder flow ratio, pressure of tile
carrier gas, temperature of the bath, the dimensions of the reactor and the shape
and dimensions of the injection lance. The removal efficiency was monitored
analyzing the magnesium content in both tile metal and the slag. The fumes produced
were also analyzed, having found that the Na2SiF6 powders have the inconvenience of
giving place to the generation of highly toxic SIF4 fumes.
C1 IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo 25000, Coahuila,
Mexico.
C3 Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico
RP Flores-Valdes, A (corresponding author), IPN, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados,
Unidad Saltillo, POB 663, Saltillo 25000, Coahuila, Mexico.
RI flores, alfredo v/F-7976-2011; Acosta-Gonzalez, Francisco/Q-3802-2019
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-362-7
PY 1997
BP 879
EP 884
PG 4
Engineering
GA BK32P
UT WOS:000071821400129
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU LIU, XY
WIJK, O
SELIN, R
EDSTROM, JO
AF LIU, XY
WIJK, O
SELIN, R
EDSTROM, JO
TI PHOSPHORUS EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN BAO-BAF2-MNO FLUXES AND FERROMANGANESE
MELTS
SO STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-SATURATED IRON; SYSTEM; DEPHOSPHORIZATION; THERMODYNAMICS;
SOLUBILITY; STEELS; SULFUR; BAO
AB The equilibrium distribution ratio of phosphorus between BaO-BaF2-MnO slags and
Mn(82-73%)-Fe-C-sat-P melts has been determined for different slag compositions,
oxygen partial pressures and at 1573-1673 K. The results showed that with a certain
content of BaO in the slags, the phosphorus distribution ratio increased with
increasing oxygen partial pressure up to about 10(-17) atm. A high oxygen partial
pressure resulted in a substantial oxidation of manganese from metal to slag. The
phosphate capacity of BaO-BaF2-MnO slags increased with BaO content and decreased
with the MnO content in the investigated slag composition range.
A high temperature resulted in a low phosphorus distribution ratio. For a
BaO(50%)-BaF2(47%)-MnO(3%) slag, the effect of temperature on the phosphate
capacity in the range of 1573-1673 K could be expressed as:
[GRAPHICS]
ronger affinity for oxygen than aluminum did not increase the rate. SEM and X-
ray diffraction studies on the surfaces of CaO discs used to desulfurize carbon-
saturated Fe-S, and Fe-S-Si alloys showed that solid CaS, and solid CaS plus small
amount of solid 2 CaO . SiO2 compounds form on the limo surface, respectively. The
slow reaction rate with CaO is attributed to the solid reaction products which
block the reaction by preventing the occurrence of interfacial turbulence.
C1 AGA AB,BUSINESS AREA MET,LIDINGO,SWEDEN.
RP LIU, XY (corresponding author), ROYAL INST TECHNOL,DEPT MET,S-10044
STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN.
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10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.72.11_1685
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2916.1965.tb14709.x
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10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.71.6_693
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NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0177-4832
J9 STEEL RES
JI Steel Res.
PD MAR
PY 1995
VL 66
IS 3
BP 96
EP 102
DI 10.1002/srin.199501094
PG 7
GA QP436
UT WOS:A1995QP43600003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU MCFEATERS, LB
MOORE, JJ
WELCH, BJ
AF MCFEATERS, LB
MOORE, JJ
WELCH, BJ
TI SOLUBILITY OF NITROGEN IN LIQUID STEEL IN PLASMA INDUCTION REACTOR
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLTEN IRON; INTERFACIAL KINETICS; ABSORPTION; SLAGS; MELTS; DESORPTION;
SULFUR; ALLOYS; CARBON
AB A dc graphite plasma torch and refractory lined induction furnace equipped with
a porous plug were used to study the kinetics of nitrogen absorption and desorption
in molten steel. The experiments were conducted on undeoxidised melts and melts
deoxidised with aluminium. The addition of a BaO-TiO2 refining slag was shown to
either reduce the initial nitrogen contents by up to 80% or lead to an increase in
the nitrogen depending on the melt composition. The effectiveness of the slag was
found to be dependent on the amount of aluminium in the bath. Insufficient amounts
of aluminium resulted in nitrogen reversion to the bath. Argon and nitrogen were
used as both plasma and bubbling gases. Both straight, i.e. electrode cathode and
melt anode, and reversed polarity arcs were tested. Operating the arc in the
reversed polarity mode may result in aluminium reversion from the slag to the melt.
The results obtained in this work were used to clarify the mechanism of the
nitrogen reaction with liquid steel in the presence of a plasma arc. Nitrogen
absorption during nitrogen bubbling and nitrogen plasma gas treatment was found to
follow a second order relationship with nitrogen dissolved in the undeoxidised
melt, implying that the slow chemical reaction at the interface controlled the
reaction rate. Melts processed in the same conditions but deoxidised with aluminium
followed a first order relationship, indicating that mass transfer in the melt was
the rate limiting step. (C) 1993 The Institute of Materials.
C1 UNIV AUCKLAND,DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN,AUCKLAND,NEW ZEALAND.
C3 University of Auckland
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WARD RG, 1963, J IRON STEEL I, V201, P222
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 1993
VL 20
IS 4
BP 298
EP 306
PG 9
GA MA930
UT WOS:A1993MA93000015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Galuskin, E
Galuskina, I
AF Galuskin, Evgeny
Galuskina, Irina
TI Evidence of the anthropogenic origin of the 'Carmel sapphire' with
enigmatic super-reduced minerals
SO MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article; Early Access
DE Carmel sapphire; super-reduced minerals; osbornite; fused alumina waste;
anthropogenic genesis; Hatrurim Complex
ID CHROMITITE OREBODY; LUOBUSA OPHIOLITE; CORUNDUM; INCLUSIONS; CHONDRITE;
SILICON; TIBET; ROCKS; CHINA; MELTS
AB Corundum with inclusions of enigmatic super-reduced minerals was found in
mineral separates received as a result of alluvial sediment exploration near Mt
Carmel, Israel by the Shefa Yamim Company. This corundum, registered as 'Carmel
sapphireTM', has been an object of numerous publications by W. Griffin's scientific
team, in which they propose a questionable hypothesis of sapphire formation at the
crust-mantle boundary with the participation of CH4+H-2 fluids. Typically the
Carmel sapphire is in small fragments of breccia with white cement, which in the
opinion of Griffin et al. is a carbonate-cemented volcanic ash. Our investigation
of the 'white breccia' showed that it consists of unsorted angular fragments of
Carmel sapphire from similar to 1 mu m to 7 mm in size cemented by aluminium
hydroxides (bauxite) and is a waste product of the fused alumina process, i.e. it
has an anthropogenic origin. Phases typical for slags of fused alumina production
and metallurgical slags were identified in the 'white breccia'. Carmel sapphire has
numerous microscopic spherical inclusions of Si-Fe alloy indicating that the
removal of Si and Fe from the corundum melt occurred at a temperature > 2000
degrees. Osbornite, TiN, from Carmel sapphire has a chemical zonation
characteristic of osbornite from fused alumina with enrichment of central zones in
carbon. Comparison of the growth heterogeneity of Carmel sapphire and
'electrocorundum' indicates that the crystallisation of the corundum melt proceeded
in a similar way. Unfortunately, in the case of Carmel sapphire from the Carmel
locality, the contamination of geological samples with anthropogenic material has
led to popularisation of biased views.
C1 [Galuskin, Evgeny; Galuskina, Irina] Univ Siles, Inst Earth Sci, Fac Nat Sci,
Katowice, Poland.
RP Galuskin, E; Galuskina, I (corresponding author), Univ Siles, Inst Earth Sci,
Fac Nat Sci, Katowice, Poland.
EM evgeny.galuskin@us.edu.pl; irina.galuskina@us.edu.pl
OI Galuskina, Irina/0000-0001-9373-9274
FU National Science Center of Poland [2021/41/B/ST10/00130]
FX Investigations were supported by the National Science Center of Poland
Grant [grant number 2021/41/B/ST10/00130]. We are grateful to Prof. V.
Kahlenberg for a donated sample of slag with corundum. The authors thank
Sergey Britvin and Chris Ballhaus for their careful review that improved
the early version of the manuscript.
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NR 45
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC
PI TWICKENHAM
PA 12 BAYLIS MEWS, AMYAND PARK ROAD,, TWICKENHAM TW1 3HQ, MIDDLESEX,
ENGLAND
SN 0026-461X
EI 1471-8022
J9 MINERAL MAG
JI Mineral. Mag.
PD 2023 APR 19
PY 2023
AR PII S0026461X23000257
DI 10.1180/mgm.2023.25
EA APR 2023
PG 12
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA L3PG2
UT WOS:001022406500001
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZW
Ouyang, W
Wang, ZL
Zheng, RX
Bao, YP
Gu, C
AF Li, Zhiwei
Ouyang, Wei
Wang, Zhongliang
Zheng, Ruixuan
Bao, Yanping
Gu, Chao
TI Physical Simulation Study on Flow Field Characteristics of Molten Steel
in 70t Ladle Bottom Argon Blowing Process
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE physical simulation; flow field; 70t ladle; bottom blowing argon
ID NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; INCLUSION BEHAVIOR; GAS; SLAG; CLEANLINESS;
MODEL; ARRANGEMENT; TEMPERATURE; INTERFACE; INJECTION
AB In the LF refining process, argon blowing at the bottom of ladle can play an
important role in unifying the composition and temperature of molten steel and
removing inclusions. However, unreasonable bottom argon blowing process can also
cause many problems. Slag entrapment and slag surface exposure may occur, affecting
the steel quality. Since the working conditions of different enterprises are very
different, corresponding optimization is required for specific parameters. There
were some problems in 70t ladle of a steel plant, such as unclear control of bottom
argon blowing system in different refining periods, unobvious floating removal
effect of inclusions in ladle, high total oxygen content and large fluctuation,
etc. In this study, a 1:3 physical model was established according to the
similarity principle. Then, on this basis, the experimental schemes with different
blowing hole positions and argon flow rates were designed for simulation
experiments. By means of mixing time measurement, flow field display and oil film
measurement, the optimal argon blowing position was double holes 6, 12 (2/3R), and
the included angle between them was 135 degrees. The optimal argon flow rate for
wire feeding and soft blowing should be 7.6 L/min (corresponding to the actual
production of 180 L/min) and 0.6 L/min (corresponding to the actual production of
15 L/min), respectively. According to this scheme, the industrial experiments
showed that the contents of total oxygen and nitrogen in the whole process were
reduced, the surface density of inclusions in billet was reduced by 11.81% on
average, and calcium sulfide and various inclusions containing aluminum were
reduced to varying degrees.
C1 [Li, Zhiwei; Ouyang, Wei] Ningbo Iron & Steel Co Ltd, 168 Lingang Second Rd,
Ningbo 315807, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Zhongliang; Zheng, Ruixuan; Bao, Yanping; Gu, Chao] Univ Sci & Technol
Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Bao, YP; Gu, C (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
Adv Met, 30 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM baoyp@ustb.edu.cn; guchao@ustb.edu.cn
China, grant number 52174297.
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Yang W, 2013, STEEL RES INT, V84, P473, DOI 10.1002/srin.201200213
Yuan BH, 2022, METALS-BASEL, V12, DOI 10.3390/met12030434
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Zhang QY, 2006, ISIJ INT, V46, P1177, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.46.1177
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NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 13
U2 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 4
AR 639
DI 10.3390/met13040639
PG 14
Engineering
GA E7WC1
UT WOS:000977591800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chakravarty, S
Sikder, R
Haldar, P
Nandi, T
Sutradhar, G
AF Chakravarty, Soumyabrata
Sikder, Rakesh
Haldar, Partha
Nandi, Titas
Sutradhar, Goutam
TI Experimental investigation on feasibility of industrial waste to
resource conversion for cupola slag
SO RESULTS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Waste to resource; Waste management; Cupola slag; Composites; Casting
methods; Characterization
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; ABRASIVE
WEAR; FURNACE SLAG; CAST; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; REINFORCEMENT;
CONCRETE
AB Cupola slag, an industrial waste produced as by-product in producing cast iron.
Demand for cast iron is high consequently, there is significant slag formation.
These waste slags ends in landfill and pollutes the environment. Pollution due to
cupola slag can be reduced by conversion of waste to resource. In this work waste
slag has been analysed physically and chemically to understand its conversion
potential. An experimental attempt has been made to convert cupola slag to
reinforcement in aluminium metal matrix composite (AMC) for fabrication of economic
metal matrix composites by stir casting route. Experimental studies are designed to
observe the feasibility of waste to resource conversion along with effect of size
of reinforcement on the mechanical, physical and microstructural properties of
AMCs. The results indicate feasible conversion from waste to resource.
Microstructural studies baked by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental
mapping indicates uniform and successful inclusion of reinforcement in the matrix
of composites. The grains have been refined by the addition of slag particle in the
Al alloy matrix. Microhardness has been increased in composites when compared to
base alloy. Coarse (100 mu m) reinforcement particle composites are observed to
have better mechanical properties than that of fine (40 mu m) reinforcement
particles.
C1 [Chakravarty, Soumyabrata; Sikder, Rakesh; Nandi, Titas] Jadavpur Univ, Mech
Engn Dept, Kolkata 700032, India.
[Haldar, Partha] Govt Coll Engn & Ceram Technol, Mech Engn Dept, Kolkata 700010,
India.
[Sutradhar, Goutam] Natl Inst Technol, Imphal 795004, Manipur, India.
C3 Jadavpur University; National Institute of Technology (NIT System);
National Institute of Technology Manipur
RP Haldar, P (corresponding author), Govt Coll Engn & Ceram Technol, Mech Engn
Dept, Kolkata 700010, India.
EM partha.jumech@gmail.com
OI Haldar, Partha/0000-0002-0659-5100; Chakravarty,
Soumyabrata/0000-0002-3579-9161
FU Department of Science & Technology and Biotechnology, Government of West
Bengal
FX This study was funded by Department of Science & Technology and
Biotechnology, Government of West Bengal (Memo No.: 114 (Sanc.) /STBT -
11012 (16) /16/2021 - ST SEC dated 28.04.2022) sponsored project Reuse
of cupola slagan attempt for sustainable development of Jadavpur
University.
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NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2590-1230
J9 RESULTS ENG
JI Results Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 17
AR 100962
DI 10.1016/j.rineng.2023.100962
EA FEB 2023
PG 12
SC Engineering
GA 9N6SV
UT WOS:000943043600001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, ZQ
Lei, ZX
Ma, Y
Huang, ZW
Dang, XM
Xu, ZH
AF Guo, Zongqi
Lei, Zhongxing
Ma, Ying
Huang, Zhenwu
Dang, Xiaomei
Xu, Zhihua
TI Bonding phase formation in eco-friendly periclase-spinel-Al bricks used
in RH degassing process
LA English
DT Article
DE RH degasser; Periclase-spinel-Al brick; Microstructure; MgAlON whisker;
Aluminum particle
ID MGO-C REFRACTORIES; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; MICROSTRUCTURES; COMPOSITE;
MECHANISM; WHISKERS
AB Mere unburnt periclase-spinel-Al bricks have been accepted by steel mills in the
chromium-free campaign of the lining materials for Ruhrstahl - Heraeus (RH)
degassers, in terms of comparable/optimistic performance to traditional material,
low carbon emission due to unburnt manufacturing process and chromium-free material
for eco-friendly steel-making process. Investigations are made on the used
periclase-spinel-Al bricks for the thermal evolution of their components and the
formation of novel phase and bonding structure. Under the working at-mosphere of RH
degasser, metallic Al particles got molten above its melting point, leaving Al rim
around their circumference, and AlN formed in the gaseous state dispersing into
overall matrix of periclase-spinel-Al bricks with rising temperature. AlN formed
and Mg reduced in their gaseous state germinated MgAlON whisker initially in the
original space of metallic Al particles, and MgAlON whisker grew further all over
the matrix. A whisker-interwoven network has been full of the matrix behind the hot
face and toward the cold face of the used bricks, which is a completely novel type
of bond and distinguished from traditional ceramic one. The whisker-interwoven
network is somewhat like the stripe graphite containing microstructure of magnesia-
carbon brick, which results in low wettability and high flexibility. The superior
performance of periclase-spinel-Al bricks is attributed to such a bonding structure
of whisker-interwoven network, which could reduce slag penetration and facilitate
thermomechanical stress resistance.
C1 [Guo, Zongqi] Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
[Lei, Zhongxing; Xu, Zhihua] WISCO Refractories Co Ltd, Wuhan 430082, Peoples R
China.
[Ma, Ying] RHI Magnesita Dalian Co Ltd, Dalian 116600, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Zhenwu] Sinosteel Luoyang Inst Refractories Res, Luoyang 471039, Peoples
R China.
[Dang, Xiaomei] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
C3 Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology; Tsinghua University
RP Guo, ZQ (corresponding author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Xian 710055,
Peoples R China.
EM guozongqi@xauat.edu.cn
OI Guo, Zongqi/0000-0002-5321-2133
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NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0955-2219
EI 1873-619X
J9 J EUR CERAM SOC
PD JUN
PY 2023
VL 43
IS 6
BP 2663
EP 2674
EA FEB 2023
PG 12
GA C7TG3
UT WOS:000963892800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI Chemical Behaviour of Copper in the Application of Unconstrained
Cr-Ni-Al-Cu Metal Powders in Submerged Arc Welding: Gas Phase
Thermodynamics and 3D Slag SEM Evidence
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE pyrometallurgy; powder; nickel; chromium; copper; partial oxygen
pressure; aluminium deoxidiser; welding
ID ELEMENT TRANSFER; FLUX; CHEMISTRY
AB Unconstrained metal powders of Cu, Cr, Ni and Al were applied to submerged arc
welding (SAW) to clarify the chemical behaviour of copper in this modified SAW
process. Aluminium metal is avoided in SAW because it is easily oxidised. Excessive
aluminium oxides in the form of slag or inclusions in the weld metal will lead to
poor weld metal materials properties. Aluminium is an effective deoxidiser and can
be used to prevent Cr and Ni loss to the slag by preventing oxidation of these
metals. The results show that carbon steel was alloyed to 5.3% Cr, 5.3% Ni, 3.6% Al
and 5.2% Cu at 80% Cr yield, 81% Ni yield, 54% Al yield and 79% Cu yield. BSE
(backscattered electron) images of the three-dimensional (3D) post-weld slag sample
show 3D structures within the slag dome. The 3D structures contain features of
vapour formation and recondensation. In addition, nano-strands appear in the 3D
structures and confirm the vaporisation and recondensation of fluorides. The
chemical behaviour of copper metal powder added in SAW is to vaporise as metallic
copper and incorporate in the Al-Si-Mg-Ca-Mn-Fe-Cu-Na-Cr-Ni fluoride. Copper, in
combination with aluminium, has a stabiliser effect in SAW due to its formation of
an initial alloy melt of low liquidus temperature, thus decreasing the temperature
required to melt high-melting-point metals such as Cr into the weld pool. Although
Al and Cu have similar vapour pressures at specific temperatures, it appears that
Cu does not substitute for Al in the gas phase. Gas-slag-alloy thermochemical
equilibrium calculations confirm the partial oxygen pressure lowering effect of
aluminium and the vaporisation of copper as metallic copper with very little
copper-fluoride species expected to form. The quantity of metallic copper
vaporisation calculated in the gas-slag-alloy thermochemical equilibrium is much
higher than the vaporisation quantity measured in welding. This may be due to
recondensation of vaporised copper which is not accounted for in the equilibrium
calculation at the set arc cavity temperature, as well as the effect of surface-
active elements such as sulphur and oxygen in limiting the vaporisation reaction of
copper.
Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755
10.1080/08827508.2021.1945595
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NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD FEB
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 2
AR 351
DI 10.3390/pr11020351
PG 15
SC Engineering
GA 9L8DQ
UT WOS:000941775200001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wen, YP
Shu, QF
Lin, Y
Fabritius, T
AF Wen, Yongpeng
Shu, Qifeng
Lin, Yong
Fabritius, Timo
TI Effect of SiO2 Content and Mass Ratio of CaO to
Al2O3 on the Viscosity and Structure of
CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2</su
b> Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE mould fluxes; viscosity; structure; Raman spectroscopy; X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy
ID HIGH-AL STEEL; CAO-AL2O3-BASED MOLD FLUX; CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS;
VISCOUS BEHAVIOR; BORATE GLASSES; RAMAN; MELTS; B2O3; NMR;
ALUMINOSILICATE
AB The development of mold fluxes for continuous casting is one of major challenges
to produce high aluminum steel. The CaO-Al2O3-B2O3 based mold flux is one of the
potential candidates for casting high aluminum steel but its composition and
properties still need to be optimized. In this work, the effect of silica and mass
ratio of CaO to Al2O3 on the viscosity and structure of slag are studied. The
viscosity of CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 slag with varying SiO2 content (3%, 5%, and 7%)
and mass ratio of CaO to Al2O3 (0.8, 1, and 1.2) were measured by rotating cylinder
method at temperatures between 1 723 K and 1 873 K. It was found that the addition
of SiO2 leads to the increase of the slag viscosity and the activation energy
increases from 178.6 to 203.4 kJ/mol. In contrast, the increase of mass ratio of
CaO to Al2O3 will reduce the viscosity of slag and the activation energy decreases
from 227.1 to 191.0 kJ/mol. The structures of glassy CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 slags were
investigated by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Deconvolutions on Raman spectral reveal that silicon mainly exists as Q(0)(Si) and
Q1(Si) in glasses. According to deconvolution results of XPS, as SiO2 content in
glassy slag increases, the number of bridging oxygens increases, indicating a more
polymerized structure. In contrast, the increase of the ratio of CaO to Al2O3
contributes to the depolymerization of glassy slag. The structural variations with
different SiO2 contents and mass ratio of CaO to Al2O3 can be correlated to the
viscosity variation of slag.
C1 [Wen, Yongpeng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing,
Peoples R China.
[Shu, Qifeng; Fabritius, Timo] Univ Oulu, Proc Met Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.
[Lin, Yong] Chinese Acad Sci, Ganjiang Innovat Acad, Ganzhou, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Oulu; Chinese
Academy of Sciences
RP Shu, QF (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Proc Met Res Unit, Oulu, Finland.
EM qifeng.shu@oulu.fi
OI Lin, Yong/0009-0008-4479-841X
FU National science foundation of China [51774026]; Business Finland for
Towards Carbon Neutral Metals project (TOCANEM)
FX Financial supports from national science foundation of China (contract
no. 51774026) and Business Finland for Towards Carbon Neutral Metals
project (TOCANEM) are sincerely acknowledged.
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NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 11
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2023
VL 63
IS 1
BP 1
EP 9
PG 9
GA 8A7EY
UT WOS:000916399500001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chu, JH
Nian, Y
Zhang, LQ
Bao, YP
Ali, N
Zhang, CJ
Zhou, HW
AF Chu, Jianhua
Nian, Yi
Zhang, Liqiang
Bao, Yanping
Ali, Naqash
Zhang, Chaojie
Zhou, Hongwei
TI Formation, evolution and remove behavior of manganese-containing
inclusions in medium/high manganese steels
LA English
DT Article
DE Manganese-containing inclusions; Manganese content; Addition of
aluminium; Top slag; Inclusion removal
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; INTERFACIAL REACTION; MNS PRECIPITATION;
MECHANISM; FLUX
AB The effect of manganese content, aluminium content, top slag and stirring on
manganese-containing inclusions characteristics was investigated by laboratory
thermal experiments and precipitation thermodynamics calculation. The results
indicated that the types of manganese-containing inclusions in manganese steel were
mainly single MnS, MnS-Al2O3, MnS-TiN and MnS-Al2O3-TiN complex inclusions. The
morphology of manganese-containing inclusions was transformed from spherical and
ellipsoidal to polyhedral as result of manganese content increased, which is
attributed to large solidus-liquidus phase difference of high manganese steel,
promoting the formation of type III MnS. It is also found that the manganese-
containing inclusions shows irregular morphology with clear angularities after
addition of aluminium, which was determined by both formation of flaky AlN and type
III MnS with polygonal caused by increased of activity coefficient of S and the
surface tension of molten steel. Furthermore, the manganese-containing inclusions
in manganese steel is considered MnS-MnO type with top salg, in which patchy or
multipoint shape MnS is embedded on the surface of oxide. The force field analysis
in induction stirring demonstrated that the inclusion particles are removed by top
slag and refractory adsorption under the action of strong electromagnetic force and
buoyancy. This work provides an improved understanding for the controlling and
removing of manganese-containing inclusions in high quality medium/high manganese
steel.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access
article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-
nd/4.0/).
C1 [Chu, Jianhua; Nian, Yi; Zhang, Liqiang; Zhang, Chaojie] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch
Met Engn, Maanshan 243002, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Bao, Yanping] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Ali, Naqash; Zhou, Hongwei] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Maanshan
C3 Anhui University of Technology; University of Science & Technology
Beijing; Anhui University of Technology
RP Zhang, LQ (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met Engn, Maanshan
EM zhangsir508@163.com
RI Ali, Naqash/ABA-9261-2021
OI Ali, Naqash/0000-0003-4578-3769; liqiang, zhang/0000-0003-1432-3559;
Chu, Jianhua/0000-0001-5383-9721; Zhou, Hongwei/0000-0001-8284-1847
FX Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51874021) .
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TC 2
Z9 2
U1 14
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2023
VL 22
BP 1505
EP 1521
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.12.023
EA DEC 2022
PG 17
Engineering
GA E5IJ3
UT WOS:000975872700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wan, XX
Shi, CB
Huang, Y
Shu, QF
Zhao, Y
AF Wan, Xiuxiu
Shi, Chengbin
Huang, Yi
Shu, Qifeng
Zhao, Yu
TI Effect of SiO2 and BaO/CaO Mass Ratio on Structure and
Viscosity of B2O3-Containing
CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-Based Slag for
Electroslag Remelting of Rotor Steel
LA English
DT Article
ID SODIUM ALUMINOBORATE GLASSES; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE;
HIGH-RESOLUTION B-11; LOW-FLUORIDE SLAG; SILICATE-GLASSES; MOLD FLUXES;
CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS; ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; CALCIUM
ALUMINOSILICATE; BOROSILICATE GLASSES
AB The structure of 20 mass pct CaF2-CaO-Al2O3-based glasses with different SiO2
contents and BaO/CaO mass ratios were studied by Raman spectroscopy and MAS-NMR
spectroscopy. Aluminum exists exclusively as Al-IV species (mainly AlO4 and
secondly AlO3F). The relative fractions of Q(Si)1, Q(Si)(2)(1Al), Q(Si)(2) and
Q(Si)(3) structural units significantly increase at the expense of Q0SiQSi0 species
with increasing SiO2 content or BaO/CaO mass ratio, leading to enhanced
polymerization of aluminosilicate networks. Boron is present in three-coordinated
boron species (B-III), except for 1 to 2 pct of four-coordinated boron (B-IV) in
the glasses with 9.82 and 14.56 mass pct SiO2 or 8.62 mass pct BaO. B-III is mainly
orthoborate containing zero bridging oxygen, and the others are pyroborate with one
bridging oxygen. The relative fraction of orthoborate decreases and the relative
fraction of pyroborate increases with increasing the SiO2 content or BaO/CaO mass
ratio, bringing an increase in the polymerization of borates. The degree of
polymerization of both aluminosilicate networks and borate networks increases with
increasing the SiO2 content or BaO/CaO mass ratio. The viscosity of the slag
increases with increasing the SiO2 content due to increased polymerization degree
of the slag melts and bond strength of individual structural unit. The increase in
the viscosity with increasing the BaO/CaO mass ratio is dominated by enhanced
polymerization degree of the slag.
C1 [Wan, Xiuxiu; Shi, Chengbin; Huang, Yi; Zhao, Yu] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing
USTB, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Shu, Qifeng; Zhao, Yu] Univ Oulu, Proc Met Res Unit, Oulu 90014, Finland.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; University of Oulu
EM chengbin.shi@ustb.edu.cn; qifeng.shu@oulu.fi
RI Huang, Yi/ISR-9593-2023; Shi, Chengbin/J-1262-2016
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; [52074027]; [51874026];
[52274314]
FX AcknowledgmentsThe authors are grateful for support from the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52074027, 51874026 and
52274314).Conflict of interestOn behalf of all authors, the
corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
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NR 66
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 14
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2023
VL 54
IS 1
BP 465
EP 479
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02706-z
EA DEC 2022
PG 15
Engineering
GA M6DJ1
UT WOS:000899403100002
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YK
Lei, Y
Ma, WH
Ren, YS
AF Zhang, Yakun
Lei, Yun
Ma, Wenhui
Ren, Yongsheng
TI Simultaneous recycling of Si and Ti from diamond wire saw silicon powder
and Ti-bearing blast furnace slag via reduction smelting: An
investigation of the effects of refractories on recycling
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Waste recycling; Extraction and Separation; Refractories; Si reduction;
Si -Ti alloys
ID CORROSION BEHAVIOR; MGO REFRACTORIES; TITANIUM; AL2O3; SEPARATION;
VISCOSITY; RECOVERY; PRECIPITATION; DISSOLUTION; BASICITY
AB The industrial wastes diamond wire saw silicon powder (DWSSP) and Ti-bearing
blast furnace slag (TBFS) are important Si and Ti secondary resources,
respectively. During the industrial application of recycling DWSSP and TBFS via
reduction smelting, the refractories can dissolve into the molten slag, which can
change the composition of the slag and influence the extraction of Si and Ti.
Unfortunately, few studies on the reduction smelting of DWSSP and TBFS related to
refractories have been reported, making such studies urgently needed. Therefore,
the main purpose of this work was to reveal the dissolution mechanism of
refractories (alumina and magnesia bricks) and the effect of refractory dissolution
on Si-Ti alloy preparation. The results show that during the reduction smelting,
the dissolution of alumina and magnesia bricks changed from direct dissolution into
the molten slag to indirect dissolution, and the amount of magnesia bricks
dissolved was less than that of aluminum bricks. Al3+ (aluminum brick) entering the
slag could replace Si4+ in [SinO2n] to form [AlxSin-xO2n]x-, increasing the
viscosity of the slag. The O2- (magnesia brick) entering the slag could dissociate
[AlxSin-xO2n]x-, decreasing the viscosity of the slag. Therefore, compared with
alumina bricks, magnesia bricks can promote slag-alloy separation and improve the
extraction ratios of Ti and Si. In the case of magnesia bricks, the maximum
reduction ratio of TiO2 was 98.4 %, and the maximum extraction ratio of Si was 95.8
%. This work provides essential experimental data for the Si-Ti alloys prepared via
recycling DWSSP and TBFS.
C1 [Zhang, Yakun; Lei, Yun; Ma, Wenhui; Ren, Yongsheng] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol,
Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yakun; Lei, Yun; Ma, Wenhui; Ren, Yongsheng] Natl Engn Res Ctr Vacuum
Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Ma, Wenhui] Puer Univ, Puer 665000, Peoples R China.
C3 Kunming University of Science & Technology; Pu'er University
RP Lei, Y (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.; Lei, Y (corresponding author), Natl Engn
Res Ctr Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
EM leiyn2008@163.com
OI Zhang, Yakun/0000-0001-6885-2152
FU Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province; National
Natural Science Foundation of China; [202202AG050007]; [U1702251]
FX Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Science and Technology
Major Project of Yunnan Province [No. 202202AG050007] and the National
Natural Science Foundation of China [No. U1702251] .
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NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 15
U2 24
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
EI 1879-2456
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PD FEB 15
PY 2023
VL 157
BP 36
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.008
EA DEC 2022
PG 11
GA 7J8FB
UT WOS:000904818800006
PM 36521299
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Chen, CY
Hu, H
Yang, H
Sun, M
Jiang, ZH
AF Li, Yang
Chen, Changyong
Hu, Hao
Yang, Hao
Sun, Meng
Jiang, Zhouhua
TI Effect of Slag Adjustment on Inclusions and Mechanical Properties of
Si-Killed 55SiCr Spring Steel
SO CRYSTALS
LA English
DT Article
DE 55SiCr steel; spring steel; refining slag; non-metallic inclusions; high
temperature viscosity
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS;
VISCOSITY; STRENGTH; BASICITY; EQUILIBRIUM; EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM;
CAO-SIO2
AB The effects of the Al2O3 content and basicity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-10 wt.% MgO
refining slag on inclusions removal in 55SiCr spring steel were investigated. The
viscosity of slag was studied using a viscometer, while the microstructure
investigation involved using a water-quenching furnace and a Fourier-transform
infrared spectrometer. The influence mechanism of the slag adjustment on inclusions
was explored through thermodynamic calculations and kinetic analysis. The results
indicated that the viscosity of the molten slag increased gradually with the
content of Al2O3 increasing due to it increasing the degree of polymerization of
the slag network structure, especially the [AlO4](5-) and [Si-O-Si] structures. In
contrast, the viscosity of molten slag experienced the opposite pattern, with the
basicity of molten slag increasing. This was due to the fact that Ca2+ can
significantly reduce the degree of polymerization of a slag network structure,
especially the percentages of the [SiO4](4-), [AlO4](5-) and [Si-O-Si] network
structures. Finally, the changes in physical properties and structure of slag
significantly affected the removal effect of the inclusions in molten steel. As a
result, the number, size distribution, composition distribution and morphology of
the inclusions displayed significant changes when the content of Al2O3 increased
from 3 wt.% to 12 wt.% and the basicity of the slag gradually increased from 0.5 to
1.2.
C1 [Li, Yang; Chen, Changyong; Hu, Hao; Yang, Hao; Sun, Meng; Jiang, Zhouhua]
Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Dept Special Steel Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R
China.
RP Chen, CY; Jiang, ZH (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Dept
Special Steel Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM 1610456@stu.neu.edu.cn; jiangzh@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Chen, Changyong/0000-0001-8223-8968
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China; Transformation
Project of Major Scientific and Technological Achievements in Shenyang;
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;
[2016YFB0300105]; [Z17-5-003]; [N172507002]
FX The authors are grateful for the support from the National Key Research
and Development Program of China (grant no. 2016YFB0300105), the
Transformation Project of Major Scientific and Technological
Achievements in Shenyang (grant number Z17-5-003) and the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities (N172507002).
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NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 12
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2073-4352
J9 CRYSTALS
JI Crystals
PD DEC
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 12
AR 1721
DI 10.3390/cryst12121721
PG 22
GA 7D5AJ
UT WOS:000900502800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nayak, RK
Sadarang, J
Kumar, A
Sadarang, Jatin
Kumar, Amitesh
TI Development of Fe-Cr Slag mold for Al-Si Alloy (A356) Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE Sand mold; Fe-Cr slag; Silica sand; Sand casting; RSM; A356; Metal
casting
ID FERRO CHROME SLAG; SILICA SAND
AB The Indian foundry industries are facing problems to produce the casting at a
lower cost due to an increase in the cost of the raw materials. On the other hand,
the use of Fe-Cr slag as a mold material in foundry industries was not explored.
Therefore, the present investigation was focused on the designing and optimization
of Fe-Cr slag mold's constituents for Al-alloy (A356) castings. The optimum
properties of the Fe-Cr mold such as mold hardness number, permeability number,
compressive, and shear strength were found to be 87, 158, 1.45 kg/cm(2), and 0.38
kg/cm(2), respectively. Aluminum alloy (A356) castings were made from Fe-Cr slag
and silica sand mold. It was observed that Fe-Cr slag mold casting has good
dimensional stability in comparison to silica sand mold casting. The Brinell
hardness and microstructure of the castings were evaluated and a possible
structure-property relationship was explained. It was observed that Fe-Cr slag has
a lot of potentials to be used as an alternative to silica sand mold for Al-alloy
castings. However, its recyclability, production of required particle size of Fe-Cr
slag using atomization, and its cost need to be studied before recommending its use
in Indian foundry industries.
& Met Engn, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
[Kumar, Amitesh] Natl Inst Foundry & Forge Technol, Dept Foundry Technol,
Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Institute of Technology Bhopal; National Institute of Foundry & Forge
Technology
Engn, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
RI Kumar, Amitesh/GOV-6963-2022; Nayak, Ramesh kumar/N-2114-2017; Sadarang,
Jatin/JNR-6149-2023
OI Kumar, Amitesh/0000-0002-6914-4454; Nayak, Ramesh
kumar/0000-0002-4468-0912; SADARANG, JATIN/0000-0002-5365-736X
FU Advanced Manufacturing Technology program of the Department of Science &
Technology, Govt. of India [DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173]; RSB Metaltech, Pvt.
Ltd, Cuttack, India
Manufacturing Technology program of the Department of Science &
Technology, Govt. of India', for the financial support to carry out this
work (Grant No. DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173). Special thanks to RSB Metaltech,
Pvt. Ltd, Cuttack, India, for their support as an industrial partner.
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NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD JUL
PY 2023
VL 17
IS 3
BP 1661
EP 1672
DI 10.1007/s40962-022-00876-9
EA SEP 2022
PG 12
GA M8NS9
UT WOS:000857807400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, YC
Zhang, H
Zhao, HZ
Yu, J
Ma, JH
Feng, L
Liu, YL
AF Li, Yichong
Zhang, Han
Zhao, Huizhong
Yu, Jun
Ma, Jiuhong
Feng, Li
Liu, Yanli
TI Preparation and characterization of low-cost refractories for
aluminum-melting-furnace linings from ferrotitanium slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferrotitanium slag; Refractory; Calcium hexaaluminate; Molten cryolite
resistance
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITE; MECHANISM; TITANATE
AB Management and utilization of solid waste are necessary for sustainable
development in the metallurgical industry. This study focuses on the use of
ferrotitanium slag (FTS) as a low-cost source of hibonite in the refractory lining
of an aluminum-melting furnace. FTS enhances the resistance of castable samples to
cryolite melt penetration but reduces their bulk density and cold mechanical
strength. To explain this enhancement mechanism, we present a model in which the
Al2O3 and SiO2 components in the castable samples react with the cryolite melt to
form a high-viscosity barrier layer against the molten cryolite. Moreover, the
well-developed calcium hexaaluminate crystals in FTS, which show excellent
resistance against Na+ and F-, prevent the penetration of cryolite melt through the
FTS aggregate area, and reduce the penetration speed. By promoting high-efficiency
resource utilization, this study contributes to the development of a circular
economy in the metallurgical industry.
C1 [Li, Yichong; Zhang, Han; Zhao, Huizhong; Yu, Jun; Ma, Jiuhong] Wuhan Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
[Feng, Li; Liu, Yanli] Jinzhou Guotai Ind Co Ltd, Jinzhou 121000, Peoples R
China.
EM wustnano@163.com
FX This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(NO.51804233) .
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NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD OCT 1
PY 2022
VL 48
IS 19
BP 27448
EP 27455
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.06.035
EA AUG 2022
PN A
PG 8
GA 4Y2NW
UT WOS:000861367900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, H
Wang, JJ
Liu, X
Cao, X
Guo, QH
Yu, GS
AF Wu, Hao
Wang, Jiajian
Liu, Xia
Cao, Xi
Guo, Qinghua
Yu, Guangsuo
TI Effects of phosphorous-based additive on flow properties of high
silicon-aluminum coal ash
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Ash fusion temperatures; Slag viscosity; High -silicon -aluminum coal;
Gasification; Phosphorus
ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE ASH; FUSION-TEMPERATURE; SLAG VISCOSITY; P2O5 ADDITION;
BEHAVIOR; BIOMASS; GASIFICATION; COMBUSTION; RECOVERY; MELTS
AB Co-gasification with coal is a promising way to dispose the sewage sludge with
high phosphorus content, but the lack of data on the flow properties of phosphorus-
containing ashes and slags under reducing atmosphere limits the gasification of
this fuel. In this study, Ca3(PO4)2 was chosen as the phosphorus model compound of
sewage sludge and was added into one high-silicon-aluminum coal (Huainan, HN). Ash
fusion temperatures (AFTs) and viscosity-temperature properties of blends were
measured and the mechanism of effects of phosphorus were explored based on the
results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermodynamic software FactSage, Fourier
transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope with
energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). To eliminate the interference of calcium,
a phosphorus-free control group was set up with CaCO3 and the same tests were
conducted. The experimental and modelling results showed that phosphorus had a
significant fluxing effect on the fusion of coal ash by providing the initial
liquid phase and changing the main minerals. The effects of phosphorus on slag
viscosity were rather complex. At the temperature above 1530 degrees C,
phosphorusbearing slags had slightly higher viscosity values than phosphorus-free
slags due to the increased polymerization degree of the network structure. However,
at the cooling process, phosphorus restricted the crystallization in the slag and
decreased the viscosity values and the temperatures of critical viscosity (TCV). In
this paper, a suitable addition ratio of Ca3(PO4)2 for the slagging gasification of
HN coal was concluded.
C1 [Wu, Hao; Wang, Jiajian; Liu, Xia; Cao, Xi; Guo, Qinghua; Yu, Guangsuo] East
China Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Clean Coal Technol, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R
China.
[Yu, Guangsuo] Ningxia Univ, State Key Lab High Efficiency Utilizat Coal & Gree,
Yinchuan 750021, Peoples R China.
C3 East China University of Science & Technology; Ningxia University
RP Cao, X; Yu, GS (corresponding author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Clean
Coal Technol, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.; Yu, GS (corresponding author),
Ningxia Univ, State Key Lab High Efficiency Utilizat Coal & Gree, Yinchuan 750021,
Peoples R China.
EM xicao@ecust.edu.cn; gsyu@ecust.edu.cn
FU Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China [22108080]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Na-tional
Natural Science Foundation of China (22108080) .
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NR 37
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 328
AR 125238
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125238
EA JUL 2022
PG 10
GA 4X2GQ
UT WOS:000860666500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CY
Liu, YL
Xiao, Y
Yan, W
Li, GQ
AF Zhu, Chengyi
Liu, Yulong
Xiao, Ying
Yan, Wen
Li, Guangqiang
TI A New Review on Inclusion and Precipitate Control in Grain-Oriented
Silicon Steels
SO JOM
LA English
DT Review
ID SOLUBLE ALUMINUM CONTENT; SECONDARY RECRYSTALLIZATION;
MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL; GOSS TEXTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE;
NB; IMPROVEMENT; BEHAVIORS; SULFUR
AB The technological development and indexes of advanced specification grain-
oriented (GO) silicon steels are evaluated. The influences of inclusions and
precipitates on the magnetic properties of GO silicon steels are summarized. The
research progress on controlling inclusions and precipitates to improve the
properties of GO silicon steels is reviewed based on the current manufacturing
technology. The results indicate that impurity and inclusions can be efficiently
reduced by selecting a suitable deoxidizer, optimizing the refining slag
composition and smelting process. The precipitates are controlled by optimizing
composition design of inhibitor-forming elements or grain boundary segregation
elements, adjusting rolling and heat-treating operation conditions during the
manufacturing process. The problems existing in the manufacture process of GO
silicon steels are analyzed. The development trend of the GO silicon steels is
pointed out to provide a reference for low-cost manufacturing of advanced GO
silicon steels for manufacturing larger capacity, higher voltage, better energy-
saving and emission reduction transformers.
C1 [Zhu, Chengyi; Liu, Yulong; Xiao, Ying; Yan, Wen; Li, Guangqiang] Wuhan Univ Sci
& Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, 947 Heping Ave, Wuhan 430081, Peoples
R China.
[Zhu, Chengyi; Liu, Yulong; Xiao, Ying] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab
Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
[Li, Guangqiang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab New Proc
Ironmaking & Steelmak, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
Technology; Wuhan University of Science & Technology
RP Li, GQ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, 947 Heping Ave, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.; Li, GQ
(corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab New Proc
Ironmaking & Steelmak, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM liguangqiang@wust.edu.cn
RI Yan, Wen/A-4526-2012; Li, Guangqiang/HGE-8046-2022
OI Li, Guangqiang/0000-0002-4471-7439; ZHU, Chengyi/0000-0002-2919-5177
FX The authors appreciate this study's financial support from the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51674180, 51974214).
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NR 175
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 37
U2 74
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 74
IS 8
BP 3141
EP 3161
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05345-6
EA JUN 2022
PG 21
GA 3B4CT
UT WOS:000805713700002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, SY
Li, J
Yan, W
AF Shen-yang Song
Li, Jing
Yan, Wei
TI Reaction between molten steel and
CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-FetO slag
under varying amounts of converter carryover slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Carryover slag; Converter tapping; Aluminum deoxidation; Reaction
mechanism; Desulfurization; Inclusion
ID HIGH AL STEEL; MOLD FLUX; INCLUSIONS; KINETICS; AL2O3
AB Converter carryover slag during tapping has been a trouble for improvement of
steel quality. In order to give an insight into the action mechanism of carryover
slag on steel during tapping, a serious of molten steel-slag reaction experiments
was conducted to elucidate the reaction mechanism between 3% Al steel and CaO-SiO2-
MgO-Al2O3-FetO type slag at 1600 degrees C as well as its resulting effect on
cleanliness under varying amount of converter carryover slag was investigated in
laboratory. Composition evolutions in molten steel and slag during the reaction and
microstructure on the steel-slag interface were investigated by employing different
experimental techniques. 2[Al] + (Fe2O3) = 2[Fe] + (Al2O3) and 4[Al] + 3(SiO2) =
3[Si] + 2(Al2O3) were confirmed as a major reaction in the system. The initial
(Fe2O3) content in experiments increased from 3% to 15%. The results indicated the
metal-slag reaction tended to stable after about 10 min, the mass transfer of [Al]
in molten steel was the rate-controlling step [Al-s] was more prone to react with
(SiO2) for slags with initial (Fe2O3) less than 4.07%, but it reacted with both
(Fe2O3) and (SiO2) when (Fe2O3) content was more. It was therefore suitable
addition of Al alloy should take (SiO2) into consideration in addition to (Fe2O3)
and dissolved [O]. Increase of carryover slag amount represented by increase of
initial (Fe2O3) decreased the sulfur distribution but promoted the formation of MgO
center dot Al2O3 inclusion. The sulfur distribution ratio decreased from roughly
5000 to 2000 but the number density of inclusion increased from 22.125/mm(2) to
45.875/mm(2) with increase of initial (Fe2O3) from 3% to 15%. (c) 2022 The Authors.
Published by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Shen-yang Song; Li, Jing; Yan, Wei] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
RP Song, SY; Li, J; Yan, W (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
EM 657103886@qq.com; lijing@ustb.edu.cn; weiyan@ustb.edu.cn
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y
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD MAR-APR
PY 2022
VL 17
BP 1964
EP 1975
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.154
EA FEB 2022
PG 12
Engineering
GA 0I0UK
UT WOS:000779142900011
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, JB
Xiong, Y
Cao, FB
Qin, KL
Shen, XM
Liu, WM
Wu, XR
Wu, ZJ
AF Sun, Jingbo
Xiong, Ying
Cao, Fabin
Qin, Kailong
Shen, Xingmei
Liu, Weiming
Wu, Xingrong
Wu, Zhaojin
TI Sites occupancy of Eu2+/Mn2+ codoped
Ca2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(S
i1.5Al0.5)O7
 blue-green phosphors
SO OPTICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Luminescence; Phosphors; Melilite; Sites occupancy; Rare earth ions
ID LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES; ENERGY-TRANSFER; LEDS; EU2+; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
EMISSION; HOST
AB Ca-2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5)O-7:Eu2+/Mn2+ blue-green-emitting phosphors were
prepared through Eu ions doping, high-temperature melting, quenching in ice and
heat-treatment with the main component of high-aluminum blast furnace slag is
employed as the main raw material. The matrix structure and photoluminescence
performance were analyzed by XRD, PLE and PL spectra and luminescence thermal
stability. Through chemical unit substitution of [Mg2+-Si4+] for [Al3+(I)-Al3+(II)]
in Ca2Al(AlSi)O-7, the structure unit 1 (Mg2+ -> Al3+(I)) and structure unit 2
((Si4+ -> Al3+(II)) are formed in Ca-2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5)O-7 host matrix. Upon
excitation of 324 nm, the PL spectrum is a combination of blue-light and green-
light emission bands with peaks at 425 nm and 509 nm, attributed to the 5d-4f
transition of Eu2+ (I) and Eu2+ (II). The energy transfer (Eu2+(II) -> Eu2+(I)) is
promoted when doped concentration of Mn(2+ )is 0.1 mol% with the critical distance
is 7.83 angstrom. With the increasing heat-treatment temperature, the
photoluminescence intensities of the samples increase. When the heat-treatment
temperature is 975 degrees C, Delta E [Eu2+(I)] and Delta E [Eu2+(II)] of the
samples are 0.300 eV and 0.317 eV, respectively, indicating that the thermal
stability of the unit 2 corresponding to blue-emitting is stronger than that of the
unit 1 corresponding to green-emitting.
C1 [Sun, Jingbo; Xiong, Ying; Cao, Fabin; Qin, Kailong; Shen, Xingmei; Liu,
Weiming; Wu, Xingrong; Wu, Zhaojin] Anhui Univ Technol, Minstry Educ, Key Lab Met
Emiss Reduct & Resources Recycling An, Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Jingbo; Cao, Fabin; Liu, Weiming; Wu, Xingrong; Wu, Zhaojin] Anhui Univ
Technol, Anhui Prov Key Lab Met Engn & Resources Recycling, Maanshan 243002,
Peoples R China.
RP Cao, FB (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Minstry Educ, Key Lab Met
Emiss Reduct & Resources Recycling An, Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.
EM fbcao@ahut.edu.cn
OI CAO, fabin/0000-0003-1874-0587
FU Anhui Natural Science Foundation Project [1808085ME136]; National
Nat-ural Science Foundation of China Steel Joint Project [U1660105]
FX This work is financially supported by the Anhui Natural Science
Foundation Project (Grant No. 1808085ME136) and the National Nat-ural
Science Foundation of China Steel Joint Project (Grant No. U1660105) .
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NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0925-3467
EI 1873-1252
J9 OPT MATER
JI Opt. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 124
AR 112037
DI 10.1016/j.optmat.2022.112037
EA FEB 2022
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA YS5OR
UT WOS:000750726500005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
Yang, J
Zhang, XB
Wang, QQ
Wang, Q
He, SP
AF Chen, Yang
Yang, Jiang
Zhang, Xubin
Wang, Qiangqiang
Wang, Qian
He, Shengping
TI Amphoteric behavior of component and microstructure feature on
CaO-Al2O3-TiO2 ternary melt by
molecular dynamics simulation
SO COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Al2O3; TiO2; Molecular dynamics; Amphoteric behavior; Microstructure
ID STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES; LIQUID ALUMINA; VISCOSITY; GLASSES; SLAGS; RAMAN
AB Amphoteric oxides, Al2O3 and TiO2, are essential compositions in metallurgical
melts and have an important role in regulating slag performance. In this study, the
structural characteristics of the CaO-Al2O3-TiO(2 )ternary melt, such as local
structural order and particle coordination changes, are investigated by molecular
dynamics simulation. The effects of Al2O3 and TiO2 on the microstructure of various
melts and their role differences are analyzed. The results show that the amphoteric
behavior of TiO2 dominate with low titanium concentration ranging from 3 mol% to 18
mol%. It promotes the change of Al2O3 from acidic to alkaline. Meanwhile, the value
of (NBO/T) increases and the melt's viscosity decreases. In addition, the
amphoteric behavior of TiO2 dominate in the high titanium system, ranging from 52
mol% to 66 mol% of TiO2 concentration. It promotes the conversion of TiO2 to
alkaline. Meanwhile, the melt polymerization and viscosity are enhanced. As for the
'aluminum avoidance principle', it only applies to low-titanium system and invalid
in high-titanium system.
C1 [He, Shengping] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044, Peoples R
China.
EM heshp@cqu.edu.cn
51804057]; Fourth Period Science and Technology Key Project of Panxi
Experimental Area [1840STC30699]
National Natural Science Foundation of China (project no. 52074054,
51874057, and 51804057) and the Fourth Period Science and Technology Key
Project of Panxi Experimental Area (1840STC30699).
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DI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2022.111223
EA JAN 2022
PG 10
GA 0X8TR
UT WOS:000789973500009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nayak, RK
Sadarang, J
Sadarang, Jatin
TI A Study on the Suitability of Mahanadi Riverbed Sand as an Alternative
to Silica Sand for Indian Foundry Industries
SO CURRENT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Silica sand; Mahanadi riverbed sand; Response surface methodology; Sand
casting; A356 alloy
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; A356 ALLOY CASTINGS; FE-CR SLAG;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FLY-ASH; MOLDING SAND; GREEN; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The availability of silica sand is diminishing and as a result, the price of
silica sand increasing. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the suitability of
local riverbed sand for nonferrous alloy casting in Indian foundries. The present
investigation focuses on the suitability of Mahanadi Riverbed Sand (MRS) for
nonferrous alloy casting. The sand particle size, chemical composition, density,
and fusion point, are evaluated and found suitable for nonferrous alloy casting.
The mold ingredients are designed and optimized through the design of the
experiment and response surface methodology, respectively. It is found that 11.5
wt.% of bentonite clay, 5 wt.% of moisture, and 3.5 wt.% of coal dust is suitable
to achieve the desire sand mold properties. The fusion point of MRS shows that it
is not suitable for ferrous casting. Therefore, aluminum alloy (A356) casting is
performed using MRS and silica sand mold. The as-cast surface roughness (R-a),
hardness, and microstructures of A356 alloy casting are evaluated and compared
between MRS and silica sand mold castings. It is observed that the mechanical
properties of MRS mold casting are better than silica sand mold casting and may be
used as an alternative to silica sand for aluminum alloy casting in Indian foundry
industries.
& Met Engn, Bhopal, MP, India.
Engn, Bhopal, MP, India.
EM rameshkumarnayak@gmail.com
RI Nayak, Ramesh kumar/N-2114-2017; Sadarang, Jatin/JNR-6149-2023
OI Nayak, Ramesh kumar/0000-0002-4468-0912; SADARANG,
JATIN/0000-0002-5365-736X
FU Advanced Manufacturing Technology program of Department of Science and
Technology, Govt. of India [DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173]
Manufacturing Technology program of Department of Science and
Technology, Govt. of India,' for the financial support to carry out this
work (Grant No. DST/TDT/AMT/2017/173). Special thanks to RSB Metaltech,
Pvt. Ltd, Cuttack, India, for their support as an industrial partner to
develop an alternate source of silica sand for Indian foundry
industries.
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NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 17
PU INDIAN ACAD SCIENCES
PI BANGALORE
PA C V RAMAN AVENUE, SADASHIVANAGAR, P B #8005, BANGALORE 560 080, INDIA
SN 0011-3891
J9 CURR SCI INDIA
JI Curr. Sci.
PD FEB 25
PY 2022
VL 122
IS 4
BP 376
EP 376
DI 10.1007/s12666-021-02472-7
EA JAN 2022
PG 1
GA ZI3QA
UT WOS:000742810200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kudyba, A
Safarian, J
AF Kudyba, Artur
Safarian, Jafar
TI Manganese and Aluminium Recovery from Ferromanganese Slag and Al White
Dross by a High Temperature Smelting-Reduction Process
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminothermic reduction; Al dross; FeMn; ferromanganese slag; white
dross
ID BLACK DROSS; EXTRACTION; ALLOYS
AB The recovery of Mn and Al from two industrial waste of ferromanganese and
aluminum production processes was investigated via implementing a high temperature
smelting-aluminothermic reduction process. The experiments were carried out with or
without CaO flux addition, and two dross qualities. It was observed that the
prepared mixtures of the materials yield homogeneous metal and slag products in
terms of chemical composition and the distribution of phases. However, the
separation of produced metal phase from the slag at elevated temperatures occurs
when a higher amount of CaO is added. Viscosity calculations and equilibrium study
indicated that the better metal and slag separation is obtained when the produced
slag has lower viscosity and lower liquidus. It was found that the process yields
Al-Mn-Si alloys, and it is accompanied with complete recovery of Mn, Si and Fe and
the unreacted Al in the process. Moreover, the quality of metal product was less
dependent on the slightly different dross quality, and the concentration of minor
Ca in metal is slightly increased with significant increase of CaO in the slag
phase.
[Kudyba, Artur] Krakow Inst Technol, Lukasiewicz Res Network, Ctr Mat Res,
Zakopianska 73 Str, PL-30418 Krakow, Poland.
Sci & Engn, Alfred Getz Vei 2, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.; Kudyba, A (corresponding
author), Krakow Inst Technol, Lukasiewicz Res Network, Ctr Mat Res, Zakopianska 73
Str, PL-30418 Krakow, Poland.
EM artur.kudyba@kit.lukasiewicz.gov.pl; jafar.safarian@ntnu.no
OI Safarian, Jafar/0000-0003-3584-8581
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10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.068
10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.06.016
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[10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.423, DOI 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.11.423]
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NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 21
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JAN
PY 2022
VL 15
IS 2
AR 405
DI 10.3390/ma15020405
PG 15
Physics
GA ZE5AW
UT WOS:000758896600001
PM 35057123
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kalisz, D
Zak, PL
Semiryagin, S
Gerasin, S
AF Kalisz, Dorota
Zak, Pawel L.
Semiryagin, Sergey
Gerasin, Sergey
TI Evolution of Chemical Composition and Modeling of Growth Nonmetallic
Inclusions in Steel Containing Yttrium
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE steel; refining; non-metallic inclusions; yttrium; computer simulation
ID EQUILIBRIA; ADDITIONS; OXYGEN
AB The programs WYK_Stal and Bi-Growth, developed at AGH-UST, Krakow, Poland, were
used for simulating the refining process, the formation of non-metallic inclusions,
and their growth. The Fe-Y-Al-O-S-Ca system in pre-oxidized steel was analyzed,
where yttrium formed precipitates from both O and S. When first Al and second Y
were added to steel, the proportion of Al2O3 inclusions remained constant. This
resulted in higher yttrium losses for oxide formation, whereas the sulfur content
promoted sulfide phase formation. The introduction of yttrium at the end of
refining contributed to reducing the consumption of this element in the non-
metallic phase formation. The addition of aluminum and then calcium were sufficient
to achieve a high degree of deoxidation and desulfurization. Calculations performed
with WYK_Stal for both (a) and (c) versions of the model showed that the sulfide
phase was constituted by CaS and FeS (model c) and CaS (model (a)). The
participation of the calcium sulfide phase turned out to be dominant in the
inclusions. Their presence was also identified in the slag phase. Simulations of
the growth of complex oxide and oxo-sulfide inclusions using the Bi_Growth program
showed that the yttrium content of the steel has a decisive role in the formation
of complex oxide inclusions and the final oxygen content of the steel. In contrast,
for the growth of oxide-sulfide inclusions, the character of growth is determined
by the sulfur content of steel.
C1 [Kalisz, Dorota; Zak, Pawel L.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Foundry Engn, Al A
Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Semiryagin, Sergey; Gerasin, Sergey] LLC Tech Univ Metinvest Polytech, 71a
Sechenova Str, UA-87524 Mariupol, Ukraine.
C3 AGH University of Krakow
RP Kalisz, D (corresponding author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Foundry Engn, Al A
Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
EM dak@agh.edu.pl; pawelzak@agh.edu.pl; nipkidongtu@gmail.com;
sergii.gerasin@gmail.com
OI Zak, Pawel/0000-0001-8414-6442; SEMIRAGIN, SERGEI
VLADIMIROVIC/0000-0002-8733-3216; Kalisz, Dorota/0000-0002-0776-9037
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NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 23
AR 7113
DI 10.3390/ma14237113
PG 19
Physics
GA XW1IH
UT WOS:000735381300001
PM 34885267
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, D
Pan, P
Wang, DY
Hu, SY
Wang, HH
Zhang, GG
AF Hou, Dong
Pan, Peng
Wang, Deyong
Hu, Shaoyan
Wang, Huihua
Zhang, Ganggang
TI Study on the Melting Temperature of
CaF2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-TiO2 Slag
under the Condition of a Fixed Ratio of Titanium and Aluminum in the
Steel during the Electroslag Remelting Process
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag remelting; melting temperature of slag; steel containing
titanium; thermodynamics; phase diagram
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; OXIDATION-KINETICS; ALLOYING ELEMENTS
AB During the process of electroslag remelting (ESR) of steel containing titanium
and aluminum, the activity ratio between titania and alumina in CaF2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-
TiO2 slag must be fixed in order to guarantee the titanium and aluminum contents in
the ESR ingots. Under the condition of fixed activity ratio between titania and
alumina in the slag, the melting temperature of slag should be investigated to
improve the surface quality of ESR ingots. Therefore, this paper focuses on finding
a kind of slag with low melting temperature that can be used for producing steel
containing titanium. In the current study, the thermodynamic equilibrium of 3[Ti] +
2(Al2O3) = 4[Al] + 3(TiO2) between SUS321 steel and the two slag systems
(CaF2:MgO:CaO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 46:4:25:(25 - x):x and CaF2:MgO:CaO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 46:4:
(25 - 0.5 x):(25 - 0.5 x):x) are studied in an electrical resistance furnace based
on Factsage software. After obtaining the equilibrium slag with fixed activity
ratio between titania and alumina, the melting temperatures of the two slag systems
are studied using slag melting experimental measurements and phase diagrams. The
results show that the slag systems CaF2:MgO:CaO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 46:4:25:(25 - x):x,
which consists of pre-melted slag S0 (CaF2:MgO:CaO:Al2O3 = 46:4:25:25) and pre-
melted slag F1 (CaF2:MgO:CaO:TiO2 = 46:4:25:25), can not only control the aluminum
and titanium contents in steel, but also have the desired low melting temperature
property.
C1 [Hou, Dong; Pan, Peng; Wang, Deyong; Hu, Shaoyan; Wang, Huihua] Soochow Univ,
Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215000, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Ganggang] Capital Normal Univ, Digital Campus, Beijing 100000, Peoples R
China.
C3 Soochow University - China; Capital Normal University
RP Hu, SY; Wang, HH (corresponding author), Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou
EM houdong0702@suda.edu.cn; panpengxy@163.com; dywang@suda.edu.cn;
syhu616@suda.edu.cn; hhwang@suda.edu.cn; zgg@cnu.edu.cn
RI Pan, Feng/IXN-2297-2023; Hu, Shaoyan/ADO-4995-2022
OI Hu, Shaoyan/0000-0003-1285-9499
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [U1908224, 51804205,
U1860205, 51874203, 52104337]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province [BK20200869]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
[2020M681709]
FX FundingThis project is supported by National Nature Science Foundation
of China with grant No. U1908224, 51804205, U1860205, 51874203 and
52104337. This project is also supported by Natural Science Foundation
of Jiangsu Province with grant No. BK20200869 and China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation with grant No. 2020M681709.
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147
148
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NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 37
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 14
IS 20
AR 6047
DI 10.3390/ma14206047
PG 10
Physics
GA WS5WU
UT WOS:000715251800001
PM 34683635
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ju, JT
Zhu, ZH
Yang, KS
Ji, GH
An, JL
Shi, CB
AF Ju Jiantao
Zhu Zhihong
Yang Kangshuai
Ji Guangheng
An Jialiang
Shi Chengbin
TI Control of Al and Ti Contents During Electroslag Remelting of
High-Temperature Ni-based Alloys
SO RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag remelting; Al; Ti content; thermodynamics; IMCT; kinetics
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; THERMODYNAMIC MODEL; OXIDATION-KINETICS; SLAG
COMPOSITION; INCOLOY 825; TITANIUM; ALUMINUM; ELEMENTS; BEHAVIOR;
MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The oxidation of Al and Ti in the electroslag remelting process causes an uneven
axial composition of the electroslag ingot, which adversely affects its
performance, including corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. To control
the uniformity of Al and Ti content in electroslag ingots, it is necessary to
clarify the change in Al and Ti content during the high-temperature electroslag
remelting and to reduce the oxidation of Al and Ti in the alloy by optimizing the
slag system ratio and smelting conditions. The research status of Al and Ti element
control in the electroslag remelting process was reviewed based on the existing
literature, taking the low-fluorine slag CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 -MgO-TiO2 and Incoloy 825
alloy as examples. The ion and molecular coexistence theory of slag (IMCT) was used
along with FactSage software to summarize the thermodynamic and kinetic research
methods. The effects of temperature and components of slag on the equilibrium Al
and Ti contents in the alloy were discussed. Based on the film-penetration theory,
a kinetics model for predicting Al and Ti contents in the alloy was proposed, and
the mathematical equation of the Al and Ti contents vs time in the electroslag
process and the slag-metal reaction rate-limiting method were obtained. Results
show that the optimum TiO2 addition during the electroslag remelting for Incoloy
825 alloy is determined to be approximately 10%. The slag-metal equilibrium
experimental results were compared and analyzed using IMCT and FactSage. It is
found that the FactSage calculation results are more accurate than the IMCT
calculation results. The higher the TiO2 content, the smaller the deviation between
the calculated and experimental results.
C1 [Ju Jiantao; Zhu Zhihong; Yang Kangshuai; Ji Guangheng; An Jialiang] Xian Univ
Architecture & Technol, Sch Met Engn, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
[Ju Jiantao; Zhu Zhihong; Yang Kangshuai; Ji Guangheng; An Jialiang] Met Engn
Technol Res Ctr Shaanxi Prov, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
[Shi Chengbin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
C3 Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology; University of Science &
Technology Beijing
RP Ju, JT (corresponding author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Met Engn,
Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
EM jujiantao_0033@163.com
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
FX National Natural Science Foundation of China (51774225)
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9
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 25
PU NORTHWEST INST NONFERROUS METAL RESEARCH
PI SHAANXI
PA C/O RARE METAL MATERIAL ENGINEERING PRESS, PO BOX 51, XIAN, SHAANXI
710016, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1002-185X
J9 RARE METAL MAT ENG
JI Rare Metal Mat. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2021
VL 50
IS 10
BP 3550
EP 3561
PG 12
Engineering
GA WT6JS
UT WOS:000715969500017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Oh, MK
Park, JH
AF Oh, Min Kyo
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Effect of Industrial Waste Fluxes (Red Mud and White Mud) on
Dephosphorization and Refractory Corrosion: Applications to Electric Arc
Furnace Process Using Direct Reduced Iron
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOSPHORUS DISTRIBUTION; INTERFACIAL REACTION; PHOSPHATE CAPACITY; MGO
SOLUBILITY; MOLTEN STEEL; HOT METAL; SLAGS; DISSOLUTION; CARBON; CAO
AB The effect of industrial waste flux addition on dephosphorization of molten
steel and refractory corrosion(-protection) by electric arc furnace (EAF) slag
using direct reduced iron (DRI) at 1823 K (1550 degrees C) was investigated. The
activity of CaO and FeO is the thermodynamic driving force for dephosphorization,
but it decreased with the use of DRI due to increased SiO2 content in the slag.
Industrial waste fluxes were added to the slag to minimize refractory corrosion and
improve dephosphorization efficiency. Red mud (RM) and white mud (WM), which are
generated in the process of manufacturing aluminum hydroxide from bauxite using the
Bayer process, were used as fluxing materials. The RM and WM mainly consist of
Fe2O3 and CaO, respectively, and these positively affect the dephosphorization.
Dephosphorization efficiency increased as industrial waste fluxes addition
increased (3 to 7 mass pct). At the same time, the effect of industrial waste
fluxes on the refractory corrosion-protection behavior was confirmed by considering
the change in thickness of the magnesiowustite (MW) layer that formed at the
interface between the 'FeO-rich' EAF slag and the magnesia refractory. Experimental
results confirmed that 3 to 4 mass pct WM addition in the slag can compensate for
the dephosphorization efficiency while minimizing the refractory corrosion in the
EAF process using 20 pct DRI as an alternative iron source.
C1 [Oh, Min Kyo; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan
15588, South Korea.
RP Oh, MK (corresponding author), Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan
15588, South Korea.
FU Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT) [P0002019]; Korea
Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) -
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE), Korea [20212010100060];
Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT)
[20212010100060] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology
(NTIS)
FX This work was supported by the Competency Development Program for
Industry Specialists from the Korea Institute for Advancement of
Technology (KIAT, Grant Number P0002019) and the Korea Institute of
Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP, Grant Number
20212010100060), funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy
(MOTIE), Korea.
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NR 74
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 6
BP 3583
EP 3595
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02313-4
EA SEP 2021
PG 13
Engineering
GA XE9TD
UT WOS:000695467300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, YC
Shen, FM
Zheng, HY
Wang, S
Jiang, X
Gao, QJ
AF Guo, Yongchun
Shen, Fengman
Zheng, Haiyan
Wang, Shuo
Jiang, Xin
Gao, Qiangjian
TI Desulfurization Ability of Blast Furnace Slag Containing High
Al2O3 at 1773 K
SO CRYSTALS
LA English
DT Article
DE slag; B(w(CaO); w(SiO2)); w(MgO); w(Al2O3); desulfurization ability;
sulfur distribution ratio(Ls); FT-IR
ID SULFIDE CAPACITY; HOT METAL; RATIO
AB With the consumption of high-quality iron ore resources, the grade of iron ore
raw used in the iron making process has gradually decreased. The high aluminum raw
materials has led to an increase in the Al2O3 content in the blast furnace slag,
which has affected the normal operation of the blast furnace. The activity of the
components involved in the desulfurization reaction is an important factor
affecting the desulfurization process. In this paper, the effects of
B(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)) and w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) on the desulfurization ability of a CaO-SiO2-
MgO-Al2O3 quaternary blast furnace slag system were studied by using a double-layer
graphite crucible to simulate the process of molten iron dropping through the slag
at 1773 K. The desulfurization reaction mechanism of high alumina blast furnace
slag is explained from the aspects of slag structure and component activity, which
provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection of a slag making system
under the condition of a high alumina content. The effects of different B and
w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) on the slag structure 2343 analyzed by Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results show that when w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) = 0.50 and
w(Al2O3) = 20%, the desulfurization ability and MgO activity of slag increased with
the increase of B; when w(Al2O3) = 20% and B = 1.30, the desulfurization ability
and MgO activity of the slag increased with the increase of w(MgO)/w(Al2O3). The
FT-IR analysis showed that with the increase of B or w(MgO)/w(Al2O3), the
dissociated free oxygen ions (O2-) in the slag increased, and the dissociated free
oxygen ions (O2-) interacted with the bridging oxygen (O-0) of silicate, which made
the complex Si-O structure in the slag gradually depolymerize and increase the
desulfurization ability.
C1 [Guo, Yongchun; Shen, Fengman; Zheng, Haiyan; Wang, Shuo; Jiang, Xin; Gao,
Qiangjian] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Shen, FM (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM 1910546@stu.neu.edu.cn; shenfm@mail.neu.edu.cn; zhenghy@smm.neu.edu.cn;
1971424@stu.neu.edu.cn; jiangx@smm.neu.edu.cn; gaoqj@mail.neu.edu.cn
OI Zheng, Haiyan/0000-0001-8454-8521
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC51774071,
NSFC52074072, NSFC51974073, NSFC52074074, NSFC52074086]
FX This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC51774071, NSFC52074072, NSFC51974073,
NSFC52074074, and NSFC52074086).
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NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 29
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2073-4352
J9 CRYSTALS
JI Crystals
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 8
AR 910
DI 10.3390/cryst11080910
PG 13
GA UF7XZ
UT WOS:000688784900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Piva, SPT
Pistorius, PC
AF Piva, Stephano P. T.
Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan
TI Aluminum-Free Steelmaking: Desulfurization and Nonmetallic Inclusion
Evolution of Si-Killed Steel in Contact with
CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MgO Slag
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking; slag; kinetics; clean steel; nonmetallic inclusions; ladle
treatment
ID LIQUID-IRON; AL; THERMODYNAMICS; DEOXIDATION; MODEL
AB In some applications, deep desulfurization and deoxidation of steels without the
use of aluminum are required, using Si as a deoxidant instead, with double-
saturated slags in the CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MgO system. This work studied the
desulfurization and nonmetallic inclusion evolution for the system using an
induction furnace and compared the results with FactSage kinetic simulations. Steel
samples were taken from the steel melt and analyzed with ICP-MS and combustion
analysis for chemistry, and SEM/EDS for nonmetallic inclusion quantity, size, and
composition. The results indicate that the steel was deeply desulfurized, with a
final sulfur partition coefficient of 580; MgO was reduced from the slag, yielding
dissolved [Mg] that transformed liquid Mn-silicate inclusions into forsterite and
MgO. Intentional reoxidation of the melt with oxidized electrolytic iron
demonstrated a significant concentration of dissolved [Mg] in the steel, by the
formation of additional forsterite and MgO upon reoxidation.
C1 [Piva, Stephano P. T.; Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM stephanopiva@gmail.com; pistorius@cmu.edu
OI Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan/0000-0002-2966-1879
FU Materials Characterization Facility at Carnegie Mellon University
[MCF-677785]; CAPES [BEX 13379/13-5]
FX Support of this work by the industrial members of the Center for Iron
and Steelmaking Research is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge the
use of the Materials Characterization Facility at Carnegie Mellon
University supported by Grant MCF-677785. Financial support of Stephano
P. T. Piva by CAPES under the process BEX 13379/13-5-Doutorado
Pleno/Ciencia Sem Fronteiras is gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD AUG
PY 2021
VL 9
IS 8
AR 1258
DI 10.3390/pr9081258
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA UH3RY
UT WOS:000689853800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, XY
Zhang, L
Zhang, LF
Ren, Q
Qu, XH
AF Gao, Xiaoyong
Zhang, Lin
Zhang, Lifeng
Ren, Qiang
Qu, Xuanhui
TI Transfer of rare earth to alloy and inclusion during slag-metal reaction
LA English
DT Article
DE rare-earth oxide; Ce content; slag-metal reaction; inclusion
ID CERIUM; STEEL; EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM; YTTRIUM
AB Rare earth metal transfer from slag to alloy and inclusion was investigated by
slag-metal reaction method. Rare earth oxide (CeO2) employed in the refining slags
was used a sample case. The results show that direct application of rare earth
oxide in the slag is an alternative to traditional way which uses pure rare earth
metal or rare-earth ferrous alloy to add rare earth in an alloy. Slag-metal
reaction method proves to be an effective way to improve the rare earth transfer
from slags to alloys with high content of Al. The content of Ce in the alloy
increased with the increasing CeO2/Al2O3 mass ratio of the slag. As the Ce
concentration of molten alloy increased from 0 to 105 ppm, the Al2O3 type inclusion
was changed into cerium oxide, cerium sulfide and cerium oxy-sulfide inclusions. In
addition, the morphology of inclusions was transformed from irregular to near
spherical. Finally, the mechanism was discussed by thermodynamic analysis.
C1 [Gao, Xiaoyong; Ren, Qiang] Yanshan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004,
[Zhang, Lin; Qu, Xuanhui] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv Mat & Technol,
Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Mat Genome Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
C3 Yanshan University; University of Science & Technology Beijing; Yanshan
University
RP Gao, XY (corresponding author), Yanshan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004,
EM gaoxiaoyong@ysu.edu.cn
RI Qu, Xuanhui/J-6839-2014
OI Qu, Xuanhui/0000-0002-2943-3008
FU Natural Science and Technology Major Project [2017-VI-0014-0086];
Natural Science Foundation of China [51974029, 52074032]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-GF-20-27B,
FRF-BD-20-23A]; S&T Program of Hebei [20311004D, 20311005D, 20311006D,
20591001D]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan University; Hebei
Innovation Center of the Development and Application of High Quality
Steel Materials; Hebei International Research Center of Advanced and
Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials
FX This work is financially supported by Natural Science and Technology
Major Project (2017-VI-0014-0086), Natural Science Foundation of China
(51974029, 52074032), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (FRF-GF-20-27B, FRF-BD-20-23A), and S&T Program of Hebei
(Grant No.20311004D, 20311005D, 20311006D, 20591001D). The authors are
grateful for the support from the High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials.
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NR 22
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 11
U2 56
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD JUL 29
PY 2021
VL 118
IS 4
AR 414
DI 10.1051/metal/2021057
PG 6
GA TU2HA
UT WOS:000680859800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, TJ
Kim, BC
Sohn, I
AF Park, Tae Jun
Kim, Byong Chul
Sohn, Il
TI Effect of Bonding Area Formation During Sintering on the Reaction
Characteristics of Iron Ores
LA English
DT Article
DE iron ores; reactions; reactivity indices; sintering
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; STEELMAKING SLAGS; SILICO-FERRITE; ALUMINUM
SFCA; CALCIUM; MELT
AB This study aims to understand the effect of sintering at 1623 K on the reaction
characteristics of iron ores. By investigating the reaction characteristics of nine
different iron ores with disparate properties, new reactivity indices including the
iron ore reactivity index (IRI) and iron ore blending reactivity index (IBRI)
independent of the sample size are derived based on the melt penetration depth of
preformed cubicalironore tablets. Furthermore, the effect of sintering on the
reactivity of iron ore is also identified. Using a rapid heating/cooling infrared
furnace equipment, duplicate iron ore reaction tests are conducted to increase the
reproducibility of the results. The case of a high IBRI in the sintering process
increases the product yield and average particle size of the sinter. When the IBRI
increases by 0.1, the product yield increases by 0.4% and the average size of the
sintered ore increases by 0.1 mm. The results show that the degree of reaction
between iron ore and additives can be estimated during the iron ore blending step
and be easily applied in managing commercial-scale sinter production and quality.
C1 [Park, Tae Jun; Kim, Byong Chul] Hyundai Steel Co, R&D Amp Ctr, 1480 Bukbusaneop
Ro, Dangjin Si, Chungnam, South Korea.
[Park, Tae Jun] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources KIGAM, Resources Utilizat
Res Ctr, Daejeon 34132, South Korea.
[Sohn, Il] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South
Korea.
C3 Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM); Yonsei
University
RP Sohn, I (corresponding author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro,
RI SOHN, IL/I-5815-2012
OI Park, Tae Jun/0000-0002-5830-1039
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9740-5
Wu SL, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P2469, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-1059-9
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NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 21
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD NOV
PY 2021
VL 92
IS 11
AR 2100206
DI 10.1002/srin.202100206
EA JUL 2021
PG 7
GA WQ3NK
UT WOS:000668838600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Raviraj, A
Kourra, N
Williams, MA
Abbel, G
Davis, C
Tiekink, W
Sridhar, S
Spooner, S
AF Raviraj, Akalya
Kourra, Nadia
Williams, Mark A.
Abbel, Gert
Davis, Claire
Tiekink, Wouter
Spooner, Stephen
TI The Spontaneous Emulsification of Entrained Inclusions During Casting of
High Aluminum Steels
LA English
DT Article
AB Mold slag entrainment during the continuous casting process presents a late
stage source of non-metallic inclusions (NMI) with a high likelihood of ending up
in the final product. The reaction between the entrained slag phase and surrounding
liquid steel in the continuous casting mold affects the inclusion morphology and
properties. However, there is a lack of information on the kinetics of the NMI-
steel reaction. A novel approach, utilizing controlled synthetic inclusion/metal
samples, has been developed to study the reactions between free inclusion-slag
droplets and steel. The technique combines High-Temperature Confocal Scanning Laser
Microscopy (HT-CSLM), X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) and advanced electron
microscopy techniques offering rapid controlled heating performance and extensive
characterization of the samples. This method offers the ability to observe the
size, shape and composition of an unconstrained reacting inclusion and to
investigate the interface between the materials with respect to reaction time. This
study interrogates a low aluminum steel (0.04 wt pct) and a high aluminum steel (1
wt pct) in contact with an inclusion-slag phase with a starting composition aligned
to a typical mold slag. It was found that the reaction between silica and aluminum
across the interface of the two phases provided a driving force for spontaneous
emulsification to occur. Products of such emulsification will have a significant
effect on the inclusion size distribution and potentially the prevalence of
inclusion retention in molten steels solidifying in the continuous caster (for
example if emulsified buoyancy forces are reduced to near zero) and hence in the
subsequent solid product.
C1 [Raviraj, Akalya; Kourra, Nadia; Williams, Mark A.; Davis, Claire; Spooner,
Stephen] Univ Warwick, WMG, AMMC, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Abbel, Gert; Tiekink, Wouter] Tata Steel R&D, Wenckebachstr 1, NL-1951 JZ
Velsen Noord, Netherlands.
[Sridhar, Seetharaman] Colorado Sch Mines, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401
USA.
C3 University of Warwick; Colorado School of Mines
RP Raviraj, A (corresponding author), Univ Warwick, WMG, AMMC, Coventry CV4 7AL, W
Midlands, England.
EM a.raviraj@warwick.ac.uk
FU EPSRC via the EngD scheme; Tata Steel Europe via the EngD scheme
FX I would like to thank EPSRC and Tata Steel Europe for funding this
research via the EngD scheme, to WMG for the provision of facilities and
to Tata Steel Europe for providing the samples used in this study.
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0023-2
Schart, 2015, IRON STEEL TECHNOLOG
Shannon G, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V495, P310, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2007.09.087
0136(95)02002-4
Wang B.X., 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P852
Yan W, 2016, ADVANCES IN MOLTEN SLAGS, FLUXES, AND SALTS, P279
Zhang L, 2003, P 24 NAT STEELM S MO, P138
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2021
VL 52
IS 2
BP 1154
EP 1163
DI 10.1007/s11663-021-02091-z
EA FEB 2021
PG 10
Engineering
GA RI7MS
UT WOS:000620475600004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, LF
Liu, K
Han, P
Yang, B
Feng, LH
AF Chen, Lifeng
Liu, Kun
Han, Peng
Yang, Bin
Feng, Lianghua
TI Calculation and Analysis of the Structure and Viscosity of
B2O3-Regulated
CaO-Al2O3-Based Mold Fluxes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; HIGH-AL STEEL; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES;
HIGH-STRENGTH; SLAG; CAO-SIO2; LI2O
AB The high content of aluminum in the steel reacts with the CaO-Si2O-based mold
fluxes, resulting in deterioration of the mold slag physical and chemical
properties, which cannot be applied to the continuous casting molten slag casting
process of high-Mn high-Al steel Herein, the thermodynamic and structural
properties of low-reactivity CaO-Al2O3-based mold fluxes were investigated. The
thermodynamic properties were studied based on the first principles of quantum
mechanics. The results show that the formation of stable structures of B-O and O-B-
O in the mold fluxes was beneficial to reduce the probability of structural
interconnection, degree of polymerization, and viscosity of the molten slag. The
increase in the ratio of CaO/Al2O3 = 0.88-2 led to an increase in the O2-
concentration. O2- entered the [AlO4] structure to form a stable structure of
[AlO6] and [AlO5], wherein [AlO6] was more stable than [AlO5], reducing the degree
of polymerization of the network structure. When cosolvent content B2O3 = 2%-10%, a
simple layered structure of [BO3] was formed, and the particle migration
resistance, break temperature, and viscous activation energy of the mold fluxes
were reduced, while the corrected optical basicity of mold fluxes was gradually
increased.
C1 [Chen, Lifeng; Liu, Kun; Han, Peng; Yang, Bin; Feng, Lianghua] Univ Sci &
Technol Liaoning, Sch Met & Mat, Anshan 114000, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, K (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Sch Met & Mat,
EM chenlifeng@ustl.edu.cn; liukun@ustl.edu.cn; hunpeng@ustl.edu.cn;
yangbin@ustl.edu.cn; fenglianghua@ustl.edu.cn
RI Chen, Lifeng/JJE-7359-2023
OI chen, lifeng/0000-0003-0725-8250
FU National Key R&D Project of China [2017YFC0805100]; Science and
Technology Projects of Liaoning Province [2018307003, 2017-01-04]; State
Key Laboratory of Metallic Materials for Offshore Equipment and
Applications
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by National
Key R&D Project of China (no. 2017YFC0805100) and Science and Technology
Projects of Liaoning Province (no. 2018307003). The project (no.
2017-01-04) was supported by the State Key Laboratory of Metallic
Materials for Offshore Equipment and Applications.
CR Belashchenko D.K., 1997, RUSS CHEM REV+, V66, P733, DOI
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7037(96)00053-1
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10.3103/S0967091219090055
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10.1016/j.actamat.2012.07.018
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NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 11
PU HINDAWI LTD
PI LONDON
PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, W1T 5HF, ENGLAND
SN 2090-9063
EI 2090-9071
J9 J CHEM-NY
JI J. Chem.
PD NOV 12
PY 2020
VL 2020
AR 8844392
DI 10.1155/2020/8844392
PG 10
SC Chemistry
GA PA5AJ
UT WOS:000595648100002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, SW
Guo, X
Wang, YJ
Wu, GL
Lyu, S
AF Wu, Shangwen
Guo, Xu
Wang, Yanjing
Wu, Guangliang
Lyu, Sha
TI Laboratory Study on Evolution Mechanism of Nonmetallic Inclusions in
Al-deoxidized Spring Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Inclusions; Evolution mechanism; Refractory; Aluminum deoxidization
ID SPINEL INCLUSIONS; ALLOYED STEEL; LADLE GLAZE; DISSOLUTION; SLAG;
THERMODYNAMICS; KINETICS; BEHAVIOR
AB To explore the effect of refractory on the evolution of inclusions, laboratory
experiments were conducted with MgO refractory utilizing electron probe X-ray
microanalysis. Based on primary inclusions components, six types of inclusions were
observed in the steel with MgO refractory: Al2O3, Al2O3-MgO, Al2O3-CaO, Al2O3-MgO-
CaO, Al2O3-SiO2-CaO, and MgO inclusions. Al(2)O(3)and Al2O3-MgO inclusions were the
primary inclusions and mainly attributed to deoxidization products, with liquidus
temperature exceeding 1600 degrees C. Al2O3-MgO-CaO inclusions resulted from
coalescence between MgO and Al2O3-CaO inclusions as well as reduction of Al2O3-CaO
by dissolved Mg. Dual-phase Al2O3-MgO-CaO inclusions were characterized by pure MgO
cores surrounded by liquidus Al2O3-CaO layer, which was related to the substitution
of dissolved Ca and Al in molten steel for MgO in inclusions.
C1 [Wu, Shangwen; Wu, Guangliang] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
[Wang, Yanjing; Lyu, Sha] Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
[Guo, Xu] Hebei Agr Univ, Baoding 071066, Peoples R China.
C3 Central South University; Southern University of Science & Technology;
Hebei Agricultural University
RP Lyu, S (corresponding author), Southern Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM lus@sustech.edu.cn
CR [Anonymous], 1996, ISIJ INT
Chi YG, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P440, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-1150-2
Connolly HC, 2003, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V67, P4429, DOI 10.1016/S0016-
7037(00)00271-0
Kimura S, 2001, METALL MATER TRANS B, V32, P79, DOI 10.1007/s11663-001-0010-1
Kong LZ, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P1444, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1223-x
Lee JW, 2003, J MATER SCI, V38, P713, DOI 10.1023/A:1021892411067
Li JZ, 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V47, P2386, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0687-9
Lowe J, 1995, CLEAN STEEL
Luo HW, 2001, SCAND J METALL, V30, P212, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0692.2001.300403.x
Lyu S, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P2205, DOI 10.1007/s11663-019-01644-7
Lyu S, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P732, DOI 10.1007/s11663-019-01505-3
Pierard J, 1998, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V25, P374
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Wang DY, 2012, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V358, P1196, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.02.014
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 28
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0972-2815
EI 0975-1645
PD NOV
PY 2020
VL 73
IS 11
BP 2807
EP 2816
DI 10.1007/s12666-020-02067-8
EA SEP 2020
PG 10
GA OI9KA
UT WOS:000569549400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, DL
Zhao, L
Shen, XJ
Wang, HZ
AF Li Dong-ling
Zhao Lei
Shen Xue-jing
Wang Hai-zhou
TI Study of Inclusion Characterization Method in IF Steel Based on the
Spark Source Original Position Statistic Distribution Analytical
Technology
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE Inclusion; Spark source original position statistic distribution
analytical technique; IF steel; Size distribution; Slab surface
AB IF steel has been widely used in the field of automobile and appliance panel
with the strict demand for surface quality. The existence of inclusion will greatly
affect the surface quality and the performance of cold rolled sheet of IF steel. It
is necessary for the IF slab to get rid of the surface layer contained a lot of
inclusions. Because of the different manufacturing technology, there is a lot of
uncertainty about the quantity, composition, and size distribution of inclusions in
the surface of IF steel which is influenced by somereasons, such as
insufficientfloating of the inclusions under the process of cast starting and slag
involvement by pool level fluctuation under the acceleration process of the
continuous casting machine. It is very important for the discovery of inclusion
distribution rulein different depth beneath the surface of IF steel slab,
identification of suitable cutting thickness in the slab surface and the inclusion
control in a crystallizer to study the inclusion distribution characterization
method in detail. Metal original position statistical distribution analytical
technique can be used for the determination of inclusion content and size
distribution within a large scale of the section by the high-speed data acquisition
and analysis of spectrum signals excited by spark discharge with the mode of no
pre-spark and continuous excitation on the scanning process. In this paper, the
abnormal discharge behavior of inclusions in IF steel has been investigated and the
suitable reference material of particle size distribution for IF steel was
developed. The relationship of the abnormal spectrum signals produced by Al element
with the size distribution of oxide inclusion was also discussed based on the spark
source original position statistic distribution analytical technique combined with
scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrum. It was found that the
linear correlation coefficient of the binary linear regression equation between the
net intensity of the abnormal signal of inclusion components and the particle size
of inclusion was good with the value above 0. 99. So the inclusion characterization
method of composition, content and size distribution in IF steel based on the spark
source original position statistic distribution analytical technology has been
developed. The variation rule of inclusion composition, content and size
distributionin the depth of 0-3 mm beneath the surface of IF steel outer arc has
been studied. It was found that the inclusion in IF steel consisted of two kinds of
inclusions. One is the single inclusion of aluminum oxide produced in the
deoxidization process. The other is the complex inclusion of AL, CA and Si produced
by the slab involvement. The inclusion content in the depth of 0. 5 and 1. 0 mm
beneath the surface was lower than the content from the depth of 1. 5 to 2. 5 mm
beneath the surface. There were more complex inclusion of Al and Ca with a larger
average particle size existed indepth from 1. 5 to 2. 5 mm beneath the surface, and
the particle size decreased when the depth beneath the surface increase to 3 mm. It
is of great importance for the technicalguidance of IF steelmanufacturing.
C1 [Li Dong-ling; Zhao Lei] NCS Testing Technol Co Ltd, Beijing 100081, Peoples R
China.
[Li Dong-ling; Zhao Lei; Shen Xue-jing; Wang Hai-zhou] Beijing Key Lab Met Mat
Characterizat, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Shen Xue-jing; Wang Hai-zhou] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
RP Li, DL (corresponding author), NCS Testing Technol Co Ltd, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.; Li, DL (corresponding author), Beijing Key Lab Met Mat
Characterizat, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM lidongling@ncschina.com
RI Zhao, Lei/AAR-8105-2020
OI Zhao, Lei/0000-0001-9914-0385
CR Hsu CC, 2014, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V939, P11, DOI
Li DL, 2019, SPECTROSC SPECT ANAL, V39, P14, DOI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-
0593(2019)01-0014-06
Li DL, 2014, ISIJ INT, V54, P160, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.54.160
LIU Jun-shan, 2018, SPECIAL STEEL, V39, P51
[罗倩华 Luo Qianhua], 2015, [冶金分析, Metallurgical Analysis], V35, P1
TANG Ping, 2016, STEELMAKING, V32, P73
TIAN En-hua, 2014, STEELMAKING, V30, P59
XIAO Peng-cheng, 2018, STEELMAKING, V34, P67
[苑鹏 Yuan Peng], 2016, [钢铁研究学报, Journal of Iron and Steel Research], V28,
P27
Zhang Q, 2018, RILEM BOOKSER, V15, P70, DOI 10.1007/978-94-024-1194-2_8
[张婷婷 Zhang Tingting], 2017, [冶金分析, Metallurgical Analysis], V37, P6
[赵成林 Zhao Chenglin], 2017, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V52, P42
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 12
PI BEIJING
SN 1000-0593
PD JUN
PY 2020
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1710
EP 1715
DI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2020)06-1710-06
PG 6
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA MF4LG
UT WOS:000545315300009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JL
Lai, FF
Yao, W
Hu, LW
Liu, QC
AF Li, Jiangling
Lai, Feifei
Yao, Wen
Hu, Liwen
Liu, Qingcai
TI Effects of the cooling rate on the crystallization behaviors of the
CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-CaF2</su
b>-based mold flux
SO CRYSTENGCOMM
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-AL STEEL; MORPHOLOGY; KINETICS; MELT
AB In the casting of steel, the crystallization behavior of the mold flux has an
important effect on the cast quality. A new type of CaO-Al2O3-B2O3-CaF2-based mold
flux for high aluminum steel casting has been designed. The effects of the cooling
rate on the crystallization behavior were investigated using confocal scanning
laser microscopy (CSLM) and a high temperature tube furnace. The Ca3B2O6 and
Ca12Al14O33 crystals precipitated at cooling rates of 1, 5 and 20 degrees C min(-
1). The primary crystal morphology of Ca12Al14O33 gradually changed from an
irregular massive block shape to a moderate faceted shape, as the cooling rate
increased from 1 to 20 degrees C min(-1). The morphology of the Ca3B2O6 crystals
also transformed from a large dendritic shape into a small faceted shape, and their
size gradually decreased with increasing cooling rate. The glassy phase also
increased with increasing cooling rate. Ca12Al14O33 showed four different
morphologies at cooling rates ranging from 1 to 800 degrees C min(-1): faceted
shape, block-shape with fine stripes, large sheet with cloudy dendrites, and
dendrites. The crystallization temperature decreased from 1177.3 to 894.1 degrees C
as the cooling rate increased from 30 to 500 degrees C min(-1). The crystallization
mechanism of Ca12Al14O33 was deduced to be surface crystallization for the present
slag.
C1 [Li, Jiangling; Lai, Feifei; Yao, Wen; Hu, Liwen; Liu, Qingcai] Chongqing Univ,
[Li, Jiangling; Lai, Feifei; Yao, Wen; Hu, Liwen; Liu, Qingcai] Chongqing Univ,
China.
RP Li, JL; Hu, LW (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
Chongqing 400094, Peoples R China.; Li, JL; Hu, LW (corresponding author),
Chongqing Univ, Chongqing Key Lab Vanadium Titanium Met & New Mat, Chongqing 40004,
Peoples R China.
EM lijiangling@cqu.edu.cn; liwenhuustb@163.com
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [51704050, 51774054]; Fundamental
and Frontier Research Project of Chongqing [cstc2018jcyjAX0791]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M612905, 2018T110944]
FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China
(51704050 and 51774054); the Fundamental and Frontier Research Project
of Chongqing (cstc2018jcyjAX0791) and the China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (2017M612905 and 2018T110944).
CR Cho JW, 2013, ISIJ INT, V53, P62, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.53.62
Du G, 2017, STEEL RES INT, V88, DOI 10.1002/srin.201600185
Gao YX, 2019, MATERIALS, V12, DOI 10.3390/ma12020206
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.03.038
Kölbl N, 2011, J MATER SCI, V46, P6248, DOI 10.1007/s10853-011-5552-2
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Orrling C., 2000, IRON STEELMAKER, V27, P53
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 25
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1466-8033
J9 CRYSTENGCOMM
JI Crystengcomm
PD MAR 28
PY 2020
VL 22
IS 12
BP 2158
EP 2165
DI 10.1039/c9ce01931f
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA LB3FM
UT WOS:000524523300004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ovcharenko, PG
Kuz'minykh, EV
Lad'yanov, VI
AF Ovcharenko, P. G.
Kuz'minykh, E., V
Lad'yanov, V., I
TI Interaction of a Nonstick Corundum Coating with Iron-Carbon Melts under
Lost-Foam Casting Conditions
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE nonstick coating; corundum; iron-carbon melts; thermodynamic
calculations; lost-foam casting
AB The interaction of iron-carbon melts with a corundum-based nonstick coating at
the steelmaking temperatures (1600-1700 degrees C) is thermodynamically calculated
with allowance for the specific features of lost-foam casting (LFC). The melts of
St10 and U8 steels and SCh15 cast iron with oxygen and aluminum contents [O] =
0.001% and [Al] = 0.02%, respectively, are studied. To estimate the interaction of
corundum with the iron-carbon melt, we consider the dissolution of the coating in a
metal, its reduction by the melt components (carbon, silicon), and its interaction
with dissolved oxygen. As a result, of calculations, the boundary aluminum
concentration in a melt [Al] above which corundum can be dissolved and reduced is
determined. At a high degree of melt oxidation ([O] > 0.05% at 1600 degrees C),
oxygen can pass from a metal to the nonstick coating in the form of FeO and form
hercynite and liquid FeO-Al2O3 slags. During LFC, casting molds of foamed
polystyrene undergo destruction induced by the heat energy of the melt; as a
result, a gas-vapor phase forms and is removed through pores in the nonstick
coating to the base material. The reactions of interaction of corundum with the
gas-vapor phase components are analyzed to estimate the influence of this phase on
the nonstick coating.
C1 [Ovcharenko, P. G.; Kuz'minykh, E., V; Lad'yanov, V., I] Russian Acad Sci,
Udmurt Fed Res Ctr, Ural Branch, Izhevsk, Russia.
C3 Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences
RP Ovcharenko, PG (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Udmurt Fed Res Ctr,
Ural Branch, Izhevsk, Russia.
EM ovcpg@yandex.ru
RI Овчаренко, Павел/AAN-8568-2020; Lad`yanov, Vladimir/G-3908-2016
OI Lad`yanov, Vladimir/0000-0002-7751-1007
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NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC
PI MOSCOW
PA PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC, MOSCOW, 00000, RUSSIA
SN 0036-0295
EI 1555-6255
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PD FEB
PY 2020
VL 2020
IS 2
BP 115
EP 120
DI 10.1134/S003602952002010X
PG 6
GA KV9ZA
UT WOS:000520832000007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vidhyasagar, M
Balachandran, G
AF Vidhyasagar, M.
Balachandran, G.
TI An Assessment of Ladle Furnace Steel-making Reactions in an
Aluminium-Killed 38MnS6 Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE 38MnS6; Steel-making reaction; Thermo-kinetics; Deoxidation;
Desulphurisation; Vacuum degassing; Stirring; Inclusion formation
ID NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; THERMODYNAMICS; CARBON
AB Aluminium-killed medium carbon-manganese-resulphurised microalloyed steels such
as the 38MnS6 and 38MnVS6 are popular in automotive forgings. The present study
explores the steel-making process, which can improve the product quality. The
reactions at the secondary steel-making stages: tapping the steel, ladle alloying,
vacuum degassing, post-degassing, and casting were assessed. The effectiveness of
the steel-making reactions deoxidation, desulphurisation, degassing, refractory
melt interactions, and inclusion formation was examined. The type of inclusions
[micro-inclusion and macro-inclusion] formed and the origin of the inclusions were
examined in steel before vacuum degassing, after vacuum degassing, and after
deformation. The effect of gas stirring on refining reactions and inclusion removal
was assessed. The slag-metal interactions were examined at every stage of
processing and the alloying elemental behaviour during the steel making was
assessed. The behaviour of the process at every stage of steel making was brought
out.
C1 [Vidhyasagar, M.; Balachandran, G.] JSW Steel Ltd Salem works, Salem 636453,
Tamil Nadu, India.
RP Vidhyasagar, M; Balachandran, G (corresponding author), JSW Steel Ltd Salem
works, Salem 636453, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM m.vidhyasagar@jsw.in; g.balachandran@jsw.in
OI M, Vidhyasagar/0000-0002-8789-2472
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NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0972-2815
EI 0975-1645
PD FEB
PY 2020
VL 73
IS 2
BP 479
EP 495
DI 10.1007/s12666-019-01842-6
PG 17
GA KQ0GE
UT WOS:000516608200020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Susa, M
Sasaki, K
Yamauchi, T
Watanabe, T
Endo, R
Hayashi, M
Hanao, M
AF Susa, Masahiro
Sasaki, Kodai
Yamauchi, Takaaki
Watanabe, Takashi
Endo, Rie
Hayashi, Miyuki
Hanao, Masahito
TI Crystallisation of Silicate Glasses and Melts with Chemical Compositions
in Primary Phase Region of Gehlenite
LA English
DT Article
DE mould flux; alumina pick-up; crystallisation; gehlenite; cuspidine; high
aluminium steel
ID RADIATIVE HEAT-TRANSFER; MOLTEN MOLD FLUX; HIGH AL STEEL; SLAGS;
MECHANISM; AL2O3
AB Crystallisation behaviour has been investigated on samples with two
compositions: (A) 42CaO-37SiO(2)-21Al(2)O(3) and (B) 43CaO-27SiO(2)-19Al(2)O(3)-
11CaF(2) (all mass%). Composition (A) is within the primary phase region of
gehlenite and composition (B) is just between gehlenite and cuspidine on a mass
basis. Two types of sample were prepared from glassy and molten states for each
composition. These samples were characterised by differential thermal analysis, X-
ray diffraction analysis and electron probe microanalysis.
- Crystallised samples A from glassy state:
It contained gehlenite and wollastonite in the XRD profile, and in BE images
gehlenite crystals grew more largely than wollastonite, suggesting that gehlenite
precipitates in preference to wollastonite.
- Crystallised samples B from glassy state:
It contained cuspidine and gehlenite in the XRD profile. In BE images, cuspidine
precipitated but gehlenite was not observed.
- Crystallised samples A from molten state:
It contained only gehlenite in the XRD profile, and in BE images there was
dendritic gehlenite developed across the sample.
- Crystallised samples B from molten state:
It contained cuspidine and CaF2 as well as gehlenite in the XRD profile. In BE
images, gehlenite comprised the major part, and it is likely that gehlenite
crystallises in preference to cuspidine.
It is also likely that the pseudo-binary system of gehlenite and cuspidine forms
eutectics and that the eutectic composition is rather closer to cuspidine.
Consequently, the increase in Al2O3 concentration would little affect
crystallisation of the glassy portion in actual mould fluxes containing CaF2 but
strongly affects crystallisation of the liquid portion.
C1 [Susa, Masahiro; Sasaki, Kodai; Yamauchi, Takaaki; Watanabe, Takashi; Endo, Rie;
Hayashi, Miyuki] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Meguro Ku, 2-12-1
Ookayama, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
[Hanao, Masahito] Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, R&D Labs, 1-1 Tobihata, Kitakyushu,
Fukuoka 8048501, Japan.
C3 Tokyo Institute of Technology; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
RP Susa, M (corresponding author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Meguro
Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
EM susa.m.aa@m.titech.ac.jp
RI Endo, Rie/B-9253-2015; Hayashi, Miyuki/AAW-9891-2020
OI Endo, Rie/0000-0002-4844-4159;
CR Endo R, 2014, TETSU TO HAGANE, V100, P571, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.100.571
Hanao A, 2002, TETSU TO HAGANE, V88, P23
Hanao M, 2014, TETSU TO HAGANE, V100, P581, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.100.581
Harmuth H., 2014, P 8 EUR CONT CAST C, P952
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[10.2109/jcersjI950.83.956_178, DOI 10.2109/JCERSJI950.83.956_178]
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Levin E. M., 1964, MCMURDIE PHASE DIAGR, P219
365
355
Ozawa S, 2006, ISIJ INT, V46, P413, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.46.413
Rudnizki J., 2014, P 8 EUR CONT CAST C, P1013
Shi C. B., 2014, P 8 EUR CONT CAST C, P972
Takahashi S, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P905, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-
2017-661
Tsukaguchi Y, 2011, TETSU TO HAGANE, V97, P433, DOI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.97.433
Wang M, 2016, J TECHNICAL ASS REFR, V36, P3
Watanabe T, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P1273, DOI 10.1007/s11663-000-0015-
1
Yin H., 2014, P 8 EUR CONT CAST C, P962
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2020
VL 60
IS 1
BP 58
EP 64
PG 7
GA KF7KR
UT WOS:000509418600006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XG
Zheng, HY
Guo, YC
Jiang, X
Gao, QJ
Shen, FM
AF Hu, Xinguang
Zheng, Haiyan
Guo, Yongchun
Jiang, Xin
Gao, Qiangjian
Shen, Fengman
TI Determination of Al2O3 Activity by Reference Slag
Method in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO Melts for
Blast Furnace Slag with High Al2O3 at 1873 K
LA English
DT Article
DE activity of Al2O3; CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO systems; isoactivity contours;
MgO; Al2O3; reference slag methods
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; MOLTEN IRON; PHASE;
ALUMINUM; DIAGRAM; LIQUID
AB With the increase in using high Al2O3 iron ore, the content of Al2O3 in blast
furnace slag has increased sharply in recent years. Thus, the activity of high
Al2O3 slag in the blast furnace slag system needs further study. Herein, the
activity of Al2O3 (a(Al2O3)) in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slag equilibrated with molten Cu
at 1873 K is determined by applying the reference slag method. Isoactivity contours
for Al2O3 in the (CaO + MgO)-SiO2-Al2O3 pseudoternary system are achieved for blast
furnace slag, and the effects of R (mass% CaO/mass% SiO2) and MgO/Al2O3 on the
activity of Al2O3 are discussed. When Al2O3 = 20 wt% and MgO/Al2O3 = 0.4, with R
increasing from 1.10 to 1.30, the activity of Al2O3 decreases from 0.0423 to
0.0244. When Al2O3 = 20 wt% and R = 1.25, with MgO/Al2O3 increasing from 0.35 to
0.55, the activity of Al2O3 decreases from 0.0470 to 0.0366. The reference slag
method, herein, is feasible based on the experimental results and the reference
slag method is simple, reasonable, and of high accuracy.
C1 [Hu, Xinguang; Zheng, Haiyan; Guo, Yongchun; Jiang, Xin; Gao, Qiangjian; Shen,
Fengman] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall Mineral, Minist Educ,
[Hu, Xinguang; Zheng, Haiyan; Guo, Yongchun; Jiang, Xin; Gao, Qiangjian; Shen,
Fengman] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
RP Zheng, HY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.;
Zheng, HY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wenhua Rd,
EM zhenghy@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Zheng, Haiyan/0000-0001-8454-8521
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC51774071,
NSFC51874080, NSFC51604069, NSFC51974073]; Project of Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [N182504008]; Liaoning
Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [2019-MS-132]
FX This research was funded by the Projects of National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC51774071, NSFC51874080, NSFC51604069, and
NSFC51974073), Project of Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (N182504008), and Liaoning Provincial Natural Science
Foundation of China (2019-MS-132).
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NR 34
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 28
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD MAR
PY 2020
VL 91
IS 3
AR 1900285
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EA DEC 2019
PG 7
GA KT7QV
UT WOS:000503852200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Brinkmann, F
Mazurek, C
Friedrich, B
AF Brinkmann, Frederic
Mazurek, Carolin
Friedrich, Bernd
TI Metallothermic Al-Sc Co-Reduction by Vacuum Induction Melting Using Ca
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE scandium; master alloys; aluminum alloys; metallothermy; vacuum
induction melting; factsage
ID SCANDIUM; ALLOYS
AB Due to its enhancing properties in high-tech material applications, the rare
earth element Scandium (Sc) is continuously gaining interest from researchers and
material developers. The aim of this research is to establish an energy and
resource efficient process scheme for an in situ extraction of Al-Sc master alloys,
which offers usable products for the metallurgical industry. An AlSc20 alloy is
targeted with an oxyfluoridic slag as a usable by-product. The thermochemical
baseline is presented by modelling using the software tool FactSage; the
experimental metal extraction is conducted in a vacuum induction furnace with
various parameters, whereas kinetic aspects are investigated by thermogravimetric
analysis. The Sc-containing products are analyzed by ICP-OES/IC concerning their
chemical composition. Optimum parameters are derived from a statistical evaluation
of the Sc content in the obtained slag phase. The material obtained was high in Ta
due to the crucible material and remarkably low in Al and F; a comparison between
the modelled and the obtained phases indicates kinetic effects inhibiting the
accomplishment of equilibrium conditions. The formation of a Sc-rich Al-Sc phase
(32.5 wt.-% Sc) is detected by SEM-EDS analysis of the metal phase. An in situ
extraction of Al from Ca with subsequent metallothermic reduction of ScF3as a
process controlling mechanism is presumed.
C1 [Brinkmann, Frederic; Mazurek, Carolin; Friedrich, Bernd] Rhein Westfal TH
Aachen, IME Proc Met & Met Recycling, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Brinkmann, Frederic; Mazurek, Carolin; Friedrich, Bernd] IME Proc Met & Met
Recycling, Intzestr 3, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
RP Brinkmann, F (corresponding author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IME Proc Met & Met
Recycling, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.; Brinkmann, F (corresponding author), IME Proc
Met & Met Recycling, Intzestr 3, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
EM fbrinkmann@metallurgie.rwth-aachen.de;
cmazurek@metallurgie.rwth-aachen.de;
bfriedrich@metallurgie.rwth-aachen.de
RI Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7029-2021; Friedrich, Bernd/AAM-7005-2021
OI Friedrich, Bernd/0000-0002-2934-2034;
FU European Union [730105-SCALE]
FX This research was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research
and innovation program under the Grant Agreement No. 730105-SCALE.
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NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD NOV
PY 2019
VL 9
IS 11
AR 1223
DI 10.3390/met9111223
PG 12
Engineering
GA JY4UI
UT WOS:000504411600091
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, AK
Pramanik, S
Sinha, OP
AF Mandal, Arup Kumar
Pramanik, Susanta
Sinha, Om Prakash
TI Effect of Exposure Time, Lining Material and Plasma Gas on the
Extraction of Aluminium from Waste by Smelting Reduction
LA English
DT Article
DE Smelting; Metal solvent bath; Aluminium extraction; Effect of plasma
gas; Effect of lining material
ID RECOVERY; COAL; ASH; IRON
AB Today's world has experienced the change in the extraction of metal from its
native ore to that from secondary resources. The ash and tailings are such
secondary resources for extraction of aluminium. The present investigation shows
the effect of furnace lining materials and plasma gas on the extraction of
aluminium from the waste material during smelting reduction studies. A laboratory
scale plasma arc furnace was used for the reduction studies of bottom ash, iron ore
slime with charcoal. Experiments in hydrogen and nitrogen plasma environments were
carried out inside magnesite and graphite crucible separately. The rate of reduced
metal absorption by the liquid metal bath for a fixed time was determined. The
output of aluminium through metal, slag and exit gas was calculated to establish a
tentative mechanism of smelting reduction. Combination of nitrogen plasma and
graphite crucible showed the optimum recovery level of reduced aluminium in metal.
The high-temperature plasma could reduce highly stable oxides of waste materials,
and the recovery of volatile aluminium in metal could be possible by using a metal
solvent bath.
C1 [Mandal, Arup Kumar; Pramanik, Susanta] Natl Inst Technol, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Durgapur, W Bengal, India.
[Sinha, Om Prakash] IIT BHU, Dept Met Engn, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh,
India.
Technology Durgapur; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System);
Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi (IIT BHU Varanasi)
RP Mandal, AK (corresponding author), Natl Inst Technol, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Durgapur, W Bengal, India.
EM arup.mandal@mme.nitdgp.ac.in; susanta.pramanik@mme.nitdgp.ac.in;
opsinha.met@iitbhu.ac.in
RI Mandal, Arup Kumar/N-1663-2017; Sinha, Om Prakash/AAR-9542-2020
OI Mandal, Arup Kumar/0000-0003-3268-1720;
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NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0972-2815
EI 0975-1645
PD MAY
PY 2019
VL 72
IS 5
BP 1181
EP 1186
DI 10.1007/s12666-019-01602-6
PG 6
GA HT7RX
UT WOS:000464763200008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gündüz, IG
Ekerim, A
AF Gunduz, Ibrahim Gokhan
Ekerim, Ahmet
TI Production of ferroboron by using redesigned ESR process called
electroslag melting for alloying by reductions (ESMAR)
LA English
DT Article
DE production of ferroboron; ESR; aluminothermic method; ESMAR
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; CARBON
AB Ferroboron is produced economically for decades by the carbothermic process.
However, the carbon content of ferroboron, is above 0.5% as a result of the
carbothermic process, which adversely affects the properties of permanent magnets.
On the other hand, the requirement of aluminium for reduction of iron ore in the
aluminothermic process increases the production costs. In this study, ESR process
was redesigned for the production of ferroboron to take advantages of the process.
In this study, a new process was developed with the name of Electroslag Melting for
Alloying by Reduction (ESMAR) by using the advantages of ESR process and the
feasibility of ferroboron production by using this process was investigated. Since
the steel ingot in the ESMAR process will be used as a consumable electrode, the
iron content of the ferroboron to be produced can be obtained from these ingots
without the use of iron ore, thus eliminating the need for aluminium for iron ore
reduction. The boron content of ferroboron will be obtained by reducing the boron
oxide in the slag with aluminum. At the end of the experiments, ferroboron products
containing different ratios of boron and residual aluminum (15.23% B and 1.19% Al;
18.39% B and 5.44% Al) were obtained. These products are of commercial quality.
Since this new process did not require Al for the reduction of iron ore, the
consumption of Al decreased by 3.37 grams per gram of boron. As a result, it was
found out that the ESMAR Process is a suitable method for ferroboron production and
that the process can be improved by optimization of process parameters.
C1 [Gunduz, Ibrahim Gokhan; Ekerim, Ahmet] Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Fac Chem & Met, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey.
C3 Yildiz Technical University
RP Gündüz, IG (corresponding author), Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Fac
Chem & Met, TR-34210 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM iggunduz@gmail.com
FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
FX The authors acknowledge the Scientific and Technological Research
Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for financial contribution. Wewould like to
thank ETI Maden Inc. for supporting us boron raws.
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TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 15
PI BRISTOL
SN 2053-1591
PD APR
PY 2019
VL 6
IS 4
AR 046508
DI 10.1088/2053-1591/aaf8aa
PG 12
GA HH6WQ
UT WOS:000455872400005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Podbolotov, KB
Volochko, AT
Khort, NA
Gusarov, SV
AF Podbolotov, K. B.
Volochko, A. T.
Khort, N. A.
Gusarov, S. V.
TI Refractory Materials Based on Secondary Resources and Phosphate
Compounds
LA English
DT Article
DE phosphate compounds; secondary resources; aluminum melting slag;
mullite-containing waste; thermal shock resistance
AB Results are provided for refractory materials developed on basis of both
secondary resources (broken chamotte refractory, mullite-containing waste, and
aluminum melting slag), fireclay, and phosphoric acid. A relationship is
established for physicochemical and strength properties of the materials on
additive content, filler fractional composition, and also firing temperature. It is
stablished that the optimum aluminum melting slag and mullite-containing waste
contents are 5% and 15% respectively. The material produced with a firing
temperature up to 1200 degrees C has density of 1785 - 1795 kg/m(3), open porosity
of 20 - 23%, ultimate strength in compression of 40 - 50 MPa, and thermal shock
resistance of 30 - 50 thermal cycles (1000 degrees C - water).
C1 [Podbolotov, K. B.; Volochko, A. T.; Khort, N. A.; Gusarov, S. V.] Belorussian
Natl Acad Sci, Physicomech Inst, Minsk, BELARUS.
C3 National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB)
RP Podbolotov, KB (corresponding author), Belorussian Natl Acad Sci, Physicomech
Inst, Minsk, BELARUS.
EM kirilbor@gmail.com
RI Podbolotov, Kirill/AAD-2335-2019; Podbolotov, Kirill/K-8778-2013;
Podbolotov, Kirill/F-2733-2019
OI Podbolotov, Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481; Podbolotov,
Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481; Podbolotov, Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481
CR Aleksandrova GN, 1971, HEAT RESISTANT CONCR
Arun S., 2016, CHEM BONDED PHOSPHAT
Budnikov P. P., 1971, REFRACTORY CONCRETES
Glinka IL, 2001, GEN CHEM
Kashcheev ID., 2007, Refractory Chemical Technology
Kharybina Yu. B., 2014, VISNIK NTU KHP, P141
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10.1007/BF01295402]
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Pilipchatin L. D., 1993, OGNEUPORY, P17
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SHAYAKHMETOV US, 2001, PHOSPHATE COMPOSITE
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Sychev M. M., 1986, Inorganic Adhesives, V2nd
Vezer V, 1962, PHOSPHORUS ITS COMPO
Volochko A. T., 2003, VESTN NAN BELARU FTN, P40
Volochko A. T., 2013, REFRACTORIES REFRACT
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD MAR
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 6
BP 579
EP 582
DI 10.1007/s11148-019-00276-3
PG 4
GA IB4IA
UT WOS:000470233000002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Pan, J
Li, SW
Zhu, DQ
Xu, JW
Chou, JL
AF Pan, Jian
Li, Siwei
Zhu, Deqing
Xu, Jiwei
Chou, Jianlei
BE Chesonis, C
TI Migration of Iron, Aluminum and Alkali Metal Within Pre-reduced-Smelting
Separation of Bauxite Residue
LA English
CT Light Metals Symposium at the 148th TMS Annual Meeting
CY MAR 10-12, 2019
CL San Antonio, TX
DE Bauxite residue; Migration; Fe; Al; Na
ID RED MUD; RECOVERY
AB Bauxite residue (red mud) is a hazardous waste generated from alumina refining
industries. Bauxite residue contains elevated concentrations of several elements,
such as iron, aluminum, titanium and sodium. Due to the high concentration of
sodium, the bauxite residue cannot be directly employed as a raw material for iron-
making. In this work, the migration of iron, aluminum and alkali metal within a
pre-reduced-smelting separation was investigated. The results showed that the
content of iron, Al2O3 and Na2O in pig iron and slag are 94.07, 0.11% and 0.013,
9.23, 48.63 and 4.92%, respectively; effectively separating iron into the pig iron
and aluminum and sodium into the slag. The obtained pig iron can be used as the
burden for an electric arc furnace (EAF). Meanwhile, the slag can be leached by
alkali leaching to extract aluminum and sodium.
C1 [Pan, Jian; Li, Siwei; Zhu, Deqing; Xu, Jiwei; Chou, Jianlei] Cent South Univ,
Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Li, SW (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China.
EM pjcsu@csu.edu.cn; swli@csu.edu.cn; dqzhu@csu.edu.cn;
175611037@csu.edu.cn; choujianlei@csu.edu.cn
CR Bruckard WJ, 2010, T I MIN METALL C, V119, P18, DOI
10.1179/037195509X12518785461760
Cengeloglu Y, 2003, COLLOID SURFACE A, V223, P95, DOI 10.1016/S0927-
7757(03)00198-5
Chun TJ, 2014, METALL MATER TRANS B, V45, P827, DOI 10.1007/s11663-014-0023-1
3
Mayes WM, 2011, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V45, P5147, DOI 10.1021/es200850y
Stjernberg J, 2009, INT J APPL CERAM TEC, V6, P717, DOI 10.1111/j.1744-
7402.2008.02318.x
Xue SG, 2016, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V23, P1120, DOI 10.1007/s11356-015-4558-8
Yu ZL, 2012, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V22, P456, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61198-9
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 7
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-030-05864-7; 978-3-030-05863-0
PY 2019
BP 107
EP 111
DI 10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_15
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Electrochemistry; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BP1JM
UT WOS:000539491300015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Raja, KSS
Raja, VKB
Gupta, M
AF Raja, K. S. Sridhar
Raja, V. K. Bupesh
Gupta, M.
TI USING ANTHROPOGENIC WASTE (STEEL SLAG) TO ENHANCE MECHANICAL AND WEAR
PROPERTIES OF A COMMERCIAL ALUMINIUM ALLOY A356
LA English
DT Article
DE A356; Steel slag; Wear resistance; Tensile strength; Industrial waste;
environmental hazard
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; HYBRID COMPOSITES;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TENSILE; B4C; ASH
AB The present study addresses the utilization of induction furnace steel slag
which is an anthropogenic waste, for enhancing the mechanical properties of a
commercial aluminium alloy A356. Different weight percentage (3wt%, 6wt%, 9wt%, and
12wt%) of steel slag particles in 1 to 10 mu m size range were used as reinforcing
particles in aluminium alloy A356 matrix. The composites were prepared through stir
casting technique. The results revealed an improvement in mechanical properties
(i.e. microhardness and tensile strength) and wear resistance with an increase in
weight percentage of the steel slag particles. This research work shows promising
results for the utilization of the steel slag for enhancing the properties of
aluminium alloy A356 at no additional cost while assisting at same time in
alleviating land pollution.
C1 [Raja, K. S. Sridhar] Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Prod Engn,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Raja, V. K. Bupesh] Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Automobile Engn,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Gupta, M.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mech Engn, Singapore, Singapore.
C3 Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology; Sathyabama Institute of
Science & Technology; National University of Singapore
RP Raja, VKB (corresponding author), Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Automobile
Engn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM bupeshvk@gmail.com
RI K S, SRIDHAR RAJA/AAF-9644-2021; Raja, V.K. Bupesh/L-5561-2017; Gupta,
Manoj/I-8110-2014
OI K S, SRIDHAR RAJA/0000-0003-2931-1403; Raja, V.K.
Bupesh/0000-0002-8929-1814; Gupta, Manoj/0000-0002-2248-8700
CR AHMED S, 1990, COMPOSITES, V21, P81, DOI 10.1016/0010-4361(90)90101-2
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[Anonymous], 2013, INT J RES ENG TECHNO
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Backerud L., 1990, Solidification characteristics of aluminum alloys, V2
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0136(03)00815-X
Shueiwan H., 2008, J MARINE SCI TECHNOL, V16, P271
Siva Prasad D., 2017, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V70, P1
Sridhar Raja K.S., 2013, INT J DESIGN MANUFAC, V7, P29
Sridhar Raja K.S., 2015, APPL MECH MAT, V766-767, P240
Subramanian J, 2012, METALS-BASEL, V2, P178, DOI 10.3390/met2020178
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NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
PY 2019
VL 64
IS 1
BP 279
EP 284
DI 10.24425/amm.2019.126249
PG 6
GA HP5JM
UT WOS:000461713400040
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Shan, XK
Peng, H
Ling, X
Li, J
AF Shan, Xuekun
Peng, Hao
Ling, Xiang
Li, Juan
BE Yan, J
Yang, HX
Li, H
Chen, X
TI Experimental investigation on particles characteristics in molten
aluminum ligament granulation for waste energy recovery
SO INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR ENERGY TRANSITIONS
SE Energy Procedia
LA English
CY AUG 22-25, 2018
CL Hong Kong, HONG KONG
DE rotary disk; molten slag; ligament; disk configuration; particle size
ID SLAG; DISK; ATOMIZATION
AB At present, centrifugal granulation has become the most promising method for
waste heat recovery of molten slag. This paper investigates the effects of rotary
disk configurations on particles characteristics with molten aluminum as the
working medium. Four types of rotary disks and two kinds of particles
characteristics which included particles size distribution and particles mean size
were studied. It can be seen that the main particles sizes are populated in the
range of 2.0-4.0mm for all disk configurations. Due to the special surface
structure, the particles produced by curved-block disk and arc-edge disk
configurations are more concentrated compared to other two types of disks. Besides,
the results shown that the mean size of particles generated by curved-block disk is
smaller. All the conclusions will be helpful for future development of the high-
temperature molten slag dry granulation systems. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by
Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Shan, Xuekun; Peng, Hao; Ling, Xiang] Nanjing Tech Univ, Sch Mech & Power Engn,
Jiangsu Key Lab Proc Enhancement & New Energy Equ, 30 Pu Zhu South Rd, Nanjing
[Li, Juan] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, 159 Long Pan Rd,
Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing Tech University; Nanjing Forestry University
RP Peng, H (corresponding author), Nanjing Tech Univ, Sch Mech & Power Engn,
Jiangsu Key Lab Proc Enhancement & New Energy Equ, 30 Pu Zhu South Rd, Nanjing
EM phsight1@hotmail.com
RI Peng, Hao/A-8634-2012
FU Major Collegiate Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province [15KJA480001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51776095]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20151539]
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Major
Collegiate Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
(Grant No. 15KJA480001), National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 51776095) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
(Grant No. BK20151539).
CR [Anonymous], 2013, ALUMINUM ALLOYS STRU
Jahanshahi S., 2011, 1 INT C EN EFF CO2 R
Xie D.S., 2010, SUSTAIN MIN C, P22
Xie JW, 2004, POWDER METALL, V47, P168, DOI 10.1179/003258904225015482
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 8
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1876-6102
J9 ENRGY PROCED
PY 2019
VL 158
BP 4459
EP 4464
DI 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.768
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA BM9JL
UT WOS:000471031704126
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JH
Hou, Y
Zheng, WW
Zhang, GH
Chou, KC
AF Zhu, Jin-Hui
Hou, Yong
Zheng, Wei-Wei
Zhang, Guo-Hua
Chou, Kuo-Chih
TI Electrical Conductivities of High Aluminum Blast Furnace Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE blast furnace slag; electrical conductivity; CaO/SiO2 ratio; degree of
polymerization
ID K2O ADDITIONS; SYSTEM; NA2O
AB Electrical conductivity is one of the most important thermophysical properties
of oxide melts. In the present study, the electrical conductivities of CaO-SiO2-
MgO-Al2O3 type high aluminum blast furnace slags were measured by using four
electrode method. It can be concluded that the electrical conductivity decreases as
increasing the content of Al2O3, because Al' has a strong preference to form AlO45+
tetrahedron and incorporates into the network of SiO44+ which enhances the degree
of polymerization of melts. As adding MgO to the slags, the electrical conductivity
also decreases due to the stronger polarization ability and thus weaker diffusion
ability of small Mg2+ ion relative to Ca2+ ion. However, the electrical
conductivity increases with gradually increasing the CaO/SiO2 ratio, owing to the
increase of concentration of Ca2+ ion which acts as the charge carrier and the
decreases of degree of polymerization.
C1 [Zhu, Jin-Hui; Hou, Yong; Zheng, Wei-Wei; Zhang, Guo-Hua; Chou, Kuo-Chih] Univ
RI Zhang, He/GXN-0028-2022; Zhang, Guo-Hua/AAM-7264-2021
FX Thanks are given to the financial supports from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (51734002).
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7
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2019
VL 59
IS 3
BP 427
EP 431
PG 5
GA HR0GK
UT WOS:000462806100006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lysenko, AP
Nalivaiko, AY
AF Lysenko, A. P.
Nalivaiko, A. Yu.
TI Mechanisms of Alumina Formation from Metallic Raw Materials under
Electrolysis Conditions
LA English
DT Article
DE electrochemical processes; electrolysis; electrolyte; anodic process;
secondary metallurgy; cryolite; ammonium nitrate; deoxidizer alloy;
aluminum; high-purity alumina
ID ALPHA-ALUMINA; GROWTH
AB The mechanisms of alumina formation from metallic aluminum in aqueous solutions
and in molten salts are considered. The author technology of processing of dump
slags from secondary metallurgy with the preparation of an aluminum deoxidizer
alloy and the technology of the electrochemical oxidation of metallic aluminum with
the formation of high-purity alumina (raw materials for manufacturing synthetic
sapphires) are examined. The behavior of aluminum and alumina in the key
technological process (electrolysis), in particular, in an oxyfluoride melt and in
an aqueous salt solution, is considered when analyzing the technologies. The
influence of the electrolyte composition on the electrolysis and side processes of
dissolution of various metals (iron, copper, zinc, and others) is analyzed. The
thermodynamic evaluation of possible reactions in the working medium (electrolyte)
affecting the quality of the final product is performed. The possibilities of the
retention of the proper quality of the final product are considered on the basis of
thermodynamic calculations. Measures for decreasing the probability of unfavorable
reactions are proposed. The technological preparation of an aluminum deoxidizer
alloy and high-purity alumina using the electrochemical method is found to be
possible only due to the high affinity of aluminum to oxygen. The main requirements
imposed on the final products of the considered technologies are presented, and the
priority areas of their application are designated.
C1 [Lysenko, A. P.; Nalivaiko, A. Yu.] Moscow Inst Steel & Alloys, Leninskii Pr 4,
Moscow 119991, Russia.
RP Nalivaiko, AY (corresponding author), Moscow Inst Steel & Alloys, Leninskii Pr
4, Moscow 119991, Russia.
EM nalivaiko@misis.ru
RI Nalivaiko, Anton Yurievich/H-2744-2015
OI Nalivaiko, Anton Yurievich/0000-0003-2475-4811
FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
[14.581.21.0019, RFMEFI58115X0019]
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation in terms of the agreement for grants no.
14.581.21.0019 of November 2, 2015 (unique identifier of the agreement
RFMEFI58115X0019).
CR Akselrod MS, 2012, J CRYST GROWTH, V360, P134, DOI
10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.12.038
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Lysenko A. P., 2013, RF Patent, Patent No. 2491359
Lysenko A. P., 2011, VESTN MGOU TT, P10
Panasyugin A. S., 2013, LITE METALLURGIYA, P66
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2916.2009.03399.x
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PI MOSCOW
SN 0036-0295
EI 1555-6255
J9 RUSS METALL
JI Russ. Metall.
PD DEC
PY 2018
IS 12
BP 1121
EP 1125
DI 10.1134/S003602951812011X
PG 5
GA HL6YA
UT WOS:000458881100004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yukhvid, VI
Ikornikov, DM
Andreev, DE
Sanin, VN
Alymov, MI
Sachkova, NV
Sememova, VN
Kovalev, ID
AF Yukhvid, V. I.
Ikornikov, D. M.
Andreev, D. E.
Sanin, V. N.
Alymov, M. I.
Sachkova, N. V.
Sememova, V. N.
Kovalev, I. D.
TI Centrifugal SHS-metallurgy of nitrogen steels
SO LETTERS ON MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrogen steel; centrifugal SHS-metallurgy; combustion; chemical
transformation; gravity separation
ID PIPE STEEL; STRENGTH
AB The possibility of obtaining alloyed nitrogen steel by centrifugal SHS-
metallurgy at atmospheric pressure is shown. The initial mixture for obtaining
alloyed cast steel included iron, manganese, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium and
silicon oxides, as well as aluminum, chromium and chromium nitride. The
experimental studies were carried out in a centrifugal installation under
overloading (a) of 1 - 50g. It is shown that at a = 1g combustion is accompanied by
a significant scattering of the mixture. In the case of overloading, the scattering
is suppressed. The combustion products, steel and slag, are in cast state and
divided into two layers; they have practically no adhesion. The mixture combustion
is accompanied by intensive convective mixing of the combustion products.
Gravitational convection of the two-phase melt above the combustion front and
bubbling of the gaseous products provides intensive mixing, ensure high
completeness of the chemical transformation of the initial mixture, and uniformity
of the steel composition. Most of the experiments were carried out at a = 50g. It
is shown that in the ranges of Cr and Cr2N concentrations under study, the mixtures
retain the ability to burn and are well separated. Introduction of chromium nitride
into the initial mixture makes it possible to obtain nitrogen steel with a nitrogen
content of up to 0.3 - 0.4 wt. %. According to X-ray phase analysis, this steel has
gamma-Fe lattice. The displacement of the peaks and their broadening indicate the
dissolution of the alloying elements in gamma-Fe. Steel has a grain structure with
narrow grain boundaries. Point inclusions concentrated in the grains and at the
boundaries were also detected. The analysis of the elemental distribution and
structural components composition proves that the steel base is formed by Cr, Mn
and Ni solution in Fe, narrow boundaries between the grains are formed by Fe, Mn,
Mo and V solution in Cr. Point inclusions mainly contain Mn and Mo.
C1 [Yukhvid, V. I.; Ikornikov, D. M.; Andreev, D. E.; Sanin, V. N.; Alymov, M. I.;
Sachkova, N. V.; Sememova, V. N.; Kovalev, I. D.] RAS, AG Merzhanov Inst Struct
Macrokinet, 8 Akad Osipyana Str, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences
RP Andreev, DE (corresponding author), RAS, AG Merzhanov Inst Struct Macrokinet, 8
Akad Osipyana Str, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
EM ade@ism.ac.ru
RI Alymov, Mikhail Ivanovich/E-7262-2014; Yukhvid, Vladimir I/A-6902-2014;
Andreev, Dmitrii/A-5899-2014
OI Alymov, Mikhail Ivanovich/0000-0001-6147-5753; Andreev,
Dmitrii/0000-0003-0383-4425
FU RAS program, within Scientific Project PrAN [55]
FX To realize the research, the equipment at the ISMAN Center of Shared
Cervices was used. The research was carried out with the financial
support of the RAS program, within Scientific Project PrAN. 55.
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10.1134/S0031918X18010076
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Shul'te Yu.A., 1970, COLD RESISTANT STEEL
Yukhvid VI, 2017, LETT MATER, V7, P332, DOI 10.22226/2410-3535-2017-3-332-336
Yukhvid V. I., 2006, TSVET METALLURG, V5, P62
YUKHVID VI, 1992, PURE APPL CHEM, V64, P977, DOI 10.1351/pac199264070977
[Зиатдинов Мансур Хузиахметович Ziatdinov M.Kh.], 2008, [Металлург, Metallurg],
P50
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU RUSSIAN ACAD SCIENCES, INST METALS SUPERPLASTICITY PROBLEMS
PI UFA
PA UL STEPANA KHALTURINA, 39, UFA, 450001, RUSSIA
SN 2218-5046
EI 2410-3535
J9 LETT MATER
JI Lett. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2018
VL 8
IS 4
BP 499
EP 503
DI 10.22226/2410-3535-2018-4-499-503
PG 5
GA HJ9YA
UT WOS:000457554000022
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Collins, AC
Strydom, CA
van Dyk, JC
Bunt, JN
AF Collins, A. C.
Strydom, C. A.
van Dyk, J. C.
Bunt, J. N.
TI FACTSAGE™ thermo-equilibrium simulations of mineral transformations in
coal combustion ash
SO JOURNAL OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE FACTSAGE (TM); coal combustion; potassium; aluminium; slagging behaviour
ID ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFIER; SOUTH-AFRICAN COAL; FUSION TEMPERATURES;
GASIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; SLAG; FUSIBILITY; VISCOSITY; HYDROGEN; CAPTURE
AB The aim of this investigation is to report on the influence of operating
conditions, and of additives such as potassium carbonate, on the slagging behaviour
of South African coal. This was done using a FACTSAGE (TM) model that was
previously developed to simulate the chemistry and mineral transformations
occurring during a fixed-bed countercurrent gasification process. The mineral
transformations in K- and Al-containing inorganic compounds under certain thermal
conditions were tracked to see whether these species remain in the minerals or are
captured by the slag. The main contributors to slag formation and possible
inorganic mineral transformations were identified. The addition of potassium
carbonate to the coal before thermal processing decreases the melt formation
temperature and the melt percentage. The mineral transformations and slagging
behaviour depend on the percentage of potassium in the sample, as well as the basic
components present in the coal.
C1 [Collins, A. C.; Strydom, C. A.; van Dyk, J. C.; Bunt, J. N.] North West Univ,
Chem Resource Beneficiat, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
[van Dyk, J. C.] African Carbon Energy, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Bunt, J. N.] North West Univ, Sch Chem & Minerals Engn, Potchefstroom, South
Africa.
C3 North West University - South Africa; North West University - South
Africa
RP Collins, AC (corresponding author), North West Univ, Chem Resource Beneficiat,
Potchefstroom, South Africa.
OI Bunt, John/0000-0003-3051-2528; Strydom, Christien/0000-0001-5295-2095
FU South African Research Chairs Initiative (SARChI) of the Department of
Science and Technology; National Research Foundation of South Africa
(Coal Research Chair) [86880]
FX The information presented in this paper is based on the research
financially supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative
(SARChI) of the Department of Science and Technology and National
Research Foundation of South Africa (Coal Research Chair Grant No.
86880).
CR BENSON SA, 1995, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V44, P1, DOI 10.1016/0378-3820(95)00020-8
Ge ZW, 2014, INT J HYDROGEN ENERG, V39, P19583, DOI
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.09.119
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10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.06.003
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VAN DYK J. C., 2006, MINERALS ENG, V19
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Yu JL, 2007, PROG ENERG COMBUST, V33, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.pecs.2006.07.003
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Zhou CC, 2012, FUEL, V97, P644, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.027
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 21
PU SOUTHERN AFRICAN INST MINING METALLURGY
PI MARSHALLTOWN L
PA 5 HOLLARD ST, 5TH FLOOR, CHAMBER OF MINES BUILDING, PO BOX 61127,
MARSHALLTOWN L 2107, SOUTH AFRICA
SN 2225-6253
EI 2411-9717
J9 J S AFR I MIN METALL
JI J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.
PD OCT
PY 2018
VL 118
IS 10
BP 1059
EP 1066
DI 10.17159/2411-9717/2018/v118n10a7
PG 8
GA GZ5DC
UT WOS:000449436200007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nwaubani, SO
AF Nwaubani, Sunday O.
TI Waste Steel Slag and their Influence on the Properties of Cement Blends
SO MRS ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID PORTLAND-CEMENT; HYDRATION
AB The use of waste is rapidly becoming a supra-disciplinary field in most parts of
the world where the use of industrial wastes like fly ash, granulated steel slag,
silica fume, and waste fibers in construction has become very popular since the
last half of the 20th century. Other forms of industrial wastes are also re-used
even for more sensitive applications on soils to upgrade soil texture. For example,
waste from bauxite refining (red mud) is known to be extensively re-utilised. These
concepts are yet to take tangible hold in Africa, despite the huge resources
available. Electric-Arc Furnace Steel slag is a major waste product from the steel
industry involving the melting of scrap to make steel in an electric arc furnace.
Use of such waste materials in construction alleviates the huge environmental
pollution problem which often exists in areas where they are produced and/or
dumped. Currently, the material is mainly used in construction works as unbound
aggregate for asphalt concrete pavements, or as road base in many countries.
However, it consists predominantly of oxides and silicates of magnesium, calcium,
aluminium, iron and thus can be used as substitute for cement. This paper compares
the effect of utilising this type of Steel slag and Granulated Blast Furness Slag,
as partial replacement for Portland cement. The influence of the physical and
chemical characteristics of the two materials on the setting time, compressive
strength, total porosity and pore-size distribution of cement pastes have been
evaluated. For the experimental conditions studied, the result reveal adequate
properties for high levels of replacement but suggests that superior qualities,
compared with Portland cement concrete is possible only if replacement levels do
not exceed about 10%.
C1 [Nwaubani, Sunday O.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Civil & Environm Engn,
Johannesburg, South Africa.
C3 University of Witwatersrand
RP Nwaubani, SO (corresponding author), Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Civil & Environm
Engn, Johannesburg, South Africa.
RI Nwaubani, Sunday/ABA-5605-2021
OI Nwaubani, Sunday/0000-0002-2126-0579
CR [Anonymous], 1987, 1R87 266 ACI COMM
[Anonymous], 1993, OPERATORS MANUAL MER
[Anonymous], 1995, 196 BS EN 3
Brunauer S, 1938, J AM CHEM SOC, V60, P309, DOI 10.1021/ja01269a023
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Libyan Iron and Steel Company, 1998, TECHN SPEC PROD
Libyan Ministry of Manufacture, 1993, PROP PLAN IMPR MAN C
10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.02.008
Mehta P.K., 1980, 7 INT S CHEM CEM PAR, VIII, P1, DOI DOI
10.1680/MACR.1985.37.133.227
Monshi A, 1999, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V29, P1373, DOI 10.1016/S0008-
8846(99)00028-9
Moosberg-Bustnes H, 2004, SCAND J METALL, V33, P15, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-
0692.2004.00663.x
Muntasser T.Z., 2002, THESIS
Neville A. M., 1995, Properties of concrete, V4
Nwaubani S, 2012, J CIVIL ENG CONSTRUC, V3, P291, DOI [10.5897/JCECT12.043, DOI
10.5897/JCECT12.043]
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Nwaubani S.O, 1990, THESIS
1561(2004)16:3(230)
Wainwright P.J, 1991, BLENDED CEMENT USE G
Wu XQ, 1999, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V29, P1103
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 2059-8521
J9 MRS ADV
JI MRS Adv.
PY 2018
VL 3
IS 34-35
BP 2027
EP 2040
DI 10.1557/adv.2018.186
PG 14
GA GO8IL
UT WOS:000440331100008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Oliveira, A
Martins, CI
Castro, F
AF Oliveira, A.
Martins, C. I.
Castro, F.
BE Vilarinho, C
Castro, F
Lopes, MD
TI Incorporation of metallurgical wastes as inorganic fillers in resins
SO WASTES - SOLUTIONS, TREATMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES II
LA English
CT 4th International Conference on Wastes - Solutions, Treatments and
Opportunities
CY SEP 25-26, 2017
CL Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Porto, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Porto, Fac Engn
AB This work aims at incorporating industrial wastes arising from the metallurgical
sector, as fillers into polymeric resins. The waste materials that were
investigated are: brass foundry sand, ferrous slag, inert steel aggregate for
construction, white slag from steelmaking ladle secondary treatment, electric arc
furnace dusts and aluminum anodizing wastewaters treatment sludge. Two different
types of resins were used: a thermoset phenolic resin normally used for the
manufacture of foundry molds and a thermoplastic aqueous dispersion vinyl-based
resin generally used for soils stabilization and retaining dust. The selection of
the most suitable resin for each residue depends on the characteristics of the
resins and the waste particle size: for powder residues, it was used a vinyl-based
resin, whereas for larger particle size residues a phenolic resin has been
employed. Samples were prepared by compression molding of parts at room temperature
and characterized for mechanical properties, water absorption and leaching.
C1 [Oliveira, A.; Martins, C. I.] Univ Minho, Inst Polymer & Composites I3N,
[Castro, F.] Univ Minho, Mech Engn Dept, Guimaraes, Portugal.
C3 Universidade do Minho; Universidade do Minho
RP Oliveira, A (corresponding author), Univ Minho, Inst Polymer & Composites I3N,
RI Castro, Fernando A.P./H-6642-2015; Martins, Carla I/A-5415-2010
OI Castro, Fernando A.P./0000-0002-6674-3988; Martins, Carla
I/0000-0002-2907-7672
CR Almeida D. A., 2000, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V30, P1131
Biron M., 2004, Thermosets and Composites
Castro Fernando, 2009, International Journal of Materials Engineering
Innovation, V1, P74, DOI 10.1504/IJMATEI.2009.024028
Castro F., 2014, INCORPORATION IND WA
Dash Manoj Kumar, 2016, International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment,
V5, P484, DOI 10.1016/j.ijsbe.2016.04.006
Harper C. A., 2003, PLASTIC MAT PROCESS
Sousa A. C. A., 2014, BRAZ C ENG MAT SCI 0
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-315-20617-2; 978-1-138-19669-8
PY 2018
BP 403
EP 408
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental
SC Engineering
GA BL0AF
UT WOS:000445369600062
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Chen, Z
Xu, KP
He, SP
Wang, Q
AF Chen, Zhuo
Xu, Kun-peng
He, Sheng-ping
Wang, Qian
BE Hwang, JY
Jiang, T
Kennedy, MW
Yucel, O
Pistorius, PC
Seshadri, V
Zhao, B
Gregurek, D
Keskinkilic, E
TI Thermodynamic Calculation on the Reactivity Between Slag and
Ti-Stabilized Stainless Steel
LA English
CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2017
CL San Diego, CA
DE Ti-stabilized steel; Slag-steel reaction; Thermodynamics
ID AL; CA
AB During the continuous casting (CC) process of Ti-Stabilized Stainless Steel, the
nozzle clogging or even the crusts composed of TiN, Al2O3, TixOy and the complex
inclusions MgO center dot Al2O3, Al2O3 is often occurred. The main objective of the
present study is to research the reaction between refining slag or mold flux and
Ti-Stabilized Stainless Steel by thermodynamic calculation. A suitable refining
slag composition was sought to absorb Al2O3, Tix Oy inclusions, and the reactions
between different mold flux and steel was calculated and compared. It was found
that a suitable refining slag was difficult to adjust aluminum and titanium to meet
requirement simultaneously. The target refined slag is composited of 3-8.7% SiO2,
56-59% CaO, 33-38% Al2O3 and 4% MgO with low melting point and high absorption
capacity of inclusions for in the refining of the 321 stainless steel. SiO2, Fe2O3,
Na2O and B2O3 of mold flux would react with titanium in the steel. The CaO-SiO2
based mold flux had a strong reactivity than CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3 based
mold flux.
C1 [Chen, Zhuo; Xu, Kun-peng; He, Sheng-ping; Wang, Qian] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat
EM q_wang@cqu.edu.cn
RI Chen, Zhuo/JED-3066-2023
OI Chen, Zhuo/0000-0002-6704-4804
FU Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1660204]
FX The authors greatly appreciate the supports from the Key Program of
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1660204)
Baoshan Iron and Steel China, 2009, [No title captured], Patent No.
[CN200710042540.6, 2007100425406]
Choudhary S.K., 2000, STEEL TIMES INT, V24, P21
0136(95)01974-J
Nunnlngton R.C., 59 EL FURN C 19 PROC
Qiang R., 2015, MATER RES INNOV, V19, P378
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-51340-9; 978-3-319-51339-3
PY 2017
BP 169
EP 176
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-51340-9_17
PG 8
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA BI0YJ
UT WOS:000405308900017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Kumar, KP
Prakash, CPS
Mallikarjun, B
Shantharam, A
AF Kumar, Praveen K.
Prakash, C. P. S.
Mallikarjun, B.
Shantharam, A.
GP IEEE
TI A Study on Tensile and Tribological Properties of Aluminum 7075 Metal
Matrix with Boron Carbide Reinforced Composite Material by using
Computer Interface Tensile and Wear Test
SO 2017 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE MECHANISMS FOR INDUSTRY
APPLICATIONS (ICIMIA)
LA English
CT IEEE International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for Industry
Applications (ICIMIA
CY FEB 21-23, 2017
CL Bangalore, INDIA
DE Aluminum 7075; Boron carbide; Stir casting method; Computer interface
universal testing machine; Weartesting machine
AB In the advances of application software and available digital computer
technology will have more practical challenging field for Designers, Engineers and
Academicians for seeking superior composite materials with their mechanical
properties. In this study, Aluminum 7075 based metal matrix with Boron carbide
reinforced particle to form required composite materials was manufactured by using
stir casting method to obtain sound castings. During casting process care is taken
with all respect like degasifying, proper vertex speed to have thoroughly mixing of
reinforcements and slag formation over the surface. The influence of reinforced
ratio of 0,1,2,3 and 4 weight percentages of boron carbide particles with mesh size
150 grit for Aluminum 7075 metal matrix used to form a composite material. The
importance of reinforced particle with aluminum metal matrix is to study and
predict in the enhancement of mechanical properties like tensile and tribological
property using experimental technique by computer interfaced Universal testing
machine and computer interfaced wear testing machine. For tribological properties
of these composite materials were investigated by wearing with different loads and
constant speed in pin on disc wear of specimen at dry condition. An increasing
trend of yield, ultimate tensile strength and decreasing wear rate with increase in
weight percentage of Boron carbide has been observed.
C1 [Kumar, Praveen K.; Prakash, C. P. S.; Mallikarjun, B.; Shantharam, A.]
Dayananda Sagar Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India.
C3 Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering
RP Kumar, KP (corresponding author), Dayananda Sagar Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn,
Bengaluru 560078, Karnataka, India.
CR Ghasali Ehsan, INVESTIGATION MICROS
IWAI Y, 1995, WEAR, V181, P594
LLOYD DJ, 1989, COMPOS SCI TECHNOL, V35, P159, DOI 10.1016/0266-3538(89)90093-6
Madheswaran K., 2015, IJETAE, V5
Mohammad sharifi E., 2013, FABRICATION EVALUATI, V552, P227
Ozben T, 2008, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V198, P220, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.06.082
Poovazhagan L, INT C DES MAN ICONDM
RHEE SK, 1972, J AM CERAM SOC, V55, P300, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1972.tb11289.x
Sharma Pankaj, 2016, IJAERA, V2
SURAPPA MK, 1981, J MATER SCI, V16, P983, DOI 10.1007/BF00542743
Swamy ARK., 2011, J MINERALS MAT CHARA, V10, P1141, DOI DOI
10.4236/JMMCE.2011.1012087
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-5090-5960-7
PY 2017
BP 739
EP 745
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA BJ6OZ
UT WOS:000426901200147
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Oh, JS
Lee, J
AF Lee, Jaehong
Oh, Joon Seok
Lee, Joonho
TI Reduction Kinetics of Electric Arc Furnace Oxidizing Slag by Al-Fe Alloy
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID STEEL-SLAG; MICROWAVE TREATMENT; BEHAVIOR; DISSOLUTION; ALUMINUM
AB Effects of temperature and slag basicity on the reduction rate of iron oxide in
molten synthetic electric arc furnace oxidizing slag by Al-40 wt.%Fe alloy was
investigated. An alloy sample was dropped into molten slag in an MgO crucible. When
the initial slag temperature was 1723 K, there was no reduction. However, when the
initial slag temperature was 1773 K and the slag basicity was 1.1, the reduction
was initiated and the temperature of the slag rapidly increased. When the slag
basicity was 1.1, increasing the initial slag temperature from 1773 K to 1823 K
increases the reaction rate. As the slag basicity increased from 1.1 to 1.4 at 1773
K, the reaction rate increased. From SEM analysis, it was found that an Al2O3 or a
spinel phase at the slag-metal interface inhibited the reaction at a lower
temperature and a lower slag basicity.
C1 [Lee, Jaehong; Oh, Joon Seok; Lee, Joonho] Korea Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
C3 Korea University
RP Lee, J (corresponding author), Korea Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 02841,
South Korea.
EM joonholee@korea.ac.kr
RI Lee, Joonho/I-2629-2013
OI Lee, Joonho/0000-0002-9464-6480
FU Industrial Strategy Technology Development through the Ministry of
Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea [10035258]; National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant - Korea government (MSIP) [NRF-2014R1A2A
2A01007011]; Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT)
[10035258] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology
(NTIS)
FX The authors would like to express thanks to the Industrial Strategy
Technology Development (No. 10035258, Development of Green Process for
Production of Eco-steel Slag) for the financial support through a grant
provided by the Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea. This
work was partially supported by the National Research Foundation of
Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No.
NRF-2014R1A2A 2A01007011).
CR An SB, 2014, MET MATER INT, V20, P351, DOI 10.1007/s12540-014-2015-8
Barca C, 2013, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V47, P549, DOI 10.1021/es303778t
Engström F, 2010, STEEL RES INT, V81, P362, DOI 10.1002/srin.200900154
Jung SS, 2014, ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL, V48, P1886, DOI 10.1021/es404277w
Kang YB, 2012, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V39, P498, DOI 10.1179/1743281212Y.0000000012
Kim JH, 2014, KOREAN J MET MATER, V52, P791, DOI 10.3365/KJMM.2014.52.10.791
Kim T, 2011, MATER TRANS, V52, P2233, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.M2011178
Korea Iron and Steel Association, 2014, 2014 KOR STEEL IND Y, P608
Liapis I, 2015, J HAZARD MATER, V283, P89, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.08.072
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Nagata K., 1982, TETSU HAGANE, V13, P20
Santos RM, 2012, CHEM ENG J, V203, P239, DOI 10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.155
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 9
BP 2359
EP 2364
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-2022-y
PG 6
GA DU1SK
UT WOS:000381989200007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Putan, V
Putan, A
Josan, A
Vilceanu, L
AF Putan, V.
Putan, A.
Josan, A.
Vilceanu, L.
BE Lemle, LD
Jiang, Y
TI Researches concerning influence of magnesium, aluminum and titanium lime
on steel desulfurization
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCES 2015 (ICAS2015)
LA English
CT International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS)
CY JUN 03-05, 2015
CL Military Econ Acad Wuhan, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Military Econ Acad Wuhan
AB The paper presents the results of laboratory experiments on steel
desulphurisation with slag from the system MgO-Al2O3-TiO2. To determine the
influence, on the desulphurisation process, of the titanium oxide added in calcium
aluminate slag, we experimented, in the laboratory phase, the steel treatment with
a mechanical mixture consisting of lime, aluminous slag and slag obtained from the
titanium making process through the aluminothermic technology. The steel melting
was carried out in an induction furnace of 10 kg capacity, existent in the.
Metallic Melts. laboratory of the Engineering Faculty of Hunedoara. During the
research, we aimed to establish correlation equations between the sulphur
distribution coefficient and the slag components (MgO, Al2O3, TiO2). The data
obtained in the experiments were processed in MATLAB programs, resulting multiple
correlation equations, which allowed the elucidation of some physical-chemical
phenomena specific to the desulphurisation processes.
C1 [Putan, V.; Putan, A.; Josan, A.; Vilceanu, L.] Politehn Univ Timisoara, Dept
Engn & Management, 5 Revolut St, Hunedoara 331128, Romania.
C3 Polytechnic University of Timisoara
RP Putan, V (corresponding author), Politehn Univ Timisoara, Dept Engn &
Management, 5 Revolut St, Hunedoara 331128, Romania.
CR Ardelean E, 2007, REV METAL MADRID, V43, P181
Heput T, 2005, REV METAL MADRID, V41, P220, DOI
10.3989/revmetalm.2005.v41.i3.208
Tripsa I, 1981, STEEL DEOXIDATION
Vacu S, 1980, ELABORATION ALLOY ST, VI
NR 4
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2016
VL 106
AR 012033
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/106/1/012033
PG 6
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BE4NZ
UT WOS:000371992900033
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ilutiu-Varvara, DA
Brândusan, L
Arghir, G
Pica, EM
AF Ilutiu-Varvara, Dana-Adriana
Brandusan, Liviu
Arghir, George
Pica, Elena Maria
TI RESEARCHES ABOUT THE CHARACTERIZATION OF METALLURGICAL SLAGS FOR
LANDFILLED WASTES MINIMIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE electric arc furnace; metallurgical waste; pollution; slag; steelmaking
ID STEEL SLAG; TOTAL RECOVERY; REMOVAL; VALORIZATION; OPTIMIZATION;
MANUFACTURE; MANAGEMENT; ALUMINUM
AB The aim of this paper is to assess the chemical and mineralogical composition
and the leaching behavior of the electric arc furnace slags (EAFS) in order to
improve their management by identifying suitable reuse options in different fields.
The chemical and mineralogical composition of slag varies from one type of steel to
another, from one technological stage to another and from one steel plant to
another. In order to minimize the slag quantities disposed in the slag dumps one
has first to characterize the generated slags for each technological stage of the
steelmaking process. The chemical composition, as percentages, of the compounds
identified in melting, refining and deoxidizing slags characterized varies between:
(27-50%) for calcium oxide (CaO), (15-25%) for silicon dioxide (SiO2), (8-30%) for
total iron (Fe tot.), (3-10%) for manganese oxide (MnO), (5-8%) for magnesia oxide
(MgO), (5-6%) for alumina (Al2O3) and (0.1-0.4%) for phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5).
As a result of the mineralogical characterization of the slag samples there were
identified the following mineralogical compounds: jacobsite (MnFe2O4), wustite
(FeO), magnetite (Fe3O4), hematite (Fe2O3), grossular ((Ca2.869Fe0.131)
(Al1.89Fe0.11)(SiO4)(3)), andradite (Ca3Fe2(SiO4)(3)), pyrope ((Mg0.92Fe0.05Ca0.03)
(3)Al2SiO4), akermanite (Ca2Mg(Si2O7)), fayalite manganoan magnesian
(Mg.075Fe1.741Mn.123SiO4), srebrodolskite (CaFeO4), grossularite (Ca3Al2(SiO4)(3)),
gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), merwinite (Ca3Mg(SiO4)(2)), Fe - ringwoodite (Fe-2(SiO4)),
monticellite (CaMg(SiO4)) and fayalite tephorite (FeMn(SiO4)). The slags can be
used in different fields without any risk of harmful impact on the environment due
to heavy metal leaching. The whole usage of slag would result in the conservation
of natural resources and the elimination of the environmental problems with final
disposal.
C1 [Ilutiu-Varvara, Dana-Adriana; Pica, Elena Maria] Tech Univ, Fac Mat & Environm
Engn, Dept Chem & Phys, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
[Brandusan, Liviu; Arghir, George] Tech Univ, Fac Mat & Environm Engn, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
C3 Technical University of Cluj Napoca; Technical University of Cluj Napoca
RP Ilutiu-Varvara, DA (corresponding author), Tech Univ, Fac Mat & Environm Engn,
Dept Chem & Phys, 103-105 Muncii Blvd, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
EM dana.varvara@gmail.com
RI ILUȚIU-VARVARA, Dana-Adriana -/AAR-1385-2021; Arghir,
George/A-4921-2019; Pica, Elena Maria/HJG-7625-2022
OI Arghir, George/0000-0003-4341-9402; Elena Maria,
Pica/0000-0001-9659-9457
FU project "Development and support of multidisciplinary postdoctoral
programmes in major technical areas of national strategy of Research
Development - Innovation" 4D-POSTDOC [POSDRU/89/1.5/S/52603]; European
Social Fund through Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources
Development
FX This paper was supported by the project "Development and support of
multidisciplinary postdoctoral programmes in major technical areas of
national strategy of Research Development - Innovation" 4D-POSTDOC,
contract no. POSDRU/89/1.5/S/52603, project co-funded by the European
Social Fund through Sectoral Operational Programme Human Resources
Development 2007-2013.
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TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PI IASI
SN 1582-9596
EI 1843-3707
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 14
IS 9
BP 2115
EP 2126
DI 10.30638/eemj.2015.226
PG 12
GA CY3TX
UT WOS:000366333900012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jung, EJ
Lee, SH
Kim, WH
Min, DJ
AF Jung, Eun Jin
Lee, Sang Hoon
Kim, Wan Ho
Min, Dong Jun
TI Thermodynamic Study on the Solubility of Ca and Al in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Slag System
SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF METALS AND MATERIALS
LA Korean
DT Article
DE ferrosilicon; metals; purification; thermodynamics properties
ID SILICON; FERROSILICON; ALUMINUM; CALCIUM; CARBON
AB Thermodynamic study on CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag system was carried out to understand
the refining ability of Ca and Al in ferrosilicon. The effect of slag composition
and oxygen partial pressure on refining ability of slag was also thermodynamically
evaluated. Experimental results indicated that equilibrium concentrations of Ca and
Al are both decreased with increasing SiO2 activity of slag and oxygen partial
pressure. Also, the effect of activity coefficients of Ca and Al in molten alloy
was not significant, while activities of each component in slag were important
determining factors. Refining ability of Ca and Al of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slag from
ferrosilicon is possibly increased by controlling interfacial oxygen partial
pressure and activities of components of slags.
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[Lee, Sang Hoon; Min, Dong Jun] Yonsei Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749,
South Korea.
[Kim, Wan Ho] Posco, Tech Res Lab, Pohang, South Korea.
C3 Yonsei University; POSCO
South Korea.
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TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 23
PI SEOUL
SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-8228
J9 KOREAN J MET MATER
JI Korean J. Met. Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2015
VL 53
IS 5
BP 352
EP 358
DI 10.3365/KJMM.2015.53.5.352
PG 7
Engineering
GA CI3SH
UT WOS:000354667200007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Arh, B
Vode, F
Tehovnik, F
Burja, J
AF Arh, B.
Vode, F.
Tehovnik, F.
Burja, J.
TI REDUCTION OF CHROMIUM OXIDES WITH CALCIUM CARBIDE DURING THE STAINLESS
STEELMAKING PROCESS
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE electric arc furnace (EAF); stainless steel; chromium oxide; slag
reduction; calcium carbide
ID 1500-DEGREES-C
AB An efficient reduction of chromium from slag requires an appropriate reduction
agent for the given steelmaking technology. The usual slag reduction praxis
consists of carbon injections and additions of ferrosilicon and aluminum. Reduction
of chromium containing slags with calcium carbide is an appealing alternative.
Calcium carbide is a strong reduction agent that unlike ferrosilicon and aluminum
also provides the possibility of foaming slag formation. Experimental work
regarding chromium slag reduction with calcium carbide towards usual slag reduction
praxis is described in this work. The results show that higher reduction rates in
the stage of refining period of the melt and higher level of overall chromium
reduction from slag can be reached with the blowing of CaC2.
C1 [Arh, B.; Vode, F.; Tehovnik, F.; Burja, J.] Inst Met & Technol, Ljubljana,
Slovenia.
C3 Institute of Metals & Technology - Slovenia
RP Arh, B (corresponding author), Inst Met & Technol, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
RI Burja, Jaka/AAG-6087-2019
OI Burja, Jaka/0000-0002-9116-6932
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NR 13
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 16
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
EI 1334-2576
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD APR-JUN
PY 2015
VL 54
IS 2
BP 368
EP 370
PG 3
GA AR7SY
UT WOS:000343781300016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fang, L
Duan, XF
Chen, RM
Cheng, FQ
AF Fang, Li
Duan, Xiaofang
Chen, Rongming
Cheng, Fangqin
TI An effective utilization of the slag from acid leaching of coal-waste:
Preparation of water glass with a low-temperature co-melting reaction
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID SODIUM; ALUMINUM; SILICA
AB This paper presents an effective utilization of slag from acid leaching of coal-
waste with a novel approach, namely low-temperature co-melting method, for
preparation of sodium silicate (Na2O center dot nSiO(2)) using slag from acid
leaching of coal-waste as feedstock. It is very interesting that the co-melting
reaction temperature of the mixture of Na2CO3 and the feedstock (50 similar to 100
mu m) was as low as 850 degrees C, which was significantly lower than the
temperature used in traditional sodium silicate production (1400 degrees C). The
optimum SiO2/Na2O ratio was identified as 7:3 according to the results of
thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC), ICP-AES, and X-ray
diffraction (XRD) analyses. In this condition, the main product was sodium
disilicate (Na2O center dot 2SiO(2)), with water solubility of 85.0%. More
importantly, the impurities such as aluminum in the feedstock, which had adverse
effect on subsequent treatment, were concentrated almost completely in the filter
residue as insoluble sodium alumunosilicates, i.e., Na(Si2Al)O-6 center dot H2O.
The lower co-melting temperature of this process demonstrates a significant energy-
saving opportunity and thus a promising approach for highly effective utilization
of coal-waste.
Implications: Recently, alumina extraction from coal-waste has been extensively
investigated and industrial applied in China. However, the slag-containing silica
generated from the acid leaching process of coal-waste led to a secondary
pollution, which hindered large-scale production. The proposed low-temperature co-
melting method for preparation of sodium silicate (Na2O center dot nSiO(2)) using
slag from acid leaching of coal-waste as feedstock indicated that it is an
efficient approach for the recovery of silica from the acid-leached slag of coal-
waste with minimal environmental impact.
C1 [Fang, Li; Duan, Xiaofang; Chen, Rongming; Cheng, Fangqin] Shanxi Univ, Inst
Resource & Environm, State Environm Protect Key Lab Efficient Utilizat, Taiyuan,
Peoples R China.
C3 Shanxi University
RP Cheng, FQ (corresponding author), Shanxi Univ, Inst Resource & Environm, State
Environm Protect Key Lab Efficient Utilizat, Taiyuan, Peoples R China.
EM cfangqin@sxu.edu.cn
FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863
Program) [2011AA06A103]
FX The authors wish to thank the financial support from the National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, grant
no. 2011AA06A103).
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TC 2
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 19
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1096-2247
EI 2162-2906
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PY 2014
VL 64
IS 8
BP 887
EP 893
DI 10.1080/10962247.2014.898002
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA AM9NP
UT WOS:000340208600004
PM 25185391
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Teodorescu, R
Badilita, V
Roman, M
Enache, L
Neagu, E
Gheorghe, M
Crisan, A
AF Teodorescu, Romanita
Badilita, Viorel
Roman, Maria
Enache, Lenuta
Neagu, Eleonora
Gheorghe, Maria
Crisan, Aurel
TI OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS FOR TOTAL RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM FROM SMELTING
SLAG 1. REMOVAL OF SOLUBLE SALTS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum slag; AlN; soluble salts; washing process
AB Washing black aluminum (Al) slag to obtain soluble salts is an important stage
of the smelting slag treatment at technological process. This process is used to
recover Al as a coagulant for water purification. This research aims at
establishing the optimal conditions for washing (e.g. temperature (T), solid:
liquid ratio (S : L), time, the recirculation waters in the system). The goal of
research was to determine: a) the removal with maximum efficiency of the soluble
salts from black Al slag; b) to increase the salt content in the washing waters; c)
to decrease the water consumption. Besides, experiments were carried out to
establish the washing parameters for quantitative recovery of Al sulfate out of
acid leaching residue. X-Ray Powder Diffraction Phase Analysis has been performed
for monitoring phase's composition of initial and final slag, after the washing
process. Metallic Al and Aluminum Nitride (AlN) partially disappear from washed
slag, resulting in formation of Al Hydroxides and Oxihydroxides. Also, the washing
process, lead to complete removal of Halite and Sylvite. Experiments were carried
out at the micro-pilot level. At the end, the flow sheet of the process for
quantitative separation of soluble compounds from black Al slag is given.
C1 [Teodorescu, Romanita; Badilita, Viorel; Roman, Maria; Enache, Lenuta; Neagu,
Eleonora] Natl Inst Res & Dev Nonferrous & Rare Met IMNR Bu, Bucharest, Romania.
[Gheorghe, Maria] Tech Univ Civil Engn Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
[Crisan, Aurel] Transilvania Univ Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
RP Teodorescu, R (corresponding author), Natl Inst Res & Dev Nonferrous & Rare Met
IMNR Bu, Bucharest, Romania.
EM romanitateodorescu@yahoo.com
FU The National Research Program [CEEX 53 / 2004, 31- 004 / 2007]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of The National Research
Program, which includes the Projects: CEEX 53 / 2004 and PNCD2 no. 31-
004 / 2007.
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NR 14
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 15
PI IASI
SN 1582-9596
EI 1843-3707
PD DEC
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 12
BP 2455
EP 2463
DI 10.30638/eemj.2013.298
PG 9
GA 302AS
UT WOS:000330574200020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JZ
Fu, Y
Jie, JC
Zhao, JL
Park, J
Kim, J
Li, TJ
AF Li Jizhan
Fu Ying
Jie Jinchuan
Zhao Jialei
Park, Joonpyo
Kim, Jongho
Li Tingju
TI CONTINUOUS CASTING OF THE CLADDING 3003/4004 ALUMINUM ALLOY CIRCULAR
INGOT
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE cladding ingot; continuous casting; interface morphology; interface
bonding strength
ID BIMETAL; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; STRENGTH
AB Cladding metals have been widely applied to many fields because they have many
excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties that can not be obtained
from the single metals. There are many conventional processes for manufacturing
cladding metals, for example roll bonding, diffusion bonding, explosive welding,
extrusion cladding and casting cladding. Among these processes, continuous casting
is an ideal process to prepare cladding metals which has the advantages of high
production efficiency, low production cost and good interface bonding. This process
can make two metals contact directly by the ways of one liquid-one liquid, one
liquid-one solid or one liquid-one semisolid and then the good metallurgical
bonding can be obtained. So, this process is extensively studied by researchers
engaging in material processing. The process of the direct water-cooled continuous
casting to fabricate cladding 3003/4004 aluminum alloy circular ingot is researched
in this paper. The 3003 aluminum alloy has excellent corrosion resistance, low
strength and high melting point, while the 4004 aluminum alloy has poor corrosion
resistance, high strength and low melting point. The cladding 3003/4004 aluminum
alloy material can combine the advantages of two metals and can be widely used in
many fields, especially in car engine and air conditioning heat sink. To obtain the
good interface bonding, a special inner mold with the single-side cooling
capability was applied in this process. By the special inner mold, the two alloys
can make the contact of one liquid-one solid or one liquid-one semi-solid on the
interface. The solidification structure and elemental distribution near the
interface of cladding ingot were systematically detected by OM, SEM and EPAM.
Tensile test was carried out to evaluate the interface bonding strength. The OM
results indicated that the interface of cladding 3003/4004 aluminum alloy ingot was
clear without gas holes and slag inclusion. Most grains were equiaxed in the cross
section of cladding 3003/4004 aluminum alloy circular ingot. The EPAM results
suggested that the interdiffusion of alloy elements in 3003 and 4004 alloy occurred
and there was an about 30 mu m wide diffusion layer near the interface. The entire
tensile specimen fractured in the sides of 3003 alloy with the average ultimate
tensile strength of 107.7 MPa, indicating that the interface bonding strength of
cladding ingot was higher than the ultimate tensile strength of 3003 alloy and the
good metallurgical bonding near the interface was obtained by this process.
C1 [Li Jizhan; Fu Ying; Jie Jinchuan; Zhao Jialei; Li Tingju] Dalian Univ Technol,
Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
[Park, Joonpyo; Kim, Jongho] Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol RIST, Pohang 790600,
South Korea.
C3 Dalian University of Technology
RP Li, TJ (corresponding author), Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Dalian
EM tjuli@dlut.edu.cn
RI Fu, Ying/HMD-6838-2023; sun, chen/JCP-0396-2023
OI fu, ying/0000-0003-3825-8886
FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51074031)
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Xue Z Y, 2006, SPEC CAST NONFERROUS, V26, P101
[薛志勇 XUE Zhiyong], 2005, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
Zhang W., 1998, ACTA METALLURGICA SI, V34, P609
Zhang WW, 2009, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V505, P120, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2008.11.003
Zhang XZ, 2004, ACTA METALL SIN, V40, P281
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 38
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0412-1961
J9 ACTA METALL SIN
JI Acta Metall. Sin.
PD MAR 11
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
BP 297
EP 302
DI 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00507
PG 6
GA 115UF
UT WOS:000316836700007
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Chen, L
Zeng, JH
Chen, Y
Liang, XT
Chen, J
AF Chen Lu
Zeng Jianhua
Chen Yong
Liang Xinteng
Chen Jun
BE Shi, Z
Dong, JH
Ma, W
TI Test study and application of corundum slag in slag-forming of BOF
SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS AND PROCESSES, PTS 1-3
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Materials and Products Manufacturing
Technology (ICMPMT 2012)
CY SEP 22-23, 2012
CL Guangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE converter; composite slag; aluminum oxide; slag former
AB The paper introduced the process of slag-forming by using corundum slag in
converter. The results showed that Al2O3 in corundum can reduce converter slag
melting point, in advance of slag melting. Using this material, slagging process
can be ahead of schedule for 30 similar to 40 seconds and the whole process of slag
melting is good, without splashing, getting drying and lance-sticking. The
consumption of metallic material and lime is reduced, and it shortens the melting
period.
C1 [Chen Lu; Zeng Jianhua; Chen Yong; Liang Xinteng; Chen Jun] PanGang Grp Res Inst
Co Ltd, State Key Lab Vanadium & Titanium Resources Compr, Panzhihua 617000,
Sichuan, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, L (corresponding author), PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, State Key Lab
Vanadium & Titanium Resources Compr, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM wustchenlu@126.com; zeng-jhua@263.net; chenyong880@sohu.com;
13982359321@126.com; 543298253@qq.com
CR Wang Jun, 1999, ANGANG TECHNOLOGY, P10
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PI STAFA-ZURICH
PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-543-0
PY 2013
VL 602-604
BP 45
EP 48
PG 4
GA BFD19
UT WOS:000319233800010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sitnikova, OA
Krasikov, SA
Istomin, SA
Ryabov, VV
Ponomarenko, AA
AF Sitnikova, O. A.
Krasikov, S. A.
Istomin, S. A.
Ryabov, V. V.
Ponomarenko, A. A.
TI Effect of titanium and molybdenum oxides on viscosity and electrical
conductivity of oxide-fluoride slags
LA English
DT Article
DE viscosity; electrical conductivity; titanium and molybdenum oxides;
complex-forming properties
AB The effect of additives of titanium and molybdenum oxides on the viscosity and
electrical conductivity of the Al2O3-CaO-CaF2 oxide-fluoride slag melts at 1750-
1950 K is investigated by vibration viscosimetry and the ac bridge method.
Crystallization intervals are established depending on the variation in the TiO2
and MoO3 concentrations in the melts from 0 to 25%, and it is revealed that the
majority charge carriers are calcium and fluorine ions. These data indicate the
complex-forming character of the behavior of Ti and Mo in aluminum-calcium oxide-
fluoride melts.
C1 [Sitnikova, O. A.; Krasikov, S. A.; Istomin, S. A.; Ryabov, V. V.; Ponomarenko,
A. A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch, Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metallurgy UB RAS
RP Sitnikova, OA (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch,
Ul Amundsena 101, Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia.
EM sitnikova89@mail.ru; sankr@mail.ru; naglec301188@mail.ru;
istomin@imet.mplik.ru; rjabov_46@mail.ru
FX This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation in the framework of the Federal Target Program
"Scientific and Scientific and Pedagogical Personnel of an Innovative
Russia" for 2009-2013.
CR Arsent'ev P P, 1988, FIZIKO KHIMICHESKIE
Esin O.A., 1966, FIZICHESKAYA KHIMIYA
Istomin S.A., 2009, FIZIKO KHIMICHESKIE
Komogorova S. G., 2002, Rasplavy, P88
Kulikov I.S., 1990, IZOTOPY SVOISTVA ELE
LEPINSKIKH BM, 1977, FIZICHESKAYA KHIMIYA
Musikhin V. I., 1974, STROEN SVOISTV MET R, P91
Napalkov V.I., 2002, LEGIROVANIE MODIFITS
Napalkov V.I., 1983, LIGATURY DLYA PROIZV
Pastukhov E.A., 1984, ELEKT SVOISTVA NESTE
Povolotskii D. Ya, 1970, IZV VYSSH UCHEBN ZAV, P8
Selivanov A. A., 2003, Rasplavy, P33
Shalimov A. G., 1970, IZV VYSSH UCHEBN ZAV, P8
Zalomov N. I., 1992, RASPLAVY, P49
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 26
PI NEW YORK
SN 1067-8212
PD NOV
PY 2012
VL 53
IS 6
BP 433
EP 436
DI 10.3103/S1067821212060107
PG 4
GA 061WN
UT WOS:000312881000002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, C
Wang, J
Shu, D
Xue, J
Sun, BD
Xue, YS
Yan, QM
AF Chen Chong
Wang Jun
Shu Da
Xue Jing
Sun Bao-de
Xue Yong-sheng
Yan Qing-min
TI Iron reduction in aluminum by electroslag refining
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; electroslag refining; iron; mechanical properties;
thermodynamic calculation
ID INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; ALLOYS; FE; TITANIUM; SYSTEM; CORNER
AB The effect of electroslag refining on iron reduction from commercial aluminum
was investigated. Cast electrodes of commercial aluminum were electroslag refined
using KCl-NaCl-Na3AlF6 slag containing Na2B4O7. Experimental results indicate that
the iron content decreases with increasing Na2B4O7 addition and remelting time, and
the iron content decreases from 0.400% to 0.184% under 9% Na2B4O7 addition for 30
min remelting. The elastic modulus, yield strength and ultimate tensile strength
commercial aluminum are improved, and the tensile elongation is increased by 43%
after electroslag refining. The chemical reaction between melt and slag to form
Fe2B is the main reason for iron reduction and the thermodynamic calculation of the
chemical reaction theoretically accounts for the formation of Fe2B.
C1 [Chen Chong; Wang Jun; Shu Da; Xue Jing; Sun Bao-de] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ,
Sch Mat Sci & Engn, State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R
China.
[Xue Yong-sheng; Yan Qing-min] Suzhou Zhenwu Elect Furnace Co Ltd, Suzhou
State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM junwang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Shu, Da/I-4546-2016
OI Shu, Da/0000-0003-2563-2998
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50825401]; National Basic
Research Program of China [2012CB61905]
FX Project (50825401) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China; Project (2012CB61905) supported by the National Basic Research
Program of China
[Anonymous], AFS T
Davignon G, 1996, METALL MATER TRANS A, V27, P3357, DOI 10.1007/BF02595428
Hosseinifar M, 2008, J MATER SCI, V43, P7157, DOI 10.1007/s10853-008-3022-2
HU Jian-hua, 2002, PRACTICAL INORGANIC, P57
Möller H, 2010, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V20, pS842
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.073
NARAYANAN LA, 1994, METALL MATER TRANS A, V25, P1761, DOI 10.1007/BF02668540
10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.022
2
Yang CL, 2009, J CRYST GROWTH, V311, P404, DOI 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.11.025
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 15
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD APR
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 4
BP 964
EP 969
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61271-5
PG 6
GA 941BG
UT WOS:000303936200032
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JB
Shen, BX
Zhao, JG
Wang, JM
AF Li, J. -B.
Shen, B. -X.
Zhao, J. -G.
Wang, J. -M.
TI The Effect of Flux on the Melting Characteristics of Coal Ash from the
Liu-qiao No. 2 Coal Mine in North Anhui Province
SO ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
LA English
DT Article
DE ash fusion temperature; coal gasification; flux; melting characteristic
AB The effect of flux on the melting characteristics of coal ash fain, the Liu-qiao
No. 2 Coal Mine in north Anhui province (AQ) was investigated. The change of the
compositions of mineral under various temperatures with the atmosphere of N-2 and
H-2 mixture before and after adding flux into AQ was analyzed by infrared ray.
Results show that mullite formed over 1000 degrees C has an effect on increasing
the ash fusion temperature of coal, and this is the major reason that leads to a
high ash fusion tempo-attire of AQ. The coal ash fusion temperature was obviously
reduced by adding calcium-based flux, magnesium-based flux, and ferrum-based flux.
respectively. While the added mass amount of calcium-based flux is 6.2% (coal as
reference), or the added mass amount of magnesium-based flux is 2.8%, the ash
fusion temperature of AQ could be reduced to below 1350 degrees C to meet the
requirements of the shell gasifier slag-tapping process. The low temperature
eutectic mixtures are easily formed between flux with aluminium silicate minerals
under high temperatures, which will remarkably decrease the coal ash fusion
temperature.
C1 [Li, J. -B.; Shen, B. -X.; Zhao, J. -G.; Wang, J. -M.] E China Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Chem Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
[Li, J. -B.] SINOPEC, Anqing Branch Co, Anqing, Anhui, Peoples R China.
C3 East China University of Science & Technology; Sinopec
RP Zhao, JG (corresponding author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Chem
Engn, 130 Meilong Rd, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
EM zjg13122752231@hotmail.com
RI Zhao, Jigang/E-5827-2017
OI Zhao, Jigang/0000-0002-2773-7200
CR HUFFMAN GP, 1981, FUEL, V60, P585, DOI 10.1016/0016-2361(81)90158-7
Li H., 2007, COAL SCI TECHNOL, V35, P81, DOI [10.3969/j.issn.0253-
2336.2007.01.024, DOI 10.3969/J.ISSN.0253-2336.2007.01.024]
Li H.X., 2002, J CHINA COAL SOC, V27, P29
Xu K., 2006, J S CENTRAL U NATL N, V25, P24
Xu S.S., 2005, LARGE SCALE COAL GAS
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 19
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1556-7036
J9 ENERG SOURCE PART A
JI Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff.
PD MAR-APR
PY 2012
VL 34
IS 5-8
BP 413
EP 419
DI 10.1080/15567031003614565
PN A
PG 7
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 914RG
UT WOS:000301968700004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, J
Chen, C
Sun, BD
AF Wang, Jun
Chen, Chong
Sun, Baode
BE Weiland, H
Rollett, AD
Cassada, WA
TI Effects of Electroslag Refining on Removal of Iron Impurity and Alumina
Inclusions from Aluminum
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALUMINUM ALLOYS
(ICAA13)
LA English
CT 13th International Conference on Aluminum Alloys (ICAA)
CY JUN 03-07, 2012
CL Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA
HO Carnegie Mellon Univ
DE Iron; Alumina Inclusions; Electroslag refining; Aluminum
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOY; FILTRATION; PHASE
AB Effects of electroslag refining on removal of iron impurity and alumina
inclusions from aluminum were studied on a laboratory-scale apparatus. The
electroslag refining experiments were carried out using KCl-NaCl-Na3AlF6 slag. In
the experiments, the electrodes of 40 mm diameter and 80 cm length were fed into
the molten slag to obtain ingots of 70 mm diameter and 20-25 cm length under a
voltage of 10-12 V, a current of 600-700 A and a descending speed of 26-106
mm.min(-1). In the experiment, the 10wt% Na2B4O7 was added to the slag for the
removal of iron. The purification efficiency of electroslag refining for aluminum
increases with the decrement of the melt rate. The iron content can decrease from
0.42% to 0.20wt%(more than a 50% reduction in iron content) after electroslag
refining under the melt rate of 180 g.min(-1), and the removal efficiency of
electroslag refining for alumina inclusions can exceed 97% under the melt rate of
108 g.min(-1).
C1 [Wang, Jun; Chen, Chong; Sun, Baode] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci &
Engn, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
CR Cao X, 2004, J MATER SCI, V39, P2303, DOI 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000019991.70334.5f
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.073
5093(00)01422-2
2
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 5
PI CHICHESTER
BN 978-1-11845-804-4
PY 2012
BP 207
EP 212
PG 6
GA BHI12
UT WOS:000325479800032
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zou, XL
Lu, XG
Li, CH
Zhao, BJ
Ding, WZ
AF Zou Xingli
Lu Xionggang
Li Chonghe
Zhao Bingjian
Ding Weizhong
TI Direct Extraction of Ti5Si3 Alloy from Ti-Bearing
Blast Furnace Slag and the Removal Mechanism of Impurities
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE molten salt electrolysis; Ti5Si3; Ti-bearing blast furnace slag;
controlled oxygen flow metallurgy
ID HEAT-TREATMENT; TITANIUM; REDUCTION; CHLORIDE; OXIDES
AB Ti5Si3 alloy powders were extracted from Ti-bearing blast furnace slag by solid
oxygen ionic membrane controlled oxygen flow metallurgy technology. XRD, SEM and
EDX analyses show that calcium magnesium and aluminum impurities are effectively
removed during electrolysis. The products Ti5Si3 from Ti-bearing blast furnace slag
have similar microstructure and components with the products from the electrolysis
of the mixture of TiO2-SiO2 powder (TiO2:SiO2=5:3). The removal mechanism of
impurities was analyzed.
C1 [Zou Xingli; Lu Xionggang; Li Chonghe; Zhao Bingjian; Ding Weizhong] Shanghai
Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Modern Met & Mat Proc, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanghai University
RP Zou, XL (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Modern Met & Mat
Proc, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
EM zouxingli@shu.edu.cn; luxg@shu.edu.cn
RI Zhao, Bing/HNJ-6617-2023
OI Zou, Xingli/0000-0002-6608-8311
CR Chen CY, 2007, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V36, P1991
Cherginets VL, 2006, INORG CHEM, V45, P7367, DOI 10.1021/ic060181r
DALIBOR V, 2003, MATER SCI ENG, V361, P50
Du YJ, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS A, V31, P763, DOI 10.1007/s11661-000-0018-1
Ferro P.D., 1997, WASTE MANAGEMENT, V17, P451
Fray DJ, 2004, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V20, P295, DOI 10.1179/026708304225012242
Guo Zhen-zhong, 2006, Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), V27,
P1011
Krishnan A, 2005, METALL MATER TRANS B, V36, P463, DOI 10.1007/s11663-005-0037-9
Liu XH, 2003, ACTA METALL SIN, V39, P293
Okamoto H., 1990, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
Schneibel JH, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P3843, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.04.033
[王明玉 WANG Mingyu], 2007, [过程工程学报, The chinese journal of process
engineering], V7, P110
Xiao W, 2007, CHEM-EUR J, V13, P604, DOI 10.1002/chem.200600172
Yang JY, 2000, PHYSICA B, V279, P241, DOI 10.1016/S0921-4526(99)01228-4
Yeh CL, 2008, J ALLOY COMPD, V450, P200, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.10.074
Zhan YZ, 2009, J ALLOY COMPD, V479, P246, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.01.017
Zou Xing-li, 2010, Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals, V20, P1829
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 39
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 41
IS 1
BP 173
EP 177
PG 5
Engineering
GA 904RV
UT WOS:000301216500039
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, YD
Gao, F
Zhang, GF
McLean, A
Barati, M
AF Yang Yin-dong
Gao Feng
Zhang Gui-fang
McLean, Alex
Barati, Mansoor
TI Desulphurization of Hot Metal and Ferronickel With Calcium Aluminate
Fluxes
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium aluminate; environmental concern; ferronickel; hot metal
desulphurization
AB Traditionally, fluxes containing calcium fluoride and other additives are used
for the treatment of hot metal and molten steel. Recently, magnesium powder or
lime-Mg mixture is used more popularly in hot metal desulphurization. However, the
use of calcium fluoride has been restricted due to environmental concerns, and the
supply of magnesium is uncertain for the countries, which are short of magnesium
resource. For those reasons, calcium aluminate fluxes are a possible alternative to
replace slags containing calcium fluoride or magnesium. Calcium aluminate fluxes
can be produced from three different raw materials: (1) high-quality bauxite, (2)
residuals from aluminum dross treatment processes and (3) waste products from
alumina production. Due to the limited amount and high cost associated with high-
quality bauxite, the other two sources are preferred based on both economic and
environmental considerations. The objective of this paper is to examine the use of
waste slags and by-products from the aluminum industry as potential refining fluxes
for the steel industry so that waste disposal from the aluminum industry can be
reduced with economical and environmental benefits for both industrial sectors.
C1 [Yang Yin-dong; Gao Feng; Zhang Gui-fang; McLean, Alex; Barati, Mansoor] Univ
Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
[Zhang Gui-fang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Appl Technol, Kunming 650093,
Peoples R China.
C3 University of Toronto; Kunming University of Science & Technology
RP Yang, YD (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Toronto, ON
M5S 3E4, Canada.
CR POMFRET RJ, 1983, CAN METALL QUART, V22, P287
SOMMERVILLE ID, 1980, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V47, P25
DOI 10.1007/BF02913825
Yang YD, 2001, STEEL PROC, V84, P493
YANG YD, 2004, P WASTE PROCESSING R, V5, P143
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 18
SU 2
BP 74
EP 83
PG 10
GA 820VF
UT WOS:000294933500011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Chen, Y
Zeng, JH
Zhang, M
Pan, H
AF Chen, Yong
Zeng, Jianhua
Zhang, Min
Pan, Hong
BE Sang, XM
Wang, PC
Ai, L
Li, YG
Bu, JL
TI Research on Key Technologies of 38CrMoAl Steel Produced by BOF-LF-RH-CC
Process
SO MATERIALS AND DESIGN, PTS 1-3
LA English
CT International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and
Technology (AEMT2011)
CY JUL 29-31, 2011
CL Sanya, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE 38CrMoAl steel; refining slag; mold powder; tundish powder; cleanliness
AB Nozzle blockage is easy to take place in continuous casting process when
producing 38CrMoAl steel due to high content of aluminum ([AI]=0.7%similar to
1.1%). Slag-steel reaction will lead to large transformation for composition of
molten steel and performance of slag on the condition of traditional high content
of SiO2 in slag. And it will reduce the cleanliness of steel as well. The control
target of refining slag and tundish powder has been gotten through the analysis of
refining & continuous casting characteristics of high aluminum steel. Based on
this, the content of Si and Al in molten steel can be controlled accurately, and
the cleanliness of steel has gone to a higher level. Moreover, mold powder with
high basicity and vitrification ensures the stability of slag after sorbing Al2O3
inclusions in theory. Continuous casting can be carried out successfully with the
control of inclusion morphology through slag washing during tapping. Industrial
practice shows that Si content is 0.25%similar to 0.40%, Al content is 0.80%similar
to 1.00%, S content is below 0.004% and T[O] is below 0.0015% in steel products.
Moreover, casting bloom with good surface quality is achieved, and the rate of
bloom without cleaning is as high as 100%. With all these countermeasures, 38CrMoAl
steel can be continuously cast for more than 6 heats.
C1 [Chen, Yong; Zeng, Jianhua; Zhang, Min; Pan, Hong] Pangang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd,
Sichuan 611731, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, Y (corresponding author), Pangang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, Sichuan 611731,
Peoples R China.
EM chenyong880@yahoo.com.cn; zeng-jhua@263.net; muyufile@163.com;
panhong110110@126.com
CR Huang X F, 2002, FERROUS METAL PRINCI
RIBOUD P, 1985, REV METALL-PARIS, V82, P801
Wang Q., 2004, SPECIAL STEEL, V25, P1
XIE Bing, 2004, STUDY RELATED BASIC, P131
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PI STAFA-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-191-3
PY 2011
VL 284-286
BP 1031
EP 1038
PN 1-3
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials
Science, Composites
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA BZS09
UT WOS:000302669800211
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DY
Zhang, ZX
Wang, HH
Jiang, MF
AF Wang De-yong
Zhang Zhi-xiang
Wang Hui-hua
Jiang Mao-fa
TI Characteristic Analysis of Solidified Crust for Basic Tundish Flux With
Al-Killed Steel Casting
LA English
DT Article
DE tundish flux; solidified crust; spinel; formation approach
ID INCLUSION
AB The solidified crust was harmful to Al-killed steel casting using a basic
tundish flux. After sampling from an actual tundish, XRD, SEM and EDX examinations
were carried out to analyze the microstructure of solidified crusts. The
conclusions were obtained as follows: main crystallization phases existing in
tundish crust were Ca-12 A(14) O-33, Ca2SiO4 and a little spinel; spinel and
Ca2SiO4 distributed between the grain boundaries of Ca-12 A(14) O-33, which
increased the connection strength of crystallization phases by pinning grain
boundary, density or hardness of solidified crust maybe also significantly
increases; when initial composition of tundish flux was located in spinel region of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-10%MgO phase diagram, it was easier to precipitate spinel from
molten slag; three approaches of spinet formation in flux were summarized. When
flux was saturated with magnesia on the metal/flux interface. MgO in flux was
reduced by dissolved aluminum and then formed spinel. On the interface of
steel/refractory, with feasible aluminum content, it was also easy to form spinel,
and spinel inclusions will be floated and captured by tundish flux.
C1 [Wang De-yong; Zhang Zhi-xiang; Jiang Mao-fa] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat,
[Wang Hui-hua] Shenyang Univ Chem Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Shenyang 110142,
C3 Northeastern University - China; Shenyang University of Chemical
Technology
RP Wang, DY (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang
EM wangdy@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Li, Shuya/JHT-2171-2023; Zhang, Yun/JCN-7026-2023
OI Li, Shuya/0000-0001-5320-8452;
FX Foundation Item: Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation
of China(50904017)
CR BESSHO N, 1992, ISIJ INT, V32, P157, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.32.157
Byun JS, 2003, ACTA MATER, V51, P1593, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00560-8
Schade J, 1993, IRON STEELMAKER, V20, P29
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD JAN
PY 2011
VL 18
IS 1
BP 16
EP 19
DI 10.1016/S1006-706X(11)60004-6
PG 4
GA 752QA
UT WOS:000289706200004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Senk, D
AF Senk, Dieter
BE Chandra, T
Wanderka, N
Reimers, W
Ionescu, M
TI Effects of Casting Flux Interaction with Steel Melt on Lubrication in CC
Moulds
SO THERMEC 2009, PTS 1-4
SE Materials Science Forum
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Processing and Manufacturing of Advanced
Materials
CY AUG 25-29, 2009
CL Berlin, GERMANY
DE Thin Slab Casting; Friction Forces; Steel Quality; Steel Composition;
Casting Flux
ID FRICTION
AB Lubrication in CC moulds controls the shear forces to the sensible strand
surface. Since that friction forces are depending on casting speed and the flux
behaviour, a study on lubrication have experimentally been carried out when the
slag is in contact with liquid steel. Particularly, higher amounts of aluminium in
the steel as for pure de-oxidation lead to remarkable redox-reactions and to
modified casting slags for the gap between strand and mould. Friction coefficients
have been determined and applied to several strand shapes and castings velocities.
C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Ferrous Met, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
RP Senk, D (corresponding author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Ferrous Met,
Intzestr 1, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
EM dieter.senk@iehk.rwth-aachen.de
CR [Anonymous], PHYS WISSENSCHAFTLER
HAMADOU H, 2006, THESIS RWTH AACHEN U
HELLER HP, 1988, NEUE HUTTE, P9
HERING L, 1992, NEUE HUTTE, V37, P339
Macias E, 2002, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V29, P347, DOI 10.1179/030192302225004557
Miller VA, 2000, SEMIN ONCOL, V27, P3
MUNCH A, 2008, THESIS RWTH AACHEN U
RIBOUD P, 1992, METALLURGIE STRANGGI, P233
Royzman SE, 1997, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V24, P484
Wolf M., 1994, P 2 EUR CONT CAST C, V1, P78
Yao M, 1996, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V23, P522
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PI STAFA-ZURICH
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2010
VL 638-642
BP 3628
EP 3633
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.638-642.3628
PN 1-4
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials;
Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites
GA BQH93
UT WOS:000281043801265
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lv, X
Zhang, L
AF Lv, X.
Zhang, L.
TI PURIFICATION OF ALUMINUM THROUGH GAS AND POWDER FLUXING: PART I.
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
LA English
DT Article
ID POWER-CONSUMPTION; AERATED VESSELS; INJECTION; HYDROGEN; BUBBLES
AB Mathematical models for the removal of impurity elements from molten aluminum
through injecting inert gas, reactive powders, slag refining and combinations of
these methods, are well-developed including models to calculate the removal
efficiency of impurity elements for batch reactor and continuous reactor for each
method. The models were validated with experimental measurements. The removal
efficiencies of the sodium and calcium predicted by the models agree well with the
measurements. Compared with the single models, the combined model can give a more
accurate prediction and the contribution of each method on the removal efficiency
can be qualified. The model is useful to improve the removal efficiency of impurity
elements by gas combined with powder fluxing.
C1 [Lv, X.] Chongqing Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 630044, Peoples R China.
[Lv, X.; Zhang, L.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Rolla, MO
USA.
C3 Chongqing University; University of Missouri System; Missouri University
of Science & Technology
RP Lv, X (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM lvxuewei@163.com; zhanglife@mst.edu
CR BOTOR J, 1980, ALUMINIUM, V56, P519
Chesonis DC, 2008, LIGHT MET, P569
CLIFT R, 1978, BUBBLE DROPS PARTICL
DANTZIG JA, 1980, METALLURGICAL MAT B, V1, P433
DEYOUNG DH, 2001, 7 AUSTR AS PAC C WHI
HUR BY, 2003, MAT SCI FORUM
LV X, 2008, METALLURGICA B UNPUB
Paglianti A, 2000, CAN J CHEM ENG, V78, P386, DOI 10.1002/cjce.5450780214
Paglianti A., 2002, CAN J CHEM ENG, V80, P1, DOI [10.1002/cjce.5450800409, DOI
10.1002/CJCE.5450800409]
SEVIK M, 1973, J FLUID ENG-T ASME, V95, P53, DOI 10.1115/1.3446958
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PI ABINGDON
SN 0008-4433
EI 1879-1395
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD OCT
PY 2009
VL 48
IS 4
BP 369
EP 377
PG 9
GA 529VG
UT WOS:000272546300005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kanbe, Y
Todoroki, H
Kobayashi, Y
Shitogiden, K
AF Kanbe, Yuichi
Todoroki, Hidekazu
Kobayashi, Yusuke
Shitogiden, Kiyoteru
TI Development of Technology to Control Mg Content in Molten Nickel Alloy
of NW2201
LA English
DT Article
DE NW2201; nickel; hot-workability; Mg; Al; slag; equilibrium; kinetics;
mass-transfer
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; MAGNESIUM; ALUMINUM; SLAGS; AL
AB Technology to precisely control Mg content has been developed to improve hot-
workability of NW2201 Ni alloy. Relatively high standard deviation of Mg contents,
0.007, out of average Mg content of 0.02 mass% was problem among heats. This
brought poor hot-workability leading to sliver-like surface defects on the strip
when Mg content was relatively high or low.
Laboratory-scale experiments were performed to understand the behavior of Mg in
terms of equilibrium and mass-transfer of the slag/metal reaction of 3(MgO)
+2Al=(Al(2)O(3))+3Mg. Experiments were firstly carried out to understand Mg content
in molten Ni equilibrated with CaO-Al(2)O(3)-MgO-CaF, system slags. It was found
that Mg content in liquid Ni depended on Al content and C/A (CaO/Al(2)O(3) ratio in
mass%) in the slag. The measured Mg contents mostly agreed with thermodynamic
calculation. Further, kinetic analysis was also undertaken experimentally by
approaching from both higher and lower Mg contents to the equilibrium Mg content.
As a result, mass-transfer of Mg in molten Ni is considered as the rate-determining
step for the above reaction.
By applying the countermeasures, introduced from the view points of both
equilibrium and kinetics, for practice, the standard deviation of Mg content was
improved from 0.007 to 0.003 among heats. Consequently, the defects have been
improved successfully.
C1 [Kanbe, Yuichi] Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd, Project Planning & Dev Dept, Chuo Ku,
Tokyo 1048365, Japan.
[Todoroki, Hidekazu; Kobayashi, Yusuke; Shitogiden, Kiyoteru] Yakin Kawasaki Co
Ltd, Nippon Yakin Kogyo Grp, Dev Technol Dept, Kawasaki Ku, Kanagawa 2108558,
Japan.
RP Kanbe, Y (corresponding author), Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co Ltd, Project Planning &
Dev Dept, Chuo Ku, 1-5-8 Kyobashi, Tokyo 1048365, Japan.
EM yuuichi.kanbe@nyk.jp
Debarbadillo J.J., 1976, P 3 INT S SUP TMS WA, P95
HARUNA Y, 1986, TETSU TO HAGANE, V72, pS502
HIRATA S, 2004, CAMP ISIJ, V17, P1286
ISHII F, 1995, TETSU TO HAGANE, V81, P786
KATSUKI J, 2000, CAMP ISIJ, V13, P883
KATSUMATA A, 2003, CAMP ISIJ, V16, P1068
Nakao R., 1987, TETSU TO HAGANE, V73, pS941
NUMATA M, 2008, CAMP ISIJ, V21, P1000
SAMUELSSON E, 1992, METALL TRANS B, V23, P805, DOI 10.1007/BF02656459
Shinozaki N., 1981, TETSU TO HAGANE, V67, P70
Shinozaki N., 1982, TETSU TO HAGANE, V68, P72
Zhao YH, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P197, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0022-1
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2009
VL 49
IS 6
BP 837
EP 842
PG 6
GA 463BH
UT WOS:000267402900012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU He, JQ
Shi, ZM
Chen, DL
Jiang, XL
Yan, XZ
AF He Jin-qiao
Shi Zhang-ming
Chen Dong-lin
Jiang Xian-liang
Yan Xiao-zhong
TI Slagging characteristics of molten coal ash on silicon-aluminum
combustion liners of boiler
SO JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pulverous coal ash; slagging characteristics; crystallinity; combustion
liner
AB In order to study the slagging characteristics of boiler combustion liners
during pulverized coal stream combustion, the slag samples on the surface of
combustion liner were investigated by X-ray diffractometry, scan electron
microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and the transformation
characteristics of the compositions and crystal phases were studied. The results
show that the size of slag granules decreases as the slagging temperature
increases; the crystallinity of coal ash. reduces to about 48.6% when the
temperature is increased up to 1 350 degrees C, and that of the coal ash. reduces
to about 65% when the temperature is increased up to 1 500 degrees C; the
encroachment of molten coal ash to the combustion liner is strengthened. At the
same time, the diffusion and the segregation of the compositions in combustion
liners have selectivity, which is in favor of enhancing the content of crystal
phases, weakening the conglutination among molten slag compositions and combustion
liner, and avoiding yielding big clinkers. But the diffusion of the compositions in
combustion liners increases the porosity and decreases the mechanical intensity of
combustion liner, and makes the slag encroachment to the liner become more serious.
C1 [He Jin-qiao; Shi Zhang-ming; Chen Dong-lin] Cent S Univ, Sch Energy Sci & Engn,
[He Jin-qiao; Chen Dong-lin; Yan Xiao-zhong] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Inst
Energy Source & Power Engn, Changsha 410076, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Jiang Xian-liang] Cent S Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410083, Hunan,
Peoples R China.
C3 Central South University; Changsha University of Science & Technology;
Central South University
RP He, JQ (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Energy Sci & Engn, Changsha
EM 8710054@163.com
RI He, Jinqiao/JFS-9099-2023
FX Project( 50576005) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China
CR BAXTER LL, 1993, FUEL, V72, P1411, DOI 10.1016/0016-2361(93)90417-Z
BSTEENARI BM, 1998, FUEL, V77, P407
CEN Kefa, 1994, AVOIDING PRINCIPLE C
[陈吟颖 Chen Yinying], 2003, [动力工程, Power engineering], V23, P2635
DAI LJ, 1999, J GUIZHOU U NATURAL, V16, P182
ERICKSON TA, 1995, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V44, P155, DOI 10.1016/0378-
3820(95)00014-X
HUFFMAN GP, 1981, FUEL, V60, P585, DOI 10.1016/0016-2361(81)90158-7
JON W, 2003, FUEL, V82, P1859
Liang SQ, 2007, J CENT SOUTH UNIV T, V14, P1, DOI 10.1007/s11771-007-0001-8
Liu Y.H., 2003, PRINCIPLE APPL XRAY
MISCHA T, 2006, FUEL, V85, P1992
Rushdi A, 2004, FUEL, V83, P495, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2003.08.013
Skrifvars BJ, 1998, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V56, P55, DOI 10.1016/S0378-
3820(97)00084-2
Xiao J, 2006, J CENT SOUTH UNIV T, V13, P367, DOI 10.1007/s11771-006-0050-4
XU ZY, 2000, PRINCIPLES PHASE TRA
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIV
PI HUNAN
PA EDITORIAL OFF, CHANGSHA, CHINA MAINLAND, HUNAN 410083, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1005-9784
EI 1993-0666
J9 J CENT SOUTH UNIV T
JI J. Cent. South Univ. Technol.
PD DEC
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 6
BP 840
EP 844
DI 10.1007/s11771-008-0155-z
PG 5
GA 384OA
UT WOS:000261752900019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Seki, I
Tanabe, J
Nagata, K
AF Seki, Ichiro
Tanabe, Jun
Nagata, Kazuhiro
TI Deoxidization Equilibria with Zirconium and Sulfur Partition for Molten
Iron/CaO-Al2O3-ZrO2 Slag at 1873K
LA English
DT Article
DE molten iron; oxygen; sulfur distribution ratio; sulfide capacity;
activity
ID ALUMINUM; OXYGEN; SYSTEM; IRON
AB The relationship of zirconium and oxygen concentrations with sulfide capacity
was clarified using equilibrated molten iron with CaO-Al2O3ZrO2 slag at 1873 K.
Al2O3 and CaO-stabilized ZrO2 crucible saturated compositions were equilibrated
with CaO center dot 2Al(2)O(3) and crucible solid solution (Css) in the CaO-ZrO2
system, and with CaO center dot ZrO2 and Css, respectively. From the concentrations
of zirconium and oxygen dissolved in molten iron, ZrO2 activities of the slag of
the Al2O3 crucible and ZrO2 crucible compositions were determined to be 0.885 and
0.0343, respectively. On the other hand, the sulfur distribution ratio of the ZrO2
crucible saturated composition was higher than that of the Al2O3 crucible saturated
composition. Sulfide capacities were determined to be 6.30x10(-5) and 8.07x10(-5)
in the Al2O3 and the ZrO2 crucible saturated compositions, respectively.
C1 [Seki, Ichiro] Tohoku Univ, Dept Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577,
Japan.
[Tanabe, Jun] Nippon Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Miyashiro, Saitama
3458501, Japan.
[Nagata, Kazuhiro] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
C3 Tohoku University; Tokyo Institute of Technology
RP Seki, I (corresponding author), Tohoku Univ, Dept Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai,
Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
RI 関, 一郎/C-4211-2015
CR Japan Society For The Promotion Of Science, 1988, STEELM DAT SOURC
SHINOZAKI N, 1994, TETSU TO HAGANE, V80, P748, DOI
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.80.10_748
UCHIMURA M, 1995, CAMP ISIJ, V8, P1016
YAMAGUCHI K, 1990, CAMP ISIJ, V3, P1216
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 79
IS 11
BP 817
EP 820
DI 10.1002/srin.200806204
PG 4
GA 376CM
UT WOS:000261160600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, PS
Min, BY
Choi, WK
Jung, CH
Oh, WZ
Kang, Y
AF Song, Pyung Seob
Min, Byung Youn
Choi, Wang Kyu
Jung, Chong Hun
Oh, Won Zin
Kang, Yong
TI Distribution of the Radionuclides during the Melting of Aluminum Wastes
Generated from the TRIGA MARK III Research Reactor
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN
LA English
CT 10th Asian Conference on Fluidized-Bed and Three-Phase Reactors
CY NOV 26-29, 2006
CL Busan, SOUTH KOREA
DE Radionuclide Distribution; Melting; Aluminum Waste; Ingot; Slag
AB Characteristics of radionuclide distribution on the melting conditions, flux
types, and kinds of radionuclide were investigated in an electric arc furnace. The
results of the radionuclide partitioning in the oxidation conditions showed a
similar trend with the results in the inert gas conditions. In contrast to the
removal of the cobalt in the melting decontamination of the steel wastes, it was
easily removed to the slag phase in the aluminum melting process.
C1 [Song, Pyung Seob; Min, Byung Youn; Choi, Wang Kyu; Jung, Chong Hun; Oh, Won
Zin] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, R&D Decommissioning & Decontaminat, Taejon 305600,
South Korea.
[Kang, Yong] Chungnam Natl Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea.
University
RP Min, BY (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, R&D Decommissioning
& Decontaminat, POB 150, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
OI Kang, Yong/0000-0001-9177-4404
CR ANIGSTEIN R, 2001, TECHNICAL SUPPORT RE
GARBAY H, 1991, EUR13160FR COMM EUR
Roy RR, 1997, MATER T JIM, V38, P571, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.38.571
Silny A, 1997, LIGHT METALS 1997, P871
Tenorio JAS, 1997, LIGHT METALS 1997, P1105
Ye J, 1996, LIGHT METALS 1996, P1225
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SOC CHEMICAL ENG JAPAN
PI BUNKYO KU TOKYO
PA KYORITSU BUILDING 4-16-19 KOHINATA, BUNKYO KU TOKYO, 112, JAPAN
SN 0021-9592
J9 J CHEM ENG JPN
JI J. Chem. Eng. Jpn.
PD JUL
PY 2008
VL 41
IS 7
BP 602
EP 606
DI 10.1252/jcej.07WE082
PG 5
SC Engineering
GA 408VX
UT WOS:000263464500013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Hernández, VH
Reyes, F
Gutiérrez, J
Plascencia, G
Martínez, F
AF Hernandez, Victor H.
Reyes, Fidel
Gutierrez, Juliana
Plascencia, Gabriel
Martinez, Fernando
BE Ochsner, A
Murch, GE
TI Kinetic description of the mass transfer in ladle metallurgy operations
SO DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS III
SE Defect and Diffusion Forum
LA English
CT 3rd International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids
CY JUL 04-06, 2007
CL Algarve, PORTUGAL
DE ladle metallurgy; mass transfer; rate of reaction; mass transfer
coefficient
ID SUBMERGED POWDER INJECTION; GAS STIRRED MELTS; SLAG-METAL;
DESULFURIZATION; HYDRODYNAMICS; ALUMINUM; STEEL; MODEL
AB In this work a kinetic model which describes the main refining reactions in a
ladle furnace is depicted. The main difference between this work and other models
previously reported relies on a formal quantification of the multi-component
diffusion kinetics expressed as an analytical solution. Results from this model
reproduce/predict adequately the chemical steps involved in an integrated steel
shop.
C1 [Hernandez, Victor H.; Reyes, Fidel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept
Ingn Quim Met, Edifico D Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Gutierrez, Juliana] ESIME Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02250, DF, Mexico.
[Plascencia, Gabriel; Martinez, Fernando] CIITEC IPN, Mexico City 02250, DF,
Mexico.
C3 Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidad Autonoma
Metropolitana - Mexico
RP Hernández, VH (corresponding author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Quim, Dept
Ingn Quim Met, Edifico D Fac Quim, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
EM ggutierrezp@ipn.mx; g.plascencia@utoronto.ca; fmartinezp@ipn.mx
RI Plascencia, Gabriel/A-1277-2008; Gutierrez, Guadalupe
Juliana/AAQ-9911-2021
OI Plascencia, Gabriel/0000-0001-9425-5255; Gutierrez, Guadalupe
Juliana/0000-0003-2918-7377; MARTINEZ-PINON,
FERNANDO/0000-0002-6845-6085
CR BODSWORTH C, 1972, PHYSICALCHEMISTRY IR
El-Kaddah N., 1981, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V8, P269
FRUEHAN RJ, 1986, LADLE METALLURGY PRI
GHOSH A, 2000, 2 STEELMAKING PRINCI
HERNANDEZ VH, 1988, 10 S NACL SID MEX
HIRASAWA M, 1987, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V27, P283
HOLAPPA L, 1982, MET REV, V27, P1
LEHNER T, 1981, CAN METALL QUART, V20, P163
QU Y, 1983, 3 INT C REF IR STEEL
SAHAI Y, 1982, METALL TRANS B, V13, P203, DOI 10.1007/BF02664577
SAHAI Y, 1982, METALL TRANS B, V13, P193, DOI 10.1007/BF02664576
TRACY BM, 1983, 3 INT C REF IR STEEL, V3
VENKATADRI AS, 1986, 4 INT C INJ MET SCAN, V4
WARD MA, 1962, INTRO PHYS CHEM IRON
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1012-0386
J9 DEFECT DIFFUS FORUM
PY 2008
VL 273-276
BP 491
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.273-276.491
PG 2
GA BHM83
UT WOS:000254387700080
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandal, K
Ghosh, A
AF Mandal, K
Ghosh, A
TI Process analysis for secondary steelmaking in ladle furnace
LA English
DT Article
AB In connection with prediction and control of manganese, carbon and aluminium
contents in molten steel during refining in ladle furnace, some process analyses
based on materials balance, thermodynamics, and plant data were carried out for
minimizing errors in some process parameters and for better fundamental
understanding of the process. This paper reports the procedures and results of the
same on calculation of slag weights, assessment of slag-metal thermodynamic
equilibria with respect to reactions of Mn and Al, comparison of various methods of
determination of dissolved aluminium in molten steel, and finally materials
balances for Mn, C, Al between OLP-out and LF-out.
C1 Tata Res Dev & Design Ctr, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Indian Inst Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Technology (IIT) - Kanpur
RP Mandal, K (corresponding author), McMaster Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hamilton,
ON, Canada.
CR Deb P, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P200, DOI 10.1002/srin.200100106
GHOSH A, 1990, PRINCIPLES SECONDARY, P14
KRACICH RE, 1996, I SM JUL, P41
LEE G, 1996, STEELM C IR STEEL SO, P61
MANDAL K, 2002, TATA SEARCH, P125
Mukhopadhyay A, 2001, STEEL RES, V72, P192, DOI 10.1002/srin.200100105
The Japan Soc, 1988, STEELM DAT SOURC, p[39, 55, 117]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0972-2815
EI 0975-1645
PD APR
PY 2003
VL 56
IS 2
BP 85
EP 93
PG 9
GA 682ZF
UT WOS:000183121700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Prasad, VVS
Rao, AS
Prakash, U
Rao, VR
Rao, PK
Gupt, KM
AF Prasad, VVS
Rao, AS
Prakash, U
Rao, VR
Rao, PK
Gupt, KM
TI Recycling of valuable scrap through electroslag processing
LA English
DT Article
AB Recycling of metals and alloys is important for conservation of natural mineral
resources, reduction in energy consumption and minimization of environmental
pollution. Light scrap of reactive metals and alloys containing reactive elements
is diffifult to recyle by conventional methods of melting. At the Defence
Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL), Hyderabad, electroslag melting
technologies have been developed for recycling light scrap of valuable metals and
alloys such as superalloys and oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) copper.
Conventionally, electroslag melting processes use consumable electrodes. Because of
the difficulty in compaction of scrap into a consumable electrode of satisfactory
quality, non-consumable electrodes such as graphite and water-cooled copper have
been designed. Electroslag remelting using water-cooled non-consumable electrode
was used to melt scrap of a nickel base superalloy. Sound ingots with smooth
surface finish and properties comparable to vacuum melted superalloys could be
obtained from scrap using this process. OFHC copper scrap was melted by a modified
electroslag crucible melting process using graphite crucible and graphite
electrode. Process parameters including slag composition were optimised to produce
copper ingots with oxygen less than 10 ppm and electrical conductivity approximate
to 100% IACS. The same process was also utilised to produce copper-chromium (Cu-Cr)
ingots starting from copper scrap and pure chromium metal. The alloy exhibited
superior room temperature tensile properties and high temperature ductility.
Alternatively, Cu-Cr could also be produced by in-situ reduction of chromium oxide
by aluminium during electroslag crucible melting.
Natl Met Lab, Jamshedpur 7, Bihar, India.
Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India.
Metallurgical Research Laboratory (DMRL); Council of Scientific &
Industrial Research (CSIR) - India; CSIR - National Metallurgical
Laboratory (NML); Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System);
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Bombay
RP Prasad, VVS (corresponding author), Def Met Res Lab, Po Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad
CR ALLISON B, 1954, ACS MONOGR SER, P244
*ASM, 1979, COURC BOOK COPP COPP, P24
*ASM, 1986, MET HDB, V2, P309
Gadalla A.M.M., 1964, BRIT CERAM T, V63, P39
GUPTA VK, 1972, T INDIAN I METALS, V25, P33
Hoyle G., 1983, ELECTROSLAG PROCESS
JANIAJEVIC D, 1961, MET PROG, V79, P112
KANO M, 1988, Z METALLKD, V79, P684
Latash Yu. V., 1990, ADV SPECIAL ELECTROM, V6, P109
LUKYANETS VP, 1988, ADV SPECIAL ELECTROM, V4, P140
MOZHAEV VM, 1972, SPECIAL ELECTROMET 1, P127
MUKHERJEE TK, 1975, HIGH CONDUCTIVITY CO, P44
PATON BE, 1991, CONT ELECTROSLAG CRU, P3
PATON BE, 1990, ADV SPECIAL ELECTROM, V6, P5
REDDY RG, 1986, METALS APR, P49
VEASEY TJ, 1993, PHYSICAL SEPARATION, V1
1984, CASTING COPPER BASE, P187
1963, MET PROG, V84, P124
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 12
PU INDIAN INST METALS
PI CALCUTTA
PA METAL HOUSE, PLOT 13/4, BLOCK AQ, SECTOR V, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA 700 091,
INDIA
SN 0019-493X
PD FEB-APR
PY 2002
VL 55
IS 1-2
BP 9
EP 14
PG 6
GA 599FU
UT WOS:000178324100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Baldock, BR
Short, WE
AF Baldock, BR
Short, WE
GP AUSIMM
AUSIMM
TI Australian Technology on the world scene - Update on Ausmelt plants and
projects
SO MINPREX 2000: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MINERAL PROCESSING AND
EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY
SE AUSTRALASIAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY PUBLICATION SERIES
LA English
CT International Congress on Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
(MINPREX 2000)
CY SEP 11-13, 2000
CL MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
AB Ausmelt top submerged lance technology is at the cutting edge of technological
developments in non-ferrous metal smelting with commercial operations throughout
the world. The Technology is being used for lead smelting, copper smelting and
matte converting, fuming zinc from slags, recycling iron residue from zinc plants,
processing the aluminium industry hazardous waste SPL, precious metal processing,
nickel-copper residue smelting and converting, and tin smelting. The Technology is
also being developed for projects involving iran-making and waste industry
opportunities.
There are 19 furnaces operable or under design at the time of writing. The
benefits to operators using Ausmelt Technology vary depending on application, but
typically result from environmental improvements, enhanced recovery of valuable
products, lower capital and operating costs, more flexible operations capable of
handling a wide range of feed materials, better removal of impurities, or improved
product quality.
Growing industry acceptance of the Technology is evidenced by the fact that more
than 20 per cent of the world's tin production will be extracted in systems using
Ausmelt Technology when the Yunnan Tin Corporation plant starts up in 2001.
Metallurgists, industrialists and investors have accepted the Technology for
improved operations in both greenfield main smelters and add-on plants in Korea,
China, Japan, Germany, Peru, Zimbabwe, India, Namibia and Australia.
Ausmelt intends that this paper will update the industry by outlining recent
achievements of the Technology in global metallurgical operations.
C1 Ausmelt Ltd, Dandenong, Vic 3175, Australia.
RP Baldock, BR (corresponding author), Ausmelt Ltd, 12 Kitchen Rd, Dandenong, Vic
3175, Australia.
CR BULTITUDEPAULL JM, 1989, P NONF SMELT S AUSTR, P255
Choi C. Y., 1999, REWAS 99
EATON GP, 1997, MINERAL IND SURVEYS, P5
Floyd JM, 1998, ZINC AND LEAD PROCESSING, P861
FLOYD JM, 1999, P ICARISM 99 AUSTR I, P161
FLOYD JM, 1999, REWAS 99
FLOYD JM, 1993, HIGH INTENSITY PYROM
JEPPE CP, 1996, LIGHT MET S 96 35 AN
KARPEL S, 1998, METAL B MAGAZINE DEC, P40
KIM MB, IN PRESS TMS 2000 FA
MARKHAM P, 1994, 16 CCMI C JOH SAIMM, V2, P295
MILLS A, 1992, P EXTR MET GOLD BAS, P465
Mounsey EN, 1998, SULFIDE SMELTING '98, P287
MOUNSEY EN, 1999, COPPER 99 COBRE 99, P1005
ROBILLIARD KR, 2000, TMS 2000 ANN M EPD C
SWAYN GP, 1998, GDMB C 58 M COPP COM
1997, MINING J LONDON 0725, P68
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AUSTRALASIAN INST MINING & METALLURGY
PI PARKVILLE VICTORIA
PA CLUNIES ROSS HOUSE 191 ROYAL PARADE, PARKVILLE VICTORIA, 3052, AUSTRALIA
BN 1-875776-77-X
J9 AUSTRALAS I MIN MET
PY 2000
VL 2000
IS 5
BP 169
EP 174
PG 6
GA BR46C
UT WOS:000166473700020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Russell, RM
Sweeney, J
AF Russell, RM
Sweeney, J
BE Stewart, DL
Daley, JC
Stephens, RL
TI Reclaiming salt flux from aluminum salt slag wastes process design -
Product performance
SO FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECYCLING OF METALS AND ENGINEERED
MATERIALS, PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 4th International Symposium on Recycling of Metals and Engineered
Materials
CY OCT 22-25, 2000
CL PITTSBURGH, PA
AB The disposal of Aluminum slag wastes continues to challenge an otherwise
environmentally beneficial and highly desirable industry - Aluminum Recycling. Slag
wastes contain soluble salts that can be reused in aluminum smelting. Reclaiming
salt is a logical first step in eliminating slag waste.
Reclaiming salt flux has been conducted on a limited basis in the United States
for reasons of economy. Practical methods and rising landfill tipping fees will
increase the number of plants which opt to recover salts from slag wastes.
The authors share their experiences in the design, operation and startup of a
commercial scale flux reclamation plant operated by Tennessee Aluminum Processors
at Mt. Pleasant Tennessee. This paper identifies three elements that allow
practical operations:
Minimizing Evaporator Heat Duty
Simplifying Evaporator Operations
Potassium Chloride Fortification of the Recycled Salt.
C1 RMR Engn LLC, Nashville, TN USA.
RP Russell, RM (corresponding author), RMR Engn LLC, Nashville, TN USA.
CR Magyar MJ., 1980, EXPT PROCESSING SALT
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-494-1
PY 2000
BP 1171
EP 1179
PG 3
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Environmental; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering;
Materials Science
GA BU95E
UT WOS:000177472600102
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Schreck, P
Witzke, T
Pöllmann, H
AF Schreck, P
Witzke, T
Pöllmann, H
BE Rammlmair, D
Mederer, J
Oberthur, T
Heimann, RB
Pentinghaus, H
TI Heavy metal fixation in leachates from copper mining by optimising
natural reservoir mineral precipitation
SO APPLIED MINERALOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2: RESEARCH, ECONOMY, TECHNOLOGY, ECOLOGY
AND CULTURE
LA English
CT 6th International Congress on Applied Mineralogy (ICAM 2000)
CY JUL 17-19, 2000
CL GOTTINGEN, GERMANY
AB Reservoir minerals of the hydrotalcite group, especially glaucocerinite
[Zn5Al3(OH)(16)] [(SO4)(1.5) (H2O)(9)], are able to extract metals from leachates
by incorporation in their crystal lattice. The formation of these minerals strongly
depends on the pH and the availability of trivalent cations such as Al, Fe and Cr.
Leachates from smelting residues in the former "Kupferschiefer" mining district in
Germany contain up to 2000 mg/l zinc, 6000 mg/l sulphate and about 15 mg/l
aluminium. Natural precipitation of glaucocerinite occurs around the outflow of a
slag heap and immobilises 6-10% of the zinc and about 10% of the sulphate in the
leachate. We showed in lab experiments that adding trivalent cations (Al, Fe, Cr)
to the leachate and increasing the pH from 6 to 7 results in increased
glaucocerinite precipitation and eventually immobilises more than 95% of the zinc
in leachate. If applied on an industrial scale, metal-absorbing reservoir minerals
may become powerful tools for leachate treatment and a future resource for
economically important metals.
C1 Univ Leipzig, Inst Geol & Geophys, Leipzig, Germany.
C3 Leipzig University
RP Schreck, P (corresponding author), Univ Leipzig, Inst Geol & Geophys, Leipzig,
Germany.
RI Pöllmann, Herbert/AAP-3001-2021
CR BAMBAUER HU, 1998, ADV MINERALOGY, V3, P284
Bigham J.M., 1996, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V60, P185
DUTRIZAC JE, 1983, CIM BULL, V76, P78
ECKER M, 1999, Patent No. 19981024379
ECKER M, 1999, Patent No. 9962826
ECKER M, 1999, Patent No. 9903626
POLLMANN H, 1998, OKOLOGISCHE STOFFVER, V3, P59
RAADE G, 1985, MINERAL MAG, V49, P583, DOI 10.1180/minmag.1985.049.353.13
Schreck P, 1998, ENVIRON GEOL, V35, P66, DOI 10.1007/s002540050293
SCHRECK P, 1997, INT IAEG S ENG GEOL, V2, P2145
SCHRECK P, 1999, UMWELT 2000 GEOWISSE, V9, P125
Witzke T, 1999, NEUES JB MINER MONAT, P75
WITZKE T, 1995, THESIS M LUTHER U HA
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS
PI LEIDEN
PA SCHIPHOLWEG 107C, PO BOX 447, 2316 XC LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
BN 90-5809-163-5
PY 2000
BP 679
EP 682
PG 4
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA BQ78W
UT WOS:000089525700174
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tanahashi, M
Mouri, N
Fujisawa, T
Yamauchi, C
AF Tanahashi, M
Mouri, N
Fujisawa, T
Yamauchi, C
TI Thermodynamics of the Si-Ca-O system at 1773 K
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM
LA English
DT Article
DE standard free energy change; interaction parameter; thermodynamic
activity; CaO; SiO2; slag; silicon; calcium; oxygen
ID OXYGEN SOLUBILITY; MOLTEN SILICON; LIQUID SILICON; CALCIUM; ALUMINUM
AB Thermodynamic properties of the Si-Ca-O System were measured by equilibrating
molten silicon with CaO-SiO2 slags at 1773 K.
Based on the results, (a) the first-order (e(O)(Ca)) and the second-order (r(O)
(Ca)) interaction parameters between calcium and oxygen, (b) the activity
coefficient of calcium at infinite dilution referred to hypothetical liquid in
molten silicon, and (c) the standard free energy change for the dissolution
reaction of calcium into molten silicon were determined to be:
(a) e(O)(Ca) = -2.1(+/-0.2), r(O)(Ca) = 1.0(+/-0.1),
(b) gamma(Ca(h-1))(O) = 2.4x10(-3),
(c) Ca(g) = Ca (mass%, H, in Si melt): Delta G degrees/kJ = -160(+/-20),
respectively, at 1773 K.
By using the thermodynamic data of the Si-Ca-O system, the equilibrium relation
between CaO and molten silicon at 1773 K was estimated.
C1 Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan.
Nagoya Univ, Res Ctr Adv Waste & Emiss Management, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan.
C3 Nagoya University; Nagoya University
RP Tanahashi, M (corresponding author), Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Nagoya, Aichi 4648603, Japan.
OI Tanahashi, Mitsuru/0000-0002-9334-6419
CR [Anonymous], 2008, Thermochemical Data of Pure Substances
BARIN I, THERMOCHEMICAL DAT 1, P93
KULIKOV IS, 1973, P 4 JAP USSR JOINT P, P194
Kuxmann U., 1982, ERZMETALL, V35, P363
NARUSHIMA T, 1995, MATER T JIM, V36, P763, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.36.763
NARUSHIMA T, 1994, MATER T JIM, V35, P522, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.35.522
SAKAO H, 1979, 10159 JAP SOC PROM S
SUDAVTSOVA VS, 1988, INORG MATER, V29, P1352
Tanahashi M, 1998, SHIGENTO SOZAI, V114, P807
TANAHASHI M, 1999, SHIGEN TO SOZAI, V115, P97
*VDEH, 1985, SLAG ATLAS, P63
Yanaba K, 1998, MATER T JIM, V39, P819, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.39.819
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PI SENDAI
SN 0916-1821
J9 MATER T JIM
JI Mater. Trans. JIM
PD JUL
PY 1999
VL 40
IS 7
BP 594
EP 599
DI 10.2320/matertrans1989.40.594
PG 6
Engineering
GA 227MK
UT WOS:000082084000004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU FROLOW, P
FRISCHAT, GH
AF FROLOW, P
FRISCHAT, GH
TI INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT AL2O3-CONTAINING BATCH MATERIALS ON MELTING,
FINING AND PROPERTIES OF SODA LIME SILICA GLASS
SO GLASTECHNISCHE BERICHTE-GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Proceeding from the composition (in wt%): 72.5 SiO2, 1.5 Al2O3, 10.5 CaO, 2.5
MgO, 12.5 Na2O, and 0.5 K2O the hatch raw materials calcined and hydrated alumina,
nepheline syenite, Calumite, and Ecomelt, respectively, were employed in order to
introduce aluminum oxide to the glass. Batch calculations assured constant chemical
composition, sand/sulfate ratios, sulfate;carbon ratios, redox numbers, and total
sulfur contents. The glasses and melts obtained were investigated with respect to
different properties, e. g. viscosity, homogeneity, optical transmission, and
residual sulfur content. The results display similarities, however, partly also
significant differences with respect to the Al2O3 source used. Thus especially the
glasses containing the blast furnace slags revealed distinct characteristics
compared to glasses with nepheline syenite and hydrated alumina. With increasing
melting time the differences are reduced.
C1 TECH UNIV CLAUSTHAL,INST NICHTMET WERKSTOFFE,W-3392 CLAUSTHAL ZELLERFE,GERMANY.
C3 TU Clausthal
CR BAAK T, 1961, J AM CERAM SOC, V44, P541, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1961.tb11654.x
BAMFORD CR, 1960, PHYS CHEM GLASSES-B, V1, P159
BAMFORD CR, 1960, PHYS CHEM GLASSES, V1, P16
Bauer R. F., 1977, RUBBER CHEM TECHNOL, V50, P35, DOI 10.5254/1.3535131
BOLKER H, 1965, SILIKATTECHNIK, V8, P246
BRAETSCH V, 1988, J AM CERAM SOC, V71, pC376, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1988.tb06396.x
DIETZEL A, 1953, 3 ATT C INT VETR VEN, P354
DIETZEL A, 1965, GLASTECH BER, V38, P322
FRISCHAT GH, 1979, GLASTECH BER, V52, P116
FROLOW P, 1991, THESIS TU CLAUSTHAL
GEBHARDT F, 1991, COMMUNICATION
GEBHARDT F, 1983, GLASTECH BER, V56, P125
HEIDE K, 1977, SILIKATTECHNIK, V28, P177
JOHNSTON WD, 1966, J AM CERAM SOC, V49, P513, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1966.tb13310.x
LANGE J, 1971, HDB SILICATANALYSE, V1, P148
MAXWELL CJ, 1984, GLASS TECHNOL, V25, P244
Meerlender G., 1974, Glastechnische Berichte, V47, P1
MEIER M, 1993, PHYS CHEM GLASSES, V24, P71
MERKER L, 1981, GLASTECH BER, V54, P201
MERKER L, 1988, COMMUNICATRION
PAUL A, 1965, PHYS CHEM GLASSES, V6, P207
RUNGE S, 1988, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V102, P157, DOI 10.1016/0022-3093(88)90128-7
RUSSEL C, 1991, COMMUNICATION
Saltykov S.A., 1974, STEREOMETRISCHE META
SMRCEK A, 1990, GLASTECH BER-GLASS, V63, P309
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU DEUTSCHEN GLASTECHNISCHEN GES
PI FRANKFURT 1
PA MENDELSSOHNSTR 75-77, W-6000 FRANKFURT 1, GERMANY
SN 0946-7475
J9 GLASTECH BER-GLASS
JI Glastech. Ber.-Glass Sci. Technol.
PD JUN-JUL
PY 1993
VL 66
IS 6-7
BP 143
EP 150
PG 8
GA LW811
UT WOS:A1993LW81100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU PATSIOGIANNIS, F
PAL, UB
MOURAO, MB
BOGAN, RS
AF PATSIOGIANNIS, F
PAL, UB
MOURAO, MB
BOGAN, RS
TI KINETIC-STUDIES ON DEOXIDATION OF ALUMINUM KILLED LOW-CARBON STEELS
USING SYNTHETIC FLUXES
LA English
DT Article
AB Laboratory size (4.5 kg) low carbon steel melts were deoxidised using aluminium
and FeAl (33%Al), with and without synthetic fluxes, in alumina and zirconia
crucibles. The dissolved oxygen, total oxygen, soluble aluminium, insoluble
aluminium, silicon, and carbon contents of the melts were determined as a function
of refining time and temperature. It was observed that the reaction between
aluminium and oxygen in solution closely follows thermodynamic equilibrium. Silica
present in the alumina crucibles was found to be a source of oxygen for the melt,
whereas this was not the case for zirconia crucibles. Reoxidation of the melt
occurred through oxygen pickup from the atmosphere. The extent of this reoxidation
was found to be a function of the oxygen content of the bath and the extent of the
slag cover on the surface of the melt. The effectiveness of calcium aluminate
(12CaO.7Al2O3) based fluxes in protecting the melt from reoxidation and in
increasing the rate of removal of inclusions was evaluated. Synthetic fluxes and
refining techniques were developed to obtain a total oxygen content of 0-001 wt-%
within the first 10 min of refining. IS/1070
C1 EPUSP,PMT,SAO PAULO,BRAZIL.
USX CORP,MONROEVILLE,PA.
RP PATSIOGIANNIS, F (corresponding author), MIT,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CAMBRIDGE,MA
02139, USA.
RI Pal, Umapada/AAC-4930-2022; Mourao, Marcelo B/C-4925-2013
OI Mourao, Marcelo B/0000-0002-7778-1082; Pal, Uday/0000-0001-5020-9396
CR FRUEHAN RJ, 1970, METALL TRANS, V1, P3403
GHOSH A, 1986, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V26, P629
GOKCEN NA, 1963, T AIME, V227, P14
Hilty D.C., 1950, J MET, V188, P414
HOLAPPA LEK, 1990, 6TH INT IR STEEL C N, V3, P494
KUNDU AL, 1986, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V13, P9
LEVIN EM, 1964, PHASE DIAGRAMS CERAM, P287
Levin EM, 1964, PHASE DIAGRAMS CERAM, P102
OKAHIRA K, 1974, T ISIJ, V14, P337
SAXENA SK, 1982, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V9, P50
SAXENA SK, 1980, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V7, P281
SWISHER JH, 1967, T METALL SOC AIME, V239, P123
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0301-9233
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PY 1993
VL 20
IS 5
BP 366
EP 371
PG 6
GA MM771
UT WOS:A1993MM77100008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU MOROZOV, AN
AGEYEV, YA
DANILOVICH, YA
AF MOROZOV, AN
AGEYEV, YA
DANILOVICH, YA
TI SULFUR DISTRIBUTION BETWEEN SLAGS AND IRON MELTS WITH ALUMINUM AND
SILICON
LA English
DT Article
CR Abraham K. P., 1960, J IRON STEEL I, V196, P313
BANYA S, 1949, T MET SOC AIME, V245, P133
Elliot D., 1969, THERMOCHEMISTRY STEE
GAMMAL TE, 1970, ARCH EISENHUTTENWESE, V41, P521
Kalyanram MR., 1960, J. Iron Steel Inst, V195, P58
ROSENQUIST T, 1952, COLL PROBLEMS MODERN, P10
TAYLOR S, 1965, COLL PROBLEMS MODERN, P39
ZHMOYDIN GI, 1965, COLL IRON REDUCTION, P39
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PI NEW YORK
PA 150 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011
SN 0036-0295
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PY 1975
IS 6
BP 39
EP 42
PG 4
GA CS053
UT WOS:A1975CS05300008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU ZHALYBIN, VI
PANCHENK.IP
KURGANOV, VV
SHAMIL, YP
ZHALYBIN, VD
AF ZHALYBIN, VI
PANCHENK.IP
KURGANOV, VV
SHAMIL, YP
ZHALYBIN, VD
TI MELTING MANGANESE-ALUMINIUM STEEL IN AN ELECTRIC FURNACE UNDER A
LIME-ALUMINA SLAG
SO STAL IN ENGLISH-USSR
LA English
DT Article
RI Kurganov, Vladislav/D-1099-2017
CR BOGATENKOV VF, 1961, FIZIKOKHIMICHESKIE O
ERSHOV GS, 1965, IZVEST AN SSSR METAL, P78
ERSHOV GS, 1963, IZVEST AN SSSR MET G, P73
GULTYAI II, 1962, IZVEST AN SSSR MET G
KRAMATOV AD, 1964, PRODUCTION STEEL ELE, P106
MIKHAILIKOV SV, 1964, IZVEST AN SSSR MET G
MOROZOV AN, 1963, IZVEST AN SSSR MET G
PRIDANISEV MV, 1965, STAL ENGLISH
SHULTE YA, 1964, NONMETALLIC INCLUSIO, P46
SHULTE YA, 1964, NONMETALLIC INCLUSIO, P68
YAVOISKII VI, 1963, THEORY STEELMAKING P, P796
YAVOISKII VI, 1963, THEORY STEELMAKING P, P364
ZHALYBIN VI, 1963, B TSII CHM, P43
ZHALYBIN VI, 1964, METALLURG, P17
ZHALYBIN VI, 1966, IZVEST VUZ CM, P63
ZHALYBIN VI, 1967, STAL, P229
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
J9 STAL ENGL
PY 1967
IS 3
BP 219
EP +
PG 1
GA 95321
UT WOS:A19679532100014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mo, RZ
He, WY
Li, ZT
Ren, Y
Zhang, LF
AF Mo, Rongzhen
He, Wenyuan
Li, Zhengtao
Ren, Ying
Zhang, Lifeng
TI Influence of BaO and MgO on viscosity, crystalline phase, and structure
of CaO-Al2O3-10%SiO2-20%CaF2-based system
LA English
DT Article
DE CaO-Al 2 O 3-10 wt%SiO 2 system; Viscosity; Melt structure; Crystalline
phase
ID MOLD FLUX; HEAT-TRANSFER; ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; FLUORINE-BEARING; AL
CONTENT; STEEL; MELTS; AL2O3; RAMAN; SLAG
AB In the current study, the low SiO2 mold flux for the continuous casting of the
transformation-induced plasticity steel was studied to avoid the interface reaction
between the dissolved aluminum in the molten steel and silica in the mold flux. The
viscometer, Raman spectra, and X-ray disproportion were employed to study the
viscosity, melt structure, and crystalline phase of the mold flux, respectively.
The viscosity of the mold flux decreased with the replacement of MgO by BaO due to
the balance of the melt structure and the precipitation phase. The aluminosilicate
and silicate structures were depolymerized to simpler units with the replacement of
MgO by BaO in the mold flux since a preference that Ba2+ tended to act as a charge
compensator. The viscosity of the mold flux roughly increased with the addition of
the total BaO and MgO content due to the formation of the MgAl2O4 phase in the pure
liquid phase. The substantial precipitation of the MgAl2O4 phase in the liquid melt
caused a sharp increase in the viscosity of the mold flux, which should be avoided
by lowering the MgO content to less than 3 wt%.
C1 [Mo, Rongzhen; Li, Zhengtao; Ren, Ying] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Sch Met
& Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lifeng] Iron & Steel CO Ltd, Shougang Jingtang Ltd, Tangshan 063200,
Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lifeng] North China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Beijing 100144,
Peoples R China.
Technology
RP Ren, Y (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Sch Met & Ecol
Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), Iron &
Steel CO Ltd, Shougang Jingtang Ltd, Tangshan 063200, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF
(corresponding author), North China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Beijing
EM mo_rongzhen@163.com; mo_rongzhen@163.com; lizhengtao_ustb@163.com;
yingren@ustb.edu.cn; zhanglifeng@ncut.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U22A20171]; High Steel
Center (HSC) at North China University of Technology; Yanshan
University; University of Science and Technology Beijing; Hebei
Innovation Center of the Development and Application of High Quality
Steel Materials, Beijing; Hebei International Research Center of
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U22A20171), the High Steel Center (HSC)
at North China University of Technology, Yanshan University and
University of Science and Technology Beijing, Hebei Innovation Center of
the Development and Application of High Quality Steel Materials, Beijing
and Hebei International Research Center of Advanced and Intelligent
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials.
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NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD AUG 15
PY 2023
VL 49
IS 16
BP 27311
EP 27326
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.05.286
EA JUN 2023
PG 16
GA M1KN8
UT WOS:001027814700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Stovpchenko, GP
Lisova, LO
Medovar, LB
Goncharov, IO
AF Stovpchenko, G. P.
Lisova, L. O.
Medovar, L. B.
Goncharov, I. O.
TI Thermodynamic and Physical Properties of
CaF2-(Al2O3-TiO2-MgO) System
Slags for Electroslag Remelting of Inconel 18 Alloy
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE physicochemical properties of slags; viscosity; electrical conductivity;
melting point; thermodynamic activity of oxygen; Inconel 718; oxidation;
aluminum; titanium
AB Physicochemical properties (viscosity, electrical conductivity, melting point,
thermodynamic activity of oxygen) of (10 - 70)CaF2 - (0 - 60)Al2O3 - (0 - 30)TiO2 -
(0 - 30)MgO slags system are studied. The required content of titanium in the
Inconel 718 (0.65-1.15%) can be provided with the studied slags (49CaF(2) -
30Al(2)O(3) - 21TiO(2) and 50CaF(2) - 22Al(2)O(3) - 18TiO(2) - 10MgO) even if they
contain 0.5 - 2% SiO2. The aluminum content can be adjusted by adding or pre-
increasing its content in the remelting electrode. With temperature growth from
1500 to 2500 K, the equilibrium content of Ti in the metal decreases, and of Al -
vice versa. The content of titanium at the initial level (1%) in the molten metal
is provided at a temperature of 1700 K with 50CaF(2) - 22Al(2)O(3) - 18TiO(2) - MgO
slag. In comparison with 70CaF(2) - 15Al(2)O(3) - 15CaO slag, widely used for
superalloy remelting, the studied compositions 49CaF(2) - 30Al(2)O(3) - 21TiO(2),
and 50CaF(2) - 22Al(2)O(3) - 18TiO(2) - 10MgO will increase environmental
friendliness of the remelting as a result of CaF2 content reduction by 20% at
comparable values of crystallization temperature and conductivity.
C1 [Stovpchenko, G. P.; Lisova, L. O.; Medovar, L. B.; Goncharov, I. O.] Natl Acad
Sci Ukraine, Paton Inst Elect Welding, Kiev, Ukraine.
C3 National Academy of Sciences Ukraine; Paton Electric Welding Institute
of NASU
RP Stovpchenko, GP (corresponding author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Paton Inst Elect
Welding, Kiev, Ukraine.
EM llisova@ukr.net
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NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1068-820X
EI 1573-885X
J9 MATER SCI+
JI Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2023
VL 58
IS 4
BP 494
EP 504
DI 10.1007/s11003-023-00690-6
EA MAY 2023
PG 11
GA I9BX7
UT WOS:000998421200002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZW
Gao, JT
Lan, X
Feng, GL
Guo, ZC
AF Wang, Zengwu
Gao, Jintao
Lan, Xi
Feng, Guoliang
Guo, Zhancheng
TI An environmental-friendly method for recovery of aluminum droplets from
aluminum dross: Mechanical activation and super-gravity separation
SO PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum dross; Aluminum droplets; Mechanical activation; Super-gravity
separation; Environmental-friendly
ID GREEN METHOD; BLACK DROSS; SLAG
AB Aluminum dross produced from the smelting process of aluminum is a toxic solid
waste that easily hydrolyzes and releases poisonous gases in contact with water,
which contains large numbers of fine oxidized aluminum droplets. In this study, an
environmental-friendly method for efficient recovery of aluminum droplets from
aluminum dross was proposed through mechanical activation and super-gravity
separation. Firstly, the aluminum dross with different particle sizes of 8.0-50.0
mm, 4.0-8.0 mm, and < 4.0 mm was mechanically activated, and the oxidized films of
metallic aluminum droplets were greatly destructed via milling. However, the
driving force of gravity was not sufficient to drive the molten aluminum droplets
to detach from the oxidized films at high temperatures. With the enhancement of the
super-gravity field, almost all of the aluminum droplets efficiently escaped from
the oxidized films and fully recovered from the aluminum dross within 5 min with a
high recovery ratio of 97.14% and a high purity of 99.17 wt%. Compared to the
conventional process of separating aluminum, this study provides an environmental-
friendly method to efficiently recover aluminum droplets from aluminum dross
without the problems of secondary aluminum dross production, dust pollution, and
gas pollution.
C1 [Wang, Zengwu; Gao, Jintao; Lan, Xi; Feng, Guoliang; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci &
RP Gao, JT; Guo, ZC (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key
EM jintaogao@ustb.edu.cn; zcguo@ustb.edu.cn
FX Acknowledgments This study is supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No.52174275) .
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NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0957-5820
EI 1744-3598
J9 PROCESS SAF ENVIRON
JI Process Saf. Environ. Protect.
PD JUL
PY 2023
VL 175
BP 199
EP 211
DI 10.1016/j.psep.2023.05.045
EA MAY 2023
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA I2RH2
UT WOS:001001301700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI Gas Formation of Cobalt and Copper in the Application of Unconstrained
Co-Cr-Al-Cu Metal Powders in Submerged Arc Welding: Gas Phase
Thermodynamics and 3D Slag SEM Evidence
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE pyrometallurgy; powder; cobalt; chromium; copper; partial oxygen
pressure; aluminium de-oxidiser; welding
ID STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY
AB Aluminium metal is not typically added to the submerged arc welding (SAW)
process because it is easily oxidised to form unwanted slag in the weld pool. The
successful application of aluminium as a de-oxidiser is illustrated in this study
by preventing oxidation of Cr and Co to their oxides, thereby preventing element
loss to the slag. Unconstrained pure metals of Al, Cr, Co and Cu were applied to
investigate the gas formation behaviour of these elements in the SAW arc cavity. Of
interest is the effect of copper in the arc cavity in terms of its possible
substitution for aluminium. The results confirmed that the Al-Cr-Co-Cu alloyed weld
metal total oxygen content was lowered to 176 ppm O, in comparison to 499 ppm O in
the weld metal formed from welding with the original flux, which excluded metal
powder additions. This lower ppm O value of 176 ppm O confirms that the added
aluminium powder effectively lowered the original flux-induced partial oxygen
pressure in the arc cavity, and at the molten flux-weld pool interface. Carbon
steel was alloyed to 5.3% Co, 5.5% Cr, 5.3% Cu and 4.5% Al at 78% Co yield, 82% Cr
yield, 78% Cu yield and 66% Al yield. Thermochemical equilibrium calculations
confirm the partial oxygen pressure-lowering effect of aluminium when considering
the gas-slag-alloy equilibrium. BSE (backscattered electron) images of the three-
dimensional (3D) post-weld slag sample show dome structures which contain features
of vapour formation and re-condensation. SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscope-
energy dispersive X-ray) maps show that the dome surface matrix phase consists of
Al-Mg-Ca-Si-Na-K-Ti-Fe-Mn oxy-fluoride. The spherical 3D structures of 10-40 mu m
in diameter consist of Fe-Mn-Si fluorides with some Cr, Cu and Co contained in some
of the spheres. Cr and Co were observed in distinctive porous structures of
approximately 10 mu m in size, consisting partly of Cr oxy-fluoride and partly of
Co oxy-fluoride. Nano-sized oxy-fluoride strands and spheres in the dome structures
confirm vaporisation and re-condensation of oxy-fluorides. Cu and Na formed a
distinct condensation pattern on the surface of the Si-Cu-Na-Mn-Fe-Co oxy-fluoride
sphere. The results confirm the importance of including gas phase reactions in the
interpretation of SAW process metallurgy.
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10.1080/08827508.2021.1945595
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NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 5
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 4
AR 1116
DI 10.3390/pr11041116
PG 19
SC Engineering
GA E8AW5
UT WOS:000977716300001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, W
Li, FH
Ma, MJ
Zhao, CY
Wang, Y
Yang, ZQ
Zhang, XJ
Fang, YT
AF Zhao, Wei
Li, Fenghai
Ma, Mingjie
Zhao, Chaoyue
Wang, Yong
Yang, Ziqiang
Zhang, Xujing
Fang, Yitian
TI Investigation on variation mechanisms of ash fusion and viscosity of
high calcium-iron coal by coal blending
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE High calcium-iron coal; The AFT and viscosity; Coal blending; Variation
mechanisms
ID SLAG VISCOSITY; FLOW; GASIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION;
GASIFIER; BIOMASS; SLUDGE; RICH
AB In this work, the ash fusion temperature (AFT) and viscosity modification
behaviors of high calcium-iron coal ash (MO) were investigated by blending coal
with high silicon-aluminum coal ash (P4). X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD),
Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Raman, and FactSage thermodynamic
software were selected to investigate the AFT and viscosity change mechanisms. With
the increase of P4 mass ratio, the AFT of MO mixtures increased from slowly (0-20
%) to rapidly (20 %-30 %), and then to slowly (30 %-50 %), and the ash viscosity
also increased correspondingly. When the amount of P4 was in the range of 30-40 %,
the flow temperature (FT) and viscosity of ash samples were 1368-1395.C and 4.28-
5.02 Pa center dot s, respectively, which met the requirements of entrained-flow
bed gasification slag tapping. The XRD results showed that the disappearance of
hauyne and the formation of anorthite were the main reasons for the mixed MO AFT
increase. With the increasing P4 mass ratio, Si-O and Si-O-Al in ash samples moved
to the high-frequency region in FT-IR, indicating the formations of more stable
silicate network structures; the R-value (R = (Q(3) + Q(2))/(Q(1) + Q(0)))
gradually increased indicating the increases in polymerization degree. The both led
to the increases in viscosity. The decreasing ratio of non-bridged oxygen bond to
bridged oxygen bond with increasing P4 percentage also explained the AFT and
viscosity variation.
C1 [Zhao, Wei; Li, Fenghai; Ma, Mingjie; Zhao, Chaoyue; Yang, Ziqiang] Henan
Polytech Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo 454003, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai] Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Fang, Yitian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, Taiyuan 030001,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, Yong] Shandong Hongda Chem Co Ltd, Heze 274700, Shandong, Peoples R
China.
[Zhang, Xujing] Ten Mines Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Co Ltd, Pingdingshan 467021,
Henan, Peoples R China.
C3 Henan Polytechnic University; Heze University; Chinese Academy of
RP Li, FH (corresponding author), Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn,
Jiaozuo 454003, Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com
Foundations of Shandong Prov- ince, China [ZR2018MB037]
FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China
(21875059) , and the Natural Science Foundations of Shandong Prov- ince,
China (ZR2018MB037) .
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V39, P496
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD FEB 15
PY 2023
VL 334
AR 126663
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126663
PN 1
PG 9
GA K2JD5
UT WOS:001014745400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hao, S
Luo, GP
Lu, YY
An, SL
Chai, YF
Song, W
AF Hao, Shuai
Luo, Guoping
Lu, Yuanyuan
An, Shengli
Chai, Yifan
Song, Wei
TI Effect of High Temperature Reconstruction and Modification on Phase
Composition and Structure of Steel Slag
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE high temperature reconfiguration; steel slag; thermodynamic
calculations; gelling activity; X-ray diffractometer
AB This study investigates the pattern of influence of blast furnace slag tempering
on the composition and structure of steel slag. The chemical composition,
equilibrium phase composition, microscopic morphological characteristics and
elemental composition of microscopic regions of steel slag and blast furnace slag
modified by high temperature reconstruction were analyzed using X-ray
diffractometer (XRD), FactSage7.1 thermodynamic analysis software, mineral phase
microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results show that
blast furnace slag blending can promote the generation of a low melting point phase
in the slag, as well as reducing its melting temperature and improving its high
temperature kinetic conditions. On the one hand, the incorporation of blast furnace
slag was found to promote the generation of C2S in the steel slag and improve its
gelling activity. Notably, at 1400 degrees C, the C2S content (mass fraction) of
steel slag modified with 15% high temperature reconstruction reached 39.04%, while
that of unmodified steel slag at this temperature was only 16.92%, i.e., only 1/4
of the C2S content in the modified slag. On the other hand, the incorporation of
blast furnace slag inhibited the generation of a-C2S-C3P and calcium ferrate
minerals, refined the grains of calcium-aluminum yellow feldspar, reduced the
alkalinity and promoted the generation of silicate phases with high hydration
activity in steel slag.
C1 [Hao, Shuai; Luo, Guoping; Lu, Yuanyuan; An, Shengli; Chai, Yifan; Song, Wei]
Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat & Met, Baotou 014010, Peoples R China.
RP Luo, GP (corresponding author), Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mat &
Met, Baotou 014010, Peoples R China.
EM luoguoping3@126.com
OI An, Shengli/0000-0003-1857-3045
FU National Key RD Program [2020YFC1909105]; Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region Science and Technology Major Special Project [2021ZD0016-05-04]
FX National Key R&D Program funded project (2020YFC1909105); Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region Science and Technology Major Special Project
(2021ZD0016-05-04).
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Xiang R.H., 2021, STUDY PREPARATION FO
Ye Y, 2019, MATERIALS, V12, DOI 10.3390/ma12142322
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Zhang X., 2021, CARBONATION MECH STE
[张作顺 Zhang Zuoshun], 2012, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD JAN
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 1
AR 67
DI 10.3390/min13010067
PG 11
GA 7Z5VS
UT WOS:000915627400001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Li, FH
Ma, MJ
Fan, HL
Zhao, CY
Zhao, W
Fang, YT
AF Li, Yang
Li, Fenghai
Ma, Mingjie
Fan, Hongli
Zhao, Chaoyue
Zhao, Wei
Fang, Yitian
TI The synergy of CaO/MgO flux on ash fusion behaviors for
high-silicon-aluminum coal
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Synergy effect; CaO/MgO ratio; High-silicon-aluminum coal; Ash fusion
behavior
ID SLAG; BIOMASS; VISCOSITY; PREDICTION; GASIFIER; GLASSES; MGO
AB The ash fusion behaviors are widely used for coal gasifier selection and
operation condition setting. In this work, the synergy effect caused by CaO/MgO
(C/M) ratio on ash fusion behaviors was investigated. The results showed that the
ash fusion temperature (AFT) exhibited a "V" shape with increasing C/M ratio for
high-silicon-aluminum coal. Meanwhile, the ash with the lowest FT (1278 degrees C)
and a higher polymerization degree was obtained when C/M ratio was 6/9, which
suggested that the synergy between CaO and MgO was closely related to their ratio.
The most of Ca element existed in anorthite, while Mg tended to occur in magnesium
cordierite. The low-melting eutectic between cordierite and anorthite occurred when
the M-(Cordierites)/M-(Anorthite) was 1.12 and resulted in a synergy effect on AFT,
which was supported by the mineral composition and liquid mass fraction diagram. In
addition, the calculated R-value (R = (Q(0) + Q(1))/(Q(2) + Q(3))) presented an
opposite relationship with the AFT curve. This indicated that the synergy effect
was related to the aluminosilicate structure, resulting in the change from Si-O-Si
bonds to weak Si-O-N (N: Ca2+ or Mg2+). Meanwhile, the synergy was believed to
accelerate the fusion process due to the reduction in the fusion range.
C1 [Li, Yang; Li, Fenghai; Ma, Mingjie; Zhao, Chaoyue; Zhao, Wei] Henan Polytech
Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Jiaozuo 454003, Peoples R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Fan, Hongli] Heze Univ, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples
R China.
[Li, Fenghai; Fang, Yitian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, Taiyuan 030001,
Peoples R China.
C3 Henan Polytechnic University; Heze University; Chinese Academy of
RP Li, FH (corresponding author), Henan Polytech Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn,
Jiaozuo 454003, Peoples R China.; Li, FH (corresponding author), Heze Univ, Sch
Chem & Chem Engn, Heze 274015, Peoples R China.; Li, FH (corresponding author),
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Coal Chem, Taiyuan 030001, Peoples R China.
EM hzlfh@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science
Foundations of Shandong Province, China; [21875059]; [ZR2018MB037]
FX AcknowledgementsThis work was financially supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (21875059) and the Natural Science
Foundations of Shandong Province, China (ZR2018MB037).
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Zhu YM, 2019, J ENERGY INST, V92, P1889, DOI 10.1016/j.joei.2018.11.005
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
SN 1388-6150
EI 1588-2926
J9 J THERM ANAL CALORIM
JI J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 148
IS 6
BP 2377
EP 2387
DI 10.1007/s10973-022-11893-5
EA JAN 2023
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry
GA 9T4HC
UT WOS:000906324600005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Güney, H
Güner, Ö
Boncuk, FF
Kan, S
Benzesik, K
Yücel, O
AF Guney, Hasan
Guner, Oyku
Boncuk, Furkan Ferhat
Kan, Selcuk
Benzesik, Kagan
Yucel, Onuralp
TI A Decarbonization Approach for FeCr Production
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum white dross; Ferrochromium; Aluminothermy; Low CO2 emission;
Energy saving
ID REDUCTION
AB In this study, the reducing smelting of chromite concentrates by EAF-assisted
metallothermic method was investigated. The effect of Al-Powder and Al-Dross
addition amount, time, and the ratio of flux addition on the produced metal and
slag compositions and metal recovery were investigated. It was seen that
ferrochrome can be produced from fine-grained chromite concentrate by this method.
As a result of EAF-assisted semi-pilot metallothermic smelting, the highest
chromium content in produced alloys was 59.5 wt. %, while the highest chromium
recovery from chromite concentrate to alloys was 76.7 wt. % in these experiments.
[GRAPHICS]
.
C1 [Guney, Hasan; Guner, Oyku; Boncuk, Furkan Ferhat; Kan, Selcuk; Benzesik, Kagan;
Yucel, Onuralp] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
C3 Istanbul Technical University
RP Yücel, O (corresponding author), Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-
34469 Istanbul, Turkey.
EM yucel@itu.edu.tr
RI Yücel, Onuralp/ABB-3025-2020
OI Yücel, Onuralp/0000-0002-3879-0410
FU ETI Krom INC., Turkey; subsidiary of YILDIRIM Group of Companies;
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)
FX This research was supported by ETI Krom INC., Turkey which is a
subsidiary of YILDIRIM Group of Companies and the European Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (EBRD).
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NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2199-3823
EI 2199-3831
J9 J SUSTAIN METALL
JI J. SUST. METALL.
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 9
IS 1
BP 216
EP 229
DI 10.1007/s40831-022-00632-7
EA DEC 2022
PG 14
Engineering
Engineering
GA 9Q4IH
UT WOS:000901607100001
PM 37519415
OA Bronze, Green Published
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, HL
Liu, B
Liu, Y
Zhang, JJ
Zhang, BL
Zhang, XY
Liu, J
Zhang, SE
AF Shen, Hanlin
Liu, Bo
Liu, Ying
Zhang, Junjie
Zhang, Bolin
Zhang, Xiaoyan
Liu, Jun
Zhang, Shengen
TI Recovery of Iron and Titanium in Red Mud with Secondary Aluminum Dross
Followed by Manufacturing Glass Ceramics
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
AB Red mud is a waste discharged from alumina production by Bayer process. It
contains iron and titanium resources. Secondary aluminum dross (SAD) is a waste
discharged from aluminum smelting and processing. It contains hazardous reactive
aluminum nitride (AlN). In this work, iron and titanium in red mud were reduced by
AlN in SAD by pyrometallurgy, and slag was manufactured into glass ceramics.
Recovery rates of iron and titanium were 97% and 75%, when addition amount of red
mud was double of SAD. The reduced iron and titanium were in form of metal iron and
titanium nitride (TiN). Reduction process consisted of two steps: AlN, iron and
titanium entered aluminosilicate network of melt; AlN reduced iron and titanium.
Density, water absorption and microhardness of the glass ceramics were 3.10 g cm(-
3), 0.03% and 1195 HV. Utilizing 1 ton of SAD to replace carbon for iron reduction
could reduce carbon emissions by 407 kg. In addition, co-disposing 400 kg red mud
and 200 kg SAD could gain profit of 293 dollars. This work realized the total
recycling of both red mud and SAD.
C1 [Shen, Hanlin; Liu, Bo; Liu, Ying; Zhang, Junjie; Zhang, Bolin; Zhang, Xiaoyan;
Liu, Jun; Zhang, Shengen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv Mat & Technol,
[Zhang, Junjie; Zhang, Bolin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Shunde Grad Sch,
Foshan 528399, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jun] Delta Aluminum Corp Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing 526299, Guangdong, Peoples R
China.
Technology Beijing
RP Liu, B; Zhang, SE (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv
Mat & Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM liubo@ustb.edu.cn; zhangshengen@mater.ustb.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Jun/JPK-7723-2023; Zhang, Yun/JCN-7026-2023; li,
jincheng/GQP-6856-2022; chen, si/JPK-4258-2023; Shen,
Hanlin/IVH-1336-2023
OI Zhang, Junjie/0000-0003-3425-2794
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2021YFC1910504, 2019YFC1907101,
2019YFC1907103, 2017YFB0702304]; Key R&D Program of Ningxia Hui
Autonomous Region [2020BCE01001, 2021BEG01003]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [U2002212, 51672024, 52204413]; Macao Young Scholars
Program [AM2022024]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2022BG019];
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [2021A1515110998];
Post-doctoral Research Foundation of Shunde Graduate School of
University of Science and Technology Beijing [2022BH004]; Natural
Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality [2214073]; Scientific and
Technological Innovation Foundation of Foshan [BK22BE001]; Xijiang
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team [2017A0109004]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-BD-20-24A,
FRF-TP-20-031A1, FRF-IC-19-017Z, FRF-GF-19-032B, 06500141]; Integration
of Green Key Process Systems MIIT
FX This work was sponsored by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant
Nos. 2021YFC1910504, 2019YFC1907101, 2019YFC1907103, 2017YFB0702304),
Key R&D Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Grant Nos.
2020BCE01001, 2021BEG01003), National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. U2002212, 51672024, 52204413), Macao Young Scholars
Program (Grant No. AM2022024), Project funded by China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation (Grant No. 2022BG019), Guangdong Basic and Applied
Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. 2021A1515110998), Post-doctoral
Research Foundation of Shunde Graduate School of University of Science
and Technology Beijing (Grant No. 2022BH004), Natural Science Foundation
of Beijing Municipality (Grant No. 2214073), Scientific and
Technological Innovation Foundation of Foshan (BK22BE001), Xijiang
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team (Grant No. 2017A0109004), the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Nos.
FRF-BD-20-24A, FRF-TP-20-031A1, FRF-IC-19-017Z, FRF-GF-19-032B,
06500141) and Integration of Green Key Process Systems MIIT. The authors
would like to thank the editor for editing the manuscript and the
anonymous reviewers for their detailed and helpful comments.
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NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD FEB
PY 2023
VL 75
IS 2
BP 321
EP 330
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05613-5
EA DEC 2022
PG 10
GA A7WG5
UT WOS:000895626600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kuang, B
Zhang, FX
Yu, Y
Yang, SL
Liu, HL
Wang, H
Hu, JH
AF Kuang, Biao
Zhang, Fengxia
Yu, Yong
Yang, Shiliang
Liu, Huili
Wang, Hua
Hu, Jianhang
TI Co-treatment of spent carbon anode and copper slag for reuse and the
solidification of the constituent fluorine and heavy metals
LA English
DT Article
DE Spent carbon anode; Copper slag; Co-treatment; Fluoride; Heavy metals
ID WASTE; RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR
AB Spent carbon anode (SCA) is a typical global hazardous solid with high risk of
environmental pollution. We therefore report for the first time a novel co-
treatment technology for SCA and copper slag involving clearly defined
transformation paths for F, Cu, Pb and Zn. The results of the investigation showed
that the F and C contents in the SCA decreased the viscosity of the slag, thereby
promoting the flotation recovery of Cu, whereas the F was transformed into CaF2.
The PbSiO3 and ZnO contents in the slag were reduced to Pb(g) and Zn(g),
respectively. Under optimal conditions, the solidification ratio of F reached
95.71%, and 81.50% Cu, 55.84% Pb and 36.48% Zn were recovered. The residual Cu
content in the tailings decreased to 0.15 wt% after flotation. Toxicity
characteristic leaching procedure test revealed that the F, Cu, Pb and Zn leaching
contents were 46 mg/ L, 4.58 mg/L, 2.17 mg/L and 10.71 mg/L, respectively, which
are below their standard limits. The tailings can be reused as high-quality
building materials with minimal environmental risk. The process herein reported
presents a new and effective waste disposal approach, thus contributing to the
sustainability of electrolytic aluminium and copper smelting industries.
C1 [Kuang, Biao; Zhang, Fengxia; Yu, Yong; Yang, Shiliang; Liu, Huili; Wang, Hua;
Hu, Jianhang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Met Energy Conservat & Emiss
Reduct, Minist Educ, Kunming, Peoples R China.
[Kuang, Biao; Zhang, Fengxia; Yu, Yong; Yang, Shiliang; Liu, Huili; Wang, Hua;
Hu, Jianhang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Complex Nonferrous Met
Resources Cle, Kunming, Peoples R China.
[Kuang, Biao; Yu, Yong; Yang, Shiliang; Liu, Huili; Wang, Hua; Hu, Jianhang]
Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Fengxia] Kunming Met Coll, Kunming, Peoples R China.
RP Hu, JH (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Engn Res Ctr Met
Energy Conservat & Emiss Reduct, Minist Educ, Kunming, Peoples R China.
EM jianhang@kust.edu.cn
Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects [202001AS070027]
China (Grant No. U2102213, No. 51966007) and the Yunnan Fundamental
Research Projects (Grant No. 202001AS070027) .
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Zhu Z, 2022, MINER ENG, V182, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2022.107565
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JAN 10
PY 2023
VL 383
AR 135418
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135418
EA DEC 2022
PG 13
& Ecology
GA E1BG6
UT WOS:000972968000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kathiravan, S
Thanigaivelan, R
Suresh, P
AF Kathiravan, S.
Thanigaivelan, R.
Suresh, P.
TI Fabrication, microstructure, and machinability of aluminum metal-matrix
composites
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE-POLAND
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; stir casting; metal-matrix composites; Taguchi; optimization
ID GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ZRB2 PARTICLES;
OPTIMIZATION; TAGUCHI; WEAR; TOPSIS
AB Today, researchers across the world focus on sustainable products, and,
accordingly, it is now imperative to develop sustainable MMCs. In line with this,
ongoing experimental work aims to fabricate aluminum 6061 MMC with ground
granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and study the micro-structural and
machinability characteristics. A liquid state stir casting setup is used to melt
aluminum 6061 alloy and reinforced with 2.5 wt.%, 5.0 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.% of GGBS.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies were used to identify the chemical elements that
were present in the fabricated samples. In order to observe the formation of any
secondary elements, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) were utilized on the cast composites. Through the milling process,
the influence of the GGBS reinforcement composition on the surface roughness (SR)
and material removal rate (MRR) of aluminum 6061 MMC was examined, considering the
parameters of spindle speed, feed rate, depth of cut, and reinforcement composition
percentage. The L-9 orthogonal array (OA) was used to investigate the results of
the experiments, and the Taguchi technique was used to optimize the process. The
best MRR value was produced by the feed rate (B3) of 260 mm(3)/min and the depth of
cut (C3) of 0.75 mm. The study ascertained that the lower SR value is attained
corresponding to a spindle speed of 1,250 rpm, a feed rate of 220 mm(3)/min, a
depth of cut of 0.25 mm, and a reinforcement composition percentage of Al 6061 with
5% GGBS.
C1 [Kathiravan, S.] Alpha Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Chennai 600124, India.
[Thanigaivelan, R.] AKT Mem Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kallakurichi
606213, India.
[Suresh, P.] Muthayammal Engn Coll Autonomous, Dept Mech Engn, Rasipuram 637408,
India.
C3 Muthayammal Engineering College
RP Thanigaivelan, R (corresponding author), AKT Mem Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Mech
Engn, Kallakurichi 606213, India.
EM tvelan10@gmail.com
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NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU SCIENDO
PI WARSAW
PA BOGUMILA ZUGA 32A, WARSAW, MAZOVIA, POLAND
SN 2083-134X
J9 MATER SCI-POLAND
JI Mater. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 2022
VL 40
IS 3
BP 112
EP 124
DI 10.2478/msp-2022-0036
PG 13
GA 8K7NU
UT WOS:000923284400002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, YY
Li, GH
Liu, GP
Zhao, Y
Li, N
Chen, JF
AF Li, Yuanyuan
Li, Guohua
Liu, Guangping
Zhao, Yi
Li, Nan
Chen, Junfeng
TI A post-mortem analysis of the used gel-bonded
Al2O3-MgAl2O4 castables in
an industrial steelmaking ladle
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion mechanism; molten steel; refining ladle; spinel-containing
refractory
ID CORROSION-RESISTANCE; HIGH-ALUMINA; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION;
REFRACTORY CASTABLES; SPINEL CASTABLES; SLAG RESISTANCE; STEEL;
AL2O3-SPINEL; MICROSILICA; TEMPERATURE
AB In this work, a cement-free alumina-spinel (Al2O3-MgAl2O4) castables with a new
aluminum-magnesium gel binder were developed to line the Ruhrstahl Heraeus refining
ladle, chemical attacks, and degradation mechanisms of the used alumina-spinel
castables after industrial trials were investigated. The results indicated that a
reaction product layer of (Mg, Fe)Al2O4 was observed between the slag layer and
penetration layer (PL), which was mainly derived from the reaction between MgAl2O4
spinel in the refractory matrix and FeOt from slag or an oxidation of steel, and
thereby prevented the further penetration of FeOt. Meanwhile, the in situ spinel
could also entrap slight CaO, SiO2, and FeOt from the infiltrated slag to form
composite spinel in the PL. Moreover, chemical corrosion/penetration and structural
spalling dominated the degradation process of the refractory lining in this case.
Cracks formed between the deteriorated layer and original layer because of
mechanical and thermal stress, which caused spalling from the refractory's hot
face.
C1 [Li, Yuanyuan; Li, Guohua] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Chem Engn, Hangzhou,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Yuanyuan; Li, Guohua] Zhejiang Univ Technol, State Key Lab Green Chem Synth
Technol, Hangzhou, Peoples R China.
[Li, Yuanyuan; Liu, Guangping; Zhao, Yi] Zhejiang Zili Holdings Co Ltd,
Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Li, Nan; Chen, Junfeng] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories &
Met, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Li, Yuanyuan] Zhejiang Univ ofTechnol, Coll Chem Engn, Hangzhou 310014, Peoples
R China.
[Chen, Junfeng] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met,
Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
C3 Zhejiang University of Technology; Zhejiang University of Technology;
Wuhan University of Science & Technology; Wuhan University of Science &
Technology
RP Li, YY (corresponding author), Zhejiang Univ ofTechnol, Coll Chem Engn, Hangzhou
310014, Peoples R China.; Chen, JF (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM liyuanyuanref@163.com; chenjunfengref@wust.edu.cn
RI lin, wang/JCA-7967-2023; Li, Nan/IXD-8260-2023; Chen, Yu/JLL-0171-2023;
li, yuanyuan/GZA-4435-2022; Li, Yuanyuan/AAA-5099-2019
OI Chen, Junfeng/0000-0003-1910-1437
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1860205, U21A205]
FX National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Numbers:
U1860205,U21A205
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NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1546-542X
EI 1744-7402
J9 INT J APPL CERAM TEC
JI Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol.
PD MAY
PY 2023
VL 20
IS 3
BP 1978
EP 1989
DI 10.1111/ijac.14271
EA NOV 2022
PG 12
GA C7BJ5
UT WOS:000888093700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, XY
Hu, B
Liu, NS
Liu, XQ
Liu, CW
He, XT
He, SF
AF Li, Xiaoying
Hu, Bo
Liu, Nengsheng
Liu, Xueqing
Liu, Chengwei
He, Xintao
He, Sufang
TI Extraction of alumina from high-alumina fly ash by ammonium sulfate:
roasting kinetics and mechanism
SO RSC ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LEACHING KINETICS; HYDROGEN SULFATE; SULFURIC-ACID; COAL; ACTIVATION;
COMPOSITE; RECOVERY; PHASE; SLAG
AB The recycling of aluminum is commonly an important step to achieve the high
value-added utilization of fly ash, which is a kind of solid waste generated from
coal-fired power plants. In this study, high-alumina fly ash was efficiently
activated by ammonium sulfate method and the alumina was efficiently extracted. The
effects of roasting temperature, roasting time, and ammonium sulfate/high-alumina
fly ash mass ratio on the leaching rate of alumina were fully analyzed, and the
roasting kinetics and reaction mechanism in the roasting process were discussed.
The experimental results showed that the leaching rate of alumina in the roasted
material achieved 93.57% with the roasting temperature of 673 K, the roasting time
of 60 min, and the mass ratio of ammonium sulfate to high-alumina fly ash of 6 : 1.
The roasting kinetics showed that the reaction between high-alumina fly ash and
ammonium sulfate was controlled by internal diffusion, the apparent activation
energy was 37.40 kJ mol(-1), which accorded with the reaction kinetic equation 1 -
2x/3 - (1 - x)(2/3) = 2.9546 exp[-37 400/(RT)]t. The reaction mechanism showed that
the aluminum and structural damage mullite in the high-alumina fly ash reacted with
molten ammonium sulfate to form (NH4)(3)Al(SO4)(3) and NH4Al(SO4)(2). Finally,
(NH4)(3)Al(SO4)(3) was transformed into NH4Al(SO4)(2) with the increase of
temperature.
C1 [Li, Xiaoying; Liu, Nengsheng] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Bo; Liu, Xueqing; He, Sufang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Anal &
Measurement, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Bo; Liu, Xueqing; Liu, Chengwei; He, Xintao; He, Sufang] Kunming Univ Sci &
Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, NS (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
EM liunengshengms@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; Yunnan Ten Thousand
Talents Plan Young & Elite Talents Project; [51704137];
[YNWR-QNBJ-2018-067]; [YNWR-QNBJ-2020-002]
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51704137) and Yunnan
Ten Thousand Talents Plan Young & Elite Talents Project
(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-067 and YNWR-QNBJ-2020-002).
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NR 50
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 27
PI CAMBRIDGE
ENGLAND
EI 2046-2069
J9 RSC ADV
JI RSC Adv.
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 51
BP 33229
EP 33238
DI 10.1039/d2ra06658k
PG 10
SC Chemistry
GA 6L6WM
UT WOS:000888324300001
PM 36425183
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, ZW
Wang, H
Wang, MH
Wu, WC
Liu, LL
Wang, XD
AF Chen, Ziwei
Wang, Hao
Wang, Minghao
Wu, Wenchao
Liu, Lili
Wang, Xidong
TI Simulation and experimental investigation on one-step process for
recovery of valuable metals and preparation of clean mineral wool from
red mud
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkali fixation; Mineral wool; Red mud; Reductive smelting; Vitreous
fiber
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; BAUXITE RESIDUE; MAGNETIC SEPARATION; WASTE; GLASS;
VISCOSITY; IRON; REDUCTION; ALUMINUM; VALUES
AB Red mud (RM) is a hazardous alumina industrial solid waste and its utilization
faces three major challenges, namely, efficient recovery of valuable metals,
favorable control of hazardous substances, and complete utiliza-tion of residues.
We simultaneously achieved the three goals in a short one-step process, which was
inspired by green chemistry principles and focused on multi-objective coupled
control. Iron-based metal elements were recovered in reduction smelting process to
produce pig iron. Molten slags after smelting were rapidly cooled and fiberized to
produce mineral wool and hazardous alkaline substances were immobilized in vitreous
fibers. The smelting-reduction process, fibration capacity of RM-based molten
slags, and performance and environmental impact of prepared mineral wool were
investigated using thermodynamic, molecular dynamics simulations, and experimental
methods. The results indicated the recovery rate of Fe could reach above 87%. The
obtained mineral wool showed satisfactory properties with the fibrosis rate of
around 73%-92%, the mean fiber diameter of 1.57-5.62 mu m, and the mean fiber
tensile strength of 1520-6700 MPa. The highest Na+ leaching concentration was under
1.42 mg/L and the solidification rate of Na+ in different samples was above 99.8%.
This paper provided a fresh approach to achieve clean and high value-added
utilization of RM.
C1 [Chen, Ziwei; Wang, Hao; Wang, Minghao; Wu, Wenchao; Liu, Lili; Wang, Xidong]
Peking Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Energy & Resources Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R
China.
[Liu, Lili; Wang, Xidong] Peking Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871,
Peoples R China.
[Chen, Ziwei; Wang, Hao; Wang, Minghao; Wu, Wenchao; Liu, Lili; Wang, Xidong]
Peking Univ, Beijing Key Lab Solid Waste Utilizat & Management, Beijing 100871,
Peoples R China.
[Chen, Ziwei; Wang, Xidong] Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
C3 Peking University; Peking University; Peking University; Peking
University
RP Chen, ZW; Wang, XD (corresponding author), Peking Univ, Beijing 100871, Peoples
R China.
EM zwchen@pku.edu.cn; xidong@pku.edu.cn
RI Chen, Ziwei/GZK-8700-2022
OI Chen, Ziwei/0000-0002-3707-0235; Wang, Minghao/0000-0002-4907-4030
FU National Key Research and Development Plan of China [2018YFC1901505,
2018YFC1901503]; Shanxi Unveiling Bidding Project [20191101007];
Ministry of Land and Resources Public Welfare Industry Research Project
[201511062-02]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51672006]
FX This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development
Plan of China (2018YFC1901505 and 2018YFC1901503), Shanxi Unveiling
Bidding Project (20191101007), Ministry of Land and Resources Public
Welfare Industry Research Project (201511062-02), and National Natural
Science Foundation of China (51672006).
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NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD DEC 20
PY 2022
VL 380
AR 134982
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134982
EA NOV 2022
PN 1
PG 12
& Ecology
GA 6R9JI
UT WOS:000892613500001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hao, J
Dou, ZH
Zhang, TA
Wang, K
Wan, XY
Qi, S
AF Hao, Jun
Dou, Zhi-he
Zhang, Ting -an
Wang, Kun
Wan, Xing-yuan
Qi, Song
TI A clean and efficient utilization of fly ash with a focus on the
strengthening decomposition mechanism of mullite
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbothermal reduction; FactSage; Fly ash; Mullite; Phase transition
ID ALUMINA; FE; REDUCTION; ALLOY
AB A novel method of comprehensive disposal of low temperature and high-efficiency
reduction of fly ash to pro-duce ferrosilicon without slag under the action of
Fe2O3 was proposed in this paper. In addition, the promotion of Fe2O3 on the
reduction and decomposition of fly ash at a low temperature and the strengthening
mechanism of the reduction and decomposition of the mullite phase were
systematically studied. The thermodynamic analysis shows that the decomposition
reaction of mullite can be carried out only after the free SiO2 in fly ash is
exhausted. Combined with the thermodynamic prediction of the equilibrium phase
concentration of reduction products, the phase evolution of reduction products and
the results of SEM microanalysis, it is proposed that the carbothermal reduction
process of fly ash and the decomposition mechanism of mullite are as follows: iron
oxide reduction, mullite decomposition into aluminum-silicon oxide and aluminum-
silicon oxide deep decomposition and complete release of Al2O3, while the final
products of reduction decomposition are ferrosilicon phase and alumina. According
to the mineralogical characteristics of reduction decomposition products, a novel
idea of preparing ferrosilicon and alumina/calcium aluminate byproducts by electric
furnace melting is proposed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the large-
scale, slag-free and high-value utilization of fly ash.
C1 [Hao, Jun; Dou, Zhi-he; Zhang, Ting -an; Wang, Kun; Wan, Xing-yuan; Qi, Song]
Northeastern Univ, Special Met & Proc Engn Inst, Sch Met, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet
Intergrown Ores Minist E, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Dou, ZH; Zhang, TA (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Special Met & Proc
Engn Inst, Sch Met, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Intergrown Ores Minist E, Shenyang
EM douzh@smm.neu.edu.cn; zhangta@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI sun, chen/JCP-0396-2023; zhang, ting/IYT-0642-2023; 郝, 君/HHC-2483-2022
OI 郝, 君/0000-0001-7100-1834; Dou, Zhihe/0000-0002-5020-6192
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; Fundamental Research Funds
for Central Universities; [U1908225]; [U1702253]; [U2102213];
[52174333]; [N182515007]; [N2025004]
Foundation of China (U1908225, U1702253, U2102213, 52174333) and the
Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (N182515007,
N2025004) . The authors would like to thank Shiyanjia Lab (
www.shiyanjia.com ) for the support of SEM test.
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NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 19
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD FEB 1
PY 2023
VL 333
AR 126473
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126473
EA NOV 2022
PN 2
PG 10
GA 6B0KD
UT WOS:000881032300002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LX
Chen, M
AF Zhang, Lingxi
Chen, Min
TI Recovery of Valuable Metals and Production of Fe-V Crude Alloy from
Vanadium-Enriched Slag Using Aluminum Dross as a Reductant
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION; APPARENT VISCOSITY;
EXTRACTION PROCESS; EAF SLAG; BEHAVIOR; STEEL; MELTS
AB The traditional aluminothermic reduction of vanadium-enriched slag using
metallic Al as a reductant to produce Fe-V alloys causes high production costs and
energy consumption. Aluminum dross as a solid waste with strong reducibility is a
cost-effective and carbon-free secondary resource. In the present work, an
efficient and sustainable recycling method is proposed to recover valuable metals
and produce Fe-V crude alloy from vanadium-enriched slag using aluminum dross as a
reductant. The influence mechanism of temperature, slag basicity, and reductant
dosage on metal recovery during the novel aluminothermic reduction was
investigated. The results demonstrated that metal recovery ratios of Fe, Cr, Mn,
and V approached the maximum values of 95.6%, 84.2%, 87.9%, and 91.8%,
respectively, at a temperature of 1873 K, slag basicity of 1.5, and a mass ratio of
aluminum dross to vanadium-enriched slag of 0.44. An alloy with 28.18 wt.% Fe, 6.34
wt.% Cr, 30.47 wt.% Mn, and 35.01 wt.% V content was produced, and the mass ratio
of V/Fe in the obtained Fe-V crude alloy product approached 1.24. The novel
aluminothermic reduction showed many sustainable and economic benefits, including
no carbon gas emission, rapid consumption of secondary resource aluminum dross, and
widely-used alloy product.
C1 [Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall Ores, Minist Educ,
Room 219A,Bldg Ferrous Met,3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Lingxi; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimetall
Ores, Minist Educ, Room 219A,Bldg Ferrous Met,3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.; Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11
Foundation of China (Grant numbers 52174301, 51974080) which has made
this research possible.
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2
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4
10.3103/S0967091214020156
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173
2015-389
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 75
IS 4
BP 1180
EP 1191
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05561-0
EA NOV 2022
PG 12
GA R3OA7
UT WOS:000877995400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, JM
Wang, B
Du, ZY
Guo, YX
Cheng, FQ
AF Gao, Jian-ming
Wang, Bo
Du, Zongyuan
Guo, Yanxia
Cheng, Fangqin
TI Molten salt synthesis of mullite whiskers entirely derived from fly ash
for electronic packaging toughening ceramic applications
LA English
DT Article
DE Mullite; Whisker; Coal fly ash; Molten salt method; Electronic packaging
ID POROUS MULLITE; HIGH-STRENGTH; MICROFILTRATION MEMBRANE; NANOCOMPOSITES
POWDERS; FABRICATION; SUPPORTS; POROSITY; SURFACE
AB Preparation of mullite from high-alumina coal fly ash (CFA) has become one of
the most important ways for high-value utilization. However, low Al2O3/SiO2 ratio,
poor reaction activity and various impurities in fly ash led to poor quality of
mullite products. Conven-tional sintering method requires addition of aluminum
sources and sintering additives, and high synthesis temperature. This paper
proposes a new technical route for preparation of mullite whiskers entirely from
fly ash by molten salt method based on additive activation-acid leaching process.
The growth process and synthesis mechanism of mullite whiskers in Na2SO4 molten
salt from fly ash were systematically investigated, and the application of fly ash-
derived mullite whiskers in electronic packaging toughening ceramic was also
explored. The results show that leaching liquor containing Al3+, Na+, and SO42-,
and amorphous silica slag can be separated and obtained after acid leaching of
activated fly ash at 80 degrees C, and the fly ash-derived mullite whiskers with a
length of about 1 mm can be synthesized from the mixture of crystalline products
and silica slag by the proposed method under the optimal synthesis conditions.
Using amorphous silica slag with higher dissolution activity as the silicon source,
the nucleation of mullite whiskers with homo-geneous nucleation process is promoted
and highly monodispersed mullite whiskers derived from fly ash form. The fly ash-
derived mullite whiskers can improve the me-chanical strength, reduce the
dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composite ceramic substrates, and
the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composite ceramic are the lowest
5.16 and 0.006, respectively, when the mullite addition content is 20 wt.%,
indicating that they could be used as electronic packaging materials. This paper
provides a novel pathway for synthesis of mullite whiskers and high-value
utilization of fly ash.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an
open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Gao, Jian-ming; Wang, Bo; Du, Zongyuan; Guo, Yanxia; Cheng, Fangqin] Shanxi
Univ, Shanxi Collaborat Innovat Ctr High Value added Uti, State Environm Protect
Key Lab Efficient Utilizat, Shanxi Lab Yellow River, Taiyuan 030006, Peoples R
China.
[Gao, Jian-ming; Cheng, Fangqin] Shanxi Univ, Inst Resources & Environm Engn,
State Environm Protect Key Lab Efficient Utilizat, Taiyuan 030006, Peoples R China.
C3 Shanxi University; Shanxi University
RP Gao, JM; Cheng, FQ (corresponding author), Shanxi Univ, Inst Resources &
Environm Engn, State Environm Protect Key Lab Efficient Utilizat, Taiyuan 030006,
Peoples R China.
EM gaojianming@sxu.edu.cn; cfangqin@sxu.edu.cn
Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education
Institutions in Shanxi [2020L0009]; Shanxi Province Central Government
Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project
[YDZJSX2022A004]; Shanxi Prov- ince Applied Basic Research Project
[201801D221325]; Xiangyuan Country Comprehensive Utilization Science and
Technology of Solid Waste Research Projects [2018XYSDJS-04]
FX The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. U1810205 and 51804192) , Scientific and
Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in
Shanxi (2020L0009) , Shanxi Province Central Government Guided Local
Science and Technology Development Fund Project (YDZJSX2022A004) ,
Shanxi Prov- ince Applied Basic Research Project (No. 201801D221325) ,
and Xiangyuan Country Comprehensive Utilization Science and Technology
of Solid Waste Research Projects (No. 2018XYSDJS-04) .
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NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2022
VL 21
BP 3719
EP 3731
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.11.010
PG 13
Engineering
GA 9B6HR
UT WOS:000934836800003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zolin, AN
Dobromilov, AA
Esil'baev, RD
Shafigulin, RK
Gulyakov, VS
Vusikhis, AS
AF Zolin, A. N.
Dobromilov, A. A.
Esil'baev, R. D.
Shafigulin, R. K.
Gulyakov, V. S.
Vusikhis, A. S.
TI Use of Solid Slag Mixtures in a Ladle Furnace Unit
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE industrial waste; environmental situation; slag; steel; fluorspar;
ferroalloy production; ladle furnace; sulfur; fluidity
AB High quality steels have a low sulfur content. Steel is purified from sulfur by
treating it with highly basic slags. Scarce fluorspar is used to provide slags with
the required fluidity, which decomposes during smelting with the liberation of
toxic fluorine into a workshop atmosphere. Alumina is also a thinner for highly
basic slags, which is present in sufficient concentrations in aluminothermic
production slags that are sent to landfill and create pressure on the environment.
Slag dumps are "technogenic deposits" that can be a raw material base. In
particular, industrial ferroalloy slags with a high alumina content may be used to
prepare a thinning slag-forming mixture that can be used in steelmaking instead of
scarce fluorspar. Preparation of a slag-forming mixture from waste slag will reduce
the environmental pressure on slag dumps and their use as a slag thinner during
steel refining in the working area of a steelmaking workshop by eliminating toxic
fluorine emissions released during fluorspar decomposition. Replacement of scarce
fluorspar with a slag-forming mixture in steelmaking will reduce steel cost by
lowering aluminum consumption for slag deoxidation.
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ArcelorMittal Temirtau, Temirtau, Kazakhstan.
[Gulyakov, V. S.; Vusikhis, A. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch,
Ekaterinburg, Russia.
C3 Institute of Metallurgy UB RAS; Russian Academy of Sciences
RP Gulyakov, VS (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch,
EM gvs49@mail.ru; vas58@mail.ru
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NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD SEP
PY 2022
VL 66
IS 5-6
BP 698
EP 703
DI 10.1007/s11015-022-01383-2
EA OCT 2022
PG 6
GA 5T8RN
UT WOS:000864952000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xia, BL
Wu, CL
Zhang, XZ
Li, HX
Li, ZG
Jiao, FC
AF Xia Baoliang
Wu Chengli
Zhang Xingzhao
Li Hanxu
Li Zhiguo
Jiao Facun
TI Regulation of Ash-fusion Behaviors for High Ash-fusion-temperature Coals
in the Huainan & Huaibei Mining Area by Flux Addition
SO SOLID FUEL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Regulation; Ash-fusion behavior; Silica-aluminum oxide; Mineral
transformation; Flux addition
ID GASIFICATION; SLAG; FUSIBILITY; VISCOSITY; GLASS; TRANSFORMATION
AB To produce coal with a high ash fusion temperature (AFT) as the raw material for
gasification, the addition of fluxes is often adopted. In this paper, the ash
chemistry of coals from the Huainan-Huaibei mining area (Zhuji and Taoyuan) was
analysed to investigate the mechanisms of the composition modulation and,
subsequently, the ash melting behaviour of coals with high-ash melting points in
relation to non-pure matter fluxes. The chemical composition of the mixed ash was
studied via X-ray powder diffractometry using normalised reference intensity ratio
software, with the mineral transformation behaviour obtained using a scanning
electron microscope analyser equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer
and summarised using FactSage8.1 software analysis. For coals from Taoyuan and
Zhuji, which have high silica-aluminium oxide content, the AFTs were significantly
reduced when flux additions of 6% were used to meet the requirements of the
entrained flow gasifier. To balance the gasification requirements and the
controlled addition, the optimum addition level for the two high-ash-melting-point
coals is 5-6%. The increase in flux addition leads to the conversion of high-
melting-point mullite, sillimanite and quartz to amorphous materials, which reduces
the corresponding AFTs, with the amorphous materials subsequently producing a
liquid phase with a content that reflects the change in AFT.
C1 [Xia Baoliang; Wu Chengli; Zhang Xingzhao; Li Hanxu; Jiao Facun] Anhui Univ Sci
& Technol, Sch Chem Engn, Huainan 232001, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Li Zhiguo] LinHuan Coking Co, Huaibei 235141, Anhui, Peoples R China.
EM austhhx@163.com; fcjiao@aust.edu.cn
OI Baoliang, Xia/0000-0002-0370-536X
FU National Key R&D Program Project [2019YFC1904304]; Foundation of
Provincial Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Colleges
[KJ2020A0278]; Anhui University of Technology Postgraduate Innovation
Fund Project [2021CX1002]
FX The work was supported by the National Key R&D Program Project [Grant
2019YFC1904304], Foundation of Provincial Natural Science Research
Project of Anhui Colleges [Grant KJ2020A0278] and Anhui University of
Technology Postgraduate Innovation Fund Project [Grant 2021CX1002].
CR [Anonymous], BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2019
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3820(02)00063-2
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NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 19
PI NEW YORK
PA PLEIADES HOUSE, 7 W 54 ST, NEW YORK, NY, UNITED STATES
SN 0361-5219
EI 1934-8029
J9 SOLID FUEL CHEM+
JI Solid Fuel Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 56
IS 4
BP 304
EP 313
DI 10.3103/S0361521922040036
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
GA 3U8XB
UT WOS:000841246800010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rudskoi, AI
Parshin, SG
AF Rudskoi, A., I
Parshin, S. G.
TI Electrochemical Removal of Hydroxyl and Diffusible Hydrogen in Aluminum
Fluoride Slags of Welding Flux-Cored Wires
SO DOKLADY CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE molten slag; diffusible hydrogen; flux-cored wire; weld pool
AB This paper presents the scientific and technological principles of
electrochemical removal of diffusible hydrogen by reactions of hydroxyl and
hydrogen in molten aluminum fluoride slag and in the gas phase. A model was
proposed for the electrochemical processes in the weld pool with the formation of
aluminum fluoride polymer clusters in TiO2-CaF2-Na3AlF6 slag to reduce the content
of diffusible hydrogen, decrease the volume of slag inclusions, and improve the
mechanical properties of bainitic steel welded joints.
C1 [Rudskoi, A., I; Parshin, S. G.] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St
C3 Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
RP Rudskoi, AI (corresponding author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St
EM a.rudskoy@spbstu.ru
RI Parshin, Sergey G./AAD-7950-2021
CR Budau JH, 2017, CHEM PHYS, V491, P112, DOI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.05.004
Buznik V.M., 2017, VESTNIK ROSSIISKOY A, V87, P827, DOI
10.7868/S0869587317090122
Chung SH, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P991, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1495-1
Dong YW, 2011, J CENT SOUTH UNIV T, V18, P1063, DOI 10.1007/s11771-011-0804-5
[Горынин И.В. Gorynin I.V.], 2015, [Арктика: экология и экономика, Arctic:
Ecology and Economy, Arktika: ekologiya i ekonomika], P82
Kovalchuk M.V, 2011, TOPLIVNO ENERGETICHE, P369
Litvinenko VS, 2020, J MIN INST, V244, P428, DOI 10.31897/PMI.2020.4.5
Parshin SG, 2020, METALS-BASEL, V10, DOI 10.3390/met10111498
Rudskoi AI, 2021, METALS-BASEL, V11, DOI 10.3390/met11121891
453
Takeda O, 2015, INT J THERMOPHYS, V36, P648, DOI 10.1007/s10765-014-1828-5
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI NEW YORK
SN 0012-5008
EI 1608-3113
J9 DOKL CHEM
JI Dokl. Chem.
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 504
IS 2
BP 118
EP 121
DI 10.1134/S0012500822700033
PG 4
SC Chemistry
GA 5X5VU
UT WOS:000878668200004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ju, JR
Feng, YL
Li, HR
Xu, CL
AF Ju, Jinrong
Feng, Yali
Li, Haoran
Xu, Chenglong
TI Extraction of valuable metals from acidic wastewater and blast furnace
slag by a collaborative utilization process
LA English
DT Article
DE acidic wastewater; leaching; low titanium-bearing blast furnace slag;
oxalic acid precipitation; titanium phosphate
ID FOAM GLASS-CERAMICS; SULFURIC-ACID; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; SELECTIVE
ENRICHMENT; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; TI; KINETICS; PRECIPITATION; REDUCTION;
MECHANISM
AB Two typical wastes, acidic wastewater and titanium-bearing blast furnace slag,
are generated in the smelting process of vanadium-titanium magnetite. Generally,
the acidic wastewater is neutralized by lime or limestone and titanium-bearing
blast furnace slag is directly stacked in the tailings pond, which not only
pollutes the ecological environment but also causes the waste of metal resources.
In this study, a collaborative utilization process for efficient extraction of
titanium, iron, magnesium, and aluminum from acidic wastewater and low titanium-
bearing blast furnace (LTBBF) slag was proposed. At the leaching temperature of 80
degrees C, the leaching time of 50 min, and the liquid-solid ratio of 9:1, 99.26%
Ti, 99.47% Mg, and 99.45% Al could be extracted from LTBBF slag by acidic
wastewater. Leaching residue mainly composed of Ca and Si could be used as silicon
fertilizer. The Ti in the leaching solution could be separated by adding Na3PO4.
The precipitation efficiency of Ti reached 98.53% under the molar ratio of Na3PO4
to TiO2 of 1.4, reaction temperature of 85 degrees C, and reaction time of 40 min.
The titanium phosphate ((TiO)(2)P2O7) was obtained by calcination of the
precipitate at 900 degrees C for 3 h. Adding oxalic acid to the filtrate above, the
precipitation efficiency of Fe, Mg, and Mn reached 96.47%, 99.21%, and 99.45%,
respectively, under the optimal conditions, while the precipitation efficiency of
Al was only .38%. By adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6.5, 99.83% Al could be
precipitated as Al(OH)(3), and the final solution was evaporated to obtain Na2SO4
products. The method proposed realizes the harmless treatment of acidic wastewater
and LTBBF slag and recovers the metal resources in both of them.
C1 [Ju, Jinrong; Feng, Yali; Xu, Chenglong] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Civil &
Resource Engn Sch, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Ju, Jinrong; Li, Haoran; Xu, Chenglong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Key
Lab Biochem Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Ju, Jinrong; Li, Haoran; Xu, Chenglong] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049,
Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Institute of Process Engineering, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences;
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
RP Feng, YL (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Civil & Resource
Engn Sch, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Li, HR (corresponding author), Univ
Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
EM ylfeng126@126.com; hrli@ipe.ac.cn
RI Li, Li/IAQ-0885-2023; Ju, Jinrong/ADF-1060-2022; wei, li/GSD-3630-2022;
Li, Hao/GPS-9834-2022; wei, li/ISB-3361-2023
FU China Ocean Mineral Resources RD Association [JS-KTHT-2019-01]
FX This research was supported by China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D
Association under Grant No. JS-KTHT-2019-01.
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NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 28
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1932-2135
EI 1932-2143
PD MAY
PY 2022
VL 17
IS 3
AR e2777
DI 10.1002/apj.2777
EA APR 2022
PG 16
SC Engineering
GA 2C2EJ
UT WOS:000787731700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Keler, MK
Daglilar, S
Kuskonmaz, N
Cetin, Z
Kart, O
Gunduz, O
Gunduz, O
AF Keler, Memduh Kagan
Daglilar, Sibel
Kuskonmaz, Nilgun
Cetin, Zafer
Kart, Onur
Gunduz, Oguz
Gunduz, Oguzhan
TI Casting of Fe-(2-12)Mn-(4-14)Al-(0.09-0.7)C low-density steel via
artificial slag practice
LA English
DT Article
DE Low-density steels; Cast; Artificial slag usage; Induction furnace
melting; Solidification
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AL
AB In this research theoretical and practical studies have been highlighted about
alloy design, casting and steel-slag interaction. The use of a protective slag
layer was identified as an advantageous method in the production of low-density
steels. For the first time in this study, a unique synthetic steelmaking
(CaO/Al2O3:1.57) slag was implemented in an induction furnace with no vacuum
chamber to produce high aluminum in steel. This study showed that manganese and
aluminum directly influence the solidification structure and carbide formation.
Coarser k-carbides have been detected at grain boundaries in austenite as-cast
matrix when the Aluminum increases in the low-density steel.
C1 [Keler, Memduh Kagan; Daglilar, Sibel; Kuskonmaz, Nilgun] Yildiz Tech Univ, Fac
Chem & Met Engn, Met & Mat Engn, Istanbul, Turkey.
[Keler, Memduh Kagan; Cetin, Zafer; Kart, Onur; Gunduz, Oguz] Eregli Iron &
Steel Works Co ERDEMIR, R&D Ctr, Karadeniz Eregli, Turkey.
[Gunduz, Oguzhan] Marmara Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol & Biomat Applicat & Res,
Istanbul, Turkey.
C3 Yildiz Technical University; Marmara University
RP Gunduz, O (corresponding author), Marmara Univ, Ctr Nanotechnol & Biomat
Applicat & Res, Istanbul, Turkey.
EM ucemogu@ucl.ac.uk
RI Gunduz, Oguzhan/E-5292-2011
OI Gunduz, Oguzhan/0000-0002-9427-7574
FU Eregli Iron and Steel (ERDEMIR) Research and Development team
FX The authors would like to acknowledge that this paper is submitted in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for PhD degree at Yildiz
Technical University. The authors also thank Eregli Iron and Steel
(ERDEMIR) Research and Development team for their support.
CR Anijdan SHM, 2021, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V15, P4768, DOI
10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.10.054
Chen SP, 2017, PROG MATER SCI, V89, P345, DOI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2017.05.002
Prasad VVS, 2014, JOM-US, V66, P1785, DOI 10.1007/s11837-014-1065-1
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Sabzi M, 2018, J MANUF PROCESS, V34, P313, DOI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.06.009
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD JUL 15
PY 2022
VL 319
AR 132277
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2022.132277
EA APR 2022
PG 4
GA 2S0PS
UT WOS:000821504400006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Luo, Y
Wu, MH
Yang, W
Zhang, LF
AF Luo, Yan
Wu, Minghui
Yang, Wen
Zhang, Lifeng
TI Effect of the La2O3 Content in Slag on Inclusions
in Al-Killed Steels
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM
AB In order to explore the reaction between the molten steel and the slag
containing rare earth oxides, the effect of the La2O3 in slag on inclusions in the
molten steel was carried out through laboratory experiments and thermodynamic
calculations. In the case of steel-slag ratio of 5:1, the chemical reaction between
La2O3 in slag and the molten steel occurred so that the element La was transferred
to the molten steel and reacted with the existing inclusions in the steel
generating a large amount of inclusions containing La2O3. As the La2O3 content in
the slag increased to 5 pct, the total La content in the steel and the La2O3
content in inclusions gradually increased to 1.9 ppm and 4.63 pct, respectively.
Both of them changed slightly when the La2O3 in slag further increased to 10 pct.
The number density of>5 lm inclusions decreased from 4.76 to 0.44 #/mm(2) when the
La2O3 content in the slag increased from 0 to 10 pct. Moreover, it was found that
the La2O3 in the slag was beneficial to remove Al2O3-MgO inclusions from the molten
steel. An activity model of slag was established based on the ion and molecule
coexistence theory, and it was proved that the activity of Al2O3 in the slag
increased with the increase of La2O3 in the slag. In addition, the dissolved
aluminum in the molten steel would promote the reduction of La2O3 in the slag,
which was verified by both the experimental data and the thermodynamic calculation.
The formation mechanism of inclusions during the steel-slag equilibrium reaction
was discussed. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International
2022
C1 [Luo, Yan; Wu, Minghui; Yang, Wen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
Peoples R China.
Technology
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), North China
Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China.
EM wenyang@ustb.edu.cn; zhanglifeng@ncut.edu.cn
FU National Science Foundation China [52004025, U1860206, 51725402]; S&T
Program of Hebei [20311005D]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
Foundation China (Grant No. 52004025, No. U1860206, No. 51725402), and
S&T Program of Hebei (Grant No. 20311005D), the High Steel Center (HSC)
at Yanshan University, Hebei Innovation Center of the Development and
Application of High Quality Steel Materials, Hebei International
Research Center of Advanced and Intelligent Manufacturing of High
Quality Steel Materials.
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NR 30
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 4
BP 2088
EP 2103
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02510-9
EA APR 2022
PG 16
Engineering
GA 4H7QX
UT WOS:000780745300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yin, P
Xu, CG
Pan, QX
Zhang, WJ
Jiang, XW
AF Yin, Peng
Xu, Chunguang
Pan, Qinxue
Zhang, Wenjun
Jiang, Xiaowei
TI Study on ultrasonic regulation of the welding performance and defects of
7A52 aluminum alloy plate
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; VIBRATION; JOINTS; BEHAVIOR;
METAL; GRAIN; FLOW
AB The welding performance and defects of thick aluminum alloy plates with medium
and high strength are always a hot research topic. In this study, ultrasonic
technology was used to regulate the properties and defects of welded joints of a
7A52 aluminum alloy plate during double-sided welding, and these welded joints were
compared with conventional welded joints. X rays were used to macroscopically
detect the defects of welded joints. An optical microscope was used to analyze the
grain structure and microdefects in each zone of welded joints. The tensile and
impact tests were carried out on the joints. The fracture morphology of tensile and
impact specimens was observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the defects
and slag inclusions were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy. In the process
of ultrasonic welding, the crystallization process of the molten metal pool was
changed, and the solidification and heat transfer environment under ultrasonic
influence directly led to the change in the properties and defects of welded
joints. The experimental results show that the 7A52 aluminum alloy joints can
produce deep penetration and very few macroscopic defects after ultrasonic
adjustment. Ultrasonic waves can refine the grains in the weld zone, heat-affected
zone, and fusion zone and reduce the microdefects in each zone. The tensile and
impact properties of ultrasonic welds have been improved by 84% and 87%,
respectively. Therefore, ultrasonic waves can regulate the welding performance and
defects of 7A52 aluminum alloy plates and other aluminum alloy plates with a
similar structural composition. This study provides guidance for the selection of a
double-sided welding method with low cost, high efficiency, and good joint
performance for aluminum alloy plates. (C) 2022 Author(s)
C1 [Yin, Peng; Xu, Chunguang; Pan, Qinxue; Zhang, Wenjun; Jiang, Xiaowei] Beijing
Inst Technol, Key Lab Fundamental Sci Adv Machining, Beijing 100081, Peoples R
China.
[Jiang, Xiaowei] Jiangsu Inst Automat, Lianyungang 222061, Jiangsu, Peoples R
China.
C3 Beijing Institute of Technology
RP Pan, QX (corresponding author), Beijing Inst Technol, Key Lab Fundamental Sci
Adv Machining, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM panqx@bit.edu.cn
OI Zhang, Wenjun/0000-0001-9371-2397
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1737203, 51975050]; Basic
Technology Research - Technology and Quality Division of the Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology [JSZL2018602C001]
FX This research and publication were supported by the project of the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1737203 and
51975050) and the Basic Technology Research, which is funded by the
Technology and Quality Division of the Ministry of Industry and
Information Technology (Grant No. JSZL2018602C001).
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NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 20
U2 40
PU AIP Publishing
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
EI 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD APR 1
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 4
AR 045118
DI 10.1063/5.0084082
PG 10
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 0Z3RM
UT WOS:000790998300005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, K
van der Eijk, C
Gouttebroze, S
Du, Q
Safarian, J
Tranell, G
AF Tang, Kai
van der Eijk, Casper
Gouttebroze, Sylvain
Du, Qiang
Safarian, Jafar
Tranell, Gabriella
TI Rheological properties of
Al2O3-CaO-SiO2 slags
LA English
DT Article
DE Al2O3-CaO-SiO2; Viscosity; Phenomenological model; Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann
formalism; TTT; CCT
ID SILICATE MELTS; PART I; VISCOSITY; LIQUIDS; BINARY; MODEL;
TRANSFORMATIONS; RECOVERY; KINETICS; SYSTEMS
AB The Al2O3-CaO-SiO2 ternary is a basic oxide system relevant for the Pedersen
alumina production process and for aluminothermic silicon production with low
environmental impact using secondary aluminium and silica raw materials.
Rheological property is one of the most important properties for the above
applications. A phenomenological viscosity model, inspired by the Calphad
technique, has been proposed for the description of the rheological properties
covering from homogenous liquid to heterogenous partial solidified Al2O3-CaO-SiO2
slags. The model has been developed by modification of the well-known Vogel-
Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) formalism. Based on the phenomenological viscosity model, the
effective diffusivity of slag can be evaluated. The relationships between cooling
temperature rate, incubation time of solid precipitates as well as transition
temperature have then been estimated. The model calculated the isothermal time-
temperature-transformation (TTT) and the non-isothermal continuous-cooling-
transformation (CCT) curves of CaAl2O4 and anorthite phases are in good agreement
with the experimental observations.
C1 [Tang, Kai; van der Eijk, Casper] SINTEF Ind, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
[Gouttebroze, Sylvain; Du, Qiang] SINTEF Ind, N-0314 Oslo, Norway.
[Safarian, Jafar; Tranell, Gabriella] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Trondheim, Norway.
C3 SINTEF; SINTEF; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
RP Tang, K (corresponding author), SINTEF Ind, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
EM kai.tang@sintef.no
OI van der Eijk, Casper/0000-0001-6484-2635; Tang, Kai/0000-0002-6657-5187
FU European Union [869268, 767533]; H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
[767533] Funding Source: H2020 Societal Challenges Programme
FX The current work has received funding from the European Union?s Horizon
2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 869268
(Sisal Pilot) and No 767533 (EnsureAl) .
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NR 52
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 77
AR 102421
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2022.102421
EA MAR 2022
PG 6
Engineering
GA 5F6RO
UT WOS:000866440900003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chowdepalli, B
Karnamprabhakara, BK
Balunaini, U
AF Chowdepalli, Bhargavi
Karnamprabhakara, Bhargav Kumar
Balunaini, Umashankar
TI Mechanical and environmental characteristics of geogrid-reinforced waste
foundry sand beds
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-GROUND IMPROVEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE foundations; geogrids; waste management & disposal
ID ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY; STRUCTURAL FILL; FLY-ASH; FOOTINGS; BEHAVIOR;
METALS; SLAG
AB Different waste materials, such as fly-ash and bottom-ash, slag waste and
construction and demolition waste have been extensively studied to replace
depleting natural granular materials for fill applications. Waste foundry sand
(WFS), a by-product from the aluminium metal-casting industry, is one such waste
material that can be a viable fill material. In the current study, extensive large-
scale model experimental tests were carried out on geogrid-reinforced WFS beds to
understand their load-settlement behaviour. Basic characterisation studies on WFS
included gradation, specific gravity, morphology, chemical composition and
compaction testing. During large-scale model experimental testing, the geogrid
reinforcement was placed at an optimum placement depth, and the maximum improvement
in the load-carrying capacity of the footing resting on the reinforced WFS layer
was quantified in terms of bearing capacity ratio (BCR). The BCR of reinforced WFS
beds was found to be in the range of 1.3-2.0 based on the test conditions
considered in the study. The reduction in the settlement of footing on reinforced
WFS beds was also quantified. Additionally, the environmental impact of using WFS
in reinforced foundation beds was assessed through leachate tests. The dissolved
metal concentrations from leachate studies were found to be within permissible
limits.
C1 [Chowdepalli, Bhargavi; Karnamprabhakara, Bhargav Kumar; Balunaini, Umashankar]
Indian Inst Technol Hyderabad, Dept Civil Engn, Kandi, India.
Technology (IIT) - Hyderabad
RP Balunaini, U (corresponding author), Indian Inst Technol Hyderabad, Dept Civil
Engn, Kandi, India.
EM buma@ce.iith.ac.in
RI K P, Bhargav Kumar/AFV-5789-2022
OI K P, Bhargav Kumar/0000-0003-4622-3843; Bhargavi,
Chowdepalli/0000-0002-8598-690X
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NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI Leeds
PA Floor 5, Northspring 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds, W YORKSHIRE,
ENGLAND
SN 1755-0750
EI 1755-0769
J9 PROC INST CIV ENG-GR
JI Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng.-Ground Improv.
PD FEB 23
PY 2022
VL 176
IS 4
BP 222
EP 232
AR 2100022
DI 10.1680/jgrim.21.00022
EA MAR 2022
PG 11
WC Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA O7UR4
UT WOS:000772848200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JB
Pan, WB
Huang, HH
Chen, ZY
Zhao, MH
Sun, YQ
AF Chen, Jian-Bin
Pan, Wen-Bo
Huang, Hong-Hong
Chen, Zhi-Yu
Zhao, Ming-Hui
Sun, Ya-Qin
TI Activity of SiO2 in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Molten Slags Containing
CaF2 or B2O3 at 1450 °C
LA English
DT Article
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; MANGANESE OXIDE;
IRON-OXIDE; MOLD SLAG; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; LIQUID-IRON; HOT METAL;
MNO; SILICA
AB To understand the thermodynamic characteristics of the reaction between Al and
SiO2 for the continuous casting process of high-aluminum steel, the activity
coefficients of SiO2 and MnO in molten slag of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-(2 to 3) mass pct
MgO-(< 2 mass pct) MnO slags containing CaF2 or B2O3 were measured at 1450 degrees
C by experiments of Si and Mn equilibrium between liquid copper and molten slag in
a graphite crucible under the mixed gas atmosphere of CO and Ar. The effects of
SiO2, Al2O3, CaF2, and B2O3 and the basicity on the activity coefficients of SiO2
and MnO in molten slag were discussed. The relationships between the activity
coefficients of SiO2 and MnO and the concentrations of components in slag were
analyzed by the regression analysis method. The results show that the activity
coefficients of both SiO2 and MnO decreased with an increase in the SiO2 and Al2O3
content but increased with an increase in the CaF2 and B2O3 content and the
basicity.
C1 [Chen, Jian-Bin; Pan, Wen-Bo; Huang, Hong-Hong; Chen, Zhi-Yu; Zhao, Ming-Hui;
Sun, Ya-Qin] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R
China.
C3 Shanghai Institute of Technology
RP Chen, JB (corresponding author), Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
EM jianbin_chen63@126.com
RI Chen, Jianbin/GNW-5673-2022
FX The authors expresses their gratitude to the funding support by National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51874198).
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NR 63
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 3
BP 1526
EP 1537
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02462-0
EA MAR 2022
PG 12
Engineering
GA 1A5VH
UT WOS:000765192600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Krishna, GG
AF Krishna, G. Gopala
TI Improving joint strength of the friction stir welding of dissimilar
aluminium alloy by using coating technique
SO SADHANA-ACADEMY PROCEEDINGS IN ENGINEERING SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Friction stir welding; aluminium AA6351 and AA5083 alloy; copper and
zinc materials; tensile strength and Taguchi technique
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; OPTIMIZATION;
MAGNESIUM; STEEL
AB The combination features like low cost and low weight with moderate quality are
the present significant requirement. All these features are well satisfied by
different Aluminium (Al) alloy combinations, so the utilizations of Al alloys are
growing day-by-day. These alloys are promptly replaceable steels in numerous
applications since the resistance of corrosion characteristic is one more
attractive feature apart from other characteristics like low weight and low cost.
The welding of Al and its various alloy combinations with customary combination
welding methods regularly delivers a weld with various defects, for example, slag
inclusions, voids, porosity. Because of these imperfections, the quality of the
weld joint reduces drastically. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a recently developed
process for joining different materials. This process is developed and patented by
TWI, The Welding Institute, UK. These process procedures take place below the
melting point of the material to be welded. Solid-state nature of this procedure
overcomes many welding imperfections which generally happen during the conventional
type of fusion welding combinations. Henceforth FSW produces a sensibly high-
quality weld joint with the non-appearance of melt related imperfections. Joining
of a dissimilar Al alloy joints of AA6351 with AA5083 is broadly valuable in
aviation and shipbuilding. Particularly it is extremely valuable in marine-related
industries due to the characteristic of alloy AA5083 which is corrosion resistant
in seawater. In this work, a trial of experiments has been done to improve the
quality of the weld joint by adding Copper and Zinc materials in coating form to
AA6351 and AA5083 alloys. These coated 5 mm thick dissimilar Al plates are friction
stir (FS) welded by utilizing the Taguchi technique with three variables factors
and three levels.
C1 [Krishna, G. Gopala] TKR Coll Engn & Technol Autonomous, Dept Mech Engn,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
RP Krishna, GG (corresponding author), TKR Coll Engn & Technol Autonomous, Dept
Mech Engn, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
EM krishkans@gmail.com
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NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER INDIA
PI NEW DELHI
INDIA
SN 0256-2499
EI 0973-7677
J9 SADHANA-ACAD P ENG S
JI Sadhana-Acad. Proc. Eng. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2022
VL 47
IS 1
AR 7
DI 10.1007/s12046-021-01779-x
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA XQ2QM
UT WOS:000731395100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sarkar, S
Anand, V
Ranjan, R
Borra, CR
Sahoo, PP
AF Sarkar, Sidhartha
Anand, Vijay
Ranjan, Rajeev
Borra, Chenna Rao
Sahoo, P. P.
TI Elimination of Fluorspar Use and Reduction in Lime Consumption at Ladle
Furnace by Reutilizing Alumina-Rich Ladle Furnace Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluorspar; Lime; Slag; Ladle furnace; Fluxing agent; FactSage
ID SYNTHETIC SLAG
AB Fluorspar is added as a fluxing agent, to increase the solubility of basic
compounds and maintain the fluidity of the slag in secondary steelmaking. In the
present study, it was found that the composition of ladle furnace (LF) slag from
silicon-killed steel falls in C2S zone in the ternary diagram of SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-
MgO. This slag regime can be shifted towards the liquid region by either extending
towards Al2O3 or SiO2. An extensive study of LF slag obtained from aluminum-killed
steel, through high-temperature characterizations and thermodynamic calculation
done using FactSage showed that it has the potential to work as a fluidizing
compound for the slag, generated during processing of Si-killed steel grades. The
benefit of Al-killed slag was checked on a laboratory scale. The melting
temperature, chemical composition, and phases present were checked for different
ratios of Al-killed slag with Si-killed slag. The results are further corroborated
through industrial trials. The industrial trials showed a significant reduction of
lime consumption by around 100 kg/heat during LF treatment and similar fluidity as
the use of fluorspar was achieved.
C1 [Sarkar, Sidhartha; Sahoo, P. P.] Tata Steel Ltd, R&D, Jamshedpur 831001, Bihar,
India.
[Anand, Vijay; Ranjan, Rajeev] Tata Steel Ltd, LD1, Jamshedpur 831001, Bihar,
India.
[Borra, Chenna Rao] IIT Kharagpur, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Kharagpur 721302, W
Bengal, India.
C3 Tata Sons; Tata Steel Limited; Tata Sons; Tata Steel Limited; Indian
Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) - Kharagpur
RP Sahoo, PP (corresponding author), Tata Steel Ltd, R&D, Jamshedpur 831001, Bihar,
India.
EM p.sahoo@tatasteel.com
OI Sahoo, PP/0000-0003-4638-5850
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NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2199-3823
EI 2199-3831
J9 J SUSTAIN METALL
JI J. SUST. METALL.
PD MAR
PY 2022
VL 8
IS 1
BP 398
EP 408
DI 10.1007/s40831-022-00492-1
EA FEB 2022
PG 11
Engineering
Engineering
GA ZP9KF
UT WOS:000749965600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ju, JT
Zhu, ZH
Gu, Y
Yang, KS
Zhang, QM
AF Ju, Jiantao
Zhu, Zhihong
Gu, Yue
Yang, Kangshuai
Zhang, Qiming
TI Evolution of Inclusions in Incoloy825 during Electroslag Remelting
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE electroslag remelting; Incoloy825; inclusion; TiN
ID ALLOYING ELEMENTS; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; STAINLESS-STEEL;
OXIDATION-KINETICS; SLAG COMPOSITION; TI CONTENTS; TITANIUM;
SOLIDIFICATION; DEOXIDATION; MECHANISM
AB Fifty kilogram-scale electroslag remelting (ESR) experiments using slag with
different TiO2 contents in an electroslag furnace were performed to investigate the
size, amount and types of inclusions in an electrode and remelted ingots. The
results show that the contents of aluminum and titanium increased and decreased,
respectively, compared to those in a consumable electrode. The inclusions in the
consumable electrode were TiS, TiN and Al2O3 surrounded by a TiN layer, and the
inclusions in the remelted ingots were TiN, MgO-Al2O3 and MgO-Al2O3 surrounded by a
TiN layer. With the increase in the height of the ingots, the average size of
inclusions increased from 2.5 to 4.4 mu m. Increasing the TiO2 content in the slag
promoted the formation of MgO-Al2O3 and made the inclusions larger in the remelted
ingots. To make the size of inclusions in remelted ingots of Incoloy825 smaller,
the TiO2 in the slag should be decreased. The TiS in the electrode was removed
during ESR. Part of the TiN dissociated during the reaction between the liquid
metal and slag by molten slag, and most of the TiN inclusions originated from the
consumable electrode. The Al2O3 inclusions surrounded by a TiN layer in the
consumable electrode were finally transformed to MgO-Al2O3 and MgO-Al2O3 surrounded
by a TiN layer in the remelted ingots.
C1 [Ju, Jiantao; Zhu, Zhihong; Gu, Yue; Yang, Kangshuai; Zhang, Qiming] Xian Univ
Architecture & Technol, Sch Met Engn, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
[Ju, Jiantao] Shaanxi Engn Res Ctr Met, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
C3 Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology
RP Ju, JT (corresponding author), Xian Univ Architecture & Technol, Sch Met Engn,
Xian 710055, Peoples R China.; Ju, JT (corresponding author), Shaanxi Engn Res Ctr
Met, Xian 710055, Peoples R China.
EM ju_jiantao@163.com; zhuzhihong19@126.com; guyue_1204@126.com;
yangkangshuai_6966@163.com; zqm1217@126.com
FX FundingThis research was funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China, grant number 51774225.
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NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 16
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 2
AR 208
DI 10.3390/met12020208
PG 12
Engineering
GA ZU2PM
UT WOS:000769686800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JB
Luan, HZ
Huang, HH
Zhao, MH
Pan, WB
Chen, ZY
AF Chen, Jian-Bin
Luan, Huai-Zhuang
Huang, Hong-Hong
Zhao, Ming-Hui
Pan, Wen-Bo
Chen, Zhi-Yu
TI Thermodynamic Activity of SiO2 in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MnO-MgO System Molten
Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE thermodynamics; activity coefficient; activity; SiO2; MnO; slag; mold
flux; high aluminum steel
ID ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; MANGANESE OXIDE; IRON-OXIDE; SILICA; MNO; FEO;
MODEL
AB To understand the thermodynamic characteristics of the reaction between Al and
SiO2 during the continuous casting process of the high-aluminum steel, the activity
coefficients of SiO2 and MnO in molten slags of (18-43%) CaO-(33-64%) SiO2-(9-21%)
Al2O3-(2-3%) MgO-(< 2.4%) MnO were measured at 1 400 degrees C, 1 450 degrees C and
1 500 degrees C by the experiments of the Si and Mn equilibrium between liquid
copper and molten slag in the graphite crucible under the mixed gas atmosphere of
CO and Ar. The effects of SiO2, Al2O3, the basicity, the radio of CaO/Al2O3 and the
temperature on the activity coefficients of SiO2 and MnO in molten slag were
discussed. The quadratic regression relationships among the activity coefficient of
SiO2 or MnO, the concentration of component, the basicity and the temperature were
investigated by the regression analysis method.
C1 [Chen, Jian-Bin; Luan, Huai-Zhuang; Huang, Hong-Hong; Zhao, Ming-Hui; Pan, Wen-
Bo; Chen, Zhi-Yu] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201418,
Peoples R China.
RI Chen, Jianbin/GNW-5673-2022
FX The author expresses his gratitude to the funding support by National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51874198).
CR BAIRD JD, 1958, T FARADAY SOC, V54, P526, DOI 10.1039/tf9585400526
730
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NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 41
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 7
BP 1341
EP 1351
PG 11
GA 2T9PA
UT WOS:000822796900003
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Duan, SC
Park, JH
AF Duan, Sheng Chao
Park, Joo Hyun
TI Comparison of Oxidation Behavior of Various Reactive Elements in Alloys
during Electroslag Remelting (ESR) Process: An Overview
LA English
DT Review
DE electroslag remelting; CaF2-containing slag; oxidation loss; ion and
molecule coexistence theory (IMCT); activity
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; STAINLESS-STEEL; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
FLUORIDE VAPORIZATION; SLAG COMPOSITION; OXYGEN CONTROL; MOLTEN SLAGS;
TITANIUM; SYSTEM; ALUMINUM
AB The oxidation behavior of various reactive elements, such as Al/Ti, B/Si, and
rare earth metals (REM), by electroslag remelting (ESR) type slag has been
investigated utilizing the systematic thermodynamic analysis based on the
calculated activity in the fluoride-containing slags by the ion and molecule
coexistence theory (IMCT). The results indicate that the IMCT model can be reliably
applied to calculate the activity of each component in the ESR type slag. The
oxidation behavior of the various reactive elements is completely different by
changing the same component in the slag, such as CaO and Al2O3, during the ESR
process. Therefore, it is indispensable to find a key parameter to control the
homogeneity of the reactive elements in remelted ingots by comparing the effects of
the activity of each component and temperature on the equilibrium content of the
various reactive elements in alloy melts. The results demonstrate that the
oxidation loss of Al/Ti, B/Si, and REM (Ce and La) can be effectively prevented by
employing TiO2, B2O3/SiO2, and CaO during the ESR process. Oxidation behavior of
B/Si and Ce(La)/Al is weakly susceptible to temperature fluctuation compared with
that of Al/Ti in alloy melts, which can be controlled by adding TiO2.
C1 [Duan, Sheng Chao; Park, Joo Hyun] Hanyang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Ansan
15588, South Korea.
15588, South Korea.
RI Duan, Shengchao/M-1269-2017
OI Duan, Shengchao/0000-0001-5007-3601
FU Hanyang University, Korea
FX This work was supported by the research fund of Hanyang University,
Korea (HY-2021). Also, the authors express their appreciation to Dr.
Dong Soo KIM, Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction, Korea, for a
fruitful discussion regarding the commercial ESR process.
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NR 91
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 26
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 8
BP 1561
EP 1572
PG 12
GA 4V6GY
UT WOS:000859574600001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hayashi, M
Zhou, DC
Iwami, Y
Higuchi, T
Watanabe, T
Endo, R
Susa, M
AF Hayashi, Miyuki
Zhou, Daochang
Iwami, Yuji
Higuchi, Takahide
Watanabe, Takashi
Endo, Rie
Susa, Masahiro
TI Effect of 2CaO•SiO2 Addition on Reaction Behavior of Iron Ore
Sinters
LA English
DT Article
DE iron ore sinters; 2CaO center dot SiO2; SFCA; melt formation
temperature; microstructure
ID SILICO-FERRITE; CALCIUM
AB The effect of 2CaO center dot SiO2 (C2S) addition on the melt formation
temperatures and on the microstructures of iron ore sinters has been elucidated
from the perspective of the formation of silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum
(SFCA) in bonding phases as SFCA phases improve the strength of iron ore sinter.
The samples used in this study are categorized into two: "C + S" and "C2S". "C + S"
samples contain CaO and SiO2 as CaO and SiO2 components, while "C2S" samples
contain intermediate compounds of CaO and SiO2, i.e., C2S. Both samples have an
identical chemical composition. The mixed raw materials were subjected to
differential thermal analysis (DTA) and sintering experiment. DTA reveals that the
melt formation temperatures are 1 182 degrees C and 1 216 degrees C for the "C + S"
and "C2S" samples, respectively, which are sufficiently lower than the normal
sintering temperatures. Sintering experiment reveals that the larger amount of SFCA
exist in the "C + S" sample than in the "C2S" sample. This may be associated with
the fact that some SiO2 gangue minerals and reagents remain unreacted for the "C +
S" sample, causing the CaO/SiO2 ratio of the slag melt to be larger for the "C + S"
sample than for the "C2S" sample.
C1 [Hayashi, Miyuki; Zhou, Daochang; Watanabe, Takashi; Endo, Rie; Susa, Masahiro]
Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Meguro Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528552,
Japan.
[Iwami, Yuji; Higuchi, Takahide] JFE Steel Corp, Steel Res Lab, Ironmaking Res
Dept, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 7218510, Japan.
C3 Tokyo Institute of Technology; JFE Holdings, Inc.; JFE Steel
RP Hayashi, M (corresponding author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Meguro Ku, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
EM hayashi.m.ae@m.titech.ac.jp
RI Hayashi, Miyuki/AAW-9891-2020
OI Higuchi, Takahide/0000-0002-8132-6074
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575
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.195
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NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 9
BP 1785
EP 1791
PG 7
GA 4V6HP
UT WOS:000859576300005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rodin, AI
Ermakov, AA
Kyashkin, VM
Rodina, NG
Erofeev, VT
AF Rodin, A. I.
Ermakov, A. A.
Kyashkin, V. M.
Rodina, N. G.
Erofeev, V. T.
TI Porous glass ceramics from siliceous rocks with high operating
temperature
SO MAGAZINE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE glass ceramic; construction material; thermal insulation; siliceous
rocks; aluminium oxide; compressive strength; thermal conductivity;
thermal analysis
ID COAL FLY-ASH; FOAM-GLASS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WASTE GLASS;
MICROSTRUCTURE; SLAG; OPTIMIZATION
AB Porous glass-ceramic materials although light weighted have relatively high
strength, low thermal and sound conductivity, high corrosion resistance, and are
non-combustible, etc. They can be obtained from siliceous rocks, the reserves of
which are huge. The article considers the obtaining of porous glass ceramic
materials with an operating temperature exceeding 900 degrees C. The materials are
obtained from siliceous rocks, Na2CO3, Al2O3 and KCl. Mechanochemical activation of
raw materials was carried out in a planetary ball mill. The resulting charge
mixture was annealed at a temperature of 850 degrees C. Experimental results were
obtained by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal (TA) analysis, scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray microtomography (Micro-CT). Physical-mechanical,
thermophysical properties and chemical stability of obtained materials were
examined. The main crystalline phase of glass ceramics from the calcite-free charge
mixture is anorthoclase and quartz. Apart from that samples with calcite charge
mixture contain wollastonite and devitrite. The increased content of Al2O3 in the
charge mixture displays nepheline in glass ceramics. Calcite in the charge mixture
has a significant effect on the microstructure of porous glass ceramics. The number
of open pores in the material increases from approximate to 5 % to > 50 %. The
compressive strength of porous glass-ceramic materials derived from siliceous rocks
reaches 5.1 MPa. In terms of strength, they are significantly superior to foam
glass. The minimum thermal conductivity of glass ceramics is 0.065 W/(m center dot
degrees C) at a sample density of 244 kg/m(3). Samples withstand temperature drops
by 230 degrees C. The material has a high chemical stability and can be operated at
temperatures reaching 920 degrees C inclusively. The obtained materials can be used
as thermal insulation of boiler equipment, melting furnaces, etc.
C1 [Rodin, A. I.; Ermakov, A. A.; Kyashkin, V. M.; Rodina, N. G.; Erofeev, V. T.]
Natl Res Mordovia State Univ, Saransk, Republic Mordov, Russia.
C3 Mordovian State University
RP Rodin, AI (corresponding author), Natl Res Mordovia State Univ, Saransk,
Republic Mordov, Russia.
EM al_rodin@mail.ru; anatoly.ermakov97@mail.ru; kyashkin@mail.ru;
rodina.ng@list.ru; yerofeevvt@mail.ru
OI Rodin, Alexander/0000-0002-8080-9808
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.183
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU ST-PETERSBURG STATE POLYTECHNICAL UNIV
PI ST PETERSBURG
PA POLYTECHNICHESKAYA UL 29, ST PETERSBURG, 195251, RUSSIA
SN 2712-8172
EI 2071-0305
J9 MAG CIV ENG
JI Mag. Civ. Eng.
PY 2022
VL 116
IS 8
AR 11615
DI 10.34910/MCE.116.15
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA C3ZU5
UT WOS:000961343700006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YH
Zhang, LF
Ren, Y
Yang, W
AF Zhang, Yanhui
Zhang, Lifeng
Ren, Ying
Yang, Wen
TI Effect of initial aluminium-oxygen concentration product on
alumina-based inclusions in high carbon Al-killed steels during the
ladle refining process
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminium-oxygen concentration product; high carbon Al-killed steels;
ladle refining process; alumina-based inclusions; evolution;
thermodynamic equilibrium; oversaturation; critical radius of nucleus
ID LIQUID STEEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; NUCLEATION; GROWTH; DEOXIDATION
AB The effect of different aluminium-oxygen concentration products at the start of
deoxidation on the evolution of alumina-based inclusions in high carbon Al-killed
steels during the ladle refining process was investigated. Results showed that the
higher aluminium-oxygen concentration product at the start of deoxidation, the
higher area fraction and the number density of large-sized inclusions before the
slag melting, then clustered alumina-based inclusions gradually became ripening.
Thermodynamic equilibrium results indicated that initial contents of the [O] were
100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm in the molten steel, then contents of the [O] at the
final reaction equilibrium were 4.6, 4.9, 5.8 and 9.5 ppm, respectively. The
relationship between oversaturation and size of Al2O3 inclusions showed that the
larger the critical radius of nucleus, the lower the oversaturation. Meanwhile, the
evolution mechanism of alumina-based inclusions during the LF refining process was
also revealed.
C1 [Zhang, Yanhui; Ren, Ying; Yang, Wen] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
China.
EM zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn; wenyang@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Science Foundation China [51874031, U1860206, 51725402]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation China: [Grant
Number 51874031, U1860206, and 51725402].
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NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD APR 21
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 4
BP 412
EP 419
DI 10.1080/03019233.2021.2009160
EA DEC 2021
PG 8
GA 2A7FF
UT WOS:000729707600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gao, N
Chen, YX
Wang, CY
Guo, YL
Zhang, JY
AF Gao, Ning
Chen, Yaxu
Wang, Chengyu
Guo, Yanling
Zhang, Jieyu
TI Crystallization behavior of
MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics prepared
by directly heat-treating of laterite ore smelting slag
SO JOURNAL OF CERAMIC PROCESSING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag of laterite ore; Droplet phase separation; Crystallization;
Glass-ceramics
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; KINETICS; TEMPERATURE; MIXTURE
AB In this paper, we proposed a novel method to prepare MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (MAS) glass-
ceramics through direct heat treatment with the slag of laterite ore. First, the
Ni-Fe alloy and slag glass were prepared simultaneously by this method, and the
yield rate of Ni-Fe alloy was up to 95.69%. Then, the MAS glass-ceramics can be
obtained by direct heat-treating for the slag glass. The energy consumption of
glass-ceramics production was much lower than that in traditional method to make
full use of the thermal energy of the molten slag. The crystallization behavior of
the glass-ceramics was investigated by XRD, DSC and FESEM. The results demonstrate
that many phase-separated droplets appear in the slag glass. During the heat
treatment, the phase-separated droplets as favorable nucleation sites to inducing
crystallization. The crystallinity and crystallite size of the samples exhibits an
increasing tendency with the increase of heat treatment temperature and time. The
crystalline phases of glass-ceramics were two different compositions magnesium
aluminum silicates (MgAl2Si4O12 and (Mg,Al)SiO3). The activation energies of the
slag glass were calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa method, which were 308.81 and
309.36 kJ.mol(-1), respectively. And the crystallization mechanism of the glass-
ceramics was dominated by both the surface crystallization and bulk crystallization
with one-dimensional growth.
C1 [Gao, Ning; Chen, Yaxu; Wang, Chengyu; Guo, Yanling; Zhang, Jieyu] Shanghai
Univ, State Key Lab Adv Special Steel, Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferromet, Sch Mat Sci &
Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China.
RP Guo, YL (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, State Key Lab Adv Special Steel,
Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferromet, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R
China.
EM yanling_guo@shu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51304131]; Independent
Research and Development Project of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced
Special Steel, Shanghai University [SKLASS 2017-Z051]; Shanghai Science
and Technology Committee [YDZX20173100001316]
China (No. 51304131); The Independent Research and Development Project
of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai
University (No. SKLASS 2017-Z051); and the Shanghai Science and
Technology Committee (No. YDZX20173100001316).
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NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 15
PI SEOUL
SN 1229-9162
J9 J CERAM PROCESS RES
JI J. Ceram. Process. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 22
IS 6
BP 714
EP 721
DI 10.36410/jcpr.2021.22.6.714
PG 8
GA ZS5AO
UT WOS:000768479300016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hayashi, M
Morimoto, K
Yamaguchi, H
Watanabe, T
Kamijo, C
Susa, M
AF Hayashi, Miyuki
Morimoto, Kazuki
Yamaguchi, Hiroki
Watanabe, Takashi
Kamijo, Chikashi
Susa, Masahiro
TI Effects of Sintering Temperature History and Al2O3
Concentration on Formation of Acicular SFCA with Fine Pores
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE iron ore sinter; acicular SFCA; pores; sintering temperature; cooling
rate; Al2O3
ID SOLID-SOLUTION LIMITS; SILICO-FERRITE; ALUMINUM SFCA; IRON-ORE;
PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CALCIUM; CHEMISTRY; PRESSURE
AB The formation of acicular silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) with
fine pores has been investigated from the perspectives of sintering temperature,
cooling rate and Al2O3 concentration. Two types of hematite iron ore, lime stone,
burnt lime and reagent grade Al2O3 powders were mixed so that the
Al(2)O(3 )concentration was 0.8 mass% and 2 mass%. The mixed powders were
uniaxially pressed into a shape of tablet, which was subjected to sintering. Both
samples with low and high Al(2)O(3 )concentrations (LA and HA samples,
respectively) were sintered for 10 min at constant temperatures in the range
between 1215 degrees C and 1325 degrees C, and then cooled down in air. For LA
samples sintered at 1255 degrees C, the effect of cooling rate (5 degrees C/min, 50
degrees C/min and 350 degrees C/min) was also examined. The samples after sintering
were characterized by XRD and EPMA. XRD profiles indicated that only hematite and
acicular SFCA existed above 1240 degrees C for LA sample and above 1230 degrees C
for HA sample. For LA sample, in addition, EMPA indicated:
(i) the acicular SFCA melted above 1305 degrees C, and probably recrystallized
from slag melt during the cooling cycle. The melting temperature increased with
additions of Al2O3.
(ii) the fraction of fine pores except macro pores in the sinter increased with
decreasing sintering temperature and decreasing cooling rate.
Hence, it is concluded that sintering at lower temperatures, more moderate
cooling and higher Al2O3 concentration provide conditions suitable for formation of
acicular SFCA with fine pores.
C1 [Hayashi, Miyuki; Morimoto, Kazuki; Yamaguchi, Hiroki; Watanabe, Takashi; Susa,
Masahiro] Tokyo Inst Technol, Sch Mat & Chem Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Tokyo,
Japan.
[Kamijo, Chikashi] Nippon Steel Corp Ltd, Res & Dev, Tokyo, Japan.
C3 Tokyo Institute of Technology; Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
RP Hayashi, M (corresponding author), Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, 2-12-1
Okayama, Tokyo 1528552, Japan.
EM hayashi.m.ae@m.titech.ac.jp
RI Hayashi, Miyuki/AAW-9891-2020
CR Cai BY, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P642, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-
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9740-5
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
EI 1883-2954
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD JUN
PY 2021
VL 107
IS 6
BP 509
EP 516
DI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2020-072
PG 8
GA SW0XT
UT WOS:000664241400016
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, YH
Ji, ZX
Yang, ZY
Yang, JS
Li, R
Fu, ZD
Liao, N
Li, YW
AF Xu, Yuhang
Ji, Zixu
Yang, Zongyuan
Yang, Jingsheng
Li, Rui
Fu, Zhendong
Liao, Ning
Li, Yawei
TI Densification and comprehensive properties of h-BN-based
refractories with in-situ formation of
Y3Al5O12
LA English
DT Article
DE h-BN-based refractories; Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG); Mechanical
properties; Thermal shock resistance; Oxidation resistance
ID THERMAL-SHOCK RESISTANCE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPOSITE CERAMICS;
BN-ZRO2-SIC COMPOSITES; FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE;
MAS; PERFORMANCE; DEPENDENCE
AB BN-based refractories have been applied successfully in side-dam and nozzle due
to their excellent thermal shock resistance and non-wettability against molten
steel and slag. However, the intrinsic covalent bonds between B and N and the
platelet-structure of BN restrain the densification behavior during high
temperature sintering. In the present work, nano Y2O3 and Al2O3 additives were
introduced and the phase compositions, microstructure, mechanical properties,
thermal shock resistance and oxidation resistance of BN-based refractories were
comparatively investigated. The results showed that Y3Al5O12 (YAG) can be formed
in-situ and it could promote the densification behavior through generating a
transient liquid. Although the presence of sintering additives (up to 35 wt%), h-
BN-based refractories still obtained quasi-isotropic microstructures due to the
limited BN plates growth. h-BN-based refractories with 26.25 wt% YAG and 8.75 wt%
Al2O3 as additives presented the best comprehensive properties, including the
mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance and oxidation resistance. (C) 2021
C1 [Xu, Yuhang; Ji, Zixu; Yang, Zongyuan; Yang, Jingsheng; Li, Rui; Fu, Zhendong;
Liao, Ning; Li, Yawei] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Refractories & Met,
[Fu, Zhendong; Liao, Ning; Li, Yawei] Natl Prov Joint Engn Res Ctr High Temp Mat
& Lini, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
RP Liao, N; Li, YW (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
EM liaoning@wust.edu.cn; liyawei@wust.edu.cn
RI chen, chen/JGD-3057-2023
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51872211]; Special
Project of Central Government for Local Science and Technology
Development of Hubei Province [2019ZYYD003, 2019ZYYD076]
FX This work was supported financially by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 51872211) and the Special Project
of Central Government for Local Science and Technology Development of
Hubei Province (2019ZYYD003, and 2019ZYYD076).
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NR 38
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 41
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD SEP 15
PY 2021
VL 875
AR 160018
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160018
EA MAY 2021
PG 11
GA SM3UX
UT WOS:000657535700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kolbeinsen, L
AF Kolbeinsen, Leiv
TI The beginning and the end of the aluminium value chain
SO MATERIAUX & TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE materials cycle; gross energy requirement; embodied energy; global
aluminium flow; aluminium use; transport sector; waste; circular
materials economy; alumina production
ID SMELTING-REDUCTION; BAUXITES; SLAGS; FLOW
AB Metallic aluminium does not naturally occur in nature, and it was largely
unknown, virtually a mystery, until 200 years ago. The modern aluminium production
using a hydrometallurgical refining process for making alumina followed by
electrolysis of this mineral was first developed in 1886 and, in principle, the
same technology is still used to this day. About 90% of alumina refineries in the
world use the Bayer process for refining Bauxite ore. It is very efficient, but it
can only be used on high quality bauxite with low content of admixtures, especially
silicon. The Bayer process also generates a Bauxite Residue (BR), maybe better
known as Red Mud (RM) which is a thick red-brown, high-basicity paste consisting of
silicon, iron, aluminium, titanium and others. The International Institute of
Aluminium estimates that since 1886 almost a billion tonnes of aluminium were
produced around the world with three fourths of this amount still being in use
today, of which about 35% is located in buildings and structures, 30% in electric
cables and equipment and 30% in transport. Aluminium scrap is collected all over
the world. In the home, it mostly consists of aluminium beverage cans. It is
claimed that 1 ton of recycled empty beverage cans save 8 tons of bauxite, 4 kg of
various fluorides and 14 kWh of electricity1. Additionally, recycling aluminium
significantly reduces the negative environmental impact of ever-expanding RM
landfills. As the idea of environmental responsibility is gaining more and more
traction, separate household scrap recycling is becoming more and more popular
around the world. How challenges related to such activity can be met will be the
main topic of this paper alongside discussing new developments for alumina
production without RM generation.
C1 [Kolbeinsen, Leiv] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.
RP Kolbeinsen, L (corresponding author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU,
Trondheim, Norway.
EM leiv.kolbeinsen@ntnu.no
RI Kolbeinsen, Leiv/AEA-9179-2022
FU SFI Metal Production (Centre for Research-based Innovation) [237738]
FX This publication has been funded by the SFI Metal Production (Centre for
Research-based Innovation, 237738). Comments and corrections from
Associate Professor Kristian Etienne Einarsrud, NTNU, are much
appreciated.
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NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 17
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 0032-6895
EI 1778-3771
J9 MATER TECHNIQUE-FR
JI Mater. Tech.
PD APR 26
PY 2021
VL 108
IS 5-6
AR 506
DI 10.1051/mattech/2021008
PG 22
GA RS8ZV
UT WOS:000644061900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Okumoto, K
Kato, K
Ono, H
Higuchi, Y
AF Okumoto, Katsuyoshi
Kato, Kengo
Ono, Hideki
Higuchi, Yoshihiko
TI Thermodynamic Conditions of MgO and MgO•Al2O3
Formation and Variation of Inclusions Formed in Fe-17mass%Cr Steel at 1
873 K
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusion; slag; MgO inclusion; spinel inclusion; CaO-MgO-Al2O3
inclusion; alumina inclusion; stainless steel; deoxidation
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; SPINEL INCLUSIONS; FE-NI; CALCIUM; SLAG;
MAGNESIUM; 304-STAINLESS-STEEL; SOLUBILITY; OXYGEN
AB Demands for cleanliness of high chromium steel have been increasing. In steel
refining process, aluminum is usually added in molten steel as a deoxidizing agent.
As a result, such inclusions as alumina (Al2O3) and spinel (MgO center dot Al2O3)
are formed, which cause fatigue failures and surface defects. Therefore, it is
important to understand the conditions of the inclusions which form in high
chromium steel, and to reduce their harmful effects on steel qualities. In this
work, to begin with, thermodynamic conditions of MgO and MgO center dot Al2O3
formation in Fe-17mass%Cr molten steel at 1 873 K were investigated. The results
showed that MgO is more stable in high chromium steel than in plain steel. The
boundary of the stable condition of MgO and MgO center dot Al2O3 shifts toward
higher Al and lower Mg contents in high Cr steel. This cause is judged to be the
effect of thermodynamic interaction between Cr and Mg. The interaction parameter of
Cr on Mg was estimated to be 0.040 so that the boundary of stable condition of MgO
and MgO center dot Al2O3 can be explained. Moreover, phase stability diagram of Fe-
Cr-Al-Ca-Mg-O system at 1 873 K was developed to estimate the effect of chromium on
the stable condition of MgO, MgO.Al2O3 and CaO-MgO-Al2O3(1). Subsequently, the
variations of inclusions which formed in Fe-17mass%Cr molten steel were also
investigated at 1 873 K. The variations of inclusions in molten Fe-Cr steel were
reasonably explained by considering the stable conditions of MgO and MgO center dot
Al2O3 investigated in this work.
C1 [Okumoto, Katsuyoshi] Univ Toyama, Grad Sch Sci & Engn Educ, Toyama, Toyama,
Japan.
[Okumoto, Katsuyoshi] Daido Steel Co Ltd, Motohamamachi 39, Tokai, Aichi, Japan.
[Kato, Kengo] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
[Ono, Hideki] Univ Toyama, Acad Assembly, Fac Sustainable Design, Gofuku 3190,
Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
[Higuchi, Yoshihiko] Coll Ind Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Nishikoya 1-27-1,
Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan.
C3 University of Toyama; Daido Steel Co Ltd; Osaka University; University
of Toyama
RP Ono, H (corresponding author), Univ Toyama, Acad Assembly, Fac Sustainable
Design, Gofuku 3190, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
EM ono@sus.u-toyama.ac.jp
RI Higuchi, Yoshihiko/AIA-4607-2022
OI Higuchi, Yoshihiko/0000-0002-5153-7823
FU Iron and Steel Institute of Japan
FX This study was carried out with the support and advice of the Iron and
Steel Institute of Japan, "Clean Cr steel production by slag, inclusion
control" research group. We would like to express our deepest gratitude
to the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan and its study group. We would
also like to thank Dr. Hisashi Yamana, Mr. Ynd Mr.Takahiro Onoe of
Nippon Koshuha Steel CO., LTD. for their help of chemical analysis and
helpful discussion, and Prof. Yoshinao Kobayashi of Tokyo Institute of
Technology for his help in conducting this work.
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NR 26
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2021
VL 61
IS 9
SI S
BP 2370
EP 2380
PG 11
GA WI8AU
UT WOS:000708579000008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, X
Chen, M
Zheng, XR
AF Shen, Xiang
Chen, Min
Zheng, Xiaorui
TI Migration Behavior of Components in Converter Slag during Smelting
Reduction Process Using Aluminum Dross
LA English
DT Article
DE molten converter slag; aluminum dross; component migration; reduction
kinetic
ID FEO; KINETICS; STEEL; GRAPHITE; VALUES; CR2O3
AB In order to efficiently recycle valuable element from the molten converter slag
and enhance utilization ratio and added value of the slag, a novel aluminothermic
smelting reduction process using aluminum dross as reductant was investigated from
component migration and reduction kinetics, meanwhile the reduction mechanism of
smelting reduction process of molten converter slag using aluminum dross was
discussed. The results showed that the reduction of FeO firstly occurred with the
Al/(FeO+MnO+P2O5) mass ratio <= 0.27, and MnO began to be reduced with the ratio
increasing to 0.33. Further increasing the ratio to 0.40, P2O5 could be reduced
from the molten slag. Moreover, the contents of FeO, MnO and P2O5 in molten slag
decreased sharply within the first 4 min, 6 min, and 6 min respectively and
stabilized thereafter, and the Al2O3 content was increased dramatically over the
first 6 min and followed by a continuity increase. Recovery of metal was increased
to a maximum of 99.32% with the mass ratio increasing, and the crude alloy content
containing Fe, Mn, and P was up to 93.31%, 1.98%, and 4.72%, respectively.
C1 [Shen, Xiang; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Ministy Educ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimetall Ores, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Xiang; Chen, Min; Zheng, Xiaorui] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Ministy Educ, Key Lab Ecol
Met Multimetall Ores, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Chen, M
(corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang
51774072, 51774073]; National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0304201,
2017YFB0304203]
Foundation of China (No. 51574065, 51574066, 51774072, 51774073) and the
National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFB0304201, 2017YFB0304203) which
have made this research possible.
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NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 11
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2021
VL 61
IS 1
BP 49
EP 54
PG 6
GA QY5PC
UT WOS:000630090800006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Oti, J
Kinuthia, J
Adeleke, B
AF Oti, Jonathan
Kinuthia, John
Adeleke, Blessing
TI The Strength Characterisation of Concrete Made with Alumina Waste Filler
SO SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE sustainable concrete; industrial by-products; durability; mechanical
strength; permeability; isothermal calorimetry
ID HYDRATION; HEAT
AB This study covers an in-depth investigation into the properties and practicality
of the utilization of up to 40% Alumina Waste Filler (AWF) as a partial Portland
Cement (PC) replacement material. AWF is a by-product from the recycling of
aluminium, produced when salt slag is smelted and cleaned. Its use in concrete will
lessen the landfill requirements for AWF disposal, and reduce the strain of the
growing requirements and cost of PC. The results obtained from this study showed
that the addition of AWF to the concrete mix caused a reduction in the compressive
and tensile splitting strength values, and a less-workable concrete was achieved
for every increase in the quantity of AWF added to each mix. The addition of AWF
influenced the hydration reaction process and reduced the cumulative production of
the heat of hydration over time, whilst the permeability of the concrete decreased.
C1 [Oti, Jonathan; Kinuthia, John; Adeleke, Blessing] Univ South Wales, Fac Comp,
Sch Engn, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, M Glam, Wales.
C3 University of South Wales
RP Oti, J (corresponding author), Univ South Wales, Fac Comp, Sch Engn, Pontypridd
CF37 1DL, M Glam, Wales.
EM Jonathan.oti@southwales.ac.uk; john.kinuthia@southwales.ac.uk;
blessing.adeleke@southwales.ac.uk
RI Adeleke, Blessing Oluwaseun/GQP-7420-2022; Oti, Jonathan E/J-9904-2013;
Kinuthia, John/O-4345-2019
OI Adeleke, Blessing Oluwaseun/0000-0002-6702-4811; Oti, Jonathan
E/0000-0002-5968-5089; Kinuthia, John/0000-0002-3273-846X
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COUNC SUST
Zongjin L., 2011, ADV CONCRETE TECHNOL
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2071-1050
J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL
JI Sustainability
PD DEC
PY 2020
VL 12
IS 24
AR 10235
DI 10.3390/su122410235
PG 14
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Studies
WE Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Social Science Citation Index
(SSCI)
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA PL7IX
UT WOS:000603291800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, H
Ma, ZH
Huang, JC
Zhang, JD
Yan, GQ
Wang, LJ
AF Liu, Hai
Ma, Zhao-Hui
Huang, Jing-Cun
Zhang, Jian-Dong
Yan, Guo-Qing
Wang, Li-Jun
TI Preparation of Al-Hf master alloy by aluminothermic reduction of
HfO2
SO RARE METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al-Hf master alloy; Aluminothermic reduction; Hafnium oxide; Slag-alloy
separation
ID CAST-ALUMINUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; ZR; SOLIDIFICATION;
PERFORMANCE; ADDITIONS; MECHANISM
AB The Al-Hf alloy was prepared by open aluminothermic reduction of HfO2 using CaF2
and NaF as the flux. The influence of the slag composition, the amount of aluminum,
and the heat energizer was studied detailly to establish optimum conditions for the
sufficient recovery of the alloy and the complete slag-alloy separation. The Al- Hf
alloy with 40 wt% Hf was obtained by this method, and the maximum recovery was
70.7%. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscope
(SEM). Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and energy-disperse spectrometry
(EDS) were applied to characterize the formation of the phases. The results show
that the alloy consists of Al and Al3Hf phases and the oxygen content is about 0.2
wt%.
C1 [Ma, Zhao-Hui; Huang, Jing-Cun; Zhang, Jian-Dong; Yan, Guo-Qing; Wang, Li-Jun]
GRIMAT Engn Inst Co Ltd, GRINM Grp Corp Ltd, Div Rare Met Met & Mat, Beijing
RP Wang, LJ (corresponding author), GRIMAT Engn Inst Co Ltd, GRINM Grp Corp Ltd,
Div Rare Met Met & Mat, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China.
EM gold@grinm.com
OI Ma, Zhaohui/0000-0002-5721-0573; Wang, Lijun/0000-0001-6823-600X
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFB0305400]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and
Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0305400).
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NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 22
PU NONFERROUS METALS SOC CHINA
PI BEIJING
PA 12B FUXIN RD, BEIJING 100814, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-0521
EI 1867-7185
J9 RARE METALS
JI Rare Metals
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 40
IS 12
BP 3645
EP 3650
DI 10.1007/s12598-020-01572-5
EA SEP 2020
PG 6
Engineering
GA UD5GU
UT WOS:000566885100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Robayo-Salazar, R
Portocarrero-Hermann, J
Díaz-Padrón, U
Patiño-Castrillón, O
AF Robayo-Salazar, Rafael
Portocarrero-Hermann, Julian
Diaz-Padron, Ubaldo
Patino-Castrillon, Oscar
TI Polymeric Ablative Composite Materials and their Application in the
Manufacture of Aerospace Propulsion Components
SO REVISTA FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA, UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGOGICA Y TECNOLOGICA DE
COLOMBIA
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE ablative materials; composite materials; propulsion components; rocket
engine; rocket nozzle; thermal protection systems
ID THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS
AB The development of thermal protection systems and high-temperature composite
materials for the manufacture of low-weight propulsion components represents a
major challenge for the aerospace industry, especially in the field of rocketry.
The rocket combustion chamber and nozzles must be designed to withstand operating
temperatures above 1600-2000 degrees C in a severe ablative environment. This
research focuses on obtaining a characterization of ablative composite materials
based on a polyester resin matrix (30%) reinforced with particulate materials
(fillers) (67%) and short glass fibers (3%), highlighting that the fillers
correspond to industrial waste or by-products such as steel slag, aluminum slag,
foundry slag and ceramic waste. The composites were physically and mechanically
characterized and subjected to an ablative direct flame test (similar to 1600-2000
degrees C, 120 seconds), reporting thermal insulation levels between 72.6-92.9%,
with maximum temperatures on the opposite side of the flame between 141.6-548.8
degrees C, and post-ablative weight losses of between 8.5-13.2%. Based on the
obtained results, the optimal composites were selected and their application was
validated in the manufacture of rocket-type nozzle propulsion components, which
were subjected to a real static combustion test, using a solid propellant Candy
KNSu type (65 % KNO3-35% Sucrose). The results proved the possibility of obtaining
ablative composites and thermal protection systems from available materials and
high contents of industrial by-products. These applications are considered
important to develop the Colombian aerospace field in the construction of sounding
rockets for scientific, technological, and military purposes.
C1 [Robayo-Salazar, Rafael; Portocarrero-Hermann, Julian; Diaz-Padron, Ubaldo;
Patino-Castrillon, Oscar] Fuerza Aerea Colombiana, Escuela Mil Aviac, Cali Valle
Del Cauca, Colombia.
RP Robayo-Salazar, R (corresponding author), Fuerza Aerea Colombiana, Escuela Mil
Aviac, Cali Valle Del Cauca, Colombia.
EM rafael.robayo@emavi.edu.co; julian.portocarrero@emavi.edu.co;
92uadiazp@emavirtual.edu.co; 92oepatinoc@emavirtual.edu.co
RI Salazar, Rafael Andres Robayo/ABA-6733-2020
OI Salazar, Rafael Andres Robayo/0000-0003-1687-2885
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NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 19
PU UNIV PEDAGOGICA & TECNOLOGICA COLOMBIA
PI TUNJA
PA AVE CENTRAL NORTE, KM 3 VIA PAIPA, TUNJA, BOYACA 00000, COLOMBIA
SN 0121-1129
EI 2357-5328
J9 REV FAC ING-UPTC
JI Rev. Fac. Ing. Univ. Pedagog. Tecnol. Colmb.
PD MAY 27
PY 2020
VL 29
IS 54
AR e10662
DI 10.19053/01211129.v29.n54.2020.10662
PG 21
SC Engineering
GA LR5FX
UT WOS:000535721700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU de la Barraza, C
Castillejos, H
Rodríguez, S
Ortega, F
AF Barraza de la P, Claudia
Castillejos E., Humberto
Rodriguez A., Sergio
Ortega C., Felix
TI Analysis of the Kinetics of Devitrification and Crystallization of a
Melilite Mold Powder Slag for Medium Carbon Steel Billet Casting
LA English
DT Article
ID HEAT-TRANSFER; FLUX; BEHAVIOR; NUCLEATION; GLASS; POLYPROPYLENE;
PERFORMANCE; VISCOSITY; FLOW
AB High-speed continuous casting of steel billets entails considerable turbulence
in the liquid core, which results in significant slag entrapment unless high
viscosity slags are used. It has been suggested that such slags remain glassy or
crystallize slightly under the prevailing mold cooling, temperature and residence
time conditions. Slags whose composition lead to formation of melilite minerals
(i.e., to formation of calcium sodium magnesium aluminum iron disilicates), as the
main crystalline phase, possess viscosities > 0.5 Pa/s at 1573 K (1300 degrees C),
are low or do not contain F, and incorporate transition metal oxides (e.g., FeO,
MnO and TiO) to absorb infrared radiation and soften steel shell-to-mold heat
transfer. In this work, a commercial melilite mold powder, for casting medium
carbon steels round billets, is selected to carry out detailed analysis of the
kinetics of precipitation of crystalline phases from glassy-devitrification-and
super-cooled liquid slags-crystallization-under non-isothermal and isothermal
conditions. High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy is used in both
cases and differential scanning calorimetry just in non-isothermal ones. Assessment
of amorphous and crystalline phases in treated samples is done by quantitative X-
ray powder diffraction analysis. It is found that even after prolonged treatment
(>> 36,000 seconds) at 1248 K (975 degrees C) approximately 13 wt pct of the slag
remains amorphous. Additionally, the results indicate that nucleation of
crystalline phases in super-cooled liquid and glassy slags occurs on the surface.
Thus, it is found that crystallization kinetics is strongly influenced by the
topography of the surface with which the super-cooled liquid is in contact, as well
as, by shearing actions imposed on the liquid slag surface, which contribute by
developing nucleation sites. Devitrification tends to be stronger on surfaces
contacting foreign walls and over cracks. Moreover, it is found that predictions of
the kinetic model, developed for estimating time-temperature-transformation
diagrams from non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry data, portray
reasonably well experimental results of crystallization, as well as devitrification
of consolidated samples.
C1 [Barraza de la P, Claudia; Castillejos E., Humberto; Rodriguez A., Sergio;
Ortega C., Felix] CINVESTAV, Dept Met Engn, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Lab
Proc Met,Unidad Saltillo, Av Ind Met 1062,Parque Ind Saltillo Ramos Arizpe, Ramos
Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico.
C3 CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del
Instituto Politecnico Nacional
RP Castillejos, H (corresponding author), CINVESTAV, Dept Met Engn, Ctr Invest &
Estudios Avanzados, Lab Proc Met,Unidad Saltillo, Av Ind Met 1062,Parque Ind
Saltillo Ramos Arizpe, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico.
EM humberto.castillejos@cinvestav.edu.mx
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NR 73
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD APR
PY 2020
VL 51
IS 2
BP 732
EP 755
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01761-3
PG 24
Engineering
GA KS7QY
UT WOS:000518502400029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Kumar, CM
Kumar, NR
Thenarasu, M
AF Kumar, Manoj Ch
Kumar, Rajendra N.
Thenarasu, M.
TI Study on Mechanical Properties of LM 6 Aluminium Alloy Reinforced With
Ground Granulated Blast Slag (GGBS) Particles
SO MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
LA English
Applications (IConAMMA)
CY AUG 16-18, 2018
CL Bengaluru, INDIA
DE Stir castings; Matrix material; Hardness; Tensile quality and Impact
energy
AB Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag particles of size 20-50 mu m were
incorporated in LM 6 aluminium alloy by using stir casting method. The weight
percentage of GGBS particles is varied by 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5 %. Presence of GGBS
particles can be observed in matrix material by SEM and EDX analysis. The hardness
of the composites increased by 35.8 % for 3.5 wt.% GGBS particles when compared
with base LM 6 alloy. The tensile strength of the composites increased by 63.6 %
for 3.5 wt.% composite when equated to the unreinforced alloy. Impact energy is and
Percentage of elongation decreased as increasing in wt. % of GGBS. (C) 2018
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kumar, Manoj Ch; Kumar, Rajendra N.; Thenarasu, M.] Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham,
Dept Mech Engn, Amrita Sch Engn, Coimbatore 641112, Tamil Nadu, India.
C3 Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham; Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore
RP Thenarasu, M (corresponding author), Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Dept Mech Engn,
Amrita Sch Engn, Coimbatore 641112, Tamil Nadu, India.
OI M, Thenarasu/0000-0001-6759-6417
CR Aigbodion Victor Sunday, 2012, Usak University Journal of Material Sciences, V1,
P187
[Anonymous], 2013, INT J CONTEMP SOCIOL
Apasi A., 2016, J SCI TECHNOL, V36, P34
Atuanya CU, 2012, RESULTS PHYS, V2, P142, DOI 10.1016/j.rinp.2012.09.003
Dinesh J., 2006, ARPN J ENG APPL SCI, P6001
Hassan AM, 2009, TRIBOL INT, V42, P1230, DOI 10.1016/j.triboint.2009.04.030
Hassan S. B., 2015, Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences, V27,
P49, DOI 10.1016/j.jksues.2013.03.001
Janamatti S. V., 2017, J ENG TECHNOLOGY IRJ
Lawrence I. D., 2015, CHARACTERIZATION ALU
May M, 2010, INT J ADHES ADHES, V30, P505, DOI 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2010.05.002
Oghenevweta J. E., 2016, Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences,
V28, P222, DOI 10.1016/j.jksues.2014.03.009
Pa V., 2013, IJCET, P215
Prasad N, 2013, INT RES J PURE APPL, V3, P59, DOI DOI 10.9734/IRJPAC/2013/2906
Prasat SV, 2011, TRIBOL-MATER SURF IN, V5, P72, DOI
10.1179/1751584X11Y.0000000009
Senapati A. K., 2015, EXPT INVESTIGATION T, V3, P13
Shanmugasundaram A, 2017, METALL RES TECHNOL, V114, DOI 10.1051/metal/2017053
Singh G., 2014, AL2O3 C PARTICLES SQ, V3, P1
Subbaiah P. K. V., 2017, STUDY MECH MECH PROP, V8, P597
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
JI Mater. Today-Proc.
PY 2020
VL 24
BP 904
EP 911
PN 2
PG 8
GA OF3NJ
UT WOS:000581118700082
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YW
You, J
Wang, AG
Peng, JP
Di, YZ
AF Wang, Y-W
You, J.
Wang, A-G
Peng, J-P
Di, Y-Z
TI PRODUCTION OF MG-LI ALLOYS BY ALUMINOTHERMIC VACUUM REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Mg-Li alloy; Vacuum aluminothermic reduction; Magnesite; Lithium
carbonate; Li2O center dot 5Al(2)O(3)
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNESIUM; LITHIUM; IONS
AB Mg-Li alloys are the lightest metallic construction materials and one of the
most representative light alloys. The process of producing Mg-Li alloys by vacuum
aluminothermic reduction, using magnesite and lithium carbonate as raw materials,
was studied. The influence of reduction parameters on the extents of reduction of
MgO and Li2O was investigated. The results show that Mg-Li alloys can be produced
by vacuum aluminothermic reduction using calcined magnesite and lithium carbonate.
MgO was relatively easier to reduce by aluminum than Li2O. Almost all MgO was
reduced to Mg and more than 96% of Li2O was reduced to Li. The main phase in the
reduction slag was Li2O center dot 5Al(2)O(3). The reaction mechanism was
discussed. Vacuum aluminothermic reduction can be considered as a highly efficient
and environmental friendly method for producing Mg-Li alloys.
C1 [Wang, Y-W; Wang, A-G; Peng, J-P; Di, Y-Z] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang,
[You, J.] Liaoning Inst Sci & Technol, Benxi, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Wang, A-G] Shenyang Res Inst Foundry Co LTD, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R
China.
C3 Northeastern University - China; Liaoning Institute of Science &
Technology
RP You, J (corresponding author), Liaoning Inst Sci & Technol, Benxi, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
EM youjiyun_ok@163.com
RI PENG, Jian-ping/AAG-2146-2021
OI Peng, Jianping/0000-0003-0720-2257
of China (51704150 and 51674076) and the Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities (N162502002) for the financial support.
CR Cao P, 2013, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V23, P861, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(13)62540-6
Chang TC, 2006, MATER LETT, V60, P3272, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2006.03.052
Cheng CW, 2011, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V239-242, P1326, DOI
Elagin VI, 2013, MET SCI HEAT TREAT+, V55, P184, DOI 10.1007/s11041-013-9603-y
Fu DX, 2014, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V24, P2677, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(14)63398-7
Mikuszewski T, 2014, METALURGIJA, V53, P588
Ryu HY, 2014, J CHEM ENG JPN, V47, P750, DOI 10.1252/jcej.13we325
Sun Y, 2013, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V26, P455, DOI 10.1007/s40195-012-0253-7
Wu R, 2015, INT MATER REV, V60, P65, DOI 10.1179/1743280414Y.0000000044
Xue Y, 2012, J RARE EARTH, V30, P1048, DOI 10.1016/S1002-0721(12)60177-X
Zhang M. J, 2005, LIGHT MET, P39
Zhang ML, 2013, J SOLID STATE ELECTR, V17, P2671, DOI 10.1007/s10008-013-2146-8
Zhang X, 2016, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V45, P127
Zheng XF, 2014, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V43, P2079
Zou Y, 2016, J ALLOY COMPD, V669, P72, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.174
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 16
PI BOR
SN 1450-5339
J9 J MIN METALL B
PY 2020
VL 56
IS 1
BP 43
EP 49
DI 10.2298/JMMB190419053W
PG 7
GA KM8YR
UT WOS:000514428600005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zaitsev, AI
Koldaev, AV
Stepanov, AB
Amezhnov, AV
Dunaev, SF
AF Zaitsev, A. I.
Koldaev, A. V.
Stepanov, A. B.
Amezhnov, A. V.
Dunaev, S. F.
TI Investigation of the Conditions of Formation of Aluminum-Magnesium
Spinel Inclusions in Low-Carbon Automotive Sheet Steels of 08Yu type and
Ultralow-Carbon Automotive Sheet Steels of the if and IF-HS Types
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE 08Yu-type low-carbon steel; ultralow-carbon steel of the IF and IF-HS
types; corrosion-active nonmetallic inclusions; magnesium oxide;
reduction; aluminum; aluminum-magnesium spinel; sulfide component
AB We study the regularities of reduction of MgO from the lining and surface slag
accompanied by the formation of adverse corrosion-active nonmetallic inclusions
(CANI) based on aluminum-magnesium spinel in the course of treatment of the melts
of 08Yu-type low-carbon steel and ultralow-carbon steels of the IF and IF-HS types
with ten different compositions. It is shown that the amount of formed CANI
regularly increases with the aluminum content of steel up to 0.05-0.06 wt.% and the
MgO content of slag, especially over 12-14 wt.%. We proposed some efficient
techniques aimed at guaranteeing the required purity of steel (from the viewpoint
of these inclusions). For the first time, it is shown that the deposition of
titanium sulfide and carbosulfide on the surfaces of aluminum-magnesium spinel
inclusions increases their corrosive activity.
C1 [Zaitsev, A. I.; Koldaev, A. V.; Stepanov, A. B.; Amezhnov, A. V.] IP Bardin
Cent Sci Res Inst Ferrous Met, Moscow, Russia.
[Zaitsev, A. I.; Dunaev, S. F.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Moscow, Russia.
C3 Lomonosov Moscow State University
RP Zaitsev, AI (corresponding author), IP Bardin Cent Sci Res Inst Ferrous Met,
Moscow, Russia.; Zaitsev, AI (corresponding author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State
Univ, Moscow, Russia.
EM aizaitsev1@yandex.ru; koldaevanton@gmail.com; alxstp07@gmail.com;
amejnov@mail.ru; dunaev@general.chem.msu.ru
RI Amezhnov, Andrey/AAQ-3303-2021; Zaitsev, Alexander I./G-6170-2017;
Koldaev, Anton V./G-5604-2017; Amezhnov, Andrey/F-3672-2017
OI Amezhnov, Andrey/0000-0002-1693-8760; Zaitsev, Alexander
I./0000-0001-8370-5556; Koldaev, Anton V./0000-0003-3284-6062; Amezhnov,
Andrey/0000-0002-1693-8760
FU [075-11-2018-170]; [RFMEFI62418X0050]
FX The present work was carried out within the framework of the Agreement
on the Provision of Subsidy of 26.11.2018, No. 075-11-2018-170. The
unique identification number of the Agreement (Project) is
RFMEFI62418X0050.
CR Baklanova O. N., 2012, CONT APPROACHES IMPR
Rodionova I. G., 2010, PROBL CHERN METALLUR, P45
Shakhpazov E. H., 2007, METALL, V1, P3
Shakhpazov E.Kh., 2011, ELEKTROMETALLURGIYA, P2
Shaposhnikov N. G., 2004, MATERIALOVEDENIE, P2
Sidorov L. N., 1985, MASS SPECTRAL THERMO
Zaitsev AI, 2015, METALLURGIST+, V59, P684, DOI 10.1007/s11015-015-0159-5
Zaitsev A. I., 2011, METALLURG, P50
Zaitsev AI, 1997, J CHEM SOC FARADAY T, V93, P3089, DOI 10.1039/a700511c
ZAITSEV AI, 1989, HIGH TEMP SCI, V28, P341
ZAITSEV AI, 2008, PHYS CHEM METALLURGI
Zaitsev AI, 2017, PURE APPL CHEM, V89, P1553, DOI 10.1515/pac-2016-1129
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD NOV
PY 2019
VL 63
IS 7-8
BP 841
EP 848
DI 10.1007/s11015-019-00898-5
EA NOV 2019
PG 8
GA NM5EH
UT WOS:000499569100002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Longinov, AM
Tinyakov, VV
Neklyudov, IV
Morozov, VV
Kornev, YL
Agarkov, AY
AF Longinov, A. M.
Tinyakov, V. V.
Neklyudov, I., V
Morozov, V. V.
Kornev, Yu L.
Agarkov, A. Yu
TI Development of Manufacturing Technology for a Continuously-Cast Wheel
Billet with a Controlled Aluminum Content
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE continuously cast billet; wheel steel; aluminum deoxidation; furnace
ladle unit; degassing; non-metallic inclusions; ultrasonic monitoring
AB The quality of railway wheels significantly affects the economy and security of
railway transportation. In order to improve the properties of railway wheels steel
is used currently with a controlled aluminum content. A feature of this steel is
the increased risk of forming large alumina non-metallic inclusions. Nonmetallic
inclusions in the defective and defect-free zones of a rejected wheel are studied.
The causes of defect formation and a new comprehensive technology of smelting are
determined, and ladle treatment and continuous casting of steel are developed,
which provide avoidance of forming these defects.The main essence of the technology
is the diffusion deoxidation of metal with slag of optimum composition, control of
aluminum content during ladle treatment, and use of aluminum exclusively for steel
alloying.
C1 [Longinov, A. M.; Tinyakov, V. V.] FGUP IP Bardin TsNIIchermet, Moscow, Russia.
[Neklyudov, I., V; Morozov, V. V.; Kornev, Yu L.; Agarkov, A. Yu] AO Volga Pipe
Plant, Volzhskii, Volgograd Regio, Russia.
RP Longinov, AM (corresponding author), FGUP IP Bardin TsNIIchermet, Moscow,
Russia.
EM Longinov@corad.ru; tvv@corad.ru; NekludovIV@vtz.ru; moruzovVV@vtz.ru;
kornevul@vtz.ru; agarkovAU@vtz.ru
CR Kazakov A. A., 2014, TSVET MET CHERN MET, P79
Longinov A. M., 2017, ROBL CHERN MET MATER, P34
Ushenin E., 2003, GUDOK
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD SEP
PY 2019
VL 63
IS 5-6
BP 469
EP 476
DI 10.1007/s11015-019-00847-2
EA OCT 2019
PG 8
GA JR5OK
UT WOS:000491425800004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Farhani, M
Hils, G
Spitzer, KH
AF Farhani, Mahdi
Hils, Gereon
Spitzer, Karl-Heinz
TI Correlation of Oxygen and Aluminum Contents of Molten Titanium-Aluminum
Alloys in Alumina and Calcia Crucibles
LA English
DT Article
ID TI; THERMODYNAMICS; REDUCTION; LIQUID
AB As a key part of investigating a new proposed Ti-alloy production process, Ti-Al
alloys were produced by aluminothermic reduction experiments at 1973 K in Al2O3
crucibles. Besides, pure Ti and Al were melted inside CaO crucibles at 1973 K to
investigate the possibility of melt refining in equilibrium with CaO. The
experiments were carried out in a vacuum induction furnace under argon gas at
atmospheric pressure. The experimental results were proved by thermodynamic
evaluations including also literature data. The correlation of oxygen and aluminum
in Ti melt with 11 to 23 wt pct Al in contact with Al2O3 was assessed as 3 lnXO 1/4
2 lnXAl 9: 1 0: 4: This correlation in Ti melt with 3 to 10 wt pct Al in contact
with CaO was 3 lnXO 1/4 2 lnXAl 14: 9 0: 3: Partial molar excess Gibbs free
energies of mixing and combinations thereof in Ti-rich Ti-Al-O-Ca melt were
assessed as RTlnoc2 Al c3 O thorn 1/4 894 6 okJ= molthorn, RT lnocCa cOthorn 1/4
195 4 okJ= molthorn, RT ln cO 1/4 258 6 okJ= molthorn, RTln cCa 1/4 62 7 okJ=
molthorn: The activity of Al2O3 in CaO-saturated slag was assessed as 0.003 +/-
0.001. The changes of Gibbs free energy for the dissolution of 1 wt pct oxygen and
1 wt pct calcium in Ti-Al melt were estimated as 630 +/- 6 and 11 +/- 7 (kJ/mol),
respectively. A model was developed and applied to calculate the basic data for
refining Ti-Al alloy.
C1 [Farhani, Mahdi; Hils, Gereon; Spitzer, Karl-Heinz] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst
Met, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
C3 TU Clausthal
RP Farhani, M (corresponding author), Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Met, D-38678
Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
EM mahdi.farhani@brose.com
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) within the research group 1372
[SP492/5-1]
FX The support of the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the research
group 1372 (Grant No. SP492/5-1) is appreciated.
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800054-0.00004-6]
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NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2019
VL 50
IS 3
BP 1193
EP 1203
DI 10.1007/s11663-019-01554-8
PG 11
Engineering
GA HX5XU
UT WOS:000467478700010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kalisz, D
Kuglin, K
AF Kalisz, D.
Kuglin, K.
TI The Influence of Adsorbed Al2O3 Inclusions on the
Viscosity Behavior of Mould Slag
SO ARCHIVES OF FOUNDRY ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Mould flux; Viscosity; Non-metallic inclusion Al2O3
ID DISSOLUTION; RATIO
AB The role of slag in the process of continuous casting of steel (CCS) is reduced
to the thermal and chemical insulation of the liquid steel surface, and
additionally to refining. The ability to adsorb non-metallic inclusions flowing off
from the crystallizer, mainly Al2O3, determines its physicochemical propel ties. As
a result of adsorption and dissolution of inclusions tin he liquid layer the
viscosity and thickness of mould flux change, which eventually affects the
technological parameters and behavior of slag in the crystallizer. The influence of
aluminum oxide on the viscosity of slag was empirically investigated with a
structural viscosity model worked out by Nakamoto. The results of the simulation
are presented in the form of plots. Authors observed a significant influence of
Al2O3 on the slag viscosity, which suggests that this effect should be taken into
account when selecting chemical composition of mould flux for definite types of
steel. The results of calculations also show that the disturbances in casting
caused by the use of the mould slag may be connected with the content of non-
metallic inclusions in steel.
C1 [Kalisz, D.; Kuglin, K.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Foundry Engn, Dept Moulding
Mat Mould Technol & Casting Nonferr, Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
RP Kalisz, D (corresponding author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Foundry Engn, Dept
Moulding Mat Mould Technol & Casting Nonferr, Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow,
Poland.
EM dak@agh.edu.pl; antuanette910@interia.pl
OI Kalisz, Dorota/0000-0002-0776-9037
CR BULKO B, 2018, METALS-BASEL, V8, DOI DOI 10.3390/met8110944
Hibbeler LC, 2013, AISTECH, P1215
Kalisz D, 2014, ARCH METALL MATER, V59, P149, DOI 10.2478/amm-2014-0024
Kalisz D, 2013, ARCH METALL MATER, V58, P35, DOI 10.2478/v10172-012-0147-8
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2012.04.009
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Reis Silva D, 2010, 65 C ANN ABM INT AT
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES
PI WARSZAWA
PA PL DEFILAD 1, WARSZAWA, 00-901, POLAND
SN 1897-3310
EI 2299-2944
J9 ARCH FOUNDRY ENG
JI ARCH. FOUNDRY ENG.
PY 2019
VL 19
IS 2
BP 67
EP 74
DI 10.24425/afe.2019.127118
PG 8
GA IA2SD
UT WOS:000469410900012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Keskinkilic, E
Pournaderi, S
Geveci, A
Topkaya, YA
AF Keskinkilic, Ender
Pournaderi, Saeid
Geveci, Ahmet
Topkaya, Yavuz A.
BE Jiang, T
Hwang, JY
Gregurek, D
Peng, Z
Downey, JP
Zhao, B
Yucel, O
Keskinkilic, E
Padilla, R
TI Smelting Studies for Recovery of Iron from Red Mud
SO 10TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE METALLURGICAL
PROCESSING
LA English
CT 10th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical
Processing
CY 2019
CL San Antonio, TX
DE Red mud; Pyrometallurgy; Smelting; Iron
ID MOLTEN PIG-IRON; DESULFURIZATION; DEPHOSPHORIZATION; RESOURCE; KINETICS;
SLAGS
AB Red mud can be regarded as a by-product of aluminium extraction process since it
contains a significant amount of iron and some valuable elements. Therefore, the
treatment of red mud has been a hot topic for some decades. The authors have
recently started a laboratory-scale project dealing with stepwise recovery of
valuable elements from red mud of Seydisehir Aluminum Plant, Turkey. The first step
is related to recovery of iron and pyrometallurgical methods (smelting and solid-
state reduction) will be performed. Nonferrous metals will then be selectively
leached in the second step. In the extent of the present work, a literature review
relevant to the smelting studies for recovery of iron from red mud was presented.
C1 [Keskinkilic, Ender] Atilim Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-06830 Ankara, Turkey.
[Pournaderi, Saeid] Ibrahim Cecen Univ Agri, TR-04500 Agri, Turkey.
[Geveci, Ahmet; Topkaya, Yavuz A.] Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Eng,
TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
C3 Atilim University; Agri Ibrahim Cecen University; Middle East Technical
University
RP Keskinkilic, E (corresponding author), Atilim Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-
EM ender.keskinkilic@atilim.edu.tr
OI TOPKAYA, YAVUZ/0009-0009-3671-3655; Eray, Said/0000-0001-7310-9726
FU Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
[117M185]
FX The authors would like to thank The Scientific and Technological
Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for the financial support given
under Project No: 117M185.
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Rath SS, 2011, HIGH TEMP MAT PR-ISR, V30, P211, DOI 10.1515/HTMP.2011.031
SHAMSUDDIN M, 1986, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V38, P24, DOI 10.1007/BF03257917
Valavin VS, 2002, SMELTING REDUCTION I, P100
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NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 22
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-030-05955-2; 978-3-030-05954-5
PY 2019
BP 489
EP 499
DI 10.1007/978-3-030-05955-2_46
PG 11
Engineering
GA BO7XI
UT WOS:000525868100046
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Molina-Silva, J
Vera-Serna, P
Delvasto, P
AF Molina-Silva, J.
Vera-Serna, P.
Delvasto, P.
GP IOP
TI Characterization of the metallic phase and the slag phase obtained
during the inertization of the cathodes of spent alkaline batteries
using liquid aluminum
SO 5TH INTERNATIONAL MEETING FOR RESEARCHERS IN MATERIALS AND PLASMA
TECHNOLOGY (5TH IMRMPT)
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
CT 5th International Meeting for Researchers in Materials and Plasma
Technology (IMRMPT)
CY MAY 28-31, 2019
CL San Jose de Cucuta, COLOMBIA
ID MANGANESE; ALLOYS; ZINC
AB In this work, a reactive melting procedure was implemented for the inertization
of the manganese-containing cathodes of spent alkaline batteries. The process
consisted of adding the cathode powder mixed with borax on top of molten aluminum
at 1000 degrees C. By means of an aluminothermic reaction, manganese oxides are
reduced and incorporated into the alloy. The presence of borax in the reactive
mixture was found to be fundamental to obtain the Al-Mn alloy. The characterization
of the metal phase and the slag phase by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray
diffraction showed that manganese is reduced to form manganese borides in the slag
and Al-Mn intermetallics in the alloy. This process could make feasible to use
aluminum casting shops as processors of spent alkaline batteries.
C1 [Molina-Silva, J.; Delvasto, P.] Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
[Vera-Serna, P.] Univ Politecn Tecamac, Tecamac, Estado De Mexic, Mexico.
C3 Universidad Industrial de Santander
RP Delvasto, P (corresponding author), Univ Ind Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
EM delvasto@uis.edu.co
OI Delvasto, Pedro/0000-0001-5602-7921; VERA SERNA,
PEDRO/0000-0001-7085-7374
CR Bernardes AM, 2004, J POWER SOURCES, V130, P291, DOI
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.12.026
Candan E., 2002, Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, V26,
P1
Chen WS, 2017, ENRGY PROCED, V107, P167, DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2016.12.162
Delvasto P, 2015, P 8 C INT MAT
Ebin B, 2016, WASTE MANAGE, V51, P157, DOI 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.029
Flores-Davila O, 2019, METALS OPEN ACCESS M, V9, P49
Flores-Valdes A, 2012, ALUMINIUM ALLOYS NEW, P301
Hasegawa M., 2013, Treatise Process Metall, P507
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Marcano Godoy Keiber Alberto, 2016, Revista de Investigación, V40, P78
Nunes P C R, 1990, P INT S PROD REF FAB, P187
Ochoa R, 2015, MATER TODAY-PROC, V2, P4971, DOI 10.1016/j.matpr.2015.10.076
Ruffino B, 2011, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V55, P309, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.10.002
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PI BRISTOL
SN 1742-6588
EI 1742-6596
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2019
VL 1386
AR 012056
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/1386/1/012056
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
GA BP7HU
UT WOS:000562059600055
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Pontikes, Y
AF Pontikes, Yiannis
BE Gaustad, G
Fleuriault, C
Gokelma, M
Howarter, JA
Kirchain, R
Ma, K
Meskers, C
Neelameggham, NR
Olivetti, E
Powell, AC
Tesfaye, F
Verhulst, D
Zhang, M
TI Introducing the Extraordinary Leuven Cement: Raw Materials, Process,
Performance, and First Real-Life Applications
SO REWAS 2019: MANUFACTURING THE CIRCULAR MATERIALS ECONOMY
LA English
CT REWAS Conference on Manufacturing the Circular Materials Economy.
CY MAR 12, 2019
CL San Antonio, TX
DE Cement; Binder; Sustainable
AB The development of alternative cementitious binders has been primarily fueled by
the need to reduce the environmental footprint of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC).
It would be reasonable to expect though that these new binders to come should be on
one hand better in terms of environmental footprint, and on the other hand, at
least comparable in terms of performance and availability to society. The latter,
in engineering terms, translates into a production process that is relatively easy
to erect, technically and financially, and robust during operation. Moreover, the
binder itself should be composed of abundant elements so as to empower construction
and growth for all. The most abundant elements in earth's crust are oxygen,
silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, and sodium. Assuming a high-temperature process
is employed, then the parent minerals where these elements are present are of
little interest: they will all melt, and by adjusting the chemistry and the cooling
conditions, the solidified product will be the glass precursor to be used as the
main component in the cementitious binder thereafter.
In the work herein, we present our approach to meet all the above. We try to
translate intentions (i.e., develop a binder of low environmental footprint and
abundant to all) into actions (i.e., develop and test the process and the
materials), respecting the obvious boundaries of the system (i.e., thermodynamics).
The work is structured around the production process of this new binder. It
starts with an overview of the different steps (i.e., unit operations) and
continues with in-depth presentation of raw materials, firing conditions, milling,
additives, (.), concluding to the two lines of binders that have been developed
over the past years, one with OPC (blended) and the other one without. In addition
to OPC, these formulations can also integrate other materials, namely, ground
granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, calcined clays, and more, thus, resemble to
a great extent the family of blended cements in the market today. The data
communicated refer to work conducted at both laboratory and pilot-plant scale, and
extend from the atomic structure of these new binders to mortar formulations and
ultrahigh strength concrete.
The name of this new binder is Extraordinary Leuven Cement. It is abbreviated as
ELCE, suggesting that "elce", an obsolete form of "else", i.e., something different
is a possibility even for one of the most massively used materials today.
C1 [Pontikes, Yiannis] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Kasteelpark Arenberg
44, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
C3 KU Leuven
RP Pontikes, Y (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn,
Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
EM yiannis.pontikes@kuleuven.be
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-030-10386-6; 978-3-030-10385-9
PY 2019
BP 165
EP 166
DI 10.1007/978-3-030-10386-6_19
PG 2
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA BP0GN
UT WOS:000534266100019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Suprapto, W
AF Suprapto, Wahyono
GP IOP
TI Effect recycled aluminium structures of metallurgycal and melt
efficiency
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHANICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND
APPLICATION
LA English
CT International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Research and
Application (ICOMERA)
CY OCT 23-25, 2018
CL Brawijaya Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Malang, INDONESIA
HO Brawijaya Univ, Dept Mech Engn
DE structure aluminum; recycling; smelting efficiency; ingots; fabrication
AB Generally, an expired structure aluminum is recycled into raw materials for the
next casting process or component products. Slag and aluminum left in the ladle
caused low melting efficiency. Microstructure formed in the castings components
solidification process is often used to control mechanical properties and the
castings fabrication. The purpose of this study is to improve structure aluminum
recycling process quality. This recycling study used structure aluminum raw
materials with recycling levels variations in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th. In the
first recycling, the structure aluminum pieces as melting raw materials weighing 2
kg were put in the induction furnace for melting. Let the aluminum pieces melted in
the furnace and the temperature continued to rise to 700 degrees C. Next, separated
and took the floating slag on top of liquid aluminum, lifted the ladle from the
furnace and poured the aluminum in the ingot mold from the permanent mold. After
the ingots in the mold were being frozen and cooled, removed the ingots from the
mold to be weighed and tested for microstructure. In the second recycling, the
melted raw material was the first recycling ingot with the same procedure. In the
third recycle, the melted raw material was the second recycling ingot with the same
procedure; and the third recycling, the raw material that was melted was the third
recycling ingot with the same procedure. Then the slag and ingot was weighed, and
microstructure photos from the ingots were taken. From the microstructural
photographs results, a calculation process can be performed to determine the grain
size of each specimen. For smelting efficiency testing results at each recycling
stages respectively 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th were 76.23%, 82.64%, 85.17%, and 89.55%.
The largest microstructure diameter at the first recycling for the surface part was
42,512 mu m and the center was 43,314 mu m. The smallest grain diameter of the 3rd
recycling for the surface part was 42,164 mu m and the center was 42,346 mu m.
C1 [Suprapto, Wahyono] Univ Brawijaya, Dept Mech Engn, Malang, Indonesia.
C3 Brawijaya University
RP Suprapto, W (corresponding author), Univ Brawijaya, Dept Mech Engn, Malang,
Indonesia.
EM wahyos@ub.ac.id
CR Abdulsada Shaymaa Abbas, 2013, INT J CURRENT ENG TE, V3
Gan Y, 2015, INT J CAST METAL RES, V28, P50, DOI 10.1179/1743133614Y.0000000130
Hurtalová L, 2012, ARCH MECH ENG, V59, P385, DOI 10.2478/v10180-012-0020-3
Li YM, 2012, INT J INNOV COMPUT I, V8, P1237
Manasijevic S, 2013, INT J CAST METAL RES, V26, P255, DOI
10.1179/1743133612Y.0000000007
Osawa Y, 2007, MATER TRANS, V48, P2467, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.F-MRA2007874
Rijab Mustafa A, 2015, E CRONICON J, V1
Tangwarodomnukun Viboon, 2015, J IND TECHNOLOGY, V11
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2019
VL 494
AR 012085
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/494/1/012085
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BM9OO
UT WOS:000471177400085
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zhang, SD
Wang, Q
Zhu, LL
He, SP
AF Zhang, Shaoda
Wang, Qian
Zhu, Lilong
He, Shengping
BE Hwang, JY
Jiang, T
Kennedy, MW
Gregurek, D
Wang, S
Zhao, B
Yucel, O
Keskinkilic, E
Downey, JP
Peng, Z
Padilla, R
TI The Effects of ZrO2, Y2O3 and
Sc2O3 on the Properties of Mould Fluxes for High
Manganese High Aluminum Steels
LA English
CY 2018
CL Phoenix, AZ
DE ZrO2; Y2O3; Sc2O3; High-manganese high aluminum steels; Mold flux
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; SLAGS
AB The effects of ZrO2, Y2O3 and Sc2O3, which are transition metal oxides, on the
melting temperature, viscosity at 1300 degrees C, and break temperature of three
mold fluxes (two weak-reactive type and one non-reactive type) designed for the
high manganese and high aluminum steels, and one another conventional CaO-SiO2
based mold flux is studied. The results indicate that the melting temperature and
viscosity increases slightly, and the break temperature increases dramatically with
the addition of ZrO2, Y2O3 and Sc2O3 content in the conventional CaO-SiO2 based
mold flux system. While, the addition of ZrO2, Y2O3 and Sc2O3 in the weak-reactive
or non-reactive mold flux systems has a negligible influence on the melting
temperature, viscosity and break temperature, suggesting that these transition
metal oxides are possible to regulate radiation heat transfer without changing the
basic properties of mold fluxes.
C1 [Zhang, Shaoda; Wang, Qian; Zhu, Lilong; He, Shengping] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat
EM q_wang@cqu.edu.cn
FU Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1660204];
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M592119]; Postdoctoral
Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province [2016KY19]
FX The authors greatly appreciate the supports from the Key Program of
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1660204), China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M592119) and Postdoctoral Science
Foundation of Jiangxi Province (No. 2016KY19).
CR Barin I, 1973, THERMOCHEMICAL PROPE
Diao J, 2009, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V36, P610, DOI 10.1179/030192309X12492910938096
Dutta S, 2010, THESIS
Kobayashi Y, 2013, ISIJ INT, V53, P1725, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.53.1725
355
231
Rao Y.K., 1985, STOIOCHIMETRY THERMO
ROG G, 1992, J CHEM THERMODYN, V24, P41, DOI 10.1016/S0021-9614(05)80254-X
Wang Q., 2013, METALL MATER TRANS B, V45B, P1
Yasue T, 1988, GYPSUM LIME, V212, P3
Zhou LJ, 2017, STEEL RES INT, V87, P1
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-72138-5; 978-3-319-72137-8
PY 2018
BP 655
EP 662
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-72138-5_63
PG 8
Engineering
GA BL5BM
UT WOS:000451214300063
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lysenko, AP
Sel'nitsyn, RS
Nalivaiko, AY
AF Lysenko, A. P.
Sel'nitsyn, R. S.
Nalivaiko, A. Yu.
TI Comprehensive Processing of Saline Aluminum-Containing Slag
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE dumps; saline aluminum-containing slag; leaching; electrolysis; optimum
conditions
ID DEOXIDATION; STEEL
AB A method is developed for processing saline aluminum-containing slag based on
leaching and electrolysis of solid residue after leaching in molten fluoride with
preparation of a deoxidizing alloy for steel. Saline solution is evaporated with
preparation of a covering and/or covering-refining flux. In the course of pilot
plant tests, optimum process conditions are clarified for aqueous leaching of
saline aluminum-containing slag, and a test batch of alloy-deoxidizing agent is
obtained that is used at the Electrostal Heavy Engineering Plant. The best results
are achieved with the following leaching regime: temperature 60A degrees C, size
150 mu m, duration 80 min, and S:L = 2:1. Current efficiency 87%.
C1 [Lysenko, A. P.; Sel'nitsyn, R. S.; Nalivaiko, A. Yu.] Natl Univ Sci & Technol
MISiS, Moscow, Russia.
RP Lysenko, AP (corresponding author), Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow,
Russia.
EM reikis@yandex.ru
RI Nalivaiko, Anton Yurievich/H-2744-2015
OI Nalivaiko, Anton Yurievich/0000-0003-2475-4811
FU Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science [14.578.21.0072]
FX This work was conducted with financial support of the Russian Federation
Ministry of Education and Science in the framework of the fulfillment of
obligations under Subsidy Agreement No. 14.578.21.0072 of October 23,
2014 (Agreement unique identifier is RFMEFI57814X0072).
CR [Anonymous], 2009, P 138 INT C TMS 2009
Arkhipov E. A., 2002, Patent, Patent No. [2194778 RF, 2194778]
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Feizievand G. K., 1981, TEPLOENERGETIKA, P62
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Kopylov A.S., 2003, WATER TREATMENT POWE
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Mekhtiyev A, 2016, METALURGIJA, V55, P47
10.3103/S1067821215030189
Zhang GH, 2015, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V22, P905, DOI 10.1016/S1006-
706X(15)30088-1
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 61
IS 7-8
BP 624
EP 628
DI 10.1007/s11015-017-0543-4
PG 5
GA FO4ZW
UT WOS:000416859500018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Perepelitsyn, VA
Merzlyakov, VN
Kochetkov, VV
Yagovtsev, AV
Panov, EV
Merzlyakov, V. N.
Kochetkov, V. V.
Yagovtsev, A. V.
Panov, E. V.
TI Waste-Free Recycling of Secondary Bacor Resources1
LA English
DT Article
DE bacor; baddeleyite; corundum; mechanical treatment; enrichment;
leaching; slag-forming mixture
AB Technology is developed for two-stage processing of secondary zirconium-
containing mineral resource. A production scheme includes mechanical treatment of
bacor waste and subsequent chemical leaching of impurities. The main processes in
the first (mechanical) stage are crushing and selective grinding with separation of
high-zircon concentrate (Al2O3-ZrO2 system) and aluminum-zirconia product leaner
with respect to ZrO2 (R O-2-Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 system). In the second stage the latter
are leached with a fluoric acid solution. The waste-free technology proposed for
enrichment makes it possible to use valuable secondary resources entirely with
preparation of two end products: enriched bacor refractory and a slag-forming
mixture for steel smelting production.
C1 [Perepelitsyn, V. A.] FGAOU VO Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
[Merzlyakov, V. N.; Kochetkov, V. V.] OOO NPTs Tseolit, Magnitogorsk, Russia.
[Yagovtsev, A. V.] OOO DINUR, Pervouralsk, Sverdlov Region, Russia.
[Panov, E. V.] OOO OgneuporPromGrp, Magnitogorsk, Russia.
RP Perepelitsyn, VA (corresponding author), FGAOU VO Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg,
Russia.
EM pva-vostio@bk.ru
CR Perepelitsyn V. A., 2008, MINERAL SYRE URALA, V3, P14
Popov O. N., 1985, OGNEUPORY, P50
Ryabtsev N. A., 1987, SECONDARY REFRACTORI
Sokolov V. A., 1988, OGNEUPORY, P19
Sokolov V. A., 1983, STEKLO KERAM, P10
Sokolov V. A., 1988, OGNEUPORY, P27
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 58
IS 4
BP 354
EP 356
DI 10.1007/s11148-017-0110-3
PG 3
GA FP0KL
UT WOS:000417288400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ikram-Ul-Haq, M
Mukherjee, PS
Khanna, R
AF Ikram-Ul-Haq, Muhammad
Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi
Khanna, Rita
TI Formation of Light-Weight Ferroalloys in the
Fe2O3-Al2O3-C System at 1550
°C: Influence of Silica Impurities
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE ferroalloys; carbothermic reduction; alumina; silica; impurities
ID 1 823 K; CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION; ALUMINA; KINETICS; VACUUM; SLAG
AB Light-weight ferro-aluminium alloys are finding increasing application in the
transport sector to reduce overall weights, energy costs and CO2 emissions. As the
primary production processes of both Fe and Al are among the most energy-intensive
industrial processes in the world, there is an urgent need to develop alternate
routes for producing Fe-Al alloys. Our group has successfully produced these alloys
in the Fe2O3-Al2O3-C system by producing molten iron in situ, followed by the
reduction of alumina at 1550 degrees C and pick-up of Al by Fe. In this article, we
report on the influence of silica, a typical impurity present in iron oxide and
reductant carbon, on the reduction reactions in this system, and on the formation
of ferroalloys. In-depth investigations were carried out on the Fe2O3-SiO2-C and
Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-C systems at 1550 degrees C for times of up to 60 min. Detailed
HRSEM/EDS and XRD analysis was carried on the quenched reaction products recovered
after various heat treatments. A complete reduction of silica and alumina was
observed in the Fe2O3-SiO2-C system, along with the formation of FeSi and SiC. The
reduction reactions were relatively slow in the Fe2O3-Al2O3-SiO2-C system. While
the formation of SiC, FeSi and mullite (Al6Si2O13) was observed, even small amounts
of Fe-Al alloys could not be detected. The presence of silica impurities reduced
the formation of Fe-Al to negligible levels by depleting molten iron from the
reaction zone, a key ingredient for the low-temperature carbothermic reduction of
alumina. This study shows that some impurities can be highly detrimental to the
reaction kinetics and the formation of ferroalloys, and great care needs to be
exercised during the choice of reaction constituents.
C1 [Ikram-Ul-Haq, Muhammad; Khanna, Rita] Univ New South Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi] Inst Minerals & Mat Technol, Adv Mat Technol,
Bhubaneswar 751013, Orissa, India.
C3 University of New South Wales Sydney; Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research (CSIR) - India; CSIR - Institute of Minerals & Materials
Technology (IMMT)
RP Khanna, R (corresponding author), Univ New South Wales, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM ikramlateef@gmail.com; psmukherjee52@gmail.com; ritakhanna@unsw.edu.au
FU Australian Research Council [DP130102639]
FX The financial support for this project was provided by the Australian
Research Council under the Discovery Project Scheme DP130102639. The
analytical facilities used in this study were provided by the Mark
Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Balomanos E., 2011, CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTI, P729
Dewan A, 2013, T I MIN METALL C, V122, P113, DOI 10.1179/1743285513Y.0000000039
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10.1080/08827508.2010.530723
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10.2355/isijinternational.52.1801
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2016-037
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1
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NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 10
AR 391
DI 10.3390/met7100391
PG 10
Engineering
GA FM2RB
UT WOS:000414846200008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lim, JT
Youn, JW
Seo, SY
Kim, KY
Kim, SJ
AF Lim, Jeon Taik
Youn, Ji Won
Seo, Seok Yong
Kim, Ki Young
Kim, Suk Jun
TI The Mechanical Strength of Si Foams in the Mushy Zone during
Solidification of Al-Si Alloys
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Si-Al alloy; porous materials; solvent refining; centrifugation;
mechanical strength
ID FORCED ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATIONS; METALLURGICAL-GRADE SILICON;
CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION; COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; BORON
REMOVAL; SLAG; MELT
AB The mechanical strength of an Al-30% Si alloy in the mushy zone was estimated by
using a novel centrifugation apparatus. In the apparatus, the alloy melt was
partially solidified, forming a porous structure made of primary Si platelets (Si
foam) while cooling. Subsequently, pressure generated by centrifugal force pushed
the liquid phase out of the foam. The estimated mechanical strength of the Si foam
in the temperature range 850-993 K was very low (62 kPa to 81 kPa). This is about
two orders of magnitude lower than the mechanical strength at room temperature as
measured by compressive tests. When the centrifugal stress was higher than the
mechanical strength of the foam, the foam fractured, and the primary Si
crystallites were extracted along with the Al-rich melt. Therefore, to maximize the
centrifugal separation efficiency of the Al-30% Si alloy, the centrifugal stress
should be in the range of 62-81 kPa.
C1 [Lim, Jeon Taik; Youn, Ji Won; Seo, Seok Yong; Kim, Ki Young; Kim, Suk Jun]
Korea Univ Technol & Educ KOREATECH, Sch Energy Mat & Chem Engn, Cheonan 31253,
South Korea.
C3 Korea University of Technology & Education
RP Kim, SJ (corresponding author), Korea Univ Technol & Educ KOREATECH, Sch Energy
Mat & Chem Engn, Cheonan 31253, South Korea.
EM jeontak0203@koreatech.ac.kr; longspear@koreatech.ac.kr;
lllll_vv@koreatech.ac.kr; simha@koreatech.ac.kr; skim@koreatech.ac.kr
FU Industrial Fundamental Technology Development Program - Ministry of
Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE) of Korea [10051363]; National
Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology [NRF-2014R1A1A2055961]; KOREATECH; Korea Evaluation Institute
of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10051363] Funding Source: Korea
FX This work was supported by the Industrial Fundamental Technology
Development Program (10051363, Development of solidification technology
for separation of above-5N-purity Silicon from Al die casting scrap for
low-cost solar cell) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and
Energy (MOTIE) of Korea, by the National Research Foundation of Korea
(NRF-2014R1A1A2055961) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and
Technology, and by KOREATECH. ICP analysis was performed by Cooperative
Equipment Center at KOREATECH.
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2
Yoshikawa T, 2009, J CRYST GROWTH, V311, P776, DOI
10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2008.09.095
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NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD APR
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 4
AR 337
DI 10.3390/ma10040337
PG 9
Physics
GA EW9ML
UT WOS:000402843800012
PM 28772695
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Makhambetov, YN
Baysanov, AS
Nabiev, MA
Zh, SE
Baysanova, M
Sultamurat, GI
AF Makhambetov, Ye. N.
Baysanov, A. S.
Nabiev, M. A.
Zh, Shabanov E.
Baysanova, M.
Sultamurat, G. I.
BE Yurievich, SO
TI Processing and Use of Solid Technogenic Waste - Damping Metallurgical
Slags for Producing Calcium-Containing Ferro-Alloys
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WITH ELEMENTS OF SCHOOL FOR YOUNG SCIENTISTS ON
RECYCLING AND UTILIZATION OF TECHNOGENIC FORMATIONS (TECHNOGEN-2017)
SE KnE Materials Science
LA English
CT International Conference with Elements of School for Young Scientists on
Recycling and Utilization of Technogenic Formations
CY JUN 05-08, 2017
CL Ekaterinburg, RUSSIA
DE high-ash coals; blast-furnace slag; technogenic waste; calcium
ferroalloy; smelting
AB In the given article there are presented the results of complex calcium-
containing ferroalloy from high-ash coals of the Saryadyr deposit, dump blast-
furnace slag and slag of refined ferromanganese, which related to technogenic
waste. There is established the possibility of smelting calcium-containing
ferroalloy, the recovery of basic elements reached 91.56% manganese, 87.75%
silicon, 76% aluminum and calcium up to 40%
C1 [Makhambetov, Ye. N.; Baysanov, A. S.; Nabiev, M. A.; Zh, Shabanov E.;
Baysanova, M.] Chem & Met Inst J Abishev, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Sultamurat, G. I.] Karaganda State Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
RP Makhambetov, YN (corresponding author), Chem & Met Inst J Abishev, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
EM m.ye.n@mail.ru
RI Baisanov, Alibek/O-5201-2017
OI Baisanov, Alibek/0000-0002-3025-7267
CR [Асматулаев Б. А Asmatullaev B. A], 2007, [Сталь, Stal'], P119
Khobotova E., 2012, ECOLOGICAL CHEM, P27
Makhambetov E. N., 2015, P 8 INT SCI PRACT C, P152
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU KNOWLEDGE E
PI DUBAI
PA OFFICE 4402, X2 TOWER, JLT, PO BOX 488239, DUBAI, 00000, U ARAB EMIRATES
SN 2519-1438
J9 KNE MATER SCI
PY 2017
BP 127
EP 132
DI 10.18502/kms.v2i2.958
PG 6
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Materials Science,
GA BJ6OG
UT WOS:000426885500021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Önen, U
Ercenk, E
Yilmaz, S
AF Onen, U.
Ercenk, E.
Yilmaz, S.
TI Development of Machinable Glass-Ceramics Produced from Vermiculite
SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A
LA English
CT 6th Congress and Exhibition on International Advances in Applied Physics
and Materials Science (APMAS)
CY JUN 01-03, 2016
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CRYSTALLIZATION; SLAG
AB In this study, machinable glass-ceramics were produced from vermiculite and
K2CO3, SiO2, Al2O3 and MgF2 as additives by melting process. The starting materials
were mixed together and milled in a mill with alumina ball for 2 h. The mixed
powders were melted by aluminum crucible at 1500 degrees C. The melted glass was
cast into graphite mold, and then it was exposed to crystallization heat treatment
for glass-ceramic transformation. The glass-ceramic samples were characterized with
X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, mechanical tests such as
hardness, fracture toughness and machinability test. The results indicate that
machinability properties can be obtained from vermiculite based glass-ceramic with
some additives.
C1 [Onen, U.] Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-58140 Sivas,
Turkey.
[Ercenk, E.; Yilmaz, S.] Sakarya Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-54187
Sakarya, Turkey.
C3 Cumhuriyet University; Sakarya University
RP Önen, U (corresponding author), Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
TR-58140 Sivas, Turkey.
EM uonen@cumhuriyet.edu.tr
RI ÖNEN, UMUT/AAZ-3231-2020; Yılmaz, Şenol/HSH-8298-2023
OI ÖNEN, UMUT/0000-0003-2506-6092;
CR Akao M, 2003, J MATER SCI LETT, V22, P1483, DOI 10.1023/A:1026138828315
Alizadeh P, 2000, J EUR CERAM SOC, V20, P765, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00135-1
Baik DS, 1997, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V67, P50, DOI 10.1016/S0924-0136(96)02817-8
Boccaccini AR, 1997, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V65, P302, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(96)02275-3
Cheng KG, 2001, MATER LETT, V47, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0167-577X(00)00201-9
El-Meliegy EM, 2004, CERAM INT, V30, P1059, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2003.11.009
Gebhardt A, 1999, ACTA MATER, V47, P4427, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00317-1
Habelitz S, 1997, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V220, P291, DOI 10.1016/S0022-
3093(97)00299-8
Mollazadeh S, 2015, DENT MATER, V31, P1370, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2015.08.152
Mukherjee DP, 2016, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V433, P51, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.11.031
Rad BA, 2009, CERAM INT, V35, P2775, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.03.027
Silva CN, 2014, J CERAM PROCESS RES, V15, P360
Valásková M, 2009, APPL CLAY SCI, V46, P196, DOI 10.1016/j.clay.2009.08.003
Yang ZH, 2013, J ALLOY COMPD, V574, P354, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.05.091
Yekta BE, 2005, J EUR CERAM SOC, V25, P899, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2004.04.019
Yilmaz S., 1997, THESIS
Zhang WY, 2011, J EUR CERAM SOC, V31, P1669, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.02.037
Zhang WY, 2006, SCRIPTA MATER, V55, P275, DOI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.03.042
Zhao Y, 2012, CERAM INT, V38, P2495, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.11.018
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS
PI WARSAW
PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, PL-02-668 WARSAW, POLAND
SN 0587-4246
EI 1898-794X
J9 ACTA PHYS POL A
JI Acta Phys. Pol. A
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 131
IS 1
SI SI
BP 168
EP 170
DI 10.12693/APhysPolA.131.168
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA EN6MR
UT WOS:000396118600048
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Podbolotov, KB
AF Podbolotov, K. B.
TI REFRACTORY POROUS MATERIALS BASED ON SECONDARY RESOURCES AND PHOSPHATE
COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS); APB; aluminum
smelting slag (ASS); porous heat-insulation materials
AB Results are provided for a study of porous ceramic materials prepared in the
course of chemical and exothermic reactions based on a system containing secondary
resources (chamotte scrap, mullite-containing waste, aluminum smelting slag),
aluminium phosphate binder, aluminum refractory clay, and various additives.
Temperature dependences are established for heat capacity and thermal conductivity
in the range 30 - 1000 degrees C for the material obtained. It is shown that the
optimum overall aluminum and slag content in a mixture for preparing porous
materials is 10 - 20%. It is established that addition of magnesite and chrome-
magnesite, and also ammonium dihydrophosphate, makes it possible to control density
and strength of the materials obtained.
C1 [Podbolotov, K. B.] Belorussian State Technol Univ, Minsk, BELARUS.
C3 Belarusian State Technological University
RP Podbolotov, KB (corresponding author), Belorussian State Technol Univ, Minsk,
BELARUS.
EM kirilbor@gmail.com
RI Podbolotov, Kirill/AAD-2335-2019; Podbolotov, Kirill/K-8778-2013;
Podbolotov, Kirill/F-2733-2019
OI Podbolotov, Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481; Podbolotov,
Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481; Podbolotov, Kirill/0000-0001-9323-2481
CR Abyzov A. N., 1978, HEAT RESISTANT MAT C
Abyzov A. N., 1988, P ALL UN M HIGH TEMP
Abyzov V. A., 2001, BUILDING ED
Abyzov V. A., 2000, DISS CAND TECHN SCI
Abyzov V. A., 2011, VESTN YUURGU, P38
Khlystov A. I., 1998, STROITELNYE MATERIAL, P8
Kopeikin V.A., 1976, MATERIALY OSNOVE MET
Mamykin P. S, 2007, CHEM TECHNOLOGY REFR
Pak Ch. G., 1987, DISS CAND TECHN SCI
Pak Ch. G., 2010, VESTN YUURGU, P4
Semchenko G. D., 2007, REFRACTORIES LINING
Semchenko GD, 2007, UNMOLDED REFRACTORIE
SHAYAKHMETOV US, 2001, PHOSPHATE COMPOSITE
Sychev M. M., 1986, Inorganic Adhesives, V2nd
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 57
IS 5
BP 484
EP 489
DI 10.1007/s11148-017-0009-z
PG 6
GA EQ5KH
UT WOS:000398121100010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Raja, KSS
Raja, VKB
Rinold, FA
Abhilash, LS
AF Raja, K. S. Sridhar
Raja, V. K. Bupesh
Rinold, Aaro F.
Abhilash, L. S.
BE Mercy, JL
TI Effect of Steel slag on Wear Characterization of Aluminium Composite
Using Taguchi Technique
SO FRONTIERS IN AUTOMOBILE AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Frontiers in Automobile and Mechanical
Engineering
CY JUL 07-09, 2016
CL Sathyabama Univ, Chennai, INDIA
HO Sathyabama Univ
ID TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR; FRICTION
AB A wear behavior of steel slag reinforced aluminium A356 composite was fabricated
by stir casting technique. Here an attempt has been made by reinforcing steel slag
particle of size (1-5micron) in the aluminium matrix alloy fabricated through stir
casting process. Dry sliding wear behavior of the composite was studied by pin on
disc method. The experiment was conducted through Taguchi technique. A L-16
orthogonal array was developed using ANOVA and the regression analysis was
determined to find the optimum parameter. The parameters such as applied load,
sliding speed, percentage reinforcement, and the distance travelled are considered
for wear test. By considering the' smaller the best' the dry sliding wear was
analyzed. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) the single-to-noise ratio are used
to investigate the wear rate parameters. By studying the SEM analysis the worn out
parts are studied.
C1 [Raja, K. S. Sridhar; Rinold, Aaro F.; Abhilash, L. S.] Sathyabama Univ, Dept
Mech & Prod Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Raja, V. K. Bupesh] Sathyabama Univ, Dept Automobile Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu,
India.
C3 Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology; Sathyabama Institute of
RP Raja, KSS (corresponding author), Sathyabama Univ, Dept Mech & Prod Engn,
Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM sridhar2raja@gmail.com
RI Raja, V.K. Bupesh/L-5561-2017; K S, SRIDHAR RAJA/AAF-9644-2021
OI Raja, V.K. Bupesh/0000-0002-8929-1814; K S, SRIDHAR
RAJA/0000-0003-2931-1403
CR Davis L W, 1970, WEAR, V113, P234
Kumar TRH, 2013, INDIAN J ENG MATER S, V20, P329
Li HL, 2015, WEAR, V328, P17, DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2015.01.028
Mahdavi S, 2011, TRIBOL LETT, V44, P1, DOI 10.1007/s11249-011-9818-2
Mindivan H, 2008, WEAR, V265, P645, DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2007.12.007
Mishra Ashutosh, 2012, International Journal of Knowledge Engineering and Data
Mining, V2, P1
Rajesh S, 2012, MATER PHYS MECH, V15, P150
Rudnik D, 2001, INSTYTUTU TRANSPORTU
Sharma S. C, 1999, MAT SCI, V315, P298
Sharma SC, 1998, TRIBOL INT, V31, P183, DOI 10.1016/S0301-679X(98)00020-6
Sridhar Raja K S, 2015, INT J APPL ENG RES, V10, P6360
Walczak M, 2015, ARCH CIV MECH ENG, V15, P116, DOI 10.1016/j.acme.2014.05.003
Zhang SY, 2007, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V182, P122, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.07.018
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2017
VL 197
AR 012053
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/197/1/012053
PG 6
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BI3HM
UT WOS:000411055100053
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Stepanov, AB
Zaitsev, AI
Strizhakova, TI
AF Stepanov, A. B.
Zaitsev, A. I.
Strizhakova, T. I.
TI Features of Nonmetallic Inclusion Formation and Evolution During Ladle
Treatment and Continuous Casting of Special Alloy Steels
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE nonmetallic inclusions; spinel; modification; ladle treatment; defects;
continuous casting
AB Features of nonmetallic inclusion formation and evolution in special alloy
steels during ladle treatment and continuous casting are studied for special alloy
steel 40Kh. The main differences in types, sizes, and morphology of nonmetallic
inclusions in relation to steel deoxidation scheme are analyzed. It is established
that the composition of more than 97% of oxide inclusions present belongs to CaO-
Al2O3-SiO2, Al2O3-MgO-SiO2, CaO-Al2O3-MgO, CaO-Al2O3-MgO similar to 5% SiO2, Al2O3-
MnO-SiO2 systems. The main factors that affect the formation of aluminum-magnesium
spinel are determined. It is shown that a non-optimal slag regime in a tundish
leads to formation of silicate inclusions with cross section of more than 1000 mu
m(2), even with a steel aluminum content more than 0.015 wt.%.
C1 [Stepanov, A. B.; Zaitsev, A. I.; Strizhakova, T. I.] Bardin Cent Res Inst
Ferrous Met TsNIIchermet, Moscow, Russia.
[Zaitsev, A. I.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Chem, Moscow, Russia.
C3 Lomonosov Moscow State University
RP Stepanov, AB (corresponding author), Bardin Cent Res Inst Ferrous Met
TsNIIchermet, Moscow, Russia.
EM alxstp07@gmail.com; aizaitsev1@yandex.ru
RI Zaitsev, Alexander I./G-6170-2017
OI Zaitsev, Alexander I./0000-0001-8370-5556
FU [14.625.21.0032]; [REMEFI62515X0032]
FX This work was carried out within the scope of Subsidy Agreement No.
14.625.21.0032 of 10.27.2015; unique project identifier is
REMEFI62515X0032.
CR [Степанов Алексей Борисович Stepanov A.B.], 2016, [Металлург, Metallurg], P66
van Ende M. -A., 2010, Formation and Morphology of Non-metallic Inclusions in
Aluminium Killed Steels
[Зайцев А.И. Zaitsev A.I.], 2015, [Проблемы черной металлургии и
материаловедения, Problemy chernoi metallurgii i materialovedeniya], P24
ZAITSEV AI, 2008, PHYS CHEM METALLURGI
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 60
IS 7-8
BP 845
EP 855
DI 10.1007/s11015-016-0375-7
PG 11
GA EF0HH
UT WOS:000390006000030
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Krayuhin, SA
Maltsev, GI
Timofeev, KL
Naboychenko, SS
AF Krayuhin, S. A.
Maltsev, G. I.
Timofeev, K. L.
Naboychenko, S. S.
TI Thermodynamic prediction of melting of copper-electrolyte slime
LA English
DT Article
DE smelting; slime; charge; sublimates; slag; matte; metal
ID PART 1; SLUDGE; CU; RECOVERY; FE; CO
AB Balance calculations of multicomponent equilibrium compositions in the gas-
liquid-solid system under oxidizing smelting of the copper-free copper-electrolyte
slime, during which sulfur, selenium, and tellurium dioxides transfer into the gas
phase, while compounds of lead, copper, antimony, iron, and aluminum are
concentrated in the composition of the silicate slag, are performed with the help
of the Outotec's Chemical Reaction and Equilibrium Software HSC Chemistry program.
It is established that, under optimal conditions of oxidizing smelting of the
charge (100 kg) of the electrolyte slime (O-2 a parts per thousand 0.9 kg, SiO2 a
parts per thousand yen 6%, CaO similar to 3%, t = 1200A degrees C), lead, antimony,
and arsenic almost completely transfer into the silicate slag, while copper and
silver (above 91%) transfer into the matte. Selenium is distributed between the gas
phase (49.8%), matte (24.1%), and metallic phase (26.1%), while tellurium is
distributed between sublimates (14.4%), silicate slag (8.4%), and matte (77.2%).
C1 [Krayuhin, S. A.; Maltsev, G. I.; Timofeev, K. L.] AO Uralelektromed, Pr
Uspenskii 1, Verkhnyaya Pyshma 624091, Sverdlovsk Obla, Russia.
[Naboychenko, S. S.] Ural Fed Univ, Ul Mira 19, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia.
RP Krayuhin, SA (corresponding author), AO Uralelektromed, Pr Uspenskii 1,
Verkhnyaya Pyshma 624091, Sverdlovsk Obla, Russia.
EM S.Krauhin@elem.ru; mgi@elem.ru; K.Timofeev@elem.ru;
svmanyachenkov@yandex.ru
RI Timofeev, Konctantin/V-7707-2017; Maltsev, Gennady/S-1684-2017;
Naboichenko, Stanislav S./T-4497-2017
OI Timofeev, Konctantin/0000-0002-9525-6476; Maltsev,
Gennady/0000-0002-0750-0070; Naboichenko, Stanislav
S./0000-0003-0838-8372
CR Agrawal A, 2010, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V54, P401, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.09.005
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Kubasov V. L., 1991, B IZOBRET
Littlejohn P, 2012, HYDROMETALLURGY, V121, P90, DOI
10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.04.001
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Petrov G. V., 1987, KOMPL ISPOLZ MINER S, P50
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Soshnikova L. A., 1978, PERERABOTKA MEDEELEK
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NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 23
PI NEW YORK
SN 1067-8212
EI 1934-970X
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 57
IS 3
BP 175
EP 179
DI 10.3103/S1067821216030093
PG 5
GA DR4MQ
UT WOS:000379876200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bozheskov, AN
Kuklev, AV
Lebedev, IV
Toptygin, AM
Anisimov, KN
AF Bozheskov, A. N.
Kuklev, A. V.
Lebedev, I. V.
Toptygin, A. M.
Anisimov, K. N.
TI Development of Slag-Forming Mixture for Steel-Pouring Ladle and its
Application Technology During Production of Steels with High Aluminum
and Sulfur Content
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE steel; extra-furnace treatment; continuous casting; tundish;
slag-forming mixture; assimilation capacity; nonmetallic inclusions
AB Flotation and assimilation of nonmetallic inclusions from metal slag in steel-
pouring ladles and tundishes during pouring steels with increased aluminum and
sulfur content are considered. The authors study the formation of nonmetallic
inclusions in a steel-pouring ladle during steel extra-furnace treatment, the
process of submerged nozzle clogging during continuous casting, the change in slag
composition in a tundish, and development of an assimilation mixture composition
for a steel-pouring ladle. Laboratory studies are made of the physicochemical
properties of a developed SFM. It is established that use of the new SFM makes it
possible to improve nonmetallic inclusion assimilation in a steel-pouring ladle and
does not lead to a marked change in slag chemical composition and physical
properties in a tundish. As a result of this, there is less steel contamination
with nonmetallic inclusions and a reduction in submerged nozzle clogging.
C1 [Bozheskov, A. N.] Volzhskii Pipe Plant, Volzhskii, Russia.
[Kuklev, A. V.; Lebedev, I. V.; Toptygin, A. M.; Anisimov, K. N.] Bardin Cent
Res Inst Ferrous Met TsNIIchermet, Moscow, Russia.
RP Bozheskov, AN (corresponding author), Volzhskii Pipe Plant, Volzhskii, Russia.
CR [Anonymous], 1985, SLAG ATLAS REF BOOK
Enders V. V., 2003, P 7 STEEL SMELT C MO, P435
Lebedev I. V., 2013, METALLURG, P45
Parshikov A. N., 1997, P 4 STEEL SMELT C MO, P264
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 59
IS 11-12
BP 1081
EP 1085
DI 10.1007/s11015-016-0218-6
PG 5
GA DL0OK
UT WOS:000375332100013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Ambedkar, BRK
Kumar, VM
AF Ambedkar, Bula Ratna Kumar
Kumar, Velugula Mani
GP IEEE
TI Comparative Studies on Mechanical Properties of Ferrochrome Slag
Reinforced 1100 Aluminium Alloy Composites
SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, AND
OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES (ICEEOT)
LA English
CT International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization
Techniques (ICEEOT)
CY MAR 03-05, 2016
CL Palanchur, INDIA
DE Metal matrixcomposites; Composites; Composites processing; Stir casting;
ferro chrome slag
ID CARBON NANOTUBES
AB The increasing interest in composites containing low density and low cost
reinforcements made us to take solid waste material like ferrochrome slag as
reinforcement. Ferrochrome slag is a waste material obtained from the manufacturing
of high carbon ferrochromium alloy. Based on economics as well as environmental
related issues like utilization, storage and disposal so an attempt has been made
to reinforce the Ferro chrome slag in 1100 aluminum. To prepare light weight
composites, The mechanical properties of the composites were determined as a
function of the Ferro chrome slag content. Best results were seen with the aluminum
composites with 5 wt. % of Ferro chrome slag.
C1 [Ambedkar, Bula Ratna Kumar] JNTUK UCEV, Dept Met Engn, Vizinagaram, Andhra
Pradesh, India.
[Kumar, Velugula Mani] JNTUK UCEV, Dept Mech Engn, Vizinagaram, Andhra Pradesh,
India.
C3 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University - Kakinada; Jawaharlal Nehru
Technological University - Kakinada
RP Ambedkar, BRK (corresponding author), JNTUK UCEV, Dept Met Engn, Vizinagaram,
EM ambi3639@gmail.com
CR Ang LM, 1999, CHEM MATER, V11, P2115, DOI 10.1021/cm990078i
[Anonymous], 1981, An introduction to composite materials
Clyne T.W., 1993, INTRO METAL MATRIX C
Hilding J, 2003, J DISPER SCI TECHNOL, V24, P1, DOI 10.1081/DIS-120017941
kumar Rajesh, PREPARATION ALUMINIU
Kuzumaki T, 1998, MATER T JIM, V39, P574, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.39.574
Mohana Kumara K. C., DEV MECH PROFPERTIES
Niemela Pekka, PRODUCTION CHARACTER
Noguchi T, 2004, MATER TRANS, V45, P602, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.45.602
Pipes RB, 2002, COMPOS SCI TECHNOL, V62, P419, DOI 10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00002-7
Qunquing, 1997, J APPL PHY, V36, pL501
Sacther E., 2003, COMPOS SCI TECHNOL, V63, P1149
Salvetat-Delmotte JP, 2002, CARBON, V40, P1729, DOI 10.1016/S0008-6223(02)00012-
X
Singh Lakhvir, OPTIMIZATION PROCESS
Singla Manoj, DEV ALUMINIUM BASED
Xu CL, 2004, MATER RES BULL, V39, P1499, DOI 10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.04.021
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4673-9939-5
PY 2016
BP 3826
EP 3834
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BG7JO
UT WOS:000391380903189
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Bellqvist, D
Ångström, S
Magnusson, M
Nordhag, L
Falk, O
Gustavsson, L
AF Bellqvist, David
Angstrom, Sten
Magnusson, Marcel
Nordhag, Love
Falk, Ola
Gustavsson, Lennart
BE Varbanov, PS
Klemes, JJ
Alwi, SRW
Yong, JY
Liu, X
TI Closing the Loop - Processing of Waste By-Product from Aluminum
Recycling into Useful Product for the Steel Industry
SO PRES15: PROCESS INTEGRATION, MODELLING AND OPTIMISATION FOR ENERGY
SAVING AND POLLUTION REDUCTION
SE Chemical Engineering Transactions
LA English
CT Conference on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy
Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES)
CY AUG 22-27, 2015
CL Kuching, MALAYSIA
AB During melting of aluminum scrap a slag residue is formed. The slag residue,
called black dross, has no industrial use and has to be landfilled. The work
presented herein aims at developing a novel treatment process for the slag,
converting it into a useful product for the steel industry and thereby replacing
commercially available products made from virgin material. The concept consists of
flash melting black dross and lime to form a synthetic slag former for treatment of
high quality steel. Results from the modelling work indicate that the overall
energy savings for an extended use of the developed product at the SSAB Europe
Lulea site amounts to 31 GWh/y corresponding to 8 kt CO2/y, in addition to the
process removing the need for landfill of around 20 kt of black dross per year with
subsequent risk of leakage of toxic compounds.
C1 [Bellqvist, David; Angstrom, Sten; Magnusson, Marcel] Swerea MEFOS, SE-97437
Lulea, Sweden.
[Nordhag, Love] Stena Recycling Int AB, SE-40040 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Falk, Ola] Stena Aluminium AB, SE-34321 Almhult, Sweden.
[Gustavsson, Lennart] SSAB Europe Lulea, SE-97188 Lulea, Sweden.
C3 Swerea Group; SSAB
RP Bellqvist, D (corresponding author), Swerea MEFOS, Aronstorpsvagen 1, SE-97437
Lulea, Sweden.
EM david.bellqvist@swerea.se
CR Beheshti R., 2012, EPD C TMS MIN MET MA
Hwang J.Y., 2006, J MINERALS MAT CHARA, V5, P217
Margallo M, 2013, CHEM ENGINEER TRANS, V35, P871, DOI 10.3303/CET1335145
Ondova M, 2013, CHEM ENGINEER TRANS, V35, P841, DOI 10.3303/CET1335140
The International Aluminium Institute, 2015, IND STRUCT REC AL
The International Aluminium Institute, 2015, PRIM AL PROD
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU AIDIC SERVIZI SRL
PI MILANO
PA VIA GIUSEPPE COLOMBO 81/A, MILANO, MI 20133, ITALY
SN 1974-9791
BN 978-88-95608-36-5
J9 CHEM ENGINEER TRANS
PY 2015
VL 45
BP 661
EP 666
DI 10.3303/CET1545111
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BE0HI
UT WOS:000366034200111
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jackowski, J
Suchora-Kozakiewicz, M
AF Jackowski, J.
Suchora-Kozakiewicz, M.
TI ASSESSMENT OF USABILITY OF MOLTEN SALT MIXTURES IN METALLURGY OF
ALUMINUM ALLOYS AND RECYCLING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON THE MATRIX
OF Al ALLOYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluxing agents; slags; Al alloys; refining and recycling; surface
properties
AB Effectiveness of the slags used in metallurgy of aluminum alloys and in
recycling of composite materials containing these alloys depends on their surface
properties at the phase boundaries they are in contact with. An index of surface
properties of molten mixtures of slag-forming salts has been formulated. Its
calculated values are compared with measured results of surface tension (liquid -
atmosphere) and interfacial tension (liquid - liquid) in the considered systems. It
was found that the index can be helpful for purposes of proper choice of the
mixtures of slag-forming salts used both in Al alloys metallurgy and in recycling
of composite materials based on the matrix of Al alloys.
C1 [Jackowski, J.; Suchora-Kozakiewicz, M.] Poznan Univ Tech, PL-60965 Poznan,
Poland.
C3 Poznan University of Technology
RP Suchora-Kozakiewicz, M (corresponding author), Poznan Univ Tech, 2 M
Sklodowskiej Curie Str, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
EM magdalena.suchora@put.poznan.pl
RI Suchora-Kozakiewicz, Magdalena M.S-K/L-5942-2014
OI Suchora-Kozakiewicz, Magdalena M.S-K/0000-0001-6231-3078
CR Adamski C., 1979, PRZEGLAD ODLEWNICTWA, V12, P31
[Anonymous], 1974, PORADNIK FIZYKOCHEMI
Goederitz A.H.F., 1955, METALLGUSS
Gorny Z., 1963, ODLEWNICZE STOPY MET
Holewinski S., 1965, ZUZLE WIELKOPIECOWE
Jackowski J., 2006, ATMIA, V26, P39
Jackowski J., 2011, ATMIA, V31, P9
Jackowski J, 2013, COMPOS THEORY PRACT, V13, P107
Mazanek T., 1968, METALURGIA ZELAZA
Nizenko V.J., 1981, POVERHNOSTNOE NATAZE
Postolek H., 1981, ARCH HUTN, V26, P24
Szweycer M., 1996, ZJAWISKA POWIERZCHNI
Wells A.F., 1993, STRUKTURALNA CHEM NI
Witczak D., 1998, MECH ZAGESZCZANIA ZU
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
PY 2015
VL 60
IS 3
BP 1731
EP 1735
DI 10.1515/amm-2015-0298
PG 5
GA CW9YL
UT WOS:000365354000025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Socha, L
Adolf, Z
Bazan, J
Machovcák, P
AF Socha, Ladislav
Adolf, Zdenek
Bazan, Jiri
Machovcak, Pavel
GP TANGER Ltd
TI REDUCTION OF CHROMIUM OXIDES FROM THE SLAG AT PRODUCTION OF ALLOYED
STEELS
SO METAL 2015: 24TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
LA English
CT 24th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials
CY JUN 03-05, 2015
CL Brno, CZECH REPUBLIC
DE Slag mode; slag creation; slag reduction; high-alloyed steels; electric
arc furnace
ID ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACE
AB In the steel industry, requirements for production optimization by the help of
decreasing of energy and economical demands are increasing at the production of
alloyed steels in the EAF. During the treatment of alloyed steel charging in the
EAF containing chromium, its loss by oxidation and by the transition into slag
happens. Chromium oxidation in the EAF happens during particular technological
operations, however in different intensity. The main part of chromium loss from the
melting happens during the oxidation period in which oxygen is blown with the aim
of ensuring of basic refining reactions and melting decarbonisation. The chromium
transition and its increase in the form of chromium oxides in the slag influences
its properties which is shown by the creation of slag crust with the high viscosity
which decreases the slag reactivity and prevents it from creation of foam slag
during production of steel in the EAF. In the presenting paper, basic possibilities
of Cr2O3 reduction from the slag at using of various reduction agents, application
ways and technology modification of melting are given together with the proposal of
theoretical calculation of consumption of chosen refining agents presenting silicon
and aluminium for the conditions of steelwork VHM a.s.
C1 [Socha, Ladislav; Adolf, Zdenek; Bazan, Jiri] VSB Tech Univ Ostrava, FMME, Dept
Met & Foundry, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
[Machovcak, Pavel] VITKOVICE HEAVY MACHINERY As, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
RP Socha, L (corresponding author), VSB Tech Univ Ostrava, FMME, Dept Met &
Foundry, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
EM ladislav.socha@vsb.cz; zdenek.adolf@vsb.cz; jiri.bazan@vsb.cz;
pavel.machovcak@vitkovice.cz
RI Socha, Ladislav/HPC-8412-2023; SOCHA, Ladislav/ABH-4531-2020
CR Arh B, 2007, MATER TEHNOL, V41, P203
BJORKVALL J., 2004, 7 INT C MOLT SLAG FL
Juhart M, 2001, STAHL EISEN, V121, P35
SOCHA L., 2014, IRON AND STEELMAKING, P112
SUN S, 1997, EL FURN C P, P297
NR 6
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU TANGER LTD
PI SLEZSKA
PA KELTICKOVA 62, SLEZSKA, OSTRAVA 710 00, CZECH REPUBLIC
BN 978-80-87294-62-8
PY 2015
BP 156
EP 162
PG 7
Engineering
GA BE6SK
UT WOS:000374706100022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, WJ
Bao, YP
Zhao, LH
Wang, M
AF Ma, W. -J.
Bao, Y. -P.
Zhao, L. -H.
Wang, M.
TI Physical modelling and industrial trials of CAS-OB refining process for
low carbon aluminium killed steels
LA English
DT Article
DE CAS-OB; Physical modelling; Mixing time; Industrial trials; Casting
ID GAS-STIRRED LADLE; SYSTEMS
AB A physical model was set up to represent the 300 t CAS-OB at Shou Gang Jing Tang
Iron and Steel works. The study results indicate that the mixing time decreased and
then increased with increasing the distance from the bottom centre of ladle to the
bubbling plug, and was the best at the 0.3r position. The mixing time decreased and
then increased with increasing gas flow rate. Mixing time is minimum when the flow
rate is above 0.49 m(3) h(-1). In the slagging process, when the gas rate is 0.42
m(3) h(-1), the diameter of the slag open eye reached the outer diameter of
snorkel. Industrial trials showed improved operational performance of the CAS-OB.
C1 [Ma, W. -J.; Bao, Y. -P.; Zhao, L. -H.; Wang, M.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
[Ma, W. -J.; Bao, Y. -P.; Zhao, L. -H.; Wang, M.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
Technology Beijing
RP Ma, WJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM mawenjun2929@163.com
CR Ek M, 2010, STEEL RES INT, V81, P1056, DOI 10.1002/srin.201000102
Ha CS, 2008, ARCH METALL MATER, V53, P637
Jin Y. L., 2007, STEELMAKING, V23, P36
MAZUMDAR D, 1990, METALL TRANS B, V21, P925, DOI 10.1007/BF02657818
MCNALLAN MJ, 1982, METALL TRANS B, V13, P165, DOI 10.1007/BF02664573
Nakanishi K., 1975, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V2, P193
Nilsson L, 1996, SCAND J METALL, V25, P73
Subagyo, 2003, ISIJ INT, V43, P262
Yin H. B., 1994, IRON STEEL, V29, P73
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 10
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 8
BP 607
EP 610
DI 10.1179/1743281213Y.0000000176
PG 4
GA AW2UR
UT WOS:000346145300007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, PC
Zhang, JL
AF Li, Peng-Cheng
Zhang, Jian-Liang
TI RETRACTED: Representation of Reaction Ability for Structural Units in
Fe-Al Binary Melts (Retracted article. See vol. 54, pg. 2663, 2014)
LA English
DT Article; Retracted Publication
DE Fe-Al binary melts; activity of aluminum; activity of iron; mass action
concentration; reaction ability; thermodynamic model; structural units;
atom and molecule coexistence theory (AMCT)
ID MOLECULE COEXISTENCE THEORY; CAO-SIO2-MGO-AL2O3 IRONMAKING SLAGS;
QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; METAL-SULFUR SYSTEMS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;
PHASE-RELATIONSHIPS; LIQUID ALLOYS; IRON-ALUMINUM; ION
AB A thermodynamic model for calculating the mass action concentrations of
structural units in Fe-Al binary melts based on the atom-molecule coexistence
theory, i.e., AMCT-N-i model, has been developed and verified through comparing
with the reported activities of both Al and Fe in Fe-Al binary melts in a
temperature from 1 573 K to 1 873 K by different researchers. The calculated mass
action concentration N-Al of Al or N-Fe of Fe can be applied to ideally substitute
the measured activity a(R, Al) of Al or a(R, Fe) of Fe relative to pure liquid
AI(I) or Fe(I) as standard state in Fe-Al binary melts. The following equations
were derived for the activity coefficient of Al in natural logarithmic form In
gamma(Al) and the calculated activity coefficient of Fe in natural logarithmic form
In gamma(Fe) in the temperature range from 1 573 K to 1 873 K.
In gamma(Al)= -3.810+4.476x(Al) 0 < x(Al) <= 0.005, T = 1573 K
In gamma(Fe)= -3.837+6.701x(Fe) 0 < x(Fe) <= 0.005, T = 1573 K
Temperature dependences of the activity coefficient of Al in natural logarithmic
form In gamma(0)(Al), and the calculated activity coefficient of Fe in natural
logarithmic form In gamma(0)(Fe) were given
C1 [Li, Peng-Cheng; Zhang, Jian-Liang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
[Li, Peng-Cheng; Zhang, Jian-Liang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
[Li, Peng-Cheng] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Multiphase Complex Syst, Inst
Proc Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Process
Engineering, CAS
RP Li, PC (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM lipengcheng000@126.com
CR BELTON GR, 1969, T METALL SOC AIME, V245, P113
0229-0
CHUANG YY, 1985, METALL TRANS B, V16, P277, DOI 10.1007/BF02679718
HOFFMAN DW, 1972, METALL TRANS, V3, P3231, DOI 10.1007/BF02661338
Le Bouteiller M., 1977, METALL MATER TRANS B, V1B, P339
Lee YE, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P397, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0116-9
MISRA AK, 1990, METALL TRANS A, V21, P441, DOI 10.1007/BF02782424
SHARMA RC, 1979, METALL TRANS B, V10, P103, DOI 10.1007/BF02653979
Zaitsev AI, 2008, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V20, DOI 10.1088/0953-8984/20/11/114121
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 6
BP 1185
EP 1194
PG 10
GA AJ8US
UT WOS:000337984000002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Isin, DK
Baisanov, SO
Tolymbekov, MZ
Baisanov, AS
Mekhtiev, AD
Isagulov, AZ
Isin, BD
AF Isin, D. K.
Baisanov, S. O.
Tolymbekov, M. Zh
Baisanov, A. S.
Mekhtiev, A. D.
Isagulov, A. Z.
Isin, B. D.
TI FERROCHROMIUM SMELTING TECHNOLOGY
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE silicon; ferrosilicon; metallothermy; charge; reducing agent; electric
smelting; concentrate; coke; silicon; quartzite; iron; ferrochromium;
alloying; basicity; oxide; slag
AB One effective method of reducing the cost of making refined grades of
ferrochromium is the use of inexpensive silicon-aluminum reducing agents obtained
from wastes formed in the coal-mining industry. A silicon-aluminum alloy is used to
reduce chromium ore. In the course of smelting with the complex silicon-aluminum
alloy, melting of the charge materials is accompanied by the reaction of magnesia-
bearing chromium spinel with the aluminum of the reducing agent. The chromium-
magnesia spinel subsequently decomposes. The reaction increases the speed and
completeness of the reduction of chromium from the spinel thanks to the presence of
silicon in the ferrosilicon-aluminum that is used in the process.
C1 [Isin, D. K.; Mekhtiev, A. D.; Isagulov, A. Z.] Karaganda State Tech Univ,
[Baisanov, S. O.; Tolymbekov, M. Zh; Baisanov, A. S.] Abishev Chemicomet Inst,
[Isin, B. D.] Tomsk Natl Polytech Res Univ, Tomsk, Russia.
C3 Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University; Chemical Metallurgical
Institute of Zh.Abishev; Tomsk Polytechnic University
RP Isin, DK (corresponding author), Karaganda State Tech Univ, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
EM mlp.issind@mail.ru
RI Issagulov, Aristotel/C-7415-2016; Baisanov, Alibek/O-5201-2017;
Mekhtiyev, Ali/R-2415-2017
OI Issagulov, Aristotel/0000-0003-2174-9072; Baisanov,
Alibek/0000-0002-3025-7267; Mekhtiyev, Ali/0000-0002-2633-3976; Issin,
Daulet/0009-0000-1436-4962
CR Gasik M. I., 1999, THEORY TECHNOLOGY FE
Karnoukhov V. N., 2001, TECHNOLOGY LOW CARBO
Laykishev N. P., 1999, METALLURGY CHROMIUM
Ryss M.A., 1985, PRODUCTION FERROALLO
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD NOV
PY 2013
VL 57
IS 7-8
BP 682
EP 689
DI 10.1007/s11015-013-9787-9
PG 8
GA 270XI
UT WOS:000328352300017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lin, X
AF Lin, X.
TI Analyses of Aluminum Structures in a Chinese Coal Ash and Its Slag by
STMAS NMR
SO ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
LA English
DT Article
DE coal ash; gasification; mineral; solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance;
structure
ID INTEGER QUADRUPOLAR NUCLEI; MQMAS; MAS
AB Double-quantum filter satellite-transition magic-angle spinning experiments were
tentatively carried out by one high magnetic field solid-state nuclear magnetic
resonance (800 MHz for H-1 Larmor frequency) to analyze the local Al-27 structure
in minerals of coal ash and slag. A high magnetic field offered higher sensitivity
and resolution; hereby, the inconspicuous resonances of satellite-transition magic-
angle spinning were obtained successfully at less stringent conditions. An obvious
single 6-coordinate Al-27 resonance was detected in the low-temperature ash;
structures in pre-molten ashes (as prepared at 815 and 1,000 degrees C) located
relatively integral and symmetric, while Al resonances in the ash prepared at 1,600
degrees C after once completely molten demonstrated discrete and asymmetric
distribution. Moreover, the detailed spatial correlations among various aluminum
species in rapid quenching slag exhibited dispersive T-O-T structures with lower
signal-to-noise ratio of resonances.
C1 China Univ Min & Technol Beijing, Sch Chem & Environm Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
C3 China University of Mining & Technology
RP Lin, X (corresponding author), China Univ Min & Technol Beijing, Sch Chem &
Environm Engn, D11 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM linxiongchao@163.com
CR Amoureux JP, 2005, CHEM COMMUN, P3472, DOI 10.1039/b502840j
Amoureux JP, 2002, CHEM PHYS LETT, V356, P497, DOI 10.1016/S0009-2614(02)00398-6
[Anonymous], 1998, NUCL MAGNETIC RESONA
Antonijevic S, 2006, J AM CHEM SOC, V128, P8054, DOI 10.1021/ja057682g
BURCHILL P, 1991, FUEL, V70, P361, DOI 10.1016/0016-2361(91)90123-R
Font O, 2010, FUEL, V89, P2971, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.11.024
Gan ZH, 2000, J AM CHEM SOC, V122, P3242, DOI 10.1021/ja9939791
Kanehashi K, 2004, ENERG FUEL, V18, P1732, DOI 10.1021/ef040029e
Lin XC, 2012, MAGN RESON CHEM, V50, P289, DOI 10.1002/mrc.3804
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PI PHILADELPHIA
SN 1556-7036
J9 ENERG SOURCE PART A
JI Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff.
PD OCT 2
PY 2013
VL 35
IS 19
BP 1807
EP 1812
DI 10.1080/15567036.2012.717164
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 198UB
UT WOS:000322946700003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wu, XD
Chen, RL
Xiao, B
Wang, ZY
AF Wu Xiaodong
Chen Ruilong
Xiao Bo
Wang Zhongying
BA Xu, JM
BF Xu, JM
TI Study on Non-metal Inclusions in Ultra-low Oxygen Spring Steel During
Process
SO 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PROCESS EQUIPMENT, MECHATRONICS
ENGINEERING AND MATERIAL SCIENCE
SE Applied Mechanics and Materials
LA English
CT International Conference on Process Equipment, Mechatronics Engineering
and Material Science
CY JUN 15-16, 2013
DE High basicity slag; Spring Steel; Inclusion
AB The inclusions in ultra-low oxygen spring steel during process were studied.
Sufficient aluminium was used during tapping. The refining slag has high basicity
and strong reducibility. The total oxygen is only 10x10(-6) in billet and the oxide
inclusions in the steel have finished the transformation during refining and some
complex oxide inclusions are easy to remove at steelmaking temperature. Residual
oxide inclusions in the steel are CaO-MgO-Al2O3 complex inclusions with a
relatively lower melting point, which have a little deform-ability during hot-
working and can improve the fatigue properties of high speed wheel steel
effectively.
C1 [Wu Xiaodong; Chen Ruilong] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Zhenjiang 212013,
[Xiao Bo; Wang Zhongying] Jiangsu Huaigang Iron Steel Croup Co Ltd, Huaian
C3 Jiangsu University
RP Wu, XD (corresponding author), Jiangsu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Zhenjiang
EM wuxd@ujs.edu.cn; starsmote@sina.com; xiaobo1814@163.com;
wang_zhongyin@tom.com
CR [王宇峰 WANG Yufeng], 2006, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V41, P27
Xue Z.L., 2001, IRON STEEL, VVol. 36, ppp. 19
ZHANG Chunhong, 2006, CHINA METALLURGY, V16, p13~15
[赵海民 ZHAO Haimin], 2008, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V43, P66
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 12
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1660-9336
BN 978-3-03785-726-7
J9 APPL MECH MATER
PY 2013
VL 331
BP 508
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.331.508
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials
GA BGU14
UT WOS:000324148600110
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sweet, GA
Ferenczy, S
Caley, WF
Kipouros, GJ
AF Sweet, G. A.
Ferenczy, S.
Caley, W. F.
Kipouros, G. J.
TI Additions of Salt Cake and KAlF4 from Aluminum Production to
Steelmaking Slags
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking; slag; viscosity; fluorspar; mineralogy; salt cake;
potassium fluoroaluminate
ID SECONDARY STEELMAKING
AB Fluorspar, a mineral primarily composed of CaF2 is the most commonly used slag
fluidizer in steelmaking. Due to increasing costs for fluorspar steelmakers are
seeking alternative means of achieving slag fluidity. The research has concentrated
on other minerals or the wastes of other high temperature operating industries. A
promising alternative to fluorspar has been identified in a previous work from this
laboratory which is the salt cake from secondary aluminum production such as the
flux in remelting aluminum scrap and dross. This material is widely available and
also considered toxic (meaning that use in steelmaking helps to reduce
environmental impacts from disposal). The present work is an investigation of the
viability of using mixtures of salt cake and KAlF4 in slag-fluidizing applications
by measurements of viscosity and weight loss at high temperatures (to evaluate
whether large amounts of potentially harmful gases are formed). In addition,
characterization of raw materials and melted slags has been performed. In terms of
fluidity the mixtures of aluminum salt cake and KAlF4 are qualified for use as
fluidizers. The results of the present study will be used to design plant trials.
C1 [Sweet, G. A.; Caley, W. F.; Kipouros, G. J.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3H
4R2, Canada.
[Ferenczy, S.] Steel Dynam Inc, Columbia, IN USA.
C3 Dalhousie University
RP Kipouros, GJ (corresponding author), Dalhousie Univ, F201,1360 Barrington St,
Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
EM georges.kipouros@dal.ca
OI Sweet, Gregory/0000-0002-0567-0025
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
FX The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
is acknowledged for financial support. The Minerals engineering Centre
(MEC) at Dalhousie is also acknowledged for the analyses.
CR [Anonymous], 1981, SLAG ATLAS
Caley W.F., 1999, INT GN PAP S PATR GR, P120
Caley W.F., 2004, AISTECH 2004 NASHV T, VI, P483
Samways N.L., 1985, MAKING SHAPING TREAT, P333
Walker David C., 2010, THESIS DALHOUSIE U H
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 19
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
PD OCT
PY 2012
VL 31
IS 4-5
BP 529
EP 537
DI 10.1515/htmp-2012-0090
PG 9
GA 030RP
UT WOS:000310588100027
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DC
Caley, WF
Ferenczy, S
Kipouros, GJ
AF Walker, D. C.
Caley, W. F.
Ferenczy, S.
Kipouros, G. J.
TI Modification of Steelmaking Slag by Additions of Salts from Aluminum
Production
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking; slag; viscosity; fluorspar; mineralogy
ID SECONDARY STEELMAKING; FLUORSPAR
AB The most common slag fluidiser in steelmaking is fluorspar, a mineral primarily
composed of CaF2. Because of increasing consumption and decreasing availability of
inexpensive fluorspar, steelmakers are seeking alternative means of achieving slag
fluidity. One possible alternative to fluorspar is salt cake from secondary
aluminium production. This salt is obtained from the used flux in remelting
aluminium scrap and dross. This material is widely available and considered toxic
(meaning that use in steelmaking helps to reduce environmental impacts from
disposal). This project is an investigation of salt cake as a replacement for
fluorspar in slag-fluidising applications by viscosity measurements and mass loss
measurements at high temperatures (to evaluate the amounts of gases formed). In
addition, characterisation of raw materials and melted slags by XRD, chemical
analysis, and EPMA have been undertaken. The salt cake addition has a positive
effect on slag fluidity, and shows promise for use in steelmaking slags.
C1 [Walker, D. C.; Caley, W. F.; Kipouros, G. J.] Dalhousie Univ, Halifax, NS B3J
2X4, Canada.
[Ferenczy, S.] Steel Dynam Inc, Columbia City, IN USA.
C3 Dalhousie University
RP Kipouros, GJ (corresponding author), Dalhousie Univ, F201,1360 Barrington St,
Halifax, NS B3J 2X4, Canada.
FU Steel Dynamics Inc.; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada (NSERC)
FX The authors wish to acknowledge Steel Dynamics Inc. for funding and
supplying materials, and Dr. N. Yemenidjian for materials. Also, the
financial support of the National Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (NSERC) is acknowledged and the Minerals engineering
Centre (Dalhousie) for the analyses.
CR Bruckard WJ, 2007, MINER ENG, V20, P1376, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2007.08.020
Caley W.F., 2004, AISTECH, V1, P783
Caley W.F., 1999, INT GN PAP S PATR GR, P120
FRUEHAN RJ, 1985, LADLE METALLURGY PRI
HRYN JN, 2002, TMS ANN M, P1053
Magyar M.J., 1980, 8446 BUR MIN
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.109
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO
PI BERLIN
SN 0334-6455
PD OCT
PY 2012
VL 31
IS 4-5
BP 389
EP 394
DI 10.1515/htmp-2012-0071
PG 6
GA 030RP
UT WOS:000310588100010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Li, Y
Jiang, ZH
Yin, SY
Zhuang, Y
Li, M
AF Li, Yang
Jiang, ZhouHua
Yin, ShiYou
Zhuang, Ying
Li, Ming
BE Zhou, M
TI Formation and Control of Inclusions during Steelmaking Process
SO ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, PTS 1-3
SE Applied Mechanics and Materials
LA English
CT 1st International Conference on Mechanical Engineering
CY APR 03-04, 2011
CL Phuket, THAILAND
DE Inclusion; deoxidation; refining slag; steelmaking
ID BARIUM; ALLOYS
AB The variation of non-metallic inclusions and total oxygen contents in different
steel grades were investigated by taking samples in steelmaking process, including
gear steel, anchor chain steel, hard wire steel, bearing steel and spring steel.
The inclusions mainly were Al2O3, MnS, and their composite inclusions in aluminum
killed steel at the beginning of LF refining due to addition of FeAl alloy during
the tapping from EAF and feeding of Al wire in LF process, and then Al2O3 inclusion
changed to the Al2O3 - CaO composite inclusions after feeding of SiCa wire. The
inclusions at the beginning of LF refining mainly were MnS, SiC and their composite
inclusions in non-aluminum killed steel due to addition of the composite
deoxidation and slagging agents (mainly including CaC2 and SiC) when EAF taping,
while the inclusions in tundish mainly were MnS, CaO - SiO2 - Al2O3 composite oxide
- sulfide inclusions. It is showed that the inclusions in bearing steel and spring
steel samples were mainly globular oxide inclusions and silicate inclusions with
higher rated results. Therefore, the refining process should be improved to remove
globular oxide inclusions. The inclusions in molten steel were controlled by
enhancing the diffusion deoxidation process, adjusting and controlling the basicity
and composition of refining slags, respectively, and satisfactory results were
obtained. The industrial test shows that the total oxygen content of the aluminum
killed steel in the test heat after feeding wire reached the minimum value, which
indicates that the optimized slag has a strong ability of absorbing Al2O3
inclusions. For non-aluminum killed steel, the total oxygen content was 0.0027 % to
0.0029 % in rolled products. The inclusions in the end of refining and rolled
product were small and dispersed composite inclusions, and the separate Al2O3
inclusions can not be found in the non-aluminum killed steel after optimization of
the refining process.
C1 [Li, Yang; Jiang, ZhouHua; Zhuang, Ying; Li, Ming] Northeastern Univ, Sch Mat &
Met, Shenyang, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Yin, ShiYou] Technol Centre Jinan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, Peoples
R China.
RP Li, Y (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Mat & Met, Shenyang,
EM liy@smm.neu.edu.cn; jiangzh@smm.neu.edu.cn; yin-012@163.com;
zyyyykx@qq.com; weilanlm@126.com
OI Li, Ming/0000-0002-4214-6556
Research Funds for the Central Universities [N090402019]
FX The authors acknowledge National Natural Science Foundation of China
(No. 50704010) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (N090402019) for the financial support.
CR Astogi R., 2001, 84 STEELM C P BALT M, P789
Barbie V., 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P286
Li Y, 2003, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V10, P13
Mukai K, 1999, ISIJ INT, V39, P625, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.39.625
Xiao Q. A., 2000, FERROALLOYS, P5
[王立峰 Yu Lifeng], 2004, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V39, P21
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 22
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1660-9336
BN 978-3-03785-077-0
J9 APPL MECH MATER
PY 2011
VL 52-54
BP 1681
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.52-54.1681
PN 1-3
PG 2
SC Engineering
GA BAC28
UT WOS:000303781601033
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Peel, A
Herbert, J
Connaughton, R
Cotton, H
AF Peel, Alan
Herbert, James
Connaughton, Robert
Cotton, Hugh
BE Prasad, A
Taylor, JA
Grandfield, JF
TI Preserving metal units utilising the latest generation of aluminum dross
press
SO ALUMINIUM CAST HOUSE TECHNOLOGY XII
LA English
CT 12th International Conference and Exhibition, on Aluminium Cast House
Technology
CY SEP 11-14, 2011
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
AB The handling of dross is an unfortunate but necessary activity in any aluminum
cast house. One technology designed to cool dross and maximise metal recoveries is
the dross press. Since its introduction to the industry in the mid 1990's this
technology has evolved to meet the demands of the modern cast house and ever more
stringent environmental legislation. This paper describes developments that address
the weaknesses and limitations of early systems and enhancements that have enabled
the cooling of a wide variety of dross types including salt slag from rotary
furnaces. The paper will discuss data and results from the first fully
commercialized installation of a specially designed press for cooling salt slag
from Tilt Type Rotary Furnaces. Finally the paper will look at some of the
economical benefits of using a press through various economic models showing the
positive effect small improvements in dross recoveries can have on plant
profitability.
C1 [Peel, Alan] ALTEK, Castle Donnington, Derby, England.
[Herbert, James] ALTEK LLC, Exton, PA USA.
[Connaughton, Robert; Cotton, Hugh] SIMS Aluminium, Laverton, Australia.
RP Peel, A (corresponding author), ALTEK, Castle Donnington, Derby, England.
CR Crane John J., 1985, LIGHT METALS 1985
Eng P., 1995, LIGHT METALS 1995
Herbert J., 2007, ART DROSS MANAGEMENT
Kos B., 2000, ALUMINIUM, V76, P35
Perry OH, 2000, LIGHT METALS 2000, P675
Peterson Ray D., 2000, RECYCLING METALS ENG
Roth David J., 1995, LIGHT METALS 1995
Stevens Wesley, 2003, ALUMINIUM MALTING DR
Stewart D.L., 2000, RECYCLING METALS ENG
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2011
VL 693
BP 33
EP +
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.693.33
PG 2
Engineering
GA BZS68
UT WOS:000302845200004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, HC
Sun, W
Wang, JJ
Lie, J
Wang, KZ
Wu, J
Zhao, B
AF Wang Haichuan
Sun Wei
Wang Jianjun
Lie Jie
Wang Kaizhong
Wu Jian
Zhao Bin
BE Sang, XM
Wang, PC
Ai, L
Li, YG
Bu, JL
TI Study on smelting high-Al cold heading steel SWRCH6A using Single-slag
Process
LA English
CY JUL 29-31, 2011
DE Single-slag Process; high-aluminum cold heading steel; composition
control; property
AB Based on the actual process for smelting cold heading steel, this article adopts
the single-slag process to smelt the low-carbon, low-silicon and high-alumina cold
heading steel SWRCH6A, so as to study the effect of technological factors of the
smelting process on the change of molten steel component in various working
procedures and steel properties. The results show that, the smelting process
control level for smelting high-Al cold heading steel using single-slag process is
improved, the content change for main elements in the steel, w[Al]t and calcium
treatment effect are stable, w[C] and w[Si] have a close relationship with w[P] and
w[S]. The calcium yield after calcium treatment by single-slag process has a linear
relation with w[Ca], and eta(Ca)=2323.4*w[Ca] -1.040. The maximum calcium yield may
reach 21%. All the mechanical properties of cold heading steel exceed the MLO8Al
standard. The smelting cold heading steel using single-slag process can fully reach
the property requirements for cold heading steel grade.
C1 [Wang Haichuan; Wang Jianjun; Lie Jie] AHUT, Sch Met & Resources, Anhui 243002,
Maanshan, Peoples R China.
[Sun Wei; Wang Kaizhong; Wu Jian; Zhao Bin] Maanshan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Anhui
243000, Maanshan, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, HC (corresponding author), AHUT, Sch Met & Resources, Anhui 243002,
EM which@ahut.edu.cn; wang-jj@ahut.edu.cn
FU National Science & Technology Pillar Program [2007DAE30B01]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge of the financial support of The
National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year
Plan Period (2007DAE30B01)
CR SUN Wei, 2010, STEELMAKING IN PRESS, V26
SUN Wei, 2005, STEELMAKING, V21, P34
Wang Haichuan, 2011, 2011 INT C IN PRESS
WANG Kaizhong, 2006, JIANGXI METALLURGY, V26, P13
Wang M.H., 2004, STEELMAKING, V20, P33
XI Caihong, 2006, JIANGXI METALLURGY, V26, P17
ZHENG Shusheng, 2006, SHANDONG METALLURGY, V28, P11
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 9
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-191-3
PY 2011
VL 284-286
BP 1291
EP +
PN 1-3
PG 2
Science, Composites
GA BZS09
UT WOS:000302669800258
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Hu, JB
Li, YB
Wu, KD
Liu, F
Zhu, QA
Li, YW
AF Hu, Jianbao
Li, Yuanbing
Wu, Kaidao
Liu, Fang
Zhu, Quan
Li, Yawei
BE Jiang, Z
Zhang, CL
TI The Exploration on Synthesis of Calcium Aluminate and Fe-Si Alloys Using
Red Mud and Aluminum Dross
SO MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, PTS 1-5
LA English
CT International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering (ICMSE
2009)
CY DEC 26-28, 2009
CL Zhuhai, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE Red mud; Aluminum dross; Calcium aluminate; Fe-Si alloys
ID WASTE
AB Calcium aluminate and Fe-Si alloys were successfully synthesized by using red
mud and aluminate dross as the main raw materials in the lab-scale experiment.
Three apt experimental parameters were obtained: 1.2 times of theoretical addition
amount of aluminum dross, binary basicity of raw materials 0.9, 40min smelting
time. The chemical compositions of calcium aluminate synthesized meet the standard
of CA-60 cement of China, and the calcium aluminate can be used as pre-melted-slag
in Steelmaking process.
C1 [Hu, Jianbao; Li, Yuanbing; Wu, Kaidao; Liu, Fang; Zhu, Quan; Li, Yawei] Wuhan
Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Ceram & Refractories, Wuhan 430081, Peoples
R China.
RP Li, YB (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab
Ceram & Refractories, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM hjbzsp@yahoo.com.cn; lybref2002@yahoo.com.cn; wukaidao@163.com;
liufanglf20@163.com; zhuguan03@126.com; liyaweiref@hotmail.com
RI li, yuanyuan/GZA-4435-2022
CR Das BR, 2007, MINER ENG, V20, P252, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2006.09.002
*GB, GB2012000
Liu Y, 2007, J HAZARD MATER, V146, P255, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.015
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.08.002
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 10
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-0-87849-280-0
PY 2010
VL 97-101
BP 1104
EP 1108
PN 1-5
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Materials Science, Composites
GA BPT38
UT WOS:000279864700242
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Pribulova, A
Bartosova, M
AF Pribulova, Alena
Bartosova, Marianna
GP SGEM
TI WASTES CREATED IN FOUNDRY AND THEIR TREATMENT
SO SGEM 2008: 8TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE, VOL II, CONFERENCE
PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 8th International Scientific Conference on Modern Management of Mine
Producing, Geology and Environmental Protection
CY JUN 16-20, 2008
CL Sofia, BULGARIA
DE foundry; foundry wastes; used sand mixture; dust; slag
AB The European foundry industry is the third largest in the world for ferrous
castings and the second largest for non-ferrous ones. the annual production of
castings in the enlarged European Union amounts 11.7 million tonnes of ferrous and
2.8 million tonnes of non-ferrous castings.
The foundry industry is a major player in the recycling of metals. steel, cast
iron and aluminium scrap is remelted into new products. The most possible negative
environmental effects of foundries are related to the presence of a thermal process
and the use of mineral additives. environmental effects therefore are mainly
related to the exhaust and off gases and to the re-use of disposal of mineral
residues.
A good segregation of materials is essential to facilitate opportunities for
recovery, recycling and re-Use. Waste should always be recycled or recovered unless
a satisfactory justification has been accepted by the regulator that recovering is
"echnically and economically impossible".
In general, the waste streams comprise:
- raw material dusts collected in bag or cartridge filters
- slag from desulphurisation
- slag from melting
- melting dust and fume collected in a filter plant
- casting dust and fume collected in a filter plant
- fettling dusts collected in a abatement plant
- chips and turnings from fettling
- used abrasives and dust from shot blasting
- refractory.
This contribution deals with dusts created in diffierent steps of foundry
process and with possibilities of their treatment and next utilization.
C1 [Pribulova, Alena; Bartosova, Marianna] Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Met, Dept Ferrous
Met & Foundry, Kosice, Slovakia.
RP Pribulova, A (corresponding author), Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Met, Dept Ferrous Met
& Foundry, Kosice, Slovakia.
RI Pribulova, Alena/B-5666-2013; Bartošová, Marianna/AAA-7642-2020
OI Pribulova, Alena/0000-0002-8682-8380
CR Holtzer M., 2006, ARCH FOUNDRY, V6, P111
PRIBULOVA A, EMMIMA ANAL WASTE OR, P93
2004, INTEGRATED POLLUTION
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU INT SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE SGEM
PI SOFIA
PA 14, KILMENT OHRIDSKY BLVD, SOFIA, 1797, BULGARIA
BN 978-954-91818-1-4
PY 2008
BP 201
EP 208
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mining & Mineral
Processing
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA BNX11
UT WOS:000275797200028
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Park, JH
Lee, YY
AF Park, Joo Hyun
Lee, Yun Yong
BE Kongoli, F
Reddy, RG
TI Formation of spinel phase in the liquid inclusions during stainless
steelmaking processes
SO SOHN INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ADVANCED PROCESSING OF METALS AND
MATERIALS, VOL 2: THERMO AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLES: IRON AND STEEL
MAKING
LA English
CT Sohn International Symposium on Advanced Processing of Metals and
Materials
CY AUG 27-31, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
DE spinet; stainless steel; slag; crystallization; calcium
aluminosilicates; refractory
ID SLAGS; STEEL; DEOXIDATION; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS; AL; 304-STAINLESS-STEEL;
THERMODYNAMICS; FLUORSPAR; BEHAVIOR
AB A history of the research regarding the spinet in the community of the stainless
steels has simply been reviewed, followed by the recent studies for the formation
mechanism of the spinet in the ferritic stainless steel melts equilibrated with the
highly basic slags and the crystallization behavior of spinet phase in the calcium
aluminosilicate melts containing MgO and CaF2 during slow cooling cycles. It has
been proposed that the content of aluminum and calcium in the steel melts as well
as the basicity and the content of MgO and Al2O3 in the slags are quite important
factors affecting the spinet formation in view of the formation mechanism based on
the reduction of MgO (or CaO) and Al2O3 in the slags by the aluminum and silicon
added to deoxidize the molten steel. The use of magnesia refractory was also
recommended. The formation mechanism of spinet from the MgO inclusions readily
formed in the steel melts equilibrated with the highly basic slags has newly been
proposed on the basis of the ionic exchange reactions at the inclusion/metal
interface and the crystal chemistry of oxides. The crystallization behavior of the
spinet phase in the calcium alummosilicate melts was enhanced by the Al2O3 based on
the ionic reaction of spinet formation in the oxide melts, while the size of the
spinet crystals in the oxide melts decreased by addition of CaF2.
C1 [Park, Joo Hyun; Lee, Yun Yong] POSCO, Tech Res Labs, Stainless Steel Res Grp, 5
Dongchon Dong, Pohang 790785, South Korea.
C3 POSCO
RP Park, JH (corresponding author), POSCO, Tech Res Labs, Stainless Steel Res Grp,
5 Dongchon Dong, Pohang 790785, South Korea.
*EC POL, FACTSAGE
Harkness B., 1994, METEC C 94 2 EUR CON, P70
Hojo M., 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P128
Kor G. J. W., 1988, 1 INT CALC TREATM S, p39 14
Livage J, 1997, CERAM INT, V23, P13, DOI 10.1016/0272-8842(95)00133-6
MACKELLAR WJ, 1975, 58 NAT OP HEARTH BAS, P487
Naskar MK, 2004, J EUR CERAM SOC, V24, P3499, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2003.11.029
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.03.109
Park JH, 2004, 7 INT C MOLT FLUX SA, P157
Pauling L., 1960, NATURE CHEM BOND, V3rd, P64
YAMADA K, 1987, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V27, P873
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-635-9
PY 2006
BP 405
EP +
PG 2
GA BFG82
UT WOS:000241805400036
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tanabe, J
AF Tanabe, J
TI Effect of selenium on supersaturation in aluminium deoxidized molten
iron
LA English
DT Article
DE oxygen supersaturation; selenium; steel cleanness; critical
supersaturation ratio
ID LIQUID-IRON; CAO-AL2O3 MELTS; OXYGEN; EQUILIBRIUM; NITROGEN;
THERMODYNAMICS; SULFUR
AB The effect of selenium addition on supersaturation observed in aluminium
deoxidized molten iron was studied at 1873K, by using Fe-Al alloys and CaO-Al2O3
slags in an alumina crucible. Selenium mass content was varied from 0.0005 to
1.81%. In experiments where the samples were rapidly quenched, the contents of
supersaturated oxygen for given aluminium levels were not influenced by the
addition of selenium. However, the effect of selenium addition on supersaturation
was observed for mass contents of more than 0.009% selenium. The selenium
distribution ratio between liquid iron and CaO-Al2O3 slags was determined as a
function of the aluminium content of the melt.
C1 Nippon Inst Technol, Fac Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501,
Japan.
RP Tanabe, J (corresponding author), Nippon Inst Technol, Fac Engn, Dept Mech Engn,
Miyashiro, Saitama 3458501, Japan.
CR CHO SW, 1994, METALL MATER TRANS B, V25, P5, DOI 10.1007/BF02663173
FORWARD G, 1967, J MET, V1, P54
FOSTER E, 1968, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V39, P595
*JAP SOC PROM SCI, 1988, STELLM DAT SOURC
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.75.11_2023
OGINO K, 1973, TESTU HAGANE, V59, P2380
Tanabe J., 1991, THESIS TOKYO I TECH
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 1611-3683
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2006
VL 77
IS 1
BP 21
EP 24
DI 10.1002/srin.200606125
PG 4
GA 016EX
UT WOS:000235604600004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ono-Nakazato, H
Matsui, A
Miyata, D
Usui, T
AF Ono-Nakazato, H
Matsui, A
Miyata, D
Usui, T
TI Effect of aluminum, titanium or silicon addition on nitrogen removal
from molten iron
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrogen removal; steel; CaO-Al2O3-CaF2; nitride capacity; mixed control
model
ID CAO-AL2O3 MELTS; GAS-PHASE; SOLUBILITY; DESORPTION; CAO-SIO2; CARBON
AB There is a limit for lowering nitrogen in steel because of pickup from the
atmosphere during and after degassing. Therefore, nitride capacity of various
fluxes has been measured in order to examine the possibility of the nitrogen
removal by using slag. In this study, nitrogen removal rate from molten iron to
CaO-Al2O3-CaF2 melt has been measured, and the effect of Al, T or Si addition into
the metal has been examined at 1 873 K. From the results, it is found that nitrogen
in molten iron can be removed effectively by the addition of aluminum, titanium, or
silicon. It can be considered that the additives cause the effects on the oxygen
partial pressure and the activity of nitrogen in the metal. For the nitrogen
removal, it is most important to keep the oxygen partial.pressure in the metal
lower to raise the nitrogen distribution ratio. From this point, aluminum is the
most effective of the additives investigated in the present work.
C1 Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Proc, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
C3 Osaka University
RP Ono-Nakazato, H (corresponding author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci
& Proc, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
CR HARADA T, 1989, STEEL RES, V60, P337, DOI 10.1002/srin.198901665
Ishii F., 1982, TETSU TO HAGANE, V68, P1551
*JAP SOC PROM SCI, 1988, 19 COMM STEELM STEEL, P193
MARTINEZ E, 1987, STEEL RES, V58, P485, DOI 10.1002/srin.198700253
Ono-Nakazato H, 2002, METALL MATER TRANS B, V33, P393, DOI 10.1007/s11663-002-
0051-0
ONONAKAZATO H, 2000, ISIJ INT S, V40, pS106
Shimoo T., 1972, J JAPAN I METALS, V36, P723, DOI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.36.8_723
TSUKIHASHI F, 1986, METALL TRANS B, V17, P541, DOI 10.1007/BF02670221
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PI TOKYO
SN 0915-1559
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2003
VL 43
IS 7
BP 975
EP 982
PG 8
GA 703CY
UT WOS:000184263500002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Reuter, MA
Eksteen, JJ
van Schaik, A
AF Reuter, MA
Eksteen, JJ
van Schaik, A
BE Kongoli, F
Itagaki, K
Yamauchi, C
Sohn, HY
TI Pyrometallurgical reactors - Closers of the recycling material cycle
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS PROCESSING: PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES, VOL
1: MATERIALS PROCESSING FUNDAMENTALS AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
CT Yazawa International Symposium on Metallurgical and Materials Processing
CY MAR 02-06, 2003
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
AB Pyrometallurgical reactors constitute a key processing component in the total
primary and secondary resource cycle, being involved both in primary smelting,
converting and extraction, as well as the reprocessing of scrap, from aluminum cans
to end-of-life automobiles. To effectively control the overall resource cycle, one
needs to take a systems modeling approach of the whole cycle, seeking to also
understand the dynamic process behavior of the individual components of the cycle,
and then especially the part that contributes most to the chemical conversion,
namely the pyrometallurgical reactor. This paper highlights the role of
pyrometallurgical thermodynamics, in the whole resource cycle and specifically
places equilibrium thermochemistry in the context of process dynamics where large
variable inventories are recycled or maintained within the system. This paper will
therefore review the semi-empirical dynamic modeling tools, which are used to model
complex systems with the specific goal of developing dynamic predictive models,
which also include slag-alloy chemistry, towards controlling the recycling in a
feed forward manner. To illustrate the primary processing side, high carbon
ferrochrome will be presented as a brief case study. It also will show how the
distributed nature of the chemistry of,melts in the case of primary extraction, and
secondary materials such as recycled end-of-life vehicles, have a significant
impact on the process outcomes and model predictions. It is therefore argued that
the fundamental thermodynamics and kinetics in metallurgical reactors play a final
crucial role in modeling the closed material cycle, but only when it is used in
conjunction with process systems theory based on reconciled data for parameter
estimation and model calibration.
C1 Delft Univ Technol, Dept Appl Earth Sci, NL-2628 RX Delft, Netherlands.
C3 Delft University of Technology
RP Reuter, MA (corresponding author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept Appl Earth Sci,
Mijnbouwstr 120, NL-2628 RX Delft, Netherlands.
RI Reuter, Markus A/D-2839-2015; Eksteen, Jacobus/S-3113-2017
OI Reuter, Markus A/0000-0003-0500-4863; Eksteen,
Jacobus/0000-0002-5433-4845
CR [Anonymous], P 10 IFAC S AUT MIN
[Anonymous], P 22 INT MIN PROC C
Eksteen JJ, 2002, SULFIDE SMELTING 2002, P457
EKSTEEN JJ, 2002, IN PRESS MINERALS EN, V15
GEORGALLI GA, 2002, IN PRESS MINERALS EN, V15
ITAGAKI K., 1983, ADV SULFIDE SMELTING, P119
VANSCHAIK A, 2002, IN PRESS MINERALS EN, V15
YASAWA A, 1960, J MIN METAL I JPN, V76, P559
YAZAWA A, 1979, METALL TRANS B, V10, P307, DOI 10.1007/BF02652501
Yazawa A, 1983, Adv. Sulfide Smelting, V1, P99
YAZAWA A, 1976, EXTRACTIVE METALLURG, P3
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-546-8
PY 2003
BP 1005
EP 1017
PG 13
Engineering; Materials Science, Composites
GA BW58F
UT WOS:000182493000081
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Teppner, R
Schaflinger, U
AF Teppner, R
Schaflinger, U
BE Rein, M
TI Bubble formation on porous media surfaces
SO DROP-SURFACE INTERACTIONS
SE CISM COURSES AND LECTURES
LA English
CT Workshop on Drop-Surface Interactions
CY JUL, 2000
CL INT CTR MECH SCI, UDINE, ITALY
HO INT CTR MECH SCI
AB In metal casting gas purging is used for impurity reduction. The impurities
concentrate on the surface of the gas bubbles and are transported towards the slag
by the ascending bubbles. Therefore, efficient flotation requires an optimal bubble
volume, i.e. an optimal surface size.
In this context it is known that the bubble formation is strongly influenced by
the non-wettability between the porous refractory and the melt. In our experiments
we investigated the air bubble formation on aluminium and teflon surfaces in water.
We studied the influence of non-wettability, surface inclination and surface
roughness on the bubble shape and the bubble volume.
C1 Graz Tech Univ, Inst Fluid Mech & Heat Transfer, Christian Doppler Lab
Continuous Solidificat Proc, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
C3 Graz University of Technology
RP Teppner, R (corresponding author), Graz Tech Univ, Inst Fluid Mech & Heat
Transfer, Christian Doppler Lab Continuous Solidificat Proc, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
CR Kumar R., 1970, Advances in Chemical Engineering, V8, P255, DOI [10.1016/S0065-
2377(08)60186-6, DOI 10.1016/S0065-2377(08)60186-6]
TEPPNER R, 2000, P 9 INT C MOD CAST W, P238
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN
PI VIENNA
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
SN 0254-1971
BN 3-211-83692-6
J9 CISM COUR L
PY 2002
IS 456
BP 291
EP 294
PG 4
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA BW10K
UT WOS:000180884800012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Dekkers, R
Blanpain, B
Wollants, P
Haers, F
Vercruyssen, C
Peeters, L
AF Dekkers, R
Blanpain, B
Wollants, P
Haers, F
Vercruyssen, C
Peeters, L
BE Mishra, B
TI Evolution of non-metallic inclusions in liquid low alloyed aluminium
killed steel
SO EPD CONGRESS 1999
SE EPD CONGRESS
LA English
CT 1999 EPD Congress, at the 1999 TMS Annual Meeting
CY FEB 28-MAR 04, 1999
CL SAN DIEGO, CA
ID OXIDES
AB Non-metallic inclusions in liquid steel are mainly formed during killing. As far
as these particles are not captured by the slag, they are found in the cast steel
where they can deteriorate the mechanical properties, inclusions may also disrupt
the continuous casting process, affecting thus directly the quality of the steel
and the production capacity.
Steel pin samples from the Sidmar plant (Belgium) were taken in different steps
of several ladle treatments and in the tundish. Also slab samples were studied. All
samples concern the same type of low alloyed aluminium killed steel. The non-
metallic inclusions were isolated from the steel matrix and investigated with
scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The evolution of
the non-metallic inclusions is described by their number, size, shape and elemental
composition. The main non-metallic inclusions present are aluminium oxides and
spinel type compounds.
C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat & Met Engn, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
C3 KU Leuven
RP Dekkers, R (corresponding author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat & Met Engn,
W de Croylaan 2, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
OI Blanpain, Bart/0000-0002-5603-3456
CR *ASTM, 1992, ANN BOOK ASTM STAND, P428
BANNENBERG N, 1995, 1995 STEELM C P, P457
DEER WA, 1992, INTRO ROCK FORMING M, V4, P143
DEKKERS R, 1998, 5 INT C PROGR AN CHE, P6
ENGH TA, 1992, PRINCIPLES METAL REF, P19
GLADMAN T, 1992, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V19, P457
JUNGMEIER A, 1993, RADEX RUNDSCH, P369
RIBOUD PV, 1985, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V12, P79
Turkdogan E. T., 1996, FUNDAMENTALS STEELMA, P285
TURKDOGAN ET, 1996, FUNDAMENTALS STEELMA, P268
Wakoh M, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P1014, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.1014
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PI WARRENDALE
SN 1079-7580
BN 0-87339-422-4
J9 EPD CONG
PY 1999
BP 269
EP 277
PG 5
WC Engineering, Chemical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining &
Mineral Processing
SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral
Processing
GA BM95H
UT WOS:000080238500026
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Floyd, JM
Johnson, GA
AF Floyd, JM
Johnson, GA
BE Gaballah, I
Hager, J
Solozabal, R
TI The design of the Ausmelt Technology smelting unit for the processing of
spent pot lining (SPL) at Portland Aluminium
SO REWAS'99 GLOBAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECYCLING, WASTE TREATMENT AND CLEAN
TECHNOLOGY VOLUME I-III
LA English
CT Global Symposium on Recycling, Waste Treatment and Clean Technology
CY SEP 05-09, 1999
CL SAN SEBASTIAN, SPAIN
AB Ausmelt, in conjunction with Alcoa of Australia, has developed a process to
treat the aluminium plant hazardous waste, spent pot lining (SPL). Development
began in 1992 when the first exploratory testwork was carried out in Ausmelt's
Dandenong pilot plant. The first large scale experimental plant was established in
1997 at the Portland Aluminium smelter in Victoria, Australia. The process
developed incorporates high temperature (1200-1300 degrees C) processing of SPL in
the presence of a slag and in contact with water vapour in the Ausmelt Top
Submerged Lancing reactor to facilitate safe destruction of toxic components.
Fluoride present in the SPL reacts to produce HF gas, at a relatively high
concentration in the offgas. This gas is amenable to processing for further
production of valuable aluminium or hydrogen fluoride products.
This paper describes the SPL Process from the initial pilot plant scale testwork
to the design of Portland Aluminium's large-scale experimental SPL plant
incorporating core items of Ausmelt Technology equipment.
Aspects of the design with particular reference to process operability and
environmental integrity are detailed.
C1 Ausmelt Ltd, Dandenong, Vic 3175, Australia.
RP Floyd, JM (corresponding author), Ausmelt Ltd, ACN 005 884 355,12 Kitchen Rd,
Dandenong, Vic 3175, Australia.
CR Floyd JM, 1996, HOWARD WORNER INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INJECTION IN
PYROMETALLURGY, P417
FLOYD JM, 1984, SIROSMELT 1ST 10 YEA, P1
FLOYD JM, 1993, HIGH INTENSITY PYROM
JEPPE CP, 1999, LIGHT MET S 96 MONTR
LIGHTFOOT BW, 1985, SMELT REF OP S AUSTR, P69
Matusewicz R. W, 1992, P 1992 INC C ALB U C, P771
MATUSEWICZ RW, 1996, 2 INT S EXTR PROC TR
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI WARRENDALE
BN 84-923445-6-3
PY 1999
BP 1005
EP 1014
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BQ57D
UT WOS:000088804300103
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Hoberg, H
Wolf, S
Meier-Kortwig, J
AF Hoberg, H
Wolf, S
Meier-Kortwig, J
BE Gaballah, I
Hager, J
Solozabal, R
TI Modelling the material flow of recycling processes for aluminium alloys
by means of technical recycling quotas
LA English
CY SEP 05-09, 1999
AB The amount of aluminium alloys used for different applications such as cars,
packaging or buildings has risen considerably during the past 20 years. This will
effect a growing amount of scrap being available for recycling in the future.
The special properties of the metal aluminium require sophisticated processing
of different types of aluminium containing material prior to re-melting and
refining. Aluminium and other materials in composites have to be liberated and
afterwards separated from each other. Moreover, residues deriving from the re-
melting and refining process such as salt slag or dress have to be treated.
Within a collaborative research centre sponsored by the DFG (Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft) a model is set up which includes the different types of
processes in use for recycling of aluminium containing material. The efficiency of
the recycling process is determined by the properties of the material to be
recycled and the technology used. A technical recycling quota based on metal yield
was defined as a tool for measuring the efficiency of the recycling process.
The model helps to identify losses of metallic aluminium during the recycling
process and thus gives hints on ideas for processes or process steps which may be
improved or altered. Based on data collected in Germany the structure of the model
can well be transferred to other countries.
C1 Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Mineral Proc Coking & Briquetting, D-5100 Aachen,
Germany.
RP Hoberg, H (corresponding author), Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Mineral Proc
Coking & Briquetting, D-5100 Aachen, Germany.
CR ALKER K, 1992, ERZMETALL, V45
*EAA REC COMM, STUD EAA REC COMM RE
*FRAUNH I MAT LOG, 1993, ABT VERP SYST AL THE
HOBERG H, 1998, SFB WORKSH METH ASP
ROMBACH G, 1996, ZIELE NACHHALTIGER P
WOLF S, 1997, 4 CETEM AACH WORKSH
*WORLDW I, 1992, AL REAL TAB
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
BN 84-923445-6-3
PY 1999
BP 1023
EP 1033
PG 3
GA BQ57D
UT WOS:000088804300105
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shevchenko, VG
Volkov, VL
Kononenko, VI
Zakharova, GS
Chupova, IA
AF Shevchenko, VG
Volkov, VL
Kononenko, VI
Zakharova, GS
Chupova, IA
TI Effect of sodium and potassium polyvanadates on aluminum-powder
oxidation
SO COMBUSTION EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES
LA English
DT Article
AB The effect of polyvanadates and vanadium oxide bronzes of alkali metals on
aluminum-powder oxidation has been studied by thermogravimetry and x-ray phase
analysis. The macromechanism of promotion of aluminum oxidation in which the
catalytically active component is melted Na2AlxV12O31 has been established. It is
shown that the intermediate product of vanadium-containing slag processing can be
used as an activator.
RP Shevchenko, VG (corresponding author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST SOLID CHEM,URAL
DIV,EKATERINBURG 620219,RUSSIA.
CR Breitler A.L., 1990, FIZ GOREN VZRYVA, V26, P97
MALTSEV VM, 1989, REPUBLICAN INTERDEPA, V32, P77
POKHIL PF, 1972, COMBUSTION POWDERED
ROMODINOVA LD, 1968, FIZ GOREN VZRYVA, V4, P330
VOLKOV VL, 1987, INSERTION PHASES BAS
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA CONSULTANTS BUREAU, 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0010-5082
J9 COMBUST EXPLO SHOCK+
JI Combust. Explos.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 1996
VL 32
IS 4
BP 436
EP 438
DI 10.1007/BF01998494
PG 3
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA XH748
UT WOS:A1996XH74800016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Keum, CH
Shin, HK
Park, JM
Jung, JY
AF Keum, CH
Shin, HK
Park, JM
Jung, JY
GP IRON & STEEL SOC
TI Development of a new slag cut method during bof tapping
SO 79TH STEELMAKING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
SE STEELMAKING PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 79th Steelmaking Conference
CY MAR 24-27, 1996
CL PITTSBURGH, PA
AB During tapping in converter, considerable amounts of steelmaking slag is
inevitably carried over with molten steel into the teeming ladle. The carried over
converter slag with high oxygen potential incurs many deleterious effects, for
example, low recovery of aluminium, reversion of phosphorus, reoxidation of molten
steel, and so on. Therefore In order to prevent the slag carryover, various cut
methods have been proposed end tried in a real operation. In Kwangyang steelworks,
POSCO, many attempts such as taphole plug, slag cut ball, pneumatic slag stopper,
and slag detection system have been employed.
The aim of this present work is to offer a new method of gas impinging on top of
the bath surface as a reliable slag/steel separation technique. For this purpose,
water model experiments were conducted to simulate the vortex behavior during
drainage, and also the configurations of cavity formed by gas impinging were
calculated. As a result of plant trials, a volume of slag carryover was decreased
to 40-60% compared with conventional operation.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IRON & STEEL SOC AIME
PI WARRENDALE
PA 410 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086
SN 0896-0429
BN 1-886362-11-4
J9 STEEL PROC
PY 1996
VL 79
BP 71
EP 78
PG 8
GA BJ01K
UT WOS:A1996BJ01K00010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU HAMMERSCHMID, P
JANKE, D
AF HAMMERSCHMID, P
JANKE, D
TI INVESTIGATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF REOXIDATION-FREE CASTING FLUXES
SO STAHL UND EISEN
LA German
DT Article
ID POWDERS; STEEL
AB Investigations for the improvement of steel oxidic cleanliness. Development of
reoxidation-free casting fluxes. Melting behaviour of suitable oxide and fluoride
mixtures. Investigation of the reoxidation of an aluminium-killed pure iron melt.
Viscosity behaviour of the slag mixtures developed. Glass formation in slags.
Al2O3 pick-up, submerged nozzle wear and costs of the new reoxidation-free casting
flux. Comparison of the chemical composition and properties of industrially used
continuous casting fluxes and of the new reoxidation-free casting flux.
RP HAMMERSCHMID, P (corresponding author), MAX PLANCK INST IRON RES,MET ABT,W-4000
DUSSELDORF,GERMANY.
CR BARTON CJ, 1959, ORNL2548, P30
DO TT, 1985, STEEL RES, V56, P609, DOI 10.1002/srin.198500698
GANITS T, 1979, ZH NEORG KHIM+, V24, P260
HAMMERSCHMID P, 1991, IN PRESS STEEL RES
HEINEN KH, 1990, STAHL EISEN, V110, P107
JANKE D, Patent No. 41037987
Kishi T., 1987, NIPPON STEEL TECH RE, P11
LINDENBERG HU, 1987, MOLD POWDERS CONTINU, P53
NAFZIGER RH, 1975, HIGH TEMP SCI, V7, P179
NAKATO H, 1987, MOLD POWDERS CONTINU, P23
PLUSCHKELL W, 1981, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V52, P85, DOI 10.1002/srin.198104901
ROAKE WE, 1957, J ELECTROCHEM SOC, V104, P662
SCHEEL R, 1987, STAHL EISEN, V107, P781
SORIMACHI K, 1982, FACHBER HUTTENPRAXIS, V20, P224
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PI DUSSELDORF
SN 0340-4803
J9 STAHL EISEN
JI Stahl Eisen
PD SEP 13
PY 1991
VL 111
IS 9
BP 97
EP 100
PG 4
GA GH223
UT WOS:A1991GH22300009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU MARCHANT, DD
GRIFFIN, CW
BATES, JL
AF MARCHANT, DD
GRIFFIN, CW
BATES, JL
TI ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION OF IRON-MAGNESIUM-ALUMINUM SPINEL IN MOLTEN
POTASSIUM-SALTS AND COAL SLAG
SO AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
RP MARCHANT, DD (corresponding author), BATTELLE MEM INST,DEPT MAT,RICHLAND,WA
99352, USA.
CR BATES JL, 1978, 17TH P S ENG ASP MAG
BATES JL, 1976, BNWL20043 PAC NW LAB
CADOFF LH, 1978, 17TH P S ENG ASP MAG
CADOFF LH, 1978, 4TH US USSR C MAGN E, P689
FREDERIKSE HPR, 1976, 15TH P S ENG ASP MAG
Hansen M., 1958, Constitution of Binary Alloys, DOI DOI 10.1149/1.2428700
HOSLER WR, 1976, DEV TESTING EVALUATI
KAISER GA, 1981, AM CERAM SOC COMM, pC2
Levin E.M., 1969, PHASE DIAGRAMS CER S
LEVIN EM, 1975, PHASE DIAGRAMS CER S
MARCHANT DD, 1983, AM CERAM SOC COMM, pC99
MARCHANT DD, 1980, PNL3627 PAC NW LAB
MARCHANT DD, 1978, 17TH P S ENG ASP MAG
SCHNEIDER SJ, 1978, OPEN CYCLE MAGNETOHY, P535
SMIRNOV MV, 1966, ELECTROCHEM MOL, V3, P61
1978, DOE FE224816 WEST EL
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CERAMIC SOC
PI WESTERVILLE
PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136
SN 0002-7812
J9 AM CERAM SOC BULL
JI Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull.
PY 1984
VL 63
IS 4
BP 619
EP 627
PG 9
GA SP807
UT WOS:A1984SP80700014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU SHPITSBE.VM
GREBTSOV, YG
KLYUYEV, MM
MEDOVAR, BI
AF SHPITSBE.VM
GREBTSOV, YG
KLYUYEV, MM
MEDOVAR, BI
TI REACTION BETWEEN ALUMINIUM AND TITANIUM DISSOLVED IN CHROMIUM-NICKEL
MELTS AND CAF2-CAO SLAG DURING ELECTROSLAG REMELTING
SO RUSSIAN METALLURGY-METALLY-USSR
LA English
DT Article
CR Cherkasov P. A., 1967, IZV AN SSSR M, P49
CHERKASOV PA, 1967, RUSS METALL-METALL-U, P22
CHIPMAN J, 1959, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
COUGHLIN JP, 1954, 542 US BUR MIN B WAS
ELYUTIN VP, 1957, PROIZVODSTVO FERROSP, P90
HILLERT L, 1965, ACTA CHEM SCAND, V19, P1516, DOI 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.19-
1516
KLYUYEV MM, 1967, IZV VUZ S
KUBASHEVSKIY O, 1959, METALLURGISCHE THERM
LEVIN EM, 1956, PHASE DIAGRAMS CERAM
MALKIN VI, 1966, RUSS METALL+, P92
MALKIN VI, 1966, IZV AKAD NAUK SSSR M, P166
MEDOVAR BI, 1960, AVTOMATICHESKAYA SVA
MEYSSON N, 1965, REV METALLURGE FRANC, V62, P11
SCHENK H, 1962, EISENHUTTENWESEN, P7
SHPITSBERG VM, 1969, IZV AN SSSR, P67
TOROPOV NA, 1965, DIAGRAMMY SOSTOYANIY
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI NEW YORK
J9 RUSS METALL-METALL-U
PY 1969
IS 5
BP 44
EP &
PG 0
GA J5553
UT WOS:A1969J555300013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU ZHALYBIN, VI
MALINOVS.EI
ZHALYBIN.VD
PANCHENK.IP
AF ZHALYBIN, VI
MALINOVS.EI
ZHALYBIN.VD
PANCHENK.IP
TI SATURATION OF STEEL WITH HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN WHEN MELTED WITH SLAGS
BASED ON LIME AND ALUMINIUM OXIDE
LA English
DT Article
CR BOGATENKOV VF, 1961, FIZIKOKHIMICHESKIE O, P195
GULTYAI II, 1962, IZVEST AN SSSR MT
MENUSHENKOV PP, 1963, B TSIIN CHM
MIKHAILIKOV SV, 1964, IZVEST AN SSSR TMGD
SHALIMOV AG, 1962, IZVEST AN SSSR MT
ZHALYBIN VI, 1966, STAL, P235
ZHALYBIN VI, 1963, B TSIIN CHM
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
J9 STAL ENGL
PY 1966
IS 3
BP 202
EP &
PG 0
GA 86115
UT WOS:A19668611500018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Elwan, RL
El-Kheshen, AA
Youness, RA
Taha, MA
AF Elwan, R. L.
El-Kheshen, Amany A.
Youness, Rasha A.
Taha, Mohammed A.
TI Exploitation of ladle furnace iron slag for semiconductor borosilicate
glass production
LA English
DT Article
DE Ladle furnace slag; Borosilicate glass; Glass ceramic; Optical and
magnetic properties; Electrical properties
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ALUMINOSILICATE
GLASSES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CERAMICS; MANGANESE;
DIAMAGNETISM; COMPOSITES; TAILINGS
AB The supply consumption of ladle furnace slag (LFS) is a prominence of recent
researches and is extensively considered. In this work LFS has the potential to be
utilized as the main raw material for producing glass and glass-ceramics because of
its chemical compositions similarities to the silicate glass materials. Three
borosilicate glass samples were produced via melting - quenching technique. The
three samples contained 10, 20, 30 wt % of slag waste materials, respectively. The
second sample was heat treated at 625 degrees C, guiding by DTA studies, for 2, 6,
10, or 15 h. XRD studies showed traces precipitation of Ca(Mg,Al) (Si,Al)2O6
(diopside), Sodium Aluminum Silicate (NaAlSiO4), Sodium Aluminum Borate
(Na2Al2B2O7) and Clinoenstatite (MgSiO3) phases. FTIR analysis demonstrated the
same functional groups through glass and glass ceramics sample confirming that all
prepared samples had the same structure. Ferrimagnetism property of a glass sample
and its glass ceramic sample derivative was confirmed by vibrating sample
magnetometer (VSM) analysis. Vickers microhardness and fracture toughness results
indicated noticeable rising in toughness value and decreasing of hardness after
using 100 g load by increasing slag percent in glass samples. The glass ceramic
sample had little change, in hardness and toughness values, rather than its
corresponding glass sample due to its lower crystallization behavior. The low
dielectric constant values are very good indication for the availability of using
these type of glass for electronic applications. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(XPS) studies indicate that manganese ions are found as MnO in both glass and glass
ceramic samples.
C1 [Elwan, R. L.; El-Kheshen, Amany A.] Natl Res Ctr, Glass Res Dept, El Bohouth
St,PO 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
[Youness, Rasha A.] Natl Res Ctr, Spect Dept, El Bohouth St,PO 12622, Cairo,
Egypt.
[Taha, Mohammed A.] Natl Res Ctr, Solid State Phys Dept, El Bohouth St,POB
12622, Cairo, Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC); Egyptian
Knowledge Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC); Egyptian Knowledge
Bank (EKB); National Research Centre (NRC)
RP Elwan, RL (corresponding author), Natl Res Ctr, Glass Res Dept, El Bohouth St,PO
12622, Cairo, Egypt.
EM r.lotfy2000@gmail.com
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NR 82
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD DEC 1
PY 2023
VL 49
IS 23
BP 37680
EP 37690
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.09.094
PN A
PG 11
GA W9WB8
UT WOS:001095051000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JC
Su, ZJ
Xu, JM
Zhang, YB
AF Liu, Jicheng
Su, Zijian
Xu, Jiamei
Zhang, Yuanbo
TI Thermal storage performance of NaNO3/cordierite-mullite
ceramic (CMC) composites deriving from metallurgical slag
LA English
DT Article
DE Industrial solid waste; Cordierite-mullite ceramic; Thermal energy
storage; NaNO3
ID PHASE-CHANGE MATERIAL; SOLAR POWER-PLANTS; ENERGY-STORAGE; WASTE; NANO3
AB Although inorganic salts are considered outstanding thermal storage materials,
drawbacks such as low thermal conductivity, corrosion issues, and leakage severely
hinder their practical industrial application. Porous ceramics are suitable to
serve as the supporting skeleton for inorganic salt due to good corrosion
resistance, high thermal conductivity and high porosity. In this study, secondary
aluminum dross (SAD) and ferronickel slag (FNS) were used as raw materials to
prepare cordierite-mullite porous ceramic (CMC). The NaNO3/CMC composites were
synthesized using spontaneous melting-infiltrating method, and their thermal
storage performance were studied in detail. The results indicated that CMC had a
favorable pore structure with high porosity and micro-sized pores, as well as high
compressive strength exceeding 30 MPa. Excellent chemical compatibility between CMC
and NaNO3 was demonstrated by XRD analysis. The latent heat of the NaNO3/CMC5,
NaNO3/CMC15 and NaNO3/CMC30 composites, as determined by DSC, were 76.4 J/g, 76.7
J/g and 73.6 J/g, respectively, accounting for 43.5%,43.6% and 41.9% of pure NaNO3.
The supercooling of NaNO3 was significantly decreased after infiltration into CMC
supporting skeleton. A 100-cycle thermal cycles experiment was conducted to verify
the long-term thermal reliability of the NaNO3/CMC composites, including latent
heat and heat transfer property. The melting latent heat of the NaNO3/CMC5,
NaNO3/CMC15 and NaNO3/CMC30 decreased by nearly 5.6%, 3.7% and 2.9%, respectively,
after 100 thermal cycling tests, indicating the NaNO3/CMC composites had good
thermal reliability. The thermal conductivity of all the NaNO3/CMC composites
exceeded 1.8 W m(-1) K-1 at 350 degrees C. Additionally, the compressive strength
of all the composites showed only minimal decrease after thermal cycling test,
remaining higher than 100 MPa. The NaNO3/CMC composites offer promising prospects
in the medium temperature thermal storage utilization field, such as industrial
waste heat recovery, owing to low production cost, high thermal conductivity and
high mechanical strength.
C1 [Liu, Jicheng; Su, Zijian; Xu, Jiamei; Zhang, Yuanbo] Cent South Univ, Sch
Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yuanbo] Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn, Changsha 410083,
RP Zhang, YB (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
EM sintering@csu.edu.cn
FU Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province [2020JJ5745]; fundamental
Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University
[2021zzts0293]
FX <BOLD>Acknowledgements</BOLD> The authors would express heartful thanks
to the support by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.
2021JJ30858) , Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.
2020JJ5745) and the fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities
of the Central South University (No. 2021zzts0293) .
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NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD DEC 1
PY 2023
VL 49
IS 23
BP 38094
EP 38102
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.09.139
PN A
PG 9
GA X5OV9
UT WOS:001098951300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Patel, DS
Nayak, RK
AF Patel, Dheerendra Singh
Nayak, Ramesh Kumar
TI Blast Furnace Slag as an Alternative to Silica Sand for A356 Alloy
Casting-Feasibility Study
LA English
DE granulated blast furnace slag; response surface methodology; silica
sand; surface roughness; recyclability
ID FLY-ASH; ALUMINUM; FLUIDITY
AB The objective of this investigation is to assess the feasibility of substituting
commercial-grade silica sand (CGSS) with granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) for
green mold casting process. Central composite design of response surface
methodology (RSM) is used to optimize mold constituents of the GBFS mold. The RSM
model predicted the optimal GBFS mold constituents to be 4 wt% moisture and
approximate to 13 wt% bentonite for achieving the desired mold properties. The GBFS
mold properties such as mold hardness, permeability number, compressive strength,
compatibility, and shear strength, were evaluated and found to be 94, 224, 1.4
kg/cm2 (0.136 MPa), and 0.5 kg/cm2 (0.037 MPa), respectively. Subsequently, a
laboratory trial of metal casting was conducted to cast aluminum-silicon alloy
(A356) using both GBFS and CGSS mold. The surface roughness, hardness, tensile
strength and microstructure are examined and compared between GBFS and CGSS mold
casting. The results revealed that the GBFS mold is indeed suitable for A356 alloy
casting. However, its recyclability and sustainability in industrial scale casting
process need to be evaluated and comprehend its commercial potential as an
alternative to CGSS for non-ferrous casting.
C1 [Patel, Dheerendra Singh; Nayak, Ramesh Kumar] Maulana Azad Natl Inst Technol,
Dept Mat & Met Engn, Bhopal, India.
Engn, Bhopal, India.
EM rameshkumarnayak@gmail.com
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10.3390/MET12060987]
Zaretskiy L, 2016, INT J METALCAST, V10, P88, DOI 10.1007/s40962-015-0005-3
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD 2023 NOV 21
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s40962-023-01201-8
EA NOV 2023
PG 18
GA Y4TO8
UT WOS:001105203900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kaliyannan, P
Seikh, AH
Kalam, MA
Venkatesh, R
AF Kaliyannan, Periasamy
Seikh, A. H.
Kalam, M. A.
Venkatesh, R.
TI Fabrication and Characteristics Study of Aluminium Alloy Hybrid
Nanocomposite Synthesized with SiC and Waste Metal Powder
SO SILICON
LA English
DE Aluminum alloy; SiC; Stir casting; Characteristics; Waste recycle
ID SCRAP
AB The utilization of aluminium and magnesium-based alloy materials are ranked as
one and two positions for the various lightweight applications due to their
enhanced physic-mechanical characteristics compared to other metals. This research
is an attempt to fabricate the aluminium alloy (Al-Si) alloy hybrid nanocomposite
by using 20wt% of waste aluminium alloy scrap recycled metal powder particle via
stir casting technique, and its characteristics are enhanced by the additions of 3,
6, and 9wt% of silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticle. The synthesized aluminium alloy,
nano, and hybrid nanocomposite are subjected to physical, microstructural, and
mechanical characteristics study. The density of the composite obeys the rule of
mixture and increases progressively. The surface morphology revealed a homogenous
distribution with little slag and agglomerated particle formation. The HNC2 hybrid
nanocomposite (Al-Si/20wt% waste metal powder/6wt% SiC) offered high microhardness
(74.21 +/- 1.85HV), impact strength (12.98 +/- 0.17 J/mm2), and tensile strength
(148 +/- 1.42 MPa) and elongation percentage (12.8%). The optimum value of the HNC2
sample was suggested for automotive alloy wheel applications.
C1 [Kaliyannan, Periasamy] Kongunadu Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Trichy
621215, Tamilnadu, India.
[Seikh, A. H.] King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Mech Engn Dept, Riyadh 11421, Saudi
Arabia.
[Kalam, M. A.] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, FEIT, Ultimo, NSW
2007, Australia.
[Venkatesh, R.] Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept
Mech Engn, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India.
C3 Kongunadu College of Engineering & Technology; King Saud University;
University of Technology Sydney; Saveetha Institute of Medical &
Technical Science; Saveetha School of Engineering
RP Venkatesh, R (corresponding author), Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS,
Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Chennai 602105, Tamilnadu, India.
EM rk.periyasamy@gmail.com; asifulhs.dr@hotmail.com;
makalam.phd@outlook.com; venkidsec@gmail.com
RI R, Venkatesh/ABF-4498-2021
OI R, Venkatesh/0000-0002-9057-8185
FU The authors would like to acknowledge the Researchers Supporting Project
number (RSP2023R373), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[RSP2023R373]; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Researchers Supporting Project
number (RSP2023R373), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
SN 1876-990X
EI 1876-9918
J9 SILICON-NETH
JI Silicon
PD 2023 OCT 24
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s12633-023-02727-6
EA OCT 2023
PG 9
GA W3GB1
UT WOS:001090534400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Jiao, SY
Guo, PY
Chen, FC
Min, Y
Liu, CJ
AF Jiao, Shiyan
Guo, Peiyao
Chen, Feichi
Min, Yi
Liu, Chengjun
TI Molecular Dynamics Analysis of the Structural Behavior of Aluminum Ion
in the Slag of
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Li2O System
LA English
DE bond angles; bond lengths; melt structures; molecular dynamics
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; FURNACE TYPE SLAGS; MQ-MAS NMR; MOLD FLUXES;
CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS; ALUMINOSILICATE GLASSES; AL2O3/SIO2 RATIO;
VISCOSITY; SIMULATION; RAMAN
AB In the study of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Li2O system slag, molecular dynamics simulations
are performed to analyze the behavior of Al3+ at different alkalinities. The
results show that the Al-O bond length increases with increasing alkalinity and is
unstable compared to the Si-O bond. The [AlO4](5-) tetrahedra are less stable than
the [SiO4](4-) tetrahedra. The higher the alkalinity, the shorter the Al-O bonds
and the longer the Ca-O bonds, thus destroying the aluminum-oxygen ionophore.
Increasing alkalinity converts complex structures into simpler ones, such as Al-O-
Al, bringing the O-Al-O bond angles closer to the ideal tetrahedron. Reduced slag
polymerization increases the distance between neighboring [AlO4](5-) tetrahedra,
thereby increasing the Al-O-Al bond angles. The [SiO4](4-) tetrahedra prefer to
bond with the [AlO4](5-) tetrahedra. The change in Si-O-Al is less than that of Si-
O-Si. The dissociation of CaO provides the O2-, which allows the depolymerization
of Si-O-Si to form nonbridging oxygen Si-O, whereas the depolymerization of Si-O-Al
occurs when alkalinity is sufficient to form the Si-O and Al-O bonds. The [AlO4]
(5-) tetrahedra are more likely to bond with [AlO4](5-) tetrahedra than [AlO4](5-)
tetrahedra.
C1 [Jiao, Shiyan; Guo, Peiyao; Chen, Feichi; Min, Yi; Liu, Chengjun] Northeastern
Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Ores, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
[Jiao, Shiyan; Guo, Peiyao; Chen, Feichi; Min, Yi; Liu, Chengjun] Northeastern
Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Min, Yi] State Key Lab Met Mat Marine Equipment & Applicat, Anshan 114021,
RP Min, Y (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet
Ores, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
EM miny@mail.neu.edu.cn
OI Min, Yi/0000-0002-8703-1621; Jiao, Shiyan/0009-0002-7796-4214
FU This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grant no. 51974075). The authors gratefully acknowledge the
supports. [51974075]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
China (grant no. 51974075). The authors gratefully acknowledge the
supports.
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NR 79
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD 2023 OCT 15
PY 2023
AR 2300310
DI 10.1002/srin.202300310
EA OCT 2023
PG 13
GA U4WO2
UT WOS:001084820800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kerber, F
Bachhold, N
Malczyk, P
Schemmel, T
Jansen, H
Aneziris, CG
AF Kerber, Florian
Bachhold, Nora
Malczyk, Piotr
Schemmel, Thomas
Jansen, Helge
TI Phase analysis of complex non-metallic inclusions in Al-deoxidized
42CrMo4 steel after contact with MgO-C refractories
SO OPEN CERAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-metallic inclusions; Phase analysis; EBSD; Complex inclusions
ID MGO-CENTER-DOT-AL2O3 SPINEL INCLUSIONS; MOLTEN STEEL; ALUMINA
INCLUSIONS; LIQUID STEEL; REOXIDATION; AL2O3; DEOXIDATION; SLAG;
DISSOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY
AB This study extensively investigated characteristic non-metallic inclusions in
oxidized and deoxidized 42CrMo4 steel after contact to MgO-C refractories,
proposing possible formation and modification mechanisms of nonmetallic inclusions.
The structures and compositions of different inclusion species were analyzed,
revealing various types: crystalline, amorphous, and complex inclusions containing
both crystalline and amorphous phases. The latter always consisted of an amorphous
Mn-Si-Al-O matrix containing various crystalline phases such as Al2O3, MnAl2O4
and/or MnTiO3. The formation of amorphous Mn-Si-Al-O inclusions was attributed to
steel melt oxidation, while pure crystalline corundum inclusions resulted from both
the steel melt oxidation and deoxidation. Alumina inclusions exhibited different
shapes, likely because of variations in aluminum and oxygen supersaturation in the
steel melt during their formation. Complex inclusions were suggested to form
through precipitation on existing inclusions and mutual collision of pre-existing
inclusions, facilitated by the non-wetting behavior of solid alumina inclusions in
the steel melt.
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Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Ceram Refractories & Composite Mat, Agr Str 17, D-
09599 Freiberg, Germany.
[Schemmel, Thomas; Jansen, Helge] Refratech Steel GmbH, Res & Dev, Seestern 5,
D-40547 Dusseldorf, Germany.
C3 Technical University Freiberg
RP Kerber, F (corresponding author), Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Ceram
Refractories & Composite Mat, Agr Str 17, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.
EM florian.kerber@ikfvw.tu-freiberg.de
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NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2666-5395
J9 OPEN CERAM
JI Open Ceram.
PD DEC
PY 2023
VL 16
AR 100481
DI 10.1016/j.oceram.2023.100481
EA OCT 2023
PG 9
GA X5BH9
UT WOS:001098596700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, Y
Shang, GH
Zhang, LP
Li, SY
Guo, HJ
AF Yan, Yan
Shang, Guang-hao
Zhang, Li-ping
Li, Shao-ying
Guo, Han-jie
TI A deoxidation thermodynamic model for 304 stainless steel considering
multiple-components coupled reactions
LA English
DE Complex deoxidation; Thermodynamic model; Ion and molecule coexistence
theory; 304 stainless steel; Slag-steel reaction
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; PITTING CORROSION; SLAG METAL; EQUILIBRIUM; KINETICS;
ALUMINUM; SULFUR; SI; DESULFURIZATION; TEMPERATURES
AB A thermodynamic model for predicting the equilibrium oxygens of 304 stainless
steel was developed based on the theory of slag-steel equilibrium, the law of mass
conservation, and the ion and molecule coexistence theory. In the developed model,
the Fe-Cr-Mn-Si-Al-S-O-melts reaction system and CaO-MgO-CaF2-FeO-MnO-Al2O3-SiO2-
Cr2O3 slags were considered. The oxygen contents calculated by the model are in
good agreement with experimental results and reference data. The equilibrium oxygen
contents in 304 stainless steel mainly decrease with increasing binary basicity
(w(CaO)/w(SiO2)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \
usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \
usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\
oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$w_{{({\text{CaO}})}} /w_{{({\text{SiO}}_{2}
)}}$$\end{document}, where w(i) is the mass percentage of component i) and
decreasing temperature. Controlling binary basicity at 2.0 while maintaining
temperatures lower than 1823 K will keep the oxygen contents in the 304 stainless
steel lower than 15 x 10-6. The equilibrium oxygen contents may also be decreased
with increasing content of MgO in slags, which is more significant at lower binary
basicity. Besides, a small amount of FeO, MnO, and Al2O3 (about 0-2.5 wt.%) in
slags has little effect on equilibrium oxygen contents. Furthermore, it is found
that the [C]-[O] reaction may occur during refining process but will not
significantly affect the equilibrium oxygen contents.
C1 [Yan, Yan; Li, Shao-ying; Guo, Han-jie] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met &
[Yan, Yan; Li, Shao-ying; Guo, Han-jie] Beijing Key Lab Special Melting &
Preparat High En, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Shang, Guang-hao; Zhang, Li-ping] Henan Jinhui Stainless Steel Ind Grp Co Ltd,
Xuchang 461500, Henan, Peoples R China.
[Shang, Guang-hao; Zhang, Li-ping] Changge Jinhui Recycling Met R&D Co Ltd,
Xuchang 461500, Henan, Peoples R China.
Special Melting & Preparat High En, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM Guohanjie@ustb.edu.cn
FU This work was financially supported by Key Ramp;D Plan of Shandong
Province in 2021 (Grant No. 2021CXGC010209). [2021CXGC010209]; Key R&D
Plan of Shandong Province [2021CXGC010209]
FX This work was financially supported by Key R&D Plan of Shandong Province
in 2021 (Grant No. 2021CXGC010209).
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NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD 2023 OCT 9
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s42243-023-01054-9
EA OCT 2023
PG 18
GA T4OI2
UT WOS:001077794300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, V
Wachtel, E
Feldman, Y
Lubomirsky, I
AF Kaplan, Valery
Wachtel, Ellen
Feldman, Yishay
Lubomirsky, Igor
TI Recovery of Lithium and Heavy Non-Ferrous Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion
Batteries
SO JOM
LA English
AB We describe an economical and environmentally advantageous, mechanical/chemical
procedure for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries removed from a portable
computer. The battery cathode comprises complex Li-based oxides: lithium-cobalt-
oxide, lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide and/or lithium-nickel-cobalt oxide,
while the anode is constructed from a graphite-coated copper foil. Other carbon-
containing materials should also be present. The electrolyte, the composition of
which is not made available by the manufacturer, is probably a Li salt in organic
solvent. Following hand removal of the non-metallic container, the battery elements
undergo crushing/milling; no other component separation procedure is performed or
required. Sixty minute dilute natural gas (4 vol.% in N2) sintering under reducing
conditions (673-1123 K), followed by ice-water leaching, is used to efficiently
separate Li from the heavy metals in the form of lithium carbonate at high yield
and purity; 0.5 h smelting (1773 K) of the remaining metal clinker in air in a
closed ceramic crucible, with sodium tetraborate as flux, allows recovery of the
heavy, non-ferrous metals (Ni, Co, Cu and their alloys) as mm-size ingots (39% Co,
32.2% Ni, 26.3% Cu). Iron compounds, remanent Li, Al and unburnt graphite are
removed as slag. Neither corrosive acids nor costly reagents are required, and
hazardous liquid waste is not generated.
C1 [Kaplan, Valery; Wachtel, Ellen; Feldman, Yishay; Lubomirsky, Igor] Weizmann
Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
C3 Weizmann Institute of Science
RP Kaplan, V (corresponding author), Weizmann Inst Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
EM valery.kaplan@weizmann.ac.il
FU The research described in this report is supported in part by Champion
Motors, Ltd., Israel, and is also made possible by the historic
generosity of the Harold Perlman Family. The authors acknowledge the
assistance of Stephen Fox in performance of the ICP-; Champion Motors,
Ltd., Israel; Harold Perlman Family
FX The research described in this report is supported in part by Champion
Motors, Ltd., Israel, and is also made possible by the historic
generosity of the Harold Perlman Family. The authors acknowledge the
assistance of Stephen Fox in performance of the ICP-MS measurements.
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What the US can do to get ahead of future lithium supply chain challenges
[Anonymous], The global lithium-ion battery recycling market is projected to
grow from USD 4.6 billion in 2021 to USD 22.8 billion by 2030, at a CAGR of 19.6%
during the forecast period 2021-2030
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NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD 2023 OCT 2
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s11837-023-06148
EA OCT 2023
PG 9
GA T6YP5
UT WOS:001079422900005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Prabhushankar, N
Balaji, N
Sridhar, N
AF Prabhushankar, N.
Balaji, N.
Sridhar, N.
TI Effective utilization of industrial and constructional solid waste
materials in foundry mould making to prevent environment pollution and
conserve natural silica sand
SO GLOBAL NEST JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Quarry dust; cupola slag; spent fire bricks; aluminium castings;
alternative sources; eco waste reuse
ID FLY-ASH
AB Green sand moulding uses silica sand for metal casting. Silica sand mining and
delivery to foundries destroy the ecosystem, making metal casting unsustainable.
Due to increased sand-casting output and massive civil buildings in India, the
silica sand supply is declining. The depletion and shortage of silica sand
necessitate the search for viable replacements. Industrial solid waste from large-
scale industrialization pollutes land, air, and water. In order to use industrial
waste in large amounts, an attempt is made to use it as a replacement for natural
resources. The main objective of this research is to reduce the consumption of
silica sand in the foundry mould-making process. Silica sand is replaced with
industrial solid waste, cupola slag, and construction solid waste sources like
spent fire bricks and quarry dust, up to a considerable amount, to save the natural
resources. Utilization of solid waste material in the mould-making process will
reduce production costs and environmental pollution, like dumping solid waste
materials on land. Sand tests like permeability, green compression strength, dry
compression strength, and compactability were conducted to assess the moulding
properties of these alternative moulding materials. The process parameters
considered for this investigation were the percentage of bentonite binder and the
percentage addition of alternative mould materials with silica sand. The various
sand tests showed that 40%, 30%, and 20% of quarry dust, spent fire bricks, and
cupola slag, respectively, will adequately replace silica sand for mould making A
bentonite binder of 8% is suitable for quarry dust mould, and a 10% bentonite
binder is required for spent fire brick particles and cupola slag to yield better
results. Aluminium castings were produced at the optimal mixture of these solid
waste particles and silica sand. The results of mechanical tests such as hardness,
tensile, and impact tests are comparable to those of silica sand castings.
C1 [Prabhushankar, N.] Govt Coll Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Coimbatore 641013, Tamil
Nadu, India.
[Balaji, N.] Sri Krishna Coll Engn & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Coimbatore 641008,
Tamil Nadu, India.
C3 Sri Krishna College of Engineering & Technology
RP Prabhushankar, N (corresponding author), Govt Coll Technol, Dept Mech Engn,
Coimbatore 641013, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM prabhushankar.n@gmail.com
CR Ajibola O.O., 2015, International Journal of Metals, V2015
Anwar N, 2023, INT J METALCAST, V17, P1697, DOI 10.1007/s40962-022-00897-4
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Chakravarty S, 2023, INT J ENVIRON SCI TE, V20, P1169, DOI 10.1007/s13762-021-
03574-x
Chate GR, 2019, J BRAZ SOC MECH SCI, V41, DOI 10.1007/s40430-019-1684-0
de Hoyos-Lopez M, 2017, INT J METALCAST, V11, P340, DOI 10.1007/s40962-016-0063-
1
Hawaldar N, 2018, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V97, P1037, DOI 10.1007/s00170-018-2020-
z
Holtzer M, 2016, WATER AIR SOIL POLL, V227, DOI 10.1007/s11270-015-2707-9
Indiramma P, 2018, SUSTAIN CIV INFRASTR, P284, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-61902-6_22
Kaminska J, 2022, ARCH CIV MECH ENG, V23, DOI 10.1007/s43452-022-00550-1
Khan MM, 2021, APPL CLAY SCI, V206, DOI 10.1016/j.clay.2021.106072
10.1080/10426914.2016.1257796
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Series D (Metallurgical & Materials and Mining Engineering), V98, P139, DOI
10.1007/s40033-016-0115-y
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Pelisser G, 2023, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V30, P42176, DOI 10.1007/s11356-022-
25117-8
Sabour MR, 2021, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V28, P37312, DOI 10.1007/s11356-021-
13251-8
Sahoo PK, 2021, SILICON-NETH, V13, P3765, DOI 10.1007/s12633-020-00677-x
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10.1080/13640461.2020.1796294
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9
Xu YC, 2022, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V19, P4063, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.06.148
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10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118761
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU GLOBAL NETWORK ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PI ATHENS
PA 30 VOULGAROKTONOU STR, ATHENS, GR 114 72, GREECE
SN 1790-7632
J9 GLOBAL NEST J
JI Glob. Nest. J.
PD OCT
PY 2023
VL 25
IS 8
BP 35
EP 42
DI 10.30955/gnj.005045
PG 8
GA X2YQ3
UT WOS:001097165800005
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XC
Lu, P
Jiang, WL
Shan, YL
Li, S
Wang, XS
Liu, SW
Han, L
Liu, YX
AF Liu, Xinchun
Lu, Peng
Jiang, Wenlong
Shan, Yuling
Li, Shuo
Wang, Xiaosheng
Liu, Shuwei
Han, Lei
Liu, Yuxiang
TI Organic filler-free synthesis of mordenite molecular sieves using
industrial residues
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Mordenite; Residues; Fluid catalytic cracking catalysts; Organic
filler-free
ID COAL FLY-ASH; RARE-EARTHS; FCC CATALYSTS; ZEOLITE; RECOVERY; EXTRACTION;
ALUMINUM; ZSM-5; SLAG; MOR
AB Considering the complex elemental and phase compositions, it is a challenge to
realize the high value utilization of solid residues in the preparation unit of
fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (i.e., FCCR). The current research proposes a
disposal approach of FCCR by a direct transformation from FCCR to mordenite
molecular sieves. Species evaluation of FCCR in alkaline fusion activation is
investigated. Ageing temperature/ duration, crystalline temperature/ duration,
amount of water and silica sol are systematically optimized. Obtained mordenite
molecular sieves are pure and highly crystallized. When employed as catalysts for
the isomerization of alpha-pinene, as-synthesized mordenite molecular sieves have a
comparable performance with commercial ones due to the low diffusion resistance of
hierarchical pore structure. These researches are important as a reference for the
utilization of FCCR in the field of zeolitic synthesis.
C1 [Liu, Xinchun; Lu, Peng; Jiang, Wenlong; Shan, Yuling; Liu, Yuxiang] Qingdao
Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Chem Engn, State Key Lab Base Ecochem Engn, Qingdao,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Shuo] Yantai Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Yantai 264005, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Xiaosheng] China Univ Petr, State Key Lab Heavy Oil Proc, Beijing,
Peoples R China.
[Liu, Shuwei; Han, Lei] Shaanxi Yanchang Petr Grp Corp Ltd, Hydrocarbon High
Efficiency Utilizat Technol Res C, Xian, Peoples R China.
C3 Qingdao University of Science & Technology; Yantai University; China
University of Petroleum; Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group
RP Liu, YX (corresponding author), Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Chem Engn,
State Key Lab Base Ecochem Engn, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
EM liuyx@qust.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [22008260, 22108144]; Key
Research and Development Program in Shaanxi Province of China
[2022GY-131]
FX The research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 22008260 and 22108144) and Key Research and
Development Program in Shaanxi Province of China (Program No.
2022GY-131) .
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Zhou TX, 2021, MICROPOR MESOPOR MAT, V314, DOI 10.1016/j.micromeso.2020.110872
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI OXFORD
SN 0009-2509
EI 1873-4405
J9 CHEM ENG SCI
JI Chem. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV 5
PY 2023
VL 281
AR 118967
DI 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118967
EA SEP 2023
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA T3TC9
UT WOS:001077235300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, L
Li, XB
Liu, Y
Chen, M
Wang, N
AF Xu, Lei
Li, Xubiao
Liu, Yang
Chen, Min
Wang, Nan
TI Recovery of low phosphorus iron from steel slag using secondary aluminum
dross as the reductant
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Steel slag; Iron recovery; Phosphorus distribution ratio; Aluminum
dross; Selective separation
ID SMELTING REDUCTION; STEELMAKING SLAG; SOLUBILITY; VISCOSITY; MGO
AB Iron extraction by carbothermic reduction is a promising technique for the
recycling and valorization of steel slag, but phosphorus reduction and dissolution
are inevitable and limit the value of the metal products. To solve this issue, in
this work, a novel smelting reduction method was proposed to produce low phosphorus
iron from steel slag by using secondary aluminum dross (SAD) as the reductant. The
roles of modified basicity and SAD/ slag in the iron recovery and phosphorus
distribution behavior were investigated by various characterization and theoretical
approaches, such as ICP-AES, XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and FactSage. Owing to the fluxing
action of Al2O3 and the supply of abundant free (O2-), the slag shows a fully
melted and highly depolymerized state during reduction even when no slag
modification is made, contributing to a high iron recovery (92.8 %). This is an
advantage compared to other traditional reduction methods. Besides, the higher
basicity under no modification significantly suppresses the reduction of P2O5 by
reducing its activity coefficient, resulting in a decrease of 50 % in P content in
the separated metals. It is also found that phosphorus recovery presents a power
growth law with SAD/slag. The P content in the metals can be as low as 0.16 wt% by
decreasing this ratio from 0.28 to 0.26. Although a sacrifice of iron recovery (-6
%) is required for this purification, it shows great potential in pro-ducing high-
quality metals from steel slag.
C1 [Xu, Lei; Li, Xubiao; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min; Wang, Nan] Northeastern Univ, Key
Lab Ecol Met Multimet Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Xu, Lei; Li, Xubiao; Liu, Yang; Chen, Min; Wang, Nan] Northeastern Univ, Sch
Met, 3-11 Wen-Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, L; Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimet Mineral, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
FU China Scholarship Council (CSC) [202006085028]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51804075, 51974080, 52074077]; Funda-mental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [N2225020]
FX This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC, No.
202006085028) , the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant
numbers 51804075, 51974080 and 52074077] and the Funda-mental Research
Funds for the Central Universities [grant number N2225020] .
10.1179/037195510X12772935654945
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378
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NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 2213-2929
EI 2213-3437
J9 J ENVIRON CHEM ENG
JI J. Environ. Chem. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 5
AR 110973
DI 10.1016/j.jece.2023.110973
EA SEP 2023
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA T4UC2
UT WOS:001077944700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XF
Li, FF
Wang, QQ
Zhang, XB
He, SP
AF Wang, Xufeng
Li, Fangfang
Wang, Qiangqiang
Zhang, Xubin
He, Shengping
TI Dissolution behavior of AlN in
CaO-Al2O3-BaO-CaF2-Li2O
system mold fluxes
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced high strength steel; AlN inclusion; CaO-Al2O3-based mold flux;
Dissolution behavior; Interfacial reaction
ID IN-SITU OBSERVATION; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; STEEL; INCLUSIONS; AL2O3;
CRYSTALLIZATION; SIO2
AB The dissolution behavior of AlN in three CaO-Al2O3-BaO-CaF2-Li2O non-reactive
mold fluxes which were designated as N1 (low break temperature), N2 (good
lubrication performance), N3 (high break temperature) for high-Al steel with
different requirements was explored by static method. The sizes of AlN rods after
dissolving in three slags decreased to 8.35 mm, 7.90 mm, and 9.10 mm, from the
initial 10 mm, resulting in 0.59 wt.%, 1.78 wt.%, 0.01 wt.% decrease in Li2O
content and 1.60 wt.%, 4.33 wt.%, 0.26 wt.% increase in Al2O3 content in the slags
which were in contact with AlN, respectively. The interfaces between slags and AlN
rods was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results
confirmed that the widths of the element transition layer were 6.3 mu m, 8.0 mu m
and 5.3 mu m for slags N1, N2, and N3 which were in contact with AlN, respectively.
Furthermore, the product at the interface close to the slag sides were Al2O3-CaO-
BaO-CaF2 complexes, while close to the AlN rod sides, individual Al2O3 and AlN-
Al2O3 complexes were found. The thermodynamic calculation showed that only Li2O in
molten slag reacted with AlN to form Al2O3. Thus, the dissolution behavior of AlN
in three slags was that AlN reacted with Li2O to form Al2O3, which then diffused
into the slags and was absorbed by the slags. In addition, the slags N1 and N2 with
lower initial Al2O3 content had a stronger reactivity with AlN, they have a more
superior ability to dissolve AlN inclusion.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by
Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Wang, Qiangqiang] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing 400044,
Peoples R China.
RP Wang, QQ (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM wtfwawj@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U20A20270, 52274317];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Cen- tral Universities
[2023CDJXY-020]
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U20A20270, 52274317) and the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Cen- tral Universities (Grant No. 2023CDJXY-020)
.
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NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2023
VL 26
BP 2229
EP 2241
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.08.038
PG 13
Engineering
GA U5WS1
UT WOS:001085511100001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kar, MK
Önal, MAR
Borra, CR
AF Kar, Manish Kumar
Onal, Mehmet Ali Recai
Borra, Chenna Rao
TI Alumina recovery from bauxite residue: A concise review
LA English
DT Review
DE Bauxite residue; Valorization; Alumina recovery; Smelting; Roasting;
Leaching
ID BAYER RED MUD; CALCIFICATION-CARBONATION METHOD; RARE-EARTHS;
CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION; IRON; ALKALI; METALS; AL; TRANSFORMATION;
EXTRACTION
AB Aluminum demand has increased with modernization of our society. As the primary
source of aluminum is bauxite ore, this has resulted in more accumulation of
bauxite residue. A bauxite residue typically contains 15-25% of alumina depending
on the origin of its ore and process conditions. Along with alumina, it also
contains iron, titanium and rare earth elements (REEs) in considerable levels.
There is still little effort for commercial use of bauxite residue with few
exceptions like in cement production such as in India and China. However, high
levels of soda and iron oxides in the residue can limit such applications too. For
complete valorization of bauxite residue, iron content needs to be lowered by
recovering it through smelting reduction followed by slag leaching for the recovery
of other metals (e.g., Ti and REEs). Smelting reduction process becomes
uneconomical with high alumina as it hinders efficient separation of metal and slag
phases. One of the most promising options to circumvent that problem is alumina
recovery before smelting to remove iron. The main focus of this paper is to give a
comparative and comprehensive overview on the processes developed for aluminum
recovery from bauxite residue. These processes are, namely, a second Bayer process,
Pederson process, soda or soda-lime sintering, reduction alkali roasting, smelting
and acid leaching, and calcification and carbonation processes.
C1 [Kar, Manish Kumar; Borra, Chenna Rao] Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Met & Mat
Engn Dept, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
[Kar, Manish Kumar] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Alfred
Getz Vei 2, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway.
[Onal, Mehmet Ali Recai] InsPyro NV, Kapeldreef 60, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Technology (IIT) - Kharagpur; Norwegian University of Science &
Technology (NTNU)
RP Borra, CR (corresponding author), Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur, Met & Mat Engn
Dept, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.; Önal, MAR (corresponding author),
InsPyro NV, Kapeldreef 60, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
EM chenna.borra@metal.iitkgp.ac.in
OI Borra, Chenna Rao/0000-0002-7141-8872
FU Indian Institute of Technology, IIT Kharagpur
FX This research involved funding from Indian Institute of Technology, IIT
Kharagpur
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NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0921-3449
EI 1879-0658
PD NOV
PY 2023
VL 198
AR 107158
DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107158
EA AUG 2023
PG 11
GA R7HT1
UT WOS:001066033700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Vorobkalo, N
Baisanov, A
Makhambetov, Y
Mynzhasar, Y
Nurgali, N
AF Vorobkalo, Nina
Baisanov, Alibek
Makhambetov, Yerbolat
Mynzhasar, Yesmurat
Nurgali, Nurzhan
TI Technological research of process for producing titanium rich slag and
complex titanium-containing ferroalloy
SO HELIYON
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Titanium rich slag; Titanium-containing ferroalloy;
Ore-thermal furnace; Smelting; Carbothermal process; Metals and alloys
ID MAGNETIC SEPARATION; CONCENTRATE; ALLOYS
AB This paper demonstrates the results on the experimental smelting of the titanium
rich slag and complex titanium-containing ferroalloy under the large-scale
laboratory conditions that simulate industrial one. The technological researches of
the process were performed on an ore-thermal furnace with 200 kVA transformer
power. The titanium rich slag was produced from the low-grade ilmenite concentrate,
i.e. the low TiO2 content and the high content of impurities. During the production
of the high-grade titanium slag (TiO2 content: 75-80%), the impurity elements are
transferred into the associated alloyed metal (cast iron). Thus, it can be used to
smelt the steel. As a result, samples of titanium slag have been produced with the
content of the main components, %: TiO2 - 80.2; Al2O3 - 4.5; SiO2 - 1.97; Cr2O3 -
1.3 and Fe2O3 - 9.87. Then, in metallurgical practice a complex titanium-containing
ferroalloy was first smelted from the previously produced titanium rich slag using
a carbothermic approach. The high-ash coal was applied as a carbon-bearing reducing
agent. The ash was more 45%. As a result of tests, a pilot batch of the alloy was
produced with the following chemical composition, %: Ti -20-25; Si -35-45; Al -10-
15; C -0.2-0.5; P -no more than 0.08; and ferrum. The main component content in the
produced alloy suggests that it can serve as an alternative to a mechanical mixture
(FeSi45, aluminum shavings, low-percentage ferrotitanium) for steel alloying and
deoxidation purposes.
C1 [Vorobkalo, Nina; Baisanov, Alibek; Mynzhasar, Yesmurat] Zh Abishev Chem Met
Inst, Lab Pyromet Proc, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Vorobkalo, Nina] NPJSC Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Tech Univ, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
[Makhambetov, Yerbolat] Zh Abishev Chem Met Inst, Lab Ferroalloys & Recovery
Proc, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Nurgali, Nurzhan] ERG Res & Engn Ctr LLP, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Karaganda Technical University; Chemical Metallurgical Institute of
Zh.Abishev
RP Vorobkalo, N; Baisanov, A (corresponding author), Zh Abishev Chem Met Inst, Lab
Pyromet Proc, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.; Makhambetov, Y (corresponding author), Zh
Abishev Chem Met Inst, Lab Ferroalloys & Recovery Proc, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
EM nina.timirbaeva23@gmail.com; alibekbaisanov@mail.ru;
Makhambetovyerbolat@gmail.com; ye.myngzhassar@gmail.com;
n.nurgali@yandex.kz
RI Vorobkalo, Nina/ABF-6750-2021; Baisanov, Alibek/O-5201-2017
OI Baisanov, Alibek/0000-0002-3025-7267; Makhambetov,
Yerbolat/0000-0001-8613-9932
FU Scientific Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of
Republic of Kazakhstan [AP09058310]
FX The research was conducted within the framework of the study which
financially supported by the Scientific Committee of the Ministry of
Education and Science of Republic of Kazakhstan (grant No. AP09058310) .
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NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 50 HAMPSHIRE ST, FLOOR 5, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
EI 2405-8440
J9 HELIYON
JI Heliyon
PD AUG
PY 2023
VL 9
IS 8
AR e18989
DI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18989
EA AUG 2023
PG 11
GA Q7SI5
UT WOS:001059481100001
PM 37600357
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, JB
Che, HJ
Zhao, MH
Pan, WB
Chen, ZY
Liu, HD
AF Chen, Jian-bin
Che, Hao-jie
Zhao, Ming-hui
Pan, Wen-bo
Chen, Zhi-yu
Liu, Hai-dong
TI Thermodynamic Activity of B2O3 in
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3</su
b>-MnO-MgO Molten Slags at 1723 K
LA English
DT Article
ID PLUS METAL EQUILIBRIUM; MOLD FLUX; BORON; SYSTEM; (1-X)MGO+XB(2)O(3);
CRYSTALLIZATION; MGO-BO1.5-SIO2; VISCOSITY; BEHAVIOR; COPPER
AB This study aimed to investigate the thermodynamic characteristics of the
reaction between Al and B2O3 in the continuous casting process of high-aluminum
steel. The activity coefficient of B2O3 in molten slag of (31.1 to 58.4) pct CaO-
(0.2 to 16.7) pct SiO2-(14.7 to 49.2) pct Al2O3-(0 to 30.3) pct B2O3-(0 to 10.5)
pct CaF2-(2.1 to 4.7) pct MgO-(0 to 1.8) pct MnO slags was measured at 1450 & DEG;C
using B equilibrium experiments between liquid copper and molten slag in a graphite
crucible under the mixed gas atmosphere of CO and Ar. The effects of B2O3, Al2O3,
SiO2, and CaF2 and the basicity (B = mass pct CaO/(mass pct SiO2+mass pct Al2O3) on
the activity coefficient of B2O3 in molten slag were discussed. Regression analysis
was used to investigate the quadratic relationship between the activity coefficient
of B2O3 and the concentrations of components in the slag. The results indicated
that (a) the activity coefficient of B2O3 increased with an increase in B2O3 when
B2O3 > 7 pct and B < 1, but decreased when B2O3 > 7 pct and B > 1. (b) When B > 0.9
and Al2O3 > 26 pct, the activity coefficient of B2O3 went up with the increase of
Al2O3, but decreased when B < 0.9. (c) When B = 0.93 to 0.97, B2O3 = 9.1 to 9.5
pct, and CaF2 < 11 pct, the activity coefficient of B2O3 decreased with an increase
in CaF2. (d) When B = 0.8 to 1.3, the activity coefficient of B2O3 increased with
the increase of the basicity B. These findings provide insight into the factors
affecting the activity coefficient of B2O3 in the molten slag and contribute to the
optimization of the continuous casting process of high-aluminum steel.
C1 [Chen, Jian-bin; Che, Hao-jie; Zhao, Ming-hui; Pan, Wen-bo; Chen, Zhi-yu; Liu,
Hai-dong] Shanghai Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201418, Peoples R
China.
FX AcknowledgmentsThe authors express their gratitude to the funding
support by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
51874198).Conflict of interestOn behalf of all authors, the
corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
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NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2023
VL 54
IS 5
BP 2737
EP 2746
DI 10.1007/s11663-023-02870-w
EA AUG 2023
PG 10
Engineering
GA R8IH0
UT WOS:001039987400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, LB
Zhang, YH
Song, CJ
Zhou, WB
Liu, F
Peters, GH
AF Liu, Libing
Zhang, Yunhu
Song, Changjiang
Zhou, Wenbin H.
Liu, Feng
Peters, Gordon
TI Melt Quality of A356.2 Alloy in the Pressure Counter Pressure Casting
Process for Steering Knuckles
LA English
DE A356; 2 alloy; melt quality; CPC; PoDFA; hydrogen; inclusions
ID ALUMINUM; CLEANLINESS; CONDUCTIVITY; FATIGUE
AB The present study investigates the melt quality of A356.2 alloy during the
pressure counter pressure casting (CPC) process for steering knuckles, by means of
fracture analysis of tensile test bars, hydrogen content measurement, and inclusion
analysis. The failure modes of the tensile test bars suggest that oxides are the
most detrimental inclusions in the CPC cast A356.2-T6 steering knuckles. Hydrogen
content at various stages is quantified using the HYCAL analysis apparatus,
revealing a sharp decrease to 0.16 & PLUSMN; 0.01 ml/100 g after degassing,
followed by a slight increase in the holding and CPC process. The porous disc
filtration apparatus (PoDFA) method is employed to identify different types of
inclusions, including TiB2, Al4C3, & alpha;-Al2O3, spinel-like, spinel, oxide
films, and MgO. The content of different inclusions analysis indicates that oxides
can be effectively removed during degassing, but can easily re-form as the melt
moves up and down in the riser tubes. The characteristics of the molten bath and
the mechanism of slag formation in different CPC cycles are discussed, which
provides a comprehensive understanding of the increase in oxide size and
concentration from the first to the last casting cycle. This increase leads to a
deterioration of the melt quality as well as the casting quality. It is thus
essential to minimize oxidation and limit the liquid front velocity to ensure the
consistent production of high-integrity castings in the CPC process.
C1 [Liu, Libing; Zhang, Yunhu; Song, Changjiang] Shanghai Univ, Ctr Adv Solidificat
Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, CAST, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Wenbin H.; Liu, Feng] Shanghai Huizhong Automot Mfg Co Ltd, SHAC, 1493
South Pudong Rd, Shanghai 200122, Peoples R China.
[Peters, Gordon] 66 Ind Serv Co Ltd, E00D, 28 Hristo Botev Str Blvd Triaditsa
Distr,Fl 4, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria.
RP Zhang, YH; Song, CJ (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, Ctr Adv Solidificat
Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, CAST, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China.
EM zhangyunhu.zyh@163.com; riversxiao@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51974183, 51974184]; Gao
pin zhi zai sheng lv gui xi he jin zhi zao gong yi ji shi fan ying yong
[22ZR1425000]; Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai; [2022FRD05007]
Foundation of China (51974183 and 51974184), Gao pin zhi zai sheng lv
gui xi he jin zhi zao gong yi ji shi fan ying yong (2022FRD05007) and
the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1425000). The authors
would like to express their sincere thanks to the Technical Center of
SHAC.
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NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI CHAM
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD 2023 JUL 22
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s40962-023-01079-6
EA JUL 2023
PG 15
GA N1HA7
UT WOS:001034595900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xie, S
Liao, CF
Zhao, BJ
AF Xie, Sui
Liao, Chunfa
Zhao, Baojun
TI Phase Equilibrium studies in the system "FeO"-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO at 1200
°C and Po2 10-8atm
LA English
DT Article
DE Phase equilibria; "FeO"-CaO-SiO 2-MgO-Al 2 O 3 system; Oxygen partial
pressure; Copper smelting slag; FactSage
ID LIQUIDUS TEMPERATURES; AL2O3; SLAGS; MGO; CAO
AB Iron oxides and silica are the major components of copper smelting slag. The
oxides of aluminum, calcium and magnesium are also present in the slag that is
introduced through copper concentrate, flux and refractories. Liquidus temperatures
of the copper smelting slags are usually controlled by Fe/SiO2. The concentrations
of Al2O3, CaO and MgO, and FeO/Fe2O3 in the slag can also affect the liquidus
temperatures where FeO/Fe2O3 is a function of oxygen partial pressure. High
temperature equilibration under controlled oxygen partial pressure followed by
quenching and electron probe microanalysis were used to determine the compositions
of the liquid and solid phases at 1200 & DEG;C and Po2 10-8 atm. The experimental
results are presented in the forms of pseudoternary sections "FeO"-CaO-SiO2 at
fixed 2, 4 and 6 wt pct MgO, and 2 + 2, 4 + 4 and 6 + 6 wt pct MgO + Al2O3. Spinel
and tridymite are the major primary phases in the composition range investigated.
In addition, CaSiO3, pyroxene, olivine, and melilite are also present. The
isotherms in the spinel and tridymite primary phase fields move towards higher SiO2
concentration directions with increasing CaO, Al2O3, and MgO concentrations. The
experimentally determined results are compared with the FactSage calculations.
C1 [Xie, Sui; Liao, Chunfa; Zhao, Baojun] Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Int Inst
Innovat, Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Baojun] Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Mat Met & Chem, Ganzhou 341000,
Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Baojun] Univ Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Brisbane 4072,
Australia.
C3 Jiangxi University of Science & Technology; Jiangxi University of
Science & Technology; University of Queensland
RP Zhao, BJ (corresponding author), Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Int Inst Innovat,
Nanchang 330013, Peoples R China.
EM bzhao@jxust.edu.cn
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NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PI OXFORD
SN 0364-5916
EI 1873-2984
J9 CALPHAD
PD SEP
PY 2023
VL 82
AR 102588
DI 10.1016/j.calphad.2023.102588
EA JUL 2023
PG 11
Engineering
GA O4SX2
UT WOS:001043739300001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Medovar, L
Stovpchenko, G
Lisova, L
Jiang, ZH
Dong, YW
Kang, CP
AF Medovar, Lev
Stovpchenko, Ganna
Lisova, Liudmila
Jiang, Zhouhua
Dong, Yanwu
Kang, Congpeng
TI Features and Restrictions of Electroslag Remelting with Silica-Bearing
Slags for Lightweight High Manganese Steel
LA English
DE electroslag remelting; inclusions; lightweight steels; structures
ID HIGH-STRENGTH; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; ADDITIONS;
BEHAVIOR; TOOLS
AB Experiments are conducted to investigate the electroslag remelting process of
Fe-(20-30)Mn-(10-12.0)Al-(1-2)C (wt%) steel in a short collar mold using a
characteristic silica-bearing slag to improve nonmetallic inclusion morphology. The
effect of the "one-slag melt" with silica on the changes in the chemical
composition of the ESR ingot along its height is studied. The observed silicon
pick-up in metal at ESR is caused by the interaction of silica-bearing slag with
aluminum from metal composition (10%), stipulated by the ESR process nature and
cannot be avoided. CALPHAD prediction of phase formation at observed changes of
metal chemistry is proved by microstructure and EDS investigations of as-cast metal
of remelted ingot. Silicon pick-up in obtained limits does not change the
morphology of the main phases in the remelted Fe-Mn-Al-Cr-C-(Si) steel, but the
microhardness of the phases becomes higher. Due to the low speed of remelting
provided by ESR TC, the as-cast metal structure and nonmetallic inclusions are
refined. Experiments show that high silica-bearing slag is not convenient for
remelting high aluminum steels because of silicon transfer into ESR ingot at slag's
silica reduction by aluminum.
C1 [Medovar, Lev; Stovpchenko, Ganna; Lisova, Liudmila] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, EO
Paton Elect Welding Inst, Kiev, Ukraine.
[Jiang, Zhouhua; Dong, Yanwu] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
[Kang, Congpeng] WISDRI Engn & Res Inc Ltd, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
of NASU; Northeastern University - China
RP Stovpchenko, G (corresponding author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, EO Paton Elect
Welding Inst, Kiev, Ukraine.; Dong, YW (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ,
Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM anna_stovpchenko@ukr.net; dongyw@smm.neu.edu.cn
RI Stovpchenko, Ganna/J-9068-2016
OI Stovpchenko, Ganna/0000-0002-6555-5715
FU National Key K amp; D Program of China [2023YFE0200300]
FX Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support by
National Key K & D Program of China with grant no. 2023YFE0200300.
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NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD 2023 JUL 10
PY 2023
DI 10.1002/srin.202300161
EA JUL 2023
PG 11
GA L3SZ3
UT WOS:001022503600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, B
Li, XY
Liu, XQ
Liu, NS
Liu, CW
He, XT
He, SF
AF Hu, Bo
Li, Xiaoying
Liu, Xueqing
Liu, Nengsheng
Liu, Chengwei
He, Xintao
He, Sufang
TI Highly efficient leaching of aluminum and chromium from aluminum
chromium slag using NaOH-NaNO3 binary molten salt
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum chromium slag; NaOH-NaNO 3 binary molten salt; Elements
extraction; Response surface methodology; Aluminum-chromium solid
solution; Activation mechanism
ID VANADIUM SLAG; EXTRACTION; OPTIMIZATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGY;
SEPARATION; RECOVERY; BEHAVIOR; RESIDUE; ALLOYS
AB In this study, the NaOH-NaNO3 binary molten salt was proposed as a highly
efficient technique to leach aluminum and chromium from aluminum chromium slag
(ACS). Various factors, such as roasting temperature, roasting time, mass ratio of
NaOH (or NaNO3)/ACS, water leaching temperature and time, were adjusted to
investigate their influence on the activation and extraction of aluminum-chromium
resources from ACS. More-over, the roasting activation conditions were optimized by
response surface methodology, and the optimal extraction rates of alumina and
chromium (88.72% and 95.64%, respectively) were obtained with the roasting
temperature of 451 degrees C, roasting time of 3.9 h, NaOH/ACS mass ratio of
5.39:1, and NaNO3/ACS mass ratio of 0.79:1. Kinetic studies showed that the
roasting process was controlled by the diffusion of the product interface. Finally,
based on the comprehensive analysis of leaching data and physicochemical properties
change of ACS with roasting, the mechanism of NaOH-NaNO3-ACS activation was
revealed: NaOH-NaNO3 melted and encap-sulated the ACS during the roasting reaction,
NaOH provided a strongly alkaline environmental medium, which facilitated the
decomposition of NaNO3 into NaNO2 and reactive oxygen species, thus prompting the
oxidative decomposition of aluminum-chromium solid solution to form NaAlO2 and
Na2CrO4, further improving the leaching rate of aluminum and chromium.
C1 [Hu, Bo; Liu, Xueqing; He, Sufang] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Mat Sci &
[Hu, Bo; Liu, Xueqing; Liu, Chengwei; He, Xintao; He, Sufang] Kunming Univ Sci &
Technol, Res Ctr Anal & Measurement, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xiaoying; Liu, Nengsheng] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
RP He, SF (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Res Ctr Anal &
Measurement, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.; Liu, NS (corresponding author),
Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
EM liunengshengms@163.com; shucai1983@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51704137]; Yunnan Ten
Thousand Talents Plan Young amp; Elite Talents Project
[YNWR-QNBJ-2018-067, YNWR-QNBJ-2020-002]
Foundation of China (No. 51704137) and Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan
Young & Elite Talents Project (YNWR-QNBJ-2018-067 and
YNWR-QNBJ-2020-002) .
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NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI OXFORD
SN 0892-6875
J9 MINER ENG
JI Miner. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2023
VL 201
AR 108218
DI 10.1016/j.mineng.2023.108218
EA JUL 2023
PG 12
GA N0IE6
UT WOS:001033948900001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Coetsee, T
De Bruin, F
AF Coetsee, Theresa
De Bruin, Frederik
TI EERZ (Effective Equilibrium Reaction Zone) Model of Gas-Slag-Metal
Reactions in the Application of Unconstrained Al-Ni-Cr-Co-Cu Metal
Powders in Submerged Arc Welding: Model and 3D Slag SEM Evidence
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE pyrometallurgy; metal powder; nickel; cobalt; chromium; copper; partial
oxygen pressure; aluminium; de-oxidiser; welding; time; mass transfer;
slag; EERZ
ID CHEMISTRY
AB The scope of this work is to improve the SAW process understanding and present
an improved description of the SAW process in terms of gas-slag-metal reactions
with alloy powder and Al powder additions. The scope does not include the materials
properties of the weld metal. The latter may easily be optimised in the future by
changing the weld metal chemistry once the process reactions of different element
powders in SAW are understood. Aluminium as de-oxidiser element was applied to SAW
to lower the oxygen partial pressure in the process. The results show the Al-Ni-Cr-
Co-Cu alloyed weld metal total oxygen content was reduced to 257 ppm O, compared to
the base case weld metal at 499 ppm O, made with the same flux and no metal powder
additions. Thus, the aluminium that was added as a de-oxidiser element to the SAW
process effectively lowered the original flux-induced partial oxygen pressure, both
in the arc cavity and at the interface of the molten flux-weld pool phases. This
partial oxygen pressure lowering effect of Al also prevents oxidation of Cr,
preventing loss of Cr to the slag. Carbon steel was alloyed to 3.9% Al, 4.8% Ni,
4.9% Cr, 4.8% Co, 4.7% Cu at 62% Al yield, 76% Ni yield, 77% Cr yield, 75% Co
yield, 74% Cu yield. SEM (scanning electron microscope) work on the three-
dimensional (3D) post-weld slag sample show dome cavities with 3D rounded
structures embedded in the dome cavity walls, as well as shards and nano-strands on
the dome cavity walls. The 3D structures indicate vapour formation and re-
condensation of oxy-fluorides. The novel application of the EERZ (effective
equilibrium reaction zone) model simulates the mass transfer effects in the SAW
process. This model is novel because it is the first model used to calculate the
gas-slag-metal phase chemistry changes in SAW as a function of welding time. The
novel SAW process modification of adding Al de-oxidiser powder with alloying
element powders of the unique combination of Co-Cr-Co-Ni-Al was successfully
applied. The results confirm that the gas phase and its reactions must be included
in the interpretation and modelling of SAW process metallurgy.
RI ; De Bruin, Frederik/IZE-6573-2023
OI Coetsee, Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755; De Bruin,
Frederik/0000-0001-7102-7508
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0136(02)00235-2
4
You DL, 2020, STEEL RES INT, V91, DOI 10.1002/srin.202000045
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD JUL
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 7
AR 2110
DI 10.3390/pr11072110
PG 23
SC Engineering
GA N4JS1
UT WOS:001036699800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kasikov, AG
Shchelokova, EA
Timoshchik, OA
Semushin, VV
AF Kasikov, Alexandr G.
Shchelokova, Elena A.
Timoshchik, Olga A.
Semushin, Vasilij V.
TI Deep Processing of Dump Slag from the Copper-Nickel Industry
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE utilization; slag; sulfuric acid; dehydration; silica; ferric oxide
ID SMELTING SLAG; MINE DRAINAGE; SURFACE-AREA; REDUCTION; RECOVERY; SBA-15;
TRANSFORMATION; MICROPORES; MESOPORES; HEMATITE
AB This work proposes an environmentally safe and economically feasible method of
waste copper-nickel production slag utilization (Kola Mining-Metallurgical Company,
Nornickel, Kola Peninsula, Russia). This process involves the decomposition of slag
by diluted solutions of sulfuric acid (7-10 wt.% H2SO4) with a transfer in a
solution of more than 70% silicon, 77% iron and 78% magnesium, and a concentration
of non-ferrous metals in the residue (similar to 70%). Copper ions were used in the
leaching stage to prevent the release of hydrogen sulfide into the working
atmosphere. Dehydration of the solution, followed by washing of water-soluble
sulphates from silica, was carried out to separate silica from the leaching
solution. The dehydration temperature effect on the silica structural
characteristics was determined. The possibility of recovering non-ferrous metals
from solutions after silica extraction by precipitation, in the form of copper
cementite, and the sum of nickel and cobalt sulfides, was evaluated. Pigment-grade
iron dioxide, magnesium sulphate and aluminium hydroxide were obtained by
dehydration of the solution after extraction of base metals, calcination and other
operations. Sulfuric acid leaching resulted in the disclosure of sulfide grains
encapsulated in ferrosilicate, which is a favorable factor for flotation. The
depleted residue can be successfully used in the construction industry.
C1 [Kasikov, Alexandr G.; Shchelokova, Elena A.; Timoshchik, Olga A.; Semushin,
Vasilij V.] Russian Acad Sci, Tananaev Inst Chem, Kola Sci Ctr, Subdiv,Fed Res Ctr
Kola Sci Ctr, Apatity 184209, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences; Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy
of Sciences; Tananaev Institute of Chemistry, Kola Science Centre of the
Russian Academy of Sciences
RP Shchelokova, EA (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Tananaev Inst Chem,
Kola Sci Ctr, Subdiv,Fed Res Ctr Kola Sci Ctr, Apatity 184209, Russia.
EM a.kasikov@ksc.ru; e.shchelokova@ksc.ru; o.timoshchik@ksc.ru;
v.semushin@ksc.ru
RI Pichugina, Olga/AEX-0452-2022; Timoshchik, Olga
Alexandrovna/GNP-1734-2022; Shchelokova, Elena/J-3515-2018
OI Pichugina, Olga/0000-0002-7801-2277; Timoshchik, Olga
Alexandrovna/0000-0001-7890-8308; Kasikov, Alexandr/0000-0001-7694-0910;
Shchelokova, Elena/0000-0003-3374-6856
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7
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NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JUL
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 7
AR 1265
DI 10.3390/met13071265
PG 19
Engineering
GA N4LB9
UT WOS:001036736000001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JL
Song, SQ
Xue, ZL
AF Wang, Jinlong
Song, Shengqiang
Xue, Zhengliang
TI Transient evolution of non-metallic inclusions in molten high aluminum
and high manganese steel contacting with slag and crucible: experimental
investigation and FactSage macros modeling
LA English
DT Article
DE High aluminum and high; manganese steel; FactSage macros; Non-metallic
inclusions; Interface
AB In this work, high temperature experiments of high Al molten steel contacting
with crucible and slag were performed to investigate the effect of crucible-slag-
steel reaction on transient evolution of inclusions in the high Al molten steel.
Processing samples were taken for the chemical compositions of steel and also the
inclusions have been characterized by using SEM and EDS AZtec. FactSage macros have
been applied to simulate the evolution of molten steel composition and inclusions
in molten steel during steel-slag reaction and comparing to the experimental
results. Due to the steel-crucible-slag reactions especially under the condition of
the high Al molten steel, the Ca and Mg transferred from slag and crucible to the
molten steel and then subsequently led to the evolution of Mg and Ca-containing
inclusions. The Mg inclusions transferred from MgAl2O4 to MgO inclusions while Ca
transferred to steel and modified MgAl2O4 at crucible interface to form CaMgAl2O5
phase. The FactSage macros modeling did agree reasonably well with the experimental
results. (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access
article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-
nd/4.0/).
C1 [Wang, Jinlong; Song, Shengqiang; Xue, Zhengliang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol,
State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Jinlong; Song, Shengqiang; Xue, Zhengliang] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Key
Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R
China.
Technology
RP Song, SQ (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Refractories & Met, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.; Song, SQ (corresponding
author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab Ferrous Met & Resources Utilizat, Minist
Educ, Wuhan 430081, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM songs@wust.edu.cn
OI Song, Shengqiang/0000-0002-7977-5882
FU National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China [U20A20270]; " The 14th
Five Year Plan " Hubei Provincial advantaged characteristic disciplines
(groups) project of Wuhan University of Science Technology [2023B0202]
FX We are grateful for the support by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. U20A20270) and " The 14th Five Year Plan
" Hubei Provincial advantaged characteristic disciplines (groups)
project of Wuhan University of Science Technology (No. 2023B0202) .
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Steel
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z
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[王蓝卿 Wang Lanqing], 2021, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V56, P83
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[赵吉轩 Zhao Jixuan], 2021, [钢铁研究学报, Journal of Iron and Steel Research],
V33, P726
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[朱航宇 Zhu Hangyu], 2022, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V57, P66
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2238-7854
EI 2214-0697
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2023
VL 25
BP 2841
EP 2853
DI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.06.025
PG 13
Engineering
GA W6FB3
UT WOS:001092553100001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xing, LD
Wang, B
Bao, YP
Wang, M
AF Xing, Lidong
Wang, Bo
Bao, Yanping
Wang, Min
TI Study on the Evolution Law of Inclusions in the Whole Process and
Evaluation of Cleanliness in Start and End of Casting Billets of
42CrMo-S Steel
SO PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE 42CrMo-S; evolution of inclusions; content of oxygen and nitrogen; head
billets; tail billets; cut scrap length
ID DEOXIDATION; PARAMETERS; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR; FERRITE
AB To investigate the evolution law of inclusions in 42CrMo-S steel, this paper
samples and analyzes the steel during its refining process as well as the head and
tail billets. An oxygen and nitrogen analyzer, a scanning electron microscope (SEM)
equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and an ASPEX automatic
inclusion scanning electron microscope are employed to analyze the cleanliness
level of the molten steel in the refining stage and the head and tail billets. The
results demonstrate that the total oxygen content at the end of LF slagging is 10.2
ppm, indicating that the refining slag has an excellent deoxygenation effect.
During the RH refining process, the total oxygen content of the molten steel
diminishes to less than 10 ppm and reaches 6.3 ppm at end-RH. The nitrogen content
in the molten steel gradually increases during the smelting process and attains 65
ppm at end-RH. Upon arrival at LF, pure Al2O3 plays the role of the primary
inclusions in the molten steel. Afterwards, the pure Al2O3 inclusions transform
into Mg-Al spinel-type inclusions, Al2O3-MgO-CaO inclusions, and Al2O3-CaO
inclusions. The number of CaS-type inclusions in the steel reaches the maximum
after feeding the S wire. In the RH refining stage, the percentage of inclusions
with a size less than 5 & mu;m is maintained above 90%. Finally, the cleanliness
level of the head and tail billets (the start and end of a casting sequence) is
analyzed, and it is recommended that the cut scrap length for the head billet is
0.3 m and the reasonable cutting scrap length for the tail billet is 1 m.
C1 [Xing, Lidong; Wang, Bo; Bao, Yanping; Wang, Min] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing
USTB, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Xing, Lidong; Wang, Min] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, Tech Support Ctr
Prevent & Control Disastrous Acci, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Bao, YP (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing USTB, State Key Lab
EM yanping_bao@163.com
FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2023M730230]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-TP-22-053A1]
FX This research was funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation grant
number 2023M730230; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities grant number FRF-TP-22-053A1.
CR Chen MS, 2012, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V556, P260, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2012.06.084
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123
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2227-9717
J9 PROCESSES
JI Processes
PD JUL
PY 2023
VL 11
IS 7
AR 2184
DI 10.3390/pr11072184
PG 14
SC Engineering
GA N7PF5
UT WOS:001038880500001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, L
Liu, YT
Li, YC
Zhu, MK
Qiao, JS
AF Wang, Lei
Liu, Yongtao
Li, Yuechao
Zhu, Mengkun
Qiao, Jisen
TI Study on mechanism of the effect of Al element on the arc shape and
molten pool fluctuation pattern in flux bands constricting arc welding
(FBCA)
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultra-narrow gap welding; Flux bands; Al element; Arc shape; Molten pool
behavior; Weld formation
ID ALUMINUM CONTENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; STABILITY; GTA
AB Herein, to investigate dynamic penetration control in ultra-narrow gap grooves,
the effect of Al addition at a fraction of 0.2 %-1 % in flux bands on welding arc
shape changes and molten-pool fluctuations in flux bands constricting arc (FBCA)
welding is examined via a high-speed camera and side glass observation system. The
influence mechanism of Al on weld formation is analyzed based on the weld depth-to-
width ratio. Results reveal that as the Al content increases, the profile of the
welding arc shifts from a divergent spherical shape to a contracted ellipsoidal
shape, and the arc-burning position changes from the middle to the lower section of
the groove. In addition, Al changes the side flow morphology of the molten pool
from a shallow concave to a deep single-V shape, thus accelerating the molten pool
flow and resulting in a humped molten pool. As Al in the flux bands changes the
molten-pool Marangoni convection modes, the weld formation is affected
significantly. When the Al addition is at 0.80 %, the weld depth-to-width ratio
reaches a maximum of 1.32, and the joint presents the best welding quality.
Meanwhile, at 0.92 % Al addition, fluctuations in the weld depth-to-width ratio
increase, porous slag inclusions are observed, and the welding quality degrades.
This occurs because Al3+ vapor is pref-erentially ionized, deoxidation within the
arc induces further contraction of the arc, and the arc force impact on the bottom
of the molten pool increases. In addition, Al2O3 is regenerated in the molten pool
and accumulates on the surface, thus resulting in the highest levels of flow and
solidification in the molten pool. However, when excess Al is added to intensify
the molten pool reaction, the weld deteriorates.
C1 [Qiao, Jisen] Lanzhou Univ Technol, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, Peoples R China.
State Key Lab Adv Proc & Recycling Nonferrous Met, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu,
Peoples R China.
C3 Lanzhou University of Technology
RP Qiao, JS (corresponding author), Lanzhou Univ Technol, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu,
Peoples R China.
EM qiaojisen@lut.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52063017]; University
Young Doctor Foundation of Gansu Provincial Education Department
[2022QB-049]; Postdoctoral Project under Lanzhou LS Group Co. Ltd.
FX The authors truly thank the financial support for this research. This
work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
[Grant No. 52063017] , the University Young Doctor Foundation of Gansu
Provincial Education Department [Grant No. 2022QB-049] and Postdoctoral
Project under Lanzhou LS Group Co. Ltd.
CR [Anonymous], 2000, PANTON WELD J, V1, P5
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NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1526-6125
EI 2212-4616
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
JI J. Manuf. Process.
PD SEP 8
PY 2023
VL 101
BP 882
EP 891
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.06.044
EA JUN 2023
PG 10
WC Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA M7ZH4
UT WOS:001032356400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hussein, TS
Faisal, AAH
AF Hussein, Teba S.
Faisal, Ayad A. H.
TI Nanoparticles of (calcium/aluminum/CTAB) layered double hydroxide
immobilization onto iron slag for removing of cadmium ions from aqueous
environment
SO ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alum; Calcium; Plaster kiln dust; Layered double hydroxide; CTAB
surfactant; Cadmium adsorption
ID HEAVY-METAL IONS; BLAST-FURNACE; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; WASTE; ADSORBENT;
COPPER; DYE; SLUDGE; LEAD
AB The novel point of this study represents by manufacturing new material for
treating of aqueous solution laden with cadmium ions. This can achieve through
utilizing of alum as cheapest and available substance, plaster kiln dust wastes
from gypsum industry, and cetyl trimethyl ammo-nium bromide surfactant in the
preparation of nano-sized layered double hydroxide of aluminum and calcium in the
existence of mentioned surfactant. The gel-solution of nanoparticles can be co-
precipitated on the iron slag to obtain new sorbent identified "iron-slag coated
with (calcium/ aluminum-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) layered double hydroxide"
and composition of all materials was characterized by analysis of X-ray
diffraction. The outcomes proved that the area of slag surfaces was increased
significantly from 0.49 to 10.21 m2/g due to the surfactant intercala-tion and
precipitation of nanoparticles. The synthesis parameters require surfactant 0.035
g/50 mL, pH 10, molar ratio of (calcium/aluminum) 2, and mass of slag 1 g/50 mL.
Batch tests proved that more than 99.3% cadmium can remove at time 60 min, initial
pH 7, coated slag mass 0.5 g/50 mL, and speed 250 rpm for 50 mg/L initial
concentration to obtain highest capacity of sorption of 14.50 mg/g. The
measurements of kinetic tests were well followed the model of Pseudo second -order
and; accordingly, the chemisorption mechanism will predominate the removal process.
Model of intra-particle diffusion demonstrate that the electrostatic attraction,
hydrogen bonding and dif-fusion are major mechanisms required in the cadmium
removal onto the prepared sorbent. Also, Langmuir model is an ideal formula for
representing the sorption data with determination coeffi-cient = 0.99.
Characterization tests certified that the nanoparticles on the slag can play a
prime role in the enhancement of cadmium sorption. In addition, the exhausted
sorbent can be regenerated and its efficiency was not less than 83% for removal of
cadmium after 9 regeneration cycles.& COPY; 2023 The Author(s). Published by
Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article
under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Hussein, Teba S.; Faisal, Ayad A. H.] Univ Baghdad, Coll Engn, Dept Environm
Engn, Baghdad, Iraq.
C3 University of Baghdad
RP Hussein, TS (corresponding author), Univ Baghdad, Coll Engn, Dept Environm Engn,
Baghdad, Iraq.
EM teba.saadi.ts@gmail.com
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NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1878-5352
EI 1878-5379
J9 ARAB J CHEM
JI Arab. J. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2023
VL 16
IS 9
AR 105031
DI 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105031
EA JUN 2023
PG 17
SC Chemistry
GA K6SV6
UT WOS:001017728100001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, TF
Chen, BB
Cai, YC
Yang, YH
Cheng, GS
Wang, XQ
Dong, CQ
Zhao, Y
AF Zhao, Tengfei
Chen, Binbin
Cai, Youcheng
Yang, Yihao
Cheng, Guishi
Wang, Xiaoqiang
Dong, Changqing
Zhao, Ying
TI Cladding and corrosion characteristics of magnesium-aluminum spinel
refractory by alkaline slag during alkali recovery
LA English
DT Article
DE Alkaline slag; Cladding characteristics; Corrosion characteristics;
Magnesia-alumina spinel refractory
ID MGAL2O4 SPINEL; MECHANISMS; CASTABLES; PRECURSOR; PULP
AB The alkaline slag produced during alkali recovery might cause harm to the
furnace's refractory components. The seat-drop technique and static dry pan method
are used to explore the cladding features and corrosion characteristics of alkaline
slag on the surface of magnesia-alumina spinel refractory in this paper. SEM-EDS
and XRD are used to study the microstructure, fundamental changes, and compound
composition of the molten cladding and interfacial layers, as well as the trends of
slag column alterations. Factsage 7.2 software is used to model the interaction
between the molten slag and the refractory. The results demonstrate that the
wettability process of the slag column is impeded in a reducing environment.
Combine with the results of the thermodynamic simulate, it is found that the
formation and transformation of a large number of high melting point compounds in a
reducing atmosphere is the decisive reason for the inhibition of wettability.
Temperature increases promote the production of high melting points substances such
as magnesium silicate and sodium metal aluminate, which alters the micro-morphology
of the materials and improves slag resistance and permeability resistance of
refractories.
C1 [Zhao, Tengfei; Chen, Binbin; Cai, Youcheng; Yang, Yihao; Cheng, Guishi; Wang,
Xiaoqiang; Dong, Changqing; Zhao, Ying] North China Elect Power Univ, Sch New
Energy, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China.
C3 North China Electric Power University
RP Zhao, Y (corresponding author), North China Elect Power Univ, Sch New Energy,
EM zhaoying1989@ncepu.edu.cn
RI liu, jiaming/IWE-3196-2023
China (52006072) .
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TC 0
Z9 0
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U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0272-8842
EI 1873-3956
J9 CERAM INT
JI Ceram. Int.
PD JUL 1
PY 2023
VL 49
IS 13
BP 21830
EP 21838
DI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.04.005
EA MAY 2023
PG 9
GA J3LD4
UT WOS:001008650200001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, ZY
Zhang, JL
Zong, YB
Xiao, ZX
Wang, C
Zhu, WT
Zhang, YJ
Jiao, KX
AF Guo, Ziyu
Zhang, Jianliang
Zong, Yanbing
Xiao, Zhixin
Wang, Cui
Zhu, Wentao
Zhang, Yijian
Jiao, Kexin
TI Physicochemical properties of cinder and alkaline modification in tuyere
birdnest region of blast furnace
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Blast furnace; Low carbon; Cinder; Flux; Modification
ID PULVERIZED COAL; MGO/AL2O3 RATIO; IRON; COKE; SLAG; GRAPHITIZATION;
INJECTION; BEHAVIOR; REDUCTION; VISCOSITY
AB An important factor in increasing gas utilization and lowering carbon emissions
is the removal of cinder from the tuyere birdnest region of the blast furnace.
Based on a 2200 m3 blast furnace in China, the physicochemical characteristics of
cinder are investigated in this paper. Alkaline flux's chemical modification and
flux injection content are examined to alter the fluidity of cinder slag. Firstly,
the basicity and aluminum content of cinder slag are 0.80 and 40.33%, respectively.
The melting characteristic of cinder slag is high and the liquid phase fluidity is
poor. Secondly, as the content of CaO, MgO, and FeO grow while the viscosity keeps
declining, the melting temperature of the cinder first decreases and then rises,
rises, and decreases. Compared to Mg2+, Ca2+ and Fe2+ have higher diffusion rates
and a stronger interaction modification impact. The potential of flux modification
is CaO + FeO > CaO + MgO > CaO > FeO > MgO. Finally, the optimum chemical
modification occurs when the basicity of cinder slag is 1.05 and the FeO content is
0.40%. During regular blast furnace operation, 1.62 kg/tHM of limestone and 5.92
kg/tHM of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag are injected into the tuyere.
C1 [Guo, Ziyu; Zhang, Jianliang; Zong, Yanbing; Wang, Cui; Zhu, Wentao; Zhang,
Yijian; Jiao, Kexin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing
[Zhang, Jianliang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Xiao, Zhixin] Wuhan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Baosteel Cent Res Inst, Technol Ctr,
Technology Beijing; China Baowu Steel Group
RP Zhang, JL; Zong, YB (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met
& Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM zhang.jianliang@hotmail.com; zongyb@ustb.edu.com
RI liu, xiao/JLL-2119-2023; Yang, Min/JPY-3791-2023
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52174296]; Key Laboratory
of Metallurgical Industry Safety & Risk Prevention and Control, Ministry
of Emergency Management
Foundation of China (52174296) and supported by Key Laboratory of
Metallurgical Industry Safety & Risk Prevention and Control, Ministry of
Emergency Management.
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NR 48
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD SEP 15
PY 2023
VL 348
AR 128595
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128595
EA MAY 2023
PG 11
GA I1TI2
UT WOS:001000673800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wei, DH
Zhang, ZY
Zhao, Q
Kong, J
Zhuang, YX
Xing, PF
AF Wei, Donghui
Zhang, Zhaoyang
Zhao, Qi
Kong, Jian
Zhuang, Yanxin
Xing, Pengfei
TI Preparation of High-Quality Silicon with Silicon Cutting Waste by a
Carbothermal Reduction Method
SO SILICON
LA English
DT Article
DE Recycling; Silicon cutting waste; Thermodynamics; Carbothermal
reduction; High-quality silicon
ID KERF-LOSS SILICON; REMOVAL; ELIMINATION; ALUMINUM
AB Silicon cutting waste (SCW) mainly consists of Si (80 similar to 85 wt%), SiO2
(13 similar to 16 wt%) and other impurities (2 similar to 4 wt%). Nowadays, the Si
in SCW is commercially recycled to produce Si ingots by a slag refining method, but
the SiO2 in SCW is melted into silicon slag and discarded as waste. In this paper,
a carbothermal reduction method has been proposed for recycling Si resources from
both Si and SiO2 in SCW to prepare high-quality silicon in a submerged arc furnace.
Petroleum coke was selected as the carbonaceous reducing agent. Firstly, the
effects of carbon content on the equilibrium compositions of the Si-SiO2-C system
were simulated. Secondly, SCW was mixed with petroleum coke under the guidance of
thermodynamic analysis results. Finally, the mixtures were charged into furnace and
smelted. Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis results showed that the value of
n((Si)):n((C)):n((SiO2)) should be controlled as 2.62:0.22:0.44 theoretically.
Experimental results revealed that the recovery ratio of SCW was 50% and the purity
of Si products was 99.40%. This proposed method provides an effective and
industrialized applicable approach for recycling SCW.
C1 [Wei, Donghui; Kong, Jian; Xing, Pengfei] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang
[Zhang, Zhaoyang; Zhuang, Yanxin] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Electromagnet Proc
Mat, Minist Educ, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Qi] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R
China.
University of Hong Kong
RP Xing, PF (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM xingpf@smm.neu.edu.cn
OI Zhao, Qi/0000-0001-6862-0626
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10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00577
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
SN 1876-990X
EI 1876-9918
J9 SILICON-NETH
JI Silicon
PD SEP
PY 2023
VL 15
IS 14
BP 6323
EP 6328
DI 10.1007/s12633-023-02483-7
EA MAY 2023
PG 6
GA S6IS3
UT WOS:000982378800001
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, JP
Lu, XY
Meng, FY
Li, HL
AF Yang, Jianping
Lu, Xiangying
Meng, Fanyue
Li, Hailong
TI Dissolution behavior of overhaul slag from aluminum reduction cell in a
cryolite-based molten salt system
SO ENERGY REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Overhaul slag; Aluminum electrolysis; Dissolution; Diffusion
ID SPENT; REFRACTORIES
AB The harmless and reclamation disposal of overhaul slag, which is a hazardous
waste from aluminum electrolysis, is a great challenge. Herein, a synergistic
disposal strategy, i.e., adopting the overhaul slag as a raw material together with
aluminum oxide in the aluminum electrolysis process to produce Al-Si alloy, was
proposed. The dissolution behavior of overhaul slag in a cryolite-based molten salt
system was investigated by thermodynamic calculation and dissolution experiments.
The liquidus temperature of molten salt was decreased with the addition of SiO2 and
Al2O3. This suggests that the synergistic disposal of overhaul slag did not cause
an adverse effect on the aluminum electrolysis process. The possible dissolution
products were Na3AlF6, Na5Al3F14, SiO2, NaAlSiO4, NaAlSi3O8, Na2SiO3, Na2SiF6, Na-2
MgAlF7 and SiF4. The addition of Al2O3 could enhance the solubility and dissolution
rate of SiO2 and hence shorten the dissolution time. The dissolution process of
overhaul slag satisfied well with the mass transfer model, suggesting that the
dissolution rate was controlled by the diffusion process. This work provides a
basis for the synergistic disposal of overhaul slag in the aluminum electrolysis
process. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under
the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Yang, Jianping; Lu, Xiangying; Meng, Fanyue; Li, Hailong] Cent South Univ, Sch
Energy Sci & Engn, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
RP Li, HL (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Energy Sci & Engn, Changsha
EM hailongli18@gmail.com
RI Li, Hailong/ABD-5268-2021
OI Li, Hailong/0000-0003-0652-6655
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China [2021JJ30851,
2022JJ20072]; Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of
Hunan Province [2021GK1070-3]; Science and Technology Innovation Program
of Hunan Province [2021RC4005]
China (51906260, 52276145), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan
Province, China (2021JJ30851, 2022JJ20072), the Major Scientific and
Technological Innovation Projects of Hunan Province (2021GK1070-3), and
the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (No.
2021RC4005).
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NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2352-4847
J9 ENERGY REP
JI Energy Rep.
PD AUG
PY 2023
VL 9
SU 6
BP 118
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.04.036
EA APR 2023
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels
SC Energy & Fuels
GA Q5MY5
UT WOS:001057974400012
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Du, PP
Zhang, YZ
Long, Y
Xing, L
AF Du, Peipei
Zhang, Yuzhu
Long, Yue
Xing, Lei
TI Preparation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 inorganic
fibers from melting-separated red mud
LA English
DT Article
DE melting-separated red mud; property; CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 inorganic fiber;
feasibility
ID GLASSES; SPECTRA; IONS
AB To investigate the feasibility of preparing CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 inorganic fibers with
melting-separated red mud, the properties of the melting-separated red mud were
analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal-
thermogravimetric analyses. The composition of the melting-separated red mud
satisfied the requirements for the composition of inorganic fibers. During the
melting of the melting-separated red mud, tetrahedral skeleton fracture reactions
occurred at 1,234 degrees C, anionic group reverse binding occurred at 1,250
degrees C, and there was no other obvious reaction peak during the whole melting
process, which lasted for 51 min. The minimum suitable fiber forming temperature of
the melting-separated red mud melt was 1,433 degrees C, which was 83 degrees C
greater than its crystallization temperature, 1,350 degrees C. Within this
temperature range, the activation energy of particle movement in the melt was
1008.65 kJ.mol(-1), and the melt exhibited good fluidity. Considering the
temperature distribution corresponding to the melting properties of the melting-
separated red mud, CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 inorganic fibers could be prepared when the
melting-separated red mud was subjected to component reconstruction by increasing
the silicon content, reducing the aluminum content, and adding a moderate amount of
calcium. Quartz sand and light burnt dolomite were used as modifying agents and
inorganic fibers were prepared under laboratory conditions. The fibers prepared
from the modified melting-separated red mud by adding different amounts of melting-
separated red mud had smooth surfaces and were arranged in a crossed manner at the
macroscopic level. Their color was grayish-white, and small quantities of slag
balls were doped inside the fibers. With an increase in the amount of melting-
separated red mud from 50 to 100%, the average fiber diameter increased from 5.5 to
8.0 mu m, and their slag ball content increased from 2.9 to 6.0%. Overall, under
laboratory conditions, when the amount of melting-separated red mud added was 50%,
dolomite was 22.5% and quartz sand was 27.5%, the performance of the fiber was the
best.
C1 [Zhang, Yuzhu; Long, Yue; Xing, Lei] North China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Met &
Energy, Tangshan 063009, Peoples R China.
[Du, Peipei] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
C3 North China University of Science & Technology; Northeastern University
- China
RP Long, Y (corresponding author), North China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Met &
EM longyue@ncst.edu.cn
RI cheng, chen/JHS-9462-2023; Liu, Yuan/JFB-4766-2023; WANG,
YANG/JFA-8821-2023; LI, Xiang/JBJ-8387-2023; Zhang, Yusi/JNS-2335-2023;
Chen, Chao/JHS-6563-2023; zhang, xue/JJE-9257-2023; zhao,
lin/JPK-8436-2023; LI, XIAO/JCE-6169-2023; liu, kaiyuan/JHU-0258-2023;
li, jiaxin/JNT-5073-2023; wang, wei/JBS-7400-2023; wang,
xi/JNT-5162-2023; Wang, Han/JJF-2614-2023; li, wl/JJC-0768-2023; zheng,
yan/JKJ-3632-2023; zhang, xiao/JCN-8822-2023; chen, xu/JNT-3068-2023;
zhou, yang/JED-3951-2023
FU National Science Foundation of China [51874138]; Hebei Postgraduate
Innovation Funding [CXZZBS2020135]
FX Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for financial support from the
National Science Foundation of China (51874138), Hebei Postgraduate
Innovation Funding (CXZZBS2020135).
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU DE GRUYTER POLAND SP Z O O
PI WARSAW
PA BOGUMILA ZUGA 32A STR, 01-811 WARSAW, MAZOVIA, POLAND
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD APR 13
PY 2023
VL 42
IS 1
AR 20220272
DI 10.1515/htmp-2022-0272
PG 12
GA D5LU2
UT WOS:000969154800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kong, LZ
Xing, F
Wang, TJ
Wang, LJ
Qian, K
Zang, XM
Yang, J
AF Kong, Lingzhong
Xing, Fei
Wang, Tongjun
Wang, Linjie
Qian, Kun
Zang, Ximin
Yang, Jie
TI Interfacial Reaction Model of High-Al Steel in Continuous Casting Mold
LA English
DT Article
ID REACTION-MECHANISM; KINETIC-MODEL; MASS-TRANSFER; SLAG-METAL; FLUX;
EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM; THERMODYNAMICS; ACCUMULATION; DIFFUSION
AB A three-dimensional species transport model in continuous casting mold has been
developed to describe the interfacial reaction behavior and to clarify the
evolution of composition and properties of the mold flux for high-Al steel. The
reaction experiment and plant trial were conducted to verify the model predictions.
The results show that the interfacial reaction rate is the main factor affecting
the composition distribution of the mold flux. The reaction interface above the
upflow zone of molten steel has a fast update rate, resulting in a rapid increase
in the Al2O3 content in mold flux in this area. In addition, the mold flux near the
nozzle stays in the liquid pool for a longer time to react with the molten steel,
leading to the accumulation of Al2O3. The Al2O3 content in the solid film is
slightly lower than that of the liquid pool due to the solidification of liquid
mold flux in the early stage. The interfacial reaction increases the viscosity of
the mold flux and reduces the thickness of the liquid film, thereby reducing the
flux consumption.
C1 [Kong, Lingzhong; Wang, Tongjun; Wang, Linjie; Zang, Ximin; Yang, Jie] Univ Sci
& Technol Liaoning, Coll Mat & Met, Anshan 114051, Peoples R China.
[Xing, Fei] Ansteel Iron & Steel Res Inst, Anshan 114009, Peoples R China.
[Qian, Kun] Naval Aeronaut Univ, Coll Coastal Def Force, Yantai 26400, Peoples R
China.
RP Yang, J (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Liaoning, Coll Mat & Met,
EM jierui1120@163.com
FU Major Program of Liaoning Province [2020JH1/10100001]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51904046, 52274337]
FX AcknowledgmentsThe authors are especially grateful to the Major Program
of Liaoning Province (Grant Number 2020JH1/10100001) and the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 51904046, 52274337).
CR CALDERON FP, 1971, METALL TRANS, V2, P3325, DOI 10.1007/BF02811613
HENDERSON J, 1961, T METALL SOC AIME, V221, P56
Hu J, 2019, J MATER SCI, V54, P6565, DOI 10.1007/s10853-018-03291-w
Hu J, 2018, MATER CHARACT, V136, P20, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2017.11.058
Hwang SW, 2011, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V528, P7267, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2011.06.020
Kim MS, 2018, CALPHAD, V61, P105, DOI 10.1016/j.calphad.2018.02.010
603
Ukyo Y., 1982, TETSU TO HAGANE, V68, P1981, DOI
Wu T, 2016, MATER TRANS, V57, P58, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.M2015311
445
315
2019-291
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD JUN
PY 2023
VL 54
IS 3
BP 1546
EP 1554
DI 10.1007/s11663-023-02780-x
EA APR 2023
PG 9
Engineering
GA F8WP0
UT WOS:000965559200003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abd Halim, MH
Mokhtar, NAM
Masnan, SSK
Talib, NK
Jusoh, AF
Saidin, M
AF Abd Halim, Mohd Hasfarisham
Mokhtar, Naizatul Akma Mohd
Masnan, Shyeh Sahibul Karamah
Talib, Nor Khairunnisa
Jusoh, Ahmad Fadly
Saidin, Mokhtar
TI X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of iron ore at ancient Kedah iron
smelting site, Sungai Batu archaeological complex, Bujang Valley, Kedah,
Malaysia
SO HELIYON
LA English
DT Article
DE Ancient Kedah; Sungai Batu archaeological complex; XRF; Iron ore; Survey
AB Archaeological excavations carried out on 17 iron smelting workshops at the
Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex have found the raw materials of iron industry
(hematite, magnetite and geotite) with iron slag, tuyere, remains of furnace, and
iron ingots. In order to obtain primary data related to the location of the raw
materials of iron smelting obtained, the survey and mapping activities were carried
out using geological maps and Sungai Petani maps around UiTM Merbok, Bukit Inas,
Merbok, Batu 5 Village, Paya Suri Village and Ayer Nasi Hill, Semeling. The results
of the iron ore survey were then subjected to scientific analysis to compare the
mineral composition with the findings of iron ore at the iron smelting site. The
results of X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of iron ore for major elements reveal
the elements silica oxide (SiO2), iron oxide (FeO+), manganese oxide (MnO), calcium
oxide (CaO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2) as well as arsenic
(As), Chlorine (Cl), copper (Cu), scandium (S), vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn) for
trace elements clearly show the raw material of iron smelting in the Archaeological
Complex Sungai Batu is from the same source. Based on the analysis of the raw
materials of iron smelting to enable the iron smelting industry in the
Archaeological Complex to take place is taken from a distance of 1-11 km from this
complex.
C1 [Masnan, Shyeh Sahibul Karamah; Talib, Nor Khairunnisa; Jusoh, Ahmad Fadly] Univ
Sains Malaysia, Ctr Global Archaeol Res, George Town, Malaysia.
C3 Universiti Sains Malaysia
RP Masnan, SSK (corresponding author), Univ Sains Malaysia, Ctr Global Archaeol
Res, George Town, Malaysia.
EM mhasfarisham@gmail.com; naizatulm@gmail.com; shyehsahibul@usm.my;
norkhairunnisa@usm.my; ahmad_fadly@usm.my; mokhtarsaidin@gmail.com
RI Masnan, Shyeh Sahibul Karamah/ADB-8613-2022; Masnan, Shyeh Sahibul
Karamah/B-5849-2018
OI jusoh, ahmad fadly/0000-0002-8723-1201; Abd Halim, Mohd
Hasfarisham/0000-0002-3133-253X; Masnan, Shyeh Sahibul
Karamah/0000-0003-2907-0558
FU Grant of Malaysia and Global Archeology Research [1001/PARKEO/870015,
304/PARKEO/650953/L127]
FX This study was conducted under the Grant of Malaysia and Global
Archeology Research (1001/PARKEO/870015) and (304/PARKEO/650953/L127) .
CR Ahmad N.H., 2021, WEB SISW ARK ANT 202
Aljuboori S.A., 2012, IRAQI J SCI, V4, P1207
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Wilson A., 2011, MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY, P33
Winstedt Richard Olof, 1920, J MALAYAN BRANCH R A, V81, P29
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 50 HAMPSHIRE ST, FLOOR 5, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
EI 2405-8440
J9 HELIYON
JI Heliyon
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 9
IS 4
AR e14850
DI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14850
PG 12
GA H6RJ0
UT WOS:000997208400001
PM 37123952
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Deng, XC
Wei, KX
Ma, WH
Tang, QW
Zhang, H
AF Deng, Xiao-cong
Wei, Kui-xian
Ma, Wen-hui
Tang, Qi-wei
Zhang, Hui
TI Separation of phosphorus from metallurgical-grade silicon via micro
negative pressure during oxidative ladle refining
LA English
DT Article
DE oxidative ladle refining; micro negative pressure; separation;
phosphorus; metallurgical-grade silicon
ID BORON REMOVAL; MOLTEN SILICON; MECHANISM; ALLOY; PURIFICATION; ALUMINUM;
CALCIUM; MELT
AB The stable separation of P from metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) was achieved
by introducing a micro negative-pressure (MNP) environment with oxidative ladle
refining. The average relative removal efficiency of P was increased from -1.9428%
to 21.7638% with the introduction of MNP environment. During MNP oxidative ladle
refining (MNPOLR), P was not enriched in slag and instead was separated via gas
phase transfer. Despite the low boiling point of P and its highly saturated vapor
pressure, the volatilization of P was controlled by gas diffusion during
conventional oxidative ladle refining. The continuous separation of fume via MNPOLR
weakened the diffusion resistance of P in the gas phase, efficiently separating P
from MG-Si. Therefore, MNPOLR is an effective P separation technique that can be
widely applied.
C1 [Deng, Xiao-cong; Wei, Kui-xian; Ma, Wen-hui; Tang, Qi-wei; Zhang, Hui] Kunming
Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Deng, Xiao-cong; Wei, Kui-xian; Ma, Wen-hui; Tang, Qi-wei; Zhang, Hui] Kunming
Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Kui-xian; Ma, Wen-hui] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab MOST Clean
Utilizat Complex Nonferrous Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
RP Wei, KX (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Met & Energy
Engn, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.; Wei, KX (corresponding author), Kunming
Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.;
Wei, KX (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Key Lab MOST Clean
Utilizat Complex Nonferrous Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
EM kxwei2008@hotmail.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1902219]; Yunnan Young
and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leader Reserve Talent Project,
China [2018HB009]; Yunnan Outstanding YouthScience Foundation, China
[202101AV070007]; Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan
Province, China [2019ZE007, 202002AB080002]
FX Acknowledgments The authors are grateful for the financial supports from
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1902219) , the
Yunnan Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leader Reserve
Talent Project, China (No. 2018HB009) , the Yunnan Outstanding
YouthScience Foundation, China (No. 202101AV070007) , and the Major
Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province, China (Nos.
2019ZE007, 202002AB080002)
CR Bjornstad EL, 2021, METALL MATER TRANS B, V52, P1392, DOI 10.1007/s11663-021-
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1
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10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.117
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Zhang C, 2017, VACUUM, V146, P159, DOI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.08.037
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1
Zhu MY, 2021, SEP PURIF TECHNOL, V271, DOI 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118675
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 33
IS 4
BP 1296
EP 1304
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(23)66183
PG 9
GA I7BG2
UT WOS:001004295400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Seyrek, M
Thackray, R
AF Seyrek, Mustafa
Thackray, Richard
TI Effect of CaO/Al2O3 Ratio on Physical Properties
of Lime-Alumina-Based Mould Powders
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE high-Al steels; mould powder; C; A ratio; crystallinity; steel-slag
interaction
ID HIGH AL STEEL; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TRANSFER; FLUX; VISCOSITY;
GLASS; B2O3; SLAG; NA2O
AB High-aluminium steels contain a significant amount of aluminium. The reaction
between Al in the liquid steel and SiO2 in lime-silica-based mould powders during
the continuous casting process of high Al steel causes chemical compositional
changes in the mould powders, subsequently affecting the surface quality of slabs.
In order to solve the aforementioned problem, lime-alumina-based mould powders have
been developed, which can lead to an increase in the surface quality of cast slabs
by inhibiting steel/slag interaction. However, the mould slag tends to crystallise
easily, which leads to a deterioration of the mould lubrication. In view of this
aspect, it is important to develop and optimize lime-alumina-based mould powders to
meet the requirements of continuous casting of high-aluminium steels. In this
study, the changes in crystallinity, viscosity and melting temperature of lime-
alumina-based mould powders with the effects of increasing the CaO/Al2O3 ratio have
been observed through STA (Simultaneous Thermal Analysis), HSM (Hot Stage
Microscopy), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), IPT (Inclined Plate Test) and rotational
viscometer. The crystallisation behaviour of these mould powders was evaluated by
generating CCT (continuous cooling transformation) diagrams. Additionally, the
changes in steel chemistry have also been analysed using XRF (X-ray fluorescence)
and ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer). The results of these
analyses demonstrated that crystallinity of lime-alumina-based mould powder is
increased while the initial crystallisation temperature and viscosity are decreased
by CaO/Al2O3 additions. However, the degree of steel/slag interaction decreases
with an increase in Al2O3 content.
C1 [Seyrek, Mustafa] Hitit Univ, Vocat Sch Tech Sci, TR-19169 Corum, Turkiye.
[Thackray, Richard] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD,
England.
C3 Hitit University; University of Sheffield
RP Thackray, R (corresponding author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Sheffield S1 3JD, England.
EM r.thackray@sheffield.ac.uk
OI Thackray, Richard/0000-0003-2573-0221; SEYREK,
MUSTAFA/0000-0001-5386-4804
CR Blazek K., 2011, IRON STEEL TECHNOL, V8, P232
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Li Z., 2004, 7 INT C MOLT SLGAS F
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09261]
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.081
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 4
AR 719
DI 10.3390/met13040719
PG 20
Engineering
GA E8AB9
UT WOS:000977695700001
OA Green Accepted, gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhan, ZH
Zhang, YL
Shi, RX
Qiao, T
Wang, GB
Cheng, GG
AF Zhan, Zhonghua
Zhang, Yanling
Shi, Ruxing
Qiao, Tong
Wang, Guanbo
Cheng, Guoguang
TI Effect of Slag Basicity on Non-Metallic Inclusions and Cleanliness of
15-5PH Stainless Steel
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE slag basicity; 15-5PH stainless steel; non-metallic inclusions;
cleanliness; work of adhesion
ID OXIDE INCLUSION; DISSOLUTION; AL; EVOLUTION; TITANIUM; REMOVAL; MGAL2O4;
AL2O3; CAO
AB Few reports exist on the effect of the basicity of refining slag on inclusions
in 15-5PH stainless steel and its removal efficiency. In this study, the effects of
various basicities on the formation and removal efficiency of inclusions in molten
steel were investigated. To investigate the effect of the chemical makeup of slag
on the non-metallic inclusions in liquid steel, laboratory experiments and
thermodynamic calculations were conducted on CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaF2 slag with
various slag basicities and 15-5PH stainless steel. In the steel samples that had
reacted with high-basicity slag samples, the magnesium content and aluminum yield
were higher. Thermodynamic findings according to the ion and molecule coexistence
theory showed that log (a(3) SiO2 / a(2) Al2O3) decreases as slag basicity
increases. This increases the Al concentration in liquid steel while decreasing the
Si content. Log (a(3)MgO/aAl(2)O(3)) also increases, increasing the Mg content of
the molten steel. With this, the transformation order of oxide inclusions is
Al2O3 ! MgAl2O4 ! MgO. High-basicity slag increases the attachment of slag to
inclusions and generates MgAl2O4 inclusions that are more easily adsorbed by
inclusions in molten steel, thereby improving the cleanliness of molten steel.
C1 [Zhan, Zhonghua; Zhang, Yanling; Qiao, Tong; Wang, Guanbo; Cheng, Guoguang] Univ
[Shi, Ruxing] CITIC Heavy Machinery Co Ltd, Luoyang 471039, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, YL (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
EM ustbzly1108@163.com
RI zhang, xue/JJE-9257-2023; ZHAO, S/IWV-4219-2023; zhang,
hao/JOJ-7093-2023; Liu, yujing/JQI-7225-2023; Liu, Zhiyu/JNR-8043-2023;
Zhang, Yun/JCN-7026-2023
OI Liu, Zhiyu/0000-0001-8351-1268; , yanling zhang/0000-0001-9120-6685
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1960201]; National Key
R&D Program of China [2019YFC1905701]
FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (U1960201) and the National Key R&D Program of China
(2019YFC1905701).
CR Abdeyazdan H, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P208, DOI 10.1007/s11663-014-
0207-8
da Rocha VC, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P1423, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-
0935-7
Duan SC, 2022, ISIJ INT, V62, P1561, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2022-
015
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2020-696
Gao M., 2022, J EXP CLIN CANC RES, V39, P5
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332
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364
640
Peng LZ, 2020, CALPHAD, V70, DOI 10.1016/j.calphad.2020.101782
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2021-064
Zhang J, 2001, CALPHAD, V25, P343, DOI 10.1016/S0364-5916(01)00054-2
Zouvelou N, 2007, INT J ADHES ADHES, V27, P380, DOI
10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2006.09.005
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 7
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 4
AR 750
DI 10.3390/met13040750
PG 17
Engineering
GA F1HG6
UT WOS:000979920800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Jiang, KX
Xie, F
Lu, DK
AF Zhang, Lei
Jiang, Kaixi
Xie, Feng
Lu, Diankun
TI Relation between Viscosity and Conductivity of
CaO-MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 System for
Copper Smelting Slags
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE copper smelting slag; aluminum oxide; viscosity; conductivity;
structural unit
ID LOCAL SILICON ENVIRONMENTS; OXIDE MELTS RELEVANT; MODEL; NMR
AB The viscosity and conductivity of the smelting slag of copper oxide concentrate
are important for reducing the operating temperature. In this study, seven slag
samples were prepared by the reductive smelting of copper oxide concentrate with
different ferrous oxide contents. The viscosity and conductivity data of these CaO-
MgO-FeO-Al2O3-SiO2 samples were measured in the temperature range of 1290 similar
to 1410 degrees C. Based on the structural features of aluminosilicate melts, the
change and dependency relationships of their viscosity and conductivity were
analyzed. The results show that there is a strong tendency to form orthosilicate
even when the slag composition is acidic. The formation of fayalite would allow
more Al3+ to form pyroxene with the six-coordinated structure. As a result, the
polymerization degree and viscosity of the melt will be reduced. The [AlO](4)(5-)
as a network former will reduce the bonding strength of the structural units, thus
reducing the slag viscosity at high temperature. In the experimental range, the
logarithm of viscosity of each slag sample has a good linear relationship with its
logarithm of conductivity. However, there is no uniform linear equation for these
complex slags with wide composition variations. These results have potential
guiding significance for the copper smelting process.
C1 [Zhang, Lei; Jiang, Kaixi; Xie, Feng; Lu, Diankun] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
[Zhang, Lei] BGRIMM Technol Grp, Met Res & Design Inst, Beijing 100044, Peoples
R China.
[Jiang, Kaixi] Fuzhou Univ, Zijin Sch Geol & Min, Fuzhou 350108, Peoples R
China.
C3 Northeastern University - China; Fuzhou University
RP Lu, DK (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
EM ludk@smm.neu.edu.cn
FU National Key R&D Program of China [2019YFC1907304]
FX This research was funded by National Key R&D Program of China
[2019YFC1907304]. And The APC was funded by [2019YFC1907304].
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NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 4
AR 786
DI 10.3390/met13040786
PG 10
Engineering
GA F1IG7
UT WOS:000979946900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Meng, YF
Li, ZY
Gao, M
Chen, H
Zhang, C
AF Meng, Yunfei
Li, Zeyu
Gao, Ming
Chen, Hui
Zhang, Chen
TI Parameter Optimization and Mechanism of Synchronous Wire-Powder Arc
Melting Deposition of Aluminum Alloy
LA English
DE aluminum alloy; power formula; synchronous wire-powder feeding; windy
environment; wind resistance; wire arc melting deposition
ID FLUX-CORED WIRE; STABILITY
AB Because of the great sensitivity of arc burning to airflow and wind direction,
wire arc melting deposition of aluminum alloy focuses on indoor conditions, and
cannot meet the needs of on-site manufacturing. The synchronous wire-powder feeding
was proposed to improve the wind resistance of arc melting deposition. The
parameters optimization was first carried out in a windless environment, and then
the effects of powder formula on the bead formation in a windy environment and the
related stabilization mechanism were studied. It was found that wire arc melting
deposition showed obvious process instability when the ambient wind speed exceeded
1 m/s, and completely unable to form at wind speed of 3 m/s, while the wind
resistance of synchronous wire-powder arc melting deposition was improved to 3.5
m/s through the optimized powder formula of 90 Mg-5TiO(2)-5NaF (wt.%). The
stabilization mechanism of powder formula was concluded that the Mg promoted the
arc ionization and enhanced its stability, the TiO2 and NaF improved the wetting
and spreadability of liquid metal by reducing its melt viscosity and formed a slag
layer to protect the molten pool from the excessive interference of external wind.
C1 [Meng, Yunfei; Chen, Hui] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Chengdu
[Meng, Yunfei; Chen, Hui] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Key Lab Adv Technol Mat,
Minist Educ, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.
[Li, Zeyu; Gao, Ming] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect,
[Zhang, Chen] Wuhan Univ, Inst Technol Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
C3 Southwest Jiaotong University; Southwest Jiaotong University; Huazhong
University of Science & Technology; Wuhan University
RP Chen, H (corresponding author), Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Chengdu 610031, Peoples R China.; Chen, H (corresponding author), Southwest
Jiaotong Univ, Key Lab Adv Technol Mat, Minist Educ, Chengdu 610031, Peoples R
China.; Zhang, C (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ, Inst Technol Sci, Wuhan
EM xnrpt@swjtu.edu.cn; c.zhang@whu.edu.cn
RI chen, xu/JNT-3068-2023; zhang, chen/JES-0371-2023; Yang,
Jie/JDM-6213-2023; chen, Chen/JKJ-2122-2023; wang, KiKi/JFZ-3334-2023;
Chen, Yu/JLL-0171-2023; Li, Wei/JLL-4365-2023; zhou, yang/JED-3951-2023;
wu, p/JDW-5015-2023; yang, li/JGM-1009-2023; zhang, xinyu/JKI-8403-2023;
Liu, Jie/JCP-1070-2023; yuan, lin/JDW-7387-2023; zhang,
hao/JOJ-7093-2023; Li, Zeyu/GXM-4336-2022; Zhang, Shiwei/JIY-4344-2023;
zhang, yan/JGL-8022-2023; Zhang, Wei/JKI-3565-2023; Zhang,
Yun/JCN-7026-2023; li, xiang/JCN-9316-2023; xu, chen/JNE-5010-2023; li,
Li/JPA-0218-2023; Yang, Jing/JFK-4046-2023; liu, yang/JMB-9083-2023;
yang, peng/JEZ-8452-2023; Liu, yujing/JQI-7225-2023; liu,
xiao/JLL-2119-2023
OI Yang, Jie/0000-0002-3941-0053; Yang, Jing/0009-0004-8274-9863; Meng,
Yunfei/0000-0001-5184-0593; Zhang, Chen/0000-0001-5440-3911
FU Foundation of National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing
[6142005200401]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [52205360,
52075393]
FX The work was supported by the Foundation of National Key Laboratory for
Remanufacturing (Grant Number 6142005200401) and the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 52205360, 52075393).
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Zhou S., 2022, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V82, P159
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
PD 2023 MAR 31
PY 2023
DI 10.1007/s11665-023-08138-3
EA MAR 2023
PG 14
GA C3VJ6
UT WOS:000961228600002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xie, BY
Liu, CX
Wei, BH
Wang, RX
Ren, RS
AF Xie, Boyi
Liu, Chaxiang
Wei, Bohan
Wang, Ruixiang
Ren, Rushan
TI Recovery of rare earth elements from waste phosphors via alkali fusion
roasting and controlled potential reduction leaching
SO WASTE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Waste phosphors; Alkali fusion roasting; Controlled potential reduction
leaching; Rare earth elements; Leaching efficiency
ID TUBE CRT PHOSPHOR; MECHANICAL ACTIVATION; FLUORESCENT LAMPS; YTTRIUM;
POWDER
AB Waste phosphors, which contain the quantity of rare earth and toxic metals, need
to be recycled for both environmental protection and the sustainable development of
rare earth resources. Due to the magnesium-aluminum spinel structure, it is
difficult to extract cerium and terbium from waste phosphors. In this study, a
facile process for recovering rare earth elements from waste phosphors was
developed. First, the waste phosphors were alkali roasted to destroy the aluminum-
magnesium spinel structure in the blue and green powders. NaOH was found to be a
more suitable additive than Na2CO3, NaHCO3, and K2CO3 for alkali roasting. Then,
the roasted slag was washed with water to remove the aluminum and controlled
potential reduction leaching was conducted. FeCl2 was used as the reductant (dosage
of 0.04) in the 3 mol.L-1 HCl solution at a leaching temperature of 50 degrees C
for 60 min. The leaching efficiencies of Y, Eu, Ce, and Tb were up to 99.1 %, 99.4
%, 98.6 %, and 98.8 %, respectively. The reduction leaching process obeys the
shrinking core model and depends on the diffusion. This process can effectively
improve the leaching efficiency of rare earth elements from waste phosphors and
provides theoretical and technical support for the recycling of waste phosphors.
C1 Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Mat Met & Chem, Ganzhou 341000, Peoples R China.
Ganzhou Engn Technol Res Ctr Green Met & Proc Int, Ganzhou 341000, Peoples R
China.
Minist Nat Resources, Key Lab Ion Rare Earth Resources & Environm, Ganzhou
C3 Jiangxi University of Science & Technology; Ministry of Natural
Resources of the People's Republic of China
RP Wang, RX (corresponding author), Jiangxi Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Mat Met & Chem,
1958 Kejia Rd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
EM wrx9022@163.com
RI Xie, Boyi/AAB-8403-2020
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52064022]; Distinguished
Professor Program of Jinggang Scholars in institutions of higher
learning, Jiangxi Province; Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education
Science and Technology Research Project [GJJ180437]; Jiangxi University
of Science and Technology Landing Project [2021016]
China (No. 52064022) ; the Distinguished Professor Program of Jinggang
Scholars in institutions of higher learning, Jiangxi Province; the
Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology
Research Project (No. GJJ180437) ; and the Jiangxi University of Science
and Technology Landing Project (No. 2021016) . We thank LetPub (
www.letpub.com ) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of
this manuscript.
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10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.057
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Yurramendi L, 2019, HYDROMETALLURGY, V187, P38, DOI
10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.04.030
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 21
PI OXFORD
SN 0956-053X
EI 1879-2456
J9 WASTE MANAGE
JI Waste Manage.
PD MAY 15
PY 2023
VL 163
BP 43
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.03.029
EA MAR 2023
PG 9
GA D9DR0
UT WOS:000971664400001
PM 37001311
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, JJ
Qian, JB
Yang, L
Wang, HF
AF Lu, Jijun
Qian, Jiangbing
Yang, Lei
Wang, Huafang
TI Preparation and Performance Optimization of Organosilicon Slag
Exothermic Insulating Riser
LA English
DE Exothermic insulating riser; Organosilicon slag; Orthogonal optimization
AB The exothermic insulating riser played an important role in the solidification
process of metal liquid for the improvement of casting quality. This paper focused
on the use of organosilicon slag to replace part of the aluminum powder as an
exothermic agent for the riser, to reduce production costs and turn waste into
treasure. The experiments firstly studied the effect of organosilicon slag content
on the combustion temperature and holding time and determined the components of the
riser exothermic agent and organosilicon slag. On this basis, the effects of the
content of Na3AlF6 flux and alkali phenolic resin binder on the combustion heating
time and strength properties of the riser were studied. And the ratio of mixed
oxidants was determined by single-factor orthogonal experiments to optimize the
addition of three oxidants, Fe3O4, MnO2, and KNO3. Finally, the performance of the
riser prepared after optimization was compared with that of the riser prepared with
general aluminum powder. The results showed that with the mixture of 21%
organosilicon slag and 14% aluminum powder as the exothermic agent, the highest
combustion temperature of the prepared exothermic insulating riser was 1451 degrees
C and the holding time was 193 s; the optimal content of Na3AlF6 flux was 4%, and
the best addition alkali phenolic resin binder was 12%; the optimized mixing ratio
of three oxidants was 12% for Fe3O4, 6% for MnO2, and 6% for KNO3. Under the
optimized ratio, the maximum combustion temperature of the homemade riser was 52
degrees C and the heat preservation time was 14% longer compared with the
conventional exothermic insulating riser with 25-35% aluminum powder.
C1 [Lu, Jijun; Qian, Jiangbing; Yang, Lei; Wang, Huafang] Wuhan Text Univ, Sch Mech
Engn & Automation, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
C3 Wuhan Textile University
RP Wang, HF (corresponding author), Wuhan Text Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automation,
Wuhan, Peoples R China.
EM wanghfhust@163.com
FU State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing
Technologies; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[J2124010,51405348,51575405]; Hubei Provincial Natural Science
Foundation of China [2018CFB673]
FX This work was supported by State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials
and Advanced Processing Technologies (No.FZ2021014) ; the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (J2124010,51405348,51575405) ; the
Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2018CFB673) .
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[10.30534/ijeter/2020/115882020, DOI 10.30534/IJETER/2020/115882020]
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Vasková I, 2017, ARCH FOUNDRY ENG, V17, P131, DOI 10.1515/afe-2017-0064
[王金可 Wang Jinke], 2022, [高校化学工程学报, Journal of Chemical Engineering of
Chinese Universities], V36, P9
Wang TL, 2022, METALS-BASEL, V12, DOI 10.3390/met12030412
[韦岳长 Wei Yuechang], 2021, [材料导报, Materials Review], V35, P21022
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NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1897-3310
EI 2299-2944
J9 ARCH FOUNDRY ENG
PD 2023 MAR 23
PY 2023
DI 10.24425/afe.2023.144283
EA MAR 2023
PG 8
GA A3IO4
UT WOS:000954104900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, B
Wu, W
Zhi, JG
Su, C
Zhang, JH
AF Zhao, Bo
Wu, Wei
Zhi, Jianguo
Su, Cheng
Zhang, Jiahua
TI Study on the formation mechanism of clogging layer of rare earth
microalloyed Q355 steel's submerged entry nozzle and process
optimization
LA English
DT Article
DE Rare earth steel Q355; aluminium carbon nozzle; blocking layer; reaction
mechanism; rare earth inclusions; submerged nozzle; process
optimization; calcium treatment
AB The formation mechanism of the clogging layer of the alumina-carbon submerged
entry nozzle in the smelting process of rare earth Q355 steel was investigated in
this paper. First, the inclusions in the molten steel were discovered to be
primarily composed of CaAl2O4, MgO, CaS, and CeAlO3. The mass fraction of solid
inclusions increases as the rare earth content increases, and the proportion of
inclusions, primarily CaAl2O4, changes. Calcium titanate and cerium aluminate
formation can be inhibited by high [Ca] content. XRD and scanning electron
microscopy were then used to examine the phase composition and morphology of the
inner and outer arcs of the clogging nodules. The clogging was found to be divided
into three layers: the nozzle matrix, the reaction layer, and the steel layer.
Finally, it is concluded that the dissolution of C element in refractory material
is the cause of nozzle blockage, and the core cause of nozzle blockage is the
deposition of Al2O3, CaAl2O4, and rare earth compounds. Meanwhile, solutions to
nozzle blockage are provided from the perspectives of top slag optimization, the
deoxidization process, the calcium treatment process, and protective pouring.
C1 [Zhao, Bo; Wu, Wei] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Co Ltd, Met Technol Inst,
[Zhi, Jianguo; Zhang, Jiahua] Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co Ltd, Tech
Ctr, Inner Mongolia Baotou, Peoples R China.
[Zhi, Jianguo; Su, Cheng] Inner Mongolia Enterprise Key Lab Rare Earth Steel,
Inner Mongolia Baotou, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Wei] Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Co Ltd, Met Technol Inst, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
RP Wu, W (corresponding author), Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Co Ltd, Met Technol
Inst, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM wuweineu@163.com
RI LI, Xiang/JBJ-8387-2023
FU Central Government to Guide Local Science and Technology Development
Funds [2020ZY0034]; Baotou Science and Technology Bureau Program
[XM2021CXZX01]
FX This research has been supported by Central Government to Guide Local
Science and Technology Development Funds (2020ZY0034) and the Baotou
Science and Technology Bureau Program (XM2021CXZX01).
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10.1080/03019233.2016.1245916
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Wen L., 2019, SPECTROSC SPECT ANAL, V39, P10
Xie YM, 2022, METALL MATER TRANS B, V53, P1484, DOI 10.1007/s11663-022-02458-w
Yan LG, 2021, JOM-US, V73, P3910, DOI 10.1007/s11837-021-04869-7
Yang F., 2019, BAOTOU STEEL TECHNOL, V45, P27
Yin L, 2021, CORROS SCI, V179, DOI 10.1016/j.corsci.2020.109141
Zhou SC, 2013, METALLURGIST+, V57, P510, DOI 10.1007/s11015-013-9761-6
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 11
PI ABINGDON
SN 0301-9233
EI 1743-2812
J9 IRONMAK STEELMAK
PD AUG 9
PY 2023
VL 50
IS 7
BP 782
EP 793
DI 10.1080/03019233.2023.2185738
EA MAR 2023
PG 12
GA N6QN4
UT WOS:000961983000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, R
Shi, L
Huang, HY
Yuan, J
AF Chen, Rui
Shi, Lin
Huang, Haoyong
Yuan, Jie
TI Extraction of Iron and Alumina from Red Mud with a Non-Harmful
Magnetization Sintering Process
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE red mud; harmless utilization; mineralogical analysis; MgFe2O4; leaching
parameter
ID RECOVERY; MGFE2O4; TEMPERATURE; ADSORPTION; SYSTEM; PHASE; OXIDE; SLAG
AB Red mud, which could cause numerous problems to the environment, is a hazardous
waste generated from the alumina smelting industry. In general, the storage and
harmless utilization of red mud are hard to implement due to its fine particle size
and high alkalinity. This study put forward a novel process to separate iron
(MgFe2O4) and alumina (Al2O3) in red mud by a magnetization sintering method. The
magnesium oxide was added to transform the nonmagnetic Fe2O3 into magnetic MgFe2O4
to achieve physical separation of iron-bearing minerals, and the alumina-bearing
minerals were converted into dissoluble NaAlO2 minerals in a one-step reaction. The
atmospheric pressure leaching process was adopted in this study for alumina
resource recovery. To achieve clean alumina production, the silicate in the
leaching solution was removed by adding the slightly soluble CaSO4, and the entire
process becomes clean and harmless. The feasibility of the process was verified by
thermodynamic analysis, and a series of experiments were performed to detect the
optimum MgO/(Fe2O3 + MgO) ratio and the calcining and leaching conditions. The
morphological and mineralogical characteristics of modified red mud, leaching red
mud, and magnetic separation product were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis
(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).
It was observed that under the optimal conditions with MgO/(Fe2O3 + MgO) of 14.89%
to recover iron and aluminum, the corresponding recovery rates were 67.54% and
73.01% respectively, and the iron grade was 30.46%. The EDS results showed that the
obtained Mg/Fe ratio of the magnetic separation product was 0.4677-0.528, which is
slightly different from that of the standard MgFe2O4 at 0.5. This new method can
promote the development of comprehensive utilization of red mud and iron
production.
C1 [Chen, Rui; Shi, Lin; Huang, Haoyong; Yuan, Jie] South China Univ Technol, Sch
Environm & Energy, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Rui; Shi, Lin; Huang, Haoyong; Yuan, Jie] South China Univ Technol, Key
Lab Pollut Control & Ecosyst Restorat Ind Clus, Minist Educ, Guangzhou 510006,
Peoples R China.
[Shi, Lin] Zhongshan Inst Modern Ind Technol SCUT, Zhongshan 528400, Peoples R
China.
C3 South China University of Technology; South China University of
Technology
RP Shi, L (corresponding author), South China Univ Technol, Sch Environm & Energy,
Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.; Shi, L (corresponding author), South China Univ
Technol, Key Lab Pollut Control & Ecosyst Restorat Ind Clus, Minist Educ, Guangzhou
510006, Peoples R China.; Shi, L (corresponding author), Zhongshan Inst Modern Ind
Technol SCUT, Zhongshan 528400, Peoples R China.
EM celshi@scut.edu.cn
FU Social Public Welfare and Basic Research Project of Zhongshan City
[2020B2004]; Key Research and Development Program of Guangzhou City
[202206010053]
FX This work was supported financially by the Social Public Welfare and
Basic Research Project of Zhongshan City [No. 2020B2004] and Key
Research and Development Program of Guangzhou City [No. 202206010053].
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NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 13
IS 3
AR 452
DI 10.3390/min13030452
PG 19
GA A9EM7
UT WOS:000958077700001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Long, X
Long, SL
Luo, WB
Li, X
Tu, CP
Na, YH
Xu, JX
AF Long, Xiao
Long, Shaolei
Luo, Wenbo
Li, Xiang
Tu, Changping
Na, Yunhao
Xu, Jinxin
TI Crystallization of Slag Films of
CaO-Al2O3-BaO-CaF2-Li2O-Base
d Mold Fluxes for High-Aluminum Steels' Continuous Casting
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE mold flux; CaO-Al2O3-based; slag film; crystallization
ID HIGH AL STEEL; HEAT-TRANSFER; SOLIDIFIED FILMS; REDUCTION
AB In this study, solidified films of CaO-Al2O3-BaO-CaF2-Li2O-based mold fluxes
with different contents of Al2O3 addition were acquired by immersing an improved
water-cooled copper probe in bulk molten slags. This probe can obtain films with
representative structures. Different slag temperatures and probe immersion times
were employed to investigate the crystallization process. The crystals in the
solidified films were identified using X-ray diffraction, the morphologies of the
crystals were observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,
and the kinetic conditions, especially the activation energy of devitrified
crystallization in glassy slags, were calculated and discussed based on the
differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that after adding extra
Al2O3, the growing speed and thickness of the solidified films increased, and more
time was required for the film thickness to reach a steady state. In addition, fine
spinel (MgAl2O4) precipitated in the films at the early stage of solidification
after adding 10 wt% of extra Al2O3. Together with LiAlO2, spinel (MgAl2O4) acted as
nuclei for the precipitation of BaAl2O4. The apparent activation energy of initial
devitrified crystallization decreased from 314.16 KJ/mol (original slag) to 297.32
KJ/mol (5 wt% Al2O3 added) and 269.46 KJ/mol (10 wt% Al2O3 added). The
crystallization ratio of the films also increased after adding extra Al2O3.
C1 [Long, Xiao; Long, Shaolei; Luo, Wenbo; Li, Xiang; Tu, Changping; Na, Yunhao;
Xu, Jinxin] Guizhou Inst Technol, Sch Mat & Energy Engn, Guiyang 550003, Peoples R
China.
C3 Guizhou Institute of Technology
RP Long, X; Luo, WB (corresponding author), Guizhou Inst Technol, Sch Mat & Energy
EM llx580@sina.com; wbcsu2021@163.com
RI Luo, Wenbo/F-8727-2010
OI Luo, Wenbo/0000-0002-3528-2111; Long, Xiao/0000-0001-7141-4102
Foundation of Guizhou Province [Qian Ke He Ji Chu [2020]1Y221]; Growth
Project of Young Scientific and Technological Talents in Universities of
Guizhou Province; Guizhou Institute of Technology high-level talent
research launch project [Qian Jiao He KY Zi (2021)262]; [XJGC20190963]
China (51904083), Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou Province (Qian
Ke He Ji Chu [2020]1Y221), Growth Project of Young Scientific and
Technological Talents in Universities of Guizhou Province [Qian Jiao He
KY Zi (2021)262], and Guizhou Institute of Technology high-level talent
research launch project [XJGC20190963].
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.07.029
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231
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2019-251
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2019-291
Zhao BB, 2022, METALS-BASEL, V12, DOI 10.3390/met12030391
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 16
IS 5
AR 1903
DI 10.3390/ma16051903
PG 12
Physics
GA 9T9TE
UT WOS:000947363400001
PM 36903018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Prasad, R
Kumar, H
Kumar, P
Gupta, A
AF Prasad, Rabindra
Kumar, Harikishor
Kumar, Parshant
Gupta, Abha
TI Nugget zone characterization of friction stir welded hypereutectic Al-Si
alloy
SO ENGINEERING RESEARCH EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE friction stir welding; Al-18Si alloy; microstructure; microhardness;
tensile strength; wear
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; TOOL;
IMPROVEMENT; DUCTILITY; STRENGTH; TEXTURE; WROUGHT
AB Despite excellent properties of aluminium silicon (Al-Si) alloys in several
aircraft and automotive applications, its usage is limited because near net shape
casting of Al-Si alloys may cause several defects like surface pinholes and
grooves. Fabrication of components and then welding them via fusion-based welding
processes imposes issues like porosity and slag inclusions which may severely
degrades its properties. Thus in present study, friction stir welding (FSW) was
employed for welding of hypereutectic Al-Si cast alloy. The nugget zone (NZ) of
welded alloy and its as-cast counterparts were characterized for their performance
in terms of mechanical and tribological behaviour. The results depicted
fragmentation of alpha-Al dendrites, refinement and redistribution of acicular Si
particles as a result of stirring with high strain rate, and improvement in
mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, ductility,
hardness and wear resistance as compared to as-cast alloy. It is also shown that
disparate wear mechanisms occured in friction stir welded (FSWed) and as-cast
alloys. A sizeable amount of adhesion with plastic deformation and delamination
pits were observed for as-cast alloy, while the dominant mechanism in FSWed alloy
was peeling with little adhesion.
C1 [Prasad, Rabindra] Amity Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Gwalior 474005, India.
[Kumar, Harikishor] MLR Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hyderabad 500043,
Telangana, India.
[Kumar, Parshant] Dr Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace Univ Pune, Sch Mech Engn,
Pune 411038, India.
[Gupta, Abha] Punjab Engn Coll Chandigarh, Dept Aerosp Engn, Chandigarh 160012,
India.
C3 MLR Institute of Technology; Punjab Engineering College (Deemed
University)
RP Kumar, H (corresponding author), MLR Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hyderabad
500043, Telangana, India.
EM harikishorkumar17@gmail.com
RI Prasad, Rabindra/AAZ-3599-2021; Kumar, Parshant/AAE-4722-2019
OI Prasad, Rabindra/0000-0001-9158-9575; Kumar,
Parshant/0000-0002-7182-1645
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4
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NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PI BRISTOL
SN 2631-8695
J9 ENG RES EXPRESS
JI Eng. Res. Express
PD MAR 1
PY 2023
VL 5
IS 1
AR 015032
DI 10.1088/2631-8695/acba67
PG 15
SC Engineering
GA D8AH8
UT WOS:000970895500001
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Qi, J
Wu, JJ
AF Qi, Juan
Wu, Jianjun
TI Nitrated Phenols and PM2.5 Reduction of High-Sodium Coal
Combustion by Diatomite Addition in a Typical Residential Stove
SO FIRE-SWITZERLAND
LA English
DT Article
DE high-sodium coal; nitrated phenols; diatomite; residential combustion
ID LIGHT-ABSORPTION; BROWN CARBON; ZHUNDONG; TRANSFORMATION; ADSORPTION;
COOKING; RELEASE; NITROPHENOLS; EMISSIONS; REMOVAL
AB Nitrated phenols from residential combustion aggravate the greenhouse effect and
endanger human health. To search for an ideal residential fuel which produces low
nitrated phenols, high-sodium coal, conventionally used in coal-fired power plants,
has been used for residential combustion considering that the construction of civil
stoves makes it easy to deal with slag fouling. In this study, we investigated
pollutant emissions by comparing those produced by Jinyu coal, high-sodium coal and
high-sodium coal with 5% diatomite. It was found that high-sodium coal mixed with
5% diatomite showed the most desirable nitrated phenols emission factors (EFs) and
particle matter (PM) EFs. Originally, high-sodium coal generated more PM EFs
because its more easily vaporized composition of sodium (Na) derived from Na
compounds in high-sodium coal generated more condensation nuclei of particles.
PM2.5 EFs of the high-sodium coal were as high as 3.23 +/- 0.11 mg/kJ, 11% more
than that of Jingyu coal. However, it had lower EFs of nitrated phenols, whose
nitrated phenol EFs in PM2.5 were 2.3 +/- 0.2 mg/MJ, remarkably lower than that of
Jinyu coal (4.0 +/- 0.4 mg/MJ). This can be explained by the fact that high-sodium
coal has less intermediate NOx for nitrated phenols generation. However, after 5%
diatomite was mixed with high-sodium coal, the nitrated phenols EFs and PM EFs
dropped by 60.9% and 53.3%, respectively, during the combustion process. Its
abundant silicon (Si) and aluminum (Al) formed a high-melting-point substance with
Na. Consequently, considerable pollutant reduction and combustion efficiency
promotion were both achieved by 5% diatomite addition to high-sodium coal. It can
be concluded that high-sodium coal with 5% diatomite is a promising alternative
domestic fuel featuring excellent emission reduction effects, and easy-to-handle
slagging in civil stoves.
C1 [Qi, Juan] Xuzhou Coll Ind Technol, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Xuzhou 221140,
Peoples R China.
[Qi, Juan; Wu, Jianjun] China Univ Min & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Coal
Preparat & Purificat, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Xuzhou 221116, Peoples R China.
C3 China University of Mining & Technology
RP Wu, JJ (corresponding author), China Univ Min & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Coal
Preparat & Purificat, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Xuzhou 221116, Peoples R China.
EM wujj@cumt.edu.cn
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NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 10
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
SN 2571-6255
J9 FIRE-BASEL
JI Fire-Switzerland
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 6
IS 3
AR 89
DI 10.3390/fire6030089
PG 12
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA A5EN9
UT WOS:000955354200001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hao, S
Luo, GP
Chen, YS
Chai, YF
An, SL
Song, W
AF Hao, Shuai
Luo, Guo-ping
Chen, Yin-sheng
Chai, Yi-fan
An, Sheng-li
Song, Wei
TI Effect of high temperature tempering on the phase composition and
structure of steelmaking slag
LA English
DT Article
DE steelmaking slag; blast furnace slag; degree of basicity; FactSage7.1;
melting temperature
AB Blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag, as the main accessory products of iron
and steel smelting, are piled up in large quantities due to their huge output, high
treatment difficulty and low comprehensive utilization rate, which has a serious
impact on the land and environment. In order to improve the comprehensive
utilization of steelmaking slag, low basicity blast furnace slag was added to the
existing steel slag for quenching and tempering. The influence of basicity on the
chemical composition and phase precipitation of mixed slag was analyzed. In the
research process, the phase composition and morphology of blast furnace slag and
steel slag of Baotou Steel were analyzed using FactSage7.1 thermodynamic
calculation software, ZEISS high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM),
modern fast high-resolution Bruker energy dispersive spectrometer and AMICS-Mining
automatic mineral analysis software. The results show that the mineral phase
composition of blast furnace slag is mainly calcium aluminum yellow feldspar and
that of steelmaking slag is mainly dicalcium silicate(C2S), magnesium-iron phase
solid solution, rose pyroxene and calcium iron aluminate. When the basicity of the
mixed slag is 2.0, it can effectively inhibit the formation of non-cementitious
mineral anorthite and promote the formation of better cementitious mineral C2S. At
the same time, it is found that the melting temperature of mixed slag decreases
with the increase in Al2O3 content.
C1 [Hao, Shuai; Luo, Guo-ping; Chen, Yin-sheng; Chai, Yi-fan; An, Sheng-li; Song,
Wei] Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Mat & Met, Baotou 014010, Peoples R
China.
RP Luo, GP (corresponding author), Inner Mongolia Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Mat &
Met, Baotou 014010, Peoples R China.
EM luoguoping3@126.com
FU National Key RD Program [2020YFC1909105]; Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region Science and Technology Major Project [2021ZD0016-05-04]
FX The project was supported by the National Key R & D Program Grant
(2020YFC1909105) and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and
Technology Major Project (2021ZD0016-05-04).
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 9
PU DE GRUYTER POLAND SP Z O O
PI WARSAW
PA BOGUMILA ZUGA 32A STR, 01-811 WARSAW, MAZOVIA, POLAND
SN 0334-6455
EI 2191-0324
PD FEB 13
PY 2023
VL 42
IS 1
AR 20220264
DI 10.1515/htmp-2022-0264
PG 12
GA 8Z0MD
UT WOS:000933082300001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bao, GD
Wu, T
Qi, JH
Yang, W
Wang, HC
AF Bao, Guangda
Wu, Ting
Qi, Jianghua
Yang, Wen
Wang, Haichuan
TI Comprehensive Effects of Alkali Oxides and
CaO/Al2O3 on the Structure and Properties of
Aluminate Slag
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminate slag; structure; Na2O and K2O; viscosity; property
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; MOLD FLUXES; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR;
B2O3 ADDITION; VISCOSITY; NA2O; RATIO; FLUORINE; MGO; BASICITY
AB To obtain aluminate-based mold fluxes with appropriate performances for
continuous casting of high-aluminum steel, the effects of Na2O and K2O contents on
the structure and properties of aluminate slag with various CaO/Al2O3 (C/A) were
investigated using Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, hemispheric
melting point instrument, rotational viscometer and X-ray diffraction. It is
concluded that with Na2O and K2O addition, the polymerization degree, viscosity at
1 300 degrees C and break temperature of aluminate slag first declined and then
grew at C/A ratio of 1.1 since Al2O3 changed from a basic oxide to an acidic oxide,
and the transition points corresponding to Na2O and K2O contents were 6 wt% and 2
wt%, respectively, while they reduced continuously at C/A=1.3 due to Na+ and K+
augment evolved the complex anionic group into a simple structure with Al2O3 acting
as an acidic oxide. Combing the melting temperature and structural evolution, it
demonstrated that the structure polymerization plays a predominant role in
effecting the viscosity at 1 300 degrees C. The crystallization ratio increased
with Na2O and K2O enhancement, especially when their contents exceed 6 wt% at
C/A=1.1 and 4 wt% at C/A=1.3, because of peak intensities of crystals CaF2 and
Ca(2)Al(2)SiO7 increased and new phase of Na(AlSi3O8) and K(AlSi3O8) precipitated.
C1 [Bao, Guangda; Wu, Ting; Yang, Wen; Wang, Haichuan] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met
Engn, Maanshan, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Qi, Jianghua] Hunan Valin Lianyuan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Loudi 417000, Peoples R
China.
RP Wu, T (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Met Engn, Maanshan, Anhui,
Peoples R China.
EM wuting@ahut.edu.cn
FU Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Education Department
[KJ2021A0358]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51804004]
Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Provincial Education Department
(KJ2021A0358) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(51804004).
CR Allwardt JR, 2005, AM MINERAL, V90, P1218, DOI 10.2138/am.2005.1836
Deng YC, 2020, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V9, P9568, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.06.082
Fan HL, 2021, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V15, P1046, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.08.032
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.07.029
Han FN, 2022, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V19, P866, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.05.080
Li WL, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P1751, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2018-
212
Liu Y, 2018, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V45, P492, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2017.1288309
Ou GL, 2020, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V9, P12091, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.08.111
Shao HQ, 2019, J AM CERAM SOC, V102, P4440, DOI 10.1111/jace.16322
Xing XD, 2020, MINERALS-BASEL, V10, DOI 10.3390/min10090810
Xu JF, 2016, J CENT SOUTH UNIV, V23, P3079, DOI 10.1007/s11771-016-3372-x
Xu Liying, 2006, Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, V34, P1117
Yan W, 2021, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V10, P882, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.12.106
Yuan HZ, 2020, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V9, P7828, DOI 10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.05.043
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.01.031
Zhou LJ, 2015, MET MATER INT, V21, P126, DOI 10.1007/s12540-015-1015-7
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2023
VL 63
IS 5
BP 854
EP 861
PG 8
GA L2PP6
UT WOS:001021733100010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dovbenko, VV
Verkhovliuk, AM
AF Dovbenko, V. V.
Verkhovliuk, A. M.
TI PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM SLAG WITH THE USE OF SODA
SO SCIENCE AND INNOVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; foundry slag; yield; temperature; phase transitions
AB Introduction. It is known that light aluminum scrap and waste from aluminum
production are difficult to melt effectively because aluminum is oxidized very
easily.Problem Statement. The technology for obtaining aluminum by reducing foundry
slags allows a significant decrease in the amount of waste and a reduction in the
cost of electricity for the production of castings.Purpose. The purpose is to
develop theoretical and technological framework for processing aluminum waste and
obtaining high-quality product from it.Material and Methods. 300 g foundry slag is
taken to determine the yield of aluminum from melting in an induction furnace. The
reagent (caustic soda 2.0% by mass of slag) is calcined at a temperature of 250 &
DEG;C for 1 hour to remove moisture and organic impurities. The slag is placed in
an alund crucible and heated, with soda added at 700 & DEG;C. After that, liquid
aluminum is poured into a mold and after crystallization it is weighed on
analytical balances. Samples for chemical and spectral analyzes of aluminum are
taken in accordance with GOST 7565-81. The structural transformations and phase
transitions during heating and cooling of aluminum samples have been studied by
differential scanning calorimetry (STA 449F1 Jupiter synchronous thermal analyzer
by NETZSCH). Results. At the level of a hypothesis, a mechanism of the
metallurgical slag processing, which is based on the change in the valence of
aluminum from (III) to (I) and vice versa, depending on the reaction temperature
has been proposed. The regularities of the yield during the processing of low-grade
aluminum-containing slags have been established. It has been shown that with the
intensification of heat exchange processes, the range of optimal parameters
decreases, while the yield increases. The phase transitions of aluminum samples
obtained during the processing of foundry aluminum slag have been studied. It has
been proven that this method of processing allows obtaining aluminum of a
relatively high purity.Conclusions. The results of the research can be used to
improve the technology for obtaining secondary aluminum from aluminum production
waste.
C1 [Dovbenko, V. V.] VP Ukrcable, 9-11 Budivelnyi Lane, UA-08298 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Verkhovliuk, A. M.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Physico Technol Inst Met & Alloys,
34-1 Vernadsky Blvd, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
C3 National Academy of Sciences Ukraine
RP Verkhovliuk, AM (corresponding author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Physico Technol
Inst Met & Alloys, 34-1 Vernadsky Blvd, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM metal@ptima.kiev.ua
RI Verkhovliuk, Anatolii/AAJ-9440-2020
OI Verkhovliuk, Anatolii/0000-0002-2670-4052
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Larionov G. V, 1967, SECONDARY ALUMINIUM
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MET
Shcheretskyi O. A., 2007, THESIS KYIV
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Tribushevsky L. V., 2015, CASTING METALLURGY, V2, P42
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09-01-003, DOI 10.30889/2523-4692.2019-09-01-003]
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES UKRAINE
PI KYIV
PA 54 VOLODYMYRSKA STR, KYIV, 01601, UKRAINE
SN 2409-9066
EI 2413-4996
J9 SCI INNOV
JI Sci. Innov.
PY 2023
VL 19
IS 4
BP 93
EP 102
DI 10.15407/scine19.04.093
PG 10
GA O8SQ4
UT WOS:001046463900008
OA hybrid
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Makhambetov, EN
Vorobkalo, NR
Baisanov, AS
Mynzhasar, EA
AF Makhambetov, E. N.
Vorobkalo, N. R.
Baisanov, A. S.
Mynzhasar, E. A.
TI Smelting of vanadium-containing alloys with using non-standard reducing
agents
SO CIS IRON AND STEEL REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE vanadium pentoxide; silicon-aluminum alloy; vanadium alloying
composition; ferrovanadium; ferrosilicovanadium; high-ash coal;
ferrosilicoaluminium
AB The object of the study in this work is the process of smelting of vanadium
alloying composition and vanadium ferroalloy using non-standard reducing agents,
such as silicon-aluminum ferroalloy (ferrosilicoaluminum) and high-ash coal. Within
the framework of this work, it is proposed to use silicon-aluminum reducing agents
and high ash coal as a replacement for expensive aluminum powder, ferrosilicon, and
metallurgical coke which are used in conventional technologies for smelting of
vanadium alloys and alloying compositions. To develop the technology for smelting
of vanadium alloying composition using a silicon-aluminum reducing agent, a series
of large-scale laboratory tests was carried out in the smelting furnace with
provided installation for temperature recording, which was specially assembled by
employees of the Zh. Abishev Chemical and Metallurgical Institute (ChMI). Tests on
the smelting of a vanadium-containing ferroalloy using vanadium slag obtained by
smelting of vanadium alloying composition by ladle treatment method, as well as
converter vanadium slag, quartzite and high-ash coal (ash content 45-50 %) as a
reducing agent, were also carried out in large-scale laboratory conditions in the
ore smelting furnaces with 200 kVA transformer power. Experimental tests have shown
positive results on the use of these non-conventional reducing agents in the
composition of charge materials for smelting of vanadium-containing alloys and
alloying compositions. Vanadium alloying composition was obtained by ladle
treatment method using ferrosilicoaluminum, the average chemical composition of
this alloying composition was, %: V 55; Si 10-24; Al 4-9 and Fe 10-30. Extraction
of vanadium in the alloy was 70-80 %. Vanadium alloy was obtained by carbothermal
method using high-ash coal and is characterized by the following average
composition, %: V 4-10; Si 40-55; Al 15-20 and Fe 13-25. The degree of vanadium
extraction makes 70 %.
C1 [Makhambetov, E. N.; Vorobkalo, N. R.; Baisanov, A. S.] Zh Abishev Chem & Met
Inst, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Vorobkalo, N. R.] Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Mynzhasar, E. A.] Karaganda Ind Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
RP Makhambetov, EN (corresponding author), Zh Abishev Chem & Met Inst, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
EM nina.timirbaeva23@gmail.com
RI Vorobkalo, Nina/ABF-6750-2021; Baisanov, Alibek/O-5201-2017
OI Baisanov, Alibek/0000-0002-3025-7267
CR argusmedia, VRFB FOR GROWTH VAN
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металлургия, Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Chernaya metallurgiya], V63,
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PI MOSCOW
SN 2072-0815
EI 2414-1089
J9 CIS IRON STEEL REV
JI CIS Iron Steel Rev.
PY 2023
VL 25
BP 21
EP 25
DI 10.17580/cisisr.2023.01.04
PG 5
GA L8JD3
UT WOS:001025661100004
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, QK
Yu, QC
Zhang, JH
Yao, XF
Yu, WJ
AF Shen, Qiao-Kun
Yu, Qing-Chun
Zhang, Jia-Hao
Yao, Xiao-Fei
Yu, Wei-Jin
TI Numerical simulation of the dolomite in-situ desulfurization in
molten iron
LA English
DT Article
DE simulations; dolomite; desulfurizations; aluminothermic
ID HOT METAL DESULFURIZATION; ALUMINOTHERMIC REDUCTION; MAGNESIUM VAPOR;
ALUMINUM REDUCTION; BEHAVIOR; SULFUR; MODEL; LADLE; CAO; MECHANISM
AB With the growing need for high-quality steel, the requirement for efficient deep
desulfurization technologies is growing, and lots of research have be conducted.
The desulfurization in hot iron with Mg produced in situ by the aluminothermic
reduction of decomposed dolomite was simulated. The magnesium generated at the
molten matte-slag interface is dissolved in the molten iron and desulfurizing while
spread downwards The process has been studied by experiment and computational fluid
dynamics simulation. Some analysis and assumptions were made for the simulation
conditions and the simulated data are in good agreement with the experimental
results. The rate of desulfurization depended mainly on the reaction rate and is
almost independent of the rate of diffusion of Al, S and Mg according to the
results. Under the present experimental conditions, the desulfurization rate
increased with the increase in temperature and the amount of reactants. However,
the effect is not obvious when the temperature is higher than 1623K. The adjustment
in diffusion coefficient has minimal influence on the desulfurization efficiency.
The desulfurization reaction is mainly in the homogeneous phase, and the proportion
of magnesium bubble desulfurization could be ignored when the temperature is
between 1523 K-1723 K.
C1 [Shen, Qiao-Kun; Yu, Qing-Chun; Zhang, Jia-Hao; Yao, Xiao-Fei; Yu, Wei-Jin]
Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R
China.
[Shen, Qiao-Kun; Yu, Qing-Chun; Zhang, Jia-Hao; Yao, Xiao-Fei; Yu, Wei-Jin]
Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R
China.
RP Yu, QC (corresponding author), Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab Vacuum
Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.; Yu, QC (corresponding author), Kunming Univ
Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Res Ctr Vacuum Met, Kunming 650093, Peoples R China.
EM yqcy@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51864025]
FX AcknowledgmentsThis paper is supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant No. 51864025.
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NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PI BRISTOL
EI 2053-1591
PD JAN 1
PY 2023
VL 10
IS 1
AR 016512
DI 10.1088/2053-1591/acb123
PG 12
GA 7W9CU
UT WOS:000913804800001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, S
Du, M
Jin, Y
Li, QL
Li, JP
Zhang, HR
Zhang, H
Cheng, Y
AF Wang, Shuo
Du, Ming
Jin, Yu
Li, Qingling
Li, Jinpeng
Zhang, Huarui
Zhang, Hu
Cheng, Ying
TI Characterization and mechanism analysis of interaction between Inconel
713C superalloy and a novel crucible-shell "integrated" mold
SO VACUUM
LA English
DT Article
DE Ni-based superalloys; Refractory material; Interaction mechanism; Novel
crucible-shell ?integrated? mold; Interfacial reaction
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; INVESTMENT; REFRACTORIES; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE;
CORROSION; ZIRCONIA; ALLOY
AB A novel crucible-shell "integrated" mold for rapid preparation of supercharged
turbines was quantitatively characterized, and the interaction mechanism between
refractory and melt was systematically analyzed. The results show that Inconel 713C
superalloy is not easy to react with aluminum silicate fiber crucible, and the
interaction between them is physical penetration. At the same time, the slag balls
in the crucible are easy to peel off into the alloy and form inclusions. The
reaction between Inconel 713C superalloy and shell surface material (ZrSiO4) can be
divided into Penetration, Stalling/dissolution, Reaction and Diffusion stages. The
interface reaction layer is composed of Nb2O5, Al2O3, ZrO2, Cr2O3 and TiO2. The
oxide elements produced by the reaction come from the alloy and ceramic shell.
Compared with the traditional preparation of turbocharger turbine under
discontinuous vacuum, the use of "integrated" mold to prepare turbine under
continuous vacuum environment reduces the oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen content of
castings, and the purity of Inconel 713C superalloy is higher and the preparation
time is faster, which is conducive to industrial production, which can shed new
lights on choosing alternative refractory material for the rapid preparation of
high-purity superalloys.
C1 [Wang, Shuo; Li, Qingling; Li, Jinpeng] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
[Zhang, Huarui; Zhang, Hu; Cheng, Ying] Beihang Univ, Res Inst Frontier Sci,
[Du, Ming; Jin, Yu; Zhang, Huarui; Zhang, Hu; Cheng, Ying] Beihang Univ, Ningbo
Inst Technol NIT, Ningbo 315000, Peoples R China.
C3 Beihang University; Beihang University; Beihang University
RP Cheng, Y (corresponding author), Beihang Univ, Res Inst Frontier Sci, Beijing
100191, Peoples R China.; Du, M; Cheng, Y (corresponding author), Beihang Univ,
Ningbo Inst Technol NIT, Ningbo 315000, Peoples R China.
EM duming@buaa.edu.cn; cying@buaa.edu.cn
FU Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project [2020Z032];
Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo [202003N4175]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Ningbo
Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project No. 2020Z032 and
Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Project No. 202003N4175.
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 18
PI OXFORD
SN 0042-207X
EI 1879-2715
J9 VACUUM
JI Vacuum
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 209
AR 111750
DI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2022.111750
EA DEC 2022
PG 9
GA 7U8SK
UT WOS:000912396400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abdrakhimova, ES
AF Abdrakhimova, E. S.
TI Influence of Aluminum-Containing Slag on Physical and Mechanical
Parameters, Phase Composition and Porosity of Acid-Resistant Materials
LA English
DT Article
DE acid-resistant; slag; carbon-free ferrochrome; non-enriched kaolin clay
AB Acid-resistant products with high physical, mechanical, and chemical parameters
for firing temperatures in the range 1250 - 1300? were obtained using slag from the
smelting of carbon-free ferrochrome with increased contents of refractory oxides
(Al2O3, 57.8 wt.%, CaO 14.9 wt.%, MgO 12.7 wt.%, and Cr2O3 5.6 wt.%) in the
production of acid-resistant materials based on non-enriched kaolin clay. The
introduction of slag from the smelting of carbon-free ferrochrome into the ceramic
compositions contributes to the formation of highly refractory minerals (corundum,
chromium oxide, bonite, mayenite, magnesium spinel), increases the mullite content,
and reduces the open porosity, thereby strengthening the product.
C1 [Abdrakhimova, E. S.] Samara Univ, SP Korolev Samara Natl Res Univ, Samara,
Russia.
C3 Samara National Research University
RP Abdrakhimova, ES (corresponding author), Samara Univ, SP Korolev Samara Natl Res
Univ, Samara, Russia.
EM 3375892@mail.ru
CR Abdrakhimova ES, 2021, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V62, P475, DOI 10.1007/s11148-021-
00628-y
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Abdrakhimova E. S., 2001, PRINCIPLES TECHNICAL
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NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD SEP
PY 2022
VL 63
IS 3
BP 321
EP 324
DI 10.1007/s11148-022-00729-2
EA DEC 2022
PG 4
GA 8K1TY
UT WOS:000903405300008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, BR
Yang, HY
Jin, ZA
Zheng, TH
Chen, GB
Dong, ZQ
AF Wang, Baoren
Yang, Hongying
Jin, Zhenan
Zheng, Tianhao
Chen, Guobao
Dong, Zhunqin
TI Effect of Al2O3 on Viscosity and Structure of
SiO2-FeO-Al2O3-Fe2O3</s
ub>-CaO-MgO Slag System
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICATE-BASED SLAGS; FURNACE TYPE SLAGS; AMPHOTERIC BEHAVIOR; VISCOUS
BEHAVIOR; CAO/SIO2; MELTS; MGO; BASICITY; ALUMINA; RATIO
AB In this study, the effect of Al2O3 content on viscous behaviors of the secondary
copper smelting slags was investigated in depth. It was determined that in the slag
system of SiO2-FeO-Al2O3-12 wt.%Fe2O3-8 wt.%CaO-3 wt.%MgO, the addition of Al2O3
(0-12 wt.%) increased the slag viscosity and activation energy for viscous flow (E-
eta). The breaking temperature of the slag (T-Br) exhibited a minimum value at the
Al2O3 addition of 6 wt.%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests and thermodynamic
calculations indicated the increase of Al2O3 content can promote the precipitation
of fayalite and anorthite phases and simultaneously suppress the precipitation of
clinopyroxene phase. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman
spectroscopy suggested that Al2O3 presented acidic oxide properties and acted as a
network former to increase the polymerization of the melt. As the Al2O3 increased,
the aluminium-oxygen tetrahedra copolymerized with silicon-oxygen tetrahedra,
forming a more complex aluminosilicate composite network structure.
C1 [Wang, Baoren; Yang, Hongying; Jin, Zhenan; Zheng, Tianhao; Chen, Guobao]
Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Mineral, Educ Minist, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, Baoren; Yang, Hongying; Jin, Zhenan; Zheng, Tianhao; Chen, Guobao]
[Dong, Zhunqin] Shandong Humon Smelting Co Ltd, Yantai 264109, Peoples R China.
RP Jin, ZA (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet
Mineral, Educ Minist, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Jin, ZA (corresponding
author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
EM jinzn@smm.neu.edu.cn
FU National Key R&D Program of China; [2018YFC1902004]; [2018YFC1902002]
FX AcknowledgementsThe authors are grateful for the financial supports from
the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1902004, 2018YFC1902002).
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Zhao B, 1999, METALL MATER TRANS B, V30, P597, DOI 10.1007/s11663-999-0020-y
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 75
IS 4
BP 1221
EP 1229
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05632-2
EA DEC 2022
PG 9
GA R3OA7
UT WOS:000903186400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LX
Chen, M
AF Zhang, Lingxi
Chen, Min
TI Simultaneous Recovery of Iron-Based Alloy and Production of
Vanadium-Enriched Slag via Silicothermic Reduction of Chromium-Bearing
Vanadium Slag
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID KINETICS; VISCOSITY; SILICON; ORE; MECHANISM; ALUMINUM; COPPER; SLURRY;
WASTE; MELTS
AB The traditional roasting-leaching-calcining processes of chromium-bearing
vanadium slag (CVS) to produce iron-vanadium alloys cause hazardous wastewater and
high production costs. Sustainable and cost-efficient reduction technology has
attracted much attention to shorten production procedures and control costs. The
secondary resource solar-grade silicon cutting waste (Si-CW), as a strong reducing
agent, is a solid waste generated during wafer slicing for solar cells. In this
study, the enrichment/removal behaviors of CVS were investigated via thermodynamics
and high-temperature experiments, to achieve the simultaneous production of an
iron-based alloy and the preparation of vanadium-enriched slag using Si-CW as a
reductant. Additionally, the reduction behaviors of iron, chromium, and vanadium
oxides during the reduction process are discussed, and the reduction mechanism and
reduction rate-controlling step are clarified and reviewed in detail. The results
show that the maximum reduction degrees of FeO, Cr2O3, and MnO reach 92.5%, 65.2%,
and 72.5%, respectively, at a temperature of 1873 K, a slag basicity of 0.75, and a
Si-CW/CVS mass rate of 0.20. Vanadium-enriched slag with 15.36 wt.% V2O3 has been
successfully prepared, and the iron-based alloy product with 78.48 wt.% Fe, 5.32
wt.% Cr, and 16.20 wt.% Mn concentration was simultaneously produced.
C1 [Zhang, Lingxi; Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang
[Chen, Min] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Ores, Minist Educ, Room
219A,Bldg Ferrous Met,3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd,
Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Chen, M (corresponding author), Northeastern
Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet Ores, Minist Educ, Room 219A,Bldg Ferrous Met,3-11
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; [52174301]; [51974080]
FX AcknowledgementsThe authors gratefully acknowledge the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 52174301, 51974080) which has
made this research possible.
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2015-389
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD APR
PY 2023
VL 75
IS 4
BP 1192
EP 1205
DI 10.1007/s11837-022-05612-6
EA DEC 2022
PG 14
GA R3OA7
UT WOS:000898279900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cao, X
Ge, ZF
Liu, X
Wu, H
Yu, GS
AF Cao, Xi
Ge, Zefeng
Liu, Xia
Wu, Hao
Yu, Guangsuo
TI Comprehensive analysis on the in-situ ash fusibility and mineral
reactions of ash mixtures in the co-gasification process
LA English
DT Article
DE High -silicon -aluminum coal; Rape straw ash; Fusibility; Mineral
evolution; Heating stage microscope
ID FUSION CHARACTERISTICS; FLOW PROPERTIES; BIOMASS; BEHAVIOR; TEMPERATURE;
SODIUM; SLAG; COMBUSTION; VISCOSITY; MECHANISM
AB Biomass can effectively modify coal ash fusibility and alleviate several
operational issues like agglomeration, sintering, and erosion for slagging
gasifiers. The key issue is to clarify the ash fusion properties and mineral
transformation during the heating process. The fusion temperatures, mineral
evolutions, in-situ morphology observation and thermodynamic analysis of the coal,
biomass and biomass-coal blended ash samples were sys-tematically evaluated in this
paper. The ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) presented V-type curves with the
increasing rape straw ratio. Then the bottom point occurred at the ratio of 50 wt%
due to the reduction of re-fractory minerals (mullite, quartz, < 50 wt%; kalsilite,
oldhamite, >50 wt%) and the increase of low-melting -point minerals and their
eutectics (leucite and anorthite). Besides, the thermodynamic calculation can
provide the basis for the prediction of ash fusion behavior. The in-situ morphology
evolutions of blended ashes further revealed the relationship between ash fusion
behaviors and morphological changes. Namely, the terminative sintering and melting
temperature were highly related to the ash deformation temperature and flow
temperature, R2 was 0.9901 and 0.9846, respectively. The significant work could
guide the mixing conditions during the co -gasification of high-silicon-aluminum
coal and biomass and improve the ash fusion properties.
C1 [Cao, Xi; Liu, Xia; Wu, Hao; Yu, Guangsuo] East China Univ Sci & Technol, Inst
Clean Coal Technol, POB 272, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
[Ge, Zefeng] Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environm, Key Lab Energy Thermal
Convers & Control, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
C3 East China University of Science & Technology; Southeast University -
China
RP Yu, GS (corresponding author), East China Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Clean Coal
Technol, POB 272, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China.
EM gsyu@ecust.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China; [22108080]
FX Acknowledgments This work was supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (grant numbers 22108080) .
CR Cao LC, 2020, ENVIRON RES, V186, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109547
Cao X, 2021, FUEL, V303, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121241
Cao Xi, 2020, FUEL, V264, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116850
Kan HY, 2022, COMBUST SCI TECHNOL, DOI 10.1080/00102202.2022.2097006
Kang YT, 2020, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V127, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2020.109842
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Li B, 2023, FUEL, V331, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125747
Liu ZJ, 2018, ENERGY, V161, P517, DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2018.07.131
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Oladejo JM, 2020, ENERGY, V199, DOI 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117330
Wang Y, 2017, J ENERGY INST, V90, P167, DOI 10.1016/j.joei.2016.02.007
Wei JT, 2022, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V235, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107376
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Xie LC, 2020, ENERG FUEL, V34, P1355, DOI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b03216
Xiong QA, 2018, BIORESOURCE TECHNOL, V257, P1, DOI
10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.037
Xu J, 2020, RENEW ENERG, V147, P1352, DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.066
Yan TG, 2016, CHEM ENG SCI, V147, P74, DOI 10.1016/j.ces.2016.03.016
Yao XW, 2020, RENEW ENERG, V145, P835, DOI 10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.087
Yu JQ, 2021, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V214, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2021.106723
Zhang YX, 2022, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V238, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107476
Zi JB, 2020, J ENERGY INST, V93, P2264, DOI 10.1016/j.joei.2020.06.009
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0378-3820
EI 1873-7188
PD MAR
PY 2023
VL 241
AR 107589
DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107589
EA DEC 2022
PG 11
GA 7S6IE
UT WOS:000910854800005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abdrakhimov, VZ
Abdrakhimova, ES
AF Abdrakhimov, V. Z.
Abdrakhimova, E. S.
TI Manufacture of Acid-Resistant Tiles Using Aluminum-Containing Waste from
the Production of Chromium Metal
SO GLASS AND CERAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE acid-resistant tiles; aluminum-containing slag; fireclay; corundum;
mullite; chromium oxide
AB The use of aluminum containing slag, from the production of chromium metal, in
amount 40% makes it possible to obtain acid-resistant tiles with high physical,
mechanical, and chemical properties with firing at 1300 degrees C. Investigations
have shown that the introduction of slag containing more than 70% (by weight) of
aluminum oxide into the compositions of ceramic bodies and more than 8% (by weight)
of chromium oxide (trivalent) contributes for high-temperature minerals to form
during firing: corundum (2050 degrees C) and (III) Cr2O3 (sesquioxide, in nature
mineral eskolaite), whose melting point is equal to 2435 degrees C, which
significantly increases the operational characteristics of acid-resistant tiles.
C1 [Abdrakhimov, V. Z.] Samara State Univ Econ, Samara, Russia.
[Abdrakhimova, E. S.] Samara Univ, SP Korolev Samara Natl Res Univ, Samara,
Russia.
RP Abdrakhimova, ES (corresponding author), Samara Univ, SP Korolev Samara Natl Res
Univ, Samara, Russia.
EM 3375892@mail.ru
CR Abdrakhimova ES, 2021, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V61, P536, DOI 10.1007/s11148-021-
00516-5
Abdrakhimova E. S., 2003, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROC
Boyarkina O. V., 2012, PHYS METHODS STUDYIN
Dubovnik O. L., 2005, ROSS PRAVO OBRAZ PRA, P80
Kairakbaev AK, 2021, GLASS CERAM+, V77, P478, DOI 10.1007/s10717-021-00336-6
Kashcheev ID., 2004, Properties and Application of Refractories
Khlystov A. I., 2021, EKOLOG PROMYSHL ROSS, V25, P8
Khlystov A. I., 2004, INCREASING EFFICIENC
Kulibaev A., 2009, Stroit. Mater., P54
Popova A. A., 2015, PHYS CHEM TXB
Ryshchenko A. S., 2011, VOST YEVROP ZH PERED, P64
Tyulkin D.S., 2017, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P36, DOI [10.17073/1683-4518-2017-11-36-44,
DOI 10.17073/1683-4518-2017-11-36-44]
Tyulkin D. S., 2016, RESOURCES RESOURCESA, P204
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0361-7610
EI 1573-8515
J9 GLASS CERAM+
JI Glass Ceram.
PD NOV
PY 2022
VL 79
IS 7-8
BP 330
EP 335
DI 10.1007/s10717-022-00508-y
EA NOV 2022
PG 6
GA 6J7JK
UT WOS:000884158000002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Avarmaa, K
Klemettinen, L
Taskinen, P
Lindberg, D
Pihlasalo, J
Johto, H
Jokilaakso, A
AF Avarmaa, Katri
Klemettinen, Lassi
Taskinen, Pekka
Lindberg, Daniel
Pihlasalo, Jouni
Johto, Hannu
Jokilaakso, Ari
TI Utilization of Scrap Metals as Reductants for Improved Ni and Cu
Recoveries in Copper Smelting
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminothermic reduction; Metallothermic reduction; Magnesium; Kinetics;
E-scrap
ID REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; THERMOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; PRECIOUS METALS; EAF SLAG;
FE; ALUMINUM; IRON; SYSTEM; EQUILIBRIUM; ELEMENTS
AB This study investigated a novel approach of using Al and Al-Mg scrap as heat
providers and reductants that do not cause direct carbon-containing emissions in
pyrometallurgical copper processing. Aluminum and magnesium are typical elements in
metal wastes, such as WEEE, and they oxide easily under copper smelting conditions.
In the reduction experiments, a copper- and nickel-rich industrial slag was
equilibrated under Ar gas atmosphere at 1300 degrees C, after which a reductant
metal piece was dropped on top of the slag. The slag-reductant samples were drop
quenched in brine after 2-128 min of reduction. Thermodynamic calculations were
executed with MTDATA to evaluate the phase equilibria and thermochemistry of the
copper slag in metallothermic reduction. All the results proved that Al and Al-5wt%
Mg alloys can be used as reductants in copper processes to enhance the recoveries
of nickel and copper in metal/matte. Cu concentration in slag decreased from 2 to
1.2 wt% and Ni from 1.7 to 1.2 wt% in 30 min in aluminothermic reduction
experiments, despite an immediate formation of a solid alumina layer on the surface
of the reductant, hindering the reduction kinetics. The heat produced was
calculated as 31 kWh/ton slag or 2.1 kWh/kg added Al or Al-Mg.
[GRAPHICS]
.
C1 [Avarmaa, Katri; Klemettinen, Lassi; Taskinen, Pekka; Lindberg, Daniel;
Jokilaakso, Ari] Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Dept Chem & Met Engn, POB 16100, Aalto
00076, Finland.
[Avarmaa, Katri] Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Mech & Prod Design Engn, John St,
Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Pihlasalo, Jouni; Johto, Hannu] Metso Outotec Finland Oy, Res Ctr, Kuparitie
10, Pori 28330, Finland.
[Johto, Hannu] Sweco Ind Oy, Ilmalanportti 2, Helsinki 00240, Finland.
C3 Aalto University; Swinburne University of Technology
RP Avarmaa, K (corresponding author), Aalto Univ, Sch Chem Engn, Dept Chem & Met
Engn, POB 16100, Aalto 00076, Finland.; Avarmaa, K (corresponding author),
Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Mech & Prod Design Engn, John St, Melbourne, Vic 3122,
Australia.
EM kavarmaa@swin.edu.au; lassi.klemettinen@aalto.fi;
pekka.taskinen@aalto.fi; daniel.k.lindberg@aalto.fi;
jouni.pihlasalo@mogroup.com; hannu.johto@sweco.fi
RI Lindberg, Daniel/HOH-9196-2023; Taskinen, Pekka/K-4292-2015
OI Lindberg, Daniel/0000-0002-8442-1237; Jokilaakso,
Ari/0000-0003-0582-7181; Klemettinen, Lassi/0000-0001-9633-7131;
Taskinen, Pekka/0000-0002-4054-952X
FU Business Finland [3891/31/2018]; Finnish Steel Producer's Fund via Prof.
Daniel Lindberg's research group grant [1497]; Finnish Steel and Metal
Producers' Fund; Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering
FX This work was financially supported by the Business Finland financed
SYMMET project [Grant Number 3891/31/2018]. Katri Avarmaa also received
funding from the Finnish Steel Producer's Fund via Prof. Daniel
Lindberg's research group grant [Application Number 1497]. Lassi
Klemettinen is grateful for the doctoral study grant provided by the
Finnish Steel and Metal Producers' Fund and the funding provided by
Aalto University School of Chemical Engineering. This study utilized the
Academy of Finland's RawMatTERS Finland Infrastructure (RAMI) based
jointly at Aalto University, GTK, and VTT in Espoo. The authors are also
grateful for Professor Akbar Rhamdhani on his support and feedback when
finalizing the manuscript.
CR Atasoy A, 2011, 6 INT ADV TECHN S IA, P16
Avarmaa K, 2020, BATTERIES-BASEL, V6, DOI 10.3390/batteries6040058
Avarmaa K, 2019, MINER ENG, V133, P95, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.01.006
Avarmaa K, 2015, J SUSTAIN METALL, V1, P216, DOI 10.1007/s40831-015-0020-x
AZAKAMI T, 1979, CAN METALL QUART, V18, P389
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Gisby J, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P91, DOI 10.1007/s11663-016-0811-x
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Sadri A., 2018, EXTRACTION 2018, P549
Schlesinger M., 2021, EXTRACTIVE METALLURG, P574
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NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2199-3823
EI 2199-3831
J9 J SUSTAIN METALL
JI J. SUST. METALL.
PD DEC
PY 2022
VL 8
IS 4
BP 1915
EP 1931
DI 10.1007/s40831-022-00614-9
EA NOV 2022
PG 17
Engineering
Engineering
GA 6W6CM
UT WOS:000879668100001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Honeyands, T
Nguyen, TBT
Pinson, D
Connolly, PRJ
Pownceby, MI
Manuel, J
Matthews, L
Leedham, J
Singh, T
O'Dea, DP
AF Honeyands, Tom
Nguyen, Thi Bang Tuyen
Pinson, David
Connolly, Paul R. J.
Pownceby, Mark, I
Manuel, James
Matthews, Leanne
Leedham, John
Singh, Tejbir
O'Dea, Damien P.
TI Variation in Iron Ore Sinter Mineralogy with Changes in Basicity
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE iron ore; sinter; mineralogy; basicity; SFCA; hematite; magnetite; C2S;
strength; melt; analogue
ID SILICO-FERRITE; CALCIUM; ALUMINUM; MECHANISMS; STRENGTH; PHASES
AB The target basicity of iron ore sinter is set by blast furnace slag composition
requirements, and therefore varies with the proportion of acid burden such as lump
iron ore and pellets. Increasing the lump proportion of the burden will increase
the target sinter basicity. The mineralogy of sinter produced with a range of
basicity between 1.0 and 3.0 was analysed using optical point counting under
reflected light microscopy. Sinter from BlueScope Steel's industrial sinter strand
was analysed over a 30-year period, during which time a wide range of iron ore
fines blends were utilised and several significant process modifications made.
These data were compared with the mineralogy of sinters produced in a pilot-scale
sinter pot, a laboratory-scale milli-pot, and small-scale sinter analogues. The
mineralogy of the sinters from all scales followed a predictable trend with
basicity, generally following the diagram proposed by Bagnall. At a basicity of
1.0, high temperatures were required to produce sinter with adequate strength,
resulting in bonding phases dominated by magnetite and glass. Increasing basicity
to 2.0 decreased the required sintering temperature and changed the mineralogy to a
majority of hematite and SFCA. Further increases in basicity to 3.0 further
decreased the required sintering temperature and increased the SFCA and dicalcium
silicate content.
C1 [Honeyands, Tom; Nguyen, Thi Bang Tuyen; Matthews, Leanne; Singh, Tejbir] Univ
Newcastle, Ctr Ironmaking Mat Res, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
[Pinson, David; Connolly, Paul R. J.; Leedham, John] BlueScope Steel, Port
Kembla, NSW 2505, Australia.
[Pownceby, Mark, I] CSIRO Mineral Resources, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Manuel, James] CSIRO Mineral Resources, Pullenvale, Qld 4069, Australia.
[O'Dea, Damien P.] BHP Mkt Iron Ore, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia.
C3 University of Newcastle; Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO); Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO)
RP Honeyands, T (corresponding author), Univ Newcastle, Ctr Ironmaking Mat Res,
Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
EM tom.a.honeyands@newcastle.edu.au
RI Pownceby, Mark Ian/GLN-6915-2022; Singh, Tejbir/AAT-4310-2021
OI Pownceby, Mark Ian/0000-0002-7061-2489; Singh,
Tejbir/0000-0001-6435-2249; Honeyands, Thomas/0000-0002-3839-7838
FU BHP through the Centre for Ironmaking Materials Research
FX This research was funded by BHP through the Centre for Ironmaking
Materials Research.
CR [Anonymous], 2015, Modern blast furnace ironmaking: an introduction (2015)
Bagnall E.J., 1977, AGGLOMERATION, V77, P2
Chen J, 2021, METALL MATER TRANS B, V52, P517, DOI 10.1007/s11663-020-02035-z
Clout JMF, 2003, POWDER TECHNOL, V130, P393, DOI 10.1016/S0032-5910(02)00241-3
Geerdes M., 2020, Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking: An Introduction
Harvey T, 2020, INFLUENCE MINERALOGY
Harvey T, 2021, JOM-US, V73, P345, DOI 10.1007/s11837-020-04452-6
Harvey T, 2020, ISIJ INT, V60, P73, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2019-
247
Higuchi K, 2020, ISIJ INT, V60, P674, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-
2019-533
Honeyands T, 2019, MINERALS-BASEL, V9, DOI 10.3390/min9060333
Honeyands T., 2017, Proc. Iron Ore, P49
Ishikawa Y., 1983, IRONMAK PROC, V42, P17
Ji ZY, 2019, MINERALS-BASEL, V9, DOI 10.3390/min9070449
Liu DM, 2018, CHEM ENG RES DES, V130, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.09.025
Lu LM., 2015, Iron ore: mineralogy, processing and environmental sustainability
Mezibricky R, 2021, MATER CHEM PHYS, V257, DOI 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123733
Nicol S, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P2706, DOI 10.1007/s11663-019-01687-w
0087-4
Singh T, 2021, ISIJ INT, V61, P1469, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2020-
574
Umadevi T, 2012, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V39, P222, DOI 10.1179/1743281211Y.0000000063
9740-5
Zhou DD, 2020, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V47, P316, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2018.1518688
Zhou DD, 2017, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V44, P351, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2016.1210915
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 10
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD OCT
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 10
AR 1249
DI 10.3390/min12101249
PG 15
GA 5S3GJ
UT WOS:000875082600001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yessengaliyev, DA
Baisanov, AS
Dossekenov, MS
Kelamanov, BS
Almabekov, DM
AF Yessengaliyev, D. A.
Baisanov, A. S.
Dossekenov, M. S.
Kelamanov, B. S.
Almabekov, D. M.
TI Thermophysical properties of synthetic slags of the
FeO-MnO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system
SO KOMPLEKSNOE ISPOLZOVANIE MINERALNOGO SYRA
LA English
DT Article
DE viscosity; slags of manganese alloys; crystallization temperature;
activation energy; phase composition
ID TEMPERATURE
AB In the electrometallurgy of manganese alloys, viscosity has an important effect
on the production indicators from the physicochemical properties of slag. During
the smelting of manganese alloys, the main amount of heat spent on reduction
reactions is released due to the current passing through the liquid slag phase,
since the resistance of the latter, depending on the composition, affects the
completeness of the reduction of manganese from melts. In the case of refined
ferromanganese by the silicothermic method, the vast majority of silicon of
silicomanganese is refined with higher manganese oxides or it is burned out due to
oxygen in the air. The paper presents the results of thermophysical properties of
slags representing the FeO-MnO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system. Laboratory experiments were
carried out on synthetic slags by varying the slag basicity CaO/SiO2 = 1.5 - 1.9
and the concentration of Al2O3 = 5 - 15%. As a result, graphs of the dependence of
these properties on temperature values are constructed, the activation energies of
the viscous flow are calculated and the phase compositions of the experimental
slags are determined using a mathematical model of the diagram of the FeO-MnO -CaO-
Al2O3-SiO2 system. Thus, an increase in the concentration of aluminum oxide against
its usual level, changing the basicity of the slag, significantly affected the
physicochemical properties of the slag and thereby contributes to the adjustment of
the parameters of the electric melting process. At the same time, it is advisable
to study the interaction of some Physical chemical properties of slags on the
melting conditions of manganese ferroalloys in relation to the composition of
slags.
C1 [Yessengaliyev, D. A.; Kelamanov, B. S.] K Zhubanov Aktobe Reg Univ, Dept Met,
Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
[Yessengaliyev, D. A.; Kelamanov, B. S.; Almabekov, D. M.] K Zhubanov Aktobe Reg
Univ, Min Tech Fac, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
[Baisanov, A. S.] Abishev Chem Met Inst, Lab Pyromet Proc, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
[Dossekenov, M. S.] LLP Res & Engn Ctr ERG, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
C3 Chemical Metallurgical Institute of Zh.Abishev
RP Yessengaliyev, DA (corresponding author), K Zhubanov Aktobe Reg Univ, Dept Met,
Aktobe, Kazakhstan.; Yessengaliyev, DA (corresponding author), K Zhubanov Aktobe
Reg Univ, Min Tech Fac, Aktobe, Kazakhstan.
EM dauralga@mail.ru; alibekbaisanov@mail.ru; dossekenov.ms@mail.ru;
kelamanov-b@mail.ru; almabekov@O4list.ru
RI YESSENGALIYEV, DAUREN/AAA-9581-2020; Келаманов, Бауыржан
Сатыбалдыулы/ABE-5597-2021
OI Келаманов, Бауыржан Сатыбалдыулы/0000-0001-7646-9153
CR Chen M, 2021, MATERIALS, V14, DOI 10.3390/ma14195530
Gabdullin TG., 1984, FIZIKO HIMICHESKIE S, P232
Koizhanova AK, 2020, NEWS NATL ACAD SC RE, P95, DOI 10.32014/2020.2518-1491.12
Makhambetov YN, 2017, KNE MATER SCI, P127, DOI 10.18502/kms.v2i2.958
Tangstad M, 2021, METALL MATER TRANS B, V52, P3688, DOI 10.1007/s11663-021-
02347-8
Tian YP, 2016, J ALLOY COMPD, V670, P96, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.059
Yessengaliyev D, 2019, METALURGIJA, V58, P291
Zayakin OV, 2017, DISSERTATION DOCTOR, P264
Zhu CY, 2008, ISIJ INT, V48, P123, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.48.123
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU INST METALLURGY & ORE BENEFICIATION
PI ALMATY CITY
PA SHEVCHENKO STR., 29/133, ALMATY CITY, 050010, KAZAKHSTAN
SN 2224-5243
EI 2616-6445
J9 KOMPLEKS ISPOL MINER
JI Kompleks. Ispol. Miner. Syra
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2022
IS 4
BP 38
EP 45
DI 10.31643/2022/6445.38
PG 8
GA 2X2JR
UT WOS:000825036700005
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Isagulov, AZ
Kashcheev, ID
Sidorina, EA
Zemlyanoy, KG
AF Isagulov, A. Z.
Kashcheev, I. D.
Sidorina, E. A.
Zemlyanoy, K. G.
TI Behavior of the Fireclay Lining of a Coke Gas Cupola Furnace When
Melting Cast Iron with Anode Scrappage in Electrolysis Production. Part
21
LA English
DT Article
DE coke oven gas cupola; lining; aluminosilicate products; corrosion
resistance; mullite formation
AB In this study, chamotte refractory samples were analyzed after they were used in
the shaft and crucible of a coke gas cupola furnace during the melting of cast iron
with spheroidal graphite using carbon waste obtained from aluminum electrolysis as
a reducing agent. It was discovered that the structure of the fireclay refractory
changed during operation because of corrosion factors specific for each zone of the
cupola furnace. Refractory silicates (glass phase and quartz) primarily interact
with corrosives. Secondary mullitization, which is associated with the mineralizing
effect of fluorine-containing vapors in the furnace atmosphere, was extremely
active during refractory operation. In the crucible, the refractory was influenced
by mechanical loads exceeding the ultimate compressive strength of the refractory,
as well as chemical loads from the metal melts and low-basic slag. Thus, the
refractory in the crucible lining was first destroyed mechanically and then
chemically, dissolving from the contact surface in the low-basic slag. The glass
phase of the products was impregnated with iron oxides, which were reduced in the
refractory structure under the influence of the furnace atmosphere.
C1 [Isagulov, A. Z.; Kashcheev, I. D.; Sidorina, E. A.] Karaganda Tech Univ,
[Zemlyanoy, K. G.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
C3 Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University; Ural Federal University
RP Sidorina, EA (corresponding author), Karaganda Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
EM elena.sidorina.78@mail.ru
RI Issagulov, Aristotel/C-7415-2016; Zemlyanoy, Kirill G/A-6988-2015;
Kashcheev, Ivan D/O-1809-2015
OI Issagulov, Aristotel/0000-0003-2174-9072; Zemlyanoy, Kirill
G/0000-0002-4125-6411; Kashcheev, Ivan D/0000-0003-0153-5974
CR Isagulov A. Z., 2021, NOV OGNEUP, P3
Strelov K. K., 1996, THEORETICAL FDN TECH
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD MAR
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 6
BP 614
EP 617
DI 10.1007/s11148-022-00651-7
EA SEP 2022
PG 4
GA 4Q0RH
UT WOS:000852109900008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shapkin, NP
Shkuratov, AL
Taskin, AV
Khal'chenko, IG
Maslova, NV
Fedorets, AN
AF Shapkin, N. P.
Shkuratov, A. L.
Taskin, A. V.
Khal'chenko, I. G.
Maslova, N. V.
Fedorets, A. N.
TI Use of Ash and Slag Waste from Thermal Power Plants for the Production
of Rare Earth Compounds and Ceramic Membranes
SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE bottom ash; ash and slag processing; rare earth elements; silicon oxide;
fusion with alkali
ID COAL FLY-ASH; ELEMENTS; ALUMINA; EXTRACTION; ADDITIVES; RECOVERY
AB The processing of ash/slag wastes were studied, while a complete analysis of the
bottom ash of the Luchegorsk thermal power plant in the Primorsky Territory was
carried out, and a study was performed on the separation of rare earth elements by
various methods. The ash was previously cleaned from unburned coal (underburnt) and
iron oxides, the resulting product was processed with various methods. Isolation
and separation of products was carried out in several stages. The acidity of the
medium was determined, which corresponds to the quantitative precipitation of iron
and aluminum matrix ions depending on the initial concentrations of the solutions.
Silicon oxide of 97% purity with a high specific surface area was obtained, as well
as a solid product with a content of rare earth elements more than 100 times higher
than in the original ash samples. The content of rare earth elements in the final
product is 74.5% of the content of these elements in the original material, and the
product is also enriched with other trace elements such as zirconium, hafnium, and
tungsten. When the ash is processed, solid waste remains, which can be further
utilized to fabricate ceramic materials and membranes with high technical
performance.
C1 [Shapkin, N. P.; Shkuratov, A. L.; Taskin, A. V.; Khal'chenko, I. G.; Maslova,
N. V.; Fedorets, A. N.] Far Eastern Fed Univ, Vladivostok 690922, Russia.
C3 Far Eastern Federal University
RP Shapkin, NP (corresponding author), Far Eastern Fed Univ, Vladivostok 690922,
Russia.
EM npshapkin@gmail.com
RI Aleksandr, Fedorets/U-4125-2019
CR [Anonymous], 1999, Patent, Patent No. 213839
Bai GH, 2010, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V20, pS169, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(10)60034-9
Bai GH, 2011, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V92, P1213, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.01.017
Cherkasova T.G., 2016, VESTN KUZBAS GOS TEK, V185, P185
Dosmukhamedov N.K., 2020, Ugol', P58, DOI [10.18796/0041-5790-2020-1-58-63, DOI
10.18796/0041-5790-2020-1-58-63]
Guo YX, 2013, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V110, P114, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.12.003
Hower J. C., 2013, COAL COMBUST GASIFIC, V5, P73, DOI [10.4177/CCGP-D13-00007.1,
DOI 10.4177/CCGP-D13-00007.1]
Mondal S, 2019, HYDROMETALLURGY, V185, P93, DOI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.02.005
Nayak N, 2010, FUEL, V89, P53, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.07.019
Novikov VI, 2019, MEMBR MEMBR TECHNOL, V1, P127, DOI 10.1134/S251775161903003X
Rayzman VL, 1997, ENERG FUEL, V11, P761, DOI 10.1021/ef960190s
Taggart RK, 2018, INT J COAL GEOL, V196, P106, DOI 10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.021
Tang MC, 2019, MINER ENG, V136, P36, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.01.027
Yao ZT, 2014, FUEL, V120, P74, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.003
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PI NEW YORK
SN 1070-4272
EI 1608-3296
J9 RUSS J APPL CHEM+
JI Russ. J. Appl. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2022
VL 95
IS 9
BP 1394
EP 1403
DI 10.1134/S1070427222090154
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Applied
SC Chemistry
GA A3GX4
UT WOS:000954061800015
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Teixeira, AB
Ambrós, WM
Sampaio, CH
Raposo, FLQ
De Brum, IAS
Moncunill, JO
AF Teixeira, Artur B.
Ambros, Weslei M.
Sampaio, Carlos H.
Raposo, Fortunato L. Q.
De Brum, Irineu A. S.
Moncunill, Josep O.
TI Optimization of Water Leaching of Chlorides from Aluminum Salt Slag
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE salt slag; leaching; aluminum; recycling; hazardous wastes
ID MANAGEMENT; CAKES
AB Aluminum recycling generates large amounts of hazardous wastes, known as salt
slags, consisting mainly of oxides, metallic aluminum, and salt fluxes. Water
leaching is a common technique used for salt removal, being a decisive operation
due to water usage and the need to achieve sufficient salt recovery. In this study,
water leaching tests under varied operational conditions (water type, slag particle
size, solid content, and leaching time) were carried out in salt slag samples
obtained from a Brazilian aluminum scrap melting company. Leaching efficiency was
assessed by the % chlorine leached. The optimal leaching condition, defined as the
one that resulted in the highest chloride removal from the slag together with
appropriate operational conditions (larger viable slag size, lower leaching time,
etc.), was identified for a slag size below 2.8 mm, 30 wt% of solids in pulp, and a
leaching time of 90 min. The results showed that it was possible to recover more
than 92% of the salts initially contained in the raw slag, resulting in a leached
material with less than 2.5% salts. The recovered salt characteristics showed
potential for recycling and could be re-mixed to the salt flux used for aluminum
melting. The possibility of achieving higher efficiencies and lower water
consumption during leaching was also discussed, as was a preliminary flowsheet for
salt slag treatment.
C1 [Teixeira, Artur B.; Ambros, Weslei M.; Raposo, Fortunato L. Q.; De Brum, Irineu
A. S.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Mineral Proc Lab, 9500 Bento Goncalves Ave, BR-
91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
[Sampaio, Carlos H.; Moncunill, Josep O.] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Dept Engn
Minera Ind & TIC, Escola Politecn Super Engn Manresa, Manresa 08242, Spain.
[Raposo, Fortunato L. Q.] Pungue Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Herois Mocambicanos
323, Chimoio, Mozambique.
C3 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universitat Politecnica de
Catalunya
RP Ambrós, WM (corresponding author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Mineral Proc Lab,
9500 Bento Goncalves Ave, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
EM weslei.ambros@ufrgs.br
RI Oliva, Josep/L-6822-2014
OI Oliva, Josep/0000-0001-6214-5713; Ambros, Weslei/0000-0001-9718-2389;
Brum, Irineu/0000-0003-4852-8325; Raposo, Fortunato Lucas
Quembo/0000-0002-1273-3418; Hoffmann Sampaio, Carlos/0000-0001-5840-1614
CR [Anonymous], IAI ALUMINIUM RECYCL
[Anonymous], 2019, D632319 ASTM INT
[Anonymous], 1999, D51289 ASTM INT
Ashkenazi D, 2019, TECHNOL FORECAST SOC, V143, P101, DOI
10.1016/j.techfore.2019.03.011
Bank W, IMPACT WAR UKRAINE C
Bank W., WORLD BANK COMMODITI
Capuzzi S, 2018, METALS-BASEL, V8, DOI 10.3390/met8040249
European, 2002, WASTE CATALOGUE HAZA
Faraji F, 2022, REV CHEM ENG, V38, P113, DOI 10.1515/revce-2019-0073
Hazar ABY, 2005, SCAND J METALL, V34, P213, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0692.2005.00732
I.A.I Aluminium Sector, GREENH GAS PATHW 205
Jody B.J., 1991, 7 INT C SOL WAST MAN, V20
MacKenzie D.S., 2003, HDB ALUMINUM ALLOY P
10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.068
Padamata SK, 2021, JOM-US, V73, P2603, DOI 10.1007/s11837-021-04802-y
Saramak D, 2021, MINERALS-BASEL, V11, DOI 10.3390/min11090940
Schlesinger M., 2006, Aluminum Recycling, V1st
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 9
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD SEP
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 9
AR 1141
DI 10.3390/min12091141
PG 15
GA 4R2YT
UT WOS:000856635800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cao, FB
Xiong, Y
Liu, J
Zhang, JW
Qin, KL
Sun, JB
Liu, WM
Shen, XM
Wu, XR
Wu, ZJ
AF Cao, Fabin
Xiong, Ying
Liu, Jian
Zhang, Jingwen
Qin, Kailong
Sun, Jingbo
Liu, Weiming
Shen, Xingmei
Wu, Xingrong
Wu, Zhaojin
TI Eu2+ as the structural probe in the phase transformation of
CMSA by site-selective occupancy and adjustable multimode white
luminescence in
Ca2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al
0.5O7) akermanite based on high-aluminum blast furnace
slag
SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; EMISSION; PHOSPHOR; RED;
PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
AB A tunable multimode white emission Ca-2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5O7):Eu2+/Eu3+
phosphor was prepared by doping Eu2O3 in molten high-aluminum blast furnace slag.
The structural probe Eu2+ was studied during phase transformation between the
glassy state and Ca-2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5O7) crystals based on site-selective
Eu2+ occupancy. When the doped Eu2+ ions occupied two different Ca2+ sites in the
matrix, blue light (421 nm) and green light (516 nm) emissions were observed
corresponding to two types of Eu-Ca(2+)2+, namely Eu-Ca(2+)2+ (Mg2+ -> Al3+) and
Eu-Ca(2+)2+ (Si4+ -> Al3+). The effects of Eu concentration (0.1-2.0 mol%), heat
treatment temperature (800-1000 degrees C), and thermal quenching temperature (30-
150 degrees C) on the structural evolution of the emission unit were studied by
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and X-
ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The Eu2+Ca2+ (Mg2+ -> Al3+) structure formed by
site-selective Eu2+ occupancy possessed better structural stability in the Ca-
2(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Si1.5Al0.5O7) crystal matrix, in favour of light-emitting diode (LED)
illumination and plasma display panels (PDPs).
C1 [Cao, Fabin; Xiong, Ying; Liu, Jian; Zhang, Jingwen; Qin, Kailong; Liu, Weiming]
Anhui Univ Technol, Minstry Educ, Key Lab Met Emiss Reduct & Resources Recycling,
Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Jingwen; Sun, Jingbo; Liu, Weiming; Shen, Xingmei; Wu, Xingrong; Wu,
Zhaojin] Anhui Univ Technol, Anhui Prov Key Lab Met Engn & Resources Recycling,
RP Cao, FB (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Minstry Educ, Key Lab Met
Emiss Reduct & Resources Recycling, Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.; Shen, XM;
Wu, XR (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Anhui Prov Key Lab Met Engn &
Resources Recycling, Maanshan 243002, Peoples R China.
EM fbcao@ahut.edu.cn; 214543342@qq.com; 2216829327@qq.com
RI Zhang, Jing/ISA-6627-2023; Zhang, Jing/GWZ-7332-2022; Zhang,
Jing/HII-4294-2022
OI Zhang, Jing/0009-0003-5039-5688; CAO, fabin/0000-0003-1874-0587
FU Anhui Natural Science Foundation Project [1808085ME136]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China Steel Joint Project [U1660105]
FX This work is financially supported by the Anhui Natural Science
Foundation Project (Grant No. 1808085ME136) and the National Natural
Science Foundation of China Steel Joint Project (Grant No. U1660105).
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V49, P757
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Talwar GJ, 2009, J LUMIN, V129, P1239, DOI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2009.06.006
Vinodkumar P, 2021, SPECTROCHIM ACTA A, V253, DOI 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119560
Wang L, 2018, CHEM REV, V118, P1951, DOI 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00284
Xia ZG, 2016, PROG MATER SCI, V84, P59, DOI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2016.09.007
Xia ZG, 2015, J AM CHEM SOC, V137, P12494, DOI 10.1021/jacs.5b08315
Xu ZF, 2019, CERAM INT, V45, P20405, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.07.017
Yang Y, 2009, COMP MATER SCI, V47, P35, DOI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.06.010
Yuan BL, 2012, CERAM INT, V38, P2219, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.10.070
Zhang J, 2019, J MATER SCI-MATER EL, V30, P4056, DOI 10.1007/s10854-019-00692-8
Zhang XJ, 2015, ACS APPL MATER INTER, V7, P10044, DOI 10.1021/acsami.5b02550
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 15
PI CAMBRIDGE
ENGLAND
SN 1477-9226
EI 1477-9234
J9 DALTON T
JI Dalton Trans.
PD SEP 13
PY 2022
VL 51
IS 35
BP 13301
EP 13310
DI 10.1039/d2dt01532c
EA AUG 2022
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 4M1TG
UT WOS:000841874100001
PM 35983759
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kulikov, BP
Baranov, VN
Partyko, EG
Kostin, IV
Yur'ev, PO
Yanov, VV
AF Kulikov, B. P.
Baranov, V. N.
Partyko, E. G.
Kostin, I., V
Yur'ev, P. O.
Yanov, V. V.
TI Comparative Studies into Composition and Properties of FPR-23 and Biomag
Covering and Degassing Fluxes
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminum; fluxes; metal refining; aluminum refining; metal sampling;
aluminum purification; X-ray diffraction analysis; FPR-23; Biomag
AB The article presents the comparative results of laboratory and industrial
studies carried out at Joint Stock Company "Russal Krasnoyarsk Aluminium Smelter"
to study the composition and properties of cover-refining fluxes FPR-23 and Biomag.
The results of the X-ray phase analysis of the studied fluxes were compared, and
the particle size distribution of the fluxes on the vibration rotap was determined.
The paper presents and describes the experimental scheme and determines the
temperature range of melting fluxes. It is shown that, according to the results of
industrial tests conducted using the method of a full factor experiment with 2
control factors (temperature and flux consumption), the FPR-23 flux reduces the
amount of aluminum in the dross with an increase in temperature and an increase in
the specific flux consumption. In addition, the amount of aluminum in the slag when
using Biomag flux is practically independent of the melt temperature, although
decreasing with increasing flux concentration. The flux FPR-23 has a negligible
effect on the Na impurity content in aluminum and reduces the Na content by
0.00004% when the temperature rises to 750 degrees C and the specific flux
consumption is up to 1.5 kg/t. At the same time, the use of Biomag flux does not
contribute to the reduction of Na in the metal melt. The content of the Ca impurity
in the aluminum melt is not affected by the FPR-23 flux. The use of Biomag flux
reduces the Ca content in an aluminum melt by an average of 0.000085%. The article
shows that the use of FPR-23 flux does not reduce the concentration of hydrogen in
an aluminum melt, while the use of Biomag flux reduces the concentration of
hydrogen in an aluminum melt by an average of 0.02 cm(3)/100 g Al.
C1 [Kulikov, B. P.; Baranov, V. N.; Partyko, E. G.; Kostin, I., V; Yur'ev, P. O.;
Yanov, V. V.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
C3 Siberian Federal University
RP Kulikov, BP (corresponding author), Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
EM kulikov-boris@yandex.ru; vnbar79@mail.ru; elforion@mail.ru;
caster_kos@mail.ru; pashka_urew@mail.ru; val4634@yandex.ru
FU integrated investment project "Yenisei Siberia" [20-48-242916]
FX The research was carried out within the regional competition for the
best projects in interdisciplinary basic research, organized by the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Government of the Krasnoyarsk
region, the Regional Science Foundation, and the enterprises operating
in the Krasnoyarsk region, as well as the organizations -participants of
the integrated investment project "Yenisei Siberia", project number
20-48-242916.
CR [Баранов Владимир Николаевич Baranov V.N.], 2019, [Металлург, Metallurg], P81
Belyaev SV., 2019, ARPN J ENG APPL SCI, V14, P1570
bruker, METALLURGIST+
Deev VB, 2018, METALL ITAL, P16
[Куликов Борис Петрович Kulikov B.P.], 2020, [Металлург, Metallurg], P56
Kumar S, 2011, B MATER SCI, V34, P311, DOI 10.1007/s12034-011-0066-8
Majidi O, 2007, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V182, P450, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.09.003
Napalkov VI., 2020, MELTING CASTING ALUM
Nikitin KV., 2013, LITEISHCHIK ROSSII, V10, P38
shimadzu, XRD 7000
Sletova NV., 2011, LITE METALLURGIYA, V3, P179
spectro, SPECTROLAB
Tkacheva OY., 2016, RASPLAVY, V5, P387
Turakhodjaev N. Dj., 2015, ARCH FOUNDRY ENG, V15, P91
Wang QL, 2013, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V23, P294, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(13)62460-7
Zeng J., 2013, P 8 PAC RIM INT C AD, P1157
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 66
IS 3-4
BP 290
EP 298
DI 10.1007/s11015-022-01328-9
EA AUG 2022
PG 9
GA 3U9QX
UT WOS:000836987700007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Okumoto, K
Kato, K
Ono, H
Higuchi, Y
AF Okumoto, Katsuyoshi
Kato, Kengo
Ono, Hideki
Higuchi, Yoshihiko
TI Thermodynamic Conditions of MgO and MgO•Al2O3
Formation and Variation of Inclusions Formed in Fe-17 mass%Cr Steel at
1873 K
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE inclusion; slag; MgO inclusion; spinel inclusion; CaO-MgO-Al2O3
inclusion; alumina inclusion; stainless steel; deoxidation
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIUM; SPINEL INCLUSIONS; FE-NI; CALCIUM; SLAG;
MAGNESIUM; 304-STAINLESS-STEEL; SOLUBILITY; OXYGEN
AB Demands for cleanliness of high chromium steel have been increasing. In steel
refining process, aluminum is usually added in molten steel as a deoxidizing agent.
As a result, such inclusions as alumina (Al2O3) and spinel (MgO center dot Al2O3)
are formed, which cause fatigue failures and surface defects. Therefore, it is
important to understand the conditions of the inclusions which form in high
chromium steel, and to reduce their harmful effects on steel qualities. In this
work, to begin with, thermodynamic conditions of MgO and MgO center dot Al2O3
formation in Fe-17 mass%Cr molten steel at 1873 K were investigated. The results
showed that MgO is more stable in high chromium steel than in plain steel. The
boundary of the stable condition of MgO and MgO center dot Al2O3 shifts toward
higher Al and lower Mg contents in high Cr steel. This cause is judged to be the
effect of thermodynamic interaction between Cr and Mg. The interaction parameter of
Cr on Mg was estimated to be 0.040 so that the boundary of stable condition of MgO
and MgO center dot Al2O3 can be explained. Moreover, phase stability diagram of Fe-
Cr-Al-Ca-Mg-O system at 1873 K was developed to estimate the effect of chromium on
the stable condition of MgO, MgO center dot Al2O3 and CaO-MgO-Al2O3(1).
Subsequently, the variations of inclusions which formed in Fe-17 mass%Cr molten
steel were also investigated at 1873 K. The variations of inclusions in molten Fe-
Cr steel were reasonably explained by considering the stable conditions of MgO and
MgO center dot Al2O3 investigated in this work.
C1 [Okumoto, Katsuyoshi] Univ Toyama, Grad Sch Sci & Engn Educ, Toyama, Japan.
[Okumoto, Katsuyoshi] Daido Steel Co Ltd, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Kato, Kengo] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Osaka, Japan.
[Ono, Hideki] Univ Toyama, Fac Sustainable Design, Acad Assembly, Toyama, Japan.
[Higuchi, Yoshihiko] Coll Ind Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Amagasaki, Hyogo, Japan.
C3 University of Toyama; Daido Steel Co Ltd; Osaka University; University
of Toyama
RP Ono, H (corresponding author), Univ Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
EM ono@sus.u-toyama.ac.jp
RI Higuchi, Yoshihiko/AIA-4607-2022
OI Higuchi, Yoshihiko/0000-0002-5153-7823
CR 19th Committee on Steelmaking the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,
1988, STEELMAKING DATA SOU, P50
Ehara Y., 1994, CAMP ISIJ, V7, P883
10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.83.11_695
695
584
Mizin V.G., 1983, P 9 JAP US JOINT S P, P92
Nadif M., 1986, P 5 INT IR STEEL C I, P741
Nakaoka T., 2006, KOBE STEEL ENG REP, V56, P40
Yoshioka T, 2016, SANYO TECH REP, V23, P36
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
EI 1883-2954
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 108
IS 8
BP 479
EP 490
DI 10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2021-120
PG 12
GA 3U2TP
UT WOS:000840827300007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhai, J
Shi, CB
Lang, WY
Zhao, Y
Wang, SJ
AF Zhai, Jun
Shi, Chengbin
Lang, Weiyun
Zhao, Yu
Wang, Shijun
TI Effect of FeSi Alloy Additions and Calcium Treatment on Non-Metallic
Inclusions in 304 Stainless Steel during AOD and LF Refining Process
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusions; stainless steel; slag; calcium treatment; LF refining
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; SLAG COMPOSITION; TOP SLAG
AB Non-deformable inclusions are detrimental to the surface quality and mechanical
properties of stainless-steel plates. Plant trials were conducted to investigate
the effect of different ferrosilicon alloys and calcium treatment during argon
oxygen decarburization (AOD) and ladle furnace (LF) refining on inclusions in Si-
killed 304 stainless steel. The inclusions were examined by scanning electron
microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that both the
contents of soluble aluminum in molten steel and Al2O3 in slag increase with the
increase of aluminum content in FeSi alloy. The content of soluble aluminum in
liquid steel could be limited to lower than 0.004% when using ultra-purity FeSi
alloy. When the calcium wire addition is 2 m/t, inclusions are located in the low-
melting-temperature region, and the inclusion rating of hot rolled plates is mainly
C-class. Industrial application shows that, by decreasing the soluble aluminum
content in liquid steel, decreasing the MgO and Al2O3 in slag in AOD, and applying
low basicity refining slag as well as calcium treatment, the inclusions are low
melting point silicates. The inclusion rating of hot rolled plates is mainly fine
C-type with a small amount of class-A, and surface polishing qualification rate is
increased from 17.8% to more than 88.7%.
C1 [Zhai, Jun; Lang, Weiyun] Taiyuan Iron & Steel Grp Co Ltd, State Key Lab Adv
Stainless Steel Mat, Taiyuan 030003, Peoples R China.
[Zhai, Jun; Lang, Weiyun] Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co Ltd, Technol Ctr,
Taiyuan 030003, Peoples R China.
[Shi, Chengbin; Zhao, Yu; Wang, Shijun] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key
RP Zhai, J (corresponding author), Taiyuan Iron & Steel Grp Co Ltd, State Key Lab
Adv Stainless Steel Mat, Taiyuan 030003, Peoples R China.; Zhai, J (corresponding
author), Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Co Ltd, Technol Ctr, Taiyuan 030003,
Peoples R China.; Shi, CB (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State
EM zhaijun01@tisco.com.cn; chengbin.shi@ustb.edu.cn
OI Shi, Chengbin/0000-0001-8127-3382
Ånmark N, 2016, WEAR, V368, P173, DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2016.09.016
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203
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Kim TS, 2021, ISIJ INT, V61, P2998, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2021-
167
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[翟俊 Zhai Jun], 2017, [钢铁研究学报, Journal of Iron and Steel Research], V29,
P117
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 11
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 8
AR 1338
DI 10.3390/met12081338
PG 21
Engineering
GA 4B0SW
UT WOS:000845499900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YB
Zhang, LF
Cheng, G
Ren, Q
Yang, W
Wang, JJ
Liu, FQ
AF Liu, Yubao
Zhang, Lifeng
Cheng, Gong
Ren, Qiang
Yang, Wen
Wang, Jujin
Liu, Fengqin
TI Effect of lining refractory and high-basicity slag on non-metallic
inclusions in a high carbon Al-killed steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high carbon Al-killed steel; lining refractory; high-basicity slag;
inclusion
ID BEARING STEEL; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; EVOLUTION; TRANSFORMATION; MECHANISMS;
INITIATION; BEHAVIOR; CAO; MN
AB Laboratory experiments on the effect of lining refractory and high-basicity slag
on non-metallic inclusions in a high carbon Al-killed steel were carried out.
Alumina inclusions in the steel could hardly be affected by the Al2O3 refractory,
however, would be transformed into MgO center dot Al2O3 when the MgO refractory was
used. After the steel-slag-MgO lining-inclusion reaction, the high-basicity slag
was saturated with MgO due to the dissolution of MgO from the refractory into the
slag, meanwhile, original Al2O3 inclusions were transformed into MgO via MgO center
dot Al2O3, regardless of the slag basicity. After the steel-slag-Al2O3 lining-
inclusion reaction, the CaO/Al2O3 ratio of slag decreased significantly due to the
dissolution of Al2O3 refractory into the slag, resulting in the slight increase of
the magnesium content in steel and the transformation of Al2O3 inclusions into MgO
center dot Al2O3. The reduction of the MgO in the lining refractory and top slag by
the dissolved aluminum ([Al]) in molten steel occurred independently, and a higher
CaO/Al2O3 ratio of slag would result in a higher activity of MgO, which was
beneficial for the reduction of MgO. The CaO in the slag was hardly reduced by the
[Al] in the molten steel, thus, it was proposed that CaO-Al2O3 type inclusions
could hardly be generated from the steel-slag reaction during the production of
high carbon Al-killed steels.
C1 [Liu, Yubao; Yang, Wen; Wang, Jujin; Liu, Fengqin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing,
Peoples R China.
[Cheng, Gong] WISDRI Engn Technol Co Ltd, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Ren, Qiang] Yanshan Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, Peoples R
China.
Technology; Yanshan University
Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.; Zhang, LF (corresponding author), North China
Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Mat Engn, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China.
EM zhanglifeng@ncut.edu.cn; wenyang@ustb.edu.cn
OI Wang, Jujin/0000-0001-8849-8592
FU National Natural Science Foundation China [52174293, 51874031, U1860206,
51874032]; High Steel Center at University of Science and Technology
Beijing (USTB), Yanshan University; North China University of
Technology; Beijing International Center of Advanced and Intelligent
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials at USTB, China
Foundation China (Grant No. 52174293, 51874031, U1860206, 51874032), the
High Steel Center at University of Science and Technology Beijing
(USTB), Yanshan University, and North China University of Technology,
the Beijing International Center of Advanced and Intelligent
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials at USTB, China.
CR Brabie V., 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P109, DOI
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007
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NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 31
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD JUL 11
PY 2022
VL 119
IS 4
AR 414
DI 10.1051/metal/2022058
PG 10
GA 2U0TP
UT WOS:000822877900002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SJ
AF Kim, Sun-Joong
TI Effect of Al Dross Addition on Temperature Improvements in Molten Steel
by Blowing Dry Air
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Al dross; dissolution behavior; molten steel; oxidation heats
ID LIQUID-IRON; CARBON; DISSOLUTION; SOLUBILITY; SULFUR; MELT
AB The CO2 emissions of electric arc furnaces (EAFs) can be reduced by decreasing
the electrical energy consumed in the melting of iron scraps by utilizing chemical
energy. In general, the chemical energy efficiency of the EAF process can be
improved using oxidation reaction heat and carbon combustion. When carbon is added
to molten steel, it is not completely dissolved because of its high melting point,
and it floats to the slag layer, owing to its low density. Al dross is a byproduct
of aluminum smelting, and it contains over 27 mass% metallic aluminum. As the
exothermic heat of aluminum oxidation is larger than that of carbon oxidation, the
Al dross is a useful source of exothermic heat in the EAF process. In this study,
to utilize the mixtures of cokes and Al dross as chemical energy sources in the EAF
process, we investigated the dissolution concentrations, dissolution ratios, and
dissolution rate constants of carbon and aluminum in molten steel. The improvement
in the molten steel temperature was investigated by blowing dry air into the melt
after the dissolution of the mixtures of cokes and Al dross.
C1 [Kim, Sun-Joong] Chosun Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gwangju 61452, South Korea.
C3 Chosun University
RP Kim, SJ (corresponding author), Chosun Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gwangju 61452,
South Korea.
EM ksjoong@chosun.ac.kr
OI KIM, Sun-Joong/0000-0001-9600-5743
FU Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning; Ministry
of Trade, Industry, and Energy of the Republic of Korea
[20212010100060]; Chosun University; Korea Evaluation Institute of
Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20212010100060] Funding Source: Korea
FX This research was funded by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology
Evaluation and Planning and the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy
of the Republic of Korea, grant number 20212010100060. This research was
funded by a research fund from Chosun University, 2017.
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NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JUL
PY 2022
VL 12
IS 7
AR 1170
DI 10.3390/met12071170
PG 15
Engineering
GA 3L0MV
UT WOS:000834465900001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hou, D
Wang, DY
Zhou, XZ
Hu, SY
Wang, HH
Qu, TP
AF Hou, Dong
Wang, Deyong
Zhou, Xingzhi
Hu, Shaoyan
Wang, Huihua
Qu, Tianpeng
TI Study on Physical and Chemical Properties of Slag Used for Electroslag
Remelting of Superalloy Containing Titanium and Aluminum
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; OXIDATION-KINETICS; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; STEEL;
INCLUSIONS; EVOLUTION
AB Chemical composition and surface quality of ingot are two important technical
specifications during electroslag remelting (ESR) of superalloy, which are
seriously affected by the physical and chemical properties of the slag. For A-286
superalloy, titanium is required to range from 2.0 to 2.2 wt pct and aluminum is
required to range from 0.30 to 0.35 wt pct. Thus, the activity ratio between
titania and alumina in slag must be fixed in order to make the reaction 3[Ti] +
2(Al2O3) = 4[Al] + 3(TiO2) be close to thermodynamic equilibrium. This paper
focuses on finding a kind of slag with low melting temperature used for producing
superalloy containing fixed ratio of titanium and aluminum, which is helpful to
improve the surface quality of ESR ingot. In the current study, the thermodynamic
equilibrium of 3[Ti] + 2(Al2O3) = 4[Al] + 3(TiO2) between A-286 superalloy and the
three slag systems CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: 25: 3: (25-x): x,
CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: (25-0.5x): 3: (25-0.5x): x, and
CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 =47: (25-x): 3: 25: x are studied in an electrical
resistance furnace based on Factsage software. After obtaining the equilibrium slag
with fixed activity ratio between titania and alumina, the melting temperature of
three slag systems are studied by slag melting experimental measurements and phase
diagram. Three ESR experiments are carried out by using slag
CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: 25: 3: 16: 9, CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: 21.3: 3:
21.3: 7.4, and CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: 19: 3: 25: 6. The results show that
the slag systems CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 = 47: 25: 3: (25-x): x, which consists of
slag S (CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3 = 47: 25: 3: 25) and slag A (CaF2:CaO:MgO:Al2O3:TiO2 =
47: 25: 3: 15: 10), can not only control the aluminum and titanium contents in
superalloy ingot but also have the low-melting-temperature property and improve the
surface quality of ESR ingot.
C1 [Hou, Dong; Wang, Deyong; Zhou, Xingzhi; Hu, Shaoyan; Wang, Huihua; Qu,
Tianpeng] Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Hu, SY (corresponding author), Soochow Univ, Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou 215000,
EM syhu616@suda.edu.cn; hhwang@suda.edu.cn
RI Wang, Huihua/AGY-6668-2022; Hu, Shaoyan/ADO-4995-2022
OI Hu, Shaoyan/0000-0003-1285-9499
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [U1908224, U1860205,
51874203, 51804205]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
[BK20200869]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2020M681709]
FX This project is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of
China with Grant Nos. U1908224, U1860205, 51874203, and 51804205. This
project is also supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province with Grant No. BK20200869 and China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation with Grant No. 2020M681709.
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NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD OCT
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 5
BP 2972
EP 2990
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02579-2
EA JUN 2022
PG 19
Engineering
GA 4N3PL
UT WOS:000813591000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, GY
Wang, Z
Song, B
Guo, ZC
Zhao, S
Sun, XL
Guo, TL
AF Song, Gaoyang
Wang, Zhe
Song, Bo
Guo, Zhancheng
Zhao, Shuo
Sun, Xiaolin
Guo, Tonglai
TI Directional separation of nonmetallic inclusions from copper melt
reinforced by supergravity
LA English
DT Article
DE supergravity; nonmetallic inclusion; copper melt; purification;
separation behavior
ID SECONDARY COPPER; MOLTEN ALUMINUM; REMOVAL
AB An emerging method of supergravity fields was introduced to separate nonmetallic
inclusions from liquid copper. The copper melt containing oxide inclusions was
treated via solidification at a certain cooling rate under different gravity
fields, and the separation effect and moving behavior of inclusion particles were
investigated systematically. The results show that the occurrence of oxide
inclusions floating toward the top of the sample rapidly was intensified by the
supergravity field, and some oxide inclusions can be absorbed in the covering slag.
The oxygen content in the melt is significantly reduced after treatment with
supergravity, and the separation effect can be greatly improved by increasing the
gravity coefficient G. The separation efficiency of inclusions is only 38.43% under
a normal gravity field (G - 1), whereas the separation efficiency can reach 90.11%
after treatment in a supergravity field of G - 308. Moreover, the separating
velocity of particles obtained by theoretical calculations increases greatly with
an increasing gravity coefficient. The particle moving velocity in the direction of
supergravity agrees well with Stokes velocity calculated via Stokes' law.
C1 [Song, Gaoyang; Zhao, Shuo; Sun, Xiaolin; Guo, Tonglai] Hebei Univ Engn, Sch Mat
Sci & Engn, Taiji Rd 19, Handan 056038, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Zhe; Song, Bo; Guo, Zhancheng] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab
Adv Met, Xueyuan Rd 30, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
C3 Hebei University of Engineering; University of Science & Technology
Beijing
RP Song, GY (corresponding author), Hebei Univ Engn, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Taiji Rd
19, Handan 056038, Peoples R China.
EM gysong@hebeu.edu.cn
RI song, bo/JQJ-0093-2023
Foundation of Hebei Province [E2018402098, E2020402067, E2019402086];
Handan Science and Technology Special Plan Project [21422101240]
FX This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51904086), the Natural Science Foundation of
Hebei Province (E2018402098, E2020402067, and E2019402086) and Handan
Science and Technology Special Plan Project (21422101240).
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 14
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD JUN 10
PY 2022
VL 119
IS 3
AR 307
DI 10.1051/metal/2022035
PG 8
GA 2A0RK
UT WOS:000809219500006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xin, JJ
Wang, N
Chen, M
Chen, C
AF Xin, Jianjiang
Wang, Nan
Chen, Min
Chen, Chen
TI Direct Alloying of Molten Steel with Vanadium Slag: Self-reduction of
Vanadium Slag Briquette with Graphite Powder and Hybrid Reductant of
Graphite Powder-Aluminum Dross
LA English
DT Article
ID WASTE COPPER SLAG; SMELTING REDUCTION; FE; SCALE; OXIDE
AB In this work, a direct alloying technology of molten steel by the self-reduction
briquette composed of vanadium slag and graphite powder was proposed. The reduction
behavior of vanadium slag briquette was thermodynamically and experimentally
investigated, and relevant reaction mechanisms were discussed. The results show
that the increases in C/O molar ratio and reduction temperature would promote the
further reduction of vanadium slag. The reduction degrees of FeO, Cr2O3, MnO, and
V2O5 increased from 85.24, 47.98, 9.05, and 75.70 pct to 92.10, 64.53, 42.52, and
79.62 pct, respectively, with increasing temperature from 1500 degrees C to 1600
degrees C. As the C/O molar ratio increased from 0.8 to 1.2, the reduction degrees
of FeO, Cr2O3, MnO, and V2O5 sharply increased from 86.56, 18.38, 43.38, and 50.91
pct to 92.10, 64.53, 50.02, and 79.62 pct, respectively, and then slowly increased
or nearly remained constant. The briquette basicity exhibits an obvious positive
influence on the reduction of vanadium slag to a certain extent, and the reduction
degrees of FeO, Cr2O3, MnO, and V2O5 increase from 92.10, 64.53, 42.50, and 76.14
pct to 97.21, 81.04, 75.64, and 88.50 pct with increasing the basicity from 0 to
0.5, leading to a significant decrease in the reduction degree of vanadium slag
when the basicity increased from 0.5 to 1.5. For the hybrid reductant of aluminum
dross and graphite powder, when the proportion of aluminum dross exceeds 52 pct, a
considerable amount of solid compound (magnesia-alumina spinel) would be
precipitated from liquid slag, which strongly affects the thermophysical properties
of molten slag. Under the optimal conditions, C/O molar ratio of 1.2, reduction
temperature of 1600 degrees C, and briquette basicity of 0.5, the reduction degrees
of FeO, Cr2O3, V2O5, and MnO could reach the maximum of 97.21, 81.04, 88.50, and
75.64 pct, respectively, and a crude Fe-V alloy mixture containing 23.40 pct V
could be obtained. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM
International 2022
C1 [Xin, Jianjiang; Chen, Min; Chen, Chen] Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met
Multimet Ores, Minist Educ, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Xin, Jianjiang; Wang, Nan; Chen, Min; Chen, Chen] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met,
[Wang, Nan] Northeastern Univ, Inst Frontier Technol Low Carbon Steelmaking,
[Wang, Nan] Liaoning Prov Engn Res Ctr Technol Low Carbon Ste, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
Northeastern University - China
RP Chen, C (corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Key Lab Ecol Met Multimet
Ores, Minist Educ, 3-11 Wen Hua Rd, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.; Chen, C
(corresponding author), Northeastern Univ, Sch Met, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
RI Wang, Nan/JLL-3980-2023; Wang, Nan/ACI-4675-2022; Li, Guo/JNR-1700-2023;
Wang, Nan/ABA-1364-2021
OI Wang, Nan/0000-0001-5601-7838;
52074077]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;
Chinese Education Ministry [N2125018]
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51774073, 51974080, and 52074077). The
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities was supported by
the Chinese Education Ministry (Grant No. N2125018).
CR Ahmed A, 2015, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V42, P648, DOI 10.1179/1743281215Y.0000000008
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD AUG
PY 2022
VL 53
IS 4
BP 2334
EP 2348
DI 10.1007/s11663-022-02532-3
EA MAY 2022
PG 15
Engineering
GA 4H7QX
UT WOS:000799077800001
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Isagulov, AZ
Kashcheev, ID
Sidorina, EA
Zemlyanoy, KG
AF Isagulov, A. Z.
Kashcheev, I. D.
Sidorina, E. A.
Zemlyanoy, K. G.
TI Behavior of the Fireclay Lining of a Coke Gas Cupola Furnace When
Melting Cast Iron Using Anode Scrappage in Electrolysis Production. Part
1
LA English
DT Article
DE cupola furnace; spheroidal graphite cast iron (SGCI); chamotte; carbon
scrappage of electrolysis production; refractory structure
AB The article analyzes samples of chamotte refractory after service in the shaft
and in the crucible of a coke gas cupola furnace during melting of cast iron with
spheroidal graphite using carbon waste from the electrolysis production of aluminum
as a reducing agent. It was established that the products acquire a pronounced
zonal nature in service. After service in a shaft, products have a complex
compaction property associated with the depth of penetration of volatile components
of the charge. After service in the crucible of a coke gas cupola furnace,
refractories contain a melted crust of the working zone formed in contact with the
cast iron melt; working zone formed as a result of impregnation of cast iron and/or
slag with melt; the least changed transition and impregnated (weakly metamorphosed)
zones which structure differs little from the structure of the original refractory.
C1 [Kashcheev, I. D.; Zemlyanoy, K. G.] Karaganda Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Isagulov, A. Z.; Sidorina, E. A.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
C3 Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University; Ural Federal University
RP Sidorina, EA (corresponding author), Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
EM elena.sidorina.78@mail.ru
RI Issagulov, Aristotel/C-7415-2016; Zemlyanoy, Kirill G/A-6988-2015;
Kashcheev, Ivan D/O-1809-2015
OI Issagulov, Aristotel/0000-0003-2174-9072; Zemlyanoy, Kirill
G/0000-0002-4125-6411; Kashcheev, Ivan D/0000-0003-0153-5974
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Yoganandh J, 2013, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V22, P2534, DOI 10.1007/s11665-013-0539-
6
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD JAN
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 5
BP 492
EP 496
DI 10.1007/s11148-022-00632-w
EA MAY 2022
PG 5
GA 1L4HM
UT WOS:000791887400003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Xi, XJ
Peng, J
Li, JJ
Zhang, Y
Kang, JY
Guo, WD
Wen, XL
AF Xi, Xiaojun
Peng, Jie
Li, Jiajie
Zhang, Yang
Kang, Jianying
Guo, Wendong
Wen, Xinli
TI Deoxidation and inclusion evolution of FeNi-based expansion alloy
smelted by slagging method
LA English
DT Article
DE Deoxidation; [Fe]-[O] equilibrium; inclusion evolution; FeNi-based
expansion alloy; thermodynamic calculation; [Al]-[O] equilibrium;
CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2 slag; slagging smelting
ID LIQUID NICKEL; NONMETALLIC INCLUSIONS; NI ALLOY; EQUILIBRIUM; ALUMINUM;
SILICON; STEEL; IRON; MICROSTRUCTURE; THERMODYNAMICS
AB The composition of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-CaF2 slag was designed by thermodynamic
calculation of [Al]-[O] equilibrium of FeNi-based expansion alloy. On this basis,
the deoxidation and inclusion evolution in the process of slagging and smelting
FeNi-based expansion alloy in the medium frequency induction furnace were
investigated. The results show that the oxygen content in the alloy melt is mainly
controlled by the [Fe]-[O] equilibrium, and the change trend of the equilibrium
oxygen content calculated by [Fe]-[O] equilibrium is consistent with the actual
oxygen content. The total oxygen content of the final ingot is 45 ppm. After Al
deoxidation in the melting process, the inclusions in the alloy are transformed
into composite oxide inclusions rich in Al2O3 and MgO. After final deoxidation with
Si-Ca alloy, the contents of Al2O3 and MgO in the inclusions decreased
significantly, while the CaO content increased. And there are mainly CaO-SiO2-MgO-
Al2O3 composite oxide inclusions in the ingot.
C1 [Xi, Xiaojun; Peng, Jie; Li, Jiajie; Zhang, Yang; Kang, Jianying; Guo, Wendong;
Wen, Xinli] Beijing Beiye Funct Mat Corp, 1 Qinghe Xiaoying East Rd, Beijing
[Xi, Xiaojun; Wen, Xinli] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
RP Xi, XJ (corresponding author), Beijing Beiye Funct Mat Corp, 1 Qinghe Xiaoying
East Rd, Beijing 100192, Peoples R China.
EM xiyikun123@126.com
FU National Science and Technology Major Project [J2019-VI-0020-0135]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by the National Science
and Technology Major Project (J2019-VI-0020-0135).
Chen ZY, 2018, MATERIALS, V11, DOI 10.3390/ma11061024
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Guo H.J., 2021, PHYS CHEM METALLURGY
147
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Lee SB, 2002, ISIJ INT, V42, P679, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.42.679
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321
661
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3
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 17
PI ABINGDON
SN 0008-4433
EI 1879-1395
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD APR 3
PY 2023
VL 62
IS 2
BP 345
EP 355
DI 10.1080/00084433.2022.2065452
EA APR 2022
PG 11
GA G9CP6
UT WOS:000787208000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nevidimov, VN
Durina, YM
Krasikov, SA
Zhilina, EM
Bykov, AS
AF Nevidimov, V. N.
Durina, Yu M.
Krasikov, S. A.
Zhilina, E. M.
Bykov, A. S.
TI Activities of Aluminum and Calcium Oxides in the
CaO-Al2O3 and
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Melts
LA English
DT Article
DE polymer model; activity; oxide system; tetra- and hexacoordination;
functionality of monomer; polymerization constant
ID OPTIMIZATION; SYSTEM
AB The thermodynamic activities of aluminum and calcium oxides in the CaO-Al2O3 and
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 systems are calculated using the concepts of a polymer model of
oxide melts, which takes into account the variable functionality of a monomer. The
calculations based on the polymer theory equations are used to calculate the
polymerization constants in binary modifying oxide-complexing oxide systems. The
activity of aluminum oxide is considered as effective: it is determined with
allowance for the fraction of aluminum located in the tetrahedral interstices
between four oxygen ions to form AlO45- anions and the fraction of aluminum located
in the octahedral interstices between six oxygen ions to form Al3+ cations, which
play the role of a modifier, in a melt. The activities of the aluminum and calcium
oxides in the CaO-Al2O3 system are calculated on the assumption that, at a mole
fraction Xof calcium oxide less than 0.7, aluminum is present in the
tetracoordination and exhibits acidic properties. At higher CaO contents, aluminum
exhibits both acidic and basic properties. In CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags, agreement
between the calculated and experimental activities of the components is achieved by
varying the fraction of aluminum in the tetra- and hexacoordination with respect to
oxygen. The dependence of the activity of aluminum oxide on the mole fraction of
silicon dioxide is found to have a maximum at X-SiO2 = 0.3. This trend is explained
by the fact that, when the fraction of silicon dioxide increases to 0.3, the amount
of Al3+, which has high degrees of freedom and characterizes the manifestation of
basic properties, increases and the presence of aluminum in the tetracoordination
decreases, which affects the manifestation of acidic properties. When the mole
fraction of SiO2 increases above 0.3, aluminum is more able to form its own
isolated AlO45- complexes and the activity of aluminum decreases correspondingly
because of an increase in its binding to oxygen atoms; as a result, the acidic
properties of Al2O3 again prevail.
C1 [Nevidimov, V. N.; Durina, Yu M.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
[Krasikov, S. A.; Zhilina, E. M.; Bykov, A. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural
Branch, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
C3 Ural Federal University; Institute of Metallurgy UB RAS; Russian Academy
of Sciences
RP Krasikov, SA (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch,
EM sankr@mail.ru
RI Zhilina, Ekaterina/E-1109-2018; Bykov, Andrey S./F-1898-2014
OI Zhilina, Ekaterina/0000-0002-0539-143X; Bykov, Andrey
S./0000-0002-5640-3568
CR [Anonymous], 1985, ATLAS SLAGS HDB
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NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI NEW YORK
SN 0036-0295
EI 1555-6255
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 2022
IS 2
BP 134
EP 141
DI 10.1134/S0036029522020112
PG 8
GA 0U7BJ
UT WOS:000787803600012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yukhvid, VI
Andreev, DE
Zakharov, KV
Shchukin, AS
AF Yukhvid, V., I
Andreev, D. E.
Zakharov, K., V
Shchukin, A. S.
TI Effect of Carbon Content on the Combustion and Chemical Transformation
of Thermite Mixtures Based on
Co3O4/Cr2O3/Nb2O5
with Al
SO COMBUSTION EXPLOSION AND SHOCK WAVES
LA English
DT Article
DE autowave synthesis; composite material; cobalt alloy; thermite mixture
AB The combustion of highly exothermic multicomponent mixtures of
Co3O4/Cr2O3/Nb2O5/Al with additives of MoO3, WO3, and carbon (graphite) under
overload up to 200g has been studied. It has been shown that the introduction of
carbon into the initial mixture has a marked effect on the combustion, formation of
chemical composition, and structure of combustion products. When the weight
percentage of carbon in the initial mixture increases from 0 to 3.9%, the burning
rate decreases by more than half and the rate of dispersion of combustion products
and the mass loss increase markedly. Under the action of overload, the two-phase
melt of combustion products is stratified into two layers, which crystallize upon
cooling. The lower metal layer contains Co, Nb, Cr, W, Mo, C, and impurity
aluminum, and the upper layer contains mainly Al2O3. With an increase in the carbon
content above 4.0%, the separation of the metal and oxide phases ceases, and with a
further increase, the flammability limit is reached. With an increase in the carbon
content in the mixture from 0 to 3.9%, its concentration in the cast composite
material reaches 5.4%, the Al content is about 4.0% and the content of Co, Nb, Cr,
W, and Mo changes slightly. The combustion slag contains reducing metal oxide
(Al2O3) and impurity Cr2O3 dissolved in it.
C1 [Yukhvid, V., I; Andreev, D. E.; Zakharov, K., V; Shchukin, A. S.] Russian Acad
Sci ISMAN, Merzhanov Inst Struct Macrokinet & Mat Sci, Chernogolovka 142432,
Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences; Merzhanov Institute of Structural
Macrokinetics & Material Science RAS
RP Yukhvid, VI (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci ISMAN, Merzhanov Inst
Struct Macrokinet & Mat Sci, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia.
EM yukh@ism.ac.ru
RI Shchukin, Alexandr/C-7216-2014; Andreev, Dmitrii/A-5899-2014
OI Shchukin, Alexandr/0000-0002-2996-8627; Andreev,
Dmitrii/0000-0003-0383-4425
CR [Anonymous], 2018, BASIC COMPOUNDS SUPE
Dmitrieva G. P., 2015, Metallofizika i Noveishie Tekhnologii, V37, P973
Kablov E.N., 2007, AVIATION MAT SCI TEC
Kaplanskii YY, 2018, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V717, P48, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2018.01.057
Linchevskii B.V., 1970, VACUUM METALLURGY ST
Syngellakis S., 2018, ADV METHODS TECHNOLO
Yukhvid V. I., 2017, Key Engineering Materials, V746, P219, DOI
Yukhvid V. I., 2006, TSVETN METALL, P62
Yukhvid V. I., 2016, ADV MAT TECHNOL, P23, DOI DOI 10.17277/AMT.2016.04
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI NEW YORK
SN 0010-5082
EI 1573-8345
J9 COMBUST EXPLO SHOCK+
JI Combust. Explos.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 58
IS 1
BP 62
EP 67
DI 10.1134/S0010508222010075
PG 6
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary;
Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Materials Science
GA ZX7NQ
UT WOS:000772081000007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shufian, A
Mahin, MSR
Islam, R
AF Shufian, Abu
Mahin, Md. Saidur Rashid
Islam, Riadul
TI Electronics and waste material recycler energy-efficient electric
furnace system
SO CLEANER ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Electric furnace; Electronics material; Waste metal; Material recycling;
Low cost; Energy efficient; PID controller; Arduino mega; B-type
thermocouple
ID SELF-COMPACTING MORTARS; ARC FURNACE; DUST; SLAG; REDUCTION
AB Steel and iron manufacturing, nonferrous metal production, glass production,
ceramic processing, and the creation of various forms of items all rely on material
production. High temperatures are used in furnaces for smelting and recycling. An
electric furnace may be suitable as natural gas is not widely available everywhere.
Bangladesh's melting and recycling machinery is powered by a traditional gas
furnace, which is expensive and inefficient. By recycling and reusing scrap metal,
natural ore, and alloys, the suggested model has the potential to revolutionize,
reducing the build-up of natural energy alloys, gas, and ores. The proposed
electric furnace has an enclosed form and uses electricity to generate heat
efficiently. To melt reusable metals, electronic materials, and waste materials, an
electric furnace system based on the Arduino Mega as an alternative to the PID
controller with Solid State Relay has been developed, which will manage and control
the temperature around 1350 degrees C (1623.15 K or 2462 degrees F) by collecting
data from the furnace thermostat. This model is made of stainless steel, with a
steel frame for the outer shape of the furnace body and control box, a ventilation
hole for removing hot gas from inside the furnace, an airtight door for opening the
furnace chamber, a digital temperature controller with a furnace B-type
thermocouple for measuring and controlling temperature, an ELB for safety, and heat
insulation materials with a Nichrome80 heating element in the chamber. The model
uses an Arduino Mega to regulate power and temperature while reducing heat loss via
the furnace body, reducing time delays, and increasing efficiency. The findings
demonstrate that the desired temperature is reached fast and with less electricity
than the other electric furnaces, indicating that the model is energy efficient.
The smelting temperature for aluminum, copper and other similar materials has been
effectively covered. This model has better efficiency since there is no heat loss.
The melting and recycling processes will help the furnace-related sectors the most.
However, this could be especially beneficial for a developing economy like
Bangladesh, where gas and fuel are expensive.
C1 [Shufian, Abu] Chittagong Univ Engn & Technol, Inst Energy Technol, Chattogram
4349, Bangladesh.
[Mahin, Md. Saidur Rashid; Islam, Riadul] Amer Int Univ Bangladesh, Dept Elect &
Elect Engn, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh.
C3 Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology (CUET); American
International University Bangladesh (AIUB)
RP Shufian, A (corresponding author), Chittagong Univ Engn & Technol, Inst Energy
Technol, Chattogram 4349, Bangladesh.
EM shufian.eee@gmail.com; mahin770@gmail.com; riadul999@gmail.com
RI Shufian, Abu/AAZ-1283-2021
OI Shufian, Abu/0000-0001-6914-0966
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Tirth V, 2009, METALL MATER TRANS A, V40A, P1246, DOI 10.1007/s11661-009-9815-3
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Wang Cysi, 2020, MIN FURN
Yang QX, 2015, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V22, P10, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(15)30131-X
Zhang DC, 2019, J CLEAN PROD, V224, P536, DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.149
Zhang L, 2021, J CLEAN PROD, V305, DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126800
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2666-7908
J9 CLEAN ENG TECHNOL
JI Cleaner Eng. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 6
AR 100407
DI 10.1016/j.clet.2022.100407
EA JAN 2022
PG 11
& Ecology
GA F2UF7
UT WOS:000980943000054
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Huang, SH
Lei, T
Cui, Y
Nie, ZF
AF Huang, Shihong
Lei, Ting
Cui, Yan
Nie, Zhifeng
TI Influence of Anthracite-to-Ilmenite-Ratio on Element Distribution in
Titanium Slag Smelting in Large DC Furnaces
SO FDMP-FLUID DYNAMICS & MATERIALS PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium slag; smelting; element distribution
ID REDUCTION
AB The distribution of titanium, carbon and associated elements (calcium,
magnesium, silicon and aluminum) in a smelting process is studied by means of a
chemical equilibrium calculation method for multiphase and multicomponent systems,
and verified through comparison with production results. In particular, using the
coexistence theory for titanium slag structures, the influence of the AIR
(anthracite to ilmenite ratio) on the distribution of such elements is analyzed.
The results show that the AIR can be adjusted to achieve a selective reduction of
oxides in the melt.
C1 [Huang, Shihong] Kunming Univ, Off Sci & Technol, Kunming 650214, Yunnan,
Peoples R China.
[Lei, Ting] Kunming Met Coll, Kunming 650033, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Cui, Yan] Kunming Univ, Coll Chem & Chem Engn, Kunming 650214, Yunnan, Peoples
R China.
[Nie, Zhifeng] Kunming Univ, Key Lab Yunnan Prov Higher Educ Inst Organ Optoel,
Kunming 650214, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
C3 Kunming University; Kunming University; Kunming University
RP Nie, ZF (corresponding author), Kunming Univ, Key Lab Yunnan Prov Higher Educ
Inst Organ Optoel, Kunming 650214, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
EM niezf123@kmu.edu.cn
OI Nie, Zhifeng/0000-0002-4342-9902
FU "High-Level Youth Talent Special Support Plan" of Kunming City
[C202014002]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51904137];
Applied Basic Research Projects of Yunnan Province [2019FD044]; Open
Projects of State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources
Clean Utilization [CNMRCUKF1905]; Talent Training Project of Kunming
University [YJL2102]; NSFC; "HighLevel Talent Special Support Plan" of
Kunming City [C201905002]
FX This work was financially supported by "High-Level Youth Talent Special
Support Plan" of Kunming City (C202014002), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51904137), the Applied Basic Research Projects of
Yunnan Province (2019FD044), the Open Projects of State Key Laboratory
of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization (CNMRCUKF1905),
and the Talent Training Project of Kunming University (YJL2102). The
authors are grateful to NSFC and "HighLevel Talent Special Support Plan"
of Kunming City (C201905002).
CR Akinwamide SO, 2019, FLUID DYN MATER PROC, V15, P15, DOI
10.32604/fdmp.2019.04761
[Anonymous], 2009, TITANIUM SMELTING PR
Dang J, 2015, J ALLOY COMPD, V619, P443, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.09.057
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Huang SH, 2014, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V43, P2921
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Song B, 2016, ISIJ INT, V56, P2140, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2016-
338
Yang B., 2015, TITANIUM BASED MAT M
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NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS
PI HENDERSON
PA 871 CORONADO CENTER DR, SUTE 200, HENDERSON, NV 89052 USA
SN 1555-256X
EI 1555-2578
J9 FLUID DYN MATER PROC
JI Fluid Dyn. Mater. Processing
PY 2022
VL 18
IS 4
BP 883
EP 896
DI 10.32604/fdmp.2022.018537
PG 14
GA 0P7CJ
UT WOS:000784386900004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, H
Kim, Y
AF Kim, Hakmin
Kim, Yootaek
TI Property of geopolymers with aluminum smelting waste
SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geopolymer; Red mud; IGCC slag; Si sludge; Mechanism; Curing; FT-IR
AB Geopolymers were made by mixing IGCC slag and aluminum smelted waste and their
properties were compared with those of IGCC slag based geopolymers. When two raw
materials were mixed, the highest compressive strength was obtained at 1.78 of
Si/Al ratio. Because the change in compressive strength and density was not so
sensitive by the change in Si/Al ratio; that is, the permissible range of Si/Al
ratio mixing ratio is broad, it was speculated this broad permissible range would
be advantageous for commercialization. The Compressive strength of geopolymers
including red mud was higher than that of IGCC based ones and the safety was
confirmed by TCLP test. Therefore, it was concluded that the making geopolymers by
mixing red mud not only enhances the properties of geopolymers but also gives a
recyclability as safe construction materials.
C1 [Kim, Hakmin; Kim, Yootaek] Kyonggi Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Suwon 16227, South
Korea.
C3 Kyonggi University
RP Kim, Y (corresponding author), Kyonggi Univ, Dept Mat Engn, Suwon 16227, South
Korea.
EM ytkim@kgu.ac.kr
CR [Anonymous], 2011, SAREK
Choi M.R., 2003, J MIC SOCI, V10, P67
Duxson P, 2007, J MATER SCI, V42, P2917, DOI 10.1007/s10853-006-0637-z
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Kang, 2016, J R CONST RES, V4, P3
Kaya K, 2016, CERAM INT, V42, P7406, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.01.144
Kim, 2007, C NUGS, V4, P85
Kim Byoungkwan, 2018, [Journal of The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling,
자원리싸이클링], V27, P38, DOI 10.7844/kirr.2018.27.2.38
Kim H., 2021, J KOREAN CRYST GROWT, V31, P4
Kim H., 2021, J KOREAN CRYST GROWT, V31, P6
Kim H, 2022, J KOR CRYST GROWTH C, V32, P68, DOI 10.6111/JKCGCT.2022.32.2.068
Lee S, 2014, ASIAN WOMEN, V30, P1
Park, 2022, J I KOR, V35, P2
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI SEOUL
SN 1225-1429
EI 2234-5078
J9 J KOR CRYST GROWTH C
JI J. Kor. Cryst. Growth Cryst. Technol.
PY 2022
VL 32
IS 4
BP 143
EP 150
DI 10.6111/JKCGCT.2022.32.4.143
PG 8
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 4V2BV
UT WOS:000859288700004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liao, MY
Liu, JR
Zhu, HX
Wang, ZD
Cui, H
AF Liao, Mingyu
Liu, Jinrui
Zhu, Hongxin
Wang, Zhendong
Cui, Heng
TI Analysis of Slag-Steel Reactive of Fluorine-free Mold Fluxes Used for
3.52% Al-TRIP Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high Al steel; mold flux; reaction of slag-steel; melting point;
crystalline phases; viscosity
ID TRIP/TWIP STEELS; LIGHTWEIGHT; MORPHOLOGY; VISCOSITY; INTERFACE;
ALUMINUM; AL2O3
AB With the improvement of the requirements for lightweight automobiles, the
research and development of a higher Al content of TRIP steel have received
extensive attention. However, Al in molten steel is easy to react with SiO2 in mold
slag, which is one of the restrictive factors of high Al-TRIP steel continuous
casting quality control. Applying the double-film mass transfer theory, combined
with the slag-steel reaction equilibrium test, a dynamic equilibrium model is
established, and the crystalline phases composition before and after the reaction
is analyzed. The results show that the melting process of mold flux samples A and B
is uniform and meets the continuous casting control temperature. The main
components of the two mold flux samples changed rapidly within 10 minutes of the
initial reaction. When the reaction progressed to 20 minutes, the composition of
the two mold flux samples had no obvious change trend, and the slag-steel reaction
reached equilibrium. The main precipitated crystalline phases of the mold flux
sample are LiAlO2,Ca-3(BO3)(2) , NaAlO2, ZrO2, and CaZrO3 crystals. Mold slag A
identified the mass transfer of Al in the steel as the limiting part of the
reaction, while mold slag B identified the mass transfer of SiO 2 in the slag as
the limiting part of the reaction.
C1 [Liao, Mingyu; Liu, Jinrui; Zhu, Hongxin; Wang, Zhendong; Cui, Heng] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Steel Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R
China.
RP Cui, H (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Collaborat Innovat
Ctr Steel Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM cuiheng@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1860106]
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support of this work from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1860106).
CR Brüx U, 2002, STEEL RES, V73, P543
Cheng Z, 1998, COMPEL, V17, P347, DOI 10.1108/03321649810203260
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2016.08.036
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Li YX, 2003, MATER DESIGN, V24, P177, DOI 10.1016/S0261-3069(03)00021-9
Liu GM, 2021, MATERIALS, V14, DOI 10.3390/ma14102478
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2019-291
Zhang KT, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P1174, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1236-5
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 6
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 8
BP 1649
EP 1656
PG 8
GA 4V6GY
UT WOS:000859574600010
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, HB
Liu, ZJ
Zhang, JL
Gao, TL
Zong, YB
Guo, ZY
Jia, KX
AF Ma, Hengbao
Liu, Zhengjian
Zhang, Jianliang
Gao, Tianlu
Zong, Yanbing
Guo, Ziyu
Jia, Kexin
TI Migration Behavior of K, Na, S, Ti in Hearth of a Commercial Blast
Furnace
LA English
DT Article
DE deadman; blast furnace dissection; trace elements; migration behavior
ID PROTECTIVE LAYER; HARMFUL ELEMENTS; MINERAL MATTER; COKE; ACCUMULATION;
MICROSTRUCTURE; VISCOSITY; MECHANISM; CARBON; PHASE
AB In-depth understanding of the existence state and migration behavior of K, Na,
S, Ti in the BF hearth is essential to improve the campaign life and optimize the
operation process of the blast furnace. In the study, deadman and carbon brick
samples were extracted along the radial direction from a large commercial BF during
dissection investigation. The microscopic morphology of the samples and the
migration behavior of K, Na, S, Ti were analyzed. It was found that a layer of
minerals existed on the surface of deadman coke in hearth, and high melting
temperature phases such as CaS and TiN as well as slag with high aluminum were
existed at the coke-slag-iron interface. K, Na compound present widespread in the
deadman coke and carbon brick. The formation of mineral layer reduced the coke
dissolution rate, thereby delaying the renewal rate of the deadman. With the
dissolution of coke, minerals flow out from the surface of coke and precipitate as
alumina and MgAl2O4 spinel, which reduces the voidage of the deadman. Meanwhile,
slag is sufficiently desulfurized with the iron to form a large amount of CaS
accumulation at the hearth sidewall, which intensifies the iron circulation and
increases the erosion of carbon brick. When the slag is in contact with the
refractory, the K, Na contained in the slag provides a source of alkalis attack on
the carbon bricks, and the Ti in the slag provides the possibility of forming a
protective layer containing titanium on the sidewall of the hearth.
C1 [Ma, Hengbao; Liu, Zhengjian; Zhang, Jianliang; Gao, Tianlu; Zong, Yanbing; Guo,
Ziyu; Jia, Kexin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083,
Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Jianliang] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing
[Zhang, Jianliang; Jia, Kexin] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Res Inst Macro Safety
Sci, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Technology Beijing; University of Science & Technology Beijing
RP Liu, ZJ (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol Engn,
EM liuzhengjian@126.com
RI jin, li/IWU-4648-2023; Zhang, Yuzhu/HJP-7447-2023; zhang,
jian/HPD-1712-2023; zhan, y/ISA-2807-2023
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51874025).
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01977-8
Chang ZY, 2019, METALL MATER TRANS B, V50, P1399, DOI 10.1007/s11663-019-01565-5
Chang ZY, 2019, ISIJ INT, V59, P1796, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-
2019-140
Chang ZY, 2018, ENERG FUEL, V32, P8383, DOI 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b02214
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Deng Y, 2020, ISIJ INT, V60, P226, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2019-
142
Deng Y, 2019, ISIJ INT, V59, P1, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2018-467
Deng Y, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P1198, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2018-
005
Fan XY, 2019, CERAM INT, V45, P13903, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.04.088
Fan XY, 2019, CAN METALL QUART, V58, P400, DOI 10.1080/00084433.2019.1617508
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146
Guo ZY, 2021, STEEL RES INT, V92, DOI 10.1002/srin.202100273
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Jiao KX, 2016, ISIJ INT, V56, P1956, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2016-
168
Jiao KX, 2015, INT J MIN MET MATER, V22, P1017, DOI 10.1007/s12613-015-1163-2
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419
Li KJ, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P1104, DOI 10.1007/s11663-015-0335-9
Liu ZJ, 2012, ISIJ INT, V52, P1713, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.52.1713
Ma HB, 2021, CERAM INT, V47, P17445, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.03.061
Niu Q, 2019, ISIJ INT, V59, P1776, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2019-
029
Niu Q, 2018, ISIJ INT, V58, P667, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2017-644
[祁成林 Qi Chenglin], 2010, [北京科技大学学报, Journal of University Science and
Sakurovs R, 2007, INT J COAL GEOL, V72, P81, DOI 10.1016/j.coal.2006.12.009
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Wang C, 2021, ISIJ INT, V61, P138, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2020-
319
Wang W, 2017, FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL, V159, P118, DOI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.01.039
Wang ZY, 2019, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V46, P937, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2019.1697111
Xu RZ, 2020, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V47, P168, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2018.1498761
Zhang L, 2020, ISIJ INT, V60, P1655, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2019-
712
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 10
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0915-1559
EI 1347-5460
J9 ISIJ INT
JI ISIJ Int.
PY 2022
VL 62
IS 11
BP 2236
EP 2243
PG 8
GA 8A7DS
UT WOS:000916396300008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Mikuszewski, T
Tomaszewska, A
Moskal, G
Migas, D
Witala, B
AF Mikuszewski, T.
Tomaszewska, A.
Moskal, G.
Migas, D.
Witala, B.
TI INDUCTION VACUUM SMELTING OF Co-Al-W SUPERALLOYS-OPTIMIZING THE
FEEDSTOCK BASED ON THE ALLOY'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ELEMENTAL
SEGREGATION, AND SLAG FORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Co-Al-W alloys; Feedstock optimizing; Smelting process; Dendritic
segregation; Chemical composition
ID PHASE; STABILITY; BEHAVIOR
AB In this study, the manufacturing of Co-Al-W alloys by smelting in a vacuum
induction furnace was discussed taking into account the optimizing of the feedstock
material morphology. Herein, the influence of various feedstock conditions and the
order of introducing the alloying elements into a liquid alloy were analyzed and
described. The investigation revealed that it was possible to obtain the desired
chemical composition of Co-Al-W alloys using fragmented tungsten pellets introduced
from a vacuum feeder into the liquid Co-Al alloy heated above the liquidus
temperature to maximum of 40-50 degrees C. This technical variant required accurate
temperature control of the molten alloy, which did not ensure complete
reproducibility. The disadvantage of this process was a relatively high slag
formation. The optimal technical solution involved obtaining the liquid Co-W
solution and introducing Al at the end of the smelting process; in this variant,
the slagging effect was relatively low. Additionally, melting of the alloy in an
argon atmosphere reduced the loss of aluminum due to evaporation, as compared to
melting in a vacuum. The smelting process could be carried out either in Al2O3
solid crucibles or in compacted crucibles made of MgO-based refractory mass.
C1 [Mikuszewski, T.; Tomaszewska, A.; Moskal, G.; Migas, D.; Witala, B.] Silesian
Tech Univ, Dept Mat Technol, Katowice, Poland.
[Moskal, G.] Silesian Tech Univ, Univ Zone Mat Innovat, Katowice, Poland.
[Witala, B.] Sect Adv Mat & Protect Coatings Technol Aircraft E, Silesian Aviat
Technol Lab, Katowice, Poland.
C3 Silesian University of Technology; Silesian University of Technology
RP Migas, D (corresponding author), Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Mat Technol, Katowice,
Poland.
EM damian.migas@polsl.pl
FU budgetary funds for science; Diamond Grant programme;
[0069/DIA/2018/47]
FX This work is financed from the budgetary funds for science for the years
2018-2022, as a research project within the Diamond Grant programme
(0069/DIA/2018/47).
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NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI BOR
SN 1450-5339
EI 2217-7175
J9 J MIN METALL B
PY 2022
VL 58
IS 2
BP 179
EP 189
DI 10.2298/JMMB211107002M
PG 11
GA 6D6VC
UT WOS:000882824600002
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Tong, ZB
Sun, JT
Liu, SC
Zhang, W
Kuang, ML
AF Tong, Z. -B.
Sun, J. -T
Liu, S. -C
Zhang, W.
Kuang, M. -L
TI STUDY ON A NEW PROCESS AND ITS KINETICS OF IRON RECOVERY AND
GLASS-CERAMICS PREPARATION FROM DESULFURIZATION SLAG
LA English
DT Article
DE Desulfurization slag; Glass-ceramics; Diopside and nepheline; Kinetics;
Factsage
ID BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM
AB This paper creatively proposes a new process with desulfurization slag leached
by ammonium chloride as pretreatment , the main point of this paper lies in the
processing of desulfurization residue leached by ammonium chloride. Through
component analysis the formula is adjusted with high aluminum coal ash , glass
cullet, making the melting point of the reduction slag around 1200 celcius, which
facilitates the separation of iron and slag. At the same time, the reduction slag
is adjusted to the target crystallization phase, so that the high temperature
reduction slag after carbon thermal reduction can be used to produce glass-ceramics
directly. The results show that iron recovery rate is over 99%, and diopside and
nepheline glass-ceramics are produced, which shows that the new process is
feasible. However, the crystal growth index is less than 3, which means that the
crystallization capacity of the glass-ceramics is low, and nucleating agent is
needed in the preparation of glass-ceramics.
C1 [Tong, Z. -B.; Sun, J. -T; Liu, S. -C; Zhang, W.; Kuang, M. -L] Yangtze Normal
Univ, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing, Peoples R China.
C3 Yangtze Normal University
RP Tong, ZB (corresponding author), Yangtze Normal Univ, Fac Mat Sci & Engn,
Chongqing, Peoples R China.
EM 404545023@qq.com
FU Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing [cstc2018jcyjAX0457]; Chongqing
Municipal Education Commission of Science and Technology Research
Project [KJQN202001409]; Natural Science Foundation of Fuling District,
Chongqing (FLKJ) [2018BBA3058]; National College Students Innovation and
Entrepreneurship Training Program [S202010647003, S202110647001]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the Natural Science Foundation of
Chongqing (cstc2018jcyjAX0457) , Chongqing Municipal Education
Commission of Science and Technology Research Project (KJQN202001409) ,
the Natural Science Foundation of Fuling District, Chongqing (FLKJ,
2018BBA3058) , and National College Students Innovation and
Entrepreneurship Training Program (S202010647003 and S202110647001) .
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PI BOR
SN 1450-5339
EI 2217-7175
J9 J MIN METALL B
PY 2022
VL 58
IS 2
BP 169
EP 178
DI 10.2298/JMMB211008001T
PG 10
GA 6D6VC
UT WOS:000882824600001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, SY
Li, S
Gu, GX
Cao, Y
Qu, Y
Zhao, FY
Yue, YL
Kang, JF
AF Yang, Shengyun
Li, Sheng
Gu, Guoxuan
Cao, Yi
Qu, Ya
Zhao, Fengyang
Yue, Yunlong
Kang, Junfeng
TI EFFECT OF Al2O3-RO RATIO ON THE STRUCTURE AND
PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE EARTH ALUMINOSILICATE GLASS BASED ON THE
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION
SO CERAMICS-SILIKATY
LA English
DT Article
DE Molecular dynamics simulation; Glass melts; High-temperature viscosity;
Micro-structure characteristics; Degree of network polymerisation
ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; VISCOSITY; ANGLE
AB The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method was used to study the influence of
the Al2O3-RO (R=Ca, Mg) ratio on the structure and properties of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-
SiO2-Na2O glass at high temperatures. The micro-structure characteristics, degree
of network polymerisation (DNP), and high-temperature viscosity of the glass melts
were analysed. The results showed that the coordination number of Si4+ and Al3+
remained about 4 in the process of replacing Al2O3 with RO. The silicon-oxygen and
aluminium-oxygen tetrahedron content showed a decreasing trend with a decrease in
the Al2O3 content, the bridging oxygen content decreased, and the degree of the
network polymerisation of the glass decreased from 3.33 to 2.79. The decrease in
the Al2O3 content also caused a rapid decrease in the glass fibre-forming
temperature from 1637.66K to 1552.87K. According to the molecular dynamics
calculation, the linear relationship between the DNP and fibre-forming temperature
was obtained.
C1 [Yang, Shengyun; Gu, Guoxuan; Qu, Ya; Yue, Yunlong; Kang, Junfeng] Univ Jinan,
Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250022, Peoples R China.
[Li, Sheng] Qingyuan CSG New Energy Saving Mat Co Ltd, Jinan, Peoples R China.
[Cao, Yi] Univ Jinan, Sch Informat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250022, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Fengyang] State Key Lab New Technol Float Glass, 751 Donghai Dadao,
Bengbu, Anhui, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Jinan; University of Jinan
RP Yue, YL; Kang, JF (corresponding author), Univ Jinan, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan
EM zztg_yuey1@163.com; mse_kangjf@ujn.edu.cn
RI Yue, Yunlong/AAJ-2383-2020
OI Kang, Junfeng/0000-0002-8477-7049; Li, Sheng/0000-0002-1789-6531
52072148, 51672105]; Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province
[ZR2019BEM002]; Opening Project of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced
Technology for Float Glass [2020KF01]
FX Acknowledgment This paper was funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51872117, No. 51804131, No. 52072148 and No.
51672105) , the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.
ZR2019BEM002) , and the Opening Project of the State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Technology for Float Glass (No. 2020KF01) .
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NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 11
PU UNIV CHEMISTRY & TECHNOLOGY, PRAGUE
PI PRAGUE 6
PA TECHNICKA 5, PRAGUE 6, DEJVICE 166 28, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 0862-5468
EI 1804-5847
J9 CERAM-SILIKATY
JI Ceram.-Silik.
PY 2022
VL 66
IS 2
BP 137
EP 147
DI 10.13168/cs.2022.0008
PG 0
GA ZR4PW
UT WOS:000767768000001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Peng, JW
Xiao, C
Song, Q
Peng, ZC
Huang, RS
Yang, YD
Tang, G
AF Peng Jian-wen
Xiao Chong
Song Qiang
Peng Zhong-chao
Huang Ruo-sen
Yang Ya-dong
Tang Gang
TI Flame Retardant Mechanism Investigation of Thermoplastic Polyurethane
Composite/Ammonium Polyphosphate/Aluminum Hydroxide Composites Based on
Spectroscopy Analysis
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE Spectroscopy analysis; Thermoplastic polyurethane; Ammonium
polyphosphate; Aluminum hydroxide; Flame retardancy; Synergistic effect
ID FIRE HAZARDS; OXIDE
AB Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and aluminum hydroxide (ATH) was introduced to
prepare a series of ammonium polyphosphate/aluminum hydroxide/thermoplastic
polyurethane composites (TPU/APP/ATH) by melting blending technology. Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS) ,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser Raman spectroscopy test were applied
to investigate micro-morphology, surface structure, elemental composition, bonding
state and graphitization degree of the char residue for TPU and flame retardant TPU
composites, which combined with flame retardant tests to discover synergistic flame
retardant mechanism of APP and ATH. SEM analysis revealed that TPU/APP/ATH char
residue had less void structure and higher densification than APP and ATH alone.
XPS revealed that the content of the C element in FR-TPU slag decreased compared
with pure TPU, while the content of the O element increased. In these samples, the
content of C element in TPU/APP10/ATH10 decreased from 88. 2% to 69. 24% , the
content of O element increased from 8. 07% to 17. 78%. Compared with TPU/APP20 and
TPU/ATH20, the content of P and Al element in TPU/APP10/ATH10 were decreased to 3.
91% and 3. 31%, respectively. Furthermore, peak fitting for bonding state of C
element showed that C-C/C-H, C-O/C-N and C=O/C=N structure in char residue of TPU
was 61. 05% , 35. 65% and 3. 30%. In comparison, those in char residue of
TPU/APP10/ATH10 were 45. 38% , 45. 00% and 9. 63% , indicating ATH and APP
facilitated the formation of ester, ether, carbonyl, the carboxylic acid (salt),
ester group, et al. Peak fitting for the binding state of O element showed that O-
2/H2O, -O- and =O structure in char residue of TPU were 28. 75%, 44. 36% and 26.
89% , compared with 44. 33% , 32. 78% and 22. 89% in char residue of
TPLT/APP10/ATH10, indicating that the addition of APP or/and ATH was conducive to
the formation of O-2/H2O structure of O elements. Peak fitting for bonding state of
N element showed that -NH- and -N- structure in char residue of TPU was 40. 93% and
59. 07% , compared with 47. 17%0 and 52. 83% in char residue of TPU/APP10/ATH10,
implying ATH and APP promoted the formation of -NH- structure. The Raman
spectroscopy test showed that the char layers of TPU/APP10/ATH10 were more
graphitized and densified than the sample with APP and ATH used alone. Based on the
above researches and flame-retardant tests, the flame retardancy mechanism of
TPU/APP/ATH composites can be obtained as follows; ATH was thermally decomposed
into alumina, which absorbed heat and released large amounts of water vapor,
effectively facilitating APP degradation, producing incombustible ammonia and
polyphosphoric acid, which diluted the concentration of flammable gas. As the
temperature continued to rise, alumina reacts with polyphosphoric acid to form
aluminum metaphosphate (Al(PO2)(3)), which synchronously catalyzes the
carbonization of the polyurethane matrix to form a highly graphitized char layer.
The graphitized char layer covered the surface of the matrix together with aluminum
metaphosphate, effectively inhibiting the transport of substances and energy in the
combustion area, thus achieving flame retardation.
C1 [Peng Jian-wen; Xiao Chong; Song Qiang; Peng Zhong-chao; Huang Ruo-sen; Tang
Gang] ASAP Technol Jiangxi Co Ltd, Jian 343100, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
[Tang Gang] Univ Sci & Technol China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Hefei 230026,
Peoples R China.
[Yang Ya-dong; Tang Gang] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Architecture & Civil Engn,
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of
China, CAS; Anhui University of Technology
RP Tang, G (corresponding author), ASAP Technol Jiangxi Co Ltd, Jian 343100,
Jiangxi, Peoples R China.; Tang, G (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol
China, State Key Lab Fire Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.; Tang, G
(corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Architecture & Civil Engn, Maanshan
EM Pedro.Peng@luxshare-ict.com; gangtang@mail.ustc.edu.cn
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Hu S, 2020, FIRE MATER, V44, P673, DOI 10.1002/fam.2831
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Jiao CM, 2019, J THERM ANAL CALORIM, V137, P1579, DOI 10.1007/s10973-019-08044-8
Liu C, 2019, J THERMOPLAST COMPOS, V32, P1393, DOI 10.1177/0892705718798409
Liu L, 2016, J THERM ANAL CALORIM, V124, P807, DOI 10.1007/s10973-015-5213-9
Liu XY, 2020, SPECTROSC SPECT ANAL, V40, P1626, DOI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-
0593(2020)05-1626-08
Lou FP, 2019, POLYMERS-BASEL, V11, DOI 10.3390/polym11010125
Ni JX, 2009, POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL, V20, P999, DOI 10.1002/pat.1354
Tabuani D, 2012, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V97, P2594, DOI
Tang G, 2020, ADV POWDER TECHNOL, V31, P279, DOI 10.1016/j.apt.2019.10.020
Wang BB, 2016, J HAZARD MATER, V314, P260, DOI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.029
Wang SG, 2019, J COLLOID INTERF SCI, V536, P127, DOI 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.052
[赵梁成 Zhao Liangcheng], 2020, [复合材料学报, Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica],
V37, P242
Zhou KQ, 2016, COMPOS PART A-APPL S, V88, P10, DOI
10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.05.014
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 35
PI BEIJING
SN 1000-0593
PD DEC
PY 2021
VL 41
IS 12
BP 3901
EP 3908
DI 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2021)12-3901-08
PG 8
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA YN4QL
UT WOS:000747245000041
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Raviraj, A
Spooner, S
Li, J
Kourra, N
Warnett, J
Abbel, G
Tiekink, W
Williams, MA
Davis, C
Sridhar, S
AF Raviraj, A.
Spooner, S.
Li, J.
Kourra, N.
Warnett, J.
Abbel, G.
Tiekink, W.
Williams, M. A.
Davis, C.
Sridhar, S.
TI Artificial Inclusion Environments-Replicating Industry in the Laboratory
SO FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusion; high aluminium steel; reaction kinetics; continuous casting;
spontaneous emulsification
ID SIO2-AL2O3-CAO SLAGS; SIO2; REDUCTION; AL
AB The authors present a series of complementary test methods which were developed
and used to investigate reactions between high aluminium steel and silica rich
inclusions. Non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) cause many defects in the final steel
product, therefore the ability to track their size, morphology and composition and
correlate this with fundamental reaction kinetics provides important knowledge to
support the production of clean quality steel products. Novel steel grades such as
TRIP, TWIP and low-density steels have high aluminium contents; aluminium is a
readily oxidisable species presenting the potential for instability and excessive
reaction with commonly used mould powders that contain silica. A novel combination
of techniques including HT-CLSM (High-Temperature Confocal Laser Scanning
Microscope), XCT (X-ray computed tomography) and SEM/EDS (scanning electron
microscopy/electron dispersive spectroscopy) have been used to study the
interaction of entrained mould powder inclusions with steel at high temperatures
simulating industrial conditions. This report presents a discussion on the
development of techniques and samples to achieve representative and repeatable
results that can provide information on the complex chemical and physical
interaction phenomena with confidence. Each experimental technique had its own
learning points and consequent results. Outcomes presented include possible
confirmation of the chemical reaction rate controlling step being aluminium mass
transfer; heterogeneous local environmental conditions including fluidity and
chemical composition; and occurrence of spontaneous emulsification where the mould
powder inclusion breaks apart into a cloud of smaller fragments.
C1 [Raviraj, A.; Warnett, J.; Williams, M. A.; Davis, C.] Univ Warwick, WMG,
Coventry, W Midlands, England.
[Spooner, S.] Swansea Univ, Coll Engn, Swansea, W Glam, Wales.
[Li, J.] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Kourra, N.] New Model Inst Technol & Engn, Hereford, England.
[Abbel, G.; Tiekink, W.] Tata Steel, Ijmuiden, Netherlands.
[Sridhar, S.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA.
C3 University of Warwick; Swansea University; Jiangsu University; Arizona
State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
RP Raviraj, A (corresponding author), Univ Warwick, WMG, Coventry, W Midlands,
England.
EM a.raviraj@warwick.ac.uk
FU EPSRC; Tata Steel Europe
FX The research was funded by EPSRC and Tata Steel Europe.
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NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 2296-8016
J9 FRONT MATER
JI Front. Mater.
PD NOV 10
PY 2021
VL 8
AR 754284
DI 10.3389/fmats.2021.754284
PG 10
GA XI3XM
UT WOS:000726048800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, H
Li, XL
Wu, YG
AF Sun, Hang
Li, Xinlong
Wu, Yonggui
TI Study on the migration and transformation of arsenic and antimony in the
rhizosphere of plants grown in zinc smelting slag
SO CHEMISTRY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Zinc smelting slag; phytoremediation; arsenic; antimony; migration and
transformation
ID COPPER FRACTIONATION; MINE TAILINGS; SOIL; SPECIATION; SEDIMENTS; IRON;
BEHAVIOR; WATER; BIOAVAILABILITY; AVAILABILITY
AB We studied the speciation of arsenic and antimony in the rhizosphere of 6
pioneer plants grown in zinc smelting slag to understand the main affecting factors
of phytoremediation. Compared with the control slag, the pH of rhizosphere
decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and the DOC content increased significantly (p <
0.05). Overall, the contents of arsenic (except Photinia serrulata and Lolium
perenne) and antimony in the rhizosphere were lower than those of control slag. The
proportions of residual arsenic and antimony in the rhizosphere were the highest
and significantly higher than control slag. Exchangeable state, aluminum-bound
state and calcium-bound state were lower than control slag. The contents of arsenic
and antimony in plants were normal and followed the order of roots > leaves >
stems. Arsenic and antimony were significantly positively correlated with Free iron
and aluminum oxides and negatively correlated with DOC. After 7 years of
phytoremediation, the content and bioavailability of arsenic and antimony in the
rhizosphere were significantly reduced and have a normal contents in plants. It is
speculated that phytoremediation increases the migration of arsenic and antimony to
the surrounding area, and Photinia serrulata and Lolium perenne exhibited the best
performance on stabilise arsenic in slag.
C1 [Sun, Hang; Li, Xinlong; Wu, Yonggui] Guizhou Univ, Coll Resource & Environm
[Wu, Yonggui] Guizhou Univ, Inst Appl Ecol, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Yonggui] Minist Educ, Guizhou Kast Environm Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn,
Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.
C3 Guizhou University; Guizhou University
RP Wu, YG (corresponding author), Guizhou Univ, Coll Resource & Environm Engn,
Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.; Wu, YG (corresponding author), Guizhou Univ, Inst
Appl Ecol, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China.; Wu, YG (corresponding author), Minist
Educ, Guizhou Kast Environm Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R
China.
EM ygwu72@126.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1612442]; United Fund of
Guizhou Province Government; Natural and Science Project of the
Education Department of Guizhou Province [KY2016011]
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
[grant number 41663009]; the United Fund of Guizhou Province Government
and National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number
U1612442]; the Natural and Science Project of the Education Department
of Guizhou Province [grant number KY2016011].
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NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 22
U2 56
PI ABINGDON
SN 0275-7540
EI 1029-0370
J9 CHEM ECOL
JI Chem. Ecol.
PD NOV 26
PY 2021
VL 37
IS 9-10
BP 882
EP 897
DI 10.1080/02757540.2021.1993203
EA OCT 2021
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA XA3JL
UT WOS:000712178000001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Abdrakhimov, VZ
Abdrakhimova, ES
AF Abdrakhimov, V. Z.
Abdrakhimova, E. S.
TI Earthquake-Resistant Brick Based on Intershale Clay and
Aluminum-Containing Slag of Metallic Chrome Production
LA English
DT Article
DE earthquake-resistant brick; industrial waste; intershale clay;
aluminum-containing slag; mullite; anorthite
AB Most low-melting (brick tile) clays found in the Russian Federation are
classified as semi-acidic and acidic, non-caking, with a high content of coloring
oxides (Fe2O3> 3%) and a low content of aluminum oxide (12 - 15%). Therefore,
bricks of grade M150 or higher cannot be obtained from these clay components, given
their low aluminum oxide content. Ceramic bricks of grades M150 - M300 are required
for the construction of load-bearing walls of the lower floors of high-rise
buildings (ten floors and higher). In this work, a ceramic earthquake-resistant
brick was obtained based on waste of combustible shale, namely, intershale clay
used as a clay component, and aluminum-containing slag from the production of
metallic chromium. Earthquake-resistant brick, fired in the range of 1050 - 1100
degrees C, had a grades M150 - 175. Studies of the phase composition of ceramic
brick samples have shown that mullite is formed in the samples when fired at 1100
degrees C.
C1 [Abdrakhimov, V. Z.] Samara State Econ Univ, Samara, Russia.
[Abdrakhimova, E. S.] SP Korolev Samara Natl Res Univ, Samara, Russia.
RP Abdrakhimova, ES (corresponding author), SP Korolev Samara Natl Res Univ,
Samara, Russia.
EM 3375892@mail.ru
CR Abdrakhimov VZ, 2020, THEOR FOUND CHEM EN+, V54, P750, DOI
10.1134/S0040579519050026
Abdrakhimov V. Z., 2020, BUREN NEFT, P42
[Абдрахимов Владимир Закирович Abdrakhimov Vladimir], 2018, [Перспективные
материалы, Inorganic Materials: Applied Research, Perspektivnye materialy], P49,
DOI 10.30791/1028-978X-2018-3-49-56
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Vinogradov, 2017, FEDERAL RES CTR UNIT
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
EI 1573-9139
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 62
IS 2
BP 226
EP 230
DI 10.1007/s11148-021-00587-4
EA OCT 2021
PG 5
GA WH8TF
UT WOS:000705772200005
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, N
Yang, W
Zhang, LF
Wu, SJ
AF Liu, Nan
Yang, Wen
Zhang, Lifeng
Wu, Songjie
TI Effect of Oxygen at Basic Oxygen Furnace Endpoint on Control of
Inclusions in a Si-Mn Killed Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE alumina; basic oxygen furnace endpoint; dissolved oxygen; inclusions;
Si-Mn killed steel
ID FORMATION MECHANISM; OXIDE INCLUSIONS; SLAG COMPOSITION; WIRES
AB The existence of the dissolved aluminum and other impurity elements in alloys
would inevitably lead to the formation of the Al2O3 component of inclusions in Si-
Mn killed steels. Herein, the effect of dissolved oxygen at the endpoint of basic
oxygen furnace (BOF) on the control of inclusions in a Si-Mn killed steel is
investigated. With the increase in the dissolved oxygen at the BOF endpoint, the
(FeO + MnO) content in the refining slag increases and the dissolved aluminum in
the steel decreases as a whole. Meanwhile, the proper increase in the dissolved
oxygen hardly deteriorated the cleanliness of the steel. As the equilibrium
dissolved oxygen at the BOF endpoint increased from 148 to 402 ppm, the Al2O3
content of inclusions could be lowered to <4 wt%. Both industrial trials and the
thermodynamic consideration indicate that increasing the dissolved oxygen at the
endpoint of BOF can be an efficient approach to achieve the ultralow Al2O3 content
of inclusions in the Si-Mn killed steel due to the oxidation of the dissolved
aluminum by the oxygen both in the molten steel and in the refining slag.
C1 [Liu, Nan; Yang, Wen; Wu, Songjie] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol
[Liu, Nan] Baotou Steel Union Co Ltd, Steelmaking Plant, Baotou 014010, Inner
Mongolia, Peoples R China.
China.
EM wenyang@ustb.edu.cn; zhanglifeng@ysu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation China [51874031, U1860206];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [FRF-BD-20-04A];
S&T Program of Hebei [20311004D]; High Steel Center (HSC) at Yanshan
Manufacturing of High Quality Steel Materials (ICSM); High Quality Steel
Consortium (HQSC) at University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
Foundation China (Grant No. 51874031, No. U1860206), the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. FRF-BD-20-04A),
the S&T Program of Hebei (Grant No.20311004D), the High Steel Center
(HSC) at Yanshan University, the Beijing International Center of
(ICSM), and the High Quality Steel Consortium (HQSC) at University of
Science and Technology Beijing, China.
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Ren Q, 2020, STEEL RES INT, V91, DOI 10.1002/srin.201900303
Wang KP, 2016, METALL MATER TRANS B, V47, P282, DOI 10.1007/s11663-015-0502-z
Wang Y, 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V48, P943, DOI 10.1007/s11663-017-0922-z
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Yilmaz M, 2007, MATER DESIGN, V28, P599, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2005.07.016
Zhang L., 2016, P IR STEEL TECHN C, P2
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 14
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD FEB
PY 2022
VL 93
IS 2
AR 2100411
DI 10.1002/srin.202100411
EA SEP 2021
PG 8
GA YQ0GP
UT WOS:000700521800001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Brand, MA
Henne, RA
Schein, VAS
Pereira, ER
AF Brand, Martha Andreia
Henne, Reny Aldo
Spinelli Schein, Viviane Aparecida
Pereira, Ederson Rodrigues
TI Problem mapping of the generation and treatment of forest biomass ashes
in boiler
SO CIENCIA FLORESTAL
LA Portuguese
DT Article
DE Elemental analysis; Fusion of the ashes; Indices of the deposition
ID COMBUSTION; FUEL; COCOMBUSTION; EMISSIONS; PELLETS
AB The nature of the problems associated with the biomass combustion in boilers and
their impact on the performance of combustion equipment depends on the fuel's
characteristics, and the design and operation of the combustion equipment. Thus,
the objective of this study was to map the problems associated with the generation
and treatment of forest biomass ashes in an industrial boiler. The study was
developed in a thermoelectric plant with a production of 28MW / hour originated
from the combustion of residual forest biomass. Three biomass samples were
collected before entering the boiler's furnace and at four flowing points inside
the boiler, where the treatment and recovery for the final disposal of the biomass
ashes occur. To compare the collection points in the boiler and the biomass
properties, part of the samples were calcined in the laboratory. The analysed
properties were: inorganic elemental chemical composition; the ashes fusion test
and the potentiality of occurrence of problems through the following indices: ash
deposition (R); slag (Rs); inlay (Fu); viscosity (Sr) and alkali (Al). As for the
elemental chemical composition, the compounds with the highest concentrations were
silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium oxides. The melting
temperature of the ashes was between 1261 degrees C and 1385 degrees C at the
collection points. The mapping of the problems indicated low risks of formation of
slag and viscosity. The fouling index was high, from 0.69 for the decanter and 1.11
for the readier, the latter having a medium potential viscosity. The formation of
alkali occurred in the readier and decanter, causing corrosion at these points. The
calculations of the deposition rates, based on the elemental chemical composition
of the ashes were able to express the problems that occur in the combustion of the
forest biomass in the boiler.
C1 [Brand, Martha Andreia; Spinelli Schein, Viviane Aparecida] Univ Estado Santa
Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil.
[Henne, Reny Aldo] Ctr Univ Unifacvest, Lages, SC, Brazil.
[Pereira, Ederson Rodrigues] Pilar Prod Agroecol, Bom Retiro, SC, Brazil.
C3 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
RP Brand, MA (corresponding author), Univ Estado Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil.
EM martha.brand@udesc.br; renyhenne@hotmail.com; viviane.schein@udesc.br;
edersonquimica@gmail.com
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2011, 15290 UNEEN
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10.1016/j.fuproc.2007.06.011
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Pronobis M, 2005, BIOMASS BIOENERG, V28, P375, DOI
10.1016/j.biombioe.2004.11.003
Rizvi T, 2015, FUEL, V141, P275, DOI 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.10.021
Saidur R, 2011, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V15, P2262, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2011.02.015
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Van Loo S, 2008, HDB BIOMASS COMBUSTI
Werther J, 2000, PROG ENERG COMBUST, V26, P1, DOI 10.1016/S0360-1285(99)00005-2
Wiinikka H, 2013, ENERG FUEL, V27, P1073, DOI 10.1021/ef3011146
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU CENTRO PESQUISAS FLORESTAIS, UFSM
PI SANTA MARIA
PA DEPT CIENCIAS FLORESTAIS, CAMPUS UNIV, CAIXA POSTAL 5096, SANTA MARIA,
RS 00000, BRAZIL
SN 0103-9954
EI 1980-5098
J9 CIENC FLOREST
JI Cienc. Florest.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2021
VL 31
IS 3
BP 1167
EP 1192
DI 10.5902/1980509835819
PG 26
WC Plant Sciences; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Forestry
GA UL9JB
UT WOS:000692957900007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Em, AY
Komolova, OA
Pogodin, AM
Grigorovich, KV
AF Em, A. Yu.
Komolova, O. A.
Pogodin, A. M.
Grigorovich, K. V.
TI Formation of Nonmetallic Inclusions during Ladle Treatment of Pipe
Steels
LA English
DT Article
DE pipe steels; fractional gas analysis; nonmetallic inclusions;
mathematical simulation; technology of production; steel quality
AB The technology of melting and ladle treatment of pipe steels K56, 09G2S, and
KEI55 is analyzed to determine the factors affecting the metal quality and the
formation and removal of oxide nonmetallic inclusions (NIs). To determine the
causes of increasing the phosphorus content in the metal in an ladle-furnace unit
(LFU), we develop a mathematical model to calculate the slag mass entering the
metal on tapping from an electric arc furnace (EAF) and remaining on the steel
ladle walls from the previous heat. This model is based on a system of material
balance equations. Fractional gas analysis and scanning electron microscopy with
electron-probe microanalysis are used to study the metal samples taken along the
entire technological scheme of melting and ladle treatment of K56, 09G2S, and KEI55
pipe steels. The total content of oxygen and nitrogen in the selected metal
samples, the characteristic types of oxide NIs, and their number are determined at
each stage of ladle treatment and casting. The steel samples are shown to contain
the most unfavorable for pipe steels undeformable NIs, namely, aluminates,
aluminosilicates, and calcium aluminosilicates. The increase in the aluminum-
magnesium spinel NI content in the metal samples is assumed to be due to the
influence of deoxidizers and the inert gas flow rate on the destruction of the
lining. The introduction of ferroniobium with an increase in the argon blowing
intensity is found to decrease the nitrogen content in the metal due to the removal
of formed titanium nitrides into a slag. The increase in the oxygen and nitrogen
content in the samples taken from a continuous casting machine for the heats of
09G2S and KEI55 steels is assumed to indicate secondary oxidation of the metal on
casting. A software package is developed using the C++ programming language and the
Visual Studio environment in order to predict the number of various types of NIs
having formed during ladle treatment depending on its conditions. The convergence
of the calculated and experimental values is shown to be satisfactory.
C1 [Em, A. Yu.; Komolova, O. A.; Pogodin, A. M.; Grigorovich, K. V.] Russian Acad
Sci, Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow, Russia.
[Em, A. Yu.; Komolova, O. A.] Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS, Moscow, Russia.
Science (IMET RAS); National University of Science & Technology (MISIS)
RP Em, AY (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci,
Moscow, Russia.; Em, AY (corresponding author), Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISiS,
Moscow, Russia.
EM tony.yem1994@gmail.com
OI Pogodin, Alexander/0000-0002-6902-2721
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [18-29-24146 mk]
FX This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project no. 18-29-24146 mk.
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Grigorovich K. V., 2018, P ICS 2018 7 INT C S
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[10.1080/03019233.2018.1483592, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2018.1483592]
Mapelli C, 2008, METALL ITAL, P43
Mapelli C., 2012, P 5 INT C SCI TECHN, P1
Morozov A.O., 2020, CHERN METALL, V63, P782, DOI [10.17073/0368-0797-2020-10-
782-790, DOI 10.17073/0368-0797-2020-10-782-790]
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10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.03.003
Tehovnik F, 2015, METALURGIJA, V54, P371
Zhang LF, 2020, MIN PROC EXT MET-UK, V129, P184, DOI
10.1080/25726641.2020.1738087
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
SN 0036-0295
EI 1555-6255
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 2021
IS 7
BP 864
EP 873
DI 10.1134/S003602952107003X
PG 10
GA UC7GK
UT WOS:000686689800007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wibner, S
Antrekowitsch, H
Meisel, TC
AF Wibner, Stefan
Antrekowitsch, Helmut
Meisel, Thomas C.
TI Studies on the Formation and Processing of Aluminium Dross with
Particular Focus on Special Metals
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE aluminium dross; recycling; rare earths; salt drum furnace
ID RECOVERY
AB In terms of production volume, aluminium is the leading metal in non-ferrous
metallurgy. In particular, the recycling of aluminium-containing residues has
strongly increased in recent years and will continue to gain importance in the
future. Due to the high affinity of aluminium to oxygen, the oxidation of the
molten bath is unavoidable, which leads to the formation of dross on the surface.
This has a high content of metallic aluminium and therefore represents a valuable
residual material that must be further processed. In the presented work, a study is
conducted on the formation and possible further processing of aluminium dross.
Within the scope of this experimental work, the pyrometallurgical treatment of Al-
dross in the salt drum furnace was evaluated on the basis of an experiment in a
TBRC (top blown rotary converter) by adding a salt mixture. In addition, the
behaviour of special metals, in particular the rare earth elements (REEs), was
investigated during such a melting process. This knowledge will be particularly
important in the future, as inadequate scrap processing leads to more of these
partially valuable contaminants entering the aluminium scrap cycle. The result of
the experimental study was that the metal yield of the dross used in the melting
experiment at the Chair of Nonferrous Metallurgy was higher than that achieved by
external reprocessing. Regarding the distribution of the rare earths, there was a
direct transition of these from the dross into the emerging salt slag phase.
C1 [Wibner, Stefan; Antrekowitsch, Helmut] Univ Leoben, Nonferrous Met, A-8700
Leoben, Austria.
[Meisel, Thomas C.] Univ Leoben, Gen & Analyt Chem, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
C3 University of Leoben; University of Leoben
RP Wibner, S (corresponding author), Univ Leoben, Nonferrous Met, A-8700 Leoben,
Austria.
EM stefan.wibner@unileoben.ac.at; helmut.antrekowitsch@unileoben.ac.at;
thomas.meisel@unileoben.ac.at
RI Meisel, Thomas C/B-3637-2009
OI Meisel, Thomas C/0000-0001-5572-3212
FU Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG)
FX This research was funded by The Austrian Research Promotion Agency
(FFG).
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[Anonymous], RARE EARTH ELEMENT R
[Anonymous], RECHERCHE ROHSTOFFGR
[Anonymous], GEOCHEMIE SELTENEN E
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5, DOI 10.1007/S00501-011-0049-5]
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10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.11.026
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008-0360-Y
Rao SR, 2006, WASTE MANAG SER, V7, P1
Schmitz C., 2006, Handbook of Aluminium Recycling
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World Bureau of Metal Statistics, 2019, MET STAT 2009 2019, V107th ed.
Zauner J., 2000, THESIS U LEOBEN LEOB
Zhang LF, 2006, LIGHT MET, P931
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 13
PU MDPI
PI BASEL
EI 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JUL
PY 2021
VL 11
IS 7
AR 1108
DI 10.3390/met11071108
PG 12
Engineering
GA TO8WE
UT WOS:000677183500001
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Kulikov, BP
Bezrukikh, AI
Sidelnikov, SB
Bondarenko, DN
Baranov, VN
Lopatina, ES
Startsev, AA
Stepanenko, NA
Nadolko, AS
AF Kulikov, B. P.
Bezrukikh, A., I
Sidelnikov, S. B.
Bondarenko, D. N.
Baranov, V. N.
Lopatina, E. S.
Startsev, A. A.
Stepanenko, N. A.
Nadolko, A. S.
TI Development of Technology for Obtaining Titanium-Containing Bar Alloy
for Modifying Aluminum Alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE ligature; potassium tetrafluoroborate; titanium sponge; titanium
shavings; titanium aluminide; titanium diboride; alloying additive;
alloying and modifying aluminum; microstructure of ligature;
macrostructure of aluminum; modifying ability; alloying bars; direct
extrolling; high-speed crystallization-deformation
ID B GRAIN REFINER
AB The results of experimental studies on the development of a method for obtaining
titanium-containing bar ligature, the study of its structure and modifying ability
are presented. The distinctive features of the new technology are the use of
titanium sponge and/or titanium shavings as titanium raw materials, the primary
alloying of aluminum with titanium, and then boron, the introduction of titanium in
two stages: initially, 2/3 of the titanium metal raw materials are dissolved in the
aluminum melt, and the remaining amount is introduced after the reduction of
potassium tetrafluoroborate. Pre-impregnation of the titanium sponge with halide-
containing flux and the use of a briquetted mixture of KBF4 + Al-powder are also
provided. The experimental technology for the preparation of the Al-Ti-B melt is
described, the extraction of titanium and boron into the ligature is calculated,
its microstructure is investigated, and the chemical and molecular compositions of
the resulting slags are determined. Deformation treatment for the production of bar
ligature was carried out by the method of direct extrolling which made it possible
to level the defects of the cast structure. It is established that the use of high-
speed crystallization-deformation in the implementation of the combined direct
extrolling process makes it possible to obtain alloying bars of a given diameter at
minimal energy consumption with the required complex of mechanical and operational
properties. A quantitative assessment of the modifying ability of the experimental
cast-iron ligature and the deformed cast-iron rod obtained by the direct extrolling
method was carried out in comparison with the mass-produced cast-iron ligature
produced by KBM Affilips (the Netherlands/Belgium). Based on theoretical and
experimental studies, the composition and technology for producing Al-Ti-B
modifying ligature using titanium sponge and/or shavings and potassium
tetrafluoroborate with a content of 3.0 +/- 0.3% titanium and 1.0 +/- 0.2% boron as
alloying additives have been developed, which meets the requirements for the
composition of aluminum ligatures.
C1 [Kulikov, B. P.; Bezrukikh, A., I; Sidelnikov, S. B.; Baranov, V. N.; Lopatina,
E. S.; Stepanenko, N. A.; Nadolko, A. S.] Siberian Fed Univ SFU, Krasnoyarsk
660025, Russia.
[Startsev, A. A.] RUSAL Engn & Technol Ctr LLC, Krasnoyarsk 660067, Russia.
[Bondarenko, D. N.] JSC Sci & Ind Consultants, Moscow 121351, Russia.
RP Kulikov, BP (corresponding author), Siberian Fed Univ SFU, Krasnoyarsk 660025,
Russia.
EM kulikov-boris@yandex.ru; abezrukikh@sfu-kras.ru; sbs270359@yandex.ru;
dmitriy.bondarenko@npk-consult.com; vnbar79@mail.ru; eslopatina@mail.ru;
aleksey.startsev@rusal.com; stepanenko.n.a@yandex.ru; 9082109068@mail.ru
RI Stepanenko, Nikita/GSM-9612-2022; Baranov, Vladimir N/L-7862-2016;
Stepanenko, Nikita/ABA-6094-2021
OI Stepanenko, Nikita/0000-0002-0078-6360; Baranov,
Vladimir/0000-0003-3086-0194; Sidelnikov, Sergey/0000-0002-5611-2808;
Bezrukikh, Aleksandr/0000-0002-0448-9793
FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
[FSRZ-2020-0013]
FX The research was carried out within the framework of the state
assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the
Russian Federation (scientific theme code FSRZ-2020-0013).
CR Application, GRAIN REF AL ALL OFF
Baranov V.N., 2019, RF Patent, Patent No. 2689460
Casari D, 2013, J MATER SCI, V48, P4365, DOI 10.1007/s10853-013-7252-6
Cheglakov V.V., 2001, LITEINOE PROIZVOD, P20
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университета. Серия: Техника и технологии, Zhurnal Sibirskogo federal'nogo
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2015-8-5-646-654
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SIGWORTH GK, 1984, METALL TRANS A, V15, P277, DOI 10.1007/BF02645112
5093(00)01422-2
Wang X., 2016, Light Metals
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
SN 1067-8212
EI 1934-970X
PD MAY
PY 2021
VL 62
IS 3
BP 265
EP 273
DI 10.3103/S106782122103010X
PG 9
GA TH9WH
UT WOS:000672433000002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, TS
Li, RS
Wang, WL
Dai, SF
Lv, PS
Tian, Y
AF Zhang, Tongsheng
Li, Rensheng
Wang, Wanlin
Dai, Shifan
Lv, Peisheng
Tian, Yan
TI Research on the variation of the inclusion and sulfur content in
Pipeline steel
LA English
DT Article
DE pipeline steel; desulfuration; inclusion; refining slag; kinetic
AB Pipeline steel is widely used in various industries, and the sulfur content and
inclusions in steel have a significant impact on performance, which determines
whether the steel quality is qualified. The experiments were carried out to explore
the sulfur content and inclusion evolution of pipeline steel which was deoxidized
by Si-Mn-Al with "EAF-LF-VD-T-CC". The samples of molten steel and slag were taken
during the process of LF-VD-Tundish after EAF tapping. The kinetics model was
established to simulate the desulfuration process of molten steel in actual
production, obtaining a result which the error is within 3ppm. It can be summarized
that proper calcium treatment can transform the inclusion into a liquid inclusion,
the value of [Ca] ranges from 25 to 45ppm. Too high and lower calcium treatment can
cause the compositions of inclusions to deviate from the liquid phase area, while
too low calcium treatment will increase the overall size and density of the
inclusions. In addition, the evolution of inclusion in steel at refining
temperature and during solidification process was comprehensively calculated,
considering all types of inclusions such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide,
aluminum oxide, calcium sulfide, spinel, calcium aluminate and liquid inclusion.
The thermodynamic calculations are in good agreement with experimental results,
which can predict the formation of the inclusions in Si-Mn-Al deoxidized pipeline
steel.
C1 [Zhang, Tongsheng; Li, Rensheng; Wang, Wanlin; Dai, Shifan; Lv, Peisheng] Cent
South Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Yan] Hengyang Valin Steel Tube Co Ltd, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
RP Wang, WL (corresponding author), Cent South Univ, Sch Met & Environm, Changsha
RI li, rensheng/HSF-2121-2023
OI li, rensheng/0000-0002-2293-3683
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51904346]; Introduce
Talents Research Fund of Central South University
FX The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China
(51904346), the Introduce Talents Research Fund of Central South
University, are great acknowledged.
CR Bigelow L. K., 1975, Metallurgical Transactions B (Process Metallurgy), V6B,
P275, DOI 10.1007/BF02913570
Cicutti C., 2015, 9 INT C CLEAN STEEL
Dekkers R, 2003, STEEL RES INT, V74, P351, DOI 10.1002/srin.200300197
Gorokhov EV, 2013, RUSS METALL, P916, DOI 10.1134/S0036029513120069
Lamut J., 2012, INFLUENCE INCLUSIONS
Liu Y, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P1624, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1288-6
Lv ZA, 2017, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V24, P654, DOI 10.1016/S1006-706X(17)30098-5
Sojka J, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V480, P237, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.07.029
Takahashi A, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P229, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.36.229
0136(95)02002-4
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Yang GW, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P145, DOI 10.1007/s11663-014-0181-1
Yang YD, 2011, J IRON STEEL RES INT, V18, P762
Zhang T, 2018, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V45, P447, DOI 10.1080/03019233.2017.1284420
Zhang TS, 2018, METALL MATER TRANS B, V49, P3534, DOI 10.1007/s11663-018-1410-9
417
2014-691
Zhou MW, 2012, INT J MIN MET MATER, V19, P805, DOI 10.1007/s12613-012-0632-0
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 29
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD MAR 25
PY 2021
VL 118
IS 2
AR 214
DI 10.1051/metal/2021010
PG 12
GA RI2YL
UT WOS:000636774800003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nemavhola, TM
Coetsee, T
Garbers-Craig, AM
AF Nemavhola, T. M.
Coetsee, T.
Garbers-Craig, A. M.
TI Accretion formation on the refractory lining during the melting of
ferrosilicon
SO JOURNAL OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Accretion; build-up; slag; refractory lining
AB Accretions often form in furnaces when slag and charge materials attach to the
refractory wall and build up over time. Accretion formation is usually unwanted
because it reduces the working volume of the reactor and hinders material flow
through the reactor. However, in some instances a thin, stable accretion layer may
be desirable to protect the underlying refractory material. In order to prevent
and/or manage accretion formation, it is important to understand the underlying
principles of this phenomenon in the particular reactor. Excessive accretion
formation hampered production at the Exxaro FerroAlloys ferrosilicon melting and
atomization plant. This plant uses induction furnaces in which a 15% silicon-iron
alloy is produced by batch smelting a mixture of ferrosilicon of 75%Si grade and
low-carbon steel. The molten ferrosilicon alloy is then gas-atomized to a powdered
product for use as a dense medium in mineral processing plants. The objective of
this study was to investigate the effect of different impurity levels in the
ferrosilicon feed material on the extent of accretion formation as well as the
effect on the accretion properties, which influence the ease of accretion removal
upon furnace shut-down. Refractory and accretion samples were collected after a
furnace shut-down and characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron
microscopy?energy dispersive spectroscopy. It was concluded that the trace elements
in the FeSi-75 feed material (Al, Ca, Mn) were mostly responsible for accretion
formation, but that rust on the low-carbon steel and oxidation of the steel
contributed to accretion attachment to the lining. The total contaminant content,
calcium to aluminium ratio in the FeSi-75 feed material, and thereby the liquid to
solids ratio in the accretion at temperature determine the strength of attachment
as well as growth of the accretion.
Accretions often form in furnaces when slag and charge materials attach to the
refractory wall and build up over time. Accretion formation is usually unwanted
because it reduces the working volume of the reactor and hinders material flow
through the reactor. However, in some instances a thin, stable accretion layer may
be desirable to protect the underlying refractory material. In order to prevent
and/or manage accretion formation, it is important to understand the underlying
principles of this phenomenon in the particular reactor.
Excessive accretion formation hampered production at the Exxaro FerroAlloys
ferrosilicon melting and atomization plant. This plant uses induction furnaces in
which a 15% silicon-iron alloy is produced by batch smelting a mixture of
ferrosilicon of 75%Si grade and low-carbon steel. The molten ferrosilicon alloy is
then gas-atomized to a powdered product for use as a dense medium in mineral
processing plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of
different impurity levels in the ferrosilicon feed material on the extent of
accretion formation as well as the effect on the accretion properties, which
influence the ease of accretion removal upon furnace shut-down. Refractory and
accretion samples were collected after a furnace shut-down and characterized using
X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy.
It was concluded that the trace elements in the FeSi-75 feed material (Al, Ca, Mn)
were mostly responsible for accretion formation, but that rust on the low-carbon
steel and oxidation of the steel contributed to accretion attachment to the lining.
The total contaminant content, calcium to aluminium ratio in the FeSi-75 feed
material, and thereby the liquid to solids ratio in the accretion at temperature
determine the strength of attachment as well as growth of the accretion.
C1 [Nemavhola, T. M.; Coetsee, T.; Garbers-Craig, A. M.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Mat
Sci & Met Engn, Pretoria, South Africa.
[Nemavhola, T. M.] Exxaro FerroAlloys, Pretoria West, South Africa.
RP Garbers-Craig, AM (corresponding author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Mat Sci & Met
Engn, Pretoria, South Africa.
EM Andrie.Garbers-Craig@up.ac.za
RI Coetsee, Theresa/AAD-2204-2020
OI Coetsee, Theresa/0000-0003-2028-5755; Nemavhola, Thindothe
Morgan/0000-0001-7352-0734
FU Exxaro Resources
FX Sponsorship from Exxaro Resources and the assistance of Dr Alain Nyembwe
with FactSage 7.3 are gratefully acknowledged.
CHATTERJEE A, 1983, METALL TRANS B, V14, P393, DOI 10.1007/BF02654358
COLLINS B, 1974, J S AFR I MIN METALL, V75, P103
Garbers-Craig A.M., 1996, INTERNAL REPORT
Karakus M., 1989, P INT S APPL MIN MAC, P441
Magwai M.K., 2005, INTERNAL REPORT
Magwai M.K, 2003, INTERNAL REPORT
Muan A., 1965, PHASE EQUILIBRIA OXI
Naro R.L., 2006, CONTROL SLAG INSOLUB
Naro R.L., 2018, EC CONSEQUENCES INSO, P52
Williams D.C., 2007, MECH CONTROL BUILDUP
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU SOUTHERN AFRICAN INST MINING METALLURGY
PI MARSHALLTOWN L
PA 5 HOLLARD ST, 5TH FLOOR, CHAMBER OF MINES BUILDING, PO BOX 61127,
MARSHALLTOWN L 2107, SOUTH AFRICA
SN 2225-6253
EI 2411-9717
J9 J S AFR I MIN METALL
JI J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.
PD FEB
PY 2021
VL 121
IS 2
BP 81
EP 88
DI 10.17159/2411-9717/1140/2021
PG 8
GA RE3WT
UT WOS:000634089400004
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Dyrlaga, L
Kopycinski, D
Guzik, E
AF Dyrlaga, L.
Kopycinski, D.
Guzik, E.
TI Oxide Inclusions in Ductile Cast Iron as Starting Materials for
Production SiMo Iron Castings
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxide inclusions; Slag defects; Industrial ductile cast iron; Structure
AB This paper presents the study about defects found in industrial high silicon
ductile iron. The microstructures were analysed using an optical microscope.
Afterwards, a scanning electron microscope was used to analyse the chemical
composition.The study also examined the origin of oxygen and what is the amount of
oxygen in the cast iron.The amount of active oxygen was measured at two production
processes. Firstly, at the end of melting process, and secondly, after the
nodularization treatment. The research was carried out with different proportions
of the raw materials. The focus was on determining the mechanism of the formation
of slag defects to eliminate them in order to obtain ductile iron with increased
silicon content of the highest possible quality. The research presented in this
publication is a part of an implementation doctorate carried out in the METALPOL
Foundry in Wegierska Gorka (Poland). The presented research concerns the
elaboration of initial parameters of liquid metal intended for processing into
high-silicon ductile cast iron SiMo1000 type with aluminum and chromium additives.
C1 [Dyrlaga, L.; Kopycinski, D.; Guzik, E.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Foundry
Engn, Al Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Dyrlaga, L.] METALPOL Wegierska Gorka, Ul Kolejowa 6, PL-34350 Wegierska Gorka,
Poland.
RP Dyrlaga, L (corresponding author), AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Foundry Engn, Al
Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.; Dyrlaga, L (corresponding author),
METALPOL Wegierska Gorka, Ul Kolejowa 6, PL-34350 Wegierska Gorka, Poland.
EM dyrlaga@agh.edu.pl
RI Kopycinski, Dariusz/U-5394-2018
OI Kopycinski, Dariusz/0000-0003-1651-2740
CR Collective work, 2013, FOUNDR GUID, P138
Guzik E, 2001, ARCHIVE FOUNDRY MONO, V1M
Hampl J., 2010, ARCH FOUNDRY ENG, V10, P55
Kasvayee KA, 2017, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V708, P159, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2017.09.115
Kleiner S, 2010, GIESSEREI, V97, P28
Kopycinski D, 2015, MONOGRAPHY ARCH FOUN
Li D, 2004, SMITHELLS METALS REF, P1, DOI DOI 10.4271/2004-01-0792
Mocek J, 2009, 33 SCI FOUND DAY C K
Muller J, 2001, GIESSEREIFORSCHUNG, V53, P85
Oberg Christian, 2018, Materials Science Forum, V925, P361, DOI
Papis K., 2014, 10 INT S SCI PROC CA
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1897-3310
EI 2299-2944
J9 ARCH FOUNDRY ENG
PY 2021
VL 21
IS 3
BP 43
EP 47
DI 10.24425/afe.2021.138663
PG 5
GA WC5JE
UT WOS:000704292200006
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gulevskiy, VA
Tsurikhin, SN
Gulevskiy, VV
Miroshkin, NY
AF Gulevskiy, V. A.
Tsurikhin, S. N.
Gulevskiy, V. V.
Miroshkin, N. Yu
TI Research of modification influence on cracking resistance of cast iron
in moulds
SO CIS IRON AND STEEL REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE gray cast iron; modification; mould; cast iron mould models; bending;
thermal stress; deformation
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SOLIDIFICATION
AB The research is devoted to determination of influence of grey iron modification
technology; this gray iron is used for manufacture of steel casting moulds.
Difficult operating conditions stipulate strict requirements both on construction
of moulds and on their materials. These moulds materials should reliably withstand
to effect of cast steel with the temperature 1600-1700 degrees C, as well as to
thermal shock which is directly proportional to this temperature, to essential
cyclic thermal stresses and deformations. Peculiar operating conditions of moulds
(such as high heating temperature, mounting on movable and stationary runners,
intensive traffic routes etc.) hamper conduction of the required investigations
directly during their operation. The research was carried out on physical models of
moulds for consumable electrodes of vacuum arc remelting with geometrical
similarity scale 1:10. The following mould models for consumable electrodes, cast
of iron, were tested: modified by ferrosilicon FS65 (according to the GOST 1415-
93), modified by primary aluminium A99 (according to the GOST 11069-2001), modified
by vanadium slag ShVD-1 (according to the technical specification TU 14-11-178-86),
modified by ferrosilicobarium FSB-30 and by silicomishmetal SIMISh-1. These
modifiers were selected owing to their wide use at production facilities.
Thereby, the conducted tests were aimed to examine the features of moulds walls
deformation and stress-strain state on the models of gray and modified cast iron;
they allowed to assess the advantages and disadvantages of obtained structure and
graphite inclusions forms. They will also help to develop the most rational form of
external surface for moulds designed for section and sheet metal, previously
determining destruction features. Application of thinwalled moulds with rational
form can provide substantial decrease of their specific consumption. Examination of
metal quality which was cast in pilot (lightened) moulds with curved external
surface displayed that metal macrostructure for pilot and usual ingots is the same.
C1 [Gulevskiy, V. A.] Volgograd Ind Coll, Volgograd, Russia.
[Tsurikhin, S. N.; Miroshkin, N. Yu] Volgograd State Tech Univ, Dept Machines &
Technol Foundry Prod, Volgograd, Russia.
[Gulevskiy, V. V.] Volgograd State Tech Univ, Dept Theoret Mech, Volgograd,
Russia.
C3 Volgograd State Technical University; Volgograd State Technical
University
RP Gulevskiy, VA (corresponding author), Volgograd Ind Coll, Volgograd, Russia.
EM gulevskiy.v@mail.ru
CR [Anonymous], 141117886 TU
[Anonymous], 110692001 GOST
[Anonymous], 14513681 TU
[Anonymous], 145321 TU
Davydov S. V., 2015, MODIFYING GRAPHITIZE
Davydov S. V., 2015, VESTNIK BRYANSKOGO G, P24
Gabelchenko NI, 2020, CIS IRON STEEL REV, V20, P17, DOI
10.17580/cisisr.2020.02.04
Górny M, 2013, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V22, P300, DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0233-0
Gulevskiy V. A., 2021, CHERNYE METALLY, P23
Kidalov N. A., 2020, CHERNYE METALLY, P23
[Коровин В.А. Korovin V.], 2010, [Черные металлы, Chernye metally], P30
Kostyleva L. V., 1999, LITEYNOE PROIZVODSTV, P9
Kuksa A. V., 1989, CAST IRON STEEL CAST
[Монастырский А.В. Monastyrsky A.V.], 2009, [Литейное производство, Liteinoe
proizvodstvo], P27
O'Grady NP, 2002, CLIN INFECT DIS, V35, P1281, DOI 10.1086/344188
Tadesse A, 2017, INT J CAST METAL RES, V30, P159, DOI
10.1080/13640461.2016.1277851
Theuwissen K, 2016, CARBON, V96, P1120, DOI 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.10.066
Vdovin K.N., 2019, CIS IRON STEEL REV, V17, P30, DOI
[10.17580/cisisr.2019.01.05, DOI 10.17580/CISISR.2019.01.05]
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI MOSCOW
SN 2072-0815
EI 2414-1089
J9 CIS IRON STEEL REV
JI CIS Iron Steel Rev.
PY 2021
VL 22
BP 9
EP 14
DI 10.17580/cisisr.2021.02.02
PG 6
GA YX8YM
UT WOS:000754381500002
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sitko, J
AF Sitko, J.
TI AN ATTEMPT TO USE VARIOUS METALLURGICAL SLAGS IN THE MODIFICATION
PROCESSES OF CASTING ALLOYS
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface modification; metallurgical slags; cobalt aluminate; nickel and
aluminium alloys; free enthalpy; micro-structure
ID MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The paper presents preliminary results of research on the use of certain
smelting slags in the process of modification of casting alloys, leading to a
change in the structure of these alloys and improvement of their mechanical and
operational properties. The positive effect of ground copper slag with a fraction
below 0.1 mm on the effect of modifying the hypoeutectic silumin AlSi7Mg towards
changing the morphology of coarse-grained eutectic to fine-dispersive was
demonstrated. The modifying effect also applies to the pre-eutectic alpha phase and
results in the formation of additional crystallization sites (nucleation process),
which was demonstrated by the thermal ATD solidification analysis, showing an
increase in the temperature Tl q and TEmax. The positive and noticeable influence
of the mixture of copper and steel slag on the surface modifying effect of
fragmentation of the structure was demonstrated in casting nickel superalloy IN-
713C. Based on the results of research conducted so far on the modifying effect of
cobalt aluminate, a hypothetical model of the impact of reduced metallic components
of the applied metallurgical slags on the nucleation process and shaping of the
microstructure of nickel alloys was developed.
C1 [Sitko, J.] Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Prod Engn, 26-28 Roosevelta Str, PL-41800
Zabrze, Poland.
C3 Silesian University of Technology
RP Sitko, J (corresponding author), Silesian Tech Univ, Dept Prod Engn, 26-28
Roosevelta Str, PL-41800 Zabrze, Poland.
EM Jacek.Sitko@polsl.pl
RI Sitko, Jacek/T-2336-2018
OI Sitko, Jacek/0000-0002-7214-2046
CR [Anonymous], 1965, AM PHYS SOC, V10, P1140
[Anonymous], 2007, MONOGRAFIA KGHM POLS
Binczyk F, 2003, KONSTRUKCYJNE STOPY
Binczyk F, 2011, COMPOS THEORY PRACT, V11, P49
Bonderek Z., 1999, KRZEPNIECIE METALI S, P41
Byrdziak H., 2000, KGHM POLSKA MIEDZ SA
Dobrzanski L., 2002, PODSTAWY NAUKI MAT M
Gradon P., 2014, THESIS POLITECHNIKA
Hernas A., 2000, ZAROWYTRZYMALOSC STA
Kargul T, 2009, OPRACOWANIE HYBRYDOW
Konstanciak A., 1999, HUTNIK WIADOMOSCI HU, V12, P572
Krupka D, 2006, 4 INT C ZINC 2006, P197
Krupka D., 2001, RUDY METALE, V46, P461
Krupka D., 2002, POLSKIE SREBRO OSIAG
Liu L, 1998, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V77, P300, DOI 10.1016/S0924-0136(97)00432-9
Pietrowski S., 2001, SILUMINY
Postolek H., 1981, ARCH HUTN, V38, P4
Sitko J., 2019, MONOGRAFIA HABILITAC
Sitko J, 2014, ZESZYTY NAUKOWE POLI, V73, P531
Sitko J., 2016, PA NOVA, V2, P287
Sobczynski P, 1999, ZUZLE HUTNICZE ICH N
Stefanowicz T, 1992, WYDAWNICTWO POLITECH, P167
Szala J, 2011, PROGRAM KOMPUTEROWY
Wei CN, 2003, MATER CHEM PHYS, V80, P89, DOI 10.1016/S0254-0584(02)00316-4
Zielinska M, 2008, ARCH METALL MATER, V53, P887
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI WARSZAWA
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
PY 2021
VL 66
IS 4
BP 1067
EP 1074
DI 10.24425/amm.2021.136426
PG 8
GA YI9LM
UT WOS:000744162500007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Baisanova, AM
Shabanov, YZ
Grigorovich, KV
AF Baisanova, A. M.
Shabanov, Ye Zh
Grigorovich, K., V
TI Calculation of material and heat balance of melting refined ferrochrome
using the new complex reducing agent of aluminosilicochrome
SO KOMPLEKSNOE ISPOLZOVANIE MINERALNOGO SYRA
LA English
DT Article
DE refined ferrochrome; aluminosilicochrome; reductant; ferroalloy;
material balance
AB The article presents the results of calculating the material and thermal
balances of refined ferrochrome (RFeCr) smelting using a new reducing agent.
According to the results of the material balance and enlarged laboratory tests, it
was found that when the traditional reducing agent silicochrome (FeSiCr48) is
completely replaced with a complex alloy of aluminosilicochrome (FeAlSiCr), a metal
of the following chemical composition can be obtained, %: Cr 66.8-69.1; C 0.21-
0.29, Si 1.91-2.02. The composition of FeAlSiCr for silicon and chromium is the
same as that of FeSiCr48, but additionally contains Al. In the process of obtaining
refined ferrochrome, this aluminum passed into slag and changed its phase
composition. In the CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 system, the phase composition of the slag
moved from the region of bicalcium silicate to the region of helenite, which
allowed to obtain non-crumbling slags. In addition, due to the high activity of
FeAlSiCr (where, Sigma = Si + Al >= 60%), the basicity of the slag was maintained
at the level of CaO/SiO2 = 1.6-1.7, against to 2. Based on the results of the heat
balance calculation, it was found that the use of a complex FeAlSiCr reducing agent
leads to a 24% reduction in electricity consumption. The low power consumption
compared to the classical technology is explained by the presence of two active
elements in the FeAlSiCr, silicon and aluminum. Thus, the amount of heat introduced
by exothermic reactions prevails with the heat introduced by electrical energy.
C1 [Baisanova, A. M.] Karaganda State Tech Univ, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Shabanov, Ye Zh] Abishev Chem & Met Inst, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.
[Grigorovich, K., V] Russian Acad Sci, Baikov Inst Met & Mat Sci, Moscow,
Russia.
C3 Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University; Chemical Metallurgical
Institute of Zh.Abishev; Russian Academy of Sciences; Baikov Institute
of Metallurgy & Materials Science (IMET RAS)
RP Shabanov, YZ (corresponding author), Abishev Chem & Met Inst, Karaganda,
Kazakhstan.
EM baisanova.aidana@mail.ru; ye.shabanov@gmail.com; grigorov@imet.ac.ru
RI Shabanov, Yerbol/N-6576-2017
OI Shabanov, Yerbol/0000-0001-6902-1211
CR Akimov E.N., 2012, VESTNIK YUURGU, V39, P122
Akuov A.M., 2008, P INT SCI PRACT C EN, P320
Almagambetov M.C., 2009, THESIS, P138
Belyaev S. V., 2011, KOMPLEKSNOE ISPOLZOV, V6, P33
Edneral F. P., 1956, RASCHETY ELEKTROTERM
Morozov A.N., 1963, STAL, V2, P137
Shabanov Y, 2020, METALURGIJA, V59, P514
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU INST METALLURGY & ORE BENEFICIATION
PI ALMATY CITY
PA SHEVCHENKO STR., 29/133, ALMATY CITY, 050010, KAZAKHSTAN
SN 2224-5243
EI 2616-6445
J9 KOMPLEKS ISPOL MINER
JI Kompleks. Ispol. Miner. Syra
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2020
IS 4
BP 57
EP 62
DI 10.31643/2020/6445.37
PG 6
GA PZ8VF
UT WOS:000613026200007
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Silyakov, SL
Yukhvid, VI
Khomenko, NY
Ignatieva, TI
Sachkova, NV
AF Silyakov, S. L.
Yukhvid, V. I.
Khomenko, N. Yu.
Ignatieva, T. I.
Sachkova, N. V.
TI Synthesis of Casting Composite Materials Based on Tungsten Carbides with
Nickel Binding by the SHS Metallurgy Method
SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
DE SHS metallurgy; combustion; cast composite material; thermite-type
exothermic mixture; complex reducing agent
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; COMBUSTION; MIXTURES
AB The paper experimentally demonstrates the possibility of synthesizing cast W-C-
Ni composite materials (CMs) by SHS metallurgy from highly exothermic mixtures
based on WO3 and NiO oxides and a complex reducing agent consisting of Al, Ca, and
graphite at an elevated gas (nitrogen) pressure. It is shown that by varying the
WO3 and NiO ratio, the initial mixtures of the contents of carbon, aluminum, and
calcium retain the ability to burn in a wide range of values, and the combustion
temperature exceeds the melting temperature of the composite and slag (oxide)
combustion products. Under the action of gravity there is a separation of the melts
of the CM and slag; and with subsequent cooling, the formation of their structure.
This paper studies the laws of combustion of mixtures, gravitational separation of
combustion products, and the formation of their composition and structure.
C1 [Silyakov, S. L.; Yukhvid, V. I.; Khomenko, N. Yu.; Ignatieva, T. I.; Sachkova,
N. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Merzhanov Inst Struct Macrokinet & Problems Mat S,
Chernogolovka, Russia.
C3 Russian Academy of Sciences
RP Silyakov, SL (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Merzhanov Inst Struct
Macrokinet & Problems Mat S, Chernogolovka, Russia.
EM ssl@ism.ac.ru
RI Khomenko, Natalia/AAO-9933-2021; Yukhvid, Vladimir I/A-6902-2014
CR Cheniti B, 2018, MATER CHEM PHYS, V208, P237, DOI
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.01.052
Fernandes CM, 2008, INT J REFRACT MET H, V26, P491, DOI
10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2007.12.001
Gao LX, 2014, CORROS ENG SCI TECHN, V49, P204, DOI
10.1179/1743278213Y.0000000124
Kurlov AS, 2013, SPRINGER SER MATER S, V184, P1, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-00524-9
Laptev A. V., 2003, POROSHKOV METALL, V11-12, P84
Liyanage T, 2012, WEAR, V274, P345, DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2011.10.001
Lu SP, 2002, SURF COAT TECH, V153, P40, DOI 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01555-9
Panov V. S., 2001, TECHNOLOGY PROPERTIE
Sakaki M, 2014, INT J REFRACT MET H, V44, P142, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2014.02.003
Shiryaev A., 1995, International Journal of Self-Propagating High-Temperature
Synthesis, V4, P351
Silyakov SL, 2019, RUSS J PHYS CHEM B+, V13, P96, DOI 10.1134/S1990793119010123
Silyakov SL, 2011, INT J SELF-PROPAG HI, V20, P211, DOI
10.3103/S1061386211030137
Som A. I., 2004, AVTOMAT SVARKA, V10, P49
Taheri-Nassaj E, 2003, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V142, P422, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(03)00621-6
Talakhov F. Ya., 1985, STATE DIAGRAMS REF 1, P125
Tolochin A. I., 2011, POWDER METALL METAL, V5-6, P83
Vorob'eva G. A., 2013, STRUCTURAL STEELS AL
Zhudra A. P., 2014, AVTOMAT SVARKA, V6-7, P66
Zhudra A. P., 2012, AVTOMAT SVARKA, V1, P39
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI NEW YORK
SN 1990-7931
EI 1990-7923
J9 RUSS J PHYS CHEM B+
JI Russ. J. Phys. Chem. B
PD SEP
PY 2020
VL 14
IS 5
BP 847
EP 852
DI 10.1134/S1990793120050115
PG 6
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Physics
GA OV4DS
UT WOS:000592163300019
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Rimmer, A
AF Rimmer, Arron
TI Application of ADI in a crushed coal delivery and filtering system
SO CHINA FOUNDRY
LA English
DT Article
DE austempered ductile iron; austempering; carbidic austempered ductile
iron; 3D printing; TG143; 5; A
AB Up to one million metric tonnes of coal are crushed each year. The crushed coal
continually flows through a pipe delivery system at a rate of up to 60 tonnes per
hour. In a nitrogen rich environment, the delivery system is constantly under
pressure of nearly 9 bar. Filters are used in each pipe delivery system to prevent
incorrectly sized material and 'foreign materials' from entering the blast furnace.
Any incorrect material is held up long enough to be broken-down before becoming
small enough to pass through the filter. In the past, foreign materials simply
blocked the system. The aforementioned environment creates materials' applications
issues. This paper describes how ADI is used to meet these challenging demands in a
crushed coal delivery and filtering system. The work described in this paper has
resulted in a number of new applications using ADI and CADI materials which are now
operating in 'waste to energy incineration' plants, aluminum production plants,
iron sinter and iron slag processing application, such as rotary crusher, cage
crusher, curved door, etc.
C1 [Rimmer, Arron] ADI Treatments Ltd, Doranda Way, West Bromwich B71 4LE, England.
RP Rimmer, A (corresponding author), ADI Treatments Ltd, Doranda Way, West Bromwich
B71 4LE, England.
EM arron.rimmer@aditreatments.com
CR Arron Rimmer, 2006, FOUNDRY TRADE J, V180, P58
John K, 2000, CARBIDIC AUSTEMPERED
Kathy H, 2003, CARBIDIDC AUSTEMPERE
Kathy H, 2005, WEAR PROPERTIES ADI
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER SINGAPORE PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA #04-01 CENCON I, 1 TANNERY RD, SINGAPORE 347719, SINGAPORE
SN 1672-6421
EI 2365-9459
J9 CHINA FOUNDRY
JI China Foundry
PD MAR
PY 2020
VL 17
IS 2
SI SI
BP 178
EP 182
DI 10.1007/s41230-020-9153-z
PG 5
GA LI3CK
UT WOS:000529360400012
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, XM
Li, JY
Yan, FJ
Duan, DP
AF Yang, Xue-min
Li, Jin-yan
Yan, Fang-jia
Duan, Dong-ping
TI Critical assessment of mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary
melts based on atom-molecule coexistence theory
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermodynamic assessment; Fe-Al binary melt; Molar mixing thermodynamic
function; Excess molar mixing thermodynamic function; Activity; Atom and
molecule coexistence theory
ID QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; CAO-BASED SLAGS; CAO-SIO2-MGO-AL2O3 IRONMAKING
SLAGS; REPRESENTATION REACTION ABILITIES; STRUCTURAL UNITS;
IRON-ALUMINUM; LIQUID ALLOYS; ACTIVITY-COEFFICIENTS; PHOSPHORUS
PARTITION; ASSOCIATION MODEL
AB In order to further verify the accuracy and feasibility of the calculated mass
action concentrations Ni of Al and Fe by the developed atom and molecule
coexistence theory (AMCT) model, i.e., AMCT-Ni model, for representing activities a
R;i of Al and Fe in Fe-Al binary melts reported in the first part of the serial
studies, the molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary melts over a
temperature range from 1823 to 1973 K have been calculated based on Ni of Al and Fe
as well as the effect of temperature on activity coefficients c i of Al and Fe as o
ln ci=oT 1/4 o lnoNi=xiTHORN=oT by the developed AMCTNi model, where T is absolute
temperature and xi is the mole fraction of element i or compound i in metallic
melts. The reported molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary melts as
well as the reported excess molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary
melts relative to ideal solution as a basis from the available literatures have
been critically assessed and applied as criteria to verify the developed AMCT-Ni
model. The effect of changing temperature on c i of Al and Fe, i.e., activity
coefficient gradients o ln c Al similar to oT and o ln c Fe similar to oT, which
are two indispensable parameters to calculate the molar mixing thermodynamic
functions of Fe-Al binary melts, can be accurately obtained by the developed AMCT-
Ni model and expressed by the cubic polynomial functions. Not only the partial
molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Al and Fe in Fe-Al binary melts but also
the integral molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary melts can be
accurately calculated by the developed AMCT-Ni model. Furthermore, the excess
partial and integral molar mixing thermodynamic functions of Fe-Al binary melts
relative to ideal solution as a basis can also be precisely calculated by the
developed AMCT-Ni model.
C1 [Yang, Xue-min; Yan, Fang-jia; Duan, Dong-ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc
Engn, CAS Key Lab Green Proc & Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Li, Jin-yan] China Met Ind Planning & Res Inst, Dept Met & Raw Mat, Beijing
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Process Engineering, CAS
RP Yang, XM (corresponding author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, CAS Key Lab
Green Proc & Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
EM yangxm71@ipe.ac.cn
RI Li, Jin/GYQ-5363-2022; Liu, Shuyi/ISB-7338-2023; li,
jinsong/HJH-9559-2023; li, jy/HTT-1535-2023
CR Akinlade O, 2000, J ALLOY COMPD, V299, P163, DOI 10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00682-9
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0229-0
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2
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9
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10.1016/j.intermet.2009.03.014
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[No title captured]
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1006-706X
EI 2210-3988
PD MAR
PY 2020
VL 27
IS 3
BP 266
EP 281
DI 10.1007/s42243-019-00301-2
PG 16
GA KV1YX
UT WOS:000520247200004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Elghazaly, SA
Gyula, KK
Elghazaly, WS
AF Elghazaly, S. A.
Gyula, K. K.
Elghazaly, W. S.
GP IOP
TI Optimizing ladle-refining performance during treating special steel
melts for aviation technology
SO 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED MECHANICS AND MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING (AMME-19)
LA English
CT 19th International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical
Engineering (AMME)
CY JUL 07-09, 2020
CL Mil Tech Coll, Cairo, EGYPT
HO Mil Tech Coll
AB The ever increasing demands of consumers towards superior quality steel products
urged steelmakers to consider the implementation of various relatively new
metallurgical technologies into the classical operations. The necessity to produce
high quality steels led to the use of two stage steel production processes, one is
the primary steelmaking and the other stage is the outside furnace treatment
through which many metallurgical functions can be achieved like degassing, stirring
and inclusion removal, Inclusion modification, desulphurization, deoxidation,
decarburization, heating and alloying. In this research a trial was done to
optimize the performance and usage of 30tons-ladle refining system during
production of X65-pipeline steel as final product-Aluminium killed steel melts
through controlling the mass flow contour using optimized modelling, optimum usage
of Al2O3 and Sulphide modifiers and enhancing removal of non-metallic inclusions by
altering their morphologies and hence floatation speed. Assessment of fine clusters
of inclusions in the final steel product has been industrially correlated to the
cleanness of melt before refining, to the slag composition and to the parameters of
materials flow rates as well as their effects on the mechanical properties of final
X65-steel product. Scanning-EM+DX analyzing unit and metallurgical microscopes were
used to emphasis qualitatively and quantitatively the characters of non-metallic
inclusions.
C1 [Elghazaly, S. A.; Elghazaly, W. S.] Cent Met R&D Inst, Steel Dept, POB 87,
Cairo, Egypt.
[Gyula, K. K.] Univ Miskolc, Inst Met, H-35015 Miskolc, Hungary.
RP Elghazaly, SA (corresponding author), Cent Met R&D Inst, Steel Dept, POB 87,
Cairo, Egypt.
EM saiedelghazaly@yahoo.com
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Krishnadev MR, 2009, J ENG MAT TECHNOLOGY, V103
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10.1007/S41230-017]
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Park J.H, 2010, ISIJ INT, V13, P33
Zhang L, 2005, 4 INT C CFD OIL GAS, P1
Zhang L, 2002, PAEVALUATION CONTR S, P431
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2020
VL 973
AR 012049
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/973/1/012049
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BR4CW
UT WOS:000651072300049
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sheybani, K
Paydar, MH
Shariat, MH
Setoudeh, N
AF Sheybani, K.
Paydar, M. H.
Shariat, M. H.
Setoudeh, N.
TI AN INVESTIGATION ON ALUMINOTHERMIC REDUCTION OF MoO3 IN
DOMESTIC MICROWAVE OVEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Molybdenite; Molybdenum oxide; Aluminothennic reduction; Slag;
Intermediate phase
ID CARBOTHERMIC REDUCTION; HYDROGEN REDUCTION
AB In the present study, feasibility of aluminothermic reduction of molybdenum
oxide by microwave oven was studied. Furthermore, the effect of compaction pressure
and the amount of used Al and CaO as flux on aluminothermic reduction of molybdenum
oxide were investigated. Thermodynamic analysis of the corresponding reaction
indicated that, aluminothermic reduction of MoO3 was possible at all temperatures.
HO patterns and thermodynamic investigation of reaction products indicated that
aluminothermic reduction of molybdenum oxide progressed through the formation of
intermediate phases such as Al, (MoO)(3) and MoO2 where the final products were
elemental Mo and Al2O3, Results revealed that by increasing the compaction pressure
of the pellet, undesired phases of molybdenum dioxide (MoO) and aluminum molybdate
Al-2(MoO4)3 can be detected among the final products. By increasing the amount of
Al more than stoichiometric ratio, the intermediate phases, such as MoO2, were
produced. The results indicated that by adding CaO to the MoO3-Al system, the
unwanted molybdenum dioxide (MOO) and aluminum molybdate (Al-2(MoO4)3) compounds
were successfully reduced to Mo. In the present work, metallic molybdenum could
easily and successfully be separated from Al2O3, slag, as the side product of the
reaction, in molten phase, based on the difference in their densities.
C1 [Sheybani, K.; Paydar, M. H.; Shariat, M. H.] Shiraz Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Shiraz, Iran.
[Setoudeh, N.] Univ Yasuj, Mat Engn Dept, Yasuj, Iran.
C3 Shiraz University; Yasouj University
RP Paydar, MH (corresponding author), Shiraz Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Shiraz, Iran.
EM paaydar@shirazu.ac.ir
FU Shiraz University
FX This research was supported by Shiraz University that are greatly
acknowledged.
CR Afsahi MM, 2008, THERMOCHIM ACTA, V473, P61, DOI 10.1016/j.tca.2008.04.009
[Anonymous], 1992, Extractive Metallurgy of Molybdenum
Aydinyan SV, 2010, MATER SCI ENG B-ADV, V172, P267, DOI
10.1016/j.mseb.2010.05.028
Bakhshandeh S, 2018, J MIN METALL B, V54, P313, DOI 10.2298/JMMB180323022B
Dang J, 2013, INT J REFRACT MET H, V41, P216, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.04.002
Davtyan D, 2010, INT J REFRACT MET H, V28, P601, DOI
10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2010.05.005
Doweidar H, 2017, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V471, P344, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.06.017
German R-M, 1985, LIQUID PHASE SINETER
Golmakani MH, 2018, J MIN METALL B, V54, P233, DOI 10.2298/JMMB180316011G
Hoseinpur A, 2015, INT J REFRACT MET H, V50, P191, DOI
10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.01.012
Hu B, 2017, J MIN METALL B, V53, P95, DOI 10.2298/JMMB161110005H
Ko S.K., 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V27, P315
Manukyan K, 2012, INT J REFRACT MET H, V31, P28, DOI
10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2011.09.001
Mehra O.K., 1992, METALL T, V4, P691
Padhan AM, 2016, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V418, P253, DOI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.01.057
Roine A., 2002, OUTOKUMPU HSC CHEM S, V5.1
Schulmeyer WV, 2002, INT J REFRACT MET H, V20, P261, DOI 10.1016/S0263-
4368(02)00029-X
Sheybani K., T INDIAN I MET, V73, P2875
Sokol'skii VE, 2018, J MIN METALL B, V54, P133, DOI 10.2298/JMMB170908001S
Sun GD, 2018, J PHYS CHEM C, V122, P10231, DOI 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b01236
Wang Y, 2015, J MIN METALL B, V51, P17, DOI 10.2298/JMMB140625024W
Wilkomirsky I, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS B, V41, P63, DOI 10.1007/s11663-009-
9313-4
Yonglin J., 2017, METALL MATER TRANS B, V16, P213
Yoshitak K., 2007, METALL MATER TRANS B, V127, P271
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI BOR
SN 1450-5339
EI 2217-7175
J9 J MIN METALL B
PY 2020
VL 56
IS 3
BP 361
EP 369
DI 10.2298/JMMB190312025S
PG 9
GA PM1PA
UT WOS:000603579100008
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Suprapto, S
Ni'mah, YL
Ulfin, I
Harmami, H
Kurniawan, F
Sugiarso, D
Juwono, H
Hidayatulloh, KC
Septiandini, G
AF Suprapto, Suprapto
Ni'mah, Yatim Lailun
Ulfin, Ita
Harmami, Harmami
Kurniawan, Fredy
Sugiarso, Djarot
Juwono, Hendro
Hidayatulloh, Kiki Cahayati
Septiandini, Gayu
BE Fatimah, I
Muhaimin
Musawwa, MM
TI Optimization of Aluminum Recovery from Aluminum Smelting Waste Using the
Surface Response Methodology
SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CHEMICAL EDUCATION: TRENDS, APPLICATIONS,
CHANGES IN CHEMICAL EDUCATION FOR THE 4.0 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
CT 3rd International Seminar on Chemical Education (ISCE) - Trends,
Applications, Changes in Chemical Education for the 4.0 Industrial
Revolution
CY SEP 17, 2019
CL Yogyakarta, INDONESIA
ID COAL FLY-ASH; SLUDGE CHARACTERISTICS; EXTRACTION
AB The aluminum smelting process produces a large number of by-products, known as
slags that can be reused for landfill or dumped into landfills. Smelting waste
contains aluminum in the form of alumina at high concentration (around 30%). Direct
disposal of this waste into the environment can cause environmental pollution.
Aluminum in the waste can react with water and produce corrosion products.
Therefore, this study explores the potential for recovering aluminum from smelting
waste using an acid leaching process. The efficiency evaluation of aluminum
recovery was carried out by optimizing using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
with Box-Behnken Design. Optimization results show that aluminum recovery increases
with increasing temperature and heating time. The acid concentration and the ratio
of solid to liquid showed an initial increase followed by a reduction in recovery
with an increase in concentration and a solid-liquid ratio. RSM predicts that
aluminum recovery can reach optimum when heated at 50 degrees C for 6 hours and 1.5
ratio of solid/liquid using 2 M acid concentration.
C1 [Suprapto, Suprapto; Ni'mah, Yatim Lailun; Ulfin, Ita; Harmami, Harmami;
Kurniawan, Fredy; Sugiarso, Djarot; Juwono, Hendro; Hidayatulloh, Kiki Cahayati;
Septiandini, Gayu] Inst Teknol Sepuluh Nopember, Dept Chem, Surabaya, Indonesia.
C3 Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
RP Suprapto, S (corresponding author), Inst Teknol Sepuluh Nopember, Dept Chem,
Surabaya, Indonesia.
EM suprapto@chem.its.ac.id
RI suprapto, Suprapto/AAE-7938-2022
OI suprapto, Suprapto/0000-0002-1490-0726
CR Chappex T, 2013, J AM CERAM SOC, V96, P592, DOI 10.1111/jace.12098
Chen YJ, 2012, ENVIRON TECHNOL, V33, P2525, DOI 10.1080/09593330.2012.679696
Guo YX, 2017, HYDROMETALLURGY, V169, P418, DOI 10.1016/j.hydromet.2017.02.021
Jung KW, 2016, J ENVIRON MANAGE, V181, P425, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.041
Li JP, 2011, APPL MECH MATER, V71-78, P688, DOI
Nair AT, 2017, J MATER CYCLES WASTE, V19, P1228, DOI 10.1007/s10163-016-0513-0
Taggart RK, 2018, INT J COAL GEOL, V196, P106, DOI 10.1016/j.coal.2018.06.021
Tripathy AK, 2019, MINER ENG, V137, P181, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2019.04.009
Tripathy AK, 2019, MINER ENG, V131, P140, DOI 10.1016/j.mineng.2018.10.019
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1988-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2020
VL 2229
AR 030013
DI 10.1063/5.0002649
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research
GA BR8NH
UT WOS:000672639100017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Ermakova, VP
Smirnova, VG
Nekrasov, IV
Sheshukov, OY
Marshuk, LA
Gulyakov, VS
AF Ermakova, V. P.
Smirnova, V. G.
Nekrasov, I., V
Sheshukov, O. Yu
Marshuk, L. A.
Gulyakov, V. S.
TI Relation Between the Microstructure of Cold Resistant Steel 20GL and
Some Parameters of the Melting Process
SO METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE cold-resistant steel; microstructure; grain size; nonmetallic phase;
impact toughness at negative temperature (KCV-60); parameters of melting
in open-hearth furnace
AB The microstructure, impact toughness and melting parameters of cold-resistant
steel 20GL are studied. The impact toughness of the steel at negative temperature
(KCV-60) is shown to be affected the most by the size of the primary (natural)
grains of the metal. The size of the natural grains is shown to be dependent on the
content of oxygen and (to a less degree) of silicon. Introduction of an elevated
amount of slag-forming materials and aluminum into liquid metal provides the
required (at most 0.005-0.008 wt.%) content of oxygen and an impact toughness (KCV-
60) no less than 0.167 MJ/m(2). Influence of the nonmetallic inclusions, of the
size of actual grains, and of the content of pearlitic phase on KCV-60 in
normalized steel has not been detected or was not obvious.
C1 [Ermakova, V. P.; Smirnova, V. G.; Nekrasov, I., V; Sheshukov, O. Yu; Marshuk,
L. A.; Gulyakov, V. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch, Ekaterinburg,
Russia.
[Sheshukov, O. Yu] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
C3 Institute of Metallurgy UB RAS; Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural
Federal University
RP Ermakova, VP (corresponding author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met, Ural Branch,
EM metallography@mail.ru
OI Marshuk, Larisa/0000-0002-1031-4770
CR [Anonymous], 2005, PHYS MET HEAT TREATM, V2
[Anonymous], 2004, ENG MAT PROCESSES
[Anonymous], 1972, MET IR, VII
Dahl V, 1966, CHERN METALLY, V13, P17
Filippenkov AA, 2008, STEEL CASTINGS
Gulyaev A. P., 1975, PURE STEEL
Gulyaev AP, 1977, SCI METALS
Il'inskii VA, 2010, IZV VOLGGTU, V4, P154
Il'inskii VA, 1995, METALLOVED TERM OBRA, V5, P2
Karpova EY, 1998, METALLOVED TERM OBRA, V1, P20
Knuppel H, 1973, DEOXIDATION VACUUM 1
Lunev V. V., 1988, SULFUR PHOSPHORUS ST
Malinochka Ya. N., 1988, SULFIDES STEELS CAST
Odesskii P. D., 1999, LOW CARBON STEELS ME
Saltykov SA., 1970, STEREOMETRIC METALLO
Shul'te YA, 1964, NONMETALLIC INCLUSIO
Yavoiskii V. I., 1983, METALLURGY STEEL
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0673
EI 1573-8973
J9 MET SCI HEAT TREAT+
JI Met. Sci. Heat Treat.
PD NOV
PY 2019
VL 61
IS 7-8
BP 397
EP 404
DI 10.1007/s11041-019-00436-9
EA DEC 2019
PG 8
GA NM2QC
UT WOS:000500320400002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WL
Xue, LW
Zhang, TS
Zhou, LJ
Huang, DY
Tian, WG
Xu, JL
AF Wang, Wanlin
Xue, Liwen
Zhang, Tongsheng
Zhou, Lejun
Huang, Daoyuan
Tian, Weiguang
Xu, Jialin
TI Thermodynamics and transient behavior of the inclusion in Si deoxidized
stainless steel for high-grade plate
LA English
DT Article
DE inclusion; Si-deoxidized stainless steel; thermodynamic
ID SPINEL INCLUSIONS; SOLIDIFICATION; DEOXIDATION; SLAG
AB The experiments were carried out to determine the transient behavior of the
inclusion in Si-deoxidized stainless steel for high-grade plate. The samples were
taken from three heats of the steel during the whole production process from the
AOD to the mold, which were subsequently examined by an automatic scanning electron
microscope with field energy dispersive spectrometer (FE-SEM&EDS). It can be
summarized that appropriate calcium treatment intensity could modify inclusions
into liquid ones. Excessive calcium treatment above ([Ca] - 25 ppm) will increase
the melting point of the inclusions, which cannot keep in the liquid region at the
solidification temperature. Therefore, the calcium addition in Si-deoxidized
stainless steels should be controlled to a relatively lower value ([Ca] - 10 ppm).
In addition, the content of aluminum in steel also has an important influence on
the control of inclusion. When the content of aluminum ([Al] - 0.012%) is too high,
the inclusions in steel are difficult to be controlled within the liquid phase. The
chemical evolution of the inclusions in steel at high temperature and during
solidification process were comprehensively calculated, considering all types of
inclusions such as calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, calcium aluminate,
calcium silicate, mullite, and liquid inclusion. The thermodynamic calculations are
in good agreement with experimental results, which can predict the formation of the
inclusions in Si-deoxidized stainless steels.
C1 [Wang, Wanlin; Xue, Liwen; Zhang, Tongsheng; Zhou, Lejun; Huang, Daoyuan] Cent S
Univ, Sch Met & Environm, 932 South Lushan Rd, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
[Wang, Wanlin; Xue, Liwen; Zhang, Tongsheng; Zhou, Lejun; Huang, Daoyuan] Cent S
Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res Clean Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Weiguang; Xu, Jialin] Guangdong Guangqing Met Technol Co Ltd, Yangjiang
RP Zhang, TS (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Met & Environm, 932 South
Lushan Rd, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.; Zhang, TS (corresponding
author), Cent S Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res Clean Met, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R
China.
EM tongsheng.zhang@csu.edu.cn
RI zhou, lejun/HJZ-1171-2023; Xu, Jiawen/JEF-5028-2023; xu,
jia/GSD-6347-2022
OI Zhou, Lejun/0000-0003-3127-6942
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1760202]; Guangdong
Guangqing Metal Technology Co., Ltd
FX The authors wish to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (U1760202) and Guangdong Guangqing Metal Technology Co., Ltd for
the financial support.
Ericsson OT, 2011, STEEL RES INT, V82, P222, DOI 10.1002/srin.201000136
Inada S., 2004, 182 183 NISH MEM SEM, P227
Matsuno H, 2002, TETSU TO HAGANE, V88, P48
417
2014-691
Zhang Z, 2010, ISIJ INT, V50, P1746, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.50.1746
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 15
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
FRANCE
SN 2271-3646
EI 2271-3654
PD SEP 6
PY 2019
VL 116
IS 6
AR 612
DI 10.1051/metal/2019042
PG 11
GA IX8OS
UT WOS:000485947700001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Cao, PM
You, JL
Zhou, CD
Lu, LM
Wang, J
Wang, M
Ding, YN
Xu, YD
AF Cao Peiming
You Jinglin
Zhou Candong
Lu Liming
Wang Jian
Wang Min
Ding Yani
Xu Yandong
TI In-situ Studies of Microstructure of
CaF2-Al2O3-MgO Electroslag by Raman
Spectroscopy and 27Al MAS NMR
SO CHEMICAL JOURNAL OF CHINESE UNIVERSITIES-CHINESE
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE CaF2-Al2O3-MgO electroslag remelting slag; In-situ Raman spectroscopy;
Al-27 MAS NMR; Density fuctional theory (DFT); Al coordination
ID MGAL2O4 SPINEL; GLASSES; CRYSTALS
AB The microstructure and Al coordination of crystalline, glassy and molten states
of CaF2-Al2O3-MgPO electroslag remelting slag were investigated by in-situ Raman
spectroscopy and Al-27 magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR).
X-Ray diffraction was used to analyze phase of the crystal sample. Raman
vibrational wavenumber and scattering activity of S-6530 crystal and melt were
calculated based on density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio quantum chemical
studies, respectively, and the major vibrational modes were assigned. The results
showed that six-fold coordinated aluminum mainly exists in the S-6530 crystal,
supplemented by a small amount of four or five-fold coordinated aluminum. During
the heating process, the A1-0 polyhedron of MgAl2O4 phase is transformed from
[AlO6] to [AlO4] or [AlO5]. Al is present predominantly in [AlO4] tetrahedron in
both S-6530 glass and melt, the proportion of [AlO4] is as high as 71. 1%, compared
with its crystalline state, the proportion of [AlO5] also increases to 28. 6%.
Based on quantum chemistry ab-initio calculation of the constructed molten cluster
models, the [AlO4] configuration tends to be layered and frame structure dominated
by Q3 and Q4 connections, and [AlO5] configuration remains isolated.
C1 [Cao Peiming; You Jinglin; Wang Jian; Wang Min; Ding Yani; Xu Yandong] Shanghai
Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key Lab Adv Ferromet, State Key Lab Adv Special
Steel, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China.
[Zhou Candong] Cent Res Inst Baosteel, Shanghai 200940, Peoples R China.
[Lu Liming] CSIRO Mineral Resources, Pullenvale, Qld 4069, Australia.
C3 Shanghai University; China Baowu Steel Group; Commonwealth Scientific &
Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
RP You, JL (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key
Lab Adv Ferromet, State Key Lab Adv Special Steel, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R
China.
EM jlyou@staff.shu.edu.cn
RI Lu, Liming/A-1131-2014
OI Lu, Liming/0000-0002-5327-1440
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [21773152]; Shanghai
Committee of Science and Technology Fund, China [12520709200]; National
"111" Project (Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to
Universities) of China [D17002]; Open Project of State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, China [SKLASS2015.01,
SKLASS2017.02]; Special Fund Project of Shanghai Municipality for
Science and Technology Development, China [YDZX20173100001316]
FX Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China(No.21773152), the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology
Fund, China(No. 12520709200), the National "111" Project (the Programme
of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities) of China
(No.D17002), the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced
Special Steel, Shanghai University, China (Nos. SKLASS2015.01,
SKLASS2017.02) and the Special Fund Project of Shanghai Municipality for
Science and Technology Development, China (No.YDZX20173100001316).
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[范庆新 FAN Qingxin], 2007, [硅酸盐通报, Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society],
V26, P905
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GOBBI GC, 1985, CHEM LETT, P771, DOI 10.1246/cl.1985.771
HAMANN DR, 1979, PHYS REV LETT, V43, P1494, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.43.1494
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Milman V, 2010, J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM, V954, P22, DOI
10.1016/j.theochem.2009.12.040
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Perdew JP, 1997, PHYS REV LETT, V78, P1396, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.3865
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10.1107/S0567740873004942
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Yu QJ, 1997, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V27, P1439
Zhang G. Y., 1993, J BUILDING MAT, P78
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 19
PU HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA CHAOYANG DIST, 4, HUIXINDONGJIE, FUSHENG BLDG, BEIJING 100029, PEOPLES R
CHINA
SN 0251-0790
J9 CHEM J CHINESE U
JI Chem. J. Chin. Univ.-Chin.
PD JUN 10
PY 2019
VL 40
IS 6
BP 1242
EP 1248
DI 10.7503/cjcu20180795
PG 7
SC Chemistry
GA JD3WF
UT WOS:000489907700020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bozheskov, AN
Toptygin, AM
Longinov, AM
Tinyakov, VV
AF Bozheskov, A. N.
Toptygin, A. M.
Longinov, A. M.
Tinyakov, V. V.
TI Development of Manufacturing Technology for High-Sulfur Steel with a
High Aluminum Content in the Volga Pipe Plant Electric-Melting Workshop
SO METALLURGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE submerged nozzle; steel continuous casting; steel extra-furnace
treatment; steel with a high sulfur and aluminum content; nonmetallic
inclusions; calcium sulfide; slag-forming mixture; assimilation
AB Continuous casting of steel with a high sulfur content is difficult due to
clogging of the submerged nozzle. Physicochemical calculations and studies of a
submerged nozzle inner cavity showed that clogging occurs due to formation of
calcium sulfide and a low slag assimilation capacity. With serial melting of steel
there is entry of slag into the tundish. Development of a slag forming mixture with
whose application in the steel-pouring ladle there is formation of slag of this
composition, which enters the tundish without worsening slag assimilation
properties. Use of this development makes it possible to reduce submerged nozzle
clogging and recycling of melts considerably due to stopping casting.
C1 [Bozheskov, A. N.] AO Volga Pipe Plant, Volzhskii, Volgograd Regio, Russia.
[Toptygin, A. M.; Longinov, A. M.; Tinyakov, V. V.] IP Bardin TsNIIChermet,
Moscow, Russia.
RP Bozheskov, AN (corresponding author), AO Volga Pipe Plant, Volzhskii, Volgograd
Regio, Russia.
EM BozheskovAN@vtz.ru; liv@corad.ru; Longinov@corad.ru; tvv@corad.ru
CR Aksel'rod L. M., 2007, THESIS
Awadzia Yu., 2012, TETSU TO HAGANE, V98
Damen W. F. M., 1999, NOVOSTI CHERN MET 2, P71
GORBOVSKII SA, 2003, STAL, P16
Grigoryan V. A., 1979, THEORETICAL BASES ST
Kulikov I. S., 1985, SLAG ATLAS
Ren Yi., 2014, 8 EUR CONT CAST C JU
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0026-0894
EI 1573-8892
J9 METALLURGIST+
JI Metallurgist
PD MAY
PY 2019
VL 63
IS 1-2
BP 149
EP 155
DI 10.1007/s11015-019-00804-z
PG 7
GA IF7FN
UT WOS:000473247000017
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nikitin, KV
Sokolov, AV
Nikitin, VI
D'yachkov, VN
AF Nikitin, K. V.
Sokolov, A. V.
Nikitin, V. I.
D'yachkov, V. N.
TI Application of Recycling Products of Aluminum Slags in Investment
Casting Technology
LA English
DT Article
DE recycling; aluminum slags; investment casting; secondary refractory
dusting material; refractory ceramic mold
ID SALT CAKE
AB Based on studies of fractional, chemical, and phase compositions of Al-
containing slags of different origin, it is established that they are
multicomponent systems consisting of metal and nonmetal parts. The nonmetal part
includes water-soluble and water-insoluble compounds. A practical flowsheet of
recycling of Al-containing slags is proposed with the purpose of its further use as
the secondary refractory dusting material (SRDM). The positive effect of the SRDM
on the quality of refractory ceramic molds for investment casting and the surface
finish of aluminum pilot castings is established. Its use promotes a ninefold
increase in strength of refractory ceramic molds when compared with the quartz sand
mold and an increase in gas permeability by 15 and 33% when compared with molds
made of fused alumina and quartz sand, respectively. The formation of refractory
ceramic mold formed based on the SRDM is investigated. The interaction mechanism of
the dusting material particles with the suspension is substantiated from the
viewpoint of colloidal chemistry. When forming the layers of the ceramic mold using
the SRDM, negatively charged aluminum hydroxide micelles are formed. The
interaction of oppositely charged Al(OH)(3) and SiO2 micelles promotes the close
engagement of the secondary refractory dusting material particles to each other.
The theoretical substantiation of the formation of the ceramic mold layers with the
application of the SRDM makes it possible to explain the decrease in the roughness
characteristics on the surface of AK9ch alloy castings for the investment casting
by a factor of 3.7 when compared with standard production processes.
C1 [Nikitin, K. V.; Sokolov, A. V.; Nikitin, V. I.; D'yachkov, V. N.] Samara State
Tech Univ, Samara 443100, Russia.
C3 Samara State Technical University
RP Nikitin, KV (corresponding author), Samara State Tech Univ, Samara 443100,
Russia.
EM kvn-6411@mail.ru; sokolow86@mail.ru; tlp@samgtu.ru; dyachkow@list.ru
RI Nikitin, Vasiliy/N-6596-2016
OI Nikitin, Vasiliy/0000-0002-1332-2485
FX This study was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the
Russian Federation from funds assigned to the developmental program of
Samara State Technical University as the support higher school.
CR Ajler R., 1982, KHIMIYA KREMNEZEMA 1
Andrews A., 2012, J MINER MAT CHAR ENG, V11, P183
[Anonymous], 2015, P 11 INT MOD C VERS
[Anonymous], 2004, VII International Conference on Molten Slags and Salts
Bajare D, 2010, MODERN BUILDING MATERIALS, STRUCTURES AND TECHNIQUES, 10TH
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2010, VOL I, P13
Beno J, 2015, MATER TEHNOL, V49, P619
Brykov A.S., 2011, KHIMIYA SILIKATNYKH
Chukin G. D., 2008, KHIMIYA POVERKHNOSTI
Fridrihsberg D. A., 1995, KURS KOLLOIDNOI KHIM
Galindo R., 2015, J MINERALS MAT CHARA, V3, P55, DOI [10.4236/jmmce.2015.32008,
DOI 10.4236/JMMCE.2015.32008]
Gaustad G, 2012, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V58, P79, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.10.010
Ghorab HY, 2004, POLYM-PLAST TECHNOL, V43, P1663, DOI 10.1081/PTT-200040005
ILER RK, 1989, CHEM SILICA
Kulish VV, 2011, J NANO ELECTRON PHYS, V3, P100
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.124
Lucheva B., 2005, J U CHEM TECHNOLOGY, V40, P335
Makarov G. S., 2007, TECHNOL LEGK SPLAVOV, P81
Murthy IN, 2017, J SUSTAIN METALL, V3, P495, DOI 10.1007/s40831-016-0111-3
Podbolotov KB, 2017, REFRACT IND CERAM+, V57, P484, DOI 10.1007/s11148-017-0009-
z
Ryazanov S. A, 2010, LITEISHCHIK ROSSII, P43
10.3103/S1067821215030189
Yuvaraj M.T., 2015, IOSR J ENV SCI TOXIC, V9, P16
[No title captured]
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PI MOSCOW
SN 1067-8212
EI 1934-970X
PD JAN
PY 2019
VL 60
IS 1
BP 41
EP 51
DI 10.3103/S1067821219010103
PG 11
GA HZ6VY
UT WOS:000468991800006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Shafigullin, LN
Yusupova, AA
Medvedeva, GA
AF Shafigullin, Lenar N.
Yusupova, Alsu A.
Medvedeva, Galina A.
TI Influence of Aluminum Coating Technology on Industrial Waste Management
SO HELIX
LA English
DT Article
DE Composite Materials; Sulfur; Ash and Slag Waste; Aluminum Chloride;
Electrophilic Agent
AB The work is devoted to the urgent issues of processing of sulfur-containing and
ash-and-slag waste of industrial enterprises. The process flow scheme for obtaining
of protective coatings on cement concrete, by impregnation in sulfur melt with high
strength, performance properties, and resistance to aggressive environments, was
developed. The technological parameters of the process were determined. The
addition of ash and slag to the cement concrete allows not only to utilize the
waste of heat power industry, but also to increase the strength of the material.
Moreover, the applied technology of impregnation provides low thermal conductivity
of concrete, and good thermal-insulation characteristics of the material. The
increase in strength of samples, containing ash and slag waste, is due to the high
dispersion and active surface of ash and slag. The influence of aluminum chloride,
an electrophilic agent, on the properties of sulfur binder, was considered. It was
shown, that the introduction of aluminum chloride contributed to a more effective
protective coating, which provided the samples of cement concrete with high
strength, density, and water resistance. The use of an electrophilic agent made it
possible to intensify the process of obtaining of inorganic sulfides and composite
materials, based on them. It was found, that the application of an electrophilic
additive - aluminum chloride - significantly reduced the viscosity of sulfur melt,
that was due to the formation of short-chain sulfur radicals. Such a sulfur melt
has a fairly high penetrating ability, that provides the formation of a high-
quality protective coating.
C1 [Shafigullin, Lenar N.] Kazan Fed Univ, Kazan, Russia.
[Yusupova, Alsu A.] Kazan Natl Res Technol Univ, Kazan, Russia.
[Medvedeva, Galina A.] Kazan State Univ Architecture & Engn, Kazan, Russia.
C3 Kazan Federal University; Kazan National Research Technological
University; Kazan State University of Architecture & Engineering
RP Shafigullin, LN (corresponding author), Kazan Fed Univ, Kazan, Russia.
EM misharin_82@mail.ru; alsu16rus@yandex.ru; medvedevaga79@mail.ru
RI Yusupova, Alsu/AAG-4034-2019
FU Kazan Federal University
FX The work is performed according to the Russian Government Program of
Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University. This work was supported
by the research grant of Kazan Federal University.
CR Aleksandrova TN, 2017, J ECOL ENG, V18, P15, DOI 10.12911/22998993/74363
Ismagilov F.R., 2017, SULFUR SULFURIC ACID, P28
Ivanov I.A, 1986, LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE
Khasanov R.R, 2003, THESIS
Korolev E.V, 2001, SULFUR COMPOSITE MAT
Menshov PV, 2014, PROCEDIA CHEM, V10, P184, DOI 10.1016/j.proche.2014.10.032
Mohamed AMO, 2007, ENVIRON GEOL, V53, P159, DOI 10.1007/s00254-006-0631-4
Putilin E.I, 2003, REV DOMESTIC FOREIGN
Yusupova A. A., 2017, Solid State Phenomena, V265, P33, DOI
10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.265.33
Yusupova A. A., 2016, INT J APPL ENG RES, V11, P3057
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOAXIS DNA RESEARCH CENTRE PRIVATE LIMITED
PI HYDERBAD
PA 13-51, SRI LAKSHMI NAGAR COLONY, BESIDES BLG BAZAR, NEAR KAMINENI
HOSPITALS, GSI POST BANDAGUDA, HYDERBAD, 500068, INDIA
SN 2277-3495
EI 2319-5592
J9 HELIX
JI Helix
PY 2019
VL 9
IS 5
BP 5442
EP 5447
DI 10.29042/2019-5442-5447
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA JJ1HU
UT WOS:000493912400033
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Sooksaen, P
Puathawee, P
AF Sooksaen, Pat
Puathawee, Pathompong
TI Fabrication of Porous Ceramics from Non-metallic Residue Obtained from
Aluminum Recycling Plant
SO CHIANG MAI JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE non-metallic residue; sintering; mullite; microstructure; compressive
strength
ID MULLITE FORMATION; FOAMS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PORCELAIN; BEHAVIOR; WASTE;
SLAGS
AB This study utilized non-metallic residue by-product obtained at aluminum ingot
melting plant as the main component in the fabrication of open-cell porous
ceramics. The amount which could be utilized varied in the range 34-52 wt%. Alpha-
alumina, alpha-Al2O3 was the main crystalline phase present in all sintered porous
ceramic samples. Mullite, Al6Si2O13 was present as a major second phase. The
increase in compressive strength in this study mainly came from thicker solid
struts in the sample skeleton. Sample containing 46 wt% non-metallic residue,
sintered at 1200 degrees C for 4 hours, gave overall excellent mechanical
strengths. All the synthesized samples were free from toxic ions and they can be
applied for various applications such as ceramic filters and catalysts.
C1 [Sooksaen, Pat] Silpakorn Univ, Fac Engn & Ind Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Amphoe Muang 73000, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
[Sooksaen, Pat] Chulalongkorn Univ, Ctr Excellence Petr Petrochem & Adv Mat,
Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
[Puathawee, Pathompong] Smooth Int Co Ltd, 79 Moo 8 Bangkajao, Muang Samut
Sakhon 74000, Thailand.
C3 Chulalongkorn University
RP Sooksaen, P (corresponding author), Silpakorn Univ, Fac Engn & Ind Technol, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Amphoe Muang 73000, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.; Sooksaen, P
(corresponding author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Ctr Excellence Petr Petrochem & Adv
Mat, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
EM sooksaen_p@su.ac.th
FU Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering
and Industrial Technology, Silpakorn University; Smooth International
Co. Ltd.
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Technology,
Silpakorn University, and Smooth International Co. Ltd. for financial
support as well as technical help and equipment for this research. We
also would like to thank Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology students:
Direk Suwanpratheep, Poonyanuch Srikhamhaeng and Premsit Wanitthanya who
partly involved in this work.
CR Brezny R., 1993, MAT SCI TECHNOLOGY C
Chen F., 1998, MATER LETT, P372
Colombo P, 2002, KEY ENG MATER, V206-2, P1913, DOI
Djangang CN, 2011, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V528, P8311, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2011.07.006
Gibson L., 1997, CELLULAR SOLIDS STRU
Han YS, 2002, CERAM INT, V28, P755, DOI 10.1016/S0272-8842(02)00039-1
Hemra K, 2014, ADV APPL CERAM, V113, P323, DOI 10.1179/1743676114Y.0000000164
Lecomte-Nana GL, 2011, APPL CLAY SCI, V51, P445, DOI 10.1016/j.clay.2011.01.007
Lee WE, 2008, J EUR CERAM SOC, V28, P465, DOI 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.03.009
Lee WE, 2001, J EUR CERAM SOC, V21, P2583, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(01)00274-6
Lee WE., 1994, Ceramic Microstructures
Limpichaipanit A, 2016, ADV APPL CERAM, V115, P349, DOI
10.1080/17436753.2016.1155293
Luyten J, 2009, J EUR CERAM SOC, V29, P829, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2008.07.039
Martín-Márquez J, 2010, J EUR CERAM SOC, V30, P1599, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.01.002
Montanaro L, 1998, J EUR CERAM SOC, V18, P1339, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(98)00063-
6
Nettleship I, 1996, KEY ENG MATER, V122-1, P305, DOI
Paulus W., RECENT ADV ENV ECOSY
Peng HX, 2000, J EUR CERAM SOC, V20, P807, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00229-0
Peng HX, 2000, CERAM INT, V26, P887, DOI 10.1016/S0272-8842(00)00032-8
8846(00)00272-6
Rambo CR, 2006, J AM CERAM SOC, V89, P3373, DOI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01247.x
SAGGIOWOYANSKY J, 1992, AM CERAM SOC BULL, V71, P1674
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APPLICATIONS, P1, DOI 10.1002/3527606696
Schmidt H, 2001, J AM CERAM SOC, V84, P2252, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.2001.tb00997.x
SCHNEIDER H, 1994, MULLITE MULLITE CERA
Sooksaen P, 2015, APPL CLAY SCI, V104, P295, DOI 10.1016/j.clay.2014.12.009
Taslicukur Z, 2007, J EUR CERAM SOC, V27, P637, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.04.129
Viswabaskaran V, 2004, APPL CLAY SCI, V25, P29, DOI 10.1016/j.clay.2003.08.001
Yakub I, 2012, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V558, P21, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2012.07.038
[No title captured]
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU CHIANG MAI UNIV, FAC SCIENCE
PI CHIANG MAI
PA 239 HUAY KAEW RD, T SUTHEP, CHIANG MAI, 50200, THAILAND
SN 0125-2526
J9 CHIANG MAI J SCI
JI Chiang Mai J. Sci.
PD MAR
PY 2018
VL 45
IS 2
BP 1099
EP 1110
PG 12
GA GF4RT
UT WOS:000431951700040
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Dimitescu, A
Babis, C
Alecusan, AM
Chivu, O
AF Dimitescu, A.
Babis, C.
Alecusan, A. M.
Chivu, O.
BE Oanta, E
Naito, M
Carausu, C
Topala, P
Placzek, M
Schnakovszky, C
Paunoiu, V
Cohal, V
Nedelcu, D
TI Aluminium alloys reconditioning by using new filler materials
SO MODTECH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE - MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING VI (MODTECH 2018)
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Modern Technologies in Industrial
Engineering (ModTech)
CY JUN 13-16, 2018
CL Constanta Maritime Univ, Constanta, ROMANIA
HO Constanta Maritime Univ
AB Even for those experienced in welding steels, welding aluminum alloys can
present quite a challenge. Higher thermal conductivity and low melting point of
aluminum alloys can easily lead to burn through unless welders follow prescribed
procedures. Brazing of aluminum needs to be performed "hot and fast".
The main advantages that the paper presents are: the use of non-specialized
brazing equipment, the production of a stronger joint than the base material,
brazing can be done without flux material, the environment and the operator are
protected because no toxic fumes and working temperature is low.
The most widely used rod on the market for welding zinc base metals - white -
die cast - pot metal. Alloyed from pure virgin metals. Welds made with rod are
clean and free from slag and produces a sound joint that is stronger than the
parent metal. Brazing aluminum without the use of flux, sound and free from
porosity, solders galvanized, also used as a rub-on solder, use a slightly
carburizing flame (excess of acetylene), with small tip for most work.
C1 [Dimitescu, A.; Babis, C.; Alecusan, A. M.; Chivu, O.] Univ Politech Bucharest,
Fac Engn & Management Technol Syst, Splaiul Independentei 313,Sect 6, Bucharest,
Romania.
C3 Polytechnic University of Bucharest
RP Dimitescu, A (corresponding author), Univ Politech Bucharest, Fac Engn &
Management Technol Syst, Splaiul Independentei 313,Sect 6, Bucharest, Romania.
EM andrei_dimitrescu@yahoo.com
RI OANA, VIRLAN/AAJ-9207-2020
CR Dimitescu A, 2017, IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI, V227, DOI
10.1088/1757-899X/227/1/012037
Dimitrescu A, 2015, METALURGIJA, V54, P383
Jacobson D M, 2005, PRINCIPLES BRAZING, P136
Savu I D, 2012, TEHNOLOGIA SUDARII P, P97
Totten G E, 2003, HDB OF ALUMINUM, V2, P141
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2018
VL 400
AR 022022
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/400/2/022022
PG 8
WC Engineering, Industrial; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BM2KQ
UT WOS:000461147400022
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, J
Wu, GL
Ye, MF
AF Wang, Jun
Wu, Guang-liang
Ye, Ming-feng
BE Hwang, JY
Jiang, T
Kennedy, MW
Gregurek, D
Wang, S
Zhao, B
Yucel, O
Keskinkilic, E
Downey, JP
Peng, Z
Padilla, R
TI Study on Reducing Al2O3 Inclusions by Optimized
Refining Slag
LA English
CY 2018
CL Phoenix, AZ
DE 50Cr5MoV roller steel; Al2O3 inclusions; Pre-molten refining slag
ID FATIGUE PROPERTIES
AB In order to reduce the Al2O3 inclusions in 50Cr5MoV roller steel produced by
EBT-LF-VD-VC process in a steelmaking plant, the LF refining slag was optimized and
the influence of optimized slags with different w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) ratios on reducing
inclusions were investigated in the laboratory. The results showed that, when
w(CaO) = 50-55%, w(Al2O3) = 25-30% and w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) = 1.5-2.0, this optimized
slag can not only reduce massive Al2O3 come from aluminium deoxidation, but also
change the remain into plastic CaO-MgO-Al2O3 spherical compound inclusions with 1-5
mu m diameter, the harm on the performance of the steel was minimized.
C1 [Wang, Jun; Wu, Guang-liang; Ye, Ming-feng] Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc &
Bioengn, Changsha 410083, Hunan, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, J (corresponding author), Cent S Univ, Sch Minerals Proc & Bioengn,
EM 849341560@qq.com
CR [Anonymous], 1988, 58 NONMETALLIC INCLU
Furuya Y, 2005, TETSU TO HAGANE, V91, P630
Huang D, 2015, RES IRON STEEL, V43, P12
MELANDER A, 1991, SCAND J METALL, V20, P229
Perkins KM, 2005, INT J FATIGUE, V27, P610, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2004.12.004
Wei X, 2009, SPECIAL STEEL, V30, P35
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-72138-5; 978-3-319-72137-8
PY 2018
BP 633
EP 642
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-72138-5_61
PG 10
Engineering
GA BL5BM
UT WOS:000451214300061
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Anttila, S
Aula, M
Porter, DA
AF Anttila, S.
Aula, M.
Porter, D. A.
TI Behaviour and influence of slag islands in ferritic stainless steel
welds
SO WELDING IN THE WORLD
LA English
DT Article
DE Ferritic stainless steels; Weld metal; Slag; Imaging; Monitoring;
Spectroscopy
ID ARC
AB The nature and detailed behaviour of slag islands in ferritic stainless steel
welds have been analysed via weld pool video imaging, welding parameter monitoring,
scanning electron microscopy, and in situ optical emission spectroscopy. The aim of
the investigation was to understand how changes in weldability in 31 commercial
very low-sulphur steels of EN 1.4509 ("441", S43940) can be attributed to in situ
slagging phenomena. The results showed that three slagging mechanisms can co-exist
and alter the properties of the weld pool. Very stable, up to circle divide 3 mm,
aluminium-based, titanium-containing glassy films were observed directly underneath
the welding arc in steels with excessive aluminium deoxidation. Such films could
occasionally maintain their stability throughout the weld cycle. Steels with
excessive aluminium deoxidation also showed stable, <circle divide 1 mm, calcium-
aluminium-titanium clusters in various places along the weld pool, occasionally on
the glassy films, if present. Sudden movement of these clusters to the fusion line
led to an irregular fusion line and abrupt changes in the fluid flow. In low-
aluminium steels, the majority of slags were rich in calcium and titanium and they
accumulated to the rear of the weld pool. Various build-up and breakdown mechanisms
of slagging are discussed.
C1 [Anttila, S.; Porter, D. A.] Univ Oulu, Mat & Prod Engn, Oulu, Finland.
[Aula, M.] Univ Oulu, Proc Met, Oulu, Finland.
C3 University of Oulu; University of Oulu
RP Anttila, S (corresponding author), Univ Oulu, Mat & Prod Engn, Oulu, Finland.
EM severi.anttila@oulu.fi
FU Advanced Materials Doctoral Programme (ADMA-DP) of the University of
Oulu Graduate School; Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and
Innovation (TEKES); Outokumpu Stainless Oy
FX This research work was carried out as part of the Breakthrough Steels
and Applications (BSA) program of the company DIMECC Oy (Digital,
Internet, Materials & Engineering Co-Creation). The work of S.A. was
partly funded by the Advanced Materials Doctoral Programme (ADMA-DP) of
the University of Oulu Graduate School. The authors are grateful to the
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES) and
Outokumpu Stainless Oy for financial support. Cavitar Ltd. is
acknowledged for providing software licences.
CR Anttila S, 2016, WELD WORLD, V60, P485, DOI 10.1007/s40194-016-0311-2
BYGS M, 1977, WELD J, V56, P186
Collins S., 1998, 39 MECH WORK STEEL P, P607
Espinosa D. C., 1991, THESIS
Harvey MDF, 1988, 3581988 TWI
HEIPLE CR, 1983, WELD J, V62, pS72
Kramida A., 2015, NIST ATOMIC SPECTRA
Lambert J, 1989, RDM1784RR89 CEGB
Li P, 2008, WELD J, V79, P252
Matsuhashi T, 2013, U.S. patent application, Patent No. [13/813, 511, 13813511]
METCALFE JC, 1977, WELD J, V56, pS133
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Mills KC, 1992, 13962 EUR EN COMM EU
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Ohji T, 1991, Q J JAPAN WELD SOC, V9, P501
PCJ A, 2000, POWER GENERATION COR, P1
Pollard B, 1988, WELD RES S, V68, P202
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Tanaka M, 2010, J PHYS D APPL PHYS, V43, DOI 10.1088/0022-3727/43/43/434009
Weglowski MS, 2009, METROL MEAS SYST, V16, P143
Wglowski M. S., 2007, JAMME, V20, P519
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PI HEIDELBERG
SN 0043-2288
EI 1878-6669
J9 WELD WORLD
JI Weld. World
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 61
IS 6
BP 1141
EP 1154
DI 10.1007/s40194-017-0500-7
PG 14
GA FN6DF
UT WOS:000416101900007
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Lv, XY
Dong, AP
Wang, J
Shu, D
Sun, BD
AF Lv, Xin-Yu
Dong, An-Ping
Wang, Jun
Shu, Da
Sun, Bao-De
TI Influence Factors of Aluminum-Slag Interfacial Reaction Under Electric
Field
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA-ENGLISH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Molten salts; Interfacial reaction; Silicon; Electric field; Aluminum;
Kinetic model
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; PURE ALUMINUM; AL; ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; INCLUSIONS; REDUCTION; KINETICS; REMOVAL
AB The interfacial reaction between aluminum melt and molten slag under an electric
field plays a significant role in aluminum electro-slag refining. Here we studied
this interfacial reaction within 680 and 820 degrees C under an electric field
between 0 and 9 V. The evolution of aluminum composition was analyzed by
inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The dominant factor during
the interfacial reaction was identified through orthogonal experiments, in which
the slag-to-aluminum mass ratio, initial silicon concentration, electric voltage,
reaction time, and temperature were selected as the influence factors. The greatest
influence factor on the interfacial reaction was found to be the reaction time.
Also, single-factor experiments revealed that the reaction kinetic processes
largely obeyed an irreversible kinetic model, and the silicon removal efficiency
was enhanced by increasing the voltage and slag/metal ratio.
C1 [Lv, Xin-Yu; Dong, An-Ping; Wang, Jun; Shu, Da; Sun, Bao-De] Shanghai Jiao Tong
Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Adv High Temp Mat & Precis Formi, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R
China.
RP Dong, AP; Wang, J (corresponding author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Key
Lab Adv High Temp Mat & Precis Formi, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM apdong@sjtu.edu.cn; junwang@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Shu, Da/I-4546-2016
OI Shu, Da/0000-0003-2563-2998
National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB619505]; Science and
Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (STCSM) [15111108000]
FX This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 51274141,51204110); National Basic Research Program of
China (Grant No. 2012CB619505); and Science and Technology Commission of
Shanghai Municipality (STCSM) for high-tech project (Grant Nos.
15111108000).
CR An XG, 2016, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V29, P742, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0452-8
Bafghi MS, 2009, METALL MATER TRANS B, V40, P749, DOI 10.1007/s11663-009-9280-9
Cai T, 2016, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V29, P647, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0436-8
Chen C, 2011, MATER TRANS, V52, P2266, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.M2011211
Dai NW, 2016, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V29, P373, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0397-y
Damoah L.N.W., 2012, THESIS
Deng KK, 2014, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V27, P885, DOI 10.1007/s40195-014-0128-1
Du Y, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V363, P140, DOI 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00624-5
Glasstone D.S. Samuel, 2008, INTRO ELECTROCHEMIST, P460
Jang HS, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS B, V46, P606, DOI 10.1007/s11663-014-0234-5
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Kumar R, 2015, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V30, P1146, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2014.994760
Lee C, 2016, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V29, P638, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0434-x
Lu YF, 2016, J MATER SCI TECHNOL, V32, P341, DOI 10.1016/j.jmst.2015.11.015
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MITCHELL A, 1972, CAN METALL QUART, V11, P363
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10.1080/10426914.2013.872258
PATCHETT BM, 1972, WELD J, V51, pS491
Prabhu TR, 2015, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V28, P909, DOI 10.1007/s40195-015-0275-z
Sun Y, 2013, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V26, P455, DOI 10.1007/s40195-012-0253-7
Troyanskyy A., 2011, P INT S WORKSH MET U
Vishnu DSM, 2017, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V30, P218, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0503-1
Wang J., 2006, ANAL ELECTROCHEMISTR, P13
Ye ZY, 2015, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V28, P608, DOI 10.1007/s40195-015-0238-4
Zhang BW, 2006, T NONFERR METAL SOC, V16, P33, DOI 10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60006-X
Zhao JZ, 2017, ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL, V30, P1, DOI 10.1007/s40195-016-0523-x
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 22
PU CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST METAL RESEARCH
PI SHENYANG
PA 72 WENHUA RD, SHENYANG, 110016, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1006-7191
EI 2194-1289
J9 ACTA METALL SIN-ENGL
JI Acta Metall. Sin.-Engl. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 30
IS 8
BP 753
EP 761
DI 10.1007/s40195-017-0574-7
PG 9
GA FA5XV
UT WOS:000405518500007
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Abu El Hawa, H
Nakano, J
Nakano, A
Bennett, JP
AF Abu El Hawa, Hani
Nakano, Jinichiro
Nakano, Anna
Bennett, James P.
BE Wang, S
Free, ML
Alam, S
Zhang, M
Taylor, PR
TI The Influence of Phosphorous Additions on Phase Evolution in Molten
Synthetic Coal Slag
SO APPLICATIONS OF PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES IN MATERIALS PROCESSING,
ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
CT Symposium on Applications of Process Engineering Principles in Materials
Processing, Energy and Environmental Technologies - An EPD Symposium in
Honor of Ramana G. Reddy
CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2017
CL San Diego, CA
DE Coal slag; Mullite; Aluminum phosphate
AB Carbon feedstocks used in power, chemical and metallurgical industries typically
contain numerous minerals or impurities that liquefy during high temperature
processing to form slag as a byproduct. Slags have many industrial applications,
for example, as construction materials and for element recovery. In addition to
other variables, the extent of slag utilization is dependent on its composition and
post treatments. In this work, the influence of temperature and phosphorus
additions on phase evolution in coal slag was investigated. Synthetic slag mixtures
with varying AlPO4 contents (0-14 wt%) were heated from 1380-1470 degrees C in air,
then water-quenched to preserve the phases formed. SEM/EDS, XRF and XRD analyses
were performed before/after testing to gain insight about slag chemistry and phases
present. It was found that coal slag exhibited a large solubility of phosphorous,
affecting morphology of mullite formed under the conditions studied. Results
obtained and their significance are discussed.
C1 [Abu El Hawa, Hani; Nakano, Jinichiro; Nakano, Anna; Bennett, James P.] US DOE,
Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450 Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
[Nakano, Jinichiro; Nakano, Anna] AECOM, POB 1959, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
Laboratory - USA
RP Abu El Hawa, H (corresponding author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, 1450
Queen Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
EM hanihawa@yahoo.com
FU National Energy Technology Laboratory's under the RES contract
[DE-FE0004000]; U.S. Department of Energy
FX This technical effort was performed in support of the National Energy
Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES contract
DE-FE0004000. This research was also supported in part by an appointment
to the National Energy Technology Laboratory Research Participation
Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and administered by
the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The authors would
like to thank Eric Krabbe, Richard Chinn and Keith Collins of the
National Energy Technology laboratory, Albany, OR for their assistance
with testing and SEM, XRD and XRF runs.
CR Bennett J, 2011, CERAM TRANS, V227, P3
Nakano J, 2011, ENERG FUEL, V25, P3298, DOI 10.1021/ef200633q
Schneider H, 2008, J EUR CERAM SOC, V28, P329, DOI
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.03.017
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-51091-0; 978-3-319-51090-3
PY 2017
BP 221
EP 229
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-51091-0_20
PG 9
Engineering
GA BH9JI
UT WOS:000404101200020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Fiore, S
AF Fiore, Susan
GP ASME
TI NEW FCAW ELECTRODE FOR PRODUCING ULTRA-CLEAN HIGH-TOUGHNESS WELDS IN
X-80 AND X-100 STEEL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL PIPELINE CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 3
LA English
CT 11th International Pipeline Conference (IPC 2016)
CY SEP 26-30, 2016
CL Calgary, CANADA
AB The challenges associated with the welding of high strength pipeline steels,
such as X-80 and X100, are well established. While there are many filler metals
that provide either adequate strength or good impact toughness, it is difficult to
find products that provide both. Add to that the need for all position welding and
high deposition rates, and the options become almost non-existent.
Several years ago, Hobart Filler Metals began working on a line of flux-cored
arc welding (FCAW) consumables that are unique in the welding industry. The
products have a basic slag system, but do not operate like traditional EXXXT-5
electrodes. Traditional T-5 electrodes have a low-melting, fluid slag, which makes
welding out-of-position especially difficult. They also have a high level of
calcium fluoride, which affects the stability of the arc and causes weld spatter.
While the weld metal mechanical properties and crack-resistance are excellent, the
welder appeal and ease-of-use tend to be sorely lacking in most EXXXT-5 electrodes.
The new approach utilizes aluminum for deoxidation, which has the added benefit
of very clean weld deposits. The composition has been carefully optimized with
appropriate levels of carbon, silicon, nickel and manganese. Alternative fluorine
sources are used in place of calcium fluoride, which results in very good welder
appeal and all-positional capabilities, including vertical down. The novel use of
aluminum in a gas shielded process results in very low oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
content, providing exceptionally clean, tough weld deposits.
Although the new products have been produced over a range of strength levels,
the primary emphasis of this paper is on E691T5-GC (E101T5-GC) and E831T5-GC
(E121T5-GC) electrodes. Testing shows that tensile strength levels ranging from 700
880 MPa (100 128 ksi) can be achieved, with toughness levels of 120.1 at -60
degrees C (90 ft-lbs at -76 degrees F) or better. The highly basic slag, combined
with low weld metal hydrogen (less than 4 ml/100 gm), provides excellent resistance
to cracking. The product can be used in all positions, including vertically down,
making it an especially appealing choice for welding high-strength pipe.
C1 [Fiore, Susan] Hobart Bros, Troy, OH 45373 USA.
RP Fiore, S (corresponding author), Hobart Bros, Troy, OH 45373 USA.
CR Amata M., 1996, WELDING J JUN
[Anonymous], 1993, ASM HDB, V6
Okamoto H., 1990, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-5027-5
PY 2017
AR UNSP V003T05A045
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BH0PL
UT WOS:000395838700090
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Socha, L
Huczala, T
Michalek, K
Kaleta, J
Zwyrtek, J
AF Socha, Ladislav
Huczala, Tomas
Michalek, Karel
Kaleta, Jaromir
Zwyrtek, Jaroslav
GP TANGER Ltd
TI INFLUENCE OF STEEL TREATMENT COURSE AT UNITS OF SECONDARY METALLURGY ON
THE MICROCLEANNESS OF AL-KILLED STEELS
SO METAL 2017: 26TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
LA English
CT 26th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials (METAL)
CY MAY 24-26, 2017
CL Brno, CZECH REPUBLIC
DE Steel; slag; secondary metallurgy; microcleanness; non-metallic
inclusions
ID FLOW
AB The paper presents the results of operating experiments focused on the study of
the formation and modification of non-metallic inclusions during treatment of
aluminium-killed steels at units of secondary metallurgy. The process melts were
focused on analysis of the influence of deoxidizing and slag-making agents and wear
of the lining on the steel microcleanness. The experiments were aimed at studying
the patterns of formation, origin and conditions of elimination of non-metallic
inclusions during treatment of steels on the homogenization station and ladle
furnace. The actual evaluation of microcleanness was executed by means of SEM
microscope. The results present the number, ratio and analysis of chemical
composition of non-metallic inclusions including their plotting in ternary
diagrams. The evaluation indicated in the paper represents basic information on the
achieved microcleanness, and thus also the produced steel quality.
C1 [Socha, Ladislav; Michalek, Karel; Zwyrtek, Jaroslav] VSB Tech Univ Ostrava, Fac
Met & Mat Engn, Dept Met & Foundry, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
[Huczala, Tomas; Kaleta, Jaromir] TRINECKE ZELEZARNY As, Trinec, Czech Republic.
RP Socha, L (corresponding author), VSB Tech Univ Ostrava, Fac Met & Mat Engn, Dept
Met & Foundry, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
EM ladislav.socha@vsb.cz; Tomas.Huczala@trz.cz; karel.michalek@vsb.cz;
Jaromir.Kaleta@trz.cz; jaroslav.zwyrtek@vsb.cz
RI SOCHA, Ladislav/ABH-4531-2020; Socha, Ladislav/HPC-8412-2023; Michalek,
Karel/ABF-2056-2020
OI Michalek, Karel/0000-0001-9741-0396
FU TA CR; projects of "Student Grant Competition" [SP2017/57, SP2017/58];
[TA04010312]
FX This paper was created in the project reg. number TA04010312 and was
carried out in the financial support of TA CR. The work was carried out
in the support of projects of "Student Grant Competition" numbers
SP2017/57 and SP2017/58.
CR [Anonymous], 2002, SECONDARY METALLURGY
Fruehan Richard J., 1998, The Making, Shaping and Treating of Steel, V11th
GHOST A., 2011, IRONMAKING STEELMAKI
GHOST A, 2000, SECONDARY STEELMAKIN
Gryc K, 2015, METAL 2015: 24TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS, P123
Merder T, 2005, ARCH METALL MATER, V50, P933
Merder T, 2014, METALURGIJA, V53, P155
Michalek K, 2013, ARCH METALL MATER, V58, P1161, DOI 10.2478/amm-2013-0142
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU TANGER LTD
PI SLEZSKA
PA KELTICKOVA 62, SLEZSKA, OSTRAVA 710 00, CZECH REPUBLIC
BN 978-80-87294-79-6
PY 2017
BP 222
EP 228
PG 7
GA BK2ZH
UT WOS:000434346900031
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Temnikova, EY
Bogomolov, AR
Lapin, AA
AF Temnikova, E. Yu
Bogomolov, A. R.
Lapin, A. A.
GP IOP
TI The use of fractionated fly ash of thermal power plants as binder for
production of briquettes of coke breeze and dust
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE PROBLEMS OF THERMAL PHYSICS AND POWER
ENGINEERING (PTPPE-2017)
SE Journal of Physics Conference Series
LA English
CT International Conference on Problems of Thermal Physics and Power
Engineering (PTPPE)
CY OCT 09-11, 2017
CL Natl Res Univ, Moscow Power Engn Inst, Moscow, RUSSIA
HO Natl Res Univ, Moscow Power Engn Inst
AB In this paper, we propose to use the slag and ash material of thermal power
plants (TPP) operating on pulverized coal fuel. The elemental and chemical
composition of fly ash of five Kuzbass thermal power plants differs insignificantly
from the composition of the mineral part of coking coal because coke production
uses a charge, whose composition defines the main task: obtaining coke with the
required parameters for production of iron and steel. These indicators are as
follows: CRI reactivity and strength of the coke residue after reaction with CO2 -
CSR. The chemical composition of fly ash of thermal power plants and microsilica
with bulk density of 0.3-0.6 t/m(3), generated at production of ferroalloys was
compared. Fly ash and microsilica are the valuable raw material for production of
mineral binder in manufacturing coke breeze briquettes (fraction of 2-10 mm) and
dust (0-200 mu m), generated in large quantities during coking (up to 40wt%). It is
shown that this binder is necessary for production of smokeless briquettes with low
reactivity, high strength and cost, demanded for production of cupola iron and
melting the silicate materials, basaltic rocks in low-shaft furnaces. It is
determined that microsilica contains up to 90% of silicon oxide, and fly ash
contains up to 60% of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide of up to 20%. On average,
the rest of fly ash composition consists of basic oxides. According to calculation
by the VUKHIN formula, the basicity index of briquette changes significantly, when
fly ash is introduced into briquette raw material component as a binder. The
technology of coke briquette production on the basis of the non-magnetic fraction
of TPP fly ash in the ratio from 3.5:1 to 4.5:1 (coke breeze : coke dust) with the
addition of the binder component to 10% is proposed. The produced briquettes meet
the requirements by CRI and require further study on CSR requirements.
C1 [Temnikova, E. Yu; Lapin, A. A.] Kuzbass State Tech Univ, Kemerovo, Russia.
[Bogomolov, A. R.] RAS, Kutateladze Inst Thermophys, SB, Novosibirsk, Russia.
C3 Kuzbass State Technical University; Russian Academy of Sciences; S.S.
Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Division of the Russian
Academy of Sciences
RP Temnikova, EY (corresponding author), Kuzbass State Tech Univ, Kemerovo, Russia.
EM teu.pmahp@kuzstu.ru; barom@kuzstu.ru
RI Bogomolov, Alexander/K-3706-2013; Temnikova, Elena/AAN-6725-2021;
Temnikova, Elena Yur'evna/N-9147-2013
OI Bogomolov, Alexander/0000-0002-4746-0106; Temnikova,
Elena/0000-0002-5890-6281; Temnikova, Elena Yur'evna/0000-0002-5890-6281
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Department of Education and
Science of Kemerovo region [16-48-420871, 6]
FX The studies were financially supported by the Russian Foundation for
Basic Research and Department of Education and Science of Kemerovo
region in the framework of scientific project No. 16-48-420871, "r_a"
and Agreement No. 6 of December 15, 2016.
CR Kozlov VA, 2012, MINING INFORM ANAL B, P108
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PI BRISTOL
SN 1742-6588
EI 1742-6596
J9 J PHYS CONF SER
PY 2017
VL 891
AR 012232
DI 10.1088/1742-6596/891/1/012232
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Physics
GA BJ3NM
UT WOS:000424078500232
OA gold
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, NW
AF Wang, Nengwei
BE Rojas, AL
Maouche, AR
Fellah, M
TI Study on a New Type of Exothermic Insulating Riser
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL
ENGINEERING AND APPLICATION (ICMEA 2017)
SE AER-Advances in Engineering Research
LA English
CT 4th Annual International Conference on Material Engineering and
Application (ICMEA)
CY DEC 15-17, 2017
DE heat insulation riser sleeve; ignition time; secondary combustion;
production process
AB With the higher and higher requirement for the quality of casting and the
continuous development of casting technology, sand mold riser, heat insulation
riser and heat production riser produced by the traditional process produced cannot
reach the requirements of feeding of casting due to a lot of shortcomings, such as
the lack of heat production and poor heat preservation effect. Therefore, the
research and development to the risers with the dual function of heat production
and heat insulation have attracted considerable attention of the foundry industry.
In the paper, on the basis of consulting a large number of literatures, the
majority of heat production and heat insulation risers are analyzed, and a large
number of experiments are conducted. The raw materials and the specific ratio of
heat production and heat insulation riser are preliminarily determined: with
aluminum powder (15%similar to 25%) and ferric oxide (8%similar to 15%) as the
heating materials, graphite (5%similar to 10%) as the auxiliary heating material,
sodium silicate as the binder, cenosphere (35%similar to 45%) as thermal insulation
material, cryolite (0 similar to 5%) as the fluxing agent, tail slag (5%similar to
12%) as aggregate and some ferric oxide, and potassium chlorate (2%similar to 6%)
and potassium nitrate (2%similar to 5%) as oxidants.
1By comparing the ignition time and secondary combustion time of the different
ratios of raw materials, the choices are gradually optimized. Finally, new heat
insulation riser is obtained, which ignition time is 20 similar to 40s, secondary
combustion time is 10 similar to 30s.
C1 [Wang, Nengwei] Panzhihua Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Panzhihua, Peoples R China.
C3 Panzhihua University
RP Wang, NW (corresponding author), Panzhihua Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Panzhihua,
Peoples R China.
EM wnw_2008@163.com
FU National Innovation Training Program for College Students [201411360005]
FX This work was financially supported by National Innovation Training
Program for College Students (201411360005).
CR Chen Jian-ming, 1986, FOUNDRY, V11, pp6
He Yuan, 2000, HOT WORKING, V12, P9
KOU Feng- he, 1990, J UNIV SCI TECHNOL B, V12, P227
LI Jun-ru, 1994, SHANXI MACHINERY, V1, P25
NIU Jin-xia, 2003, J QINGHAI U NATURAL, V6, pp60
QUAN Bei- ping, 2003, IND MINERALS PROCESS, V11, P30
SONG Zhong- xun, 2007, INSULATION RISER SLE, V2, P76
WANG Min, 2005, PRODUCTION METHOD PR, V4, P51
Wei B, 2008, FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY, V30, P971
Zhang lin, 2009, DEV APPL MAT, V2, pp77
Zhang Nai-yun, 1990, MACHINERY MANUFACTUR, V10, P40
ZHANG Shu-lan, 1994, HOT WORKING PROCESS, V2, P41
ZHAO Yu- hua, 2000, J SHENYANG I AERONAU, V17, P34
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ATLANTIS PRESS
PI PARIS
PA 29 AVENUE LAVMIERE, PARIS, 75019, FRANCE
SN 2352-5401
BN 978-94-6252-448-4
J9 AER ADV ENG RES
PY 2017
VL 146
BP 31
EP 36
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BJ6IA
UT WOS:000426703000008
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zhou, ZQ
Zhu, ZZ
Ding, YC
Zhou, SN
AF Zhou, Zhiqiang
Zhu, Zizong
Ding, Yuchuan
Zhou, Shengnan
GP Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc
TI Effect of the Addition of Ce and Si on Hot Cracking Behavior of SiMn
Alloy During the Solidification Process
SO TMS 2017 146TH ANNUAL MEETING & EXHIBITION SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 146th TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2017
CL San Diego, CA
DE Ce and Si addition; Hot cracking; Liquid film; Eutectic phase
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEARING CRITERION; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS;
THERMODYNAMICS; SLAG
AB The effect of the addition of Ce and Si on the hot cracking behavior of SiMn
alloy during the solidification process has been studied respectively by scanning
electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. It was found that a large
amount of graphite and SiC particles are scattered in the cracking zones of the
original SiMn alloy, which results in hampering of solidification shrinkage of SiMn
melt and the stress concentration around the non-metallic inclusions. A small
amount addition of Ce had a positive effect on the reduction of hot cracking by
grain refining and decreasing the thickness of liquid film. The addition of Si is
found to be beneficial on decreasing the hot cracking markedly, which is due to the
large reduction of graphite particles and the increasing of eutectic phase in the
grain boundary.
C1 [Zhou, Zhiqiang; Zhu, Zizong; Ding, Yuchuan; Zhou, Shengnan] Chongqing Univ,
RP Zhu, ZZ (corresponding author), Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
EM zhuzizong@163.com
RI zhou, zhou/HPE-9525-2023; Zhou, Zhiqiang/HIR-4954-2022; Ding,
yu/GWV-1732-2022
OI JIANG, BIN/0009-0009-0519-2527
CR Clyne T, 1981, Br Foundryman, V74, P65
Dahle AK, 1996, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V48, P34, DOI 10.1007/BF03222888
Easton M.A., 2004, Materials forum, P224
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Easton MA, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS A, V43A, P3227, DOI 10.1007/s11661-012-1132-
6
Eskin DG, 2007, METALL MATER TRANS A, V38A, P1511, DOI 10.1007/s11661-007-9169-7
Eskin DG, 2004, PROG MATER SCI, V49, P629, DOI 10.1016/S0079-6425(03)00037-9
Fabrègue D, 2006, ACTA MATER, V54, P5209, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.027
Hamdi M. M, 2006, METALL MATER TRANS A, V37, P3069
Hao H, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS A, V41A, P2067, DOI 10.1007/s11661-010-0216-4
Kim HT, 1996, J MATER SCI, V31, P2859, DOI 10.1007/BF00355993
Patel A. H., 2013, MATH MODELING MICROS, V8, P21
Rappaz M, 1999, METALL MATER TRANS A, V30, P449, DOI 10.1007/s11661-999-0334-z
Suyitno, 2009, METALL MATER TRANS A, V40A, P2388, DOI 10.1007/s11661-009-9941-y
Sweet L, 2012, LIGHT MET, P1133
TABUCHI S, 1984, METALL TRANS B, V15, P351, DOI 10.1007/BF02667339
Zhen ZS, 2009, INT J CAST METAL RES, V22, P331, DOI 10.1179/136404609X368145
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-51493-2; 978-3-319-51492-5
PY 2017
BP 529
EP 537
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-51493-2_51
PG 9
GA BH6CT
UT WOS:000401654100051
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Kimura, T
Numao, T
Fukuzawa, K
AF Kimura, Tohru
Numao, Tatsuya
Fukuzawa, Kimio
BE Galvez, JC
DeCea, AA
FernandezOrdonez, D
Sakai, K
Reyes, E
Casati, MJ
Enfedaque, A
Alberti, MG
DeLaFuente, A
TI PROPERTIES OF HIGH FLUIDITY CONCRETE USING FINE POWDER OF
MELT-SOLIDIFIED SLAG FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE AS AN ADMIXTURE
SO II INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCRETE SUSTAINABILITY - ICCS16
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Concrete Sustainability (ICCS)
CY JUN 13-15, 2016
CL Univ Politecnica Madrid, Escuela Ingenieros Caminos Canales y Puertos,
Madrid, SPAIN
HO Univ Politecnica Madrid, Escuela Ingenieros Caminos Canales y Puertos
DE Melt-Solidified Slag Made From Municipal Waste; High Fluidity Concrete
AB In Japan, most of the melt-solidified slag made from municipal waste is made by
quenching process. The melt-solidified slag made by quenching process has the
latent hydraulic property. Several properties of high fluidity concrete which
contains the fine powder of the melt-solidified slag as an admixture, such as
density, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage are
examined varying kind of melt-solidified slag and specific surface area of the slag
powder. The experiments revealed that fine powder of melt-solidified slag from
municipal waste which contains little metallic aluminum in the components is
effectively used as an admixture of high fluidity concrete.
C1 [Kimura, Tohru; Numao, Tatsuya; Fukuzawa, Kimio] Ibaraki Univ, Dept Urban &
Civil Engn, Nakanarusawa 4-12-1, Hitachi, Ibaraki 3168511, Japan.
C3 Ibaraki University
RP Kimura, T (corresponding author), Ibaraki Univ, Dept Urban & Civil Engn,
Nakanarusawa 4-12-1, Hitachi, Ibaraki 3168511, Japan.
EM tohru.kimura.1111@vc.ibaraki.ac.jp; tatsuya.numao.104@vc.ibaraki.ac.jp;
fukuzawa@ss.iij4u.or.jp
CR Fukuzawa K, 2007, PROC MONOGR ENG WATE, P333
Kitatsuji Masafumi, 2002, CONCRETE RES TECHNOL, V13, P89
Kitatsuji Masafumi, 2013, ENV SOLUTION TECHNOL, P35
Torii Kazuyuki, 2003, P JAPAN CONCRETE I, V25, P623
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INT CENTER NUMERICAL METHODS ENGINEERING
PI 08034 BARCELONA
PA GRAN CAPITAN, S-N, CAMPUS NORTE UPC, MODULO C1, 08034 BARCELONA, SPAIN
BN 978-84-945077-7-9
PY 2016
BP 1343
EP 1348
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
GA BG6TS
UT WOS:000390842600128
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Mu, HY
Webler, BA
Fruehan, RJ
AF Mu, Haoyuan
Webler, Bryan A.
Fruehan, Richard J.
BE Reddy, RG
Chaubal, P
Pistorius, PC
Pal, U
TI REDUCTION OF SLAG AND REFRACTORIES BY ALUMINIUM IN STEEL AND INCLUSION
MODIFICATION
LA English
CY MAY 22-25, 2016
CL Seattle, WA
DE slag reduction; inclusion formation; mass transfer
AB As Al contents in Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) increase, the possibility
exists that Al will reduce CaO and MgO from slag or refractory. Excessive Ca or Mg
transfer would form solid inclusions that can cause nozzle clogging. This study
documents experimental observations of reduction of CaO and MgO from slag and
refractory in steels containing 2, 0.5 and 0.1 wt% Al at 1600 degrees C or 1700
degrees C. Mg transfer was observed in all experiments, while Ca transfer was only
noticed under certain conditions and less intense when comparing with Mg transfer.
These observations were consistent with considering the rate of reaction to be
controlled by Mg and Ca transfer from slag/crucible to liquid steel.
C1 [Mu, Haoyuan; Webler, Bryan A.; Fruehan, Richard J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr
Iron & Steelmaking Res, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
USA.
RP Mu, HY (corresponding author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Ctr Iron & Steelmaking Res,
Mat Sci & Engn Dept, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
OI Mu, Haoyuan/0000-0001-5976-1849
BRIAN PLT, 1969, AICHE J, V15, P419, DOI 10.1002/aic.690150323
Fruehan R. J., 1998, SHAPING TREATING STE, P77
Kaushik P., 2012, AIST T, V9, P165
Pretorius EB, 2013, AISTECH, P993
Story S., 2013, IRON STEEL TECHNOLOG, P86
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI HOBOKEN
BN 978-1-119-33319-7; 978-1-119-30876-8
PY 2016
BP 127
EP 133
PG 7
GA BQ1XC
UT WOS:000578029000013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zhan, YL
Ji, XL
Wu, T
Li, QH
Guo, HC
AF Zhan, Yanling
Ji, Xinlei
Wu, Tuo
Li, Qiuhan
Guo, Hancheng
BE Reddy, RG
Chaubal, P
Pistorius, PC
Pal, U
TI DISTRIBUTION BEHAVIOR OF Cr BETWEEN
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 (MgO) SLAG AND Fe-C-Cr
(-Si/Al) METAL PHASE
LA English
CY MAY 22-25, 2016
CL Seattle, WA
DE distribution ratio; chromium; slag; metal melt
ID CHROMIUM OXIDES; REDUCTION; CR2O3; PRESSURE; CARBON; STATE
AB Cr is an important alloying element for metal materials. Thermodynamic behaviors
of Cr in metal and slag phase are basic knowledge for enhancing its yield ratio in
pyrometallurgy process. In this research, laboratory experiments on distribution
ratios of Cr between slag (CaO-SiO2-Al(2)O(3)sat-CrOx, CaO-SiO2-MgOsat-CrOx, and
CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgOsat-CrOx) and Fe-C(-Si/Al)-Cr metal phase were carried out under
1500 degrees C-1600 degrees C by using gas-slag-metal equilibrium method. The
effects of influencing factors such as slag compositions, temperature, and metal
melt compositions were examined. The results suggested that the distribution ratio
of chromium between slag and metal phase increased with increasing the carbon and
silicon contents in metal phase; Aluminum can reduce some silicon oxides into
silicon in metal melt, which further promote the reduction of chromium oxides into
metal phase. And the basicity, along with Al2O3 content in slag also gave important
influence on L-Cr.
C1 [Zhan, Yanling; Ji, Xinlei; Wu, Tuo; Li, Qiuhan; Guo, Hancheng] Univ Sci &
Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Xueyuan Rd 30, Beijing 100083, Peoples R
China.
RP Zhan, YL (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv
Met, Xueyuan Rd 30, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
FX The authors would like to appreciate the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 51474021) for their financial support.
CR AZAD AM, 1988, J NUCL MATER, V152, P182, DOI 10.1016/0022-3115(88)90325-X
Henao HM, 2001, MATER TRANS, V42, P1959, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.42.1959
Mori T, 2007, ISIJ INT, V47, P1387, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.47.1387
OHTANI M, 1956, 75 REP RES I MIN DRE, P337
Pan X, 2004, J S AFR I MIN METALL, V104, P583
[彭兵 Peng Bing], 2005, [中南大学学报. 自然科学版, Journal of Central South
University of Science and Technology], V36, P571
PRETORIUS EB, 1992, J AM CERAM SOC, V75, P1364, DOI 10.1111/j.1151-
2916.1992.tb04196.x
Teng LD, 2010, ARCH METALL MATER, V55, P1097, DOI 10.2478/v10172-010-0012-6
Wang LJ, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS B, V41, P946, DOI 10.1007/s11663-010-9383-3
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI HOBOKEN
BN 978-1-119-33319-7; 978-1-119-30876-8
PY 2016
BP 731
EP 743
PG 13
GA BQ1XC
UT WOS:000578029000078
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Hasan, M
Begum, L
AF Hasan, Mainul
Begum, Latifa
GP ASME
TI A COMPARISON BETWEEN 3-D THERMAL MODEL AND 3-D CFD MODEL FOR VERTICAL DC
CASTING OF ROLLING INGOTS OF ALUMINUM ALLOY 7050
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS
AND EXPOSITION, 2014, VOL 8B
LA English
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
(IMECE)
CY NOV 14-20, 2014
CL Montreal, CANADA
ID MACROSEGREGATION
AB In this study, first a 3-D thermal model is developed for an open top, vertical
direct chill (DC) casting process of rolling slabs (ingots) by taking into account
the casting speed in the form of slag flow in the thermal connective-diffusion
equation. The mushy region solidification characteristics of the process are
accounted for through the implementation of the enthalpy porosity technique. The
thermal model is later extended to a 3-D CFD model to account for the coupled
turbulent heat transfer and solidification aspect of the process. Both models
simulate an industrial-sized, hot-top type vertical Direct Chill (DC) slab caster
for high strength aluminum alloy AA-7050. A staggered control volume based finite-
difference scheme is used to solve the modeled equations and the associated
boundary conditions. In the CFD model, the turbulent aspects of flow and
solidification heat transfer are modeled using a low Reynolds number version of the
k - epsilon eddy viscosity approach. Computed results for the steadystate phase of
the casting process are presented for four casting speeds varying from 60 to 180
mm/min for a fixed inlet melt superheat of 32 degrees C. Simulation results of the
velocity and temperature fields and heat fluxes along the caster surface are
presented for the CFD model and the shell thickness and sump depth are compared
between the CFD and thermal models.
C1 [Hasan, Mainul; Begum, Latifa] McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat, 3610 Univ St,
Montreal, PQ H3A 0C5, Canada.
C3 McGill University
RP Hasan, M (corresponding author), McGill Univ, Dept Min & Mat, 3610 Univ St,
Montreal, PQ H3A 0C5, Canada.
EM mainul.hasan@mcgill.ca; latifa.begum@mail.mcgill.ca
CR [Anonymous], 1980, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow
Begum L., 2013, THESIS MCGILL U MONT
Begum L, 2014, INT J HEAT MASS TRAN, V73, P42, DOI
Du Q, 2007, METALL MATER TRANS A, V38A, P180, DOI 10.1007/s11661-006-9042-0
Grijn G. U., LIGHT METALS MINERAL, P1041
Jones WK, 1999, LIGHT METALS 1999, P841
Jones WK, 1998, LIGHT METALS 1998, P1051
Launder B. E., 1974, Letters in Heat and Mass Transfer, V1, P131, DOI
10.1016/0094-4548(74)90150-7
Nadella R, 2006, MATER SCI FORUM, V519-521, P1841, DOI
PATANKAR SV, 1975, STUDIES CONVECTION T, V1
Rappaz M., 1990, LIGHT METALS 1991, P877
Reese JM, 1997, METALL MATER TRANS B, V28, P491, DOI 10.1007/s11663-997-0116-1
Versteeg H.K., 2007, An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Finite
Volume Method
9310(99)00175-1
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-4956-9
PY 2015
AR UNSP V08BT10A016
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA BE7JK
UT WOS:000375370500016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Carrasco, C
Inzunza, G
Camurri, C
Rodríguez, C
Radovic, L
Soldera, F
Suarez, S
AF Carrasco, C.
Inzunza, G.
Camurri, C.
Rodriguez, C.
Radovic, L.
Soldera, F.
Suarez, S.
TI Optimization of mechanical properties of Al-metal matrix composite
produced by direct fusion of beverage cans
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Mechanical characterization; Aluminum alloy; Casting; Aging
ID INTERMETALLIC PHASES; HEAT-TREATMENT; ALUMINUM; PARTICLE; ALLOY; SI;
PRECIPITATION; BEHAVIOR
AB The collection of used beverage cans is limited in countries where they are not
fabricated; their low value does not justify the extra charge of exporting them for
further processing. To address this increasingly serious problem, here we optimize
the properties of an aluminum metal matrix composite (Al-MMC) obtained through
direct fusion of beverage cans by using the slag generated in the melting process
as reinforcement. This method consists of a modified rheocasting process followed
by thixoforming. Our main operational variable is the shear rate applied to a semi-
solid bath, subsequent to which a suitable heat treatment (T8) is proposed to
improve the mechanical properties. The microstructure, the phases obtained and
their effect on composite mechanical properties are analyzed. The composite
material produced has, under the best conditions, a yield stress of 175 MPa and a
tensile strength of 273 MPa. These results demonstrate that the proposed process
does indeed transform the used beverage cans into promising composite materials,
e.g., for structural applications. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carrasco, C.; Inzunza, G.; Camurri, C.; Rodriguez, C.] Univ Concepcion, Dept
Mat Engn, Concepcion, Chile.
[Radovic, L.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Chem Engn, Concepcion, Chile.
[Soldera, F.; Suarez, S.] Univ Saarland, Dept Mat Sci, D-66123 Saarbrucken,
Germany.
[Radovic, L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Energy & Geoenvironm Engn, University Pk, PA
16802 USA.
C3 Universidad de Concepcion; Universidad de Concepcion; Saarland
University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education
(PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University -
University Park
RP Carrasco, C (corresponding author), Univ Concepcion, Dept Mat Engn, Edmundo
Larenas 270, Concepcion, Chile.
EM ccarrascoc@udec.cl
RI Carrasco, Claudia/ABA-9909-2021; Radovic, Ljubisa R/B-3306-2012; Suarez,
Sebastian/AAG-5160-2020; Rodríguez, Carlos A/G-6611-2015; Suárez,
Sebastián/GWC-8885-2022
OI Carrasco, Claudia/0000-0001-8384-1339; Radovic, Ljubisa
R/0000-0003-3026-1036; Suarez, Sebastian/0000-0003-3556-5987; Rodríguez,
Carlos A/0000-0003-1237-3288; camurri, carlos/0000-0001-8266-9688;
Abdimomyn, Saken/0000-0002-5985-9050; Soldera,
Flavio/0000-0002-5904-496X
FU National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development of Chile
(Fondecyt) [1120748]
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support of this work by the
National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development of Chile
(Fondecyt), Project no 1120748.
CR Alexander DTL, 2002, ACTA MATER, V50, P2571, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00085-X
de Deus HPA, 2013, PHYS LETT A, V377, P478, DOI 10.1016/j.physleta.2012.12.011
Cama H., 1997, SP 97 P 4 DEC INT C, P555
Carrasco C, 2012, MATER SCI FORUM, V706-709, P271, DOI
Chen CL, 2010, INTERMETALLICS, V18, P499, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2009.09.013
Chen CL, 2009, INTERMETALLICS, V17, P634, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2009.02.003
Crepeau P., 1995, T AM FOUNDRYMANS SOC, V133, P361
Das S., 1998, ALUMINUM ALLOYS PACK
Das S, 2007, JOM-US, V59, P83, DOI 10.1007/s11837-007-0027-2
Dobrzanski LA, 2006, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V175, P186, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.04.031
Goulart PR, 2010, MATER CHEM PHYS, V119, P272, DOI
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.08.063
Goulart PR, 2009, INTERMETALLICS, V17, P753, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2009.03.003
Gür CH, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V361, P29, DOI 10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00568-9
Hussain LB, 2007, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V22, P916, DOI 10.1080/10426910701451796
Ji SX, 2013, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V564, P130, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2012.11.095
Kobayashi T, 2000, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V280, P8, DOI 10.1016/S0921-
5093(99)00649-8
Kok M, 2005, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V161, P381, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.068
Li YJ, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P2945, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.02.041
Li YJ, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V347, P130, DOI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00555-5
Mahathaninwong N, 2012, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V532, P91, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2011.10.068
Mrowka-Nowotnik G., 2007, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V162-163, P367
Ouriev B, 2006, SOLID STATE PHENOMEN, V116-117, P558, DOI
10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.116-117.558
Schlesinger M.E., 2007, ALUMINUM RECYCLING
SUN TC, 1993, ALUMINUM ALLOYS FOR PACKAGING, P31
0-08-096988-6.00023-7, DOI 10.1016/B978-0-08-096988-6.00023-7]
Totten G. E, 2003, PHYS METALLURGY PROC, V1
Uematsu Y, 2008, COMPOS SCI TECHNOL, V68, P2785, DOI
10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.06.005
Verran GO, 2008, RESOUR CONSERV RECY, V52, P731, DOI
10.1016/j.resconrec.2007.10.001
Warmuzek M, 2004, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V157, P624, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.125
Warmuzek M, 2006, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V175, P421, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.04.005
Yigezu BS, 2013, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V28, P969, DOI
10.1080/10426914.2012.677909
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 20
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD NOV 3
PY 2014
VL 617
BP 146
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2014.08.057
PG 10
GA AR8TA
UT WOS:000343846000020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Fröhlich, L
Derd'ák, J
AF Froehlich, Ladislav
Derd'ak, Jan
GP SGEM
TI PROPERTIES OF GEOPOLYMER TYPE BINDER FORMED IN SITU IN THE DISPERSION
SYSTEM OF CALCIUM SILICATE SLAG
SO GEOCONFERENCE ON ECOLOGY, ECONOMICS, EDUCATION AND LEGISLATION, VOL I
SE International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference-SGEM
LA English
CT 14th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference (SGEM)
CY JUN 17-26, 2014
CL Albena, BULGARIA
DE slag; binder; geo-polymer; modified water glasses; hardness
AB The geopolymer type binders could be an alternative binders to cementitious
binders. These are materials doped with various alkali precursors. The role of
these precursors is to initialize and propagate polymerization of the matrix, to
trigger solidification. Various precursors behave differently in the matrix. They
affect ongoing processes, especially solidification of dispersion, rate of
polymerization, final strength of solidified material [1], etc. Therefore, in this
work the effects of the aluminum modified precursor on some parameters of castings
made from lime-silica slag dispersion and this precursor were experimentally
studied. Main parameters studied were volume changes during solidification and
final strengthof castings after 7 days of curing. In this work original results are
presented, discussed and processed into table and graphical form.
C1 [Froehlich, Ladislav; Derd'ak, Jan] Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Met, Kosice, Slovakia.
RP Fröhlich, L (corresponding author), Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Met, Kosice, Slovakia.
CR Frohlich L., 2013, SGEM 2013 ALB BULG C, VII, P615
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.12.064
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU STEF92 TECHNOLOGY LTD
PI SOFIA
PA 1 ANDREY LYAPCHEV BLVD, SOFIA, 1797, BULGARIA
SN 1314-2704
BN 978-619-7105-17-9
J9 INT MULTI SCI GEOCO
PY 2014
BP 543
EP 550
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA BE3JX
UT WOS:000370816200074
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Ganna, S
Iaroslav, G
Lev, M
AF Ganna, Stovpchenko
Iaroslav, Gusiev
Lev, Medovar
BE Ott, E
Banik, A
Andersson, J
Dempster, I
Gabb, T
Groh, J
Heck, K
Helmink, R
Liu, X
WusatowskaSarnek, A
TI FEATURES OF SLAG-METAL INTERACTION AT ELECTROSLAG REMELTING OF
SUPERALLOYS
SO 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SUPERALLOY 718 AND DERIVATIVES
LA English
CT 8th International Symposium on Superalloy 718 and Derivatives
CY SEP 28-OCT 01, 2014
CL Pittsburgh, PA
DE electroslag remelting; superalloy; Inconel 625; heavy ingot; slag-metal
ratio; equilibrium composition; active elements; titanium; aluminum;
silicon
AB Equilibrium compositions of phases in thermodynamic systems relevant to the
stable stage of electroslag remelting of heavy (1000 mm in dia) ingot of Inconel
625 under five different oxide-fluoride bearing slags in argon atmosphere were
calculated. The equilibrium content of active elements in melt under various slags
were estimated and compared using a thermodynamically based model. The
physicochemical model is applied with the protective atmosphere based ESR process
and allows estimating the conventional kinetics of the ingot manufacturing process.
The results of calculations made using the ESR process model show that with neutral
gas media and widespread slags some critical changes in metal chemistry take place
such that active elemental (Ti, Al, C) content reduces.
C1 [Ganna, Stovpchenko] Engn Co Elmet Roll, 5b A Barbiussa Str,62, UA-03150 Kiev,
Ukraine.
[Iaroslav, Gusiev; Lev, Medovar] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, EO Paton Elect Welding
Inst, UA-03150 Kiev, Ukraine.
of NASU
RP Ganna, S (corresponding author), Engn Co Elmet Roll, 5b A Barbiussa Str,62, UA-
03150 Kiev, Ukraine.
RI Stovpchenko, Ganna/J-9068-2016
OI Stovpchenko, Ganna/0000-0002-6555-5715
CR [Anonymous], THERMOCHEMISTRY STEE
Genereux PD, 2000, SUPERALLOYS 2000, P19
Kulikov I.S., 1975, DEOXIDATION METALS, P252
Medovar B., 1981, ELECTROSLAG METAL, P677
Medovar B.I., 1990, QUALITY ELECTROSLAG, P312
Medovar L., 2012, 9 INT C MOLT SLAGS F
Pickering EJ, 2013, ISIJ INT, V53, P935, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.53.935
Stovpchenko G., 2012, 9 INT C MOLT SLAGS F
Wegman D., 1993, THESIS
YU KO, 1986, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V38, P46, DOI 10.1007/BF03257955
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI HOBOKEN
BN 978-1-119-01685-4; 978-1-119-01680-9
PY 2014
BP 47
EP 56
PG 10
Engineering
GA BE6PQ
UT WOS:000374558400004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Nishi, T
Shinme, K
AF Nishi, Takayuki
Shinme, Kaoru
TI Formation of Spinel Inclusions in Molten Stainless Steel under Al
Deoxidation with Slags
LA Japanese
DT Editorial Material
DE deoxidation; inclusion; stainless steel; slag alumina; spinet
AB Morphology change of inclusions were experimentally, investigated under Al
dcoxidation of molten stainless steel with CaO-SiO2 MgO slags in order to clarify
the morphology control factor of inclusions. 15 kg of molten 18mass%Cr-Rmass%Cr
stainless steels were de. oxidized by aluminum at 1873K. and the samples were taken
at intervals to observe the inclusions by SEM and EDS. As the results. Mgt)
contents of alumina type inclusions were gradually increased with time and the
maximum contents were affected by a CaO/SiO, ratio in slags. The formation of MgO-
Al2O3 spinet type inclusions were. also observed in ease of high CaOiSia. ratio.
The origin of Mg in inclusions was presumed to he deformation of MgO in slags.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 21
PI TOKYO
JAPAN
SN 0021-1575
EI 1883-2954
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PY 2014
VL 100
IS 4
SI SI
BP R7
EP R8
PG 2
GA CC2LZ
UT WOS:000350177800021
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU von Eckroth, W
Struchen, L
Trovillion, T
Perez, R
Nerolich, S
Parlier, C
AF von Eckroth, Wulf
Struchen, Leah
Trovillion, Thomas
Perez, Rafael
Nerolich, Shaun
Parlier, Chris
TI Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Motor Plume Pressure and Heat Rate
Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS
LA English
CT 28th Aerodynamic Measurement Technology, Ground Testing, and Flight
Testing Conference
CY JUN 25-28, 2012
CL New Orleans, LA
AB The solid rocket booster main flame deflector at NASA Kennedy Space Center
Launch Complex 39A was instrumented to measure heat rates, pressures, and
temperatures on the final three space shuttle launches. Because the solid rocket
booster plume is hot and erosive, a robust tungsten piston calorimeter was
developed to compliment measurements made by off-the-shelf sensors. Witness
materials were installed, and their melting and erosion response to the Mach 2,
4000 degrees F, 4 s duration plume was observed. The data show that the
specification used for the design of the main flame deflector thermal protection
system overpredicts heat rates by a factor of three and underpredicts pressures by
a factor of two. The discovery of short-duration heating spikes that occur when
aluminum oxide slag solidifies on the main flame deflector explains this heat rate
overprediction. This study allows improvement of solid rocket motor launch site and
test stand computational fluid dynamics models and the concomitant slag deposition
heat transfer models.
C1 [von Eckroth, Wulf] United Space Alliance, USK 800, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32780
USA.
[Struchen, Leah; Perez, Rafael] United Space Alliance, Strength & Thermal Anal
Dept, USK 841, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32780 USA.
[Trovillion, Thomas] United Space Alliance, Tech Anal Dept, Kennedy Space Ctr,
FL 32780 USA.
[Nerolich, Shaun] United Space Alliance, Loads & Dynam Anal Dept, USK 841,
Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32780 USA.
[Parlier, Chris] NASA, Mech Support Syst Engn Branch, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL
32899 USA.
C3 National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Kennedy Space
Center; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Kennedy
Space Center; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA);
Kennedy Space Center; National Aeronautics & Space Administration
(NASA); Kennedy Space Center; National Aeronautics & Space
Administration (NASA); Kennedy Space Center
RP von Eckroth, W (corresponding author), United Space Alliance, USK 800, Kennedy
Space Ctr, FL 32780 USA.
CR [Anonymous], 1992, KSCDM3579 BOEING AER, P1
[Anonymous], 1984, KSCDD818TR PLANN RES, P1
Arenas Jorge P, 2006, Ingeniare. Rev. chil. ing., V14, P251, DOI 10.4067/S0718-
33052006000200009
Calle L. M., 2011, TM2010216293R NASA, P1
Clark R. L., 1979, KSCSPECP0012, P11
Gaskell D. R., 2003, INTRO THERMODYNAMICS, P587
Harper A., 2005, GSFCSTD7000 NASA, P1
Long V, 2011, KSCMSL20100344 NASA, P1
Long V., 2011, KSCMSL20110148 NASA, P1
Mehta M., 2012, 2012 TFAWS AER SESS, P38
Murphy W. T., 1992, KSCSTD164B NASA ENG
Murphy W. T., 1992, GP1059 NASA KENN SPA, V4, P1
Sachdev J. S., 2010, 20106972 AIAA
Salazar V., 2009, KSCMSL20090297 NASA, P1
Sampson J. W., 2009, KSCMSL20090336 NASA, P17
Suslov D., 2009, P 47 AIAA AER SCI M
Yih S. W. H., 1990, PROPERTIES SELECTION, V2, P1099
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 22
PU AMER INST AERONAUTICS ASTRONAUTICS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA
SN 0022-4650
EI 1533-6794
J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS
JI J. Spacecr. Rockets
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 1
BP 281
EP 295
DI 10.2514/1.A32526
PG 15
SC Engineering
GA AJ6JY
UT WOS:000337800900027
OA Green Submitted
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU He, JP
Wang, ZF
Wang, XL
Han, CH
Ma, J
AF He Junpeng
Wang Zhoufu
Wang Xiaoling
Han Chunhui
Ma Jing
TI Influence of CeO2 and Y2O3 on Slag
Resistance of MgO-MgAl2O4 Refractories
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE CeO2; Y2O3; magnesia spinel; slag resistance
AB MgO-MgAl2O4 bricks with CeO2 and Y2O3 were prepared to investigate the influence
of CeO2 and Y2O3 on the slag resistance using fused magnesia(3-1, 1-0, <0.088 mm),
aluminium rich spinel powder (<0.088 mm), CeO2 powder (<0.088 mm) and Y2O3 powder
(<0.088 mm) as main raw materials. The phase composition and microstructure of MgO-
MgAl2O4 bricks with CeO2 and Y2O3 were analyzed by XRD and SEM-EDS. The results
show that CeO2 and Y2O3 can improve the slag resistance of MgO-MgAl2O4 bricks, and
Y2O3 can react with CaO and Al2O3, generating CaYAlO7 and reduce the penetration of
the slag. CeO2 can react with CaO and SiO2 in the slag, generating high melting
point compounds which could lead to the structural densification and protect the
sample from being penetrated by the slag.
C1 [He Junpeng; Wang Zhoufu; Wang Xiaoling; Han Chunhui; Ma Jing] Wuhan Univ Sci &
Technol, State Key Lab Breeding Base Refractories & Ceram, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R
China.
RP Wang, ZF (corresponding author), Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Breeding Base Refractories & Ceram, Wuhan 430081, Peoples R China.
EM 416469484@qq.com; wangzf@126.com
RI Li, Jiaai/JCO-0168-2023
CR Braulio MAL, 2011, CERAM INT, V37, P1935, DOI 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.02.007
Chen Zhaoyou, 2009, REFRACTORIES, V43, P81
Parada S, 2009, J EUROPEAN CERAMIC S, V29, P105
Peiwen Lu, SCINENTIFIC BASIS IN
Takenaka Toshihide, 2009, CERAM INT, V35, P373
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD JUN
PY 2013
VL 42
SU 1B
BP 918
EP 921
PG 4
Engineering
GA 209ZF
UT WOS:000323798400115
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Chou, CY
Chang, CJ
Wang, A
Wu, PY
Wu, CP
AF Chou, Chih Yen
Chang, Ching Jung
Wang, Alex
Wu, Pei-Yao
Wu, Chung-pao
BE Zhao, J
Iranpour, R
Li, X
Jin, B
TI Cleanup Case Study of Waste Printed Circuit Boards on Illegal Dumping
Sites
SO ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES, PTS 1-6
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection
(ICEEP 2013)
CY APR 19-21, 2013
CL Guilin, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE site cleanup; printed circuit board; heavy metal contamination
AB This paper study was commenced to treat fatal contamination at the Er-Jen River,
supplied water for agricultural irrigation, aquaculture and industrial in Kaohsiung
and Tainan Area, when the Sixth River Management of Water Resources Agency (WRA)
developed the project to build flood embankment. The fatal contamination was throw
into the discard by illegal manufacturer which discarded the wastage of printed
circuit boards, toxic heavy metal contained sludge, and waste aluminum slag. The
treatment project was conducted by Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)
on preliminary tests, cleanup planning, and process supervision to ensure
contamination removal, flood protection, and landscape improvement. The
accumulative volume cleaned and screened on this site reached 45,159 cubic meters,
whereas 378.25 tons of waste printed circuit boards, 12,833 tons of toxic heavy
metal contained sludge, and 31,000 tons of general industrial wastages. The waste
printed circuit boards through stripping/acid washing and screening, there are
334.653 tons valuable (including 0.143 tons of copper and 334.51 tons of wire
casting materials) from the recycle extract and 43.597 tons of wastes that were not
valuable for reutilize. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests
were conducted on the site after cleanup to verify the treatment work successful,
because the rate of contamination removal was greater than 90%.
C1 [Chou, Chih Yen; Wang, Alex; Wu, Pei-Yao] Ind Technol Res Inst, Green Energy &
Environm Res Labs, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
[Chou, Chih Yen; Chang, Ching Jung; Wu, Chung-pao] Chung Hua Univ, Dept
Construct Management, Chung Hua, Peoples R China.
C3 Industrial Technology Research Institute - Taiwan
RP Chou, CY (corresponding author), Ind Technol Res Inst, Green Energy & Environm
Res Labs, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
EM ChihYenChou@itri.org.tw; cjchang@chu.edu.tw; AlexWang@itri.org.tw;
peiyao.wu@itri.org.tw; wra06031@ms2.wra.gov.tw
CR Chang Y. C., 2002, TAIWAN ASS SOIL GROU, V3, P3
Environmental Protection Administration, 2002, HAZ ASS EM RESP COMP
Industrial Technology Research Institute, 2012, PROJ PREL TEST CLEAN
La Grega, 2001, HAZARDOUS WASTE MANA
Wang A., 2005, P 3 SOIL GROUNDW C C, P529
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-742-7
PY 2013
VL 726-731
BP 2865
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Materials Science
GA BA2QO
UT WOS:000333767501078
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Halappa, RK
Chheda, U
Bhallamudi, R
AF Halappa, Renukananda Kambadahalli
Chheda, Udit
Bhallamudi, Ravi
GP ASME
TI Flow through Multi-Gate Gating System: Experimental and Simulation
Studies
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS
AND EXPOSITION, 2013, VOL 2B
LA English
CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition
(IMECE2013)
CY NOV 15-21, 2013
CL San Diego, CA
AB Industrial and research experience has shown that casting quality is
significantly affected by the flow of molten metal through the gating system before
entering the mold cavity. In general, slow filling can lead to cold-shut and misrun
defects, whereas rapid filling can cause sand inclusions and blow holes. The gating
system comprises of one or more pouring basins, sprues, runners and gates, and
optionally slag traps and filters. The number, location, shape and size of these
elements determine the filling sequence and flow rate of molten metal into the mold
cavity. Water, whose kinematic viscosity is of the same order as common molten
metals, can be used for experiments; previous studies were however, limited to two-
gate systems. In this work, flow of water and LM6 aluminum alloy through a multi-
gate gating system have been compared using numerical simulation. This was followed
by experimental observations of water flow in horizontal modular transparent multi-
gate gating system developed in the lab, which showed similar trends as the
numerical simulations. A statistical analysis of variance in the results of
discharge observed with different combination of open gates provided useful
insights. These insights are expected to reduce the dependence on computation-
intensive CFD based simulations, reducing the total time required to optimize the
gating system design for a given casting.
C1 [Halappa, Renukananda Kambadahalli; Chheda, Udit; Bhallamudi, Ravi] Indian Inst
Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India.
Technology (IIT) - Bombay
RP Halappa, RK (corresponding author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Bombay
EM khrenu@gmail.com
CR Berger M.J., 1951, FOUNDRY FEB, p[112, 237]
Bradley F.J., 1993, APPL MATH MODEL, V17, P1038
Dumaillet T.M., 2002, AFS T, V02-106, P187
EASTWOOD LW, 1951, AFS S PRINC GAT, P00025
Grube K., 1950, AFS T, V58, P76
Hsu FY, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P5736, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.06.003
Johnson W.H., 1953, AFS T S PRINC GAT, P31
Johnson W.H., 1950, AFS T, V58, P661
Kannan S., 1991, COMPUTER SIMULATION
Kermanpur A, 2008, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V206, P62, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.12.004
Morales R.D., 2008, AFS T, V08-122, P1
Rabinovich E., 1946, COMPTES RENDUS DOKLA, V54, P391
Ravi B, 1996, INT J CAST MET RES, V9, P1, DOI [10.1080/13640461.1996.11819638,
DOI 10.1080/13640461.1996.11819638]
Renukananda KH, 2012, INDIAN FOUNDRY J, V58, P23
Richins D.S., 1951, AFS T, P1
Ruddle R.W., 1956, I METALS MONOGRAPH, V19
Srinivasan M.N., 1962, THESIS U BIRMINGHAM
Swift R.E., 1949, AFS T, V57, P76
Webster P.D., 1991, FOUNDRYMAN, P22
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-5619-2
PY 2013
AR V02BT02A046
PG 9
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA BD3HD
UT WOS:000359682300046
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Lima, AD
Ikeda, RS
AF Lima Filho, Antonio de Padua
Ikeda, Rafael Shoiti
BE Moller, H
Govender, G
TI Continuous production of metal matrix composites from the semisolid
state
SO SEMI-SOLID PROCESSING OF ALLOYS AND COMPOSITES XII
SE Solid State Phenomena
LA English
CT 12th International Conference on Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and
Composites (S2P 2012)
CY OCT 08-11, 2012
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
DE Metal matrix composites; Metallic fibres; Strip casting; SnPb alloys
ID TWIN-ROLL CASTER; ALUMINUM-ALLOY STRIP
AB Continuous strip metal matrix composite (MMC) casting of 0.3 mm diameter hard-
drawn stainless steel (316L) wire in a quasi-eutectic SnPb (64Sn36Pb) matrix was
performed by a two-roll melt drag processing (TRMDping) method, with the wire being
dragged through a semisolid puddle with a fibre contact time of approximately 0.2
s. A slag weir placed at the nozzle contained two wire guide holes: one located
near the upper roll, and the other located between the rolls. A successful
continuous composite strip casting with good fibre alignment was achieved by
inserting and embedding the wire into the matrix using the guide hole between the
rolls. Degeneration of eutectic/dendrite structures led to the formation of
globular structures. The occurrence and formation mechanisms of cracks, de-
lamination and voids in the matrix were discussed. TRMDping is economically viable
and has significant benefits over other MMC fabrication methods.
C1 [Lima Filho, Antonio de Padua; Ikeda, Rafael Shoiti] Sao Paulo State Univ,
UNESP, Dept Mech Engn, BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.
C3 Universidade Estadual Paulista
RP Lima, AD (corresponding author), Sao Paulo State Univ, UNESP, Dept Mech Engn,
BR-15385000 Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil.
EM padua.dem@gmail.com; rafashoikeda@hotmail.com
RI de Pádua Lima Filho, Antonio/S-7409-2019
OI de Pádua Lima Filho, Antonio/0000-0002-7801-8978
CR [Anonymous], 2006, Metal Matrix Composites
Haga T, 2007, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V192, P108, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.015
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.11.088
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.158
Haga T, 2003, MATER SCI FORUM, V426-4, P2003, DOI
Haga T, 2002, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V130, P558, DOI 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00765-
3
Lima AD, 2008, SOLID STATE PHENOMEN, V141-143, P49
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 9
PI STAFA-ZURICH
SN 1012-0394
J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN
PY 2013
VL 192-193
BP 83
EP 88
DI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.192-193.83
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Composites; Physics, Condensed Matter
GA BEA91
UT WOS:000315930600010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Liu, SL
Zhang, XF
AF Liu, Songli
Zhang, Xuefeng
BE Chen, S
Liu, ZT
Zeng, QZ
TI Experimental Study on Extracting Scandium from HCl Leachate of Chloride
Dust
SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY RESEARCH II, PTS 1-3
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced
Materials (CEAM 2012)
CY JUL 13-15, 2012
CL Guangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE scandium; the orthogonal experiment; extracting; chloride dust
AB Solvent extraction experiment of Sc was investigated. The extraction system
consisted of 25% TBP+60% sulfonated kerosene +15% reforming agents. The results
show that the extraction rates of Sc can reach up to 95%. The removing of Fe, Mn
and Ti can be reached 99.1%, 99.4% and 99.5% respectively. The anti-extraction
rates from organic phase with NaOH reach up to 99.7 % with effective separation
from Fe, Mn and Ti.
Scandium oxide is a rare of the rare earth oxides, Which is widely used in both
cutting-edge scientific areas([1-7]) such as defense, aerospace, nuclear
technology, laser, superconductor and industry,everyday life. At present, the
development and application on Scandium are scandium aluminum alloy, the
manufacturing of solid oxide fuel cell and Sc-sodium lamps, its demand will
increase sharply and rise prices, scandium has become one of the most precious of
metals.
Panzhihua vanadium-titanium magnetite is a symbiosis of polymetallic deposit,
which also contains about 250,000 tons scandium. In existing mineral-smelting
processes on vanadium-titanium magnetite, scandium-major enrichment are titanium
concentrates, processing titanium tailings, blast furnace slag, high-titanium slag
of furnace, chloride dust,waste molten chloride melts and waste acid by sulfuric
acid process of titanium dioxide. Chloride dust is a containing scandium dust by
condensation device from boiling chloride of high titanium slag, its main form is
ScCl3, which contains highest scandium volume, using water or dilute acid leaching
can transfer scandium to solution for the recovery. Currently, as the industrial
development such as sponge titanium and chloride titanium dioxide, chloride dust
resources are adequate, which can provide adequate of extracting scandium raw
materials. Therefore, extracting scandium from chloride dust has good development
prospects. With HCl leachate of chloride dust as raw material, extraction
technology conditions of the scandium were systematic studied, the optimum
extraction conditions of scandium have been received, coarse grade of scandium
oxide has reached 95%, the results are of great practical significance on the
rational use of scandium resources.
C1 [Liu, Songli; Zhang, Xuefeng] Panzhihua Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Coll, Panzhihua
617000, Sichuan Provinc, Peoples R China.
C3 Panzhihua University
RP Liu, SL (corresponding author), Panzhihua Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Coll, Panzhihua
617000, Sichuan Provinc, Peoples R China.
EM pzhlsll@163.com; wzyzxf@126.com
CR Mao, 2006, INORG CHEM IND, V38, P51
[王克勤 WANG Keqin], 2008, [轻金属, Light Metals], P16
Zhang Guifang, 2007, NONFERROUS METAL, P10
Zhang Guifang, 2007, CHINA MINING, V16, P66
Zhang Zhongbao, 2006, YUNNAN METALLURGY, V35, P23
Zhang Zonghua, 2006, TOMBARTHITE, V27, P33
Zhang Zonghua, 2006, MINERALS INTEGRATED, P36
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 13
PI STAFA-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-456-3
PY 2012
VL 554-556
BP 2054
EP 2057
PG 4
WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BFC29
UT WOS:000319169701128
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, YC
Zhang, JL
Jiang, Q
Luo, GP
Yu, WW
AF Wang, Yici
Zhang, Jianliang
Jiang, Qi
Luo, Guoping
Yu, Wenwu
BE Kao, JCM
Sung, WP
Chen, R
TI Crystallization behavior during preparation of glass-ceramics from BF
slag of Baotou iron and steel company
SO FRONTIERS OF MATERIALS, CHEMICAL AND METALLURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, PTS 1
AND 2
LA English
CT International Conference on Chemical Engineering, Metallurgical
Engineering and Metallic Materials (CMMM 2012)
CY OCT 12-13, 2012
CL Kunming, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE BF slag; glass-ceramics; crystallization behavior; special components
AB In this paper, the crystallization behavior including crystallization
temperature, nucleation temperature, microstructure of glass-ceramics and crystal
phase composition during preparation of glass-ceramics by melting method from blast
furnace(BF) slag of Baotou iron and steel company, quartz sand and other materials
was investigated using differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffiaction and
scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the crystallization peak
temperatures of the parent glasses are 962 similar to 966 degrees C when the ratio
of blast furnace slag changes from 20% to 50%, and uniform, compact grains in the
prepared glass-ceramics are obtained, whose diameters are about 0.2-0.51 mu m. In
addition, the major crystalline phases are identified as diopside(Ca(Mg,Al)(Si,Al)
(2)O-6) and diopside containing aluminum(Ca(Mg0.5Al0.5)(Al0.5Si1.5O6), and the
mechanical properties of glass-ceramics are good, among which the flexural strength
is more than 110Mpa. The results have theoretical guidance meaning and practical
reference value for realizing industrial production of preparation of glass-
ceramics from BF slag of Baotou iron and steel company.
C1 [Wang, Yici; Zhang, Jianliang; Luo, Guoping] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Coll
Met & Ecol Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Yici; Jiang, Qi; Luo, Guoping; Yu, Wenwu] Inner Mongolia Univ Sci &
Technol, Coll Mat & Met, Baotou 014010, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Science & Technology Beijing; Inner Mongolia University of
RP Wang, YC (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Coll Met & Ecol
EM wangyici01060@163.com; jl.zhang@metall.ustb.edu.cn; 41276661@qq.com;
luoguoping3@126.com; 114470659@qq.com
RI Yu, Wenwu/G-5496-2012
OI Yu, Wenwu/0000-0003-0301-9180
FU Major Project of Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation [2011ZD06];
Research Projects of Inner Mongolia Colleges and Universities
[NJZZ11141]
FX The research work in this paper was financially supported by the Major
Project of Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation (2011ZD06) and
Research Projects of Inner Mongolia Colleges and Universities
(NJZZ11141).
CR [Anonymous], BASHINIANDAI ZHONGGU
Francis M A. A., 1998, J EUROPEAN CERAMIC S, V24, P2819
Lin D. L., 2007, PROCESS RES TECHNICA
Liu X. G., 1998, SCI TECHNOLOGY BAOTO, V26, P35
Liu Z. W., 2006, SCI TECHNOLOGY LAIWU, P49
Lu H. X., 2008, BRICK TILE, P42
Wang ZJ, 2010, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V356, P1554, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.05.063
XIAO H. N., 2003, SCI ART CERAMIC, P42
Yu C. L., 1998, SCI TECHNOLOGY BAOTO, V37, P87
Zhang W., 1998, J XINJIANG U, V27, P209
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 9
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-512-6
PY 2012
VL 581-582
BP 836
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Chemical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BEQ63
UT WOS:000317696700185
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, TM
Yang, SB
Zhao, KW
Wang, XH
Zeng, JH
Chen, Y
Chen, L
Pan, H
AF Chen Tian-ming
Yang Su-bo
Zhao Ke-wen
Wang Xin-hua
Zeng Jian-hua
Chen Yong
Chen Liang
Pan Hong
TI Development of Ultra-Low Oxygen Automobile Gear Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE automobile gear steel; converter; bloom continuous casting; deoxidizing;
composition of ladle slag
ID ALUMINUM; SLAG
AB In view of process conditions of Vanadium Recovery and Steelmaking Plant, Pan
Gang Group Panzhihua steel and Vanadium Co.,Ltd., and on the basis of making choice
of a reasonable deoxidization process, some measures have been taken to the
development of automobile gear steel (20CrMoH) such as the pre-refining technology
during converter tapping, "white slag" refining in LF, RH Vacuum treatment, and
even protective casting technology. Also different and suitable models of argon
blowing from bottom of ladle were adopted in the platform after converter, LF
refining and calcium treatment. Test results show that the high cleanness 20CrMoH
gear steel slab with T[O] <= 15x10(-6)(The average T[O] is 11.8x10(-6)) could be
obtained through all these measures.
C1 [Chen Tian-ming; Yang Su-bo; Zhao Ke-wen; Zeng Jian-hua; Chen Yong; Chen Liang;
Pan Hong] PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[Zhao Ke-wen; Wang Xin-hua] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Met & Ecol Engn Sch,
RP Chen, TM (corresponding author), PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, Chengdu 611731,
RI Wang, Xin/JCE-2009-2023; Wang, Xin/AAN-8435-2021
CR NORDBERG H, 1981, ISIJ INT, V44, P195
SEO JD, 1999 STEELMAKING CON, P455
WANG XH, 2006, CLEAN STEEL PRODUCTI, P23
ZHANG J, 1993, THEORY PRACTICE SECO, P144
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 7
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 18
SU 2
BP 406
EP 410
PG 5
GA 820VF
UT WOS:000294933500062
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, JH
Zhang, M
Chen, Y
He, SP
Wang, Q
AF Zeng Jian-hua
Zhang Min
Chen Yong
He Sheng-ping
Wang Qian
TI Study on LF Refining Slag and Slagging Regime of High-Aluminium Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE high aluminium steel; refining slag; thermodynamics; desulfurization;
inclusion
ID CLEANLINESS; IMPROVEMENT
AB During secondary refining of molten steel, reaction of steel-slag has great
influence on the quality of steel. Taking high aluminium steel ([Al]>= 0.8%) for
instance, reaction control of 4[Al]+3(SiO(2)) = 2(Al(2)O(3))+3[Si] was discussed by
both thermodynamics calculation and industrial experiments. The results show that
content of silicon increased sharply when content of SiO2 in slag exceeded 10%. In
order to prevent the increment of silicon content and reoxidation for high
aluminium steel, reasonable component range of LF refining slag is:
%CaO/%Al(2)O(3)=1.6-1.9, %SiO2 <10. Results of the industrial experiments indicate
that the CaO-Al(2)O(3) based refining slag has strong ability of desulfurization
and inclusion absorption. Average desulfurization rate is 80%, and T[O] reduces
above 50% after refining, with the average sulfur content and T[O] about 0.0025%
and 11x10(-6),respectively, which can meet the requirements of secondary refining
and obtain good castability of steel in continuous casting process.
C1 [Zeng Jian-hua; Zhang Min; Chen Yong] PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, Chengdu
611731, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[He Sheng-ping; Wang Qian] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
RP Zeng, JH (corresponding author), PanGang Grp Res Inst Co Ltd, Chengdu 611731,
CR Huang X. H., 2002, PRINCIPLES STEEL MET
Lilja J, 1996, SCAND J METALL, V25, P65
RIBOUD P, 1985, REV METALL-PARIS, V82, P801
ZHANG J, 1998, CALCULATION THERMODY, P359
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD AUG
PY 2011
VL 18
SU 2
BP 201
EP 206
PG 6
GA 820VF
UT WOS:000294933500032
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Heiko, D
Gerald, K
Juergen, C
Klaus, W
AF Heiko, Dettela
Gerald, Klenner
Juergen, Cappel
Klaus, Wuennenberg
TI Non-Metallic Inclusions in HSLA Steel - Origin, Detection and Refractory
Systems to Improve Cleanness
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on High Strength Low Alloy Steels (HSLA
Steels 2011)
CY MAY 31-JUN 02, 2011
CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE extra low contents of P, S and H; Extraction metallurgy; Ca-treatment;
control of slag carry-over; shrouding; flow control; separation of
inclusions; inspection systems
AB HSLA steels need extremely low levels of tramp elements like P, S, H and O(t).
During tapping the steel is deoxidized with aluminum and in the secondary
metallurgy sulphur (< 10 ppm) and hydrogen (< I ppm) are extracted. After tank
degassing the steel is strongly Ca-treated by wire feeding to form CaS instead of
MnS.Non-metallic inclusions in the steel and centre segregation with MnS are sinks
for hydrogen which result in HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking). Therefore these
steels ask for excellent oxide cleanness and S-contents of < 10 ppm. Macro
inclusions of > 50 mu m are harmful for the product. These large inclusions are
seldom and difficult to be detected. Small inclusions of < 15 mu m do no harm to
the product. The origin of non-metallic inclusions is, roughly spoken, one third
each of de-oxidation- / reoxidation products, refractory and casting powder. Slag
carry-over is mainly avoided by sensitive electronic devices.Slag covers and
shrouding systems of the steel stream during the transfer of metal between ladle,
tundish and mold are effective to avoid reoxidation. Systems to control the flow of
steel in tundish and mold favor the floatation of inclusions and their even
distribution in the strand.
C1 [Heiko, Dettela] RHI AG, Lianoing 115007, Bayuquan, Peoples R China.
[Gerald, Klenner] RHI AG, A-1100 Vienna, Austria.
[Juergen, Cappel] Cappel Stahl Consulting, D-40667 Meerbusch, Germany.
[Klaus, Wuennenberg] Steel Consulting, D-47249 Duisburg, Germany.
RP Heiko, D (corresponding author), RHI AG, Lianoing 115007, Bayuquan, Peoples R
China.
CR BADING W, 1987, P INT C SEC MET AACH, P367
CAPPEL J, 2004, 1 CHIN GERM MET SEM
DIJK J, 1993, PHYS, V20, P75
FRITZ E, 1997, STEEL TIMES INT, P364
FRITZ E, 1988, STAHL EISEN, V108, P25
Jacobi H, 1996, STAHL EISEN, V116, P59
JACOBI H, 2001, CC MAT FUND PRACT AP
JACOBI H, INVESTIGATIONS RELAT
JACOBI H, 1999, 2 EUR CONT CAST C DU, P46
KAI T, 1980, T IRON STEEL I, V20, pB506
KITAMURA M, 1981, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V21, pB70
KITAMURA M, 1981, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V21, pB67
MARSH RC, 1999, AISE STEEL TECHNOLOG, P40
Millman S, 2004, IISI STUDY CLEAN STE, P39
PETRY S, 2003, PHYS, V123, P103
WUENNENBERG K, 1993, P C CONT CAST STEEL, P253
WUENNENBERG K, 2008, P 2008 INT S CLEAN S, P10
WUNNENBERG IK, STATE ART PROCESSING
WUNNENBERG K, P 5 EUR CONT CAST C
WUNNENBERG K, 2008, P AISTECH IR STEEL T, P1
1989, I SM JUN, P5
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD MAY
PY 2011
VL 18
SU 1
BP 521
EP 529
PN 1
PG 9
GA 785KX
UT WOS:000292229000089
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Guo, YF
Wang, SH
Jin, GQ
AF Guo, Yufeng
Wang, Shuhuan
Jin, Gangqiang
BE Jiao, S
Jiang, ZY
Bu, JL
TI The study of nitrogen absorption with slagging in high nitrogen steels
smelted by high pressure and bottom-blowing nitrogen
SO ADVANCES IN SUPERALLOYS, PTS 1 AND 2
LA English
Processes
CY NOV 06-08, 2010
CL Shenzhen, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE high-pressure and bottom-blowing; high nitrogen steels; nitrogen
content; slag; CaF2
AB The experiment studied the influence of slag system on nitrogen content in high
nitrogen steels which refined by the method of high-pressure and bottom-blowing
nitrogen under the conditions of 1.0Mpa. The results shows that nitrogen content
are up to 1.0% without the over of slag, and after adding slag, nitrogen content
are up to 1.39%; Alkalinity of protecting slag has little effect on the nitrogen
content, however, there are very effective to increase nitrogen after using CaF2
instead of SiO2,and its nitrogen content are as high as 1.48%; the effect of
increasing nitrogen are clear by adding no more than 0.5% pure aluminum, but when
aluminum content are more than 0.5%, the nitrogen content in steel are not change
significantly, meanwhile, if adding CaF2 slag system, it will be more effective
increase nitrogen than only adding pure aluminum.
C1 [Guo, Yufeng; Wang, Shuhuan; Jin, Gangqiang] Hebei Polytech Univ, Sch Met &
C3 North China University of Science & Technology
RP Guo, YF (corresponding author), Hebei Polytech Univ, Sch Met & Energy, Tangshan
EM guo_yufeng2001@yahoo.com.cn; wshh88@heut.edu.cn
RI YI, J/JJE-7713-2023
CR GAO AM, 2008, CHINESE J PROCESS EN, V8, P243
JIANG GC, 1996, CLEAN STEEL SECONDAR, P268
KATSUTOMO T, 1991, NITRIDE CAPACITY CAO, V31, P1316
MARTINEZ E, 1987, STEEL RES, V58, P485, DOI 10.1002/srin.198700253
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-0-87849-200-8
PY 2011
VL 146-147
BP 1120
EP +
PG 2
Engineering
GA BUE36
UT WOS:000289006800220
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Li, Q
Wang, XH
Li, HB
AF Li, Qiang
Wang, Xinhua
Li, Haibo
BE Sang, XM
Wang, PC
Ai, L
Li, YG
Bu, JL
TI Effect of Slag-Metal Reaction on Transformation of
Al2O3 inclusions in Pipeline Steel
LA English
CY JUL 29-31, 2011
DE slag-metal reaction; ladle slag control; transformation of inclusions
ID DEOXIDATION EQUILIBRIA; THERMODYNAMICS
AB For high grade pipeline steel, elimination of Al2O3 inclusions can improve the
susceptibility of hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and stress corrosion cracking
(SCC). In the present work, the transformation of Al2O3 inclusions with slag-metal
reaction was studied by controlling ladle slag and relative technologies in LF-RH
refining process. It is found that Al2O3 inclusions decrease with increasing
refining time, and no pure Al2O3 inclusions exist in molten steel at the end of
secondary refining; the remained inclusions in molten steel are liquid calcium
aluminates and semi-liquid CaO-MgO-Al2O3 complex inclusions. The analysis of
thermodynamic equilibrium proves that CaO and MgO in slag can be reduced by
aluminum in molten steel, which is the source of calcium and magnesium in molten
steel.
C1 [Li, Qiang; Wang, Xinhua] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol, Beijing
[Li, Haibo] Shousteel Res Inst, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
RP Li, Q (corresponding author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Met & Ecol,
EM ahutliqiang@163.com; wangxinhua@sohu.com; lhb2002@126.com
RI LI, Qiang/HLQ-6133-2023
OI LI, Qiang/0000-0001-5568-2334
CR Elboujdaini M, 1996, J SOLID STATE ELECTR, V58, P24
Lupis C H, 1983, CHEM THERMO IN PRESS
Wang X H, 2008, IRON STEEL, V12, P28
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-191-3
PY 2011
VL 284-286
BP 1143
EP +
PN 1-3
PG 2
Science, Composites
GA BZS09
UT WOS:000302669800231
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, HC
Sun, W
Wang, JJ
Lie, J
Wang, KZ
Wu, J
AF Wang Hai-chuan
Sun Wei
Wang Jian-jun
Lie Jie
Wang Kai-Zhong
Wu Jian
BE Li, G
Huang, Y
Chen, C
TI A Study on Smelting Cold Heading Steel SWRCH6A Using Double-slag Process
SO ADVANCED BUILDING MATERIALS, PTS 1-4
LA English
CT 1st International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and
Building Materials (CEABM 2011)
CY JUN 18-20, 2011
CL Haikou, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE double-slag process; cold heading steel; composition control;
microstructure; property
AB The paper carries out a study on the composition control of smelting low-carbon
low-silicon and high-aluminum cold heading steel SWRCH6A using double-slag process
for converter at No.3 General Plant of Steelmaking & Rolling of Masteel, analyzes
carbon increasing and silicon increasing status in each smelting process, and
studies the mechanical properties, microstructure and inclusion ratings of test
steel samples. These results indicate that in smelting process the average carbon
increasing Delta w[C]=0.014%, the average silicon increasing Delta w[Si]=0.030%,
the average content w[Al]s is 0.030% and w[Al]s fluctuates from 0.015% to 0.041%,,
but all targets of test steel samples meet the requirements of cold heading steel
SWRCH6A.
C1 [Wang Hai-chuan; Wang Jian-jun; Lie Jie] AHUT, Sch Met & Resources, Maanshan
[Sun Wei; Wang Kai-Zhong; Wu Jian] Maanshan Iron & Steel Co Ltd, Anhui 243000,
RP Wang, HC (corresponding author), AHUT, Sch Met & Resources, Maanshan 243002,
Anhui, Peoples R China.
FU The National Science & Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh
Five-year Plan Period [2007DAE30B01]
FX The authors are grateful to The National Science & Technology Pillar
Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period (No. 2007DAE30B01) for the
financial support of this work .
CR SUN Wei, 2010, STEELMAKING IN PRESS, V26
SUN Wei, 2005, STEELMAKING, V21, P34
WANG Kaizhong, 2006, JIANGXI METALLURGY, V26, P13
WEN Dezhi, 2004, STEELMAKING, V20, P31
XI Caihong, 2006, JIANGXI METALLURGY, V26, p[17, 22]
XI Caihong, 2006, JIANGXI METALLURGY, V26, P17
ZHENG Shusheng, 2006, SHANDONG METALLURGY, V28, P11
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-127-2
PY 2011
VL 250-253
IS 1-4
BP 148
EP +
PG 2
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Engineering, Civil
GA BAF47
UT WOS:000304018400025
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, JL
Sun, XW
Tan, FH
AF Wang, Jianling
Sun, Xiuwei
Tan, Fuheng
BE Liu, XH
Jiang, ZY
Han, JT
TI Analysis of Defects of Aluminum Alloys in the Lost Foam Process and
Prevention Methods
SO MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS, PTS 1-2
LA English
Processes
CY NOV 06-08, 2010
CL Shenzhen, PEOPLES R CHINA
DE Al alloy; Lost foam process; Defects analysis; Prevention measures
AB The reasons and the prevention methods for common defects during the lost foam
process of Al alloy have been analyzed, such as casting deformation, cold shut,
misrun, cockle, porosity, pinhole, hydrogen gas pick-up, oxidation, slag inclusion,
shrinkage, grain coarsening, poor air tightness, sinking shape, filling-shortage
etc. These above problems are explored from different angles to orientate processes
with foam pattern, coating, dry sand, aluminum alloy melting, pouring etc.
C1 [Wang, Jianling; Sun, Xiuwei] Tangshan Coll, Tangshan 063600, Peoples R China.
[Tan, Fuheng] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
C3 University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
RP Wang, JL (corresponding author), Tangshan Coll, Tangshan 063600, Peoples R
China.
EM tsswjl2008@163.com
CR Gao Chengxun, 2008, CHIN 3 INT C EPC PAP, V25, P115
Luo Qiquan, 2005, SMELTING CASTING ALU
Newell MA, 2005, POWDER METALL, V48, P227, DOI 10.1179/174329005X71920
Sun Ping, 2009, Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys, V29, P288, DOI
10.3870/tzzz.2009.03.032
Wu Guohua, 1999, SPECIAL CASTING NONF, P39
Zhang Zhou, 2006, MODERN CAST IRON, V26, P92
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-0-87849-201-5
PY 2011
VL 148-149
BP 191
EP +
PG 2
GA BUH88
UT WOS:000289402400034
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Wang, SM
Zhang, JH
Liu, HM
AF Wang, Shuoming
Zhang, Jinhong
Liu, Haoming
BE Wang, PC
Ai, L
Li, YG
Sang, XM
Bu, JL
TI Control of nitrogen in Al-killed steel by converter flow
SO MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PTS 1-3
LA English
CY JUL 29-31, 2011
DE Al-killed steel; nitrogen content; deoxygenation
AB This paper analyses and studies control of nitrogen on Al- killed steel using
the methods of production experiment in the flow of molten iron pretreatment - 180t
converter - LF refining - continuous caster. Results show that adding aluminum
final deoxidization should be divided into two steps: Firstly, putting some
aluminum into molten steel after adding alloy in the process of tapping of molten
steel, making the [O] reduce to 6 similar to 7ppm. Secondly, adding aluminum wire
in LF-refining making [O] and [N] reach the required values. LF-refining should try
to shorten operating time and original mission ought to be finished ahead.
Desulfurization should be completed in the flow of molten iron pretreatment and the
tapping of molten steel. Process of removal inclusions should be accomplished by
adding slag during tapping of molten steel and blowing-mixing. LF-refining has
scarcely any slagging task, it only needs to complete adjustment ingredient task.
Alloy and carburant which contains extremely low nitrogen should be choosed, so
that nitrogen in molten steel can be steadily controled below 30ppm.
C1 [Wang, Shuoming; Zhang, Jinhong] Hebei Union Univ, Coll Met Energy Resources,
Tangshan 063009, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Haoming] Caofeidian Safety Inspect Bur, Tangshan 063200, Peoples R China.
C3 North China University of Science & Technology
RP Wang, SM (corresponding author), Hebei Union Univ, Coll Met Energy Resources,
Tangshan 063009, Peoples R China.
EM wsm_ts@163.com; zhangjinhong001@163.com; liuhaoming@163.com
CR Gao H.C., 2004, STEELMAKING, V20, P10
Liu C, 2006, SPECIAL STEEL, V27, P33
[刘阳春 LIU Yangchun], 2007, [钢铁, Iron and Steel], V42, P23
Zhao Y.Z., 2008, BENGANG TECHNOLOGY, P21
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 1022-6680
BN 978-3-03785-194-4
PY 2011
VL 295-297
BP 1055
EP +
PN 1-3
PG 2
GA BZS01
UT WOS:000302661500219
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Xu, JF
Zhang, JY
Jie, C
Ruan, F
Chou, KC
AF Xu, Jifang
Zhang, Jieyu
Jie, Chang
Ruan, Fei
Chou, Kuochih
BE Hwang, J
Drelich, J
Downey, J
Jiang, T
Cooksey, M
TI EFFECT OF OXYGEN TO ALUMINA RATIO ON THE VISCOSITY OF ALUMINOSILICATE
AND ALUMINATE SYSTEMS
SO 2ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE METALLURGICAL PROCESSING
LA English
CT 2nd International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing
held during the TMS 140th Annual Meeting & Exhibition
CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 2011
CL San Diego, CA
DE viscosity; aluminosilicate and aluminate systems; oxygen to alumina
ratio
ID FULLY LIQUID SLAGS; STRUCTURAL ROLE; MELTS; MODEL; SILICATE
AB Viscosity is an important physical parameter of slag in metallurgical processes.
Most studies of aluminosilicate and aluminate systems assume that aluminum occurs
in tetrahedral coordination. In this case, the O/Al value was utilized to describe
the slag structure in terms of the network character of aluminosilicate and
aluminate systems. Composition and viscosity data from the literature and the
trends were analyzed according to the O/Al value and temperature. It is shown that
the O/Al value explains the trends in more than ten systems, containing more than
200 data points. In aluminosilicate system, the trend that viscosity value changed
with the O/Al value which implies that alumina works as network modifier such as
basic oxides or works as network former. In aluminate system, irrespective of the
system and temperature, viscosity decreased steadily when O/Al value increased.
C1 [Xu, Jifang; Zhang, Jieyu; Jie, Chang; Ruan, Fei; Chou, Kuochih] Shanghai Univ,
Shanghai Key Lab Modem Met & Mat Proc, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, JF (corresponding author), Shanghai Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Modem Met & Mat
Proc, Shanghai 200072, Peoples R China.
CR Behera RC, 2001, ISIJ INT, V41, P834, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.41.834
Behera RC, 2001, ISIJ INT, V41, P827, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.41.827
Kondratiev A, 2006, ISIJ INT, V46, P368, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.46.368
0053-9
KOU T, 1978, J JPN I MET, V42, P775, DOI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.42.8_775
Kozakevitch Paul, 1961, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY P, P97
2916.1952.tb13057.x
2916.1948.tb14290.x
2916.1954.tb14019.x
2916.1945.tb14500.x
Mysen B, 1997, CONTRIB MINERAL PETR, V127, P104, DOI 10.1007/s004100050268
RICHARDSON FD, 1974, PHYS CHEM MELTS META, V1, P81
Sankaranarayanan S.R., 1992, THESIS DREXEL U, P80
Santhy K, 2005, ISIJ INT, V45, P1014, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.45.1014
Turkdogan E.T., 1960, BR CERAM SOC B, V39, P682
7037(82)90059-X
Verein Deutscher Eisenhuttenleute, 1995, SLAG ATLAS, P356
Vidacak B, 2001, METALL MATER TRANS B, V32, P679, DOI 10.1007/s11663-001-0122-7
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PI CHICHESTER
BN 978-1-11802-938-1
PY 2011
BP 161
EP 168
PG 8
GA BGV59
UT WOS:000324306200020
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, TQ
Ma, LC
Hu, ZH
AF Li Tai-quan
Ma Lian-chang
Hu Zhao-hui
TI The Key Arts Study of X80 Pipeline Steel
LA English
DT Article
DE X80 pipeline steel; inclusions; key arts
ID SLAGS
AB The key arts and key teches were studied in the paper with oxygen, sulphur,
nitrogen and inclusions controlling during X80 pipeline steel making. While the
contents of [%O] were to be from 0.0003% to 0.0005%, the contents of the total
oxygen were nearly from the inclusions to be wiped off with Ca-treatment, Ar-
blowing, vacuum treatment and tundish-function, also the whole steel-protecting
were to be needed; The key to control the contents of [%S] were to make the low-
FeO-contents slag, and keep the super low contents of [%O] in the steel, and it was
better to rapidly desulfurize to input the aluminium by one time during the initial
stages of LF refine; There were three key taches to add the contents of [%N], for
bad whole steel-protecting during the transportation and the casting, tapping and
LF refine processs, and there vacuum treatment was good to remove the contents of
[%N]. To control the appropriate contents of [%O], [%S],[%Al] and [%Ca] were better
for the inclusions treatment. While the contents of [%O] were from 3x10(-6) to
5x10(-6), the contents of [%S] needed to be below (25.8 similar to 43)x10(-6) and
(21.6 similar to 36)x10(-6) at 1873K and 1923K respectively.
C1 [Li Tai-quan; Ma Lian-chang; Hu Zhao-hui] New Steel Making Plant Handan Iron &
Steel Co, Handan 056015, Hebei, Peoples R China.
RP Li, TQ (corresponding author), New Steel Making Plant Handan Iron & Steel Co,
Handan 056015, Hebei, Peoples R China.
RI hu, zhaohui/JMC-4500-2023
CR Huang X. H., 2002, PRINCIPLES FERROUS M
YOUNG RW, 1992, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V19, P201
ZHANG CJ, 2002, IRON STEEL, V18, P40
ZHANG DL, 2003, RES IRON STEEL, V31, P16
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD DEC
PY 2010
VL 17
SU 2
BP 98
EP 102
PG 5
GA 785KV
UT WOS:000292228800018
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Mansurov, Z
Kolesnikov, B
Zhilisbayeva, R
Tankibayeva, M
AF Mansurov, Zulhair
Kolesnikov, Boris
Zhilisbayeva, Raushan
Tankibayeva, Mereke
BE Albu, L
Deselnicu, V
TI OBTAINING OF NEW FIREPROOFED COMPOSITION MATERIAL
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND SYSTEMS
LA English
CT 3rd International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems
CY SEP 16-18, 2010
CL Bucharest, ROMANIA
DE metallurgists' protective cloth; new fireproofed composition material;
fire retarder
AB According to theoretical consideration of metallurgists' protective clothes
reliability increase problem all the major questions, connected with obtaining of
new kinds of composite materials and their properties regulated by special
requirements, were experimentally studied. The choice of the research objects was
defined by the primary goals following from results of theoretical research,
concerning material physical mechanical properties conservation after its long
contact with particles of the fused metal. The developed new composite material for
protective clothes contains binding with each other by needle pin piercing method
heat-shielding blade in the form of gray military cloth processed by fire retarder
and silica fabric impregnated by siliceous structure - a powder of zoo slag,
dissolved in liquid glass on face sheet of which the layer of aluminum is
evaporated. On the basis of experimental research and theoretical generalizations
it was proved that the protection of a fabric from damage at contact with liquid
metal is possible by a finding of such components of fireproof structures, which
prevent defeat (at their drawing on a surface of a suit) of the last due to thermal
processes of decomposition with carbonization and intumescence. The gray military
cloth, being a fabric from natural fibers, provides hygiene of the back layer of a
composite material besides itself concerns to group of heat-resistant fabrics. The
layer of the aluminum which has been evaporated on a face sheet of the impregnated
silica fabric strengthens effect of molten metal drops kickback from a composite
material, and also provides the maximal reflection of thermal radiation.
C1 [Mansurov, Zulhair; Kolesnikov, Boris] al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Alma Ata,
Kazakhstan.
C3 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
RP Mansurov, Z (corresponding author), al Farabi Kazakh Natl Univ, Alma Ata,
Kazakhstan.
EM zmansurov@kaznu.kz; rau_45@mail.ru
RI Mansurov, Zulkhair/C-6090-2017
OI Mansurov, Zulkhair/0000-0002-8956-216X; Zhilisbayeva,
Raushan/0000-0002-5722-4617
CR JILISBAEVA RO, 2006, MONOGRAPH DESIGNING
Mikheyev M.A., 1960, BRIEF COURSE HEAT TR
12417689 GOST
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU INCDTP-ICPI
PI BUCHAREST
PA ION MINULESCU 93, 3RD SECTOR, BUCHAREST, 031215, ROMANIA
PY 2010
BP 79
EP 84
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management
Science; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science; Materials
Science
GA BVJ62
UT WOS:000291667100013
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Damerval, C
Tavernier, H
Avedian, L
Disant, P
Delfosse, P
Cornille, M
Galpin, JM
AF Damerval, C.
Tavernier, H.
Avedian, L.
Disant, P.
Delfosse, P.
Cornille, M.
Galpin, J. -M.
TI Ultra low aluminium DWI grade development of an atypical continuous
casting powder with high viscosity
SO REVUE DE METALLURGIE-CAHIERS D INFORMATIONS TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
AB ArcelorMittal Dunkerque developed the Ultra Low Aluminium DWI grades to improve
the rejection rate when deep drawing beverage cans. The industrialisation of this
grade was realized by ArcelorMittal Dunkerque in cooperation with DAMET to develop
the continuous casting powder in order to decrease the sliver defect rate. The
comparison of the slag analysis during casting of the standard DWI and Ultra Low
Aluminium DWI grades and the examination of the infiltration phenomena and the
inclusion pick up, led to formulate a new continuous casting powder. Two successive
evolutions have been tested to achieve the final one, referenced Melubir G-SLA/10P.
This high viscosity powder is significantly atypical for a conventional casting
powder used on slab casters for normal carbon grades. This development reduced
significantly the defect and rejection rates of the finished coils.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU REVUE DE METALLURGIE
PI LA PLAINE SAINT-DENIS CEDEX
PA 5 RUE LUIGI CHERUBINI, 93212 LA PLAINE SAINT-DENIS CEDEX, FRANCE
SN 0035-1563
J9 REV METALL-PARIS
JI Rev. Metall.-Cah. Inf. Techn.
PD JUN
PY 2009
VL 106
IS 6
BP 242
EP 247
DI 10.1051/metal/2009040
PG 6
GA 475VP
UT WOS:000268391500003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Choi, WK
Song, PS
Min, BY
Oh, WZ
Jung, CH
AF Choi, W. K.
Song, P. S.
Min, B. Y.
Oh, W. Z.
Jung, C. H.
GP ASME
TI MELTING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STAINLESS STEEL GENERATED FROM THE
URANIUM CONVERSION PLANT
SO ICEM2007: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT, PTS A AND B
LA English
CT 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and
Radioactive Waste Management
CY SEP 02-06, 2007
CL Bruges, BELGIUM
ID DECONTAMINATION; IMMOBILIZATION; WASTE
AB The partition ratio of cerium (Ce) and uranium (U) in the ingot, slag and dust
phases has been investigated for the effect of the slag type, slag concentration
and basicity in an electric arc melting process. An electric arc furnace (EAF) was
used to melt the stainless steel wastes, simulated by uranium oxide and the real
wastes from the uranium conversion plant in Korea Atomic Energy Research
Institute(KAERI). The composition of the slag former used to capture the
contaminants such as uranium, cerium, and cesium during the melt decontamination
process generally consisted of silica (SiO(2)), calcium oxide (CaO) md aluminum
oxide (Al(2)O(3)). Also, Calcium fluoride (CaF(2)), nickel oxide (NiO), and ferric
oxide (Fe(2)O(3)) were added to provide an increase in the slag fluidity and
oxidative potential. Cerium was used as a surrogate for the uranium because the
thermochemical and physical properties of cerium are very similar to those of
uranium. Cerium was removed from the ingot phase to slag phase by up to 99% in this
study. The absorption ratio of cerium was increased with an increase of the amount
of the slag former. And the maximum removal of cerium occurred when the basicity
index of the slag former was 0.82. The natural uranium (UO(2)) was partitioned from
the ingot phase to the slag phase by up to 95%. The absorption of the natural
uranium was considerably dependent on the basicity index of the slag former and the
composition of the slag former. The optimum condition for the removal of the
uranium was about 1.5 for the basicity index and 15wt% of the slag former.
According to the increase of the amount of slag former, the absorption of uranium
oxide in the slag phase was linearly increased due to an increase of its capacity
to capture uranium oxide within the slag phase. Through experiments with various
slag formers, we verified that the slag formers containing calcium fluoride
(CaF(2)) and a high amount of silica were more effective for a melt decontamination
of stainless steel wastes contaminated with uranium. During the melting tests with
stainless steel wastes from the uranium conversion plant(UCP) in KAERI, we found
that the results of the uranium decontamination were very similar to those of the
uranium oxide from the melting of stimulated metal wastes.
CR Abe M., 1985, Waste Management '85. Waste Isolation in the U.S., Technical
Programs and Public Education, P375
Anigstein R, 2001, POTENTIAL RECYCLING
ATTERIDGE DG, 1994, WINCO1224
BUCKLEY M, 2004, 11426TR0001 NCC LTD
10.1016/0191-815X(81)90004-8
JOANNA MRB, 1996, SAND960902
LDEDBRINK FW, 1993, P TECHN SEM MELT REC, P173
REN XW, 1994, P INT TOP M NUCL HAZ
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-4339-0
PY 2009
BP 919
EP 924
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BKQ11
UT WOS:000268927100146
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Lv, XW
Zhang, LF
Bai, CG
AF Lv, Xuewei
Zhang, Lifeng
Bai, Chenguang
GP TMS
TI REMOVAL OF IMPURITY ELEMENTS FROM THE MOLTEN ALUMINIUM: MODELING AND
VALIDATION
SO TMS 2009 138TH ANNUAL MEETING & EXHIBITION - SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS,
VOL 3: GENERAL PAPER SELECTIONS
LA English
CT 138th TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY FEB 15-19, 2009
DE Mathematical Modeling; Aluminium; Impurity Elements
ID HYDROGEN; BUBBLES; GAS
AB In order to remove impurity elements like H, Na, Ca, Li from the molten
aluminium, many processes, such as injecting inert or reactive gases, reactive or
unreactive powders, and slag refining, have been used in last several decades. In
the current paper, mathematical models for the removal of impurity elements from
molten aluminium in the batch and continuous reactor were developed and validated
with industrial measurements.
C1 [Lv, Xuewei; Zhang, Lifeng] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Lv, Xuewei; Bai, Chenguang] Chongqing Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Chongqing
Technology; Chongqing University
RP Lv, XW (corresponding author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM lvxuewei@163.com; zhanglife@mst.edu
RI Bai, Chen-Guang/ABC-6092-2021
CR DAVIDSON L, 1956, AICHE J, V2, P337, DOI 10.1002/aic.690020309
DUBE G, 1983, LIGHT MET, P991
HJELLE O, 1985, REFINING ALLOYING LI, P345
PEEBLES FN, 1953, CHEM ENG PROG, V49, P88
SEVIK M, 1973, J FLUIDS ENG, V95, P8
[No title captured]
[No title captured]
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
BN 978-0-87339-740-7
PY 2009
BP 501
EP +
PG 2
Engineering; Mineralogy
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy
GA BJC17
UT WOS:000264675200062
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zholnin, AG
Novichkov, SB
AF Zholnin, A. G.
Novichkov, S. B.
BE Bearne, G
TI STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SLAG FROM THE ALUMINUM ALLOYS MELTING AND
THE CONSEQUENCES
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
Meeting
CY FEB 15-19, 2009
DE flux; melting; aluminum slag; oxide blocks; rotary tilting furnace
AB The influence of the flux structure upon the consistence of hot slag was
investigated on basis of the earlier published model of aluminum slag structure.
The aim of the investigation was to receive an experimentally proved conclusion
which ensued from the described model. A practical consequence of the realized
investigation was the detection of additives minimizing the flux consumption
required to achieve the pre-determined consistence of hot slag.
Two possible ways for decreasing of flux consumption ensue from the suggested
model: a)use of additives which decrease the surface tension of melted flux; b)use
of fluoride additives which reduce to fragments the oxide scales as principal
thickener of melted flux. The investigations were realized with slag from salt-free
remelting of aluminum scrap. As basic flux the equipoised mixture of sodium
chloride and potassium chloride was used. The possibility of the substantial
decreasing of flux consumption was obtained.
C1 [Zholnin, A. G.; Novichkov, S. B.] MOSOBLPROMMONTAZH, Voskresensk 140207, Moscow
Region, Russia.
RP Zholnin, AG (corresponding author), MOSOBLPROMMONTAZH, 4 Naberezhnaya Ul,
Voskresensk 140207, Moscow Region, Russia.
CR DESYATNIKOV OG, 1957, WORKS VAMI, P452
MAYANTZ AD, 1948, TSVETNIYE METALLY, V3, P52
SULLY AH, 1953, J I MET, V82, P49
Zholnin AG, 2005, LIGHT MET, P1197
ZHOLNIN AG, 2002, TSVETN MET, V11, P28
ZHOLNIN AG, 2007, LIGHT METALS
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-0-87339-731-5
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2009
BP 727
EP 731
PG 5
GA BJE40
UT WOS:000265146400128
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Min, BY
Choi, WK
Oh, WZ
Jung, CH
Lee, KW
AF Min, Byung-Youn
Choi, Wang-Kyu
Oh, Won-Zin
Jung, Chong-Hun
Lee, Kun-Woo
TI Characteristics of a nuclides distribution during a melt decontamination
of radioactive aluminum wastes
SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Melt Decontamination; Radioactive Aluminum; Flux; Distribution
AB The characteristics of an aluminum melting and the distribution of surrogate
nuclide have been investigated in a muffle furnace and a lab-scale arc furnace as
part of the fundamental research for a melting of the metallic wastes generated by
dismantling research reactors. The melting of aluminum was carried out with the use
of surrogate nuclides such as cobalt, cesium, and strontium, and fluxes such as
NaCl-KCl-Na(3)AlF(6) (flux A), NaCl-NaF-KF (flux B), CaF(2) (flux C), and LiF-KCl-
BaCl(2) (flux D). The effects of the melting temperature and the type of flux on
the melting of the aluminum and the surrogate nuclide distribution in the ingot,
slag, and dust phase were investigated in a muffle furnace. The addition of the
flux increased the fluidity of the aluminum melt, which has a slight difference
according to the type of fluxes, and the amounts of the slag generated during the
melting with the flux types B and C were larger than those with flux types A and D.
The results of the XRD analysis showed that the surrogate nuclides move into the
slag, which can be easily separated from the melt, and then they combine with the
aluminum oxide to form a more stable compound. The remaining cobalt in the ingot
phase was less than 20% and the others were transferred into the slag and dust. A
removal efficiency of more than 99.5% for cesium and strontium from the ingot phase
could be achieved. Similar results for the slag formation and the distribution of
the surrogate nuclides were obtained in a DC graphite arc melting system.
Therefore, it is expected that a greater part of the aluminum wastes generated from
the retired research reactors can be recycled or their volume reduced to be
disposed of by melting.
C1 [Min, Byung-Youn; Choi, Wang-Kyu; Oh, Won-Zin; Jung, Chong-Hun; Lee, Kun-Woo]
Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
RP Min, BY (corresponding author), Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, POB 150, Taejon
CR ADAMS V, 2000, P C SAG, V1, P115
ATTERIDGE DG, 1994, WINCO1224
Bosse H., 1993, P TECHN SEM MELT REC, P225
CAVENDISH HH, 1978, NCLO1157
Choi W.K., 2004, KAERIAR7162004
COMPERE AL, 1996, ORNLTM13162
DENNIS KF, 1999, LOW DROSS ALUMINUM P
EDDY TL, 1995, INEL950054 LM ID TEC
HESHMATPOUR B, 1981, ORNLTM7501
HOPKINSON KLA, 1998, 18041 EUR EN
KELVIN PB, 1956, NCLEONICS, V14, P93
MAUTZ EW, 1975, NCLO1113
OETERS F, 1994, ETALLURGIE STAHLHERS
Song P.-S., 2005, J NUCL FUEL CYCLE WA, V3, P95
SONG PS, 2005, J KOREA SOC WASTE MA, V22, P213
UTIGARD TA, 1998, PROPERTIES USES FLUX
WORCESTER SA, 1994, WINCO1198 INELDOE, P47
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0256-1115
J9 KOREAN J CHEM ENG
JI Korean J. Chem. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 6
BP 1344
EP 1349
DI 10.1007/s11814-008-0220-1
PG 6
GA 382KM
UT WOS:000261604700016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, JP
Cho, WD
AF Wang, Jei-Pil
Cho, W. D.
TI Kinetics of copper oxide dissolution in Na2O-based slags
LA English
DT Article
ID CALCIUM-ALUMINUM-SILICATE; IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS; CAO-SIO2-AL2O3 SLAGS;
CERAMIC SYSTEMS; AL2O3; MGO; INCLUSIONS; BEHAVIOR
AB The dissolution rate of solid Cu2O into molten Na2O-B2O3 slags has been studied
in the temperature range of 1000- 1150 degrees C. The spherical Cu2O particles were
added directly into the slags and their size was measured over time. The maximum
solubility of Cu2O in slag was also measured experimentally using a Cu2O crucible
containing Na2O-B2O3 slags. The rate of dissolution increased with increasing
temperature, basicity and additions of CaF2 and MgO to the slag, while the
dissolution rate decreased with an addition of SiO2 to the slags. The increase in
the dissolution rate may be due to an increase in mass transfer through the
diffusion boundary layer. The diffusion boundary layer between the Cu2O particle
and the bulk slag phase was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
quantitatively analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Dissolution of
Cu2O in slag may be controlled by mass transfer through the boundary layer in the
slag phase.
C1 [Wang, Jei-Pil; Cho, W. D.] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
USA.
C3 Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
RP Wang, JP (corresponding author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT
84112 USA.
OI WANG, JEI PIL/0000-0002-8314-4098
CR Bui AH, 2005, MET MATER INT, V11, P319, DOI 10.1007/BF03027336
BYGDEN J, 1994, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V21, P318
2916.1964.tb14638.x
LEVIN EM, 1975, PHASE DIAGRAM CERA S
MATSUSHIMA M, 1976, TETSU TO HAGANE, V62, P442
Misra P, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P1135, DOI 10.1007/s11663-000-0090-3
Monaghan BJ, 2005, STEEL RES INT, V76, P348, DOI 10.1002/srin.200506021
2916.1964.tb14405.x
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU METALLURGICAL SOC-C I M
PI KINGSTON
PA CANADIAN METALLURGICAL QUARTERLY, 165 ONTARIO STREET, SUITE 5, KINGSTON,
ONTARIO K7L 2Y6, CANADA
SN 0008-4433
J9 CAN METALL QUART
JI Can. Metall. Q.
PD APR
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 2
BP 127
EP 137
PG 11
GA 307QZ
UT WOS:000256334700003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Logvinkov, SM
Vernigora, NK
Shabanova, GN
Shumeiko, VN
Shapovalov, VP
AF Logvinkov, S. M.
Vernigora, N. K.
Shabanova, G. N.
Shumeiko, V. N.
Shapovalov, V. P.
TI THE THERMODYNAMIC BASIS FOR USING ALUMINUM-MAGNESIUM SPINEL IN
LOW-CEMENT REFRACTORY CONCRETES
LA English
DT Article
AB The paper discusses the use of aluminum-magnesium spinel (previously synthesized
or formed during use) in refractory concretes not only from the viewpoint of its
high stability and scope for the formation of solid solutions with components of
steel-melting slag and also of good thermophysical properties but also from the
purposive reactive formation of structures with elevated high-temperature strength.
C1 [Logvinkov, S. M.; Vernigora, N. K.; Shabanova, G. N.; Shumeiko, V. N.;
Shapovalov, V. P.] Kharkov Polytech Inst, Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Logvinkov, S. M.; Vernigora, N. K.; Shabanova, G. N.; Shumeiko, V. N.;
Shapovalov, V. P.] Kharkov City Econ State Univ, Kharkov, Ukraine.
C3 Ministry of Education & Science of Ukraine; National Technical
University Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
RP Logvinkov, SM (corresponding author), Kharkov Polytech Inst, Kharkov, Ukraine.
RI Shabanova, Galina/AAN-9615-2020
OI Shumejko, Vita/0000-0003-0567-0946; Shabanova,
Galina/0000-0001-7204-940X
CR ANTONOVICH V, 2006, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P44
BABKINA LA, 2006, COLLECTED SCI PAPERS, P63
Babushkin V. I., 1986, SILICATE THERMODYNAM
Berezhnoi A. S., 1988, MULTICOMPONENT ALKAL
Berezhnoi A.S., 1970, MULTICOMPONENT OXIDE
BEREZHNOI AS, 1992, PHYSICOCHEMICAL SYST
BYUKHEL G, 2000, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P142
[Карибозорг З Karibozorg Z.], 2007, [Огнеупоры и техническая керамика, Ogneupory
i tekhnicheskaya keramika], P37
LOGVINKOV SM, 2001, REFRACT IND CERAM, P9
Parr K., 2006, NOVYE OGNEUPORY, P135
PRIMACHENKO VV, 2005, COLLECTED SCI PAPERS, P98
PRIMACHENKO VV, 2006, COLLECTED SCI PAPERS, P56
VERNIGORA NK, 2006, COLLECTED SCI PAPERS, P71
VINDEKER B, 2007, REFRACT IND CERAM, P27
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PI NEW YORK
SN 1083-4877
PD MAR
PY 2008
VL 49
IS 2
BP 135
EP 138
DI 10.1007/s11148-008-9042-2
PG 4
GA 376KK
UT WOS:000261182300014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Ferreira, MC
Acchar, W
Segadaes, AM
Mello-Castanho, S
AF Ferreira, M. C.
Acchar, W.
Segadaes, A. M.
Mello-Castanho, S.
BE Marques, AT
Silva, AF
Baptista, APM
Sa, C
Alves, FJLA
Malheiros, LF
Vieira, M
TI Second-Generation Aluminium Extraction Residue used as Devitrification
Aid for Glass-Ceramics
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS FORUM IV
LA English
CT 13th Conference of the Sociedade-Portuguesa-de-Materiais/4th
International Materials Symposium
CY APR 01-04, 2007
CL Oporto, PORTUGAL
DE recycling; glass ceramics; ceramic processing; industrial waste
ID SOLID-WASTE; CRYSTALLIZATION; NUCLEATION; GROWTH
AB Brazil has one of the world's most important Bauxite deposits, the raw material
for the aluminium extraction metallurgy. This work is focused on finding a suitable
application for the white dross residue (WDR), a second-generation waste material
produced during the metal recovery from the slag left after the primary extraction
of aluminium from the ore. A commercial lime-silica based glass frit was used, to
which WDR additions were made (up to 30 wt.%), aimed at studying the
devitrification process of the glasses produced. Such mixtures were melted at
temperatures varying from 1100 to 1500 degrees C and the resulting fritted glasses
were heat treated at 900 degrees C. The starting materials and the mixtures thereof
were characterized before and after thermal treatment by differential thermal
analysis, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. The
results obtained showed that the WDR is easily incorporated into the glass matrix
and causes easy devitrification after short heat treatment periods at low
temperature.
C1 [Ferreira, M. C.; Mello-Castanho, S.] IPEN CNEN SP, CCTM, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo,
Brazil.
[Acchar, W.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Phys, BR-59072970 Natal, RN,
Brazil.
[Segadaes, A. M.] Univ Aveiro, CICECO, Dept Ceram & Glass Eng, P-3810193 Aveiro,
Portugal.
C3 Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN); Instituto de Pesquisas
Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Norte; Universidade de Aveiro
RP Ferreira, MC (corresponding author), IPEN CNEN SP, CCTM, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo,
Brazil.
EM acchar@dfte.ufrn.br; segadaes@ua.pt; srmello@ipen.br
RI Mello-Castanho, Sonia R.H./K-5306-2013; Segadães, Ana/E-4499-2013;
Acchar, Wilson/O-6708-2018
OI Mello-Castanho, Sonia R.H./0000-0002-0155-9100; Segadães,
Ana/0000-0001-6465-620X; Acchar, Wilson/0000-0002-5585-1799
FU FAPESP/SP (The State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation); CNPq (National
Council for Scientific and Technological Development)
FX The authors would like to thank FAPESP/SP (The State of Sao Paulo
Research Foundation) and CNPq (National Council for Scientific and
Technological Development) for financial support.
CR Barbieri L, 1999, FUEL, V78, P271, DOI 10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00134-3
BOCCACCINI AR, 1995, CERAM INT, V21, P231, DOI 10.1016/0272-8842(95)99787-C
Duan RG, 1998, MATER RES BULL, V33, P1143, DOI 10.1016/S0025-5408(98)00105-6
Karamanov A, 2003, J EUR CERAM SOC, V23, P827, DOI 10.1016/S0955-2219(02)00210-8
Pannhorst W, 1997, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V219, P198, DOI 10.1016/S0022-
3093(97)00270-6
PEREZ MR, 1996, B SOC ESP CER 5, V35, P127
Rincon JM, 1998, MATER RES BULL, V33, P1159, DOI 10.1016/S0025-5408(98)00109-3
Romero M, 2000, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V271, P106, DOI 10.1016/S0022-3093(00)00082-
X
Roskosz M, 2005, J NON-CRYST SOLIDS, V351, P1266, DOI
10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.02.021
Tanaka M, 2004, J CERAM SOC JPN, V112, P655, DOI 10.2109/jcersj.112.655
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI DURNTEN-ZURICH
SN 0255-5476
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2008
VL 587-588
BP 773
EP +
PG 2
GA BII83
UT WOS:000259898200152
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Lekakh, S
Robertson, DGC
Rimoshevsky, V
Tribyshevsky, L
Tribyshevsky, B
AF Lekakh, S.
Robertson, D. G. C.
Rimoshevsky, V.
Tribyshevsky, L.
Tribyshevsky, B.
BE DeYoung, DH
TI Dynamic processes for recycling of low-quality charge materials
SE Light Metals
LA English
Meeting
CY MAR 09-13, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
DE furnace; melting; aluminum; recycling
AB Melting processes may be classified into two groups - stationary and dynamic. In
stationary processes (e.g. a reverberatory furnace), the pile of solid charge is
more or less fixed in position, and any liquid motion is the result of natural
convection. In dynamic processes there is active motion of the solid charge and
melt inside the furnace caused by mechanical or electromagnetic forces. Each type
of process was analyzed from the point of view of metal recovery and energy
efficiency when charge materials of different metallurgical quality were used. The
stationary processes minimize the oxidation of high quality charge materials
(ingots, large size scrap) while dynamic melting processes have the possibility of
increased metal recovery from low-quality scrap with high specific and oxidized
surface, such as aluminum turnings and dross, with effective separation of melt
from slag by the use of special fluxes. The parameters of melting low quality
charge materials in a dynamic rotary furnace were experimentally studied and
computationally modeled. Technical results will be presented of using 0.5 t rotary
furnace for recycling locally-sourced low-quality aluminum charge materials. The
furnace has been used over a period of several years.
C1 [Lekakh, S.; Robertson, D. G. C.] Univ Missouri, 1870 Miner Circle, Rolla, MO
65401 USA.
[Rimoshevsky, V.; Tribyshevsky, L.; Tribyshevsky, B.] Belarusian Natl Tech Univ,
Minsk 22021, BELARUS.
Technology; Belarusian National Technical University
RP Lekakh, S (corresponding author), Univ Missouri, 1870 Miner Circle, Rolla, MO
65401 USA.
CR APANASENKO A, 1990, TSVETNYE METALLY, V6, P97
Zhou B, 2007, PROG COMPUT FLUID DY, V7, P195, DOI 10.1504/PCFD.2007.013012
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-0-87339-710-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2008
BP 1103
EP +
PG 2
GA BHS67
UT WOS:000255981900185
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Valeriu, SM
Victor, G
Radu, S
Suciu, V
Ene, P
Stefan, S
Mihailescu, D
AF Valeriu, Suciu Marcel
Victor, Geanta
Radu, Stefanoiu
Suciu, Valerica
Ene, Petrus
Stefan, Stan
Mihailescu, Daniela
TI STUDIES AND RESEARCH REGARDING THE DETERMINING FACTORS OF QUALITY IN
STEEL ROUND BILLETS USED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TUBULAR PRODUCTS
SO METALURGIA INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE round billets; tubular products; EBT; LF; electromagnetic stirring
AB An efficient solution to the manufacture of tubular products lies in the use of
continously cast round billets, as they present lower costs and satisfactory
quality. The study analyzes the factors that determine high performance results of
this solution: quality of liquid steel, technological level of the casting system,
parameter-optimized automatic control and regultion of the whole process and data
monitoring and processing. The research analyzes the technological flow: heating in
Eccentric Bottom Tapping (EBT), flux dosing, regulation of chemical and heating
conditions, liquid steel treatment in ladle furnace (LF), the amount and quality of
slag, outputs of Aluminum and Calcium, temperature regulation, steel casting
without electromagnetic stirrer (EMS), steel overheating, primary and secondary,
cooling, improvements of equipment and work parameters
C1 [Valeriu, Suciu Marcel; Victor, Geanta; Radu, Stefanoiu; Suciu, Valerica] Univ
Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania.
[Ene, Petrus; Stefan, Stan] ICEM SA Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania.
[Mihailescu, Daniela] CHIMINFORM DATA SA Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania.
C3 Polytechnic University of Bucharest
RP Valeriu, SM (corresponding author), Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Bucharest, Romania.
RI GARCIA, VICTOR G./HOF-9077-2023
CR *UPB ICEM, X2C22 UPBICEM CEEX
21997 ISIJ, P134
11998 CIT, P39
SUMMITOMO SEARCH, P63
1988, METALLURGIA ITALIANA, P879
41994 CIT, P609
51982 CIT, P459
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU EDITURA STIINTIFICA FMR
PI BUCHAREST
PA CALEA GRIVITEI, NR 83, SECTOR 1, O P 12, BUCHAREST, 010705, ROMANIA
SN 1582-2214
J9 METAL INT
JI Metal. Int.
PY 2008
VL 13
BP 81
EP 87
PG 7
GA 403YG
UT WOS:000263117300016
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Flores, A
Villegas, D
Kolenda, Z
Donizak, J
AF Flores, Alfredo
Villegas, David
Kolenda, Zygmunt
Donizak, Janusz
BE Sorlie, M
TI Kinetic study of the magnesium removal from molten aluminum using
Ar-SF6-O2 gaseous mixtures
SE Light Metals
LA English
CT Symposium on Light Metals held at the 2007 TMS Annual Meeting and
Exhibition
CY FEB 25-MAR 01, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
AB In this paper it is shown that pneumatically injected gaseous mixtures
containing SF6(g) are useful to oxidize the magnesium dissolved in molten aluminum
alloys. Although the oxidation of magnesium with SF6(g) is thermodynamically
favorable, the addition Of 02(g) causes that Delta G is additionally reduced by -
249.16 KJ/mol Mg. After chemical analysis of the final contents of magnesium in the
treated alloys, the identification of compounds in the slag by x-ray diffraction,
and chemical analysis of gaseous emissions produced, a scheme of reaction is
proposed considering no emission of volatile fluorides or sulfides. Kinetic
equations describing the magnesium removal rate are presented, taking into account
that kinetics of the process is controlled by chemical reaction.
C1 [Flores, Alfredo; Villegas, David] CINVESTAV, IPN Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo
Monterrey Highway Km 13 5, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico.
[Kolenda, Zygmunt; Donizak, Janusz] Stanislaw Staszic Univ Min & Met, Fac Non
Ferrous Met, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
C3 CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del
Instituto Politecnico Nacional; AGH University of Krakow
RP Flores, A (corresponding author), CINVESTAV, IPN Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo
Monterrey Highway Km 13 5, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico.
RI flores, alfredo v/F-7976-2011; Kolenda, Zygmunt/S-4367-2018
OI Kolenda, Zygmunt/0000-0001-7424-4436
FU National Science and Technology Council of Mexico (CONACYT) [38466U,
139525]; PRAXAIR Mexico(R)
FX The authors wish to thank the National Science and Technology Council of
Mexico (CONACYT) for the financial support provided, project 38466U and
scholarship 139525. They acknowledge also PRAXAIR Mexico (R) for the
technical and economical support and for providing the gaseous mixtures.
CR *ASTM, 2005, E125104 METHOD ANAL
CAMPBELL J, 2001, BUTTERWOTHHEINEMANN, P4
DAVID V, 1993, LIGHT MET, P1053
LUKIN ES, 1989, POROUS HIGH STRENGTH, V10, P23
ROINE, 1993, OUTOKUMPU HSC CHEM W
VILLEGAS D, 2005, THESIS KINETIC STUDY
WAITE P, 1990, RECENT EXPERIENCE US, P1053
ZHAO B, 1996, KINETIC STUDY AS SB, P127
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 978-0-87339-659-2
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2007
BP 639
EP +
PG 3
GA BGJ39
UT WOS:000247423900107
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Hemanth, J
AF Hemanth, J.
BE Carpinteri, A
Gambarova, PG
Ferro, G
Plizzari, GA
TI Fracture characteristics of high-strength light-weight cement mortar
composites reinforced with the waste products of alluminium processing
SO FRACTURE MECHANICS OF CONCRETE AND CONCRETE STRUCTURES, VOLS 1-3: VOL 1:
NEW TRENDS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS OF CONCRETE; VOL 2: DESIGN, ASSESSMENT
AND RETROFITTING OF RC STRUCTURES; VOL 3: HIGH-PERFORMANCE CONCRETE,
BRICK-MASONRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
SE Proceedings and Monographs in Engineering, Water and Earth Sciences
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Fracture Mechanics of Concrete and
Concrete Structures
CY JUN 17-22, 2007
CL Catania, ITALY
AB An investigation was carried out to summarize the results of the mechanical
properties of high strength lightweight eloxal reinforced cement mortar subject to
short term loads. Eloxal (in the solid slag form) is a waste obtained during the
production of aluminum. It is mainly of aluminum oxide, SiO2, CaO, MgO and other
substances. It's a hard substance, having sufficient strength with additive
properties and bonds very rapidly. Eloxal reinforced cement mortars in the present
investigation are tested for their compression and fracture behavior. Data were
obtained pertaining to compressive strength, fracture behavior (using dogbone
tension tests and double cantilever beam tests), role of moisture and drying
effects. Deformation properties under load were studied to provide insight into the
internal behavior and failure mechanism of light weight eloxal reinforced cement
mortar. To analyze the mode of failure, distribution of eloxal particles in cement
mortar and the deformation behavior, several optical and Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) photographs were taken to study the mechanism. Results of the
tests of eloxal reinforced cement mortar are compared with unreinforced cement
mortar and information obtained else where in earlier tests of normal weight cement
mortar. Structural composites materials offer an excellent opportunity to produce
components that achieve weight savings and improved structural properties. The
eloxal particles (dispersoid) added to cement mortar in the present investigation
is varied from 20 to 40 wt%. In steps of 10 wt.%. The resulting composite blocks
cast were tested for their properties.
CR [Anonymous], 1958, ACI J P
BENTHUR A, 1991, ACI J, V4, P47
CARRASQUILLO RL, 1982, RES REPORT DEP STRUC, P98
HARMON T, 1999, P 2 INT RILEM S FRPR, V29, P584
Hemanth J, 2001, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V10, P143, DOI 10.1361/105994901770345141
KAAR PH, 1993, DETROIT, V6, P161
LABOSSIER P, 1994, P CONF WORKSH REP RE, V14, P153
NANNI A, 1983, DETROIT, V138, P193
PIASTA J, 1989, CEMENT CONCRETE RES, V19, P103, DOI 10.1016/0008-8846(89)90070-7
SCIAN AN, 1991, J CEMENT CONCRETE RE, V51, P51
Shideler J.J., 1957, ACI J P, V54, P299, DOI [10.14359/11441, DOI
10.14359/11441]
SPRATT BH, 1974, CEMENT CEMENT MORTAR, V23, P19
TOUTANJI H, 1978, ACI J, V78, P786
VISALVANICH K, 1983, J AM CONCRETE I, V80, P128
WANG PT, 1978, ACI J, V75, P603
WILSON C, 1954, CEMENT MORTAR, V62, P45
WISCHERS G, 1974, LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGAT, V12, P16
XIAO YY, 1996, P 1 INT C OCMP INFR, V6, P903
ZIBRA YN, 1984, THESIS U PETROLEUM M
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI LONDON
PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-415-44066-0
J9 PROC MONOGR ENG WATE
PY 2007
VL 1-3
BP 1313
EP 1318
PG 6
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Engineering, Civil
GA BHB92
UT WOS:000252133100160
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Geveci, A
Aydemir, O
AF Geveci, Ahmet
Aydemir, Onur
BE Kongoli, F
Reddy, RG
TI Usage of aluminum dross for slag treatment in secondary steelmaking to
decrease amount of reducible oxides in ladle furnace
MATERIALS, VOL 7: INDUSTRIAL PRACTICE
LA English
Materials
CY AUG 27-31, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
DE steelmaking; aluminum dross; slag treatment
AB In this work it is aimed to assess the plant analytical data which appeared
during efforts to decrease the effect of carry-over slag (basic oxygen furnace
slag) that can not be prevented to leak during tapping of steel in the ladles.
While the amount changes, carry-over slag that escaped to ladle, consists of
appreciable amount of reducible oxides ("FetO" and MnO) which act as oxygen source
for steel bath. By using aluminum dross, containing %30-35 metallic aluminum, which
is a non-recoverable process outcome (discard) for most of the aluminum factories,
slag reduction behavior will be analyzed together with other parameters such as
reaction time, initial amount of total Fe+MnO, amount of reducing agent and
reducing effect of soluble aluminum in steel bath while obtaining a slag
composition which promotes higher desulphurization capacity and inclusion removal
for liquid steel.
C1 [Geveci, Ahmet] Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-06531 Ankara,
Turkey.
[Aydemir, Onur] Erdemir Iron & Steel Works Co, TR-67330 Zonguldak, Turkey.
C3 Middle East Technical University; Erdemir Group
RP Geveci, A (corresponding author), Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
RI Aydemir, Onur/HGU-4300-2022
AYDEMIR O, 2005, UNPUB REPORT REOXIDA
HUH WW, 1996, ISIJ INT, V36, P136
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-640-5
PY 2006
BP 351
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Industrial; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BFG93
UT WOS:000241814600029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez, DV
Valdes, AF
AF Hernandez, D. V.
Valdes, A. F.
TI A kinetic study on the magnesium removal from molten aluminum using
Ar-Sf6-O2 gaseous mixtures
LA English
DT Article
AB In this paper it is shown that pneumatically injected gaseous mixtures
containing SF6(g) are useful to oxidize the magnesium dissolved in molten aluminum
alloys. Although the oxidation of magnesium with SF6(g) is thermodynamically
favorable, the addition of O-2(g) causes that Delta G is additionally reduced by -
249.16 KJ/mol Mg. After chemical analysis of the final contents of magnesium in the
treated alloys, the identification of compounds in the slag by x-ray diffraction,
and chemical analysis of gaseous emissions produced, a scheme of reaction is
proposed. A kinetic model describing the magnesium removal rate is presented,
taking into account that kinetics of the process is controlled by chemical
reaction.
C1 IPN, CINVESTAV, Unidad Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico.
C3 Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico; CINVESTAV - Centro de
Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional
RP Hernandez, DV (corresponding author), IPN, CINVESTAV, Unidad Saltillo, Saltillo
Monterrey Highway Km 13-5, Ramos Arizpe 25900, Coahuila, Mexico.
RI flores, alfredo v/F-7976-2011
CR *ASTM, 2005, E125104 ASTM INT
Campisi S, 2001, POPTRONICS, V2, P4
Fang QT, 2004, LIGHT MET, P737
Iguchi M, 1998, METALL MATER TRANS B, V29, P1209, DOI 10.1007/s11663-998-0043-9
LUKIN ES, 1989, OGNEUPORI, V10, P23
Neff D.V., 1993, LIGHT MET, P1053
ROINE, 1993, OUTOKUMPU HSC CHEM W
THEMELIS NJ, 1882, CANADIAN METALL Q, V22, P313
TSANG W, 1992, J CHEM PHYS, V96, P4272, DOI 10.1063/1.462821
VILLEGAS D, 2005, THESIS CINVESTAV SAL
WAITE P, 1990, LIGHT METALS 1990, P1053
WARKE VS, 2003, THESIS WORCESTER POL
ZHAO BZ, 1996, MINERALS METALS MAT, P127
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES COMMITTEE METALLURGY
PI KRAKOW
PA AL MICKIEWICZA 30, AGH, PAW., A-4,III P., POK 312B, 30-059 KRAKOW,
POLAND
SN 1733-3490
PY 2006
VL 51
IS 3
BP 433
EP 442
PG 10
GA 111OJ
UT WOS:000242462200014
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Takano, C
Ferreira, JB
Pinto, ECO
AF Takano, Cyro
Ferreira Neto, Joao B.
Pinto, Eduardo C. O.
BE Kongoli, F
Reddy, RG
TI Metal/slag equilibrium of Ca and Al in silicon
MATERIALS, VOL 1: THERMO AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLES: NON-FERROUS
HIGH-TEMPERATURE PROCESSING
LA English
Materials
CY AUG 27-31, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
DE silicon; metal/slag equilibrium; activity coefficients
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; SI; CALCIUM; ALUMINUM; ALLOYS; SYSTEM
AB This paper is a contribution to fundamentals data on the equilibrium metal/slag
for refining silicon in relation to Ca and Al as impurities. Silicon containing
0.1% Al and no Ca was placed in contact with a slag of various contents of CaO,
SiO2 and Al2O3. Slag Al2O3 contents were 11.4%, 25.1% and 29.6%, keeping the ratio
%CaO/%SiO2 constant and equal to similar to 0.53. The experiments were conducted at
1550 degrees C, in a graphite crucible with argon atmosphere. The equilibrium was
observed with low and medium content of Al2O3. The derived activities coefficients
of Ca and Al in dilute solution of Si presented good correlation with those of the
literature. Parallel reactions with formations of SiO(g) and CO (g) were also
observed.
C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Met & Mat Engn, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP Takano, C (corresponding author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Met & Mat Engn, BR-05508
Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RI Neto, Joao Batista Ferreira/K-9279-2017; Takano, Cyro/AAM-9118-2021
OI Neto, Joao Batista Ferreira/0000-0002-3272-2134;
Chatillon C., 1975, High Temperatures - High Pressures, V7, P583
Dumay C, 1997, J CHIM PHYS PCB, V94, P971, DOI 10.1051/jcp/1997940971
LOSEVA AF, 1977, RUSS J PHYS CHEM, V51, P290
MARGARIA T, 1996, P SIL CHEM IND NORW, V3, P21
Miki T, 1999, MATER T JIM, V40, P1108, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.40.1108
NETO JBF, 1994, THESIS U SAO PAULO
Pinto ECD, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS B, V31, P1267
Sarti D, 2002, SOL ENERG MAT SOL C, V72, P27, DOI 10.1016/S0927-0248(01)00147-7
Tanahashi M, 1999, MATER T JIM, V40, P594, DOI 10.2320/matertrans1989.40.594
TUSET J, 1985, INT SEM REF ALL LIQ
2005, PHOTON INT MAR, P66
1978, JANAF THERMOCHEMICAL
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-634-0
PY 2006
BP 261
EP +
PG 2
GA BFG79
UT WOS:000241785700022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Topkaya, YA
Geveci, A
Turgay, O
AF Topkaya, Yavuz Ali
Geveci, Ahmet
Turgay, Ogulcan
BE Kongoli, F
Reddy, RG
TI Production of rare earth ferrosilicide alloy
MATERIALS, VOL 4: NEW, IMPROVED AND EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES: NON-FERROUS
MATERIALS EXTRACTION AND PROCESSING
LA English
Materials
CY AUG 27-31, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
DE rare earth ferrosilicide; metallothermic reduction; bastnasite
AB Rare earth ferrosilicide is a versatile alloy mainly used to control the
detrimental effects of sulfur in steel and to modify graphite structures in cast
iron.
The aim of this study was to determine the optimum conditions to make rare earth
ferrosilicon alloy using a preconcentrate produced from a bastnasite type of ore
present in the Beylikahir-Eskisehir region of Turkey. This concentrate contained
23.5%REO, 41.37% CaF2, 10.69% BaSO4, 8.50% CaCO3, 4.18%Fe2O3, 2.83% Al2O3, 2.74%
SiO2, 1.20% P(2)O(5)and small amount of other oxides.
The initial metallothermic reduction of this concentrate using ferrosilicon and
aluminum in a graphite crucible placed in a muffle furnace gave very low recoveries
due to the difficulties encountered in adjusting the slag composition, temperature
and amount of additives. Therefore, two batches of rare earth oxide concentrate
containing 61.1% and 81.7% cerium oxide, respectively, that were procured from a
Turkish glass producer, were used to optimize with respect to temperature,
duration, slag-making additives and amount of reducers. In these experiments,
smelting and reduction was done in an induction furnace with graphite crucible,
and, ferrosilicon and aluminum were added after melting the charge. As a result,
there was no difficulty in obtaining a rare earth ferrosilicon alloy containing 35-
55% RE, 5-25% Fe and 20-40% Si, with about 80% metal recovery.
When the optimum conditions were applied to the preconcentrate, alloys of
similar compositions were obtained with 70-80% recovery. Experiments were also done
with mixtures of preconcentrate and rich concentrate, and, recoveries as high as
95% were obtained. Only in this case, to increase the recovery, mixtures had to be
charged to the empty graphite crucible after heating the crucible to the required
temperature.
C1 [Topkaya, Yavuz Ali; Geveci, Ahmet; Turgay, Ogulcan] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept
Met & Mat Engn, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
C3 Middle East Technical University
RP Topkaya, YA (corresponding author), Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn, TR-
OI TOPKAYA, YAVUZ/0009-0009-3671-3655
CR BOSE DK, 1985, J LESS-COMMON MET, V110, P239, DOI 10.1016/0022-5088(85)90327-3
DA S, 1989, J LESS-COMMON MET, V148, P85
GUPTA CK, 1992, INT MATER REV, V37, P197, DOI 10.1179/imr.1992.37.1.197
KILBOURN BT, 1993, KIRKOTHMER ENCY CHEM, V5, P728
MITCHELL A, 1978, Patent No. 4108645
MORRICE E, 1979, Patent No. 4135921
Özbayoglu G, 2000, J ALLOY COMPD, V303, P520, DOI 10.1016/S0925-8388(00)00639-3
SARDZHVELADZE GE, 1989, ZH PRIKL KHIM, V63, P784
WONG MM, 1980, PREPARING RARE EARTH
ZELIKMAN AN, 1966, METALLURGY RARE META
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-637-5
PY 2006
BP 371
EP 383
PG 13
GA BFG84
UT WOS:000241808400034
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Bydalek, AW
Maziarz, W
Najman, K
AF Bydalek, AW
Maziarz, W
Najman, K
TI The mass transfer on the slag - Liquid metal interphases
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
DE copper; slag-liquid metal; metalic and nonmetalic inclusions
AB In the work the results of thermodynamic analysis and laboratory investigations
of the formation of slag-metal interphases layer during reducing copper melting
conditions have been shown. A considerable intensifying of the reduction processes
proves that only refining of the metal is not possible. The extraction of non-
metallic: inclusions from copper or its alloys leads to formation of many another
chemical compounds and inclusions. The results of the slag-copper surface scanning
analysis shows, that during the reducing the Al2O3 - B2O3 - Na2O or SiO2-B2O3-Na2O
slag, effect of silica, aluminium and sodium precipitation may appear.
C1 Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Mech, Zielona Gora, Poland.
Polish Acad Sci, Inst Met & Mat Sci, Krakow, Poland.
HUTMEN, Wroclaw, Poland.
C3 University of Zielona Gora; Polish Academy of Sciences
RP Bydalek, AW (corresponding author), Univ Zielona Gora, Fac Mech, Zielona Gora,
Poland.
RI Maziarz, Wojciech/K-4342-2015
OI Maziarz, Wojciech/0000-0002-6823-7683; Maziarz,
Wojciech/0000-0001-8363-9640
CR BYDALCK AW, 1993, ARCHIWUM TECHNOLOGII, P7
BYDALCK AW, 1996, 9 C EL MICR SOL KRAK, P549
BYDALCK AW, 2002, ARCHIWUM TECHNOLOGII, V22, P48
Bydalek A., 1971, CHEM PROCESS, P27
BYDALEK AW, 2002, EUROPEAN MICROSCOPY, V78, P9
BYDALEK AW, 2000, KRZEPNIECIE METALI S, V44, P383
BYDALEK AW, 2002, GIESSEREIFORSCHUNG, V54, P128
BYDALEK AW, 2001, ACTA MATALLURGICA SL, V1, P461
FISCHER WA, 1972, METALL, P1123
Krasicka-Cydzik E, 2001, J APPL ELECTROCHEM, V31, P1155, DOI
10.1023/A:1012228104075
YAZAWA A, 1987, METALL REV M M I J, V14, P53
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2005
VL 44
IS 4
BP 275
EP 279
PG 5
GA 950RC
UT WOS:000230873900006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Fu, YK
Meng, XM
Guo, HJ
AF Fu, YK
Meng, XM
Guo, HJ
TI Mathematical viscosity models for ternary metallic and silicate melts
LA English
DT Article
DE viscosity; metallic melt; silicate melt
ID GAMMA-ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE; TERMS
AB The mathematical viscosity models for metallic melts were discussed. The
experimental data of Ag-Au-Cu systems were used to verify the models based on
Chou's general geometric thermodynamic model and the calculated results are
consistent with the reported experimental data. A new model predicting the
viscosity of multi-component silicate melts was established. The CaO-MnO-SiO2. CaO-
FeO-SiO2 and FeO-MnO-SiO2 silicate slag systems were used to verify the model.
C1 Anhui Univ Technol, Maanshan 243001, Peoples R China.
Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
C3 Anhui University of Technology; University of Science & Technology
Beijing
RP Fu, YK (corresponding author), Anhui Univ Technol, Maanshan 243001, Peoples R
China.
RI Fu, Yingkun/AAC-8567-2019
OI Fu, Yingkun/0000-0002-5528-7411
CR Chou KC, 1996, CALPHAD, V20, P395, DOI 10.1016/S0364-5916(97)00002-3
Chou KC, 1997, METALL MATER TRANS B, V28, P439, DOI 10.1007/s11663-997-0110-7
GEBHARDT VE, 1952, Z METALLKD, V43, P106
HIRAI M, 1993, ISIJ INT, V33, P251, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.33.251
KUCHARSKI M, 1986, Z METALLKD, V77, P393
Moelwyn-Hughes E.A., 1961, Physical Chemistry
Wang XD, 2003, SCI CHINA SER B, V46, P280, DOI 10.1360/02yb0134
Wang XD, 2002, METALL MATER TRANS B, V33, P201, DOI 10.1007/s11663-002-0005-6
Wang XD, 2002, SCAND J METALL, V31, P1, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0692.2002.310101.x
Wang XD, 2001, ACTA METALL SIN, V37, P52
ZENG Q, 2002, RARE METALS, V21, P179
Zhong XM, 2001, CALPHAD, V25, P455, DOI 10.1016/S0364-5916(01)00064-5
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI BEIJING
SN 1006-706X
PD MAY
PY 2004
VL 11
IS 3
BP 1
EP 4
PG 4
GA 847IR
UT WOS:000223386400001
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
AF Gerogiorgis, DI
Ydstie, BE
BE Tabereaux, AT
TI Integrated multiphysics and computational fluid dynamics modeling of a
carbothermic aluminium reactor
SE Light Metals
LA English
CT Light Metals Symposium held at the 133rd TMS Annual Meeting
CY MAR 14-18, 2004
CL Charlotte, NC
AB The present simulation study elaborates on a FE CFD model (Gerogiorgis and
Ydstie, 2003) developed for a candidate carbothermic aluminium reactor (Johansen
and Aune, 2002), aimed at industrial implementation of carbothermic Al production.
Carbothermic reduction is an alternative to the conventional Hall-Heroult
electrolysis process and is characterized by cost and environmental advantages as
well as by a challenging complexity. Process technology encompasses a wide spectrum
of phenomena (convection, diffusion, reaction, evaporation, electric field) that
occur simultaneously in a multiphase configuration, the geometry of which is an
open design problem and remains to be determined without prior experience or even
abundance of experimental data. The strong interaction among Joule heating,
endothermic reaction, natural Boussinesq convection and turbulent flow phenomena is
of paramount importance for understanding reactor performance; conducting CFD
simulations is an efficient way to advance with the latter goal, since reliable
high-temperature measurements of state variables are remarkably laborious,
uncertain and expensive. The quadruple PDE problem (electric charge, heat, momentum
and gas volume balances) for the slag flow in the ARP reactor is solved via a
commercial CFD software suite (FEMLAB(R) v. 2.3) to obtain potential, temperature,
velocity and gas volume fraction distributions in a two-dimensional domain,
representing in detail the complete second stage of the proposed carbothermic
reactor. The new challenge is the present paper is to accurately calculate the
volume fraction of the gas generated within the molten slag and understand how the
proposed geometry affects production, via the instantaneous thermodynamic
equilibrium assumption. The main objective of this CFD study is to extract
conclusions regarding the reactive slag flow, the extent of space utilization and
the existence of dead volumes, and to provide design guidelines. A steady state
sensitivity analysis of state variable distributions (namely, potential,
temperature, velocity and gas volume fraction) with respect to a key design
variable (the imposed voltage profile) reveals the reactor heating potential, the
geometry of the Al region and the nontrivial operation, design and optimization
problems.
CR Bruno MJ, 2003, LIGHT MET, P395
*COMSOL, 2002, FEMLAB 2 3 REF MAN
Gerogiorgis DI, 2003, LIGHT MET, P407
Gerogiorgis DI, 2003, ALUMINUM 2003, P289
PROCESSING, P273
GEROGIORGIS DI, 2003, P 3 INT C CFD MIN PR
Johansen K, 2003, LIGHT MET, P401
JOHANSEN K, P 6 INT C MOLT SLAGS
MOTZFELDT K, 1989, CARBOTHERMAL PROD AL
WETIND R, 2001, THESIS KTH STOCKHOLM
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-567-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2004
BP 309
EP 314
PG 6
GA BAG45
UT WOS:000222084100051
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zholnin, AG
Novichkov, CB
Stroganov, AG
AF Zholnin, AG
Novichkov, CB
Stroganov, AG
BE Tabereaux, AT
TI Formalization of concepts of the processes occurring in melting aluminum
rejects in tilting rotory furnaces.
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CY MAR 14-18, 2004
CL Charlotte, NC
AB The experience of aluminum remelting in a tilting rotor furnace (TRF) showed
that the present level of understanding about the melting process is not enough to
explain the observed effect and to control it consciously. Certain uncontrolled
losses of metal result from that. The attempts to optimize the economic parameters
(to reduce the melting time, reduce the amount of the used fluxing agent) from
relatively rich aluminum raw materials (50 and more per cent of metal) sometimes
result in nothing. hi the language of metallurgists it is called the 100% melting
loss. It is implied that all the metal has burned out, i.e. has passed into an
oxide state. In fact it was found out in the studies of the refused slag that the
most part of the metal is left in slag in the form of small spherical drops covered
with the oxide film. Such effects made it necessary to pay more attention to the
processes, occurring in this situation The phenomenological model proposed for
consideration is the result of generalization of visual observation of the
processes of re-melting different types of aluminum raw materials at the rotor
inclined furnaces and the analysis of the results of the laboratory researches of
the initial raw materials, refused slag and dust in the exhaust gases. The stated
fact is mainly related to melting different types of aluminum rejects in the mode
of "dry" melting with lower amount of the fluxing agent when secondary dross is in
the loose dispersed state. In the process of melting in the environment of
permanently mixed furnace feed the solid aluminum can pass into different states
and simultaneously be in an oxide form, small railing, drops, mess and swamp and be
removed with the exhaust gases in the form of dust and volatile compounds formed in
the result of chemical interaction of aluminum with the fluxing agents. In the
model are considered certain possible reactions of transition of the metal from
some states to other ones at different stages of melting for different types of raw
materials. The reactions determining the process of melting of different types of
raw materials were tabulated.
C1 MOPM, Voskresensk, Russia.
RP Zholnin, AG (corresponding author), MOPM, Voskresensk, Russia.
CR BELYAYEV AI, 1959, GHTIL FERROUS NONFER, P142
DEKTEREV AA, 2003, P 9 INT C AL SIB 200, P299
NOVICHKOV SB, 2003, P 9 INT C AL SIB 200, P292
PROSHKIN AV, 2001, P 6 INT C AL SIB 200, P111
ZHOLNIN AG, 2000, NONFERROUS METALLURG, P32
ZHOLNIN AG, 2002, P 7 INT C AL SIB 200, P225
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-567-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2004
BP 937
EP 942
PG 6
GA BAG45
UT WOS:000222084100150
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Zholnin, AG
Zakharov, AE
Novichkov, SB
Stroganov, AG
AF Zholnin, AG
Zakharov, AE
Novichkov, SB
Stroganov, AG
BE Tabereaux, AT
TI Peculiarities of aluminum dross melting in a laboratory tilting rotary
furnace
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CY MAR 14-18, 2004
CL Charlotte, NC
AB in this work are presented the results of aluminium dross melting in a
laboratory tilting rotary furnace (LTRF) described in the work [1]. It was studied
the impact on the melting process of the amount of the added fluxing agent, the
fluxing agent composition, the furnace speed of rotation, the temperature of
pouring, the content of dust in the slag and the impact of moisture and time of
storing on the metal output. As the output parameters of the process, the weight of
the poured out metal, the weight of the refused dross and the breakup of beads left
in dross after pouring out the metal were controlled. All the beads with the
diameter over 1mm were picked up. The smaller particles of aluminum have been left
beyond our control. The screening of aluminium dross with the maximum size of
particles of 20 mm and the metal content about 50% was used as a raw material. The
mixtures based on sodium and potassium chlorides with the cryolite admixture. 1.5-2
kg of dross was loaded into each melting. The speed of rotation in most cases,
excluding those, which were specially stipulated, was 2.5 rpm. It was established
that there is a minimum amount of the fluxing agent, below which the molten pools
are not formed. The metal is left in the dross in the form of beads. The influence
of the proportion of sodium and potassium chlorides on the metal output is weak.
The cryolite admixtures are efficient only for small amounts of the fluxing agent.
The increase of the furnace speed of rotation under high content of the fluxing
agent facilitates coalescence, and under low content of the same it strengthens the
effect of breaking the drops. The isothermal soaking of the furnace feed before
pouring out renders an ambiguous effect. The increase of the content of dust
fraction in dross in the process of melting in the "dry fluxing agent" mode
facilitates breaking of the beads and the decrease of the metal output. The content
of magnesium in the alloy depends on the dross consistence, its decrease may be an
indicator of quality of melting. The performed researches showed the efficiency of
using laboratory furnaces for finding out the mechanisms of melting aluminum raw
materials in TRF. It is natural that the obtained results cannot be automatically
extended to the large dimension industrial furnaces because of the existence of the
scale factor [2]. But the found out mechanisms of melting permit to give certain
specific recommendations and may be useful for the development of the technology of
melting dross in the tilting rotary furnace.
C1 MOPM, Vorskresensk, Russia.
RP Zholnin, AG (corresponding author), MOPM, Vorskresensk, Russia.
CR ZAKHARENKO DM, 2003, NONFERROUS METALLURG, P26
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-567-0
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2004
BP 943
EP 947
PG 5
GA BAG45
UT WOS:000222084100151
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Curran, G
Allen, PG
Caputo, DF
Czerwinski, KR
AF Curran, G
Allen, PG
Caputo, DF
Czerwinski, KR
BE Finch, RJ
Bullen, DB
TI Characterization of uranium speciation in a metallic matrix
SO SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR NUCLEAR WASTE MANAGEMENT XXVI
SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 26th Symposium on the Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management held
at the 2002 MRS Fall Meeting
CY DEC 02-05, 2002
CL BOSTON, MA
AB Three metallic slag samples recovered from the site of their inadvertent
creation several decades after the fact were sectioned and analyzed to determine
uranium speciation to evaluate environmental behavior as well as assess
proliferation resistance of the waste form. Uranium concentration in the highly
inhomogeneous samples was up to 5% by weight as determined by gamma spectroscopy.
Sample sections were milled in a hardened steel ball mill for x-ray absorption
spectroscopy analysis (XAS). Powders were digested in a mixture of heated
concentrated nitric acid and peroxide and analyzed for elemental content using ICP-
AES and ICP-MS. Though elemental content of the samples varied widely, high
concentrations of A] were consistently found. Other metals of significance were Ti,
Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Sri. High Pb concentrations were occasionally found. XAS
analysis revealed the samples contained primarily uranyl and another phase
identified as a uranium-aluminum melt.
C1 MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
C3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
RP Curran, G (corresponding author), MIT, Dept Nucl Engn, 24-210,77 Massachusetts
Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RI Czerwinski, Ken/HMP-2724-2023
OI Allen, Patrick/0000-0002-0845-9743
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
PA 506 KEYSTONE DRIVE, WARRENDALE, PA 15088-7563 USA
SN 0272-9172
BN 1-55899-694-X
J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P
PY 2003
VL 757
BP 337
EP 342
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Ceramics; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA BX85J
UT WOS:000186634300044
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Yoshinaga, H
Dan, S
Kawabata, A
Nishi, S
Kusamichi, T
Kamiya, Y
Tsukahara, M
Sakai, T
AF Yoshinaga, H
Dan, S
Kawabata, A
Nishi, S
Kusamichi, T
Kamiya, Y
Tsukahara, M
Sakai, T
TI Development of a low-cost vanadium purification process using
electro-slag remelting and its application to hydrogen storage alloys
SO JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE vanadium; hydrogen storage alloys; thermic reduction; electro-slag
remelting; consumable electrode; flux; mischmetal; deoxidation
AB Vanadium-based alloys are usually produced by alumino-thermic reduction of V2O5.
In order to use it in hydrogen storage alloys, contained impurities such as
aluminum and oxygen have to be removed by electron beam purification, increasing
the alloy cost by one-order. In this work, we have developed an electro-slag
remelting purification method for removing the impurities with low cost. In this
electro-slag remelting process, a crude vanadium consumable electrode made by
alumino-thermic reduction and flux of CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 are used. By applying high
current, the vanadium electrode is partially melted, the contained impurity such as
aluminum oxide is removed to the flux and a purified molten metal is dropped to
bottom.
Removal ratio of the aluminum oxide is in proportional to the CaO content in the
flux. Then, remained oxygen in the metal is removed by remelting with rare-earth
metal as a reducing agent. The alloy prepared by this process shows the same
hydrogen storage capacity as that prepared using high purity metal. The electro-
slag remelting purification method is suitable for mass production with reasonable
cost.
C1 Taiyo Koko Co Ltd, Ako Lab, Ako 6780232, Japan.
Kobe Steel Ltd, Mat Res Lab, Kobe, Hyogo 6512271, Japan.
IMRA Mat R&D Co Ltd, Kariya, Aichi 4480021, Japan.
AIST, Kansai Ctr, Ikeda, Osaka 5638577, Japan.
C3 Kobe Steel; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science &
Technology (AIST)
RP Yoshinaga, H (corresponding author), Taiyo Koko Co Ltd, Ako Lab, Ako 6780232,
Japan.
CR *ISIJ, 1980, TEKKOU BINRAN, V3, P738
Kawabata A, 2000, J JPN I MET, V64, P221, DOI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.4_221
Narita K., 1969, TETSU HAGANE, V55, P981, DOI
NARITA K, 1966, B JAPAN I METALS, V5, P247
Ogino K., 1978, TETSU TO HAGANE, V64, P232
OGURO K, 1998, STANDARD EVALUATION, P275
Tsukahara M, 1998, J ALLOY COMPD, V265, P257, DOI 10.1016/S0925-8388(97)00286-7
Tsukahara M, 2000, J ELECTROCHEM SOC, V147, P2941, DOI 10.1149/1.1393628
Tsukahara M, 1996, J ALLOY COMPD, V245, P59, DOI 10.1016/S0925-8388(96)02484-X
TSUKAHARA M, 1999, MAT JAPAN, V38, P230
TSUKAHARA M, 1998, V BASED HYDROGEN STO, P178
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU JAPAN INST METALS & MATERIALS
PI SENDAI
SN 0021-4876
EI 1880-6880
J9 J JPN I MET
JI J. Jpn. Inst. Met.
PD DEC
PY 2002
VL 66
IS 12
BP 1340
EP 1344
DI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.66.12_1340
PG 5
GA 639VG
UT WOS:000180649600025
OA Bronze
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Argyropoulos, SA
AF Argyropoulos, SA
BE Anjier, JL
TI Development of a sensor to measure velocity in high temperature liquid
metals
SE LIGHT METALS
LA English
CT 130th TMS Annual Meeting
CY FEB 11-15, 2000
CL NEW ORLEANS, LA
AB This paper will describe the development of a sensor to measure localized
velocity in high temperature liquid metals. This sensor utilizes a sphere which is
immersed in a moving liquid metal. By measuring the melting time of sphere, the
liquid metal velocity can be inferred. The elementals for the development of this
sensor were carried out in a commercial purity aluminum bath and in liquid low
carbon steel. In developing the sensor, we investigated a range of bath
temperatures, as well as the impact of different sphere diameters. Results showed
that the sphere melting time was related linearly to the magnitude of flow velocity
for the range of velocities of 0-40 cm/sec and for bath superheats up to 100
degreesC. How this sensor can be adapted to be used in other high temperature
reactive liquid metals and liquid slags will be shown. In addition, a modification
of this technique to detect direction of velocity in these high temperature hostile
fluids will be described.
C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Met & Mat Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
RP Argyropoulos, SA (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, Dept Met & Mat Sci, 184
Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
CR ARGYROPOULOS SA, 1994, SCAND J METALL, V23, P48
Argyropoulos SA, 1996, CAN METALL QUART, V35, P85
MIKROVAS AC, 1993, METALL TRANS B, V24, P1009, DOI 10.1007/BF02660992
MIKROVAS AC, 1993, T ISS IRON STEEL OCT, P85
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI WARRENDALE
SN 0147-0809
BN 0-87339-480-1
J9 LIGHT MET
PY 2001
BP 1201
EP 1208
PG 8
GA BR84P
UT WOS:000167758100170
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Rabah, MA
AF Rabah, MA
BE Stewart, DL
Daley, JC
Stephens, RL
TI Metal values from used beverage cans
SO FOURTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECYCLING OF METALS AND ENGINEERED
MATERIALS, PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 4th International Symposium on Recycling of Metals and Engineered
Materials
CY OCT 22-25, 2000
CL PITTSBURGH, PA
AB In this work, metal values were prepared from used beverage cans. The cans are
made of aluminum and minor alloying metals and printed with a multi-color printing
ink. A method has been investigated to remove the printed coating using organic
solvents or by sand blasting technique in a rotating drum. Metal values of the
cleaned cans are prepared applying combined hydro and pyrometallurgical treatments.
Factors affecting the efficiency of the suggested method have been studied.
The results show that the extent of removal of the printing coating is
successfully performed with recyclable methyl ethyl ketone/dimethyl formamide
mixture. With sand blasting, it proceeds regularly with the inner diameter, the
rotation speed of the drum, the size of the sand grains and temperature. The
removed coating is stripped with the same solvent. Metal alloy(s) are prepared in
two ways. In the first way, the cans are pressed into solid blocks using hydraulic
press before melting at temperatures up to 1000degreesC using borax-sodium chloride
salt mixture as a flux. The quality of the metal obtained is a function of the salt
and temperature. The slag so formed was leached with mineral acid solutions. In the
second way, the used beverage cans are directly dissolved in mineral acids whereby
different metal values are selectively precipitated. The undissolved part is fused
with sodium carbonate at 800degreesC and processed in the same manner. Results were
explained in the light of the thermodynamic properties of the species involved.
C1 Ind Wastes Lab, CMRDI, Cairo 11421, Egypt.
RP Rabah, MA (corresponding author), Ind Wastes Lab, CMRDI, POB 87 Helwan 11421,
Cairo 11421, Egypt.
CR ARIKATA M, 1997, KOGYO ZAIRYO, V45, P119
FUJISAWA K, 1998, ICAA 6 INT C AL ALL, V104, P1741
LITALIEN M, 1997, 2 INT AL C TRAD EXH, P1157
Oosumi K., 1995, KOBELCO TECHNOL REV, V18, P34
RABAH MA, 1995, HYDROMETALLURGY, V37, P23, DOI 10.1016/0304-386X(94)00015-U
*REC CORP, 2000, REC WORLD
Sahai Y, 1998, LIGHT METALS 1998, P1233
Takahashi T., 1997, KOBE RES DEV, V47, P35
Thomas MP, 1998, LIGHT METALS 1998, P1227
WEAST RC, 1980, CRC HDB CHEM PHYSICS, pD45
WEAST RC, 1980, CRC HDB CHEM PHYSICS, pB51
WORDEN E, 1999, AM MET MARK, V107, P9
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI WARRENDALE
BN 0-87339-494-1
PY 2000
BP 1089
EP 1102
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Environmental; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering;
Materials Science
GA BU95E
UT WOS:000177472600094
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Yang, YD
Johnston, RF
Sommerville, ID
McLean, A
AF Yang, YD
Johnston, RF
Sommerville, ID
McLean, A
GP AUSIMM
AUSIMM
TI Plasma enhanced recovery of alloying elements from slags, wastes and
lean ores
SO MINPREX 2000: INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MINERAL PROCESSING AND
EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY
SE AUSTRALASIAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY PUBLICATION SERIES
LA English
CT International Congress on Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy
(MINPREX 2000)
CY SEP 11-13, 2000
CL MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
ID SCHEELITE
AB This paper presents an overview of the researches carried out in our laboratory
on the application of plasma in recovery of alloy elements from waste slags and the
treatment of lean ores, which are examples of advanced materials processing.
After briefly reviewing the early work on the reduction of nickel, chromium,
manganese, vanadium and titanium oxides, and a short investigation of the reduction
of titanium oxide from the slag resulting from the blast furnace smelting of a
titanomagnetite ore, the paper concentrates on the more recent studies on the
reduction of an Australian scheelite. In some of these experiments, aluminium was
used in addition to carbon as a reductant, in virtually all cases complete
reduction was achieved within a relatively few minutes even with carbon alone
during plasma processing. It therefore appears that this technique provides a
possible processing route to facilitate the recovery of valuable alloying elements
from non-traditional sources, or to permit process step elimination.
C1 Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4, Canada.
RP Yang, YD (corresponding author), Univ Toronto, 100 Coll St, Toronto, ON M5S 3E4,
Canada.
CR ALONSO FCN, 1987, J MINING PROCESS, V20, P137
GILLE G, 1993, P 6 2NT TUNGST S W93
GOMES JM, 1985, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V37, P29, DOI 10.1007/BF03259964
Johnston RF, 1996, MINER ENG, V9, P765, DOI 10.1016/0892-6875(96)00067-2
Jung JC, 1996, J MATER RES, V11, P1825, DOI 10.1557/JMR.1996.0230
KEMENY FL, 1989, P 47 EL FURN C ISS W, P57
MACKEY TS, 1994, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V46, P59
Oliver J. F., 1989, IRONMAK STEELMAK, V16, P17
SARUCHERA T, 1994, THESIS U TORONTO
SCHWABE WE, 1959, Patent No. 2909422
SOMMERVILLE ID, 1995, P TECHN DIV C, V14, P25
SOMMERVILLE ID, 1999, P TIO2 99 INT TIO2 I, P21
SOMMERVILLE ID, 1993, P INT S EM SEP TECHN, P305
STEPHEN WH, 1979, TUNGSTEN, P215
TERRY BS, 1990, T I MIN METALL C, V99, pC157
TERRY BS, 1990, T I MIN METALL, V99, P167
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AUSTRALASIAN INST MINING & METALLURGY
PI PARKVILLE VICTORIA
PA CLUNIES ROSS HOUSE 191 ROYAL PARADE, PARKVILLE VICTORIA, 3052, AUSTRALIA
BN 1-875776-77-X
J9 AUSTRALAS I MIN MET
PY 2000
VL 2000
IS 5
BP 571
EP 579
PG 9
GA BR46C
UT WOS:000166473700075
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT S
AU Zhang, ZG
Liu, XF
Bian, XF
AF Zhang, ZG
Liu, XF
Bian, XF
BE Starke, EA
Sanders, TH
Cassada, WA
TI Electromagnetic stirring and the cleanness of AlTiB master alloys
SO ALUMINIUM ALLOYS: THEIR PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES, PTS 1-3
SE MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM
LA English
CT 7th International Conference on Aluminium Alloys (ICAA7)
CY APR 09-14, 2000
CL CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA
DE AlTiB master alloys; cleanness; electromagnetic stirring
ID GRAIN-REFINEMENT; ALUMINUM; MECHANISM
AB The influence of electromagnetic stirring on the cleanness of AITiB master
alloys has been investigated. It is found that the slag can be deprived from AITiB
master alloys by electromagnetic stirring, and the stirring effect of A.C.magnetic
field is better than that of D.C, magnetic field, When the A.C.magnetic intensity
is 0.24 T, the slag are deprived perfectly after the melt been stirred for three
minutes. The electromagnetic stirring can improve the refining effect of AITiB
master alloys. The principle of depriving slag by electromagnetic stirring has also
been elementarily investigated. It is found that the magnetic field not only causes
the revolvement of melt, but also produces the secondary flow 1cm away from the
wall of crucible. The secondary flow is the main reason to cause depriving slag.
C1 Shandong Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan 250061, Peoples R China.
C3 Shandong University
RP Liu, XF (corresponding author), Shandong Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn,
Jinan 250061, Peoples R China.
CR BANERJI A, 1993, ACTA METALL MATER, V41, P2461, DOI 10.1016/0956-7151(93)90326-N
Birch M.E.J., 1986, ALUMINIUM TECHNOLOGY, P117
JOHNSSON M, 1993, METALL TRANS A, V24, P481, DOI 10.1007/BF02657335
Kotov VN, 1998, PHYS REV B, V58, P8495, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.8495
MOHANTY PS, 1995, ACTA METALL MATER, V43, P2001, DOI 10.1016/0956-7151(94)00405-
7
NIKUNI T, 1998, PHYS REV B, V57, P2218
STOLZ UK, 1995, ALUMINIUM, V71, P350
YANG YS, 1994, METALL T, V30, P208
ZEDALIS M, 1987, ASM INT, P347
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PI ZURICH-UETIKON
PA BRANDRAIN 6, CH-8707 ZURICH-UETIKON, SWITZERLAND
SN 0255-5476
BN 0-87849-853-2
J9 MATER SCI FORUM
PY 2000
VL 331-3
BP 373
EP 378
PN 1-3
PG 6
Engineering
GA BQ58A
UT WOS:000088851600049
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Gvelesiani, GG
Bagdavadze, DI
Baratashvili, IB
Tsagareishvili, DS
Tskhadaya, RA
AF Gvelesiani, GG
Bagdavadze, DI
Baratashvili, IB
Tsagareishvili, DS
Tskhadaya, RA
TI Thermodynamic analysis of the Al-Si-O-C system
LA English
DT Article
AB Thermodynamic analysis of the Al-Si-O-C system is undertaken using a computer,
for three batch compositions with 80, 60, and 40 mass % Al2O3 and 20, 40, and 60
mass % SiO2, respectively. The basic results are given in graphical form. For all
the compositions, the ratio of the condensed phases (the slag melt, the metallic
solution, condensed carbon), the composition of the metallic solution, and the
extraction of aluminum and silicon in the temperature range 1600-2600 K are
determined, In complete thermodynamic analysis of the Al-Si-O-C, theoretical values
of the thermodynamic functions of Al2Si are used. The thermodynamic possibility of
obtaining silicomanganese alloys by using carbon and heat treatment to reduce
aluminum and silicon oxides is demonstrated, and the optimal conditions for this
process are established.
CR BELYAEV AI, 1953, METALLURGY ALUMINUM
EMLIN BI, 1985, PHYSICOCHEMICAL INVE, P186
Gasik M.I., 1988, THEORY TECHNOLOGY FE
KATKOV OM, 1982, IZV VUZ TSV METALL, P37
Sinyarev G. B., 1982, USING COMPUTERS THER
TOLSTOGUZOV NV, 1907, REDUCTION PROCESSES, P155
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI NEW YORK
PA 150 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA
SN 0036-0295
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PY 1999
IS 4
BP 24
EP 26
PG 3
GA 297NP
UT WOS:000086089200006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU O'Connor, WK
Turner, PC
AF O'Connor, WK
Turner, PC
BE Gaballah, I
Hager, J
Solozabal, R
TI Thermal, treatment of solid wastes using the electric ARC furnace
LA English
CY SEP 05-09, 1999
AB A thermal waste treatment facility has been developed at the Albany Research
Center (ARC) over the past seven years to process a wide range of heterogeneous
mixed wastes, on a scale of 227 to 907 kg/h (500 to 2,000 1b/h). The current system
includes a continuous feed system, a 3-phase AC, 0.8 MW graphite electrode are
furnace, and a dedicated air pollution control system (APCS) which includes a
close-coupled thermal oxidizer, spray cooler, baghouse, and wet scrubber. The
versatility of the complete system has been demonstrated during 5 continuous
melting campaigns, ranging from II to 25 mt (12 to 28 st) of treated wastes per
campaign, which were conducted on waste materials such as (a) municipal incinerator
ash, (b) simulated low-level radioactive, high combustible-bearing mixed wastes,
(c) simulated low-level radioactive liquid tank wastes, (d) heavy-metal
contaminated soils, and (e) organic-contaminated dredging spoils. In all cases, the
glass or slag products readily passed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) Toxicity Characteristic Leachability Program (TCLP) test. Additional studies
are currently under way on electric utility wastes, steel and aluminum industry
wastes, as well as zinc smelter residues. Thermal treatment of these solid waste
streams is intended to produce a metallic product along with non-hazardous glass or
slag products.
C1 US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
Laboratory - USA
RP O'Connor, WK (corresponding author), US Dept Energy, Albany Res Ctr, 1450 Queen
Ave SW, Albany, OR 97321 USA.
CR OCONNOR WK, 1998, DIRECT SMELTING IRON, P35
OCONNOR WK, 1997, EVALUATION REPORT ME, P43
OCONNOR WK, 1996, EVALUATION REPORT DI, P27
OCONNOR WK, 1998, P INT C INC THERM TR, P15
OCONNOR WK, 1997, VITRIFICATION CONTAM, P185
OCONNOR WK, 1996, P INT C INC THERM TR, P559
ODEN LL, 1994, ASME US BUREAU MINES, V24, P115
ODEN LL, 1995, PHASE 1 DEMONSTRATIO, P158
SOELBERG NR, 1994, EGGWTD11138 ID NAT E, P337
SOELBERG NR, 1995, INEL950502 LOCKH ID, P281
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI WARRENDALE
BN 84-923445-6-3
PY 1999
BP 203
EP 212
PG 4
GA BQ57D
UT WOS:000088804300022
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Seo, JD
Kim, SH
Lee, CH
AF Seo, JD
Kim, SH
Lee, CH
GP ISS
ISS
TI Thermodynamic assessment of Mg and Al deoxidation reactions in liquid
iron
SO 58TH IRONMAKING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
SE IRONMAKING CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 58th Ironmaking Conference
CY MAR 21-24, 1999
CL CHICAGO, IL
DE clean steel technology; deoxidation; equilibrium constant; interaction
parameter; stability diagram
ID ALUMINUM OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; MAGNESIUM; MELTS; SLAGS; SOLUBILITY; ALLOYS
C1 Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Engn, Pohang 790784, Kyungbuk, South
Korea.
RP Seo, JD (corresponding author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Engn,
Pohang 790784, Kyungbuk, South Korea.
CR [Anonymous], 1988, STEELM DAT SOURC, P45
BREITZMANN M, 1988, STEEL RES, V59, P289, DOI 10.1002/srin.198801505
Han QY, 1997, STEEL RES, V68, P9, DOI 10.1002/srin.199701770
HOLCOMB GR, 1992, METALL TRANS B, V23, P789, DOI 10.1007/BF02656457
Knacke O, 1991, THERMOCHEMICAL PROPE, V2nd, P1171
Kobayashi K., 1967, TETSU TO HAGANE, V53, P141
RHODE LE, 1971, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V42, P165
STPIERRE GR, 1977, METALL TRANS B, V8, P215, DOI 10.1007/BF02657649
SWISHER JH, 1967, T METALL SOC AIME, V239, P123
Trojan P.K., 1961, T ASM, V54, P549
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IRON & STEEL SOCIETY
PI WARRENDALE
SN 1528-5669
BN 1-886362-32-7
J9 IRONM CONF PROC
PY 1999
VL 58
BP 751
EP 758
PG 8
GA BS41D
UT WOS:000169763400073
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Verma, SK
Babu, KK
AF Verma, SK
Babu, KK
TI Electrolytic Zinc production at Vizag Smelter
LA English
DT Article
AB Hindustan Zinc Limited operates 30,000 MTPA capacity Zinc Smelter at
Visakhapatnam. Zinc is produced by hydrometallurgical route. Sulphidic zinc
concentrate is blended and roasted in Fluosolid Roaster to produce calcine (Zinc
Oxide) and SO2 gas which is converted to sulphuric acid by Contact process.
Calcine is leached with return spent acid in two stages - Neutral Leaching and
Acid Leaching. Slurry is thickened for solid - liquid separation. Resulting neutral
overflow solution is subjected to three step purification to get pure zinc sulphate
solution.
Purified neutral solution is electrolysed in conventional Cell House consisting
of 360 cells.
Electrolytic zinc deposits on aluminium cathode sheets, stripping of zinc is
carried out after 24 hours. Zinc cathodes are melted and cast into ingots. Zinc
dress is recycled. Zinc ferrite residue is processed by pyrometallurgical route in
waelz kiln to improve zinc recovery and to produce environmentally inert slag,
cadmium metal and Silver concentrate are recovered. Liquid effluents an treated in
a modern Effluent Treatment plant to remove heavy metals. Gaseous emissions are
controlled.
C1 Hindustan Zin Ltd, Visakhapatnam 530015, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Verma, SK (corresponding author), Hindustan Zin Ltd, Visakhapatnam 530015,
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI CALCUTTA
PA METAL HOUSE, PLOT 13/4, BLOCK AQ, SECTOR V, SALT LAKE, CALCUTTA 700 091,
INDIA
SN 0019-493X
PD OCT
PY 1998
VL 51
IS 5
BP 405
EP 412
PG 8
GA 192NM
UT WOS:000080085300027
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Basargin, NN
Kalenchenko, TY
Rozovskii, YG
Sitko, AI
AF Basargin, NN
Kalenchenko, TY
Rozovskii, YG
Sitko, AI
TI Photometric determination of aluminum with anthrazochrome in silicate
materials of metallurgical production
SO INDUSTRIAL LABORATORY
LA English
DT Article
AB A rapid, reliable, and selective method for photometric determination of
aluminum with anthrazochrome reagent in blast-furnace, steel-smelting, and
converter slags, frits, glass lubricant, and ferrosilicon within the range of
concentrations of 0.5 - 20% Al2O3 with an accuracy of 0.23 - 3% is described. This
method is tested on standard samples of composition.
C1 NATL ACAD SCI UKRAINE,INST FERROUS MET,DNEPROPETROV,UKRAINE.
C3 National Academy of Sciences Ukraine; Iron & Steel Institute of Z. I.
Nekrasov of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
RP Basargin, NN (corresponding author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST ORE DEPOSIT GEOL
PETROG MINERAL & GEOCHEM,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
CR BASARGIN NN, 1980, ORGANIC REAGENTS CHE, P130
BASARGIN NN, 1973, METHODS CHEM MICROAN, P87
*MDNTP, 1991, CURR AV METH AN MON
TIKHONOV VN, 1978, DETERMINATION ALUMIN
1976, THEORETICAL PRACTICA
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PLENUM PUBL CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA CONSULTANTS BUREAU, 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013
SN 0019-8447
J9 IND LAB+
JI Ind. Lab.
PD MAR
PY 1997
VL 63
IS 3
BP 132
EP 134
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Characterization &
Testing
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA YL221
UT WOS:A1997YL22100003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT C
AU Gortais, J
Parra, R
Lemort, F
Allibert, M
AF Gortais, J
Parra, R
Lemort, F
Allibert, M
BE Spear, KE
TI Complex interfacial controls of the mass transfer in some
pyrometallurgical processes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH TEMPERATURE
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
SE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY SERIES
LA English
CT 9th International Conference on High Temperature Materials Chemistry
(HTMC IX)
CY MAY 19-23, 1997
CL PENN STATE, UNIVERSITY PK, PA
HO PENN STATE
AB In some pyrometallurgical processes reactions occur between liquid phases that
are initially far from thermodynamic equilibrium. New experimental results are
reported providing examples of situations in which the system accelerates the
chemical energy dissipation through the formation of dynamic or static patterns.
The first was observed during liquid copper oxidation by a copper oxide containing
slag. The mass transfer was enhanced by one order of magnitude by interfacial
turbulence. The second consist in the formation of an arborescent solid interfacial
layer observed during the reduction of silica by an aluminum-containing copper
alloy. The interfacial area increased by two orders of magnitude during the initial
oxidation step. The third is related to the formation of a thin semi-permeable
layer of MgO between a liquid Zn-Mg alloy and a fluoride melt in experiments of
separation of actinides from lanthanides. This lead to the formation of dispersed
metallic particles in the fluoride phase at various scales. All this provides
examples of different responses of a liquid-liquid interface when diffusion alone
is too slow to dissipate an initially large departure from equilibrium.
RP Gortais, J (corresponding author), ECOLE NATL SUPER ELECTROCHIM & ELECTROME
GRENOBLE,THERMODYNAM & PHYSICOCHIM MET LAB,CNRS,UJF,F-38402 ST MARTIN DHER,FRANCE.
RI Parra-Saldívar, Roberto/D-9611-2012
OI Parra-Saldívar, Roberto/0000-0002-4958-5797
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2896
BN 1-56677-190-0
J9 ELEC SOC S
PY 1997
VL 97
IS 39
BP 381
EP 388
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Electrochemistry
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry
GA BK03T
UT WOS:A1997BK03T00049
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Pecovsky, D
Kijac, J
Ferketic, V
AF Pecovsky, D
Kijac, J
Ferketic, V
TI Elimination of nitrogen from steel by synthetic slags.
SO METALURGIJA
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLUBILITY; MELTS
AB The increase of the nitrogen transport in the slag is improved when the surface
activity of the oxygen and sulphur in liquid steel is decreased and in interface
resistant against the metal reduction. Presented are the conditions for the
nitrogen transport from steel to slag. The degree of the nitrogen desorbtion from
the liquid steel has changed depending on the chemical composition of the slag, on
its basicity, on the slag amount, oxygen and sulphur content in metal, or in slag
respectively. The oxygen potential on the system was controlled by the aluminium in
the steel. The furnace atmosphere was created by means of argon. In the course of
the research work the denitrogenization and insulation ability of the casting
powder MOLD Z-5 used in VSZ a, s. were tested.
C1 TECH UNIV,FAC MET,KOSICE,SLOVAKIA.
UNIV ZAGREB,FAC MET SITA 2,ZAGREB 41000,CROATIA.
C3 Technical University Kosice; University of Zagreb
CR FERREIRA JP, 1992, IRON STEELMAKER, P43
KIMIHISA I, 1988, MET T B, P419
MARTINEZ E, 1993, ISIJ INT, V33, P48, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.33.48
MARTINEZ ER, 1987, STEEL RES, P485
MARTINEZ RE, 1990, METALL TRANS B, V21, P105
SANO M, 1984, T ISIJ, P825
YAMANAKA R, 1992, ISIJ INT, V32, P136, DOI 10.2355/isijinternational.32.136
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI ZAGREB
SN 0543-5846
J9 METALURGIJA
JI Metalurgija
PD JAN-MAR
PY 1997
VL 36
IS 1
BP 65
EP 68
PG 4
GA WH889
UT WOS:A1997WH88900012
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU Argent, B
AF Argent, B
TI The need for basic thermodynamic data to guide process development
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUILIBRIA
AB The present paper concentrates on processes where the prediction of the
energetics of reactions or the phase constitution of the products is likely to
shorten or simplify the development programme. One of the earliest selfsustaining
reaction synthesis processes was the Goldschmidt or Thermit process applied to
welding rails. This is an example of a reaction where reasonable predictions of the
outcome can be made on the basis of a very simple model of the process which can be
justified a posteriori by a more complete analysis, including a consideration of
the molten slag formed and the potential for forming Fe-AE alloys. A second example
is art exploration of the feasibility of forming titanium diboride from titania,
borax, and aluminium in the presence of an inert gas. In this instance, pressure is
a useful variable which is quantitatively explored and compared with earlier work
by Ray on the formation of titanium diboride from titania, boron trioxide, and
aluminium. A more challenging problem is the choice of the most suitable reactants
to form the 123 superconducting compound in the Y-Ba-Cu-O system. Here, attention
is concentrated on the reaction enthalpies associated with the choice of different
reactants, and predictions ave compared with results obtained by Chen and Sharp.
This problem is also used to support the case for high quality thermochemical data
and models, particularly when control is required of, for example, oxygen
stoichiometry to obtain good superconducting properties. Finally consideration of
the reinforcement of aluminium alloys with silicon carbide is used to show the
importance of side reactions in affecting the quality of the final products.
RP Argent, B (corresponding author), UNIV SHEFFIELD,DEPT MAT ENGN,SHEFFIELD,S
YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND.
CR [Anonymous], HIGH TEMPERATURE SCI
BALE CW, 1993, 2ND P INT S COMP SOF
BARRY TI, 1993, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V45, P32, DOI 10.1007/BF03223284
BERNARD C, 1993, FAL P MRS M
CHEN HJ, 1992, J MATER SCI LETT, V11, P1223, DOI 10.1007/BF00729774
ERIKSSON G, 1975, CHEM SCRIPTA, V8, P100
RAY SP, 1992, METALL TRANS A, V23, P2381, DOI 10.1007/BF02658040
Sundman B., 1987, COMPUTER HANDLING DI, P154
1994, GENERATION CRITICAL
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0267-0836
PD DEC
PY 1995
VL 11
IS 12
BP 1301
EP 1305
DI 10.1179/mst.1995.11.12.1301
PG 5
Engineering
GA TV195
UT WOS:A1995TV19500011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU PATHAK, JP
AF PATHAK, JP
TI ALUMINUM-MATRIX HIGH-ALUMINA SLAG PARTICULATE COMPOSITES - PRODUCTION
AND PROPERTIES
LA English
DT Article
DE ALUMINUM; SLAG; COMPOSITE; IMPELLER MIXER; MECHANICAL PROPERTY; WEAR
ID LEADED ALUMINUM; FABRICATION; ALLOYS
AB Aluminium-matrix high alumina slag (2 to 16 wt%) particulate composites were
prepared by impeller mixing and bottom discharge chill casting foundry technique.
Slag particles dispersed uniformly in the aluminium-matrix but their flocculation
could not be avoided when the amount of slag exceeded more than 4 wt% (26 mum
particle size) and 8 wt% (105 mum particle size), respectively. Tensile strength,
0.2% off set yield stress, hardness and elongation of composite increased with
increase in slag content but only up to a certain amount, beyond which all the
properties decreased. A pin-on-disc wear test machine was used to evaluate wear
property of the composite as a function of applied load and velocity under dry
sliding conditions at a relative humidity of about 65% and room temperature (28-
degrees-C). Wear rate of composite increased with increased load or sliding
velocity. Wear rate first decreased with increase in slag content, attained a
minimum value and then increased with further increase in slag concentration.
Aluminium-matrix showed higher wear rate than the composite irrespective of the
amount of slag and its particle size.
RP PATHAK, JP (corresponding author), BANARAS HINDU UNIV,DEPT MET ENGN,VARANASI
221005,UTTAR PRADESH,INDIA.
CR [Anonymous], 1991, METAL MATRIX COMPOSI
BADIA FA, 1971, AFS T, V79, P347
BANERJI A, 1983, METALL TRANS B, V14, P273, DOI 10.1007/BF02661024
Broutman LJ, 1967, MODERN COMPOSITE MAT
CHOO WK, 1980, J KOREAN I METALS, V18, P11
LEEC S, 1992, J MATER SCI, V27, P793
LEVI CG, 1978, METALL TRANS A, V9, P697, DOI 10.1007/BF02659927
MEHRABIAN R, 1974, METALL TRANS, V5, P1899, DOI 10.1007/BF02644158
Mehrabian R, 1975, LIGHT MET, V2, P177
PAI BC, 1976, MATER SCI ENG, V24, P31, DOI 10.1016/0025-5416(76)90092-6
PATHAK JP, 1979, MET TECHNOL, V6, P442, DOI 10.1179/030716979803276822
PATHAK JP, 1986, WEAR, V112, P341, DOI 10.1016/0043-1648(86)90178-X
PATHAK JP, 1979, INDIAN FOUNDRY J JUL
PRASAD SV, 1987, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V39, P22, DOI 10.1007/BF03257531
PURUSHOTTAM KP, 1978, THESIS BANARAS HINDU
RANNA F, 1989, METALL T A, V20, P1564
RAO NBR, 1983, THESIS BANARAS HINDU
Rohatgi P. K., 1986, International Metals Reviews, V31, P115
ROHATGI PK, 1907, J MATER SCI, V14, P2277
SARKAR AD, 1969, WEAR METALS, V11, P69
SATO A, 1976, METALL TRANS B, V7, P443, DOI 10.1007/BF02652716
SURAPPA MK, 1983, J MATER SCI, V16, P4
SURAPPA MK, 1982, WEAR, V77, P395
Tabor D, 1951, HARDNESS METALS
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI COPENHAGEN
SN 0371-0459
J9 SCAND J METALL
PD OCT
PY 1993
VL 22
IS 5
BP 260
EP 265
PG 6
GA MQ583
UT WOS:A1993MQ58300003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU GASIK, MI
NOVIKOV, NV
MATVIENKO, VA
BELIKOV, YV
TADZHIBAEV, NT
ILIN, VV
AF GASIK, MI
NOVIKOV, NV
MATVIENKO, VA
BELIKOV, YV
TADZHIBAEV, NT
ILIN, VV
TI INTRODUCTION OF LOW SULFUR, HIGH-CARBON FERROCHROMIUM PRODUCTION
SO STEEL IN TRANSLATION
LA English
DT Article
AB Previous studies of the sources of sulphur entering the furnace bath and its
behaviour during ferrochromium smelting have shown that, thermodynamically and
kinetically, there remains scope for lowering the sulphur content of ferrochromium
by after-furnace methods. Technology has been developed for smelting high carbon,
low sulphur ferrochromium with some of the semicoke in the charge replaced with
crushed cathode blocks from aluminium electrolytic cells. The spent blocks consist
of a carbon substance and lamellar compounds formed by carbon and sodium fluoride
salts from the electrolyte. The composition of the blocks promotes the production
of the necessary physical properties of the slag phase, increases its
desulphurising capacity, and reduces the MgO/Al2O3 ratio in the slag, which
increases the extraction of chromium and reduces the specific electric power
consumption.
C1 AKTYUBINSK FERROALLOYS WORKS,AKTYUBINSK,RUSSIA.
MET TRADING HOUSE,MOSCOW,RUSSIA.
RP GASIK, MI (corresponding author), DNEPROPETROVSK FERROUS MET
INST,DNEPROPETROVSK,UKRAINE.
RI Gasik, Michael/G-2224-2013
OI Gasik, Michael/0000-0002-5782-7987
CR GASIK MI, 1988, STEEL USSR, V18, P354
GASIK MI, 1988, THEORY PRACTICE FERR
GASIK MI, 1974, FERROALLOY PRODUCTIO, P171
KATS MS, 1968, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRIN, P32
KOLOYARTSEV VL, 1971, METALLY, P32
NAZYUTA LY, 1988, CHERNAYA METALL B NT, P39
SAKHARUK PA, 1961, METALL KOKSOKHIM PRO, P19
1989, TOPICAL S P USSR, P80
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0967-0912
J9 STEEL TRANSL
JI Steel Transl.
PD MAR
PY 1992
VL 22
IS 3
BP 132
EP 134
PG 3
GA KK275
UT WOS:A1992KK27500011
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU SUITO, H
INOUE, H
INOUE, R
AF SUITO, H
INOUE, H
INOUE, R
TI ALUMINUM-OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN CAO-AL2O3 MELTS AND LIQUID-IRON
LA Japanese
DT Article
DE CAO-AL2O3 SLAGS; ALUMINUM-OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM; DEOXIDATION; ACTIVITY OF
AL2O3; SUPERSATURATION
ID SYSTEM; FE; AL
AB Aluminium-oxygen equilibria between CaO-Al2O3 melts and liquid iron were studied
in the temperature range of 1823 to 1923 K, using alumina and lime crucibles. The
equilibrium constant K for the reaction: 2Al + 3O = Al2O3 was discussed with
reference to the supersaturation for nucleation of alumina, and compared with the
previous experimental and thermodynamic data. The supersaturation was observed in
the experiments in which an Fe-Al alloy with low concentrations of initial oxygen
was used under the condition of no stirring. Supersaturation increased with a
decrease of oxygen content in liquid iron. Two types of alumina inclusions with a
size of 2-5-mu-m and below 0.1-mu-m were observed by SEM.
C1 TOHOKU UNIV,GRAD SCH,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
RP SUITO, H (corresponding author), TOHOKU UNIV,MINERAL DRESSING & MET RES
INST,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN.
CR BOGDANDY L, 1963, ARCH EISENHUTTENWES, V34, P235
2916.1990.tb05083.x
HEPWORTH MT, 1966, T METALL SOC AIME, V236, P1278
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI TOKYO
SN 0021-1575
J9 TETSU TO HAGANE
PD MAR
PY 1992
VL 78
IS 3
BP 375
EP 382
PG 8
GA HG684
UT WOS:A1992HG68400006
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU LYADOVA, VY
MODEL, MS
GANZA, ME
KHANGULOV, VV
MASHKOV, VM
BUDZIK, R
AF LYADOVA, VY
MODEL, MS
GANZA, ME
KHANGULOV, VV
MASHKOV, VM
BUDZIK, R
TI FORMATION OF LOW-TEMPERATURE MELTS AT BOUNDARIES OF QUARTZ GRAINS IN
FLUXED IRON-ORE RAW-MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
AB The tridymite-wollastonite-hematite eutectic of the CaO-Fe2O3-SiO2 system, which
forms at 1204-degrees-C at grain boundaries of high melting quartz (T(m,p.) = 1713-
degrees-C), is the source of low-temperature slag melts in fluxed iron-ore raw
materials roasted in an oxidizing atmosphere.The formation of this eutectic on
heating of a mixture corresponding to the composition 28-3 % Fe2O3, 23.8 % CaO and
47.9 % SiO2 to 1,204-degrees-C has been confirmed experimentally. With an increase
of the temperature of sintering in air from 1204-degrees to 1260-degrees-C, primary
eutectic melts are saturated with iron, calcium and aluminium oxides and
transformed into final melts which form bonds in the prepared material. With the
basicity roughly 1.0, wollastonite crystallizes in these bonds. In microvolumes
with a high basicity (2.0-2.5), silicate melts impregnate solid-phase
aluminosilicoferrites (formed at 970-degrees - 1200-degrees-C) and combine into a
phase composite of aluminosilicoferrite and glass.
CR Korotich VI., 1978, FUNDAMENTALS THEORY
MALYSHEVA TY, 1988, IRON ORE RAW MATERIA
Model M. S., 1990, FERRITE FORMATION IR
OSBORN EF, 1960, PHASE EQUILIBRIUM DI, P10
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
SN 0036-0295
J9 RUSS METALL+
JI Russ. Metall.
PY 1992
IS 6
BP 9
EP 14
PG 6
GA KZ805
UT WOS:A1992KZ80500002
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU BANERJEE, JP
GHOSH, DN
AF BANERJEE, JP
GHOSH, DN
TI SOME STUDY ON THE BARE BATH DEOXIDATION OF LOW-CARBON ALLOY-STEEL WITH
ALUMINUM IN AN ELECTRIC-ARC FURNACE
LA English
DT Article
AB The bare bath deoxidation of low-carbon alloy steel by various amount of
aluminium was investigated in a 50 T electric arc furnace. The reducing slagmaking
practice was kept same for all the heats. The temperature of the bath during the
process was maintained at 1600-degrees-C. The dissolved oxygen and total oxygen
content in those heats were measured as a function of reducing period using probe
and quenched pin samples taken from the melts. The dissolved oxygen values
indicates that the deoxidation of steel reaches steady state within 5-10 mins. for
0.1 and 0.15% Al and 20-30 mins. for 0.05 and 0.07% Al addition. However, total
oxygen took almost 90-100 mins. and more than 120 mins. for 0.05 and 0.07% Al
addition to reach the steady state. The FeO content of the slag was reduced quite
appreciably by higher amount of aluminium addition. The number of inclusion was
found to be much lower with higher amount of Al, and was found to be pure Al2O3.
From the investigation it was proposed that 0.10% of aluminium addition cuts down
the reducing period by 30-40% and also helps to produce cleaner steel.
C1 INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT MET ENGN,KHARAGPUR 721302,W BENGAL,INDIA.
Technology (IIT) - Kharagpur
RP BANERJEE, JP (corresponding author), IND DEV BANK,B-022,PRAGATI VIHAR,NEW
DELHI,INDIA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI CALCUTTA
PA 33A, CHOWRINGHEE RD, CALCUTTA 700071, INDIA
SN 0019-493X
PD DEC
PY 1991
VL 44
IS 6
BP 441
EP 449
PG 9
GA HN192
UT WOS:A1991HN19200003
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU BURTSEV, VT
ZHURAVLEV, VM
YUGOV, PI
SHETTLER, I
AF BURTSEV, VT
ZHURAVLEV, VM
YUGOV, PI
SHETTLER, I
TI THERMODYNAMICS OF DEPHOSPHORIZATION OF IRON CARBON MELTS BY SLAGS BASED
ON OXIDES, CHLORIDES, AND FLUORIDES OF CALCIUM, ALUMINUM, AND BARIUM
SO STEEL IN THE USSR
LA English
DT Article
AB The dephosphorising capacity (phosphate and phosphide) of non-traditional slags
based on calcium, aluminium, and barium oxides, chlorides, and fluorides was
investigated to fill gaps in knowledge on the scope for using such slags in
converter refining of phosphoric irons. Slag without barium oxides but containing
over 70% calcium chloride has a good dephosphorising capacity, while slags with 13-
38%BaO are similar to those with 47-50%CaCl2. Some CaF2 can be replaced by Al2O3,
in which case additions of up to 10% of Na2O can improve dephosphorising capacity.
Compositions giving the best phosphate capacity are indicated.
C1 CENT FERROUS MET RES INST,MOSCOW,USSR.
MOSCOW STEEL & ALLOYS INST,MOSCOW,USSR.
RP BURTSEV, VT (corresponding author), AA BAIKOV MET INST,MOSCOW,USSR.
CR BALKOVOI YV, 1987, 1ST ORDER INTERACTIO
Burtsev V. T., 1989, IZV AN SSSR MET, P5
BURTSEV VT, 1975, Patent No. 460302
BURTSEV VT, 1987, DESORPTION GAS LIQUI
INOUE M, 1983, J IRON STEEL I JPN, V68, P24
MINAEV YA, 1989, STEEL USSR, V19, P27548
NAKAMURA T, 1986, J JPN I MET, V50, P456, DOI 10.2320/jinstmet1952.50.5_456
TABUSHI S, 1984, J IRON STEEL I JPN, V70, P135
YAMAMOTO M, 1982, T IRON STEEL I JPN, V22, P262
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0038-9218
J9 STEEL USSR
PD APR
PY 1991
VL 21
IS 4
BP 151
EP 153
PG 3
GA HV186
UT WOS:A1991HV18600004
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU POZHIVANOV, AM
ERMOLAEVA, EI
MANYUGIN, AP
KUKARTSEV, VM
AF POZHIVANOV, AM
ERMOLAEVA, EI
MANYUGIN, AP
KUKARTSEV, VM
TI SLAG-FORMING MIXTURES IN CONTINUOUS-CASTING OF HIGH ALUMINUM STEEL
SO STEEL IN THE USSR
LA English
DT Article
RP POZHIVANOV, AM (corresponding author), LIPETSK POLYTECH INST,LIPETSK,USSR.
CR EDNERAL FP, 1967, MOSCOW EVENING I MET, V5, P152
ERMOLAEVA EI, 1981, USSR MINISTRY FERROU, V7, P80
LEITES AV, 1980, STEEL USSR, V10, P246
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST MATERIALS
PI LONDON
SN 0038-9218
J9 STEEL USSR
PD SEP
PY 1986
VL 16
IS 9
BP 425
EP 427
PG 3
GA H0406
UT WOS:A1986H040600009
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU NAGATA, K
KAWAKAMI, M
GOTO, KS
AF NAGATA, K
KAWAKAMI, M
GOTO, KS
TI ELECTROCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF RATE CONTROLLING STEP OF SILICON AND
ALUMINUM TRANSFER BETWEEN MOLTEN SLAG AND METAL, AND ESTIMATION OF
INTERDIFFUSIVITY OF SIO2 AND CAO, AL2O3 IN SLAG
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 TOKYO INST TECHNOL,DEPT MET,OOKAYAMA 2-12,TOKYO,JAPAN.
C3 Tokyo Institute of Technology
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534
SN 0013-4651
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 1975
VL 122
IS 3
BP C92
EP C92
PG 1
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA V7590
UT WOS:A1975V759000269
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU SOSIPATR.VT
TATYANSH.AG
BYKOV, GD
AGEEV, PY
AF SOSIPATR.VT
TATYANSH.AG
BYKOV, GD
AGEEV, PY
TI BEHAVIOUR OF OXYGEN, NITROGEN AND ALUMINIUM DURING MELTING AND INGOT
SOLIDIFICATION OF 08YU STEEL AFTER TEEMING UNDER AN EXOTHERMIC SLAG
LA English
DT Article
CR HOUDREMONT E, 1966, SPECIAL STEELS, V2
KOZLOV VI, 1967, FIZIKO KHIMICHESKIYE, P336
LITVINENKO DA, 1968, KHOLODNOKATANAYA NES
NOSOV VA, 1967, FIZIKO KHIMICHESKIYE, P331
SOSIPATROV VT, 1970, STAL, P900
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
J9 STAL ENGL
PY 1970
IS 10
BP 783
EP &
PG 0
GA I5549
UT WOS:A1970I554900010
DA 2023-12-05
ER
PT J
AU [Anonymous]
AF [Anonymous]
TI REFINING STRUCTURAL STEELS PRODUCED IN ELECTRIC FURNACES IN LADLE WITH A
MOLTEN LIMESTONE AND ALUMINIUM OXIDE SLAG
LA English
DT Note
CR 1965, STAL, P618
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
J9 STAL ENGL
PY 1965
IS 7
BP 545
EP &
PG 0
GA 73781
UT WOS:A19657378100029
DA 2023-12-05
ER
EF

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