ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL AND GEOHAZARD ASSESSMENT

REPORT OF COMMERCIAL SAND AND GRAVEL QUARRY AT

BRGY. BUNAGIT, MUNICIPALITY OF ESPERANZA,
AGUSAN DEL SUR

For:

Ms. Erlita P. Mancognahan.

1. GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 Project Description
The applied area is located for at Pusilaw River, Barangay Bunagit,
Municipality of Esperanza, Agusan del Sur. The Municipality of Esperanza is
located at north-western portion of the Province of Agusan del Sur and the
project area is approximately 45 km road distance NW of Bayugan City. The
project area is under the name of Ms. Erlita P. Mancognahan with an area of
4.5080 hectares more or less for Commercial Sand and Gravel Quarry
Permit. The technical description of the project area is presented below.
Table 1. Technical Description of the Project Area

Corner No. Latitude Longitude

1 8°37’35.09’’ 125°29’47.19’’
2 8°37’35.75’’ 125°29’45.22’’
3 8°37’44.45’’ 125°29’43.32’’
4 8°37’47.65’’ 125°29’43.42’’
5 8°37’47.64’’ 125°29’48.74’’

1.2 Location and Accessibility

The project area accessible via Bayugan-Esperanza Road and Agusan-
Malabalay Road with approximately 41 km and 1 hour away from Bayugan
City (see Figure 1). The prosed area is situated at the portion of Pusilao
River which is observed with the presence of sediments such as sands,
pebbles and cobbles size sediments along its banks which is expected at any
river deposit and economically potential for Commercial Sand and Gravel

Quarry.
Figure 1- Access route from Bayugan City to Municipality of Esperanza.
1.3 Limitation
The inspection was limited on the 4.5 hectares located at Pusilaw River,
Barangay Bunagit, Municipality of Esperanza, Agusan del Sur under the
name of Ms. Erlita P. Mancognahan. Geological evidence is observable and
outcrop was located for the inspected area was located along Pusilaw River.
The provided data was limited to the geological report for Commercial Sand
and Gravel Extraction Quarry, recent site scoping report provided by the
client and various websites (Figure 2).

Figure 2 Site Scoping and river profiling during field investigation.

1.4 METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES OF DATA
1.4.1 Research and Field Works
The NAVI Geo-Engineering Services conducted the site investigation on April
12. 2021 at the said location. Global Positioning System was used to pinpoint
the location of the proposed CSAG Quarry area and with the local guide.
River mapping was conducted for ocular inspection of exposed river deposit
and its underlying lithology. Also, existing reports were collected to be the
basis and to support the data collected. Information thru various websites
and applications for available maps, such PHILVOCS and Google Earth were
used and consolidated.
1.4.2 Primary Source of Data
Significant data was collected and based from the site scoping reports, maps
from MGB, Lexicon Stratigraphy 2008 for geology and grass root mapping.
1.4.3 Secondary Source of Data
Related literature and other websites were visited to gather other relevant
information that could support the data of this report.
1.5 Climate
Based on the modified coronas classification, it shows that the Province of
Agusan del Sur which Municipality of Esperanza resides falls under Type II
which means it has no dry season with very pronounced wet season of heavy
precipitation (Figure 3).
Based on Köppen climate classification, the Province belongs to the tropical
climate which has great deal with rainfall even in the driest month. Climate
data from PAGASA shows that maximum rainfall generally occurs from
December to January although there is no single dry month. Its average
monthly rainfall is 355 millimetres (14.0 in) and average temperature is
27.15 °C (80.87 °F).
 Figure 3. Climate Map of the Philippines bases on the Modified Coronas
Classification

2. REGIONAL SETTING
2.1 Regional Geology
The project area is situated along Pusilaw River, Barangay Bunagit and
within the center portion of Municipality of Esperanza, Agusan del Sur. The
project area lies on the alluvial, paludal & lacustrine deposits that could
derive from the basin-like structure of the region (Figure 4). It is bounded by
predominantly sedimentary deposit and patches of volcanic rocks at
northwest ward of Municipality of Esperanza. The sedimentary rock is
composed mainly of Upper Miocene to Pliocene sandstone and carbonates
which belong to Wawa Formation consisting of lower sandstone member and
an upper carbonate member. It is also noted that it lies with in the lower
clastic member known as Luanan Sandstone which is fluviatile sequence of
loose and crossbeded sands and gravel lenses were also noted. (Lexicon of
Philippine stratigraphy 2008).

Figure 4 - Agusan Davai Basin Geologic Map.

2.2 Tectonic Setting
The Municipality of Esperanza where the project is located, situated on the
northwest of Philippine fault line. The Philippine fault line traverses along the
Agusan-Davao basin where the Province of Agusan del Sur is located.
Philippine fault line is a left-lateral strike-slip fault extends NW-SE and it
extends down from Davao Gulf in the south, bisect the Caraga Region at the
Agusan River basin going on the northern part of Philippine at Illocos region
in nortwest Luzon. At northwest portion of the Municipality of Esperanza
where the project is located, approximate 15 km from Barangay Bunagat,
Linugos River Fault is located and at its northeast portion Esperanza fault
segment is located approximately 35 km away. (Figure 5)

Figure 5 - Distribution of Active Faults and Trenches in the Philippines.

2.3 Stratigraphy
The said project area belongs to Agusan-Davao Basin Stratigraphic grouping
and it is sub- group to Agusan basin based on the Lexicon Stratigraphy by
Peña 2008. The cover sequence of the sub-group belongs to alluvial, paludal
& lacustrine deposits which is on late Holocene assemblage of loosely
consolidated alluvial deposit. This cover is underlain by angular unconformity
separates the Wawa formation from the underlying Adgaoan Formation
(Figure 6). The Wawa formation is consist of lower sandstone member and
upper carbonate member. The sandstone of the lower member is fine grained
and argillaceous and rich in fossils and for the carbonate member consists of
upper reefal limestone and a lower portion made up detrital limestone or
coral breccia and marls.
For the Adgaoan Formation, it is composed of three facies namely, marine
clastic facies, limestone facies and non-marine clastic facies. The well-
bedded lower turbiditic sequence consists of sandstones, shales with layers
of detrital limestones and conglomerates. The conglomerates are
heterogeneous with well-rounded clasts of andesites, ultramafic rocks,
limestone and dacite. These grade into thin to medium bedded coarse
sandstones. Sandstones and shales, which are important components in the
series on account of their thickness, are calcareous and often contain shell

fragments.
 Figure 6 - Stratigraphic column of the Agusan-Davao Basin
2.4 Structural Geology
The most prominent structures at near the project area are the left lateral
strike slip “Philippine Fault Zone” traversing whole region and extend more
than 1,200 km from Luzon to Mindanao and Linugos River Fault. The
Philippine Fault zone is located east of the project area with the approximate
25km and for the Linugus River Fault is located North west of the project
area.
2.5 Geomorphology
The province of Agusan del Sur is located at southern portion of CARAGA
region in which situated along sedimentary Agusan-Davao Basin. It is North
to South oriented bounded by Pacific Cordillera on the east and Central
Cordillera on the west. It is also traversed longitudinally by the Philippine
Fault. It is formed over a mixed basement composed of ophiolitic and
metamorphic rocks of unknown ages of pre-oligocene arcs and Eocene
limestone by Geology of the Philippines.

3 SITE CONDITION
3.1 Topography
The location of Commercial Sand and Gravel Extraction Quarry generally lies
on alluvial plains thus flat terrain is generally manifested. The proposed
project situated around 50 meters above sea level (Figure 7).
 Figure 7- Shows river deposit in the project area.

3.2 Hydrology
Municipality of Esperanza is located along the flank of Agusan River and
connects and drains to Norther portion of Agusan del Norte. Pusilaw River
which the project area is located is one of the tributaries connecting to
Agusan River with more than 15 km stretch. The Pusilaw River is class B
according to the DENR Water Usage and classification.
3.3 Bedrock Lithology
The project area lies on the Holocene alluvial deposit, unfortunately, bedrock
was not encountered even to the observed exposed outcrop in the field.
Mostly sandstone was observed in the area possible driven from the Liuanan
sandstone a lower clastic member of the Wawa formation, loose and cross
bedded sands with gravel lenses. Some volcanic rocks observed mostly
identified as andesitic rocks but show rounded shape that indicated distant
origin due to transportation and erosion.
3.4 Surface deposit
Based on the field visit conducted at the project area, it was observed that
the presence of sediments deposited along its point bank such as sands(/16-
2mm), pebbles(2-64mm) and cobbles(64-256mm) sediments were observed
along the banks (Figure 8).
 Figure 8 – Shows sediment size and deposit in the project area.

4 GEOHAZARD ASSESSMENT
4.1 Geologic Hazards
4.1.1 Seismic Hazards
Based on the historical data and information gathered from Philippine
Institute of Volcanology and Seismology website, the highest recorded
earthquake within the province of the Agusan del Sur is on June 7, 1999 with
a magnitude of 5.1 and its epicenter was determined to be at 20km south of
the town of Bayugan which is originated mainly from the activity of the
Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ). Most of the affected population where at the
Town of Bunawan which is adjacent to the Municipality of Ezperansa where
the project area is located. Linugos River Fault is the nearest Active Fault
recorded by PHIVOLCS is located at approximately 16km northwest of
Barangay Bunagit, Municipality of Ezperanza, Agusan del Sur (Figure 9).

Figure 9 - PHICOLVS fault finder website shows nearby active faults.

4.1.2 Mass Movement
Since the project area lies on the alluvial plain, mass movement is nil to
slight. Landslide hazard map from Mines and Geoscience Bureau indicated
low landslide susceptibility at the said project
4.2 HYDROLOGIC HAZARDS
4.2.1 Flooding
 The project area is situated along the flood plain of Pusilaw River according
to the Detailed Landslide and Flood Hazard Map of Esperanza, Agusan del
Sur, Bunagit Quadrangle generated by MGB, the location of the project area

is situated in along the Low flood susceptibility area which means it is likely to
experience flood heights of 0.5 meter or less and/or flood duration of less
than 1 day and with addition the area is included on low hills and gentle slope
which sparse to moderate drainage density (Figure 10).
Figure 10 - Detailed Landslide and Flood Hazard Map of Municipality of
Esperanza.

5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusions
 1. The project area is situated in approximately 25 km west side portion of the
Philippine Fault Zone and 16 km south-east from Linugos River Fault. Thus,
the said project is prone to low intensity earthquakes.
2. The project area is mostly expressed alluvial deposit due to its geological
setting. Thus, the deposits observed in the area were sands (/16-2mm),
pebbles (2-64mm) and cobbles(64-256mm) sediments was observed along
the banks which is potential for Commercial Sand and Gravel Extraction
Quarry.
3. The project area is situated on flat terrain specifically at alluvial plain, thus the
probability of landslide and other type of mass movement is nil to low.
4. Flood susceptibility is low even due it has love elevation due to the project
area is located at low hills and gentle slope which sparse to low to moderate
drainage density.
5.2 Recommendations
1. As applicable, the client should adhere to the rules and regulations set by the
Provincial Mining and Regulator Board (PMRB) and Local Government Unit
to ensure proper utilization natural deposit in the said area.
2. To mitigate the possible impact of flooding in the area which imminent due to
is alluvial location, the client should quarry season that is in line with the dry
and rain season based on the Köppen climate or corona climate classification
to minimize the possible effect of flooding in quarry operation.
3. It is also recommended that client shall provide detailed safety and
emergency plans in each identified geohazard.

6 APPLICABILITY OF THE REPORT

This report and its related assessment were compiled and submitted by the
author/s exclusively for Client. The structure and substance of this report is in
accordance with the outline set forth in MGB MC 2000-33 and the assessment
were exercised based on a reasonable approached as can be expected with a
consultant preparing the same report with qualification specified under DENR
DAO NO. 2000-28.
The assessment and recommendations provided herein is entirely based on the
actual site condition on the time of survey. The passage of time may result to
changes (whether man-made or otherwise) of the actual site condition, as such
review of this report shall be considered at least after two years from the time of
the assessment unless an early review is necessary due to sudden extreme
changes of site condition. In such cases, the author/s can be inquired for
reinterpretation of this report subject to then existing rate.

7 REFERENCES
1. Rolando Peña - Lexicon Stratigraphy of Philippines – 2008
2. PHILVOCS website - www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph
3. PHILVOCS Fault Finder website - http://faultfinder.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph
4. PAGASA website - http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph
5. Google Earth Application
6. DENR website - http://water.emb.gov.ph