SOCIOLOGY – PART 2

SLOT 43 – VOCABULARY

I. Determine the parts of speech of the following vocabulary.

sweeping traction meticulous unconscionable

crackdown succumb to s.th parallel(s) inflict
emulate plight laud preach
alienate saddle with galvanize nil

II. Choosing the best answer (A, B, C or D) which indicates the word/phrase having
the CLOSEST meaning to the highlighted words/phrases in the following
sentences.

GANDHI’S SALT STRATEGY

1. Mahatma Gandhi's most successful acts of civil disobedience against Britain's oppressive
rule aimed to involve people from all socioeconomic groups and bring sweeping changes to
the entire society.
A. large
B. minor
C. quick
D. unnecessary

2. The movement gained traction, and soon Gandhi’s followers defiantly burned their British
clothing and wore the traditional cloth.
A. came under criticism
B. became unacceptable
C. came to a halt
D. became popular

3. With meticulous care, Gandhi chose his method of protest against the British when he
decided in 1930 to lead a 240-mile march to the to collect salt.
A. deliberate
B. eminent
C. painstaking
D. humble

4. He further called the tax inhumane and unjust, declaring that it was unconscionable to tax
a commodity that millions of poor people required.
A. morally unacceptable
B. thought-provoking
C. sensible
D. provisional

5. Most marchers continued to adhere to nonviolent resistance even amidst the crackdown.
A. suppression
B. depression
C. impression
D. compression

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6. India's victory came 17 years later in 1947, when the. British succumbed to pressure and
recognized India as an independent nation.
A. failed to resist pressure
B. overcame pressure
C. reduced pressure
D. escaped pressure

GANDHI’S INFLUENCE

7. Martin Luther King Jr was not the first civil rights leader to draw parallels between the
oppression of the Indian people and black people in America.
A. suggestions
B. similarities
C. oppositions
D. divergences

8. The injustice was inflicted upon black people in America.

A. imposed
B. implied
C. encouraged
D. emphasized

9. Decades before King emulated Gandhi's Salt March with his historic march from Selma to
Montgomery, civil rights leaders were working hard to bring Gandhi's message to the United
States.
A. represented
B. acclaimed
C. copied
D. indicated

10. The lawmaker compared the plight of the untouchables of India to Southern black people.
A. status quo
B. occurrence
C. sphere
D. circumstance

11. During and following World War II, many prominent leaders in the black community lauded
Gandhi's work and prepared the way for an eventual charismatic leader of their own.
A. downplayed
B. underestimated
C. honored
D. doubted

COMPETING APPROACHES TO THE CIVIL RIGHTS STRUGGLE

12. Martin Luther King Jr.'s Southern Christian Leadership Conference led one branch of the
black power movement, one that preached nonviolent resistance.
A. emphasized
B. disregarded
C. tolerated
D. administered

13. By another important criterion-one's ability to speak Americans without alienating them –
King and his allies had a mammoth advantage.
A. familiarizing

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 B. estranging
C. refusing
D. accepting

14. Though saddled with allegedly homicidal and larcenous frontmen, such groups had
lasting cultural influence.
A. troubled with
B. in line with
C. acquainted with
D. coincided with

15. They also galvanized young black people to embrace their racial identity and set into
motion a black arts renaissance, from which black theaters, art, writings, and cultural centers
developed.
A. discouraged
B. prevented
C. motivated
D. depressed

16. Malcolm X (assassinated in 1965) concentrated on separating blacks from hostile whites
and had no desire to influence the white-dominated government. 'His acceptance by
mainstream white America was almost nil, although he certainly did have white sympathizers.
A. considerable
B. varied
C. nothing
D. insufficient

17. In the early battles for racial equality, the South was the battlefield, and its institutionalized
racism the dragon that had to be slain.
A. killed
B. rendered
C. sustained
D. safeguarded

III. Match the following words with their definitions:

Answers Terms Definitions

1. sweeping A. the extent to which an idea, product, etc. gains popularity
or acceptance.
2. crackdown B. a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation.
3. emulate C. very careful and precise
4. alienate D. an action by an authority to stop something
5. traction E. earnestly advocate (a belief or course of action)
6. succumb to F. to force someone to experience something very
unpleasant
7. plight G. morally unacceptable
8. saddle with H. to shock or excite (someone) into taking action.
9. meticulous I. to copy something achieved by someone else and try to
do it as well as they have
10. parallel J. a similarity or comparison
11. laud K. to fail to resist pressure, temptation, or some other
negative force.
12. galvanize L. affecting many things or people; large
13. unconscionable M. non-existent, nothing

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 14. inflict N. to praise (a person or their achievements) highly.
15. preach O. to burden someone with an onerous responsibility or task
16. nil P. to make someone feel that they are different and not part
of a group

III. Fill in the blank spaces with the correct words/phrases from the list:

sweeping traction meticulous unconscionable

crackdown succumb to s.th parallel(s) inflict
emulate plight laud preach
alienate saddle with galvanize nil

1. To make fun of LGBT community is ______________ . It is completely unacceptable

in the civilized world.
2. My problems aren’t much compared with the ______________ of the storm victims.
3. The book describes his journey in ______________ detail.
4. The government is calling for a ______________ on drivers who speed through red
lights.
5. There are some books that attempt to draw ______________ between brains and
computers.
6. It is obvious that ______________ changes are needed in the legal system.
7. Disagreements can ______________ teenagers from their families.
8. His chance of survival was virtually ______________.
9. The strikes ______________ serious damage on the economy.
10. Officials are looking to ______________ successful ideas from other cities.
11. He is ______________ debts of $12 million.
12. Thuy Tien and My Tam are often ______________ as kind-hearted celebrities for their
charity work.
13. ______________ to pressure from the citizens, the prime minister reluctantly accepted
his resignation.
14. The prospect of his mother coming to stay ______________ him into action and he
started cleaning the house.
15. My parents have always ______________ toleration and moderation.
16. The idea of changing the structure of the school year is gaining ______________.