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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43.
Many cities and countries have identified food waste (also sometimes called avoidable food waste or
food loss and waste) as an issue. According to a 2014 study conducted by Value Chain Management
International, the amount of preventable food waste discarded annually in Canada amounts to over $31
billion in losses, with approximately 47% of food waste produced by consumers.
Wasted food has environmental, economic and social implications. When you waste food that could
have been eaten, you are also wasting the natural and human resources that were used to grow, produce,
process and transport that food.
Throwing away edible food represents economic losses. The amount of food thrown away amounts
to wasting approximately $1,760 annually for a family of four. And the food that ends up in the waste
stream requires resources to manage its disposal and diversion, the cost of which is passed on to
municipal utilities and services.
Wasted food that ends up in the garbage, and ultimately the landfill, produces methane—a
greenhouse gas that is 21 times more potent than carbon dioxide. It’s estimated that 7% of greenhouse
gases produced globally are due to preventable food waste. Some of that wasted food could be recovered
through donation programs and used to help address food insecurity, rather than going to waste.
(Adapted from https://changeforclimate.ca/)
Question 39: Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Food Crisis in Many Cities B. Food and Human Resources
C. Wasted Food and Carbon Dioxide D. The Problem of Food Waste
Question 40: According to the passage, food waste ______.
A. is really a problem in many cities and countries
B. has no implications on environment, economy and society
C. requires no disposal and diversion
D. produces methane in the garbage and landfill
Question 41: The word that in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. social implications B. waste food C. natural and human resources D. food
Question 42: The word utilities in paragraph 3 mostly means ______.
A. a way of solving a problem B. a particular part of a situation
C. a service provided for the public D. the regular pattern of weather
Question 43: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The amount of food waste annually in Canada cost over $31 billion.
B. Wasting food means losing the natural and human resources.
C. The amount of food thrown away is approximately $1,760 annually.
D. Wasted food could be used to help tackle food insecurity.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50.
An airbag is a type of vehicle safety device and is required in all new vehicles. It is a bag that is
designed to inflate rapidly during a collision and then deflate quickly so that it does not become a hazard
to the occupants of the vehicle. The time it takes for an airbag to deflate depends on the type of airbag
and the severity of the collision. In most cases, the airbag will deflate within a few seconds.
Everything starts to fall into place after 25 to 50 milliseconds. After being activated, the airbags will
deflate themselves. When an inflated and decelerating air bag slows down, it acts as a brake on the
vehicle. They can bring the driver’s momentum to a complete stop at 60 miles per hour. As the air
contracts, it absorbs forward-moving energy. When the gas is released from the bag, tiny holes appear at
the inside. As soon as the car stops, all of the contents of the bag should be completely removed. Even if
you deflate the tires while driving the car, your vehicle may still run out of gas.
As a result, the body is also exposed to a wider range of impacts. It eliminates the possibility of being
negatively affected by the condition in any part of the body (forehead, chin, neck). Because the driver’s
momentum gradually decreases after airbags are inflated and quickly deflated, the driver will experience
a rapid decrease in speed.
To avoid serious injuries or fatal injuries, the airbags must be fully inflated before the occupant
moves too close to it, in order to minimize the likelihood of injury. As a result, the deployment decision
is made in between 15 and 50 milliseconds for frontal collisions.
The nylon bag inside the steering wheel or side dash is filled with harmless gas as a result of the
explosion. The bag inflates and deflates after coming into contact with a person’s head, allowing gas to
escape from the edges of the bag. After a vehicle crash, a complete rupture should occur in the airbags.
(Adapted from https://www.lietaer.com/)
Question 44: Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. How Your Air Bag Slows Down? B. The Importance Of Airbags In Vehicles
C. What Are the Contents of the Bag? D. Contact of Air Bag with a Person’s Head
Question 45: The word that in paragraph 1 refers to ______.
A. bag B. new vehicles C. collision D. hazard
Question 46: According to paragraph 1, an airbag ______.
A. is not required in today new and modern vehicles
B. deflates quickly to prevent danger to the occupants of the vehicle
C. inflates rapidly prior to a collision
D. will deflate within a few minutes
Question 47: The word collision in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. cash B. trash C. flash D. crash
Question 48: The word fatal in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. jolly B. heavenly C. deadly D. lively
Question 49: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Airbags can bring the driver’s momentum to a complete stop at 60 miles per hour.
B. The contents of the bag will be completely removed when the car stops.
C. The driver will experience a slow decrease in speed thanks to airbags.
D. The nylon bag is filled with harmless gas as a result of the explosion.
Question 50: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The time it takes for an airbag to deflate is not very important.
B. The range of impacts on driver’s body depends on his body weight.
C. The airbag deployment decision should be made after more than 50 milliseconds.
D. Airbags, which can save our lives in case of accidents, is extremely important.
END OF TEST.