• How to pray?

• Is listening music other than christian songs a sin?

• How to speak to jehova's witness regarding the deity of Christ.
• Therefore, to him who knows to do good and does not do it, to him it is sin.(James 4:17).
Is it wrong to wear ornaments even if you were born in a pentecostal background.
• If tattoos are wrong then piercing is also wrong right. If yes then all who have piercing are
sinners right .
Bobby Thomas Manjooran
Mobile/WatsaapNo: +9733977065
Email: bobbymini@gmail.com
 One shall say <'amar>, I am the LORD'S <Y@hovah>; and another shall call <qara'> himself by
the name <shem> of Jacob <Ya`aqob>; and another shall subscribe <kathab> with his hand
<yad> unto the LORD <Y@hovah>, and surname <kanah> himself by the name <shem> of Israel
<Yisra'el>. (KJV)
Courteousy: Dr. Georgekutty K.B: (PhD, Old Testament)
<kathab> <yad> means ‘his hand’ only, and no preposition is used.
There is no preposition used in this passage. These are Hebrew Texts, from mostly accepted text which is “Biblia
Hebraica Stuttgartensia - BHS”.

In Hebrew there are not many prepositions.

Where there is no preposition, people use prepositions as they feel suitable. Some use on/it/with/by etc.
A practice called ‘Critical Apparatus’ is depended upon. i.e, it is sought out to check if similar instances any
prepositions were used, in any similar ancient manuscripts. When in confusion, scholars use Greek translations like
The Septuagint or Theodotion Translation to Greek.
There are 3 prepositions in Hebrew Language:
KAY = as / like
LAY = to / for
BAY = by / with/ on/ in / and such. If any of these is used, literally it is not wrong.
When in confusion, scholars use Greek translations like The Septuagint or Theodotion Translation to Greek.
The Septuagint was “a Greek version of the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament), including the Apocrypha, made for Greek-speaking
Jews in Egypt in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC and adopted by the early Christian Churches.”

“The Septuagint is a translation of the Hebrew Bible and some related texts into Koine Greek. As the primary Greek translation of
the Old Testament, it is also called the Greek Old Testament. This translation is quoted in the New Testament, particularly by Paul,
and also by the Greek Church Fathers. The title and its Roman numeral acronym LXX refer to legendary seventy Jewish scholars
who solely translated the Five Books Of Moses as early as the late 2nd century BC.

The Septuagint is a translation of the Hebrew Bible and some related texts into Koine Greek. As the primary Greek translation of
the Old Testament, it is also called the Greek Old Testament. This translation is quoted in the New Testament, particularly by Paul,
and also by the Greek Church Fathers. The title and its Roman numeral acronym LXX refer to legendary seventy Jewish scholars
who solely translated the Five Books Of Moses as early as the late 2nd century BC.

This English translation by Sir Lancelot C. L. Brenton, published in 1851, is considered a long-time standard. For most of the years
since its publication it has been the only one readily available, and has continually been in print. It is based primarily upon the
Codex Vaticanus and contains the Greek and English texts in parallel columns.

The Brenton translation of the Septuagint is in the public domain.”

(https://www.biblestudytools.com/lxx/)
In Brenton Translation from Septuagint, we read: Isaiah: 44: 5 as follows:

So to summarise, NOT TATTOOING OR PRINTING ON HAND.

New International Version Some will say, ‘I belong to the LORD’ others will call themselves by the name of Jacob; still
others will write on their hand, ‘The LORD’s,’ and will take the name Israel.
New Living Translation Some will proudly claim, ‘I belong to the LORD.’ Others will say, ‘I am a descendant of Jacob.’
Some will write the LORD’s name on their hands and will take the name of Israel as their own.”
English Standard Version This one will say, ‘I am the LORD’s,’ another will call on the name of Jacob, and another will
write on his hand, ‘The LORD’s,’ and name himself by the name of Israel.”
New American Standard Bible “This one will say, ‘I am the LORD’S’; And that one will call on the name of Jacob; And
another will write on his hand, ‘Belonging to the LORD,’ And will give himself Israel’s name with honor.
NASB 1995 “This one will say, ‘I am the LORD’S’ And that one will call on the name of Jacob; And another will write on
his hand, ‘Belonging to the LORD,’ And will name Israel’s name with honor.
NASB 1977 “This one will say, ‘I am the LORD’S’; And that one will call on the name of Jacob; And another will
write on his hand, ‘Belonging to the LORD,’ And will name Israel’s name with honor.
Eg:- 1 Peter 1 the NASB 77 uses the literal "gird the loins of your mind" whereas the NASB 95 reads "prepare your
minds for action". This is a literal translation would change to a less literal rendering.
Contemporary English Version They will worship me and become my people. They will write my name on the back of
their hands.
New Revised Standard VersionThis one will say, “I am the LORD’s,” another will be called by the name of Jacob, yet
another will write on the hand, “The LORD’s,” and adopt the name of Israel.

But when we look at translations from septuagint, tanak, etc., we see it is NOT ‘ON his hand’ As seen in
the next slide rather it is ‘WITH his hand’ !!!
Brenton Septuagint Translation One shall say, I am God's; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and
another shall write with his hand, I am God's, and shall call himself by the name of Israel.
New Heart English Bible One will say, 'I am the LORD's;' and another will be called by the name of Jacob; and another
will write with his hand 'to the LORD,' and honor the name of Israel."
Webster's Bible Translation One shall say, I am the LORD'S; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and
another shall subscribe with his hand to the LORD, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
World English Bible One will say, ‘I am Yahweh’s.’ Another will be called by the name of Jacob; and another will write
with his hand ‘to Yahweh,’ and honor the name of Israel.”
Young's Literal Translation This one saith, For Jehovah I am, And this calleth himself by the name of Jacob, And this
one writeth with his hand, 'For Jehovah,' and by the name of Israel surnameth himself.
King James Bible One shall say, I am the LORD'S; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and another
shall subscribe with his hand unto the LORD, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
New King James Version One will say, ‘I am the LORD’s’; Another will call himself by the name of Jacob; Another will
write with his hand, ‘The LORD’s,’ And name himselfby the name of Israel.
JPS Tanakh 1917 One shall say: 'I am the LORD'S'; And another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; And another
shall subscribe with his hand unto the LORD, And surname himself by the name of Israel.
Literal Standard Version This [one] says, For I [am] YHWH’s, | And this calls [himself] by the name of Jacob, | And this
[one] writes [with] his hand, For YHWH, | And surnames himself by the name of Israel.”
American Standard Version One shall say, I am Jehovah's; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and
another shall subscribe with his hand unto Jehovah, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
Douay-Rheims Bible One shall say: I am the Lord's, and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob, and another
shall subscribe with his hand, To the Lord, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
English Revised Version One shall say, I am the LORD'S; and another shall call himself by the name of Jacob; and
another shall subscribe with his hand unto the LORD, and surname himself by the name of Israel.
Theodotion, (flourished 2nd century AD), Hellenistic Jewish scholar and linguist and author of a
Greek translation of the Old Testament. According to two early Christian writers of the 2nd and
4th centuries, Theodotion probably came from Ephesus in Asia Minor. He is reported to have
adopted the Jewish faith after having been a Gnostic. Early historians assign his work of
translation to c. 180 – 190.

Theodotion’s version appeared in the sixth column of Origen’s Hexapla, a 3rd-century version of
the Old Testament presenting six Greek and Hebrew texts in parallel columns. It is not so much
an independent translation as a revision of the Septuagint—the earliest Greek translation, dating
in part from the 3rd century BC—supplying its omissions. Peculiar Hebrew words are not
translated but transliterated into Greek letters, either in order to avoid conjectural readings or to
give an authentic colour to the version. (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodotion )
https://seekscandinavia.com/vikings-tattoos/
 (NKJV)

-A) John Wesley's Notes on the Old and New Testaments:

V. 16. And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh-That is, on the part of his vesture which is upon his thigh.
A name written-It was usual of old, for great personages in the eastern countries, to have magnificent titles
affixed to their garments.

-B) From R.H. Charles' Commentary on Revelation

Since the figure was riding on a horse, the best place to view the name (from the enemies perspective) would
be on his thigh. The verse probably should be translated so that it says, "on his robe at his thigh".

(https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/9199/in-rev-1916-why-is-the-name-on-the-words-thigh-and-
robe#:~:text=It%20seems%20that%20the%20image%20of%20his%20name,right%20thigh%20under%20his%20clot
hing.%20%28NIV%2C%20Judges%203%3A16%29))
In Revelation 1:13, we see Jesus
wearing a robe reaching till His feet.

“…clothed with a garment down

to the feet and girded about the
chest with a golden band…”
He is a High Priest for ever
‘The LORD has sworn And will not relent,
"You are a priest forever According to the
order of Melchizedek." (NKJV)
Psalm:110:4;
Hebrew: 7:17
 "You shall skillfully weave the tunic of fine linen thread, you shall make the turban of fine linen, and
you shall make the sash of woven work. 40 "For Aaron's sons you shall make tunics, and you shall make sashes for
them. And you shall make hats for them, for glory and beauty. 41 "So you shall put them on Aaron your brother and
on his sons with him. You shall anoint them, consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister to Me as
priests. 42 "And you shall make for them linen trousers (മുേ$ാളെമ(ു) കാലുറ) to cover their nakedness; they
shall reach from the waist to the thighs.
This is similar to what we see on the High Priest’s
New King James Version
“You shall also make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it, like the engraving of a signet: HOLINESS TO THE LORD.
And you shall put it on a blue cord, that it may be on the turban; it shall be on the front of the turban.” (Ex: 28:36 & 37)
Ex 39:28: a turban of fine linen, exquisite hats of fine linen, short trousers (മുേ%ാളെമ)ു* കാലുറ) of fine woven linen,
(NKJV)/ Le 6:10 'And the priest shall put on his linen garment, and his linen trousers(മുേ%ാളെമ)ു* കാലുറ) he shall
put on his body, and take up the ashes of the burnt offering which the fire has consumed on the altar, and he shall put them
beside the altar. (NKJV) Leviticus was written in BC 1445-1405.

Ezekiel wrote in BC 605 – prophesied for approx. 22 years I.E., Till BC 583. i.e., even after 950 years, the rule was still relevant. We
still wear breeches/underpants/trousers till 2023 AD in our daily life. (except that some wear really shorts ones reaching from
waist till loins). Eze 44:18 "They shall have linen turbans on their heads and linen trousers (മുേ%ാളെമ)ു* കാലുറ)on
their bodies; they shall not clothe themselves with anything that causes sweat. (NKJV)

The High Priest or priests were not allowed to show their nakedness.
They had several layers of dresses, as part of their official attire.
 Jesus would not be coming down wearing a dress like the Superman’s ;
Rather he will be dressed in robes Divine and Glorious, Leaving NO body parts
exposed, let alone Tattooed!
 Coat of Arms

Elizabeth II Regina
(Queen in Latin)
What is a royal cipher? Logo of King Charles III
A royal cipher is the monarch’s personal monogram, which is used to mark his
property, official documentation, and items closely associated with his reign,
including buttons and insignia of branches of the armed forces.

The cipher is considered the personal property of the monarch and may only
be used officially with his permission.
The king or queen of the day chooses their own cipher from designs supplied
to them by the College of Arms, …….
By tradition, the monarch has a different royal cipher in Scotland, which is
endorsed by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, a representative of the Scottish
state.
Napoléon on the Imperial
Throne

He is fully covered in his

royal attire/robes
Historical Associations of Tattooing in various parts of the world:

Head-hunters
Among Austronesian societies, tattoos had various functions. (They are a large group of peoples in Taiwan, Maritime Southeast Asia,
Micronesia, coastal New Guinea, Island Melanesia, Polynesia, and Madagascar that speak Austronesian languages. They also include indigenous
ethnic minorities in Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Hainan, the Comoros, and the Torres Strait Islands.)
1. Among men, they were strongly linked to the widespread practice of head-hunting raids. In head-hunting societies, like the
Ifugao and Dayak people, tattoos were records of how many heads the warriors had taken in battle and were part of the
initiation rites into adulthood. The number, design, and location of tattoos, therefore, were indicative of a warrior's status
and prowess.
2. They were also regarded as magical wards against various dangers like evil spirits and illnesses.
3. Among the Visayans of the pre-colonial Philippines, tattoos were worn by the tumao nobility and the timawa warrior class
as permanent records of their participation and conduct in maritime raids known as mangayaw.
4. In Austronesian women, like the facial tattoos among the women of the Tayal and Māori people, they were indicators of
status, skill, and beauty.

Japan:
1. The Government of Meiji Japan (from October 23, 1868 to July 30, 1912) had outlawed tattoos in the 19th century, a
prohibition that stood for 70 years before being repealed in 1948.
2. As of 6 June 2012, all new tattoos are forbidden for employees of the city of Osaka. Existing tattoos are required to be
covered with proper clothing. The regulations were added to Osaka's ethical codes, and employees with tattoos were
encouraged to have them removed. This was done because of the strong connection of tattoos with the yakuza, or
Japanese organized crime, after an Osaka official in February 2012 threatened a schoolchild by showing his tattoo.
China:
Tattoos had negative connotations in historical China, where criminals often had been marked by tattooing. The association of
tattoos with criminals was transmitted from China to influence Japan. Today, tattoos have remained a taboo in Chinese society.

The Romans tattooed criminals and slaves. During the Roman Empire, gladiators and slaves were tattooed: exported
slaves were tattooed with the words "tax paid", and it was a common practice to tattoo "fugitive" (denoted by the letters
"FUG") on the foreheads of runaway slaves. Owing to the Biblical strictures against the practice, Emperor Constantine I
banned tattooing the face around AD 330, and the Second Council of Nicaea banned all body markings as a pagan
practice in AD 787.

Convicts’ Identification: In the 19th, century released U.S. convicts, Australian convicts and British army deserters
were identified by tattoos.

Nazis: Prisoners in Nazi concentration camps were tattooed with an identification number. Today, many prison inmates still
tattoo themselves as an indication of time spent in prison.

Native Americans also used tattoos to represent their tribe.

Catholic Croats of Bosnia used religious Christian tattooing, especially of children and women, for protection
against conversion to Islam during the Ottoman rule in the Balkans.
Latin America Of the three best-known Pre-Columbian civilizations in the Americas, the Mayas and the Aztecs of Central
America were known to wear tattoos while the Incas of South America were not. However, there is evidence that the Chimu
people who preceded the Incas did wear tattoos for magic and medical purposes. The diverse tribes of the Amazon have also
worn tattoos for millennia and continue to do so to this day, including facial tattoos and notably, the people of the Xingu River in
the North of Brazil and the Putumayo River between Peru, Brazil, and Colombia São Paulo, Brazil is largely regarded as one of the
most tattooed cities in the world…

New Zealand: The Māori people of New Zealand practiced tattoo. Amongst these were facial designs worn to indicate
lineage, social position, and status within the tribe called tā moko. The tattoo art was a sacred marker of identity among the
Māori and also referred to as a vehicle for storing one's tapu, or spiritual being, in the afterlife. One practice was after death to
preserve the skin-covered skull known as Toi moko or mokomokai. In the period of early contact between Māori and Europeans
these heads were traded especially for firearms. Many of these are now being repatriated back to New Zealand lead by the
national museum Te Papa.
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tattoo)

Inuit: Inuit women and their children on King's Island, Canada, 1910.
Tattoos on arms and chins.The Inuit have a deep history of tattooing. In Inuktitut, the Inuit language of the eastern Canadian
Arctic, the word kakiniit translates to the English word for tattoo and the word tunniit means face tattoo. Among the Inuit, some
tattooed female faces and parts of the body symbolize a girl transitioning into a woman, coinciding with the start of her first
menstrual cycle. A tattoo represented a woman's beauty, strength, and maturity. This was an important practice because some
Inuit believed that a woman could not transition into the spirit world without tattoos on her skin. The Inuit have oral traditions
that describe how the raven, and the loon tattooed each other giving cultural significance to both the act of tattooing and the
role of those animals in Inuit culture and history. (Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_tattooing)
The process of tattooing among Egyptians is an ancient tradition that dates back to the Coptic period of Egypt. The
Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt is one of the oldest Christian churches in the world. When Egypt was conquered by
Muslims around 640 AD and placed under Islamic control, the practice of tattooing increased dramatically, according
to the Coptic Church of Archangel Michael and St. Tekla. The people were forced to convert to Islam, and those
who did not were marked with a cross on their wrist – and forced to pay a religious tax.
“Getting the cross tattooed on our wrists was a sign of symbolism and endurance. The cross signifies our history in
Egypt and reminds us of our past and present,” says Mona Ibrahim, a Coptic Christian living in Egypt.
The practice is thus deeply embedded in a historical, cultural, and political context in Egypt. It became the symbol
of radical expression and faithfulness in the midst of difficult times.
“The fear of conversion among members of the Christian minority of Egypt has led many Coptic parents to tattoo
their children with a small blue cross on their inner wrist,” explains Researcher Jean-Phillippe Belleau in his journal
article. Children were marked with a cross to signify their belonging to Christianity as a symbol of ostracism. It was a
form of identification. For safety reasons, many churches station security personnel at their doors to check that
those entering have the tattoo as a guarantee that they are Christians.
https://www.copticsolidarity.org/2022/03/03/the-story-behind-the-coptic-cross-tattoo/

Now, this is a dire - an extreme situation which the Egyptian Coptic Christians had to go through, in history.
But the same practice became a problem to some who were allegedly caught by Islamist terrorists, who asked
them to show the tattoo to identify Christians in Egypt when they attacked.
THIS IS NOT A JUSTIFICATION TO DO TATTOO BE IT THE CROSS OR NAME OF JESUS etc…
 Is It OK for Christians to Get a Tattoo?
Is this only a ‘Malayalee system’ to oppose tattooing?
Please see a video presentation by David. K. Bernard, who is a Western Minister.
https://youtu.be/UxMu-f7Wr9g

There are numerous videos on You Tube supporting and opposing tattooing.
• We must not mar our bodies as we are: ” …being built up a spiritual house, a holy
priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ…,,,,a chosen
generation, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, His own special people; that you may proclaim
praises of Him who called you out of darkness into His marvellous light….”(1Pet 2: 5 &9).
• “..Do you not know that you are the temple of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you?
If any man defiles the temple of God, him shall God destroy; for the temple of God is holy,
which temple you are…”.(1 Cor:3:16 & 17)
• 1 Cor:6:19 & 20:
“Or do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you,
whom you have from God, and you are not your own? For you were bought at a
price; therefore glorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God’s.”
• With these many details given, one must decide whether he/she must tattoo
or not!
• One must NOT take the dire situation like Coptic Christians in Egypt faced and
make it an excuse to Tattoo. This is like some people taking excuse not to be
baptised because one of the convicts crucified with Jesus who repented was
justified even though he did not take baptism.
Let us bear in mind that we are a chosen people, royal priesthood and
the temple of GOD ALMIGHTY!
We “are not your own? For you were bought at a price; therefore
glorify God in your body and in your spirit, which are God’s”