SEPERATION TECHNIQUES

Mixtures
A mixture is made from different substances that are not chemically joined.

Iron sulfide always contains equal amounts of iron and

sulfur. The iron and sulfur atoms are not joined together in the mixture, but they are joined together in
iron sulfide. The iron and sulfur still behave like iron and sulfur in the mixture, but iron sulfide has
different properties from both iron and sulfur. You can separate the iron from the mixture using a magnet,
but this does not work for iron sulfide.

Seperation techniques

The filtration technique is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. Distillation separates a
liquid from a solution. For example, water can be separated from salty water by simple
distillation. This method works because the water evaporates from the solution but is then cooled
and condensed in a condenser and collected in a separate container. The salt does not evaporate
and so it stays behind. One way to separate a soluble solid from its solution is to make crystals. This
involves evaporating the solution to a much smaller volume and then leaving it to cool. As the solution
cools, crystals form, and these can be obtained by filtration.
Solutions
A solution is a type of undivided mixture that is made up of two or more substances. This means that the
substances cannot be distinguished easily from one another. Some examples of solutions are salt water,
rubbing alcohol, and sugar dissolved in water. When you look closely, upon mixing salt with water, you
can't see the salt particles anymore, undivided mixture .
Chemical and physical change
When a chemical reaction occurs, atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Instead, the atoms rearrange
themselves to form new chemicals. This is known as a chemical change. The other kind of change in
chemistry is a physical change, which is when a substance changes without becoming a new
chemical. These physical changes are often changes in state such as melting, freezing, boiling,
condensing and dissolving.