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, 1
\,_. ·~_,....'I":""
•_,. : • _1 \ \ Practicals on Value Added '!"ethod
-
Particulars
Domesti~ Sales by firm A
(ii) Exports by firm A
(iii) Purchase by firm A
(iv) Sales by firm B
(v) Purchase by firm B
Solution:
Value added by firm A
= Domestic Sales by firm A+ Exports by firm A- Purchase by firm A= 4,000 + 1,000-200=, 4.soo
Ans. t 4,800 crores
Note: 'Exports by firm A' will be included as domestic sales are specifically mentioned.
lote: _'P~X, ase of raw materials' is not included sepa~.ately as it is already included in Intermediate Consumption.
mpw rom the following data about firm 'X', calculate gross value added at factor cost
t: / (CBSE, Delhi 2005)
iculars
I t in thousands
I Sales • 500
i) Opening stock , 30
i) Closing stock . 20
) Purchase of intermediate products ' 300
L Purchase of machinery 150
) Subsidy I 40
Introductory Ma
croec
0~
ct
Solution:
Gross Value Added at Factor Cost
=Sales+ (Closing stock - Opening stock) - Purchase of intermediate products + Subsidy
Ne1
(ii) Domestic Sales l:
(iii) Change in Stock (-)·
An
(iv) Exports •
(v) Single Use Producer Goods
Solution: Ex,
Gross Value Added at Market Price
= Domestic Sales+ Change in Stock+ Exports - Single Use Producer Goods
=200 + (-)10 + 10-120 = 80 lakh
Ans. 80 lakh
(i
Exa?1ple 6. from the following data relating to a firm, calcul~te its net value added at ~
cost:
. \...¼ -
{CBSE, Sample Paper: . \ (i
(ii) Sales
(iii) Depreciation •
(iv) Exports
(v) Closing stock
(vi) Opening stock
(vii) Intermediate purchases -
(viii) Purchase of machinery for own use
(ix) Import of raw material ,
Solution: (i
Net Value Added at Factor Cost (i j
ri
apter4
t ample
•1
ulate Net Value Added at Factor Cost from the following data:
{CBS E, 2020 (58/5/2 )}
lution: , ,
t Value Added at Factor Cost "\ \ -. { \ \,,
=Sales+ unsold Goods (Stock)- Single usa,e{ odtkerg'f>~ss ·Geods ~~dSe~ ict sTax(GST)- Depreciation*
= 20 + 2 _ s - 1 - 1 = 15 lakhs
s. 15 lakhs ·
. t' * _
Deprec,a Cost of Assets 10 lakhs
ton - E , d ,·& f - = 1 lakh
st,mate 1,e o Assets 1OYears
ample~ alculate the value of 'Change in Stock' from the following data:
{CBSE, 2020 (58/1/1))
articulars in crores
Sales •II
Net Value Added at Factor Cost (NVAFc)
Subsidies "
10
Change in Stock ?
Depreciation 40
Intermediate Consumption 100
ampl~ j(iyln the following data, find Net Value Added at Factor Cost by Sarnbhav
farmer) pr~ ucing wheat: {C BSE, Sample Paper 2021 -22 (Term-2))
(i) Sale ol wheat by the farmer in the local market ', 6,B00
rom the following data, calculate Net value added at factor cost.
Decrease in Stock f
(iii) Production for Self Consumption '
(iv) Purchase of raw materials
(v) Exports
(vi) Electricity Charges
(vii) Income Tax
(viii) Goods and Services Tax (GST)
(ix) Subsidy
Solution:
Net Value Added at Factor Cost
= Total Sales+ Production for Self Consumption - Decrease in Stock- Purchase ofraw materials:..E ·
=, .
Charges - (GST - Subsidy)
= 1,000 + 120- 70- 300- 50- (70-40) 670 Crores
\
Ans. f 670 Crores
Note: • Exports will not be taken separately as it is a part of Total Sales. "
• Income Tax is not taken in cafculations as it is a direct tax , -
'• Production for Self Consumption will be separately inc/u~ed in value of output as it also add5to
flow of goods and servif ei and is not included in total sales.
• Intermediate Consumptfon is calculated as sum of (iv) and (vi) item.
1
Measurement of National Income
-lapter4 •
\;j~t om the following data, calculate: (a) Value of output; (b) ~~ termediate
kample 1#1
. .(c) Net value added at factor cost. /
bnsumptton,
• articula•<
· h of raw materials from domestic market
Pure ase
...
~in crores
lution:
Value of Output
= Domestic Sales+ Exports+ Increase in the unsold stock+ Goods used for self Consumption
=1,200 + 200 + 60 + 10 = 1,470 Crores
Note: • Exports will be included as domestic sales are given .
• Goods used for self Consumption will also be included as it adds to current flow of goods and services.
Intermediate Consumption
= Purchase of raw material from domestic market+ Import of raw material + Power Charges
= 400 + 120 + 20 =~ 540 Crores \
I
A SI
a es t o B
(VO)
2 000
'
Value of Inputs· Purchases 1'000 ,.
Exports 2,500 Purchases from A 2,000 \
B - <
2.(\
Domestic Sales 1,500
Total 6,000 3,000
314
Net Domestic Product at MP= Gross Domestic Product at Market Prn;_e - Consumption of Fixed Ca~
= 3,000 - 2?0 = 2,800 "'-
Example 1s.hft.m A buys from X inputs worth~ 500 crores and sells to firm B goods ~
i 1,000 cro'/etand to firm C goods worth 700 crores. Firm B buys from Y inputs wortht
crores and sells to firm C goods worth i 1,500 crores and finished goods worth~ 2,000 (1
to households. Firm C buys from Z inputs worth~ 150 crores and sells finished goods1- (il
i 4,150 crores to households. Calculate value added by firms A, Band C and GDPMP"
Solution:
Firm Value of output Intermediate Consumption Value Ade,
(VO) (IC) (VA=VO-
700
-~ !
"'
C I
--------
11
• B sells his output worth? 40 crores to C,? 60 crores to D and~ 50 crores t~ al
• C sells his output worth~ 100 crores to D, 100 crores to households and exports ,
f 100 crores.
•(o sells f 300 crores to households and 100 crores to govemmen/tJ
Measurement of National Income
, apter4
alculate.. (")1 Value Added by each firm; (ii) Total Value Added; (iii) Total Consumption
irm
Value of output Intermediate Consumption I. t • t
(VO) (IC)
•
Sales to B: 20 Va ue of Inputs: 0
A
+ Sales to C: 30
+ Sales to households: 40
+ unsold stock: 10 100
=
Value added by firm P x - o x = '
Value added by firm Q = 600 - x
Given, Q's value added is½ of P's value added
-
Firm , Value A
(VI)
(VO) (VA av
Value Added
(VA=VO-IC)
-
A Sales to B:
+Sales to C: 300 400
- 800 Purchase from A: 600
B Sales to C:
+Sales to D: 800 1,000
Sales to households: 1,600 Purchase from A: 300 '
C
+ Purchase from B: 800
1,800 Purchase from B:
' ,.J 500
D Sales to households: 800 1,000
B's Value of output= Value added+ Intermediate consumption= 1,000 + 600 = t 1,600 crores
C's Value of output= B's Value of output= t 1,600 crores
C's Value Added = 500 = ½ of value added of D
So, D's Value Added= 500 x 2 = t ·l ,000 crores
D'sValue of.output= Value added+ intermediate consumption= 1,000 + 800 = t 1,800 crores
Ans. Value of output of firm D = t 1,800 C! ores
;
Practicals on Income Method
(i) Rent
400
(ii) Royalty
200
(iii) Interest
500
(iv) Compensation of Employees
1,000
(v) Profit
500
(vi) Mixed Income ,
1,000
Solution:
~DP at FC
~xample 21 · From the following data, calculate the value of Gross National Product at Factor
0st
~ (GNPFc): {CBSE, 2022 (58/1/1) Term-2}
Particulars
in crores
(i) Compensation of Employees •
12,000
(ii) Rent and Interest
1,800