1

1 Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in a chlorine atom.

Cl

[2]

[Total: 2]

2 (a) Name a radioactive element that is used as a source of energy in nuclear power stations.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State one other industrial use of radioactive isotopes.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

3 Deduce the number of electrons and neutrons in one atom of the isotope of nickel shown.

62
28Ni

number of electrons .................................................................................................................

number of neutrons .................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

4 (a) Choose from the list the radioactive isotope used as a source of energy.

Draw a circle around your answer.

27 23 16 235
Al Na O U

[1]

(b) State one other industrial use of radioactive isotopes.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

5 Two isotopes of sulfur are shown.

32
16S
 2

33
16S

Use your knowledge of protons, neutrons and electrons to answer the following questions.

(a) Describe how these isotopes of sulfur are the same and how they are different.

same .................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

different .............................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

(b) Explain why each of these isotopes have an overall charge of zero.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Explain why both isotopes have the same chemical properties.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

6 Atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Complete the table.

particle relative charge relative mass

electron

neutron

proton +1

[2]

[Total: 2]
 3

7 There is a small percentage of noble gases in the air.

The noble gases are unreactive.

Explain why the noble gases are unreactive in terms of their electronic structure.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
63 65
8 Copper has two different naturally occurring atoms, Cu and Cu.

(a) State the term used for atoms of the same element with different nucleon numbers.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The atomic number of copper is 29.

Complete the table to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the particles of
copper shown.

63 65 2+
Cu Cu

protons

neutrons

electrons

[3]
 4

(c) Relative atomic mass is the average mass of naturally occurring atoms of an element.

The percentage of the naturally occurring atoms in a sample of copper is shown.

63 65
Cu Cu

70% 30%

Deduce the relative atomic mass of copper in this sample.

Give your answer to one decimal place.

relative atomic mass = ................... [2]

[Total: 6]

9 Chlorine is in Group VII of the Periodic Table.

Two isotopes of chlorine are chlorine-35 and chlorine-37.

State why these two isotopes of chlorine have the same chemical properties.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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10 The table gives information about atoms and ions A, B and C.

Complete the table.

number of number of number of

symbol
electrons neutrons protons

27
A 14 13 13Al

25 2+
B 12 12Mg

C 10 10 9

[6]

[Total: 6]

11 Complete the table to show the number of electrons, neutrons and protons in the uranium atom
and rubidium ion shown.

number of electrons number of neutrons number of protons

235
92U 92

87 +
37Rb 50

[3]

[Total: 3]

12 Name the element which has atoms with an electronic structure of 2,8,1.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

13 (a) Deduce the electronic structure of sodium.

Use the Periodic Table to help you.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]
 6

13 (b) Explain why a potassium ion has a single positive charge.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

14 Complete the table to:

• deduce the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in the boron atom and chloride ion
shown
• identify the atom or ion represented by the final row.

number of number of number of

formula
protons electrons neutrons

11
5B 5

35 –
17Cl 17

24 21 30

[5]

[Total: 5]

15 Draw the electronic structure of a sodium atom.

[2]

[Total: 2]

16 An isotope of sodium is written as shown.

 7

23
11Na

(a) Deduce the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in this isotope of sodium.

number of protons ...........................................................................................................

number of electrons ........................................................................................................

number of neutrons ......................................................................................................... [3]

(b) State one medical use of radioactive isotopes.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

17 3+
Complete the table to show the number of nucleons, neutrons and electrons in an l ion.

3+
number in l

nucleons

neutrons

electrons

[3]

[Total: 3]

18 Complete the table.

number of number of
protons electrons

Na
2−
S

Cl2

[3]

[Total: 3]