HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness on Human Rights and Their Experiences

A Quantitative Research Proposal

Presented to

The Faculty of the Senior High School Department

PHINMA-Cagayan de Oro College
Cagayan de Oro City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements

for APP 006: Practical Research 2
ABELLA,JOHANNE GRACE SUPRADER
BALATERO,ESSIL GRACE NINEAL
BARCELONA,KOBE KYLLE
BAROGA,CHARLES LEWIS MACALOLOOY
BANDINGON,CHARLET ALIVIO
DEMABILDO,CHRISTIAN LLOYD GALLOGO
ESDICUL,KRISTINE SAY NAVARRO
EYAS,LLOYD ADRIAN PASANTING
FERNANDO,MARK VINCENT BURAY
FUTALAN,RIZA OSORIO
GALON,IAN KENTH RAÑOA
GALUPO,EUNICE SOLON
GALVE,MARY ROSE LADAO
GAMAYON,REYCA MAE DE LA CRUZ
GEVERO,RONALD GREGORIO
GOMEZ,ALTHEA MAYE DENZO
GUEVARRA,ELMERA LUMACTUD
JABLA,SHEENA JAPOS
LAMBAYON,ELLAH RHUENNE MOGPO
MANTICAHON,CLEMENT FRANCIS CONEJOS
MASCULINO,EMMANUEL GUYO
NANGKIL,LENIE ROSE DELSOCORA
RIVERA, MARKY BONGKAWEL
ROMY,KYLE TAPERLA
ROSALITA JR,ALEX MOJADO
VERZOSA JR.REYNANTE IBONALO

by

August 2023
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

This research paper focuses on exploring the level of awareness and

experiences of HUMSS (Hummanities and Social Sciences ) students at PHINMA COC
Senior High School on their knowlege and engagement of the human rights law. This
topic is of significant importance due to its relevance in a rapidly evolving global
landscape, the understanding and application of human rights law have become pivotal
for maintaining a just and equitable society where understanding and upholding human
rights are crucial for ensuring justice, equality, and social progress.

Through the researchers experience and observations reveal that discussions

around human rights law often tend to be limited, with varying degrees of understanding
among HUMSS students. The lack of comprehensive awareness and engagement with
human rights law could potentially hinder the future roles and responsibilities of these
students as citizens, professionals, and potential advocates for justice. Foreign and
local studies suggest that similar issues exist globally examples of these are “Level of
Human Rights Awareness and Experiences Among Southeast Asian Students in the
Philippines: Basis for a Proposed Human Rights Empowerment Program for
International Students” and “HUMAN RIGHTS AWARENESS AMONG B.ED.
STUDENTS” are two of such examples conducted here in philippines and other
countries educational institutions, as many educational institutions face challenges in
incorporating comprehensive human rights education into their curricula.Studies
conducted suggest a gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application of
human rights principles making some peoples level of awareness and experiences be
same or certainly lacking.This issues might come to light in our research setting as
PHINMA COC is a the top 1 criminology school here in Cagayan de Oro making the
human rights law not a common topic at this school.

The main research problem of this study is to determine how many are aware
and the extent of awareness and experiences, regarding human rights law among
HUMSS students. The general goal of this research is to assess the current level of
understanding, attitudes, and experiences of students towards human rights law, with
the aim of identifying areas of improvement in educational approaches. Addressing this
research problem is vital as it can provide insights into the effectiveness of current
educational methods and the potential need for enhanced human rights education. By
examining the level of awareness and experiences, this study contributes to the broader
understanding of how educational institutions can better equip students with the
knowledge and skills necessary to promote and protect human rights in society.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION

“Awareness” means the knowledge or perception of a situation or fact regarding

a certain topic(can be both living and non-living) and “Human rights law” is the bill that
was passed in the constitution to make sure that inhabitants in the Philippines are able
to live peacefully and with dignity, safe from the abuse of any individuals or institutions,
including the state. This research aims to know the level of awareness and experiences
among PHINMA COC HUMMS students and what can be done in order to improve their
understanding and experiences of human rights law.

Human Rights Law is under the 1987 Constitution of the philippines Article III
“Bill of rights” herein is found the generalization of the human rights law stating diffirent
laws such as Art. 3 section 1: “No person should be deprived of life,liberty or property
without due process of law,nor any person be denied the equal protection of the laws”
or Art. 3 section 2: “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,
papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature
and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall
issue except upon probable cause to be determined personally by the judge after
examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and the witnesses he may
produce, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things
to be seized” these two laws are such examples found in this article containing 22
sections just solely for our human rights.The concept and practice of human rights
within the Philippines is defined by this Article of the Philippine Constitution, as well as
the United Nations International Bill of Human Rights, to which the Philippines is a
signatory. But even so not many people are aware of this law even our own government
have pretty much forgotten this law according to Human Rights Watch in 2016 with the
recent War on drugs administration police and their agents have killed between 6,200
alleged drug dealers and users as many as 30,000 people an estimate by domestic
rights groups of this 30,000 people most were found to be urban poor.That is probably
why this problem still exist as even our own government officials violates this law
prosecuting and murdering individuals without the due process of law but this doesn’t
mean that we civilians are also innocent because almost everyday we are excercising
our human rights most of us dont know what are the limits and boundaries of this law
are even if you have a law related family background or have experienced the bliss and
violation of human rights law,that is why it is not a common occurence in our everyday
life that we are violating this law or our rights are violated by others.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to describe the students’ perception of their experiences on exercising
human rights. Specifically, this study sought to answer these research questions:

1. What is the level of students’ awareness on human rights?

2. What are the most commonly acknowledged human rights based on students’
experiences?

3. What are the least commonly acknowledged human rights based on students’
experiences?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

This study aims to determine how many are aware and the Level of awareness
and experiences regarding human rights law among HUMSS students in PHINMA COC.
This study is limited to HUMSS students as we researchers believe that they have the
qualities and skills that are ideal to our research and can produce a great deal of results
and we can find out what the effects of being both being a student undergoing the study
of laws and having experienced these laws firsthand in PHINMA COC located at Max Y.
Suniel St, Cagayan de Oro, 9000 Misamis Oriental of the school year 2023-2024 for
their Level of awareness and experiences regarding human rights laws.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be significant to the following:

1.) Students – As we are conducting this research the students that we are
going to interview and ask questions too, will start to wonder what human rights law
really is and how it helps them which in turn will broaden their knowledge regarding
human rights.

2.) Their parents – Having their children be aware to human rights law they can
learn from them or be assured that their child are learning important lessons at school
and will be growing up to be a great addition to society.
 3.) Faculty – This research can be the start of a new curricula for students in
order to help and shape young minds to be future promising individuals.

4.) Society – This study can be a base for future researchers on how and what
needs to be done for our society to spread the awareness of human rights law how it
helps and maintains peace in us all.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK/ CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Theoretical Framework:
Constructivist Theory of Knowledge
(Jean Piaget) : Constructivism posits that
knowledge is actively constructed by
individuals through their experiences and
interactions with the world. According to
this theory, people may not know
something because they haven't had the
relevant experiences to construct that
knowledge. In other words, knowledge is
not simply transmitted but is actively built
upon personal experiences.
Sociocultural Theory (Lev Vygotsky):
According to this theory knowledge is
HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness often shaped by cultural and social
on Human Rights and Their contexts. If a certain experience or
information is not part of an individual's
Experiences
cultural or social environment, they might
not have had the opportunity to learn
about it. This can result in a lack of
understanding.
Zone of Proximal Development Theory
(Lev Vygotsky): This theory, refers to the
range of tasks that a learner can perform with
the help of a more knowledgeable person.
According to the “ZPD”, individuals are most
likely to learn and understand new concepts
when they are exposed to tasks just beyond
their current level of competence. If an
experience or knowledge falls outside an
individual's ZPD, they might struggle to
comprehend it.
 These theories support our research of the topic we would like to study which is
“HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness on Human Rights and Their Experiences”
as it better explains why after we have conducted this research the results would show
that some are aware and have had experiences of human rights law while others are
not aware and do not have experiences.Example the Sociocultural theory and ZPD
theory would apply to students that have a law related background (i.e
lawyers,police,judge,law professors etc.) or students that have undergone a crash
course or other learning modes regarding huma rights law, then Constructivist Learning
theory explains that people who have not experienced exercising their human rights law
would not be aware of human rights law that is why these three theories support our
research before and after we have conducted it.

Conceptual Framework:

INPUT ACTION OUTPUT

Apply Theories Conduct interviews Find out the HUMSS Student’s

and found and Surveys then Level of Awareness on Human
related relevant analyze the results of Rights and Their Experiences.
literature to our the interviews and
research . surveys which
answers the research
goals and research
questions.

The conceptual framework shows what we the researchers would be doing if

ever we will be permitted to conduct our research,our research instruments,desired
results,and our possible output after we have conducted our research.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

For clarity of ideas, the following terms are defined according to how they are
used in the study:

Art. – short for article.

Article - a separate clause or paragraph of a legal document or agreement, typically

one outlining a single rule or regulation.

Awareness – having to know or be familliar with a certain topic.

Bill - a draft of a proposed law presented to a parliament for discussion.

Crim – short for criminology.

Criminology - is the focus undertaken by our research participants.

Constitution - is the rule book for a state. It sets out the fundamental principles by
which the state is governed.

Curricula - relating to the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college.

Degrees – the amount, level, or extent to which something is.

Drugs - substance which has a physiological effect when injested or introduced into the
body by other means.

Equitable – fair,impartial,without favouritism,equal to all.

Excercising - use or apply a right or process.

Experiences – past encounter/s or undergone an (event or occureance).

Global Landscape - concerning, affecting, or relating to the whole world.

Humanities - disciplines that study the expressions of human beings as a means of

exploring and revealing what it means to be human

Human rights – the right that is believed rightfully belonging to every person

Indepth - comprehensive and thorough.

Inviolable - never to be broken,violated or disgraced on.

 Law - the system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as its
rules and regulation for its members.

Nature - the basic or inherent features of something.

Pivotal - of crucial importance to the development or success of something(can be an

event,person,business etc.)

Section - the sub-divisions in a statute, textbook or legal code.

Seizure – when the government or its agent removes property from an individual's
possession as a result of unlawful activity or to satisfy a judgment entered by the court.

Signatory - a party that has signed an agreement, especially a country that has signed
a deal of another party/ies or country.

Social Sciences - any branch of academic study or science that deals with human
behaviour in its social and cultural aspects

Urban poor - refers to the set of economic and social difficulties that are found in
industrialized cities.

Violate - fail to respect, break or fail to comply with a rule or agreement.

Warrant - an written order of a court which directs a law enforcement officer to arrest
and bring a person before the judge.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the literature and studies which are relevant and similar
to this research. This includes research articles, finished thesis, and other references
which address ideas, concepts, generalizations, and recent developments related to the
study from past to present.The information in this chapter help in familiarizing details
which are significant to the present study.

RELATED LITERATURE

Awareness on Human Rights

The Human Rights Law is our Independent Variable.The human rights law is the
law that was passed by the United nations which the philippines is a signatory which
means we pilipinos are agreign to and are adapting this law this law can even be found
in our constitution Article 3.”Bill of Rights section” 1 – 22 focusing about the rights of the
inhabitants here in our nation protecting us from slavery,oppression,loss of freedom and
many more. Awareness on human rights refers to an individuals understanding and
knowledge of their fundamental rights and freedoms as stated in our constitution and
the united nations international bill of rights this law is important to an indivivudual as it
serves as a protection,power,and order to a community by knowing these rights an
individual can protect themselves and others dignity,property,and justice imagine if this
law didnt exist one could just be killed in the streets like a dog by the police if we didnt
have rights or even when the police arrests you when you were just walking around that
is why a citizen should know what are his/her rights so they can avoid violating
someone elses and be violated themselves.

Experience on Human Rights

The practical experiences of human rights vary from people to people with others
not even knowing about it,others violating it without even knowing The Level of
awareness and experiences of PHINMA COC HUMSS strand students is our dependent
variable we will be accessing and recording the level of their awareness and their
experiences in our research study finding out what really is and what are the levels of
their awareness and experiences regarding human rights law.Many people have
experiences regarding human rights law even just by existing we are excercising our
human right but not many are aware of this as human rights law was a law purely based
on promoting common good and compassion to others,it already existed at the dawn of
humanity that is why not many people are actually aware what the human right laws are
and are they even experiencing it when it actually the most crucial law to us people.The
right to have access to justice,equality and non-discrimination,protection from
abuse,freedom of both self and expression,right to education and work,health and well
being,dignity and many other rights that we have that are just pretty much just common
sense in our daily lives.

RELATED STUDIES

Local

The research conducted by Songcayawon (2017) called “Level of Human Rights

Awareness and Experiences Among Southeast Asian Students in the Philippines: Basis
for a Proposed Human Rights Empowerment Program for International Students”. They
collected demographic profiles of the participants, including age, gender, family
background, and religion. Their study concluded that religion and nationality significantly
influenced awareness of human rights, suggesting that a human rights empowerment
program should consider these variables. We will use studies like Songcayawon's as
references to anticipate our results and emphasize the relevance of human rights
awareness in the Philippines without delving deeply into individual participant profiles.
Similarly, Sinosa's (2015) research titled “The level of awareness about human rights
among College of Law students in a selected school in Iloilo City” focused on assessing
the awareness of human rights among college of law students in a selected school in
Iloilo City. They explored awareness on human rights across various categories,
including political, civil, economic, and sociocultural rights. Their findings indicated
limited initiative in civil, political, and economic rights awareness but more initiative in
sociocultural rights.
 Our research is diffirent from our local related studies in the premise that their
researchs involved a broader group of participants and served as a basis for a larger-
scale program. In contrast, our research is more specific, concentrating the conduction
here in Cagayan de Oro city specificaly in PHINMA COC where we will be assessing
the level of awareness and experiencess regarding human rights of the Senior
Highschool HUMSS strand Students at PHINMA COC and will just be using this studies
as a means of what our expected results would be and why the human rights
awareness is relevant to our country and why its important to be aware of it.

Foreign

The research conducted by Singh, Sheojee & Singh, Harjinder. (2015). titled
“HUMAN RIGHTS AWARENESS AMONG B.ED. STUDENTS”. Is a research conducted
in India for B.ED (Bachelor of Education) students to access the relevance of Human
rights to them as soon to be educators which yield results that showed that their
research participants were only a few showed a high level awareness while most
showed middle level awareness so it concluded that their participants awareness
regarding human rights were excellent and didnt need any betterment..In adition
Macsorley P, Gordon S, Gardiner T, Newton-Howes G.(2023) Awareness of the Need
for Change: A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Medical Students' Understanding of
Human Rights in Mental Health. Is a study conducted in University of Otago,
Wellington , New Zealand on their medical students focused on psychiatric health about
their theoretical understanding of the value of a service user led human rights of their
psychiatric patients which they found that after the Convention on the Rights of Persons
with Disabilities (CRPD) this made the psychiatric module of their curricula was lagging
behind and this convention helped them be aware of the human rights of their mentally
ill patients.This research shows what will actually happen if a person has or have been
given awareness on human rights even if the person is mentally ill he/she is still human
with right in this study it was even shown the reflection of their 98 participants where
most where thankful of the contibution of the CRPD in their line of study.

Ther researchs is pretty much the same us our research the only dissimilarities
would be their research setting and research participants but our study is unique from
our foreign related studies due to its specific focus on the awareness and experiences
of HUMSS strand students at PHINMA COC Senior High School in relation to Human
Rights Law,Its specific target group (PHINMA COC HUMSS strand students), it
explores both the level of awareness and the actual experiences of the HUMSS strand
students where this approach can offer a comprehensive view of how human rights
education is integrated into our participants academic journey and how it might impact
their personal and professional development.

We the researchers gathered these studies to serve as a crucial purpose in

guiding and supporting the direction of our present study. By examining the insights and
findings from both local and foreign research, we have gained a comprehensive
understanding of the landscape surrounding human rights awareness and education
among various student groups,what would be our expected findings in our research
study,why this topic needs to be studied and to defend that our research is a timely
research topic to be studied because of how and what the other studies have achieved
due to its spread of knowledge and contribution in their own specific settings,their
academic institutes,and own society.

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, data collection method, sampling,
and data analysis of the study.

Research Design

We the researchers chose the descriptive research design for our research
“HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness on Human Rights and Their Experiences”
because it answers the 5 WH questions and as it answers these questions we can
better associate our research to our desired results that aims to provide a detailed
account or description of the phenomenon without manipulating its variables in this case
the variables are Awareness and the experiences of the HUMMS strand students.

Research Environment

The research environment for the study "HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness
on Human Rights and Their Experiences" is located at the Phinma Coc Carmen
Campus in Cagayan de Oro, specifically in the Senior High School building on Max Y.
Suniel St, Misamis Oriental, Philippines where our respondents are currently studying in
their desired focuses.
Research Respondents

The selection of the HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) students at

Phinma Coc Carmen Campus for our study on "HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness
on Human Rights and Their Experiences" is based on the premise that they have the
relevance to the studies focus being a HUMMS students they are typically exposed to
subjects and coursework that emphasize social sciences, ethics, and human rights.
Their academic focus aligns with the themes of our research, making them suitable
participants to gain insights into their awareness and experiences related to human
rights as they have the most likely knowledge and awareness about human rights. In
sampling our respondents, we will be employing the simple random sampling method to
ensure a fair and unbiased representation of the 370 HUMSS students population at
Phinma Coc Carmen Campus. Simple random sampling involves selecting individuals
randomly from the entire population, giving each member an equal chance of being
chosen.Then we will be using cochran’s formula in finding our sample size

Where n is the sample size,N is the population size,and X is the margin of error or
precision.Where in our research N = 370 and our margin of error (X) is = 5% (0.05) so
we can have a 95% confidence level in our research so now we can compute.

Now, we calculate this expression to find the sample size.

Now, take the reciprocal to find the sample size:

Therefore we need approximately 20 HUMSS strand students as our sample size to

achieve a 5% margin of error within a population of 370. Keeping in mind that, for
practical purposes we need to round up to the nearest whole number so in our case
from 19.96 we rounded it to a sample size of 20.

Research Instrument

Our research instrument is a survey questionnaire composed of questions

regarding our 3 research questions (ie.”What is the level of students’ awareness on
human rights?”, ”What are the most commonly acknowledged human rights based on
students experiences?” and “What are the least commonly acknowledged human rights
based on students’ experiences?”) modified from various research questionnaires
including from our Local and Foreign research and other questionnaires that are
relevant from our study.

1.Are you aware of the diffirent human rights(ie.civil,international,cultural rights

etc.)

a.Very aware (have heard and knows the basics of human rights)

b.Somewhat aware (have heard but only knows some of the basic rights)

c.Neutrally aware (have heard but only knows the concept of human rights)

d.Slightly aware (have heard but doesn’t really understand)

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept of human rights)

2.Have you ever partake in a human rights education program or lesson?(SOC

003 subject,Barangay events,Online classes etc.)

a.Yes b.No
3.Do you know what are civil rights?(Right to freedom and equality in dignity and
right, Right to life, liberty and security of person, Right to freedom from slavery
and servitude etc.)

a.Very aware (have heard and knows all civil rights)

b.Somewhat aware (have heard but only knows some of the civil rights)

c.Neutrally aware (have heard but only knows the concept of civil rights)

d.Slightly aware (have heard but doesn’t really understand)

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept of civil rights)

4.Have you ever heard of Economic social and cultural rights?

a.Very aware (have heard and knows all civil rights)

b.Somewhat aware (have heard but only knows some of the civil rights)

c.Neutrally aware (have heard but only knows the concept of civil rights)

d.Slightly aware (have heard but doesn’t really understand)

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept of civil rights)

5.Do you know what Legal and Political rights are?

a.Very aware (have heard and knows both Legal and political rights are)

b.Somewhat aware (have heard but only knows some of the Legal and political rights)

c.Neutrally aware (have heard but only knows the concept of Legal and political rights)

d.Slightly aware (have heard but doesn’t really understand)

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept of Legal and
political)

6.Have you ever heard of Social rights?

a.Very aware (have heard and knows both Legal and political rights are)
b.Somewhat aware (have heard but only knows some of the Legal and political rights)

c.Neutrally aware (have heard but only knows the concept of Legal and political rights)

d.Slightly aware (have heard but doesn’t really understand)

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept of Legal and
political)

7. Do you know that human rights are what we humans have in order to know
what our obligations and our protections are?

a.Yes I know b.Didn’t know

8.Have you ever heard of article XIV, Section 1, of the 1987 Constitution?

a.Have heard and I know it word for word (knows it word for word)

b.Have heard but I dont know it word for word (can say the important parts of the
section)

c.Have heard but only knows what it is about

d.Have heard but doesn’t really understand

e.Never ever even heard of it (doesn’t know the basics nor the concept)

9. In the past have you experienced any violations to your rights?

a.Yes I have

b.Not that I know of

c.No I haven’t

d.Prefer not to say

10. Where did your experience of the violation occur?

a.Public place (Park,Malls,Beach,Public restrooms etc.)

b.At home (yours,friends,relatives or neighbors)

c.Never experienced a violation of my rights

d.Don’t know as it might be at the time towards today I didn’t know if it was a violation
e.Prefer not to talk about it

11. At the time of the violation do you think having known what human rights are
it could have gone diffirently?

a.Yes as i might have fought back or have reported my violators

b.I don’t know as It might have happen regardless

c.Prefer not to say

12. How useful do you think is the Human Rights law?

a.Very useful

b.Somewhat useful

c.Neutral

d.Sometimes useful

e.Useless

We plan to use this questionnaire by giving this to our research respondents with the
sample size of 20 chosen using simple random sampling in order to find the desired
result of our research which is to answer the HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness on
Human Rights and Their Experiences.

Data Collection Procedure

The Data Collection procedure we will be using would be questionnaires as

explained in our Research instruments we plan to give out the questionnaires to the 20
HUMSS strands students that were randomly selected via either lots or other various
methods to add for the randomness of our sampling for them to answer it and then
Analyse it in order to answer our research questions and give out data that can answer
the HUMSS Student’s Level of Awareness on Human Rights and Their Experiences.

Data Analysis

This study aims to measure various key variables related to HUMSS students'
awareness of human rights and their experiences. These variables include the
participants' level of awareness on different categories of human rights, participation in
human rights education, knowledge of specific rights, experience of rights violations,
and the perceived usefulness of human rights law.Collectively, the data gathered from
these variables will be subjected to quantitative analyses to derive meaningful insights
into HUMSS students' awareness of human rights and their real-world experiences. It's
crucial to recognize the limitations of the research, including the 20 people sample size,
potential self-reporting biases, and variations in the interpretation of terms, to ensure a
comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the study findings.Provided that this
limitations are stated we will interpret our data collected from our 20 random people
sample size as the HUMSS students awareness of human rights and their experiences

REFERENCES:

Songcayawon, J. R. (2017). Level of human rights awareness and experiences among

Southeast Asian students in the Philippines: Basis for a proposed human Rights
empowerment Program for international students. Proceedings Journal of Education,
Psychology and Social Science Research,4(1) ,https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3169733

Sinosa,J.P. (2015). The level of awareness about human rights among College of Law
students in a selected school in Iloilo City. BAHÁNDÌAN, Institutional Repository of
Central Philippine University, https://repository.cpu.edu.ph/handle/20.500.12852/279

Singh,S. & Singh, H. (2015). HUMAN RIGHTS AWARENESS AMONG B.ED.

STUDENTS.International Journal of
Education ,4(1),https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sheojee-Singh/publication/
333103295

Macsorley P, Gordon S, Gardiner T, Newton-Howes G. Awareness of the Need for

Change: A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Medical Students' Understanding of
 Human Rights in Mental Health. Health Hum Rights,25(1),161-169.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10309151/

NALP-The Association for Legal Career Professionals. (2011). 2011 Survey of Law
School Experiential Learning Opportunities and Benefits: Responses from
Government and Nonprofit
Lawyers.https://www.nalpfoundation.org/uploads/2011ExpLearningStudy.pdf.

Ontario Human Rights Commission. (2017). Taking the pulse: People’s opinions on
human rights in Ontario.https://www.ohrc.on.ca/en/appendix-b-survey-questionnaire-
taking-the-pulse?
fbclid=IwAR35F6jwbANF6vzjjLAsY0ExpNrFSuirj6Oe2dgl3r66ucj5_lOGJZhhDOY