Intelligent Control

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Lecturer: VU VAN PHONG

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 Instructor: Dr. Vu Van Phong

 Email: phongvv@hcmute.edu.vn
 Websites: https://phongvuac.wixsite.com/vuphong/

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Chapter 3: Fuzzy Relations

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Contents
Relation of the crisp sets
Binary Fuzzy relation

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Fuzzy Relations

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

6 Fuzzy Relations

 Purposes:
Consider the fuzzy sets with more than two dimensions
Fuzzy sets is with more than two dimensions called
”fuzzy relations”.

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

7 Crisp set relation
 Consider two Universe sets: X and Y
Cartersian Product:
 𝑋 × 𝑌 = { 𝑥, 𝑦 |𝑥 ∈ 𝑋 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 ∈ 𝑌}
 Noted:
 𝑋 ≠𝑌 ➔𝑋×𝑌 ≠𝑌×𝑋
 For n universe set: 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , …, 𝑋𝑛

𝑋1 × 𝑋2 × 𝑋2 … 𝑋𝑛 = 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , … , 𝑥𝑛 |𝑥𝑖 ⊂ 𝑋𝑖 , 𝑖 = 1,2, … , 𝑛

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 For two crisp sets X and Y

 Crisp Relation: 𝑅 𝑋, 𝑌 ⊂ 𝑋 × 𝑌
 General case: for 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , …, 𝑋𝑛

𝑅 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , …, 𝑋𝑛 ⊂ 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , …, 𝑋𝑛

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Example:
 Consider two sets: Children X={x1,x2,x3} and Mother
Y={y1,y2,y3}
 XxY={(x1,y1), (x1,y2), (x1,y3), (x2,y1), (x2,y2), (x2,y3), (x3,
y1), (x3, y2), (x3, y3)}
 Relation Crisp Set family
 R(X,Y)={(x1,y2), (x2,y2)}

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 Express the Relation Crisp Set in the form of Matrix:

y1 y2 y3
x1 0 1 0
𝑅 𝑋, 𝑌 = x2 0 1 0
x3
0 0 0
 where: 1 𝑖𝑓 (𝑥1, 𝑦1) ⊂ 𝑅(𝑋, 𝑌)
𝑅 𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑗 =ቊ
0 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
 It means that 𝑦𝑖 is the mother of 𝑥𝑖

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

11  If 𝑅 𝑥𝑖 , 𝑦𝑗 ∈[0,1] Then Relation R(X,Y) is not a relation
crisp set. It is a “Fuzzy relation”.
 Example:
 Crisp set 1: X={ Ha Noi, Ha Giang, Da Nang}
 Crisp set 2: Y={ Ca Mau. Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh}
Ca Mau Ho Chi Minh City
Da Nang
Ha Noi 0.9 0.5 0.75
 Relation: Ha Giang
1 0.7 0.85
 Far Da Nang 0.6 0 0.5

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 Definition: The fuzzy relation R is the fuzzy set on the
Cartesian Product 𝑋ത = 𝑋1 × 𝑋2 ×…× 𝑋𝑛 and for the crisp
sets 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , 𝑋3 , … , 𝑋𝑛 .

𝑅 = {𝑅 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , … , 𝑢𝑛 | 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , … , 𝑢𝑛 ⊂ 𝑋ത

 where 𝑅 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , … , 𝑢𝑛 ∈ [0, 1] is the membership degree

of the fuzzy relation R. 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑌, 𝑧 ∈ 𝑍

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Binary Fuzzy Relations

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

14 Definition

 If the fuzzy relations are defined by the Cartesian

product XxY only for two crisp sets X and Y , then the
relations R(X,Y) are called as binary fuzzy relations.
 The simplest way to represent the binary fuzzy relations
R(X,Y) is the matrix form

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 For example:

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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 𝑅−1 𝑌, 𝑋 is the fuzzy relation on 𝑌 ×X and is the inverse
of R 𝑋, 𝑌
 𝑅−1 𝑦, 𝑥 =R(x,y) 𝑥∈𝑋 y∈𝑌
 Noted:
 The inverse of the fuzzy relation is different with the
inverse matrix in Math. The transpose of the fuzzy relation
is a transpose of
 𝑅−1 =Transpose of R (RT )
 (𝑅−1 )−1 = 𝑅

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

18  The “Standard Composition( Max-Min Composition)” of
the binary fuzzy relations is defined as

 Where R(x,z), P(x,y), Q(y,z) are the binary fuzzy relation,

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Example:
0.4 0.5 0.9 0.1 0.3 1
𝑃 𝑥, 𝑦 = 0.1 0.7 0.8 𝑄 𝑦, 𝑧 = 0 0.6 0.9
0.3 0.6 1 0.9 0.9 0.5

Find 𝑅 𝑥, 𝑧 = (𝑃 ∘ 𝑄)(𝑥, 𝑧)

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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𝑟11 = ma x{ min 𝑝11 , 𝑞11 , min 𝑝12 , 𝑞21 , min 𝑝13 , 𝑞31 }
=ma x{ min 0.4,0.1 , min 0.5,0 , min 0.9,0.9 }=0.9

𝑟12 = ma x{ min 𝑝11 , 𝑞12 , min 𝑝12 , 𝑞22 , min 𝑝13 , 𝑞32 }
=ma x{ min 0.4,0.3 , min 0.5,0.6 , min 0.9,0.9 }=0.9

0.9 0.9 0.5

𝑅 𝑥, 𝑧 = 0.8 0.8 0.7
0.9 0.9 0.6

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Matching condition:

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Example 2:

0.1 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.7

𝑃 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑄 𝑧, 𝑦 =
1 0.2 0.9 0.4 1 0.1
Find: R(x,z)=?
M(z,x)=?

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control

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Thanks for Listening

Dr. Van-Phong Vu-Department of Automatic Control