Introduction

Every aspect of daily living, including domestic life, business operations, and industry, depends
on energy. Currently, electrical energy is regarded as the fourth necessary resource for humans to
survive, after air, food, and shelter. It is difficult to envision living today without access to
electric power. Any nation's socioeconomic progress depends in large part on electrical energy.
All economic activity requires energy as a fundamental input. One of the developing nations
with the highest percentage of residents without access to electricity is Ethiopia. For rural
electrification, which has the more obvious advantages of usable electric power, it has a
significant non-conventional energy, solar PV, and wind energy potential that has not been
utilized [1].
Unfortunately, many of Ethiopia's rural communities like dess kebele haven't benefited from
these electricity-related uses. The absence of this usable power has been a major barrier to the
development of many rural villages. The traditional techniques of supplying power have proven
to be excessively expensive, unreliable, challenging to maintain, and economically indefensible
due to the remote location and low population densities of the rural settlements. Therefore, a
large number of these areas continue to lack energy and might never receive grid power from the
company Even though Ethiopia's government is adamant on increasing energy production and
availability for rural areas by extending the grid. . This is due to low population density, complex
geographic layout, scattered settlement and capacity constraints as a result grid extension are not
a practical solution for rural areas. So, to mitigate these kinds of problems and to address the
issues of energy access in the rural areas of the country in general and the case study in
particular, using fuzzy logic controller optimal solution with renewable energy sources (RES) is
an imperative [3].
A source of renewable energy (RES) is currently being developed around the world because of
its interaction with the environment and its integration with technology. In addition, the
proliferating demands for energy, the international agreement to reduce global climate change,
and the availability of renewable energy sources have made them a major source of electricity.
But renewable energy resources are geographically controlled, and so their capacity varies from
time to time and season to season. Moreover, despite the fact that the single renewable energy
source is known for power quality, reliability, and sustainability issues [5].Therefore, this
opportunity or obstacle is solved by hybrid renewable energy sources, because a hybrid
renewable energy system is a combination of two and more than two renewable energy
sources. If doing this, the weakness of one renewable energy source is compensated for by
another renewable energy source, which increases the security and reliability of the hybrid
generation system.
The term "hybrid power generation system" (HPGS) refers to a system that aims to produce and
use electrical energy from multiple sources, provided that at least one of those sources is
renewable. Such a system frequently includes some types of storage in order to meet demand
during times when renewable sources are unavailable and to shorten the time interval between
the peak load and the maximum power produced. [3].
The hybrid renewable for different regions and locations, climatic conditions, including solar
irradiance, temperature, and so forth, are constantly changing, so the ideal amount of design
sizing is crucial for solar and wind power generation systems with battery banks in order to
efficiently and economically utilize renewable energy resources. A charging system, battery
storage system, and power conversion system make up an independent off-grid solar and wind
power system [4].
Due to the difficulty of providing electric access by extending the grid, dess kebele is among the
Ethiopian rural part that are experiencing comparable issues. By finding alternate resources that
can be used independently to provide the community with access to electricity is the focus of this
paper. The thesis suggests design and simulation of fuzzy logic based hybrid solar-wind
standalone power generation system as an initial electrification option for that kebele.
1.2. PROBLEM OF THE STATEMENT
Due to the connection between all of our everyday activities and electricity usage, the
contribution of energy to a nation's development is significant. Therefore, in order to advance the
economy, culture, and growth of the nation, it is a voluntary obligation to give energy to the
society. Ethiopia has a great domestic potential for renewable energy sources, including water,
sun, geothermal, and wind, to address the electricity in the rural areas. However, despite its
potential, it continues to experience power shortages, such as famine and drought. It appears that
Ethiopia's administration is now committed to carrying out this action. But first, it has begun to
offer energy in locations that are good for business, as well as in hospitals and other government
buildings. As a result, a large portion of the nation is chaotic. Therefore, the rural society relies
on locally produced, traditional energy sources like firewood, charcoal, and animal dung for
cooking and baking. Use kerosene for nighttime lighting. By releasing carbon dioxide and other
hazardous gases into the atmosphere, these have a negative impact on weather patterns and
health issues. Additionally, this contributes to deforestation and soil degradation.
In addition to this issue, the dess kebele community has encountered the following difficulties.
First of all, it is quite challenging to serve all the villagers without a line-up because there is no
flour mill in the hamlet and families must travel to locations where there is electricity to grind
grain. This exposes the resident to additional concurrent difficulties. Second, gathering animal
manure, firewood, and other ingredients for cooking places a heavy strain on women and kids.
Additionally, the residents in the rural areas are unable to fully benefit from social services like
clinics, schools, and other infrastructures due to a lack of access to energy. Therefore, the focus
must be on improving rural areas' access to power in order to improve the community's quality of
life. Design and Simulation of Fuzzy logic based hybrid Solar-Wind Standalone Power
Generation are the main focus of this thesis, which aims to address the issue of electricity
shortage in rural areas while taking into account the aforementioned situations.
1.3. Objective of the Thesis
1.3.1. General Objective
Design and Simulation of Fuzzy logic based hybrid Solar-Wind Standalone Power Generation
system using HOMER and MATLAB software to provide clean, adequate and sustainable
energy.
1.3.2. Specific objective
The specific objectives of the paper includes:-
 To assess the solar photovoltaic, & wind energy resource potential of the study area.
 To select appropriate solar photovoltaic and wind turbine components based on their
characteristics to fit with the load estimations of the village
 To model the entire photo voltaic and wind turbine system in MATLAB/SIMULINK.
 To design a fuzzy logic controller for the system
 To compare the investment cost of the hybrid system against the cost required to electrify
the areas by extending the national grid.
 To determine the load estimation of the site and forecast for the near future based on the
linear extrapolation (end use) forecasting method.
1.4. Significance of the Study
The thesis will make a significant contribution to providing affordable, high-quality, reliable
energy in remote rural parts of developing nations that are not connected to the national grid for
household needs like mobile charging, lighting, TV, and other appliances. Additionally, it
broadens the system's scope and possibilities for the rural electric system. Schools may make use
of teaching aids including televisions, radios, and lights. One of the primary uses of the off-grid

power system would be for telecommunications, water pumping, flour milling and for health
centers to lower the rate of human mortality. Along with all of these advantages, the hybrid
power system's design will greatly lessen ecological disturbance caused by the clearing of forest
land for the production of firewood and will improve public health by reducing the amount of
smoke produced by the burning of kerosene for lighting, firewood, and animal manure for
cooking. The findings of this thesis will act as a foundation for planners and designers of energy
systems and provide information on the technological possibilities for utilizing the zone's and the
region's resources. As a result, it will also suggest potential roles that the government, business
sector, and financial institutions should play in order to cover the gaps in energy demand in a
sustainable manner. The results of the study might be utilized to educate rural people about the
benefits of using renewable energy sources, such as hybrid solar-wind energy systems, to help
them battle poverty and ultimately live better lives.
1.5. Scope and Limitation of the Study
Despite the fact that the thesis can be explored in most regions of the nation, this dissertation
concentrated on dess village electrification. On the other hand, the hybrid solar PV/wind power
system is the main topic of the paper. Due to the change in load and resource potential, the thesis
may not be relevant to other sites. Additionally, this thesis aims to predict and assess how well
the hybrid generation system performs. Solar-wind hybrid with other sources, such as Micro
hydro, Biogas, Biodiesel, and the like, requires a series of analyses to determine the possible
combination of each source for a given demand. In order to condense the scope of the work, the
thesis excludes these alternatives from comparison and only designs standalone hybrid solar-
wind systems. Therefore this can be viewed as the other limitation of the work.
1.6. Description of the Study Area
As was mentioned in the statement of the problem the selected village for this study is dess
village. It is found in Gozamen District, east Gojjam zone, Amhara regional state. It is located
west of Debre Markos town at distance of 25 Km and 240 Km from Bahirdar. This village lays at
10.4129N latitude, 37.623E longitudes and 2008.04m above sea level. The village has one
primary school, one health post, one orthodox tewahido church and 536 households. The number
of households may be exceeding this number because only the taxpayers are registered. In
addition to the residents of the villager, there are also civil servants like, agricultural experts,
police, health professional and others. The residents of the village are subsistence farmers and in
low level income, where they sing only in the rainy season. The villagers live without access to
electricity. The figure 1 shown below presents the map of dess village. The village is located in
mountainous area about 12Km away from the nearest grid.

Figure 1.1.salite map of the study area