Transmission Media

1. When the angle of incidence is the critical angle, the light beam
bends along the interface. Ans. (equal to)
2. Transmission media lie below the layer. Ans. (physical)
3. cable consists of an inner copper core and a second conducting outer
sheath. Ans. (Coaxial)
4. consists of a central conductor and a shield. Ans. (Coaxial)
5. cable can carry signals of higher frequency ranges than cable.
Ans. (Coaxial; twisted-pair)
6. are used for cellular phone, satellite, and wireless LAN
communications. Ans. (Microwaves)
7. The inner core of an optical fiber is in composition. Ans. (glass or
plastic)
8. What is the major factor that makes coaxial cable less susceptible to noise than
twisted-pair cable? Ans. (diameter of cable)
9. Signals with a frequency below 2 MHz use propagation. Ans. (ground)
10. In an optical fiber, the inner core is the cladding. Ans. (denser than)
11. cable consists of two insulated copper wires twisted together. Ans.
(Twisted-pair)
12. In fiber optics, the signal is waves. Ans. (light)
13. Signals with a frequency above 30 MHz use propagation. Ans.
(line-of-sight)
14. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) antenna. Ans. ( unidirectional)
15. A(n) medium provides a physical conduit from one device to another.
Ans. (guided)
16. cable is used for voice and data communications. (Twisted-pair)
17. Signals with a frequency between 2 MHz and 30 MHz use propagation.
Ans. (sky)
18. Transmission media are usually categorized as . Ans. (guided or
unguided)
19. are used for short-range communications such as those between a PC
and a peripheral device. Ans. (Infrared waves)
20. media transport electromagnetic waves without the use of a physical
conductor. Ans. (Unguided)
21. cables are composed of a glass or plastic inner core surrounded by
cladding, all encased in an outside jacket. Ans. (Fiber-optic)
 22. Which of the following primarily uses guided media? Ans. (local telephone
system)
23. When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle
of incidence is greater than the critical angle, occurs. Ans. (reflection)
24. Which of the following is not a guided medium? Ans. (atmosphere)
25. Microwaves are . Ans. (unidirectional)
26. cables carry data signals in the form of light. Ans. (Fiber-optic)
27. Radio waves are . Ans. (omnidirectional)
28. In a fiber-optic cable, the signal is propagated along the inner core by
. Ans. (reflection)
Wired LANs: Ethernet

1. uses four twisted pairs. Ans. (1000Base-T)

2. 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX, and 1000Base-CX use block coding and
line coding. Ans. (8B/10B; NRZ)
3. uses two fiber-optic cables. Ans. (100Base-FX)
4. uses two optical fibers and a short-wave laser source. Ans.
(1000Base-SX)
5. What is the hexadecimal equivalent of the Ethernet address 01011010 00010001
01010101 00011000 10101010 00001111? Ans. (5A:11:55:18:AA:0F)
6. In Ethernet addressing, if all the bits are 1s, the address is . Ans.
(broadcast)
7. If an Ethernet destination address is 07:01:02:03:04:05, then this is a
address. Ans. (multicast)
8. Each station on an Ethernet network has a unique address imprinted on
its network interface card (NIC). Ans. (48-bit)
9. Gigabit Ethernet has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (1000)
10. In the Ethernet frame, the field contains error detection information. Ans.
(CRC)
11. 100Base-T4 uses line coding. Ans. (8B6T)
12. uses long-wave 1310-nm single mode fiber. Ans. (10GBase-L)
13. defines a protocol data unit (PDU) that is somewhat similar to that of
HDLC. Ans. (LLC)
14. 100Base-TX uses block coding and line coding. Ans.
(4B/5B; MLT-3)
15. The sublayer is responsible for the operation of the CSMA/CD access
method and framing. Ans. (MAC)
16. is the most widely used local area network protocol. Ans. (Ethernet)
17. is the most widely used local area network protocol. Ans. (multicast)
18. Gigabit Ethernet access methods include mode. Ans. (full-duplex and
half-duplex)
19. uses four pairs of voice-grade, or higher, twisted-pair cable. Ans.
(100Base-T4)
20. Standard Ethernet (10-Mbps) uses encoding. Ans. (Manchester)
21. In , auto negotiation allows two devices to negotiate the mode or data
rate of operation. Ans. (Fast Ethernet)
22. If an Ethernet destination address is 08:07:06:05:44:33, then this is a
address. Ans. (unicast)
23. uses short-wave 850-nm multimode fiber. Ans. (10GBase-S)
24. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet multicast destination? Ans.
(7C:56:21:1A:DE:F4)
25. uses thin coaxial cable. Ans. (10Base2)
26. In the Ethernet, the field is actually added at the physical layer and is not
(formally) part of the frame. Ans. (preamble)
27. Fast Ethernet has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (100)
28. The purpose of the is to provide flow and error control for the
upper-layer protocols that actually demand these services. Ans. (LLC)
29. uses two pairs of twisted-pair cable. Ans. (100Base-TX)
30. uses fiber-optic cable. Ans. (10Base-F)
31. In Ethernet addressing, if the least significant bit of the first byte is 0, the address
is . Ans. (unicast)
32. uses 1550-mm single mode fiber. Ans. (10GBase-E)
33. 1000Base-T uses line coding. Ans. (4D-PAM5)
34. The maximum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is bytes. Ans. (1518)
35. The minimum frame length for 10-Mbps Ethernet is bytes. Ans. (128, 80,
32, none of the above)
36. uses two optical fibers and a long-wave laser source. Ans.
(1000Base-LX)
37. The layer of Ethernet consists of the LLC sublayer and the MAC
sublayer. Ans. (data link)
38. 100Base-FX uses block coding and line coding. Ans.
(4B/5B; NRZ-1)
39. Which of the following could not be an Ethernet unicast destination? Ans.
(43:7B:6C:DE:10:00)
 40. uses thick coaxial cable. Ans. (10Base5)
41. The IEEE 802.3 Standard defines CSMA/CD as the access method for
first-generation 10-Mbps Ethernet. Ans. (1-persistent)
42. uses four twisted-pair cables that connect each station to a common
hub. Ans. (10Base-T)

Wireless LAN

1. The original IEEE 802.11, has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (1)
2. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from a station to an AP, the address flag is
. Ans. (10)
3. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one station in a BSS to another
without passing through the distribution system, the address flag is .
Ans. (00)
4. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the PCF sublayer is . Ans.
(polling)
5. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS without an AP is called an . Ans. (an ad hoc
architecture)
6. In IEEE 802.11, the addressing mechanism can include up to addresses.
Ans. (four)
7. In Bluetooth, the layer is roughly equivalent to the physical layer of the
Internet model. Ans. (radio)
8. In IEEE 802.11, a station with mobility is either stationary (not moving)
or moving only inside a BSS. Ans. (no-transition)
9. In Bluetooth, the L2CAP sublayer is roughly equivalent to the LLC sublayer in
LANs. Ans. (L2CAP)
10. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is going from one AP to another AP in a wireless
distribution system, the address flag is . Ans. (11)
11. A Bluetooth network is called a . Ans. ( piconet)
12. A Bluetooth network consists of primary device(s) and up to
secondary devices. Ans. (one; seven)
13. In Bluetooth, the current data rate is Mbps. Ans. (11,5,2, none of the above)
14. In IEEE 802.11, a BSS with an AP is sometimes referred to as .
Ans. (an infrastructure network)
15. In IEEE 802.11, the is a timer used for collision avoidance. Ans. (NAV)
16. In IEEE 802.11, the MAC layer frame has fields. Ans. (4,6,5, none of the
above)
17. Bluetooth uses method in the physical layer to avoid interference from
other devices or other networks. Ans. (FHSS)
18. In Bluetooth, the link is used when data integrity is more important than
avoiding latency. Ans. (ACL)
19. In Bluetooth, the layer is roughly equivalent to the MAC sublayer in LANs.
Ans. (baseband)
20. IEEE has defined the specifications for a wireless LAN, called , which
covers the physical and data link layers. Ans. (IEEE 802.11)
21. In IEEE 802.11, a station with mobility can move from one ESS to
another. Ans. (ESS-transition)
22. The IEEE 802.11g, uses . Ans. (OFDM)
23. In IEEE 802.11, the access method used in the DCF sublayer is . Ans.
(CSMA/CA)
24. The RTS and CTS frames in CSMA/CA solve the hidden station problem.
The RTS and CTS frames in CSMA/CA solve the exposed station problem.
Ans. (can; cannot)
25. In IEEE 802.11, communication between two stations in two different BSSs
usually occurs via two . Ans. (APs)
26. Bluetooth is a technology that connects devices (called gadgets) in a
small area. Ans. (wireless LAN)
27. The original IEEE 802.11, uses . Ans. (either FHSS or DSSS)
28. The IEEE 802.11a uses . Ans. (OFDM)
29. In IEEE 802.11, a is made of stationary or mobile wireless stations and an
optional central base station, known as the access point (AP). Ans. (BSS)
30. The IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs defines two services: and
. Ans. (BSS; ESS)
31. In Bluetooth, the link is used when avoiding latency (delay in data delivery)
is more important than integrity (error-free delivery). Ans. (SCO)
32. IEEE 802.11b, has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (5.5)
33. IEEE 802.11g, has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (22)
34. In IEEE 802.11, a station with mobility can move from one BSS to
another, but the movement is confined inside one ESS. Ans. (BSS-transition)
35. The access method in Bluetooth is . Ans. (TDD-TDMA)
36. The IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs use types of frames. Ans. (five, six,
four, none of the above)
37. In IEEE 802.11, is an optional access method that can be implemented in
an infrastructure network (not in an ad hoc network). Ans. (PCF)
 38. In IEEE 802.11, when a frame is coming from an AP and going to a station, the
address flag is . Ans. (01)
39. In Bluetooth, multiple form a network called a . Ans.
(piconets; scatternet)
40. The IEEE 802.11b, uses . Ans. (DSSS)
41. IEEE 802.11a, has a data rate of Mbps. Ans. (6)

Connecting LANs, Backbone Networks, and VLAN

1. VLANs create domains. Ans. (broadcast)

2. A operates in both the physical and the data link layer. Ans. (bridge)
3. A is a device that operates only in the physical layer. Ans. ( repeater)
4. A switch is a faster and more sophisticated router. Ans. ( three-layer)
5. is just a connector. Ans. (A passive hub)
6. A normally connects LANs and WANs on the Internet and has a table that
is used for making decisions about the route. Ans. (router)
7. A repeater is a connecting device that operates in the layer of the Internet
model. Ans. (physical)
8. A regenerates a signal, connects segments of a LAN, and has no filtering
capability. Ans. (repeater)
9. In a(n) configuration, the administrator types the port numbers, the IP
addresses, or other characteristics, using the VLAN software. Ans. (manual)
10. A LAN allows several LANs to be connected. Ans. (backbone)
11. A backbone is usually a . Ans. ( either star and or bus)
12. A bridge can use the algorithm to create a loopless topology. Ans.
(spanning time)
13. is actually a multiport repeater. It is normally used to create connections
between stations in a physical star topology. Ans. (An active hub)
14. In a backbone, the backbone is just one switch. Ans. (star)
15. A spanning tree is a graph in which there is no . Ans. ( loop)
16. A bridge can forward and filter frames and automatically build its
forwarding table. Ans. (transparent)
17. A virtual local area network (VLAN) is configured by . Ans. ( software)
18. A is normally a computer that operates in all five layers of the Internet
model or seven layers of OSI model. Ans. (gateway)
19. A is a device in which the stations are completely unaware of its
existence. Ans. (transparent bridge)
20. A has a table used in filtering decisions. Ans. ( bridge)
21. In a star-topology Ethernet LAN, is just a point where the signals coming
from different stations collide; it is the collision point. Ans. (A passive hub)
22. VLANs can . Ans. (both a and b - provide an extra measure of security
& reduce network office)
23. A link acts as a LAN in a remote backbone connected by remote
bridges. Ans. (point-to-point)
24. A forwards every frame; it has no filtering capability. Ans. ( repeater)
25. A is a connecting device that operates in the physical and data link layers
of the Internet model. Ans. (bridge)
26. A can check the MAC addresses contained in the frame. Ans. ( bridge)
27. is part of the media; its location in the Internet model is below thephysical
layer. Ans. (A passive hub)
28. In a(n) configuration, the stations are automatically connected or
disconnected from a VLAN using criteria defined by the administrator. Ans.
(automatic)
29. IEEE 802.1d specification, defines criteria for a transparent bridges.
Ans. (three)
30. A two-layer switch is a . Ans. ( bridge)
31. In a bridged LAN, the algorithm creates a topology in which each LAN
can be reached from any other LAN through one path only. Ans. (spanning tree)
32. A can be used as a connecting device between two internetworks that use
different models. Ans. (gateway)
33. Membership in a VLAN can be based on . Ans. (all of the above –
MAC addresses, IP addresses, port numbers)
34. A receives a signal and, before it becomes too weak or corrupted,
regenerates the original bit pattern. It then sends the refreshed signal. Ans.
(repeater)
35. In a(n) configuration, the initializing is done manually, with migrations
done automatically. Ans. (semi automatic)
36. A is a three-layer device that handles packets based on their logical
addresses. Ans. (router)
37. A three-layer switch is a kind of . Ans. ( router)
38. Some new two-layer switches, called switches, have been designed to
forward the frame as soon as they check the MAC addresses in the header of the
frame. Ans. (cut-through)