STD X - GEOGRAPHY

Syllabus
Natural Vegetation:
Importance of Forests
Types of Vegetation – (Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous, tropical desert, littoral and mountain),
Distribution and Correlation with their environment
Forest Conservation

❖ Natural Vegetation: Natural Vegetation refers to the plant cover that has not
been disturbed over a long period of time by man’s interference and adapts
itself fully to the climatic and soil conditions.

❖ Importance of Forests:
➢ Productive Functions: Various trees provide us with products such as fruits,
leaves, roots and tubers of plants.
➢ Protective Functions: The roots of the trees in the forests binds the soil and
thus prevents soil erosion & loss of nutrients.
➢ Regulatory Functions: Forests help in maintaining the oxygen and carbon-
di-oxide balance:
➢ Accessory Functions: Forests provide habitat for the wildlife.

❖ Correlation with the environment:

➢ They provide us with a variety of forest products such as wood for fuel and
timber, gum, resins, lac, etc.
➢ Forests are moderators of climate. They play an effective role in controlling
humidity, temperature and precipitation.

❖ Types of Vegetation:
➢ Types of Forests: The five vegetation regions of India are:
▪ Tropical Evergreen Forests
▪ Tropical Monsoon Deciduous Forests
▪ Tropical Deserts
▪ Littoral Forests
▪ Mountain Forests.

[Date] 1
Hasmita Shah, B/203, Gokul Divine, Off S.V.Road, Irla, VIle Parle (West), Mumbai 400056.
Mob:9699926941
 STD X - GEOGRAPHY

Vegetation Climatic Distribution Important

Type Conditions Trees
Tropical Temperature: Western Slopes Rosewood,
Evergreen 25°C -27°C of western Ebony,
Rainfall: More Ghats, Hills of Mahogany
than 250 cm North-eastern
regions.
Tropical Temperature: Eastern slopes Sal, teak, arjun
Deciduous 24°C-27°C of Western
Rainfall: 100 to Ghats, Northern
200 cm States along
foothills of
Himalayas.
Tropical Desert Temperature: South- Western Ber, Babool,
25°C – 27°C Punjab, Neem
Rainfall: less Rajasthan
than 50cm
Littoral Temperature: Deltas of large Keora, Amur,
26°C – 29°C rivers on the Sundri
Rainfall: Not eastern coast.
more than 200
cm
Mountain Temperature: The Himalayan Spruce,
12°C – 13°C. Zone Deodar, Jamun
Rainfall: 100cm -
150cm

❖ Forest Conservation: Forest conservation means the proper use of forest

resources without causing any adverse effect on our economy or environment.

➢ Causes for destruction of forests:

▪ Due to rapid growth of population, the demand for land for cultivation
and housing increased and thus led to clearing of forests.

[Date] 2
Hasmita Shah, B/203, Gokul Divine, Off S.V.Road, Irla, VIle Parle (West), Mumbai 400056.
Mob:9699926941
 STD X - GEOGRAPHY

▪ Forests have been converted into pastureland for expanding dairy-

farming and cattle ranching.

➢ Need for conservation of forests: Conservation of forests is of vital

importance for the survival and prosperity of human beings.
▪ Forests are the natural habitats of our animals.
▪ Forests act as a sink for the carbon dioxide that the trees use during
photosynthesis.

[Date] 3
Hasmita Shah, B/203, Gokul Divine, Off S.V.Road, Irla, VIle Parle (West), Mumbai 400056.
Mob:9699926941