Arid is characterized by lack of available water
Warm Summer Continental Climate:
GROUP A - TROPICAL CLIMATE
•Tropical climates have high temperature (at sea level and low
elevations) 18 °C or higher. They are subdivided as:
•Tropical rainforest climate
•Tropical monsoon climate
•Tropical wet and dry or savanna climate
Tropical rainforest climate :
Average precipitation of at least 60 mm (2.4 in).
These climates occur within 5–10° latitude of the equator.
In some east areas extend to 25°C away from the equator.
Dominated by Doldrums Low Pressure, has no naturalseasons.
Tropical monsoon climate :
This is seen in southern Asia and WestAfrica.
This climate has a driest month with rainfall less than 60 mm. • In eastern Asia, winters are dry because of the Siberian
annual precipitation {mm}/25]).
Trade-wind littoral climate because easterly winds bring enough
precipitation.
"winter" months to prevent the climate from becoming tropical West coasts at the middle latitudes and other continents.
wet-and-dry climate.
Tropical wet and dry or Savanna climate:
These climates have a pronounced dry season, with the driest
month
precipitation less than 60 mm and also less than (100 −
[total annual precipitation {mm}/25]).
GROUP B - DRY CLIMATE(SEMI-ARID & ARID)Interiors of continents, east coasts, north of 40° N latitude.
Dry Climates are characterized by little rain and a huge
daily temperature range. Two subgroups,
• S - semiarid or steppe, and
• W - arid or desert, are used with the B climates.
CLIMATIC ZONES OF WORLD
1.
preventing the growth and development of plant and High 30s and low 40s latitudes average temp
animal life.i.e.lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. warmest month of >22°C.
Precipitation below potential evapotranspiration,not extremely. In EastAsia climates extend further south due to
Semi-arid climates tend to support short or scrubby Siberian high pressure system,causes winters to be
vegetation,dominated by either grasses or shrubs. dry, summers very wet monsoon circulation.
• Snow rarely (if ever) falls in these regions. Hot semi-arid 2. Cool Summer Continental Climate:
climates are most commonly found around the fringes of High 40s and low 50s in latitude in North America
subtropical deserts. Asia, Central and eastern Europe and Russia,
GROUP C - WARM TEMPERATE CLIMATEextends to high 50s and lowest 60 degree Latitude.
• The climate is characterized by warm to hot, dry 3. Subarctic Climate -Extreme winters
summers and mild to cool, wet winters. These climates occur only in eastern Siberia. have
• average temperature above10 °C (50 °F) warmest months become veritable synonyms for extreme, severe
and a coldest average between −3 °C (26.6 °F) and 18 °C winter cold.
• Group C is further divided into :
1. Mediterranean Climate :
GROUP E - POLAR CLIMATE
Average temperatures below 10 °C (50 °F)
Latitudes of 30° and 45°.
Tundra climate
These climates are in the polar front region in winter,
Warmest month has an average temperature
moderate temperatures and changeable,rainy weather.
between 0 °C (32 °F) and 10 °C (50 °F).
Summers are hot and dry, domination of subtropical high
Northern edges of the North American and
pressure systems,immediate coastal are milder cause of cold
Eurasian
ocean currents.
landmasses, and on nearby islands.
2. Humid subtropical Climate : Alpine climates
• Interiors of continents, on their east coasts, mainly in the high Includes all the mountain ranges of the world
20s and 30s latitude
• ‘Summers are humid due to tropical air masses and TradeWinds.
high pressure system,summers very wet Southwest monsoons.
3. Marine Temperate Climate or Oceanic Climate
Warm, but not hot summers and cool but not cold winters..
Lacks dry season,precipitation is more dispersed overall year.
Precipitation in the form of rain,during winter there’s snowfall
GROUP D - COLD TEMPERATE CLIMATE
Average temperature above 10 °C(50 °F) warmest months,
coldest month below −3 °C (0 °C )
In the Southern hemisphere.
Group D is further divided into 3 :
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