Chapter 6

The Normal
Distribution

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 11

 Chapter 6
The Normal Distribution

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 2

 Section 6.1
Introducing Normally
Distributed Variables

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Key Fact 6.1

Basic Properties of Density Curves

Property 1: A density curve is always on or above the

horizontal axis.

Property 2: The total area under a density curve (and

above the horizontal axis) equals 1.

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 4

Figure 6.1
Properties 1 and 2 of Key Fact 6.1

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Key Fact 6.2

Variables and Their Density Curves

For a variable with a density curve, the percentage of all

possible observations of the variable that lie within any
specified range equals (at least approximately) the
corresponding area under the density curve, expressed
as a percentage.

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 6

Figure 6.2
Illustration of Key Fact 6.2

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Definition 6.1

Normally Distributed Variable

A variable is said to be a normally distributed variable

or to have a normal distribution if its distribution has the
shape of a normal curve.

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Table 6.1
Frequency and relative-frequency
distributions for heights

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Figure 6.10 Relative-frequency histogram for
heights with superimposed normal curve

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Key Fact 6.3

Normally Distributed Variables and Normal-Curve Areas

For a normally distributed variable, the percentage of all

possible observations that lie within any specified range
equals the corresponding area under its associated normal
curve, expressed as a percentage. This result holds
approximately for a variable that is approximately normally
distributed.

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 11

Definition 6.2
Standard Normal Distribution; Standard Normal Curve

A normally distributed variable having mean 0 and

standard deviation 1 is said to have the standard
normal distribution. Its associated normal curve is
called the standard normal curve, which is shown in
Fig. 6.11.

Figure 6.11

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Key Fact 6.4

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Figure 6.12
Standardizing normal distributions

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Figure 6.13
Finding percentages for a normally distributed variable from
areas under the standard normal curve

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 Section 6.2
Areas Under the Standard
Normal Curve

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Key Fact 6.5

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Table 6.2
Areas under the standard normal curve

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 18

Figure 6.18
Using Table II to find the area under the standard normal
curve that lies (a) to the left of a specified z-score, (b) to
the right of a specified z-score, and (c) between two
specified z-scores

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 19

Definition 6.3

Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Ltd. Chapter 6, Slide 20

Figures 6.21 & 6.22
Finding z 0.025

Finding z 0.05

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 Section 6.3
Working with Normally
Distributed Variables

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Procedure 6.1

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Figure 6.25
Determination of the percentage of people having IQs
between 115 and 140

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Key Fact 6.6

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Figure 6.26

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Procedure 6.2

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 Section 6.4
Assessing Normality; Normal
Probability Plots

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Key Fact 6.7

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Table 6.5
Ordered data and
normal scores

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Figure 6.29
Normal probability plot for the sample of adjusted gross
incomes

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 Section 6.5
Normal Approximation to the
Binomial Distribution

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Figure 6.31
Probability histogram for X with superimposed normal curve

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 Figure 6.33
Nine different
binomial
distributions

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Procedure 6.3

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