Conditional sentences

• The Zero Conditional

• The First Conditional
• The Second Conditional
• The Third Conditional
FINISH THESE SENTENCES
If I pass my Chemistry exam, I will….
If I passed my Chemistry exam, I would…
If I had passed my Chemistry exam, I would have…
 Zero Conditional

• The Zero Conditional is formed in this way:

if + Present Simple, Present Simple
If you heat water, it boils.
• We use Zero Conditional to describe rules and situations where
one event always follows the other.
If you want to study in the USA, you have to pass an exam in English.
 First Conditional

• The First Conditional is formed in this way:

if + Present Simple, will + infinitive
If you go to the Zoo, you will see the lions.

• We use the First Conditional to talk about possible future events that depend on other future
events.
If I pass my exams, my parents will buy me a scooter.

Other possible patterns in the First Conditional:

If we save enough money, we can go on holiday. – can
If you see him, tell him to give me a ring. - imperative
 First Type:
Possible & Probable conditions

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Simple Future
Simple Present
Imperative
Can
If you come I will be happy
If you want to pass Study!
If we buy a ticket We (go) to the
concert
If she she will come with us
(arrive) soon
If they dance too much They (get) tired

If you need my car (take) it

 First Type:
Possible & Probable conditions

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If you (drink) a lot I (leave) you

If the road (be) wet (watch out) !
If he (lose) his key You (lend) him yours

If she (not buy) any We (have dinner)

food
If they (not stop) We (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you (take) the dog I (give) you some
for a walk money
 Second Conditional

 The second Conditional is formed in this way:

if + Past Simple, would / could / might + infinitive
If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.

 We use the Second Conditional:

1. To talk about imagined, impossible or unlikely events in the future.
If I had enough money, I would love to do something like that. (the
sentence refers to the future)
2. To talk about impossible present situations.
If I were you, I would study more.
 Second Type:
Possible & Improbable conditions

To express an imaginary present or improbable future situations

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Simple Past Would + root verb

Could + root verb

If she studied she would pass her tests

If he ran he would catch the bus

If I went to China I could be with him

If I were
 Second Type:
Possible & Improbable conditions

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If you (drink) a lot I (leave) you

If the road (be) wet You have) an accident
If he (lose) his key You (lend) him yours

If she (not buy) any We .(have dinner)

food
If they (not stop) We (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you (take) the dog I (give) you some
for a walk money
 Third Conditional

• The Third Conditional is formed in this way:

if + Past Perfect, would/could/might + Perfect Infinitive

If I had studied more, I would have passed the exam.

• We use the Third Conditional to talk about unreal situations in the past and to imagine things
that did not happen.

If I hadn’t broken my leg, I would have gone skiing.

 Third Type:
Impossible conditions

To express a regret for an impossible situation happened in the Past with NO solution
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
Past Perfect Present Perfect Conditional
(Would have + past participle)

If it hadn't rained We would have gone to the

country
If she had studied She (pass) her
tests
If you (invite) They 'd have come to the
them party
If I had known it I (arrive) earlier

If he (phone) I 'd have seen him

 Third Type:
Impossible conditions

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

If you (drink) a lot I (leave) you

If the road (be) wet You (have) an accident
If he (lose) his key You (lend) him yours

If she (not buy) any We (have dinner)

food
If they (not stop) We (not finish) our
talking lesson
If you (take) the dog I (give) you some
for a walk money
 Now it’s your turn…

• Complete the following statements with information about

yourself using the conditional structure in brackets:
• (Zero) If I work too hard …
• (Zero) When I have time …
• (First) If the weather is nice this weekend …
• (First) When I pass IELTS …
• (Second) If I had the chance …
• (Second) If I were in charge of my country …

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Gh.Alaei 17
Questions to listens for:

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Gh.Alaei 22
 Practice
• Habit questions
• What do you do in your holidays?
• When do people give or receive flowers in your culture?
• Preference questions
• Would you like to have a large garden?
• Do you prefer to write or word process?
• Would you like to be famous?
• Future questions
• What will you do next weekend?
• What are your ambitions?
• Random questions
• Do you miss being a student?
• Are there too many advertisements nowadays?
• Has your home changed recently?